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		<title>《卓有成效的管理者》</title>
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		<pubDate>Sat, 11 Feb 2012 10:07:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zeeno</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Review]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[《卓有成效的管理者》是德鲁克最著名的管理学著作之一，虽然本人是管理学科班出生，但一直感兴趣的却是IT领域。当然，因为工作需要也看过多本技术管理的书籍，却因为各种各样的原因竟然一直将本应是必读的书目凉在一边，真是惭愧。正确的做事，做正确的事，重视目标和绩效，做重要的事，做有效的决策，这些耳熟能详的管理学经典语录正是来源德鲁克。现在是到了重新捡回这些知识的时候了。 前几日刚看了公司OA上的管理文摘《高效工作三要素》，里面讲到高效工作的三个要素：第一个要素是快乐，第二个要素是激情，第三个要素是分享。其实说的都是主观的一种精神状态，如何才能把自己的积极性调动起来主动的去解决问题。这周看了《卓有成效的管理者》，则更是从方法论角度学习如何去提升有效解决问题的能力。 前几年我一直推崇GTD(Get Things Down)，也经常向朋友和同事推销。后来几年有所收敛，变得低调，并且不再到处宣传自己三脚猫的功夫。在生活中，在工作中，其实很多时间不是自己的，很多事情也不是自己做的，虽然它们看上去都是在自己手中“做掉”的。越是离开具体的技术工作，越是发现自己其实就像大海中的一篇浮舟，自身所具备的只是掌舵的能力，但是前进的方向却往往和目光所见有所不同。很多情景下，决策形成了一种模式，也可以理解为一种习惯，大多数情况下凭着经验做出的决定都是合适的，但这也可能恰恰成了阻碍自己继续提升的高墙，既阻挡了自己通往更广大世界的道路，也可能阻挡了他人前进的步伐。换句话说，我们可能做事很有效率，但不一定做对了。 想要做对一件事，必须先彻底理解它，或者说，在整个组织中如何才能做出自己的贡献。在做需求分析时，不仅仅需要真正理解需求是什么，更要理解为什么会产生这种需求，它更深层次的来源在哪里。理解它，并不一定能改变它，但至少保证不在自己身上产生更多的弯路。于是有效性就逐渐体现出来，先避免时间的浪费，避免产生更多的问题，然后才有时间去寻找根本的原因。当事项繁多时，如何把握重要问题的能力就显得越来越重要，虽然对于什么才是重要的事情也会有不同的理解。有的人会在忙碌的时候依然决定召开例会，因为这是制度，而有的人会选择先把事情做完后再来开会，因为会议的存在本身就是为了解决问题，当忙碌的原因是因为进度而非协调时，会议就可以省略。所以做对事情的前提是理解工作性质和内容，选择重要的事情做出有效的决策。而如何才能正确判断一件事情是否真正是重要的，却又成了问题。 在我看来，判断一件事情是否重要首先需要去判断这件事所带来的时间效应。我做这件事需要多少时间，这件事做完后，在后续的工作中会带来多少时间上的变化，是变多，还是变少。如果一个项目做完后，可以提升工作效率，也即节约很多工作时间，那么它应当是重要的。如果一个项目做完后，依旧需要耗费大量的时间在几乎同样的工作领域中，那它应当是失败的。当然，这多数是针对IT项目而言。我要开会做决策，如果这个会议决策仅仅带来一天时间的改进却需要耗费两天时间去开这个会议，那这就是无效的。但如果10分钟的会议就形成了同样的决策，那就是有效的。做很多项目，不论大的小的，道理是一样的。 如果一个团队不大，却耗费大量时间在协调上，那就是不够有效。 《卓有成效的管理者》将掌握时间放在了最前面，也至少说明一件事：我知道如何做出贡献，如何发挥长处，也知道决策的要素，但首先的，必然是对时间有深刻的认识。这个世界上只有时间是不可再生的一次性资源。所以，在管理上，如果不是仅仅管理自己的时间，那就在做出决策之前，包括在充分评估能够做出的贡献之前，先评估我是否会浪费他人的时间。想要有效管理，先从有效计划时间开始。<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>《<a href="http://book.douban.com/subject/1322025/">卓有成效的管理者</a>》是德鲁克最著名的管理学著作之一，虽然本人是管理学科班出生，但一直感兴趣的却是IT领域。当然，因为工作需要也看过多本技术管理的书籍，却因为各种各样的原因竟然一直将本应是必读的书目凉在一边，真是惭愧。正确的做事，做正确的事，重视目标和绩效，做重要的事，做有效的决策，这些耳熟能详的管理学经典语录正是来源德鲁克。现在是到了重新捡回这些知识的时候了。</p>
<p>前几日刚看了公司OA上的管理文摘《高效工作三要素》，里面讲到高效工作的三个要素：第一个要素是快乐，第二个要素是激情，第三个要素是分享。其实说的都是主观的一种精神状态，如何才能把自己的积极性调动起来主动的去解决问题。这周看了《卓有成效的管理者》，则更是从方法论角度学习如何去提升有效解决问题的能力。</p>
<p>前几年我一直推崇GTD(Get Things Down)，也经常向朋友和同事推销。后来几年有所收敛，变得低调，并且不再到处宣传自己三脚猫的功夫。在生活中，在工作中，其实很多时间不是自己的，很多事情也不是自己做的，虽然它们看上去都是在自己手中“做掉”的。越是离开具体的技术工作，越是发现自己其实就像大海中的一篇浮舟，自身所具备的只是掌舵的能力，但是前进的方向却往往和目光所见有所不同。很多情景下，决策形成了一种模式，也可以理解为一种习惯，大多数情况下凭着经验做出的决定都是合适的，但这也可能恰恰成了阻碍自己继续提升的高墙，既阻挡了自己通往更广大世界的道路，也可能阻挡了他人前进的步伐。换句话说，我们可能做事很有效率，但不一定做对了。</p>
<p>想要做对一件事，必须先彻底理解它，或者说，在整个组织中如何才能做出自己的贡献。在做需求分析时，不仅仅需要真正理解需求是什么，更要理解为什么会产生这种需求，它更深层次的来源在哪里。理解它，并不一定能改变它，但至少保证不在自己身上产生更多的弯路。于是有效性就逐渐体现出来，先避免时间的浪费，避免产生更多的问题，然后才有时间去寻找根本的原因。当事项繁多时，如何把握重要问题的能力就显得越来越重要，虽然对于什么才是重要的事情也会有不同的理解。有的人会在忙碌的时候依然决定召开例会，因为这是制度，而有的人会选择先把事情做完后再来开会，因为会议的存在本身就是为了解决问题，当忙碌的原因是因为进度而非协调时，会议就可以省略。所以做对事情的前提是理解工作性质和内容，选择重要的事情做出有效的决策。而如何才能正确判断一件事情是否真正是重要的，却又成了问题。</p>
<p>在我看来，判断一件事情是否重要首先需要去判断这件事所带来的时间效应。我做这件事需要多少时间，这件事做完后，在后续的工作中会带来多少时间上的变化，是变多，还是变少。如果一个项目做完后，可以提升工作效率，也即节约很多工作时间，那么它应当是重要的。如果一个项目做完后，依旧需要耗费大量的时间在几乎同样的工作领域中，那它应当是失败的。当然，这多数是针对IT项目而言。我要开会做决策，如果这个会议决策仅仅带来一天时间的改进却需要耗费两天时间去开这个会议，那这就是无效的。但如果10分钟的会议就形成了同样的决策，那就是有效的。做很多项目，不论大的小的，道理是一样的。</p>
<p>如果一个团队不大，却耗费大量时间在协调上，那就是不够有效。</p>
<p>《卓有成效的管理者》将掌握时间放在了最前面，也至少说明一件事：我知道如何做出贡献，如何发挥长处，也知道决策的要素，但首先的，必然是对时间有深刻的认识。这个世界上只有时间是不可再生的一次性资源。所以，在管理上，如果不是仅仅管理自己的时间，那就在做出决策之前，包括在充分评估能够做出的贡献之前，先评估我是否会浪费他人的时间。想要有效管理，先从有效计划时间开始。</p>
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		<item>
		<title>《供应链管理流程标准》</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/orafans/~3/7hOYYCWyAk8/scm-procedure-standard.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.orafans.net/2011/11/scm-procedure-standard.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 19 Nov 2011 05:55:50 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zeeno</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Review]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.orafans.net/?p=847</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[如果说保障企业竞争力最有力的工具是流程，那么提高流程绩效的最有力工具便是标准。供应链管理好的公司，同时也是供应链管理流程最优的公司(可能不一定是行业最优)，这方面的绩效通常能给企业带来非常明显的成本节约。很多公司意识到了绩效考核的重要性，但在具体实施上却往往成了计分卡打勾专业户，一种为了形式上的绩效考核并没有带来流程实质性的提高，也就是没有提升绩效带来的结果。 CSCMP的《供应链管理流程标准》相当于IT服务管理领域的ITIL，每个公司都有适合于自己的最佳实践，但是《标准》尽可能脱离框框，它来源于供应链领域最前沿的理论和案例研究(尤其是那些在标杆管理和最佳案例研究方面领先公司)，是一套尽可能帮助企业度量现有流程的通用标准。 毫不夸张的说，这是一本所有从事SCM行业的人士必备参考用书。<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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</table>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>如果说保障企业竞争力最有力的工具是流程，那么提高流程绩效的最有力工具便是标准。供应链管理好的公司，同时也是供应链管理流程最优的公司(可能不一定是行业最优)，这方面的绩效通常能给企业带来非常明显的成本节约。很多公司意识到了绩效考核的重要性，但在具体实施上却往往成了计分卡打勾专业户，一种为了形式上的绩效考核并没有带来流程实质性的提高，也就是没有提升绩效带来的结果。</p>
<p><a href="http://www.orafans.net/2011/11/scm-procedure-standard.html/%e4%be%9b%e5%ba%94%e9%93%be%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e6%b5%81%e7%a8%8b%e6%a0%87%e5%87%86_small" rel="attachment wp-att-848"><img src="http://www.orafans.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/供应链管理流程标准_small.jpg" alt="" title="供应链管理流程标准_small" width="640" height="480" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-848" /></a></p>
<p>CSCMP的《供应链管理流程标准》相当于IT服务管理领域的ITIL，每个公司都有适合于自己的最佳实践，但是《标准》尽可能脱离框框，它来源于供应链领域最前沿的理论和案例研究(尤其是那些在标杆管理和最佳案例研究方面领先公司)，是一套尽可能帮助企业度量现有流程的通用标准。</p>
<p>毫不夸张的说，这是一本所有从事SCM行业的人士必备参考用书。</p>
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		<title>Oracle ERP将告别PL/SQL开发？</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/orafans/~3/UxxDnSBn4Gw/oracle-erp-bye-plsql.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.orafans.net/2011/10/oracle-erp-bye-plsql.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 20 Oct 2011 01:28:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zeeno</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Oracle ERP]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.orafans.net/?p=837</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Oracle ERP领域主要有三套产品：Oracle EBS，Fusion Applications，JDE，其中似乎已经明确的是，未来将只有Fusion Applications，原因可以参考去年的一篇文章。 从Oracle EBS 11.5.10开始就引入了OAF，该框架的业务逻辑基本上都是使用Java来开发，EBS 12中OAF得到了加强和完善。尽管如此，我们知道在EBS中绝大部分逻辑还是依靠PL/SQL来实现的，不论是Form、Reports还是Workflow，都是真正的Native PL/SQL。Fusion Applications中的开发框架是ADF，也是通过Java来开发。 有人统计过两个平台的PL/SQL包数量： -- Oracle EBS 12.1.3 -- SELECT COUNT(*) FROM DBA_OBJECTS WHERE OBJECT_TYPE = 'PACKAGE BODY' and owner not in ('SYS','SYSTEM'); COUNT(*) ---------------------- 47929 -- Oracle Fusion 11.1.1.5.1 -- SELECT COUNT(*) FROM DBA_OBJECTS WHERE OBJECT_TYPE = 'PACKAGE BODY' AND OWNER NOT IN ('SYS','SYSTEM'); COUNT(*) ---------------------- [...]<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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</table>]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Oracle ERP领域主要有三套产品：Oracle EBS，Fusion Applications，JDE，其中似乎已经明确的是，未来将只有Fusion Applications，原因可以参考去年的一篇<a href="http://www.orafans.net/2010/10/oracle-fusion-apps.html">文章</a>。</p>
<p>从Oracle EBS 11.5.10开始就引入了OAF，该框架的业务逻辑基本上都是使用Java来开发，EBS 12中OAF得到了加强和完善。尽管如此，我们知道在EBS中绝大部分逻辑还是依靠PL/SQL来实现的，不论是Form、Reports还是Workflow，都是真正的Native PL/SQL。Fusion Applications中的开发框架是ADF，也是通过Java来开发。</p>
<p><a href="http://andrieshanekom.blogspot.com/2011/10/oracle-fusion-applications-101-bye-bye.html">有人</a>统计过两个平台的PL/SQL包数量：</p>
<pre class="brush:sql">
-- Oracle EBS 12.1.3 --
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM DBA_OBJECTS
WHERE OBJECT_TYPE = 'PACKAGE BODY'
and owner not in ('SYS','SYSTEM');

COUNT(*)
----------------------
47929    

-- Oracle Fusion 11.1.1.5.1 --
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM DBA_OBJECTS
WHERE OBJECT_TYPE = 'PACKAGE BODY'
AND OWNER NOT IN ('SYS','SYSTEM');

COUNT(*)
----------------------
3677
</pre>
<p>不论是从开发框架角度(OAF/ADF)，还是从实际的PL/SQL包数量，都可以预示，Oracle在ERP领域的主要业务逻辑实现的天平将绝对的往Java方向倾斜。</p>
<p>记得曾经在哪里看到过Tom的一段论述，说的是真正优秀的数据库应用应当充分利用数据库本身的特性，如果是Oracle数据库应用，则应当充分使用PL/SQL来开发业务逻辑。不过现在看来，至少在Fusion Applications中，这个论述渐渐失效了。</p>
<p>常规意义的数据库系统已经无法阻挡应用系统强健的步伐了……</p>
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		<title>Oracle NoSQL Database</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/orafans/~3/HGMUNPECw78/oracle-nosql-database.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.orafans.net/2011/10/oracle-nosql-database.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Oct 2011 02:08:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zeeno</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Database]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.orafans.net/?p=832</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Oracle 终于放出了NoSQL Database的文档和二进制下载。 NoSQL并不意味着SQL或数据库的终结，而是关系型数据库的延伸。在Web2.0时代，技术人员需要扩展性更强的数据库系统以部署在众多的廉价（或昂贵）服务器上，传统的RDBMS并非最佳选择。Oralce已经拥有多款RDB产品，Oracle Database、MySQL、TimeTen等等，如今NoSQL Database的推出势必会将人们非关系型数据库的目光重新拉回Oracle身上。 可以预知的是，NoSQL Database必然会与MongoDB、SimpleDB、Bigtable、HBase之类不同，虽然也是Key-Value，但会重新定义Key-Value，之因为Oracle是霸道的搅局者，侵略者，同时也是领导者。 更多信息请访问Oracle NoSQL Database。<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Oracle 终于放出了<a href="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/nosqldb/overview/index.html">NoSQL Database</a>的文档和二进制下载。</p>
<p>NoSQL并不意味着SQL或数据库的终结，而是关系型数据库的延伸。在Web2.0时代，技术人员需要扩展性更强的数据库系统以部署在众多的廉价（或昂贵）服务器上，传统的RDBMS并非最佳选择。Oralce已经拥有多款RDB产品，Oracle Database、MySQL、TimeTen等等，如今NoSQL Database的推出势必会将人们非关系型数据库的目光重新拉回Oracle身上。</p>
<p><a href="http://www.orafans.net/2011/10/oracle-nosql-database.html/kvstorearchitecture" rel="attachment wp-att-833"><img src="http://www.orafans.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/KVStoreArchitecture.jpg" alt="" title="KVStoreArchitecture" width="359" height="348" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-833" /></a></p>
<p>可以预知的是，NoSQL Database必然会与MongoDB、SimpleDB、Bigtable、HBase之类不同，虽然也是Key-Value，但会重新定义Key-Value，之因为Oracle是霸道的搅局者，侵略者，同时也是领导者。</p>
<p>更多信息请访问<a href="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/nosqldb/overview/index.html">Oracle NoSQL Database</a>。</p>
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		<title>Sams Teach Yourself SAP in 24 Hours</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/orafans/~3/uilkqt2V5yI/sams-teach-yourself-sap-in-24-hours.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.orafans.net/2011/10/sams-teach-yourself-sap-in-24-hours.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 13 Oct 2011 08:53:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zeeno</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Review]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[虽然2nd版本已经拜读过，但是今年出了4th版，还是觉得重新“复习”一遍。 本书既然号称在24小时内教会你SAP，那自然不会存在哪个特别深入的专题。从SAP历史，到系统介绍；从业务人员的功能介绍，到IT人员的技术介绍，各个方面，可以快速对SAP形成相对完整的整体认识。和你从其他地方获取的零碎知识不同，这种完整的介绍可以保证概念和理解的正确，至少不至于偏差太多。很有一些人，初次同时接触Oracle和SAP时，常常会将两者很多概念和名词混淆，似是而非，不伦不类，尤其是ERP选型阶段对产品的理解，对方案的把握，真是贻害多多。 SAP方面我目前最喜欢的几本书中，一是《SAP德国造》，二是业务蓝图，其三就是这本24小时了。出发点不同，所获也不同，这本书的最大价值，就是让你快速形成正确的整体认识。 电子版临时下载点，不保证永远可用：<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>虽然2nd版本已经拜读过，但是今年出了<a href="http://book.douban.com/subject/6431881/">4th</a>版，还是觉得重新“复习”一遍。</p>
<p>本书既然号称在24小时内教会你SAP，那自然不会存在哪个特别深入的专题。从SAP历史，到系统介绍；从业务人员的功能介绍，到IT人员的技术介绍，各个方面，可以快速对SAP形成相对完整的整体认识。和你从其他地方获取的零碎知识不同，这种完整的介绍可以保证概念和理解的正确，至少不至于偏差太多。很有一些人，初次同时接触Oracle和SAP时，常常会将两者很多概念和名词混淆，似是而非，不伦不类，尤其是ERP选型阶段对产品的理解，对方案的把握，真是贻害多多。</p>
<p>SAP方面我目前最喜欢的几本书中，一是《<a href="http://book.douban.com/subject/1102041/">SAP德国造</a>》，二是业务蓝图，其三就是这本24小时了。出发点不同，所获也不同，这本书的最大价值，就是让你快速形成正确的整体认识。</p>
<p>电子版临时下载点，不保证永远可用：<br />
<iframe title ="Preview" scrolling="no" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" frameborder="0" style="width:200px;height:150px;padding:0;background-color:#fcfcfc;" src="https://skydrive.live.com/embedicon.aspx/.Public/SAP/Sams%20Teach%20Yourself%20SAP%20in%2024%20Hours%204th%20Edition.pdf?cid=4d57378c78cc8e3f&#038;sc=documents"></iframe></p>
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		<title>Large Page Size</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/orafans/~3/39yAY_oCfog/large-page-size.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.orafans.net/2011/09/large-page-size.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 05 Sep 2011 02:42:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zeeno</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Database]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.orafans.net/?p=806</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Oracle Database从10g开始就支持Windows平台的Large Page，该特性有助于更快的访问数据库buffer。11gR2的文档中指出在默认情况下，最小的large page size是16M，但事实上，有人统计出如下数据： SGA_TARGET Large Page Request Size 256M 4,194,304 512M 4,194,304 1G 4,194,304 1G + 1 byte 16,777,216 2G 16,777,216 4G 16,777,216 8G 16,777,216 8G + 1 byte 33,554,432 16G 33,554,432 32G 67,108,864 64G 134,217,728 64G + 1 byte 268,435,456 如果配置为large page support，在长时间运行的服务器上重新启动实例可能会出现如下错误： ORA-27102: out of memory OSD-00022: additional error information O/S-Error: [...]<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Oracle Database从10g开始就支持Windows平台的Large Page，该特性有助于更快的访问数据库buffer。11gR2的文档中指出在默认情况下，最小的large page size是16M，但事实上，<a href="http://hoopercharles.wordpress.com/2011/05/17/large-page-support-or-not-ora_lpenable-granule-size/">有人</a>统计出如下数据：</p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>SGA_TARGET</th>
<th>Large Page Request Size</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>256M</td>
<td>4,194,304</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>512M</td>
<td>4,194,304</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1G</td>
<td>4,194,304</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>1G + 1 byte</td>
<td>16,777,216</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2G</td>
<td>16,777,216</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>4G</td>
<td>16,777,216</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>8G</td>
<td>16,777,216</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>8G + 1 byte</td>
<td>33,554,432</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>16G</td>
<td>33,554,432</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>32G</td>
<td>67,108,864</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>64G</td>
<td>134,217,728</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>64G + 1 byte</td>
<td>268,435,456</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>如果配置为large page support，在长时间运行的服务器上重新启动实例可能会出现如下错误：</p>
<pre class="brush:sql">
ORA-27102: out of memory
OSD-00022: additional error information
O/S-Error: (OS 1450) Insufficient system resources exist to complete the requested service.
</pre>
<p>该问题，在微软的<a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa366720.aspx">Large-Page Support</a>介绍中已经描述过：当系统运行一段时间后，内存可能会形成碎片，此时将无法获取连续的内存空间。而large page，需要连续的内存空间。</p>
<p>解决办法有两种，一是将ORA_LPENABLE设置为0，取消large page support；二是重启服务器以清理内存碎片。</p>
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		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Sep 2011 01:40:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zeeno</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Oracle ERP]]></category>

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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>对于EBS的新版本——尤其是patch——跟进总是慢那么一拍两拍，因为这个可以理解的原因，竟然让我对12.1 RUP3的一个很小但很实用的新特性到现在才发现：利用BIP来自动发送并发请求输出。</p>
<p>有些场合下，因为报表安全性设置的缘故，往往不允许不同部门的人查看对方的并发请求，但是某些报表，却又没必要每个人都去跑一次，希望有一个统一的文件服务器来存放报表归档。另外一些场合，则是希望报表自动运行后将结果email给对方——曾经，为了这么一个简单的需求，我特意写了<a href="http://www.orafans.net/2008/10/plsqlmailer-27.html">plsqlmailer</a>这个工具。</p>
<p><a href="http://www.orafans.net/2011/09/oracle-ebs-r1213-report-delivery.html/request-delivery" rel="attachment wp-att-801"><img src="http://www.orafans.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/request-delivery.png" alt="" title="request-delivery" width="861" height="551" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-801" /></a></p>
<p>自动发送包含以下功能：</p>
<ol>
<li>IP打印机</li>
<li>Email &#8212; 需要配置匿名smtp server</li>
<li>网络传真</li>
<li>FTP</li>
</ol>
<p>发送的内容是并发请求的out文件，如本例的发送内容是o6023340.out 。</p>
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		<title>利用RMAN的增量备份快速同步Standby</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/orafans/~3/uR_ZiIaZjmM/resume-standby-by-rman-incremental.html</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 30 Aug 2011 05:59:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zeeno</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Database]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.orafans.net/?p=793</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[当因为某种原因(比如网络问题)导致Primary和Standby的Archive Gap多到一个难以追赶的数目时，为了节省时间，可能还不如重建Standby来的方便。此时可以使用RMAN的增量备份快速同步，将这个过程缩减到最小。 1，检查archive log sequence# --Primary SELECT MAX(sequence#) FROM v$archived_log; --Standby SELECT MAX(sequence#) FROM v$log_history; 如果数目相差巨大，请检查standby相关功能是否正常。 2，若功能正常，为了快速roll forward，先停止standby: SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel; 3，检查SCN: SQL> SELECT CURRENT_SCN FROM v$database; CURRENT_SCN ----------- 4143274 也可以通过使用recover standby database的错误提示来获取下一个SCN。暂时shutdown该库。 4，在Primary上进行差异备份 RMAN> backup incremental from scn 4143275 database format 'D:\stdby_%U.bkp'; SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as [...]<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>当因为某种原因(比如网络问题)导致Primary和Standby的Archive Gap多到一个难以追赶的数目时，为了节省时间，可能还不如重建Standby来的方便。此时可以使用RMAN的增量备份快速同步，将这个过程缩减到最小。</p>
<p>1，检查archive log sequence#</p>
<pre class="brush:sql">
--Primary
SELECT MAX(sequence#) FROM v$archived_log;
--Standby
SELECT MAX(sequence#) FROM v$log_history;
</pre>
<p>如果数目相差巨大，请检查standby相关功能是否正常。</p>
<p>2，若功能正常，为了快速roll forward，先停止standby:</p>
<pre class="brush:sql">
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
</pre>
<p>3，检查SCN:</p>
<pre class="brush:sql">
SQL> SELECT CURRENT_SCN FROM v$database;

CURRENT_SCN
-----------
    4143274
</pre>
<p>也可以通过使用recover standby database的错误提示来获取下一个SCN。暂时shutdown该库。</p>
<p>4，在Primary上进行差异备份</p>
<pre class="brush:sql">
RMAN> backup incremental from scn 4143275 database format 'D:\stdby_%U.bkp';
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as 'D:\stdby_test.ctl';
</pre>
<p>这一步是关键，从中断的SCN进行备份，并创建新的standby controlfile。</p>
<p>5，Copy到Standby机器上，并恢复。可以用catalog backuppiece导入新的备份文件。</p>
<pre class="brush:sql">
RMAN> catalog backuppiece 'D:\TEST_52ML9RRT_1_1.BKP';

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
cataloged backup piece
backup piece handle=D:\TEST_52ML9RRT_1_1.BKP RECID=126 STAMP=760542472

RMAN> catalog backuppiece 'D:\TEST_53ML9RTK_1_1.BKP';

cataloged backup piece
backup piece handle=D:\TEST_53ML9RTK_1_1.BKP RECID=127 STAMP=760542483

RMAN> recover database noredo;
</pre>
<p>先mount standby database，再做recover。</p>
<p>6，shutdown standby，然后替换standby controlfile。重新mount standby database，并开启日志应用。</p>
<pre class="brush:sql">
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
</pre>
<p>整个过程，唯一需要留意的就是获取正确的SCN。<br />
相关链接：<a href="http://www.dba-village.com/village/dvp_papers.PaperDetails?PaperIdA=5766">http://www.dba-village.com/village/dvp_papers.PaperDetails?PaperIdA=5766</a></p>
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		<item>
		<title>《失控》</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/orafans/~3/4Kdu43S5d-w/out-of-control.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.orafans.net/2011/08/out-of-control.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 28 Aug 2011 02:24:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zeeno</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Review]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.orafans.net/?p=789</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[《失控》成书于1994年，凯文·凯利在20年前就预料到今天的社会，在很多方面，可能今天的读者比20年前的人更能受到启发。 是的，启发。 回过头来看这本书，其实它仿佛并不是一本书，至少不是一本常规意义上的书，它是预言书，是严肃的哲学思考，是抒情散文，是数学定理。让我感到，用任何语言评论它都是多余的，于是仅随手摘录几点浓缩了的观点以做管窥： 在需要终极适应性的地方，就越需要失控的群件。放弃控制权，增加不确定，反而获得一种更稳定的平衡。 群体规律，往往来自于具备自适应能力的简单法则。复杂，来源于简单，越是复杂的系统，越是需要底层的简单。 要想洞悉一个系统所蕴藏的涌现结构，最快捷、最直接的也是唯一可靠的方法就是运行它。 与其费尽将任一功能最优化，不如使多数功能“足够好”，这才是大型系统的生存之道。 建立一个巨大的系统确实需要许多阶段，而这些阶段对于系统本身的运转并非必须。拇指让人类发展出了智能，但今天的人类可以离开拇指而思考。 …… 我认为《失控》所唯一传授的，便是大型系统建立、运行和生存之道。<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>《<a href="http://book.douban.com/subject/5375620/">失控</a>》成书于1994年，凯文·凯利在20年前就预料到今天的社会，在很多方面，可能今天的读者比20年前的人更能受到启发。</p>
<p>是的，启发。</p>
<p>回过头来看这本书，其实它仿佛并不是一本书，至少不是一本常规意义上的书，它是预言书，是严肃的哲学思考，是抒情散文，是数学定理。让我感到，用任何语言评论它都是多余的，于是仅随手摘录几点浓缩了的观点以做管窥：</p>
<ul>
<li>在需要终极适应性的地方，就越需要失控的群件。放弃控制权，增加不确定，反而获得一种更稳定的平衡。</li>
<li>群体规律，往往来自于具备自适应能力的简单法则。复杂，来源于简单，越是复杂的系统，越是需要底层的简单。</li>
<li>要想洞悉一个系统所蕴藏的涌现结构，最快捷、最直接的也是唯一可靠的方法就是运行它。</li>
<li>与其费尽将任一功能最优化，不如使多数功能“足够好”，这才是大型系统的生存之道。</li>
<li>建立一个巨大的系统确实需要许多阶段，而这些阶段对于系统本身的运转并非必须。拇指让人类发展出了智能，但今天的人类可以离开拇指而思考。</li>
<li>……</li>
</ul>
<p>我认为《失控》所唯一传授的，便是大型系统建立、运行和生存之道。</p>
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		<title>PHP和DRCP小记</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/orafans/~3/oCawsjuZU6U/php-drcp-tip.html</link>
		<comments>http://www.orafans.net/2011/08/php-drcp-tip.html#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 16 Aug 2011 03:33:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Zeeno</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Database]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.orafans.net/?p=779</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[(2007年就有了，只是最近涉及，才略有关注。是以记录之) 根据DRCP的技术白皮书介绍，凡是使用OCI, OCCI, JDBC, ODP.NET等方式进行连接的应用都可以充分利用DRCP功能，最为典型的，估计就是Apache+PHP之类单线程应用。 DRCP简单配置： BEGIN -- 通过DBMS_CONNECTION_POOL包配置默认的SYS_DEFAULT_CONNECTION_POOL DBMS_CONNECTION_POOL.CONFIGURE_POOL(POOL_NAME => NULL, MINSIZE => 10, MAXSIZE => 100, INCRSIZE => 2, SESSION_CACHED_CURSORS => 20, INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT => 300, MAX_THINK_TIME => 600, MAX_USE_SESSION => 500000, MAX_LIFETIME_SESSION => 86400); -- 启动。也可以略过上述配置直接启动默认连接池 DBMS_CONNECTION_POOL.START_POOL(); -- 停止 DBMS_CONNECTION_POOL.STOP_POOL(); END; 几张有用的视图： 1. DBA_CPOOL_INFO 连接池状态和配置信息 2. V$CPOOL_STATS 连接池统计信息 3. V$CPOOL_CC_STATS 连接池分类统计信息 再对TNSNAMES.ORA进行调整，加上SERVER=POOLED，表示连接到连接池而不是DEDICATED方式： MYAPP [...]<table class="wumii-related-items" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" border="0" width="100%" style="clear: both;">
    
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>(2007年就有了，只是最近涉及，才略有关注。是以记录之)</p>
<p>根据DRCP的<a href="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/oracledrcp11g-1-133381.pdf" target="_blank">技术白皮书</a>介绍，凡是使用OCI, OCCI, JDBC, ODP.NET<a href="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/index.html" target="_blank">等方式</a>进行连接的应用都可以充分利用DRCP功能，最为典型的，估计就是Apache+PHP之类单线程应用。<br />
<a href="http://www.orafans.net/2011/08/php-drcp-tip.html/cncpt312" rel="attachment wp-att-780"><img src="http://www.orafans.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/cncpt312.gif" alt="" title="cncpt312" width="465" height="513" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-780" /></a></p>
<p><strong>DRCP简单配置</strong>：</p>
<pre class="brush:sql">
BEGIN
  -- 通过DBMS_CONNECTION_POOL包配置默认的SYS_DEFAULT_CONNECTION_POOL
  DBMS_CONNECTION_POOL.CONFIGURE_POOL(POOL_NAME              => NULL,
                                      MINSIZE                => 10,
                                      MAXSIZE                => 100,
                                      INCRSIZE               => 2,
                                      SESSION_CACHED_CURSORS => 20,
                                      INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT     => 300,
                                      MAX_THINK_TIME         => 600,
                                      MAX_USE_SESSION        => 500000,
                                      MAX_LIFETIME_SESSION   => 86400);
  -- 启动。也可以略过上述配置直接启动默认连接池
  DBMS_CONNECTION_POOL.START_POOL();
  -- 停止
  DBMS_CONNECTION_POOL.STOP_POOL();
END;
</pre>
<p>几张有用的视图：<br />
1. DBA_CPOOL_INFO 连接池状态和配置信息<br />
2. V$CPOOL_STATS 连接池统计信息<br />
3. V$CPOOL_CC_STATS 连接池分类统计信息</p>
<p>再对TNSNAMES.ORA进行调整，加上<strong>SERVER=POOLED</strong>，表示连接到连接池而不是DEDICATED方式：</p>
<pre class="brush:text">
MYAPP =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = myapp.example.com)
      (SERVER=POOLED)
    )
)
</pre>
<p><strong>PHP简单配置</strong>：<br />
PHP需要启用php_oci8_11g这个extension，在php.ini有针对DRCP的配置项</p>
<pre class="brush:text">
; Connection: Set this to a user chosen connection class to be used
; for all pooled server requests with Oracle 11g Database Resident
; Connection Pooling (DRCP).  To use DRCP, this value should be set to
; the same string for all web servers running the same application,
; the database pool must be configured, and the connection string must
; specify to use a pooled server.
oci8.connection_class =MYPHP
</pre>
<p>connection_class用于区分连接分类，可以跨应用使用同一个分类。如果不指定connection_class，则系统会自动分配一个唯一标识，但这样会导致多个应用使用同样认证信息的情况下，会启用多个分类，无法共享session池。</p>
<p>Oracle给出了一个统计数据：假设每个session需要400K内存，每个服务器进程需要4M内存，连接池和shared server大小都是100，在5000个客户端连接的情况下，内存使用数据如下:<br />
Dedicated Server Memory used = 5000 X (400 KB + 4 MB) = 22 GB<br />
Shared Server Memory used = 5000 X 400 KB + 100 X 4 MB = 2.5 GB<br />
DRCP Memory used = 100 X (400 KB + 4 MB) + (5000 X 35KB)= 615 MB</p>
<p>在没有应用层连接池的环境下，启用DRCP是一个非常有益的尝试。</p>
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