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Focal astrocyte loss reveals nuclear translocation during lesion repopulation

Marina Herwerth — 2026-07-23

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 23 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02354-5

Herwerth et al. demonstrate that, after focal astrocyte loss in the adult brain, perilesional astrocytes undergo extensive remodeling, proliferation and nuclear translocation to repopulate the depleted tissue without forming a glial scar.

Replay of procedural memory is independent of the hippocampus

Emmett J. Thompson — 2026-07-23

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 23 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02362-5

Thompson, Rollik and colleagues show that, during sleep, the brain replays procedural memories in the striatum independently of the hippocampus. Replay content was shaped by prior reward and error outcomes and predicted next-day motor performance improvements.

Cerebral venous blood flow regulates intracerebral pressure and brain clearance via meningeal lymphatic vessels

Marie-Renee El Kamouh — 2026-07-22

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 22 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02358-1

The authors show that cerebral venous blood flow and meningeal lymphatics co-regulate intracranial pressure and brain clearance in mice and humans. This finding supports idiopathic intracranial hypertension as a cerebral venous disorder.

Adolescent exposure to the psychedelic 25C-NBOMe in rats induces lasting competitive avoidance through disrupted hippocampal–prefrontal synchrony

Zhi-Peng Yu — 2026-07-20

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 20 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02369-y

Yu, Zhang et al. show that repeated exposure to the psychedelic drug 25C-NBOMe in adolescent rats, but not in adult rats, reduces willingness to engaged in food resource competition in adulthood, due to reduced theta synchrony between ventral hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex.

Author Correction: FUS-mediated regulation of acetylcholine receptor transcription at neuromuscular junctions is compromised in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Gina Picchiarelli — 2026-07-16

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 16 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02396-9

Author Correction: FUS-mediated regulation of acetylcholine receptor transcription at neuromuscular junctions is compromised in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Microglia prune developing cortical blood vessels through PD-1 signaling

Mengtian Zhang — 2026-07-16

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 16 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02378-x

Visualizing microglia and blood vessels in postnatal mouse cortex reveals that microglia contact and prune vessels, which is mediated by PD-L1–PD-1 signaling.

Oxytocin in the amygdala links social and reward signals to cataplexy in mice

2026-07-14

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 14 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02349-2

Loss of orexin neurons in narcolepsy leads to sleepiness and cataplexy episodes, which are most common in social contexts. In a mouse model, an oxytocin-sensitive circuit in the central amygdala is both necessary and sufficient for cataplexy induced by socialization and reward, which links positive emotional signals to motor suppression and highlights a potential therapeutic target.

Oxytocin promotes socially triggered cataplexy

Carrie E. Mahoney — 2026-07-14

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 14 July 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02352-7

In people with narcolepsy, cataplexy is often triggered by strong emotions in social situations. Mahoney et al. show that such cataplexy is mediated by oxytocin-responsive neurons in the amygdala that target brainstem regions regulating motor tone.