The Book

Paper I- Basic Sciences Applied to Orthopaedics & Traumatology

Essay:                                                                                                                                    

1. Discuss in detail the anatomy and biomechanics of knee joint

Short Essays:                                                                                                 

2. Management of shock in Polytrauma
3. Blood Supply of femoral head over various age groups 
4. Tereparatide
5. Hand Space Infectons
6. Hugh Owen Thomas -Contributions to Orthopaedics
7. Nerve Conduction Studies
8. Reflex Sympathetic osteodystrophy
9. Epiphyseal injuries

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Paper II- Traumatology and Fractures

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Paper III- Orthopaedic Diseases

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Paper IV Recent Advances in Orthopaedics and Traumatology

 Essay                                                                                                                                           

1. Avascular necrosis of hip. Discuss recent trends in the management of AVN in stage I and stage II .

Short Essays:                                                                                                 

2. Portals in shoulder arthroscopy.
3. Newer options for cartilage defect management
4. Navigation in arthroplasty.
5. Vertebroplasty
6. Newer biological agents in treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
7. Knee arthrodesis past and present modalities
8. Bio-absorbable implants 
9. MRI in orthopaedics

The Book

Paper I – Basic Sciences Applied to Orthopaedics & Traumatology

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Paper II- Traumatology and Fractures

Essays:

1. Classify talus fracture and its clinical features. complications and discuss management.

Short Essays:                                                                                                                       

2. Kaplan lesion.
3. Pink pulseless hand.
4. Kyphoplasty
5. Hangman fracture.
6. Posterolateral instability of knee joint.
7. Floating knee injury.
8. Calcaneal fracture. 
9. Fracture lower end of radius. 

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Paper Ill- Orthopaedic Diseases

Essays:

1. 1.Write on Enneking and Dunham classification and discuss in detail pelvic bone malignant tumours.                                                                                                                                       Short Essays:         
2. HLA antigen.
3. XDR tuberculosts.
4. Haemophilic arthropathy
5. Myoelectric prosthesis
6. Fibrous dysplasia. 
7. Spondylosis 
8. Management of ulnar claw hand 
9. Brucellosis

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Paper IV – Recent Advances in Orthopaedics and Traumatology

PG Degree Examinations in Orthopaedics (MS) – January 2024

The Book

Paper I – Basic Sciences Applied to Orthopaedics & Traumatology

Essays: 

1. Aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of myositis ossificans

Short Essays:

2. Carpal tunnel syndrome 
3. Functional cast bracing
4. Ultrasound in orthopaedics
5. Ganz safe surgical dislocation of hip 
6. Tourniquet 
7. Bone Transport and Regenerate
8. Synovial fluid analysis 
9. Tranexamic acid 

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Paper II- Traumatology and Fractures

Essay:                                                                                                                                                (20)

1. Rotator cuff tear -Mechanism of injury, Classification, Diagnosis & Treatment.

https://orthopaedicprinciples.com/arthroscopic-rotator-cuff-repair/

https://orthopaedicprinciples.com/advances-in-rotatorcuff-management/

Short Essays:                                                                                                                        (8×10=80)

2. Holstein Lewis fracture
3. Syndesmotic injury
4. Autonomous bladder
5. Monteggia variants
6. Flexor tendon injuries
7. Vancouver classification of Periprosthetic fractures of hip-Elaborate on management,
8. Floating Knee
9. Perilunar dislocations 

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Paper Ill-Orthopaedic Diseases

Essay:                                                                                                                                             

1. How will you evaluate 8-year-old boy with painless limp. Enumerate differential diagnosis. Discuss management of developmental Dysplasia of Hip.

Short Essays:                                                                                                                     

2. Limb salvage surgery in malignant tumours around the knee.
3. Middle path regime in management of Pott’s spine.
4. Femoro-acetabular impingement. 
5. Gouty Arthritis. 
6. Halo Vest. 
7. Dupuytren’s contracture. 
8. Mid-flexion instability of knee in Total Knee Replacement
9. Cold abscess in spine. 

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Paper IV – Recent Advances in Orthopaedics and Traumatology           

Essay:                                                                                                                                  

1. Navigation assisted orthopaedic surgery. Add note on artificial intelligence and its future in orthopaedic surgery.

 Short Essays:                                                                                                      

2. 3D Printing in orthopaedics. 
3. Dual mobility Total Hip Replacement. 
4. Local antibiotic drug delivery systems in chronic osteomyelitis.
5. Osteogenesis Imperfecta-Recent trends in management.
6. Autologous chondrocyte transplantation 
7. Platelet Rich Plasma and its use in orthopaedics
8. Bone bank.
9. Anterolateral plating in distal tibia

The Book

Paper I – Basic Sciences Applied to Orthopaedics & Traumatology

Essays:                                                                                                                               

1. Infected nonunion of the distal third of tibia in 45-year-old chronic smoker and diabetic. Discuss the plan, managenent and its complications

Short Essays:                                                                              

2. Bone transport and regenerate
3. Lattismus dorsi
4. Wrist drop
5. Gun stock deformity 
6. SACH foot
7. Indomethacin
8. Paratharmone
9. Dial test

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 Paper II-Traumatology and Fractures

Essay:                                                                                                                                  

1. Classification, mechanism of injury, clinical features of traumatic knee dislocation. Describe the management & complication of Posterolateral dislocation of knee                                                                                                Short Essays: 
2. Kaplan’s lesion
3. Volar Barton’s fracture
4. Acromio clavicular joint dislocation Grade ll
5. Burst fracture L1
6. Trimalleolar fracture ankle
7. Hoffas fracture
8. O’ Donoghue triad
9. Neglected Tendoachilles Tear 

Paper III Orthopaedic Diseases

 Essay:                                                                                                                                              

1. Clinical features and management of osteosarcoma of distal femur in a 14-year- old male

Short Essays:                                                                                                                  

2. Erb’s palsy
3. Ganglion cyst 
4. PTB (Patellar Tendon Bearing) prosthesis
5. Gout
6. Congenital pseudoarthrosis of tibia
7. Brodie’s abscess
8. Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome
9. Clinical features, management and complications of L4/L5 Intervertebral disc prolapse 

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Paper IV- Recent Advances in Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Essay:                                                                                                                               

1. Haemophilic arthropathy of knee. Discuss the plan and management strategies for total joint replacement of knee in such a case.

Short Essays:

2. Blood flow restrictions in post-operative rehabilitation after Anterior cruciate ligament surgery
3. 3 D printing 
4. Rheumatoid arthritis: new concepts and medications
5. Visco supplementation in Osteoarthriis of knee
6. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty 
7. Bone bank
8. Advances in management of trochanteric fractures
9. Ponseti techniques 

The Book

Paper I – Basic Sciences Applied to Orthopaedics & Traumatology

Essays: 

1. Describe anatomy and function of articular cartilage. Discuss the management and complications of a 28-year male Foot- ball player with Grade III isolated 3 x3 cm osteochondral lesion of medial femoral condyle

Short Essays:  

2. Vitamin D
3. Long head of biceps
4. Complete claw hand
5. Genu valgum
6. Bohler Braun frame
7. Blood thinners & orthopaedic surgery
8. Trendelenberg gait
9. Clinical tests for DDH

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Paper II –  Traumatology and Fractures

Essay:  

1. Classification, mechanism of injury, clinical features of traumatic elbow dislocation. Describe management and complications of Postero lateral dislocation of elbow

Short Essays: 

2. Scaphoid fracture
3. Proximal humerus fracture
4. Masquelet technique
5. High ankle sprain
6. Schatzker type V and VI fractures
7. Flail chest
8. Tibial spine avulsions
9. Hamstring injury

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Paper III –  Orthopaedic Diseases

Essay:  

1. 25-year-old male sustained a twisting injury of his right He could not

continue the game as he developed immediate pain & knee swelling. He comes

to your Emergency Medicine. Describe how will you proceed to manage such a

case

Short Essays: 

2. Scurvy
3. Sprengel shoulder
4. Coxa vara
5. Congenital vertical talus
6. Haemophilic arthritis
7. Ewings sarcoma
8. Vertebra plana
9. Legg calve perthes disease

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Paper IV –  Recent Advances in Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Essay:  

1. What are musculoskeletal symptoms in Covid Describe post Covid consequences in musculoskeletal system and management, with a note on trends and challenges in post Covid orthopaedic trauma management in India (5+5+10)

Short Essays:  (8×10=80)

2. High tibial osteotomy
3. Lumbar and cervical visco elastic disc replacement
4. Floor reaction orthosis
5. Mobile bearing knee
6. All suture anchor
7. Antibiotic delivery system in periprosthetic joint infection

https://orthopaedicprinciples.com/prevention-of-infection-in-tkr/

8. Scaffold in rotator cuff surgery.
9. Fiber tape

The Book

Paper I – Basic Sciences Applied to Orthopaedics & Traumatology

Essays: 

1. Describe the physiological response after poly trauma and discuss in detail about damage control orthopaedics 

Short Essays: 

2. Anatomy of median nerve 
3. Stabilisers of knee joint 
4. Uric acid
5. Physiology of micturition
6. Isolation of organism after an infected arthroplasty 
7. Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatoid Drugs (DMARDS)
8. Parathormone  
9. Anatomy of atlanto-axial joint

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Paper II –  Traumatology and Fractures

Essay:  

1. Describe the aetiopathology, classification and management of fractures of proximal femur in children. Add a note on its complications.                                                                                                                                         Short Essays: 
2. Monteggia equivalents 
3. Intra-compartment pressure monitoring
4. Pronation-external rotation injury of ankle 
5. Triage 
6. Osteochondral fractures of talus 
7. Radiographic evaluation of upper cervical spine
8. Fat embolism
9. Radiological findings in Perthe’s disease 

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Paper III –  Orthopaedic Diseases

Essay:  

1. 50-year-old female with right Genu varum presents with pain & reduced activity of daily living for over 1 year. This has worsened following recent trauma.

However, she has good Range of movement of knee. Discuss the management

of such a case in detail

Short Essays:  

2. Rickets
3. Radioulnar synostosis 
4. Hallux valgus 
5. Pseudoarthrosis of tibia 
6. Osteopetrosis 
7. Giant Cell Tumor 
8. Frozen shoulder 
9. Suction socket prosthesis

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Paper IV –  Recent Advances in Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Essay: 

1. Discuss the management of painful total knee replacement. What are the issues involved in revision knee. What are the recent developments in total knee replacement.

Short Essays:  

2. Stem cells in orthopaedics

https://orthopaedicprinciples.com/orthobiologics-and-platelet-rich-plasma/

3. Safe surgical dislocation of hip 
4. Continuous passive motion (CPM)
5. Causes for aseptic loosening in arthroplasty and discuss about how to reduce it
6. Bone graft substitutes
7. Gait Lab
8. Myo-electric arm
9. Radio frequency ablation

The Book

Paper I – Basic Sciences Applied to Orthopaedics & Traumatology

Essays: 

1. Discuss the factors that influence bone healing after a fracture. What are the causes of non-union. Describe the radiological features.

Short Essays:  

2. Blood supply of talus
3. Structure of growth plate
4. Anatomy of flexor tendons and their sheaths in the index finger
5. Anatomy of the brachial plexus
6. Role of radiograph in diagnosis of causes of backache
7. Vitamin D metabolism
8. Fat embolism syndrome
9. Pathophysiology of acute Volkmann’s ischemia of the forearm

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Paper II –  Traumatology and Fractures

Essay: 

1. Discuss the classification, mechanism of injury and clinical features of hip

dislocations. Write on the management and complications of posterior dislocation

of hip joint in a young adult male.

Short Essays:  

2. Bennett’s fracture
3. Galeazzi’s fracture
4. Principles of management of an intra articular fracture
5. Lisfranc fracture
6. Write on the mechanism, clinical features, management and complications of terrible triad injury of elbow in a young adult
7. Classification and complications of an open fracture
8. Management of thoracolumbar burst fractures
9. Epiphyseal injury

Paper III –  Orthopaedic Diseases

Essay:  

1. Discuss the static and dynamic stabilisers of shoulder joint. Describe the current concepts in management of recurrent shoulder dislocation with and without glenoid bone loss

Short Essays:  

2. Tarsal Coalition
3. Skew foot.
4. Flat foot
5. Painful arc syndrome
6. Radial club hand
7. Intrinsic plus hand
8. Metatarsus adductus
9. Meralgia paraesthetica

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Paper IV –  Recent Advances in Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Essay:  

1. Discuss the bearing surfaces in total hip arthroplasty with notes on the current concepts.

Short Essays:  

2. Articular cartilage restoration techniques
3. Growing rod
4. Kyphoplasty
5. Platelet rich plasma in orthopaedics
6. Meniscal repair
7. Direct anterior approach in total hip replacement arthroplasty
8. Tranexamic acid
9. Recent advances in the treatment of unstable extracapsular fractures of the proximal femur

The Book

Paper I – Basic Sciences Applied to Orthopaedics & Traumatology

Essay:  

1. Surgical anatomy of a synovial Describe the etiopathology, clinical features and management of osteoarthritis knee.

Short Essays:

2. Electromyography
3. Principles of a Randomised Control Trial.
4. Fat embolism
5. Rifampicin
6. Pre-operative antibiotic prophylaxis
7. Anti CCP Elisa test
8. Lateral collateral ligament of ankle
9. Allograft in orthopaedics

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Paper II –  Traumatology and Fractures

Essay:  

1. Write on the classification, clinical features, management and complications of

proximal humerus fracture in a young adult male.

Short Essays:

4. External fixation
5. Monteggiafracture
6. Principles of management of an osteoporotic fracture
7. Hangman’s fracture
8. Calcaneal fracture
9. Classification and complications of pelvic fracture
10. Management of post traumatic nerve palsy
11. Zone 2 flexor tendon injury   – https://orthopaedicprinciples.com/flexor-tendon-zones-of-the-hand/ 

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Paper III –  Orthopaedic Diseases

Essay:  

1. What do you mean by ‘gout’ & ‘pseudo gout’. Discuss the clinical features and management of gouty arthritis

Short Essays: 

2. Nutritional rickets
3. Milwaukee brace
4. Management of spastic diplegia in cerebral palsy
5. Classification of bone tumours
6. Diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis
7. Stulberg’s classification
8. Ankle foot orthosis
9. Differential diagnosis of painful arc syndrome

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Paper IV –  Recent Advances in Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Essay:  

1. Discuss the diagnosis, clinical scoring and management of CTEV 

Short Essays:

2. Titanium elastic nailing (TENS)
3. Ceramics in orthopaedics
4. Navigation in arthroplasty
5. Femoro-acetabular impingement
6. Percutaneousfixationinpelvi-acetabular fractures
7. Bed sore
8. Meniscal repair
9. Peri prosthetic fractures

The Book

Paper I – Basic Sciences Applied to Orthopaedics & Traumatology

Essay:                                                                                                             

1. What do you mean by ante-version of the femoral neck. How do you determine clinically and radiologically the degree of ante-version of the femoral neck. Discuss its importance in management of developmental dysplasia of the hip in a child aged 5 years.

Short Essays:                                                                                                  

2. Autonomic bladder
3. Arches of the foot
4. Microscopic structure of articular cartilage
5. Second line drugs used rheumatoid arthritis and their mechanism of action
6. Pathology and differential diagnosis of frozen shoulder
7. Calcium balance in the body
8. Anatomy of the lumbar intervertebral disc
9. Normal gait cycle

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Paper II –  Traumatology and Fractures

Essay:                                                                                                                         

1. What are the stabilizers of the acromioclavicular joint. Discuss acute

acromioclavicular dislocations. What are the management options in an old

neglected acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

Short Essays:

2. Classification systems for open fractures 
3. Pink pulseless hand
4. Differences between spinal shock and neurogenic shock
5. Far cortical locking
6. Soft tissue injury
7. Atypical femoral fractures
8. Pilon fractures
9. Triangular fibrocartilage injury

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Paper III –  Orthopaedic Diseases

Essay: 

1. Define cervical rib. What are the different types of cervical ribs. Discuss their

pathology in relation to the clinical features. How would you treat a case of

symptomatic cervical rib.

Short Essays:

2. Investigative modalities to assess the severity of osteoporosis
3. Management of relapsed clubfoot
4. Below knee prosthesis
5. Baker’s cyst
6. Deformities due to iliotibial band contracture
7. Carpal tunnel syndrome
8. Rheumatoid hand
9. Wind-swipe deformity

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Paper IV –  Recent Advances in Orthopaedics and Traumatology

Essay:  (20)

1. Describe early onset Scoliosis. How do you manage a 5-year-old girl with idiopathic early onset scoliosis. 

Short Essays: 

2. Open magnetic resonance imaging
3. Teriparatide
4. Stem cells in spinal cord injury
5. Autologous chondrocyte transplantation
6. Gene therapy in fracture healing
7. Safe surgical dislocation
8. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty
9. Role of arthroscopy in disorders of wrist