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<span class="entry-categories entry-categories-l"><span class="entry-categories-inner"><span class="entry-categories-label">in</span> <a href="https://oumma.com/categorie/societe/politique-lois/" class="entry-category entry-category-item-18197"><span itemprop="articleSection">Politique</span></a>, <a href="https://oumma.com/categorie/societe/" class="entry-category entry-category-item-245"><span itemprop="articleSection">Société</span></a></span></span></div><h1 class="g1-mega g1-mega-1st entry-title" itemprop="headline">ARTICLES ORGANIQUES de la Convention du 26 Messidor an IX</h1><p class="g1-meta g1-meta-m entry-meta entry-meta-m">
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<time class="entry-date" datetime="2005-12-01T19:54:00+02:00" itemprop="datePublished">1 décembre, 2005, 19 h 54 min</time>					</span><span class="entry-stats entry-stats-m">
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        .oumma-tldr-wrapper li { margin-bottom: 8px; font-size: 0.95em; line-height: 1.5; }</style><div class="oumma-tldr-wrapper"><p class="oumma-tldr-summary">Les ARTICLES ORGANIQUES régissent les relations entre l'Église catholique et l'État français, établissant des contrôles gouvernementaux sur le culte.</p><p class="oumma-tldr-title"><strong>Pourquoi lire cet article :</strong></p><ul><li>Comprendre le cadre légal de l'Église catholique en France post-révolution.</li><li>Analyser l'impact de ces articles sur la liberté religieuse et l'autorité de l'État.</li></ul></div><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">ARTICLES ORGANIQUES de la Convention du 26 Messidor an IX</strong></p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">TITRE I.er</strong></p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">Du régime de l’Église catholique dans ses rapports généraux avec les droits et la police de l’État.</i></p><p class="spip">ART I.er Aucune bulle, bref, rescrit, décret, mandat, provision, signature servant de provision, ni autres expéditions de la cour de Rome, même ne concernant que les particuliers, ne pourront être reçues, publiées, imprimées, ni autrement mises à exécution, sans l’autorisation du Gouvernement.</p><p class="spip">II. Aucun individu se disant nonce, légat, vicaire ou commissaire apostolique, ou se prévalant de toute autre dénomination, ne pourra, sans la même autorisation, exercer sur le sol français ni ailleurs, aucune fonction relative aux affaires de l’Eglise gallicane.</p><p class="spip">III. Les décrets des synodes étrangers, même ceux des conciles généraux, ne pourront être publiés en France, avant que le Gouvernement en ait examiné la forme, leur conformité avec les lois, droits et franchises de la République française, et tout ce qui, dans leur publication, pourrait altérer ou intéresser la tranquillité publique.</p><p class="spip">IV. Aucun concile national ou métropolitain, aucun synode diocésain, aucune assemblée délibérante n’aura lieu sans la permission expresse du Gouvernement.</p><p class="spip">V. Toutes les fonctions ecclésiastiques seront gratuites, sauf les oblations qui seraient autorisées et fixées par la règlements.</p><p class="spip">VI. Il y aura recours au conseil d’état, dans tous les cas d’abus de la part des supérieurs et autres personnes ecclésiastiques.</p><p class="spip">Les cas d’abus sont, l’usurpation ou l’excès de pouvoir, la contravention aux lois et règlements de la République, l’infraction des règles consacrées par les canons reçus en France, l’attentat aux libertés, franchises et coutumes de l’Eglise gallicane, et toute entreprise ou tout procédé qui, dans l’exercice du culte, peut compromettre l’honneur des citoyens, troubler arbitrairement leur conscience, dégénérer contre eux en oppression, ou en injure, ou en scandale public.</p><p class="spip">VII. Il y aura pareillement recours au conseil d’état, s’il est porté atteinte à l’exercice du culte et à la liberté que les lois et les règlements garantissent à ses ministres.</p><p class="spip">VIII. Le recours compétera à toute personne intéressée. A défaut de plainte particulière, il sera exercé d’office par les préfets.</p><p class="spip">Le fonctionnaire public, l’ecclésiastique ou la personne qui voudra exercer ce recours, adressera un mémoire détaillé et signé, au conseiller d’état chargé de toutes les affaires concernant les cultes, lequel sera tenu de prendre, dans le plus court délai, tous les renseignements convenables ; et, sur son rapport, l’affaire sera suivie et définitivement terminée dans la forme administrative, ou renvoyée, selon l’exigence des cas, aux autorités compétentes.</p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">TITRE II.</strong>  <i class="spip"> Des Ministres.</i></p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">SECTION PREMIÈRE.</i>  <i class="spip"> Dispositions générales.</i></p><p class="spip">IX. Le culte catholique sera exercé sous la direction des archevêques et évêques dans leurs diocèses, et sous celle des curés dans leurs paroisses.</p><p class="spip">X. Tout privilège portant exemption ou attribution de la juridiction épiscopale, est aboli.</p><p class="spip">XI. Les archevêques et évêques pourront, avec l’autorisation du Gouvernement, établir dans leurs diocèses des chapitres cathédraux et des séminaires. Tous autres établissements ecclésiastiques sont supprimés.</p><p class="spip">XII. Il sera libre aux archevêques et évêques d’ajouter à leur nom le titre de Citoyen ou celui de Monsieur. Toutes autres qualifications sont interdites.</p><p class="spip"><i class="spip"> <strong class="spip">SECTION II.</strong></p><p class="spip">Des Archevêques ou Métropolitains.</i></p><p class="spip">XIII. Les archevêques consacreront et installeront leurs suffragants. En cas d’empêchement ou de refus de leur part, ils seront suppléés par le plus ancien évêque de l’arrondissement métropolitain.</p><p class="spip">XIV. Ils veilleront au maintien de la foi et de la discipline dans les diocèses dépendants de leur métropole.</p><p class="spip">XV. Ils connaîtront des réclamations et des plaintes portées contre la conduite et les décisions des évêques suffragants.</p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">SECTION III.</strong></p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">Des Évêques, des Vicaires généraux et des Séminaires.</i></p><p class="spip">XVI. On ne pourra être nommé évêque avant l’âge de trente ans, et si on n’est originaire Français.</p><p class="spip">XVII. Avant l’expédition de l’arrêté de nomination, celui ou ceux qui seront proposés, seront tenus de rapporter une attestation de bonne vie et mœurs, expédiée par l’évêque dans le diocèse duquel ils auront exercé les fonctions du ministère ecclésiastique ; et ils seront examinés sur leur doctrine par un évêque et deux prêtres, qui seront commis par le premier Consul, lesquels adresseront le résultat de leur examen au conseiller d’état chargé de toutes les affaires concernant les cultes.</p><p class="spip">XVIII. Le prêtre nommé par le premier Consul fera les diligences pour rapporter l’institution du Pape.</p><p class="spip">Il ne pourra exercer aucune fonction avant que la bulle portant son institution ait reçu l’attache du Gouvernement, et qu’il ait prêté en personne le serment prescrit par la convention passée entre le Gouvernement français et le Saint-Siége.</p><p class="spip">Ce serment sera prêté au premier Consul ; il en sera dressé procès-verbal par le secrétaire d’état.</p><p class="spip">XIX. Les évêques nommeront et institueront les curés. Néanmoins ils ne manifesteront leur nomination, et ils ne donneront l’institution canonique, qu’après que cette nomination aura été agréée par le premier Consul.</p><p class="spip">XX. Ils seront tenus de résider dans leurs diocèses ; ils ne pourront en sortir qu’avec la permission du premier Consul.</p><p class="spip">XXI. Chaque évêque pourra nommer deux vicaires généraux, et chaque archevêque pourra en nommer trois ; ils les choisiront parmi les prêtres ayant les qualités requises pour être évêques.</p><p class="spip">XXII. Ils visiteront annuellement et en personne une partie de leur diocèse, et, dans l’espace de cinq ans, le diocèse entier.</p><p class="spip">En cas d’empêchement légitime, la visite sera faite par un vicaire général.</p><p class="spip">XXIII. Les évêques seront chargés de l’organisation de leurs séminaires, et les règlements de cette organisation seront soumis à l’approbation du premier Consul.</p><p class="spip">XXIV. Ceux qui seront choisis pour l’enseignement dans les séminaires, souscriront la déclaration faite par le clergé de France en I682, et publiée par un édit de la même année ; ils se soumettront à y enseigner la doctrine qui y est contenue, et les évêques adresseront une expédition en forme, de cette soumission, au conseiller d’état chargé de toutes les affaires concernant les cultes.</p><p class="spip">XXV. Les évêques enverront, toutes les années, à ce conseiller d’état, le nom des personnes qui étudieront dans les séminaires et qui se destineront à l’état ecclésiastique.</p><p class="spip">XXVI. Ils ne pourront ordonner aucun ecclésiastique, s’il ne justifie d’une propriété produisant au moins un revenu annuel de trois cents francs, s’il n’a atteint l’âge de vingt-cinq ans, et s’il ne réunit les qualités requises par les canons reçus en France.</p><p class="spip">Les évêques ne feront aucune ordination avant que le nombre des personnes à ordonner ait été soumis au Gouvernement et par lui agréé.  <strong class="spip"></p><p class="spip">SECTION IV.</strong></p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">Des Curés.</i></p><p class="spip">XXVII. Les curés ne pourront entrer en fonctions qu’après avoir prêté, entre les mains du préfet, le serment prescrit par la convention passée entre le Gouvernement et le Saint-Siége. Il sera dressé procès-verbal de cette prestation, par le secrétaire général de la préfecture, et copie collationnée leur en sera délivrée.</p><p class="spip">XXVIII. Ils seront mis en possession par le curé ou le prêtre que l’évêque désignera.</p><p class="spip">XXIX. Ils seront tenus de résider dans leurs paroisses.</p><p class="spip">XXX. Les curés seront immédiatement soumis aux évêques dans l’exercice de leurs fonctions.</p><p class="spip">XXXI. Les vicaires et desservants exerceront leur ministère, sous la surveillance et la direction des curés.</p><p class="spip">Ils seront approuvés par l’évêque et révocables par lui.</p><p class="spip">XXXII. Aucun étranger ne pourra être employé dans les fonctions du ministère ecclésiastique, sans la permission du Gouvernement.</p><p class="spip">XXXIII. Toute fonction est interdite à tout ecclésiastique, même français, qui n’appartient à aucun diocèse.</p><p class="spip">XXXIV. Un prêtre ne pourra quitter son diocèse pour aller desservir dans un autre, sans la permission de son évêque.</p><p class="spip">SECTION V.</p><p class="spip">Des Chapitres cathédraux, et du gouvernement des Diocèses pendant la vacance du Siège.</p><p class="spip">XXXV. Les archevêques et évêques qui voudront user de la faculté qui leur est donnée d’établir des chapitres, ne pourront le faire sans avoir rapporté l’autorisation du Gouvernement, tant pour l’établissement lui-même, que pour le nombre et le choix des ecclésiastiques destinés à les former.</p><p class="spip">XXXVI. Pendant la vacance des sièges, il sera pourvu par le métropolitain, et, à son défaut, par le plus ancien des évêques suffragants, au gouvernement des diocèses.</p><p class="spip">Les vicaires généraux de ces diocèses continueront leurs fonctions, même après la mort de l’évêque, jusqu’à son remplacement.</p><p class="spip">XXXVII. Les métropolitains, les chapitres cathédraux seront tenus, sans délai, de donner avis au Gouvernement de la vacance des sièges, et des mesures qui auront été prises pour le gouvernement des diocèses vacants.</p><p class="spip">XXXVIII. Les vicaires généraux qui gouverneront pendant la vacance, ainsi que les métropolitains ou capitulaires, ne se permettront aucune innovation dans les usages et coutumes des diocèses.</p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">TITRE III.</strong>  <i class="spip"> Du Culte.</i></p><p class="spip">XXXIX. Il n’y aura qu’une liturgie et un catéchisme pour toutes les Eglises catholiques de France.</p><p class="spip">XL. Aucun curé ne pourra ordonner des prières publiques extraordinaires dans sa paroisse, sans la permission spéciale de l’évêque.</p><p class="spip">XLI. Aucune fête, à l’exception du dimanche, ne pourra être établie sans la permission du Gouvernement.</p><p class="spip">XLII. Les ecclésiastiques useront, dans les cérémonies religieuses, des habits et ornements convenables à leur titre ; ils ne pourront, dans aucun cas, ni sous aucun prétexte, prendre la couleur et les marques distinctives réservées aux évêques.</p><p class="spip">XLIII. Tous les ecclésiastiques seront habillés à la française et en noir.</p><p class="spip">XLIV. Les chapelles domestiques, les oratoires particuliers, ne pourront être établis sans une permission expresse du Gouvernement, accordée sur la demande de l’évêque.</p><p class="spip">XLV. Aucune cérémonie religieuse n’aura lieu hors des édifices consacrés au culte catholique, dans les villes où il y a des temples destinés à différents cultes.</p><p class="spip">XLVI. Le même temple ne pourra être consacré qu’à un même culte.</p><p class="spip">XLVII. Il y aura, dans les cathédrales et paroisses, une place distinguée pour les individus catholiques qui remplissent les autorités civiles et militaires.</p><p class="spip">XLVIII. L’évêque se concertera avec le préfet pour régler la manière d’appeler les fidèles au service divin par le son des cloches. On ne pourra les sonner pour toute autre cause, sans la permission de la police locale.</p><p class="spip">XLIX. Lorsque le Gouvernement ordonnera des prières publiques, les évêques se concerteront avec le préfet et le commandant militaire du lieu, pour le jour, l’heure et le mode d’exécution de ces ordonnances.</p><p class="spip">L. Les prédications solennelles appelées sermons, et celles connues sous le nom de stations de l’avent et du carême, ne seront faites que par des prêtres qui en auront obtenu une autorisation spéciale de l’évêque.</p><p class="spip">LI. Les curés, aux prônes des messes paroissiales, prieront et feront prier pour la prospérité de la République française et pour les Consuls.</p><p class="spip">LII. Ils ne se permettront dans leurs instructions, aucune inculpation directe ou indirecte, soit contre les personnes, soit contre les autres cultes autorisés dans l’État.</p><p class="spip">LIII. Ils ne feront au prône aucune publication étrangère à l’exercice du culte, si ce n’est celles qui seront ordonnées par le Gouvernement.</p><p class="spip">LIV. Ils ne donneront la bénédiction nuptiale qu’à ceux qui justifieront, en bonne et due forme, avoir contracté mariage devant l’officier civil.</p><p class="spip">LV. Les registres tenus par les ministres du culte, n’étant et ne pouvant être relatifs qu’à l’administration des sacrements, ne pourront, dans aucun cas, suppléer les registres ordonnés par la loi pour constater l’état civil des Français.</p><p class="spip">LVI. Dans tous les actes ecclésiastiques et religieux, on sera obligé de se servir du calendrier d’équinoxe établi par les lois de la République ; on désignera les jours par les noms qu’ils avaient dans le calendrier des solstices.</p><p class="spip">LVII. Le repos des fonctionnaires publics sera fixé au dimanche.</p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">TITRE IV.</strong></p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">De la circonscription des Archevêchés, des Évêchés et des Paroisses ; des édifices destinés au Culte, et du traitement des Ministres.</i></p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">SECTION Ire</strong></p><p class="spip">De la circonscription des Archevêchés et des Évêchés. LVIII. Il y aura en France dix archevêchés ou métropoles et cinquante évêchés.  LIX. La circonscription des métropoles et des diocèses sera faite conformément au tableau ci-joint.  <strong class="spip"> SECTION II.</strong>  <i class="spip"> De la circonscription des Paroisses.</i></p><p class="spip">LX. Il y aura au moins une paroisse dans chaque justice de paix.</p><p class="spip">Il sera, en outre, établi autant de succursales que le besoin pourra l’exiger.</p><p class="spip">LXI. Chaque évêque, de concert avec le préfet, réglera le nombre et l’étendue de ces succursales. Les plans arrêtés seront soumis au Gouvernement, et ne pourront être mis à exécution sans son autorisation.</p><p class="spip">LXII. Aucune partie du territoire français ne pourra être érigée en cure ou en succursale, sans l’autorisation expresse du Gouvernement.</p><p class="spip">LXIII. Les prêtres desservant les succursales sont nommés par les évêques.</p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">SECTION III.</strong></p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">Du traitement des Ministres.</i></p><p class="spip">LXIV. Le traitement des archevêques sera de 15 , 000 fr.</p><p class="spip">LXV. Le traitement des évêques sera de 10 , 000 fr.</p><p class="spip">LXVI. Les curés seront distribués en deux classes.</p><div class="adace-slot-wrapper adace-middle-content adace-align-center adace-slot-wrapper-main adace-hide-on-mobile adace-hide-on-tablet" style="text-align:center;"><div class="adace-disclaimer"><div style="background-color: #e6e6e6;color: black;font-size: 12px;font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">Publicité</div></div><div class="adace-slot"><div class="adace_ad_6ab8480a148d9">
<iframe id='aa7d0022' name='aa7d0022' src='https://pub.oumma.com/www/delivery/afr.php?zoneid=6&amp;cb=INSERT_RANDOM_NUMBER_HERE' frameborder='0' scrolling='no' width='600' height='300' allow='autoplay'><a href='https://pub.oumma.com/www/delivery/ck.php?n=af2be0f1&amp;cb=INSERT_RANDOM_NUMBER_HERE' target='_blank'><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSI2MDAiIGhlaWdodD0iMzAwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgNjAwIDMwMCI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgZmlsbD0iI2NmZDRkYiIvPjwvc3ZnPg==" data-src='https://pub.oumma.com/www/delivery/avw.php?zoneid=6&amp;cb=INSERT_RANDOM_NUMBER_HERE&amp;n=af2be0f1' border='0' alt=''  width="600" height="300" /></a></iframe></div></div></div><div class="adace-slot-wrapper adace-middle-content adace-align-center adace-hide-on-tablet adace-hide-on-desktop" style="text-align:center;"><div class="adace-disclaimer"><div style="background-color: #e6e6e6;color: black;font-size: 12px;font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">Publicité</div></div><div class="adace-slot"><div class="adace_ad_6ab8480a14c28">
<iframe id='a60fc41c' name='a60fc41c' src='https://pub.oumma.com/www/delivery/afr.php?zoneid=5&amp;cb=INSERT_RANDOM_NUMBER_HERE' frameborder='0' scrolling='no' width='300' height='600' allow='autoplay'><a href='https://pub.oumma.com/www/delivery/ck.php?n=a048f575&amp;cb=INSERT_RANDOM_NUMBER_HERE' target='_blank'><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iNjAwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMzAwIDYwMCI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgZmlsbD0iI2NmZDRkYiIvPjwvc3ZnPg==" data-src='https://pub.oumma.com/www/delivery/avw.php?zoneid=5&amp;cb=INSERT_RANDOM_NUMBER_HERE&amp;n=a048f575' border='0' alt=''  width="300" height="600" /></a></iframe></div></div></div><div class="adace-slot-wrapper adace-middle-content adace-align-center adace-hide-on-mobile adace-hide-on-desktop" style="text-align:center;"><div class="adace-disclaimer"><div style="background-color: #e6e6e6;color: black;font-size: 12px;font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">Publicité</div></div><div class="adace-slot"><div class="adace_ad_6ab8480a14de7">
<iframe id='a60fc41c' name='a60fc41c' src='https://pub.oumma.com/www/delivery/afr.php?zoneid=5&amp;cb=INSERT_RANDOM_NUMBER_HERE' frameborder='0' scrolling='no' width='300' height='600' allow='autoplay'><a href='https://pub.oumma.com/www/delivery/ck.php?n=a048f575&amp;cb=INSERT_RANDOM_NUMBER_HERE' target='_blank'><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMDAiIGhlaWdodD0iNjAwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMzAwIDYwMCI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgZmlsbD0iI2NmZDRkYiIvPjwvc3ZnPg==" data-src='https://pub.oumma.com/www/delivery/avw.php?zoneid=5&amp;cb=INSERT_RANDOM_NUMBER_HERE&amp;n=a048f575' border='0' alt=''  width="300" height="600" /></a></iframe></div></div></div><p class="spip">Le traitement des curés de la première classe sera porté à 1 , 500 francs, celui des curés de la seconde classe à 1 , 000 francs.</p><p class="spip">LXVII. Les pensions dont ils jouissent en exécution des lois de l’Assemblée constituante, seront précomptées sur leur traitement.</p><p class="spip">Les conseils généraux des grandes communes pourront, sur leurs biens ruraux ou sur leurs octrois, leur accorder une augmentation de traitement, si les circonstances l’exigent.</p><p class="spip">LXVIII. Les vicaires et desservants seront choisis parmi les ecclésiastiques pensionnés en exécution des lois de l’Assemblée constituante.</p><p class="spip">Le montant de ces pensions et le produit des oblations formeront leur traitement.</p><p class="spip">LXIX. Les évêques rédigeront les projets de règlement relatifs aux oblations que les ministres du culte sont autorisés à recevoir pour l’administration des sacrements. Les projets de règlement rédigés par les évêques, ne pourront être publiés, ni autrement mis à exécution, qu’après avoir été approuvés par le Gouvernement.</p><p class="spip">LXX. Tout ecclésiastique pensionnaire de l’État sera privé de sa pension, s’il refuse, sans cause légitime, les fonctions qui pourront lui être confiées.</p><p class="spip">LXXI. Les conseils généraux de département sont autorisés à procurer aux archevêques et évêques un logement convenable.</p><p class="spip">LXXII. Les presbytères et les jardins attenants, non aliénés, seront rendus aux curés et aux desservants des succursales. A défaut de ces presbytères, les conseils généraux des communes sont autorisés à leur procurer un logement et un jardin.</p><p class="spip">LXXIII. Les fondations qui ont pour objet l’entretien des ministres et l’exercice du culte, ne pourront consister qu’en rentes constituées sur l’État : elles seront acceptées par l’évêque diocésain, et ne pourront être exécutées qu’avec l’autorisation du Gouvernement.</p><p class="spip">LXXIV. Les immeubles, autres que les édifices destinés au logement et les jardins attenants, ne pourront être affectés à des titres ecclésiastiques, ni possédés par les ministres du culte, à raison de leurs fonctions.</p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">SECTION IV.</strong>  <i class="spip"> Des édifices destinés au culte.</i></p><p class="spip">LXXV.  Les édifices anciennement destinés au culte catholique, actuellement entre les mains de la nation, à raison d’un édifice par cure et par succursale seront remis à la disposition des évêques par arrêté du préfet du département.</p><p class="spip">Une expédition de ces arrêtés sera adressée au conseiller d’Etat chargé de toutes les affaires concernant les cultes.</p><p class="spip">LXXVI. Il sera établi des fabriques pour veiller à l’entretien et à la conservation des temples, à l’administration des aumônes.</p><p class="spip">LXXVII. Dans les paroisses où il n’y aura pas d’édifice disponible pour le culte, l’évêque se concertera avec le préfet pour la désignation d’un édifice convenable.</p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">ARTICLES ORGANIQUES des Cultes protestants.</strong></p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">TITRE Ier</strong></p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">Dispositions générales pour toutes les Communions protestantes.</i></p><p class="spip">ART. Ier Nul ne pourra exercer les fonctions du culte, s’il n’est Français.</p><p class="spip">II. Les Eglises protestantes, ni leurs ministres, ne pourront avoir des relations avec aucune puissance ni autorité étrangère.</p><p class="spip">III. Les pasteurs et ministres des diverses communions protestantes prieront et feront prier, dans la récitation de leurs offices, pour la prospérité de la République française et pour les Consuls.</p><p class="spip">IV. Aucune décision doctrinale ou dogmatique, aucun formulaire, sous le titre de confession ou sous tout autre titre, ne pourront être publiés ou devenir la matière de l’enseignement, avant que le Gouvernement en ait autorisé la publication ou promulgation.</p><p class="spip">V. Aucun changement dans la discipline n’aura lieu sans la même autorisation.</p><p class="spip">VI. Le conseil d’état connaîtra de toutes les entreprises des ministres du culte, et de toutes dissensions qui pourront s’élever entre ces ministres.</p><p class="spip">VII. Il sera pourvu au traitement des pasteurs des Eglises consistoriales, bien entendu qu’on imputera sur ce traitement les biens que ces Eglises possèdent, et le produit des oblations établies par l’usage ou par des règlements.</p><p class="spip">VIII. Les dispositions portées par les articles organiques du culte catholique, sur la liberté des fondations, et sur la nature des biens qui peuvent en être l’objet, seront communes aux Eglises protestantes.</p><p class="spip">IX. Il y aura deux académies ou séminaires dans l’est de la France, pour l’instruction des ministres de la confession d’Augsbourg.</p><p class="spip">X. Il y aura un séminaire à Genève, pour l’instruction des ministres des Eglises réformées.</p><p class="spip">XI. Les professeurs de toutes les académies ou séminaires seront nommés par le premier Consul.</p><p class="spip">XII. Nul ne pourra être élu ministre ou pasteur d’une Eglise de la confession d’Augsbourg, s’il n’a étudié, pendant un temps déterminé, dans un des séminaires français destinés à l’instruction des ministres de cette confession, et s’il ne rapporte un certificat en bonne forme, constatant son temps d’étude, sa capacité et ses bonnes mœurs.</p><p class="spip">XIII. On ne pourra être élu ministre ou pasteur d’une Eglise réformée, sans avoir étudié dans le séminaire de Genève, et si on ne rapporte un certificat dans la forme énoncée dans l’article précédent.</p><p class="spip">XIV. Les règlements sur l’administration et la police intérieure des séminaires, sur le nombre et la qualité des professeurs, sur la manière d’enseigner et sur les objets d’enseignement, ainsi que sur la forme des certificats ou attestations d’étude, de bonne conduite et de capacité, seront approuvés par le Gouvernement.  <strong class="spip"></p><p class="spip">TITRE II.</strong></p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">Des Églises réformées.</i></p><p class="spip">SECTION Ire</p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">De l’Organisation générale de ces Églises.</i></p><p class="spip">XV. Les Eglises réformées de France auront des pasteurs, des consistoires locaux et des synodes.</p><p class="spip">XVI. Il y aura une Eglise consistoriale par six mille âmes de la même communion.</p><p class="spip">XVII. Cinq Eglises consistoriales formeront l’arrondissement d’un synode.</p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">SECTION II.</strong></p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">Des Pasteurs et des Consistoires locaux.</i></p><p class="spip">XVIII. Le consistoire de chaque Eglise sera composé du pasteur ou des pasteurs desservant cette Eglise, et d’anciens ou notables laïques, choisis parmi les citoyens les plus imposés au rôle des contributions directes : le nombre de ces notables ne pourra être au-dessous de six ni au-dessus de douze.</p><p class="spip">XIX. Le nombre des ministres ou pasteurs, dans une même Eglise consistoriale, ne pourra être augmenté sans l’autorisation du Gouvernement.</p><p class="spip">XX. Les consistoires veilleront au maintien de la discipline, à l’administration des biens de l’Eglise et à celle des deniers provenant des aumônes.</p><p class="spip">XXI. Les assemblées des consistoires seront présidées par le pasteur ou par le plus ancien des pasteurs. Un des anciens ou notables remplira les fonctions de secrétaire.</p><p class="spip">XXII. Les assemblées ordinaires des consistoires continueront de se tenir aux jours marqués par l’usage.</p><p class="spip">Les assemblées extraordinaires ne pourront avoir lieu sans la permission du sous-préfet, ou du maire en l’absence du sous-préfet.</p><p class="spip">XXIII. Tous les deux ans, les anciens du consistoire seront renouvelés par moitié : à cette époque, les anciens en exercice s’adjoindront un nombre égal de citoyens protestants, chefs de famille et choisis parmi les plus imposés au rôle des contributions directes de la commune où l’Eglise consistoriale sera située, pour procéder au renouvellement.</p><p class="spip">Les anciens sortants pourront être réélus.</p><p class="spip">XXIV. Dans les Eglises où il n’y a point de consistoire actuel, il en sera formé un. Tous les membres seront élus par la réunion des vingt-cinq chefs de famille protestants les plus imposés au rôle des contributions directes : cette réunion n’aura lieu qu’avec l’autorisation et en la présence du préfet ou du sous-préfet.</p><p class="spip">XXV. Les pasteurs ne pourront être destitués qu’à la charge de présenter les motifs de la destitution au Gouvernement, qui les approuvera ou les rejettera.</p><p class="spip">XXVI. En cas de décès, ou de démission volontaire, ou de destitution confirmée d’un pasteur, le consistoire formé de la manière prescrite par l’article XVIII, choisira à la pluralité des voix pour le remplacer.</p><p class="spip">Le titre d’élection sera présenté au premier Consul par le conseiller d’état chargé de toutes les affaires concernant les cultes, pour avoir son approbation.</p><p class="spip">L’approbation donnée, il ne pourra exercer qu’après avoir prêté, entre les mains du préfet, le serment exigé des ministres du culte catholique.</p><p class="spip">XXVII. Tous les pasteurs actuellement en exercice sont provisoirement confirmés.</p><p class="spip">XXVIII. Aucune Eglise ne pourra s’étendre d’un département dans un autre.</p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">SECTION III.</strong></p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">Des Synodes.</i></p><p class="spip">XXIX. Chaque synode sera formé du pasteur ou d’un des pasteurs et d’un ancien ou notable de chaque Eglise.</p><p class="spip">XXX. Les synodes veilleront sur tout ce qui concerne la célébration du culte, l’enseignement de la doctrine et la conduite des affaires ecclésiastiques. Toutes les décisions qui émaneront d’eux, de quelque nature qu’elles soient, seront soumises à l’approbation du Gouvernement.</p><p class="spip">XXXI. Les synodes ne pourront s’assembler que lorsqu’on en aura rapporté la permission du Gouvernement.</p><p class="spip">On donnera connaissance préalable au conseiller d’état chargé de toutes les affaires concernant les cultes, des matières qui devront y être traitées. L’assemblée sera tenue en présence du préfet ou du sous-préfet ; et une expédition du procès-verbal des délibérations sera adressée par le préfet au conseiller d’état chargé de toutes les affaires concernant les cultes, qui, dans le plus court délai, en fera son rapport au Gouvernement.</p><p class="spip">XXXII. L’assemblée d’un synode ne pourra durer que six jours.</p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">TITRE III.</strong></p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">De l’organisation des Églises de la Confession d’Augsbourg</i></p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">SECTION Ire</strong></p><p class="spip">Dispositions générales.</p><p class="spip">XXXIII. Les Eglises de la confession d’Augsbourg auront des pasteurs, des consistoires locaux, des inspections et des consistoires généraux.</p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">SECTION II.</strong></p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">Des Ministres ou Pasteurs, et des Consistoires locaux de chaque Eglise</i>.</p><p class="spip">XXXIV. On suivra, relativement aux pasteurs, à la circonscription et au régime des Eglises consistoriales, ce qui a été prescrit par la section II du titre précédent, pour les pasteurs et pour les Eglises réformées.</p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">SECTION III.</strong>  <i class="spip"> Des Inspections.</i></p><p class="spip">XXXV. Les Eglises de la confession d’Augsbourg seront subordonnées à des inspections.</p><p class="spip">XXXVI. Cinq Eglises consistoriales formeront l’arrondissement d’une inspection.</p><p class="spip">XXXVII. Chaque inspection sera composée du ministre et d’un ancien ou notable de chaque Eglise de l’arrondissement : elle ne pourra s’assembler que lorsqu’on en aura rapporté la permission du Gouvernement. La première fois qu’il écherra de la convoquer, elle le sera par le plus ancien des ministres desservant les Eglises de l’arrondissement. Chaque inspection choisira dans son sein deux laïques, et un ecclésiastique, qui prendra le titre d’inspecteur, et qui sera chargé de veiller sur les ministres et sur le maintien du bon ordre dans les Eglises particulières.</p><p class="spip">Le choix de l’inspecteur et des deux laïques sera confirmé par le premier Consul.</p><p class="spip">XXXVIII. L’inspection ne pourra s’assembler qu’avec l’autorisation du Gouvernement, en présence du préfet ou du sous-préfet, et après avoir donné connaissance préalable au conseiller d’état chargé de toutes les affaires concernant les cultes, des matières que l’on se proposera d’y traiter.</p><p class="spip">XXXIX. L’inspecteur pourra visiter les Eglises de son arrondissement ; il s’adjoindra les deux laïques nommés avec lui, toutes les fois que les circonstances l’exigeront ; il sera chargé de la convocation de l’assemblée générale de l’inspection. Aucune décision émanée de l’assemblée générale de l’inspection, ne pourra être exécutée sans avoir été soumise à l’approbation du Gouvernement.</p><p class="spip"><strong class="spip">SECTION IV.</strong></p><p class="spip"><i class="spip">Des Consistoires généraux.</i></p><p class="spip">XL. Il y aura trois consistoires généraux : l’un à Strasbourg, pour les protestants de la confession d’Augsbourg, des départements du Haut et Bas Rhin ; l’autre à Mayence, pour ceux des départements de la Sarre et du Mont-Tonnerre ; et le troisième à Cologne, pour ceux des départements de Rhin-et-Moselle et de la Roer.</p><p class="spip">XLI. Chaque consistoire sera composé d’un président laïque protestant, de deux ecclésiastiques inspecteurs, et d’un député de chaque inspection.</p><p class="spip">Le président et les deux ecclésiastiques inspecteurs seront nommés par le premier Consul.</p><p class="spip">Le président sera tenu de prêter entre les mains du premier Consul ou du fonctionnaire public qu’il plaira au premier Consul de déléguer à cet effet, le serment exigé des ministres du culte catholique.</p><p class="spip">Les deux ecclésiastiques inspecteurs et les membres laïques prêteront le même serment entre les mains du président.</p><p class="spip">XLII. Le consistoire général ne pourra s’assembler que lorsqu’on en aura rapporté la permission du Gouvernement, et qu’en présence du préfet ou du sous-préfet : on donnera préalablement connaissance au conseiller d’état chargé de toutes les affaires concernant les cultes, des matières qui devront y être traitées. L’assemblée ne pourra durer plus de six jours.</p><p class="spip">XLIII. Dans le temps intermédiaire d’une assemblée à l’autre, il y aura un directoire composé du président, du plus âgé des deux ecclésiastiques inspecteurs, et de trois laïques, dont un sera nommé par le premier Consul : les deux autres seront choisis par le consistoire général.</p><p class="spip">XLIV. Les attributions du consistoire général et du directoire continueront d’être régies par les règlements et coutumes des Eglises de la confession d’Augsbourg, dans toutes les choses auxquelles il n’a point été formellement dérogé par les lois de la République et par les présents articles.</p><p class="spip">Collationné à l’original, par nous président et secrétaires du Corps législatif. A Paris, le 18 Germinal, an X de la République. Signé MARCORELLE, président ; CHAMPION (du Jura), METZGER, FRANCQ l’aîné, MEYNARD, secrétaires.</p><p class="spip">SOIT la présente loi revêtue du sceau de l’État, insérée au Bulletin des lois, inscrite dans les registres des autorités judiciaires et administratives, et le ministre de la justice chargé d’en surveiller la publication. A Paris, le 28 Germinal, an X de la République.</p><p class="spip">Signé BONAPARTE, premier Consul. Contresigné, le secrétaire d’état, HUGUES B. MARET. Et scellé du sceau de l’État.</p><p class="spip">Vu, <i class="spip">le ministre de la justice,</i> signé ABRIAL.  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<span class="entry-categories "><span class="entry-categories-inner"><span class="entry-categories-label">in</span> <a href="https://oumma.com/categorie/international/" class="entry-category entry-category-item-262">International</a></span></span></div><h3 class="g1-gamma g1-gamma-1st entry-title"><a href="https://oumma.com/robert-malley-sur-oumma-conseiller-de-clinton-et-obama-envoye-special-sous-biden-il-raconte-de-linterieur-trente-ans-dechecs-sur-israel-palestine/" rel="bookmark">Robert Malley, conseiller de Clinton et d’Obama, puis envoyé spécial sous Biden, raconte de l’intérieur trente ans d’échecs sur le conflit israélo-palestinien.</a></h3></header></div></article></li><li class="g1-collection-item g1-collection-item-1of3"><article class="entry-tpl-grid entry-tpl-grid-m post-276119 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-maghreb category-international tag-a-laffiche tag-accords-de-camp-david tag-analyse tag-canal-de-suez tag-chine tag-dependance-au-dollar tag-egypte tag-investissements tag-xi-jinping auteur-mohand-biri"><div class="entry-featured-media " ><a title="Visite de Xi Jinping au Caire : vers un nouveau Bandung ?" class="g1-frame" href="https://oumma.com/visite-de-xi-jinping-au-caire-vers-un-nouveau-bandung/"><div class="g1-frame-inner"><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzNjQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjA1IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMzY0IDIwNSI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgZmlsbD0iI2NmZDRkYiIvPjwvc3ZnPg==" width="364" height="205" data-src="https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/ccc1-364x205.avif" class="attachment-bimber-grid-standard size-bimber-grid-standard not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/ccc1-364x205.avif 364w, https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/ccc1-192x108.avif 192w, https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/ccc1-384x216.avif 384w" data-sizes="(max-width: 364px) 100vw, 364px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="7e7674" style="--dominant-color: #7e7674;" /><span class="g1-frame-icon g1-frame-icon-"></span></div></a></div><div class="entry-body"><header class="entry-header"><div class="entry-before-title">
<span class="entry-categories "><span class="entry-categories-inner"><span class="entry-categories-label">in</span> <a href="https://oumma.com/categorie/international/maghreb/" class="entry-category entry-category-item-18185">Afrique du Nord</a>, <a href="https://oumma.com/categorie/international/" class="entry-category entry-category-item-262">International</a></span></span></div><h3 class="g1-gamma g1-gamma-1st entry-title"><a href="https://oumma.com/visite-de-xi-jinping-au-caire-vers-un-nouveau-bandung/" rel="bookmark">Visite de Xi Jinping au Caire : vers un nouveau Bandung ?</a></h3></header></div></article></li><li class="g1-collection-item g1-collection-item-1of3"><article class="entry-tpl-grid entry-tpl-grid-m post-265115 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-histoire-memoire tag-a-laffiche tag-analyse tag-education tag-fatima-al-fihri tag-femmes tag-hadith tag-histoire-musulmane tag-islam tag-karima-al-marwaziyya tag-savoir"><div class="entry-featured-media " ><a title="Aux premiers siècles de l’islam, elles étaient savantes et enseignaient dans les grandes mosquées" class="g1-frame" href="https://oumma.com/aux-premiers-siecles-de-lislam-elles-etaient-savantes-et-enseignaient-dans-les-grandes-mosquees/"><div class="g1-frame-inner"><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzNjQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjA1IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMzY0IDIwNSI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgZmlsbD0iI2NmZDRkYiIvPjwvc3ZnPg==" width="364" height="205" data-src="https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/feemes-364x205.avif" class="attachment-bimber-grid-standard size-bimber-grid-standard not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/feemes-364x205.avif 364w, https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/feemes-192x108.avif 192w, https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/feemes-384x216.avif 384w" data-sizes="(max-width: 364px) 100vw, 364px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="5c4634" style="--dominant-color: #5c4634;" /><span class="g1-frame-icon g1-frame-icon-"></span></div></a></div><div class="entry-body"><header class="entry-header"><div class="entry-before-title">
<span class="entry-categories "><span class="entry-categories-inner"><span class="entry-categories-label">in</span> <a href="https://oumma.com/categorie/societe/histoire-memoire/" class="entry-category entry-category-item-18200">Histoire &amp; Mémoire</a></span></span></div><h3 class="g1-gamma g1-gamma-1st entry-title"><a href="https://oumma.com/aux-premiers-siecles-de-lislam-elles-etaient-savantes-et-enseignaient-dans-les-grandes-mosquees/" rel="bookmark">Aux premiers siècles de l’islam, elles étaient savantes et enseignaient dans les grandes mosquées</a></h3></header></div></article></li><li class="g1-collection-item g1-collection-item-1of3"><article class="entry-tpl-grid entry-tpl-grid-m post-275844 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-education-famille tag-a-laffiche tag-analyse tag-confiance tag-discrimination tag-education tag-identite tag-valeurs"><div class="entry-featured-media " ><a title="Nos enfants n’ont pas à choisir entre leur héritage et la France" class="g1-frame" href="https://oumma.com/nos-enfants-nont-pas-a-choisir-entre-leur-heritage-et-la-france/"><div class="g1-frame-inner"><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzNjQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjA1IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMzY0IDIwNSI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgZmlsbD0iI2NmZDRkYiIvPjwvc3ZnPg==" width="364" height="205" data-src="https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/enfaaa-364x205.avif" class="attachment-bimber-grid-standard size-bimber-grid-standard not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/enfaaa-364x205.avif 364w, https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/enfaaa-192x108.avif 192w, https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/enfaaa-384x216.avif 384w" data-sizes="(max-width: 364px) 100vw, 364px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="776c64" style="--dominant-color: #776c64;" /><span class="g1-frame-icon g1-frame-icon-"></span></div></a></div><div class="entry-body"><header class="entry-header"><div class="entry-before-title">
<span class="entry-categories "><span class="entry-categories-inner"><span class="entry-categories-label">in</span> <a href="https://oumma.com/categorie/societe/education-famille/" class="entry-category entry-category-item-18202">Éducation &amp; Famille</a></span></span></div><h3 class="g1-gamma g1-gamma-1st entry-title"><a href="https://oumma.com/nos-enfants-nont-pas-a-choisir-entre-leur-heritage-et-la-france/" rel="bookmark">Nos enfants n’ont pas à choisir entre leur héritage et la France</a></h3></header></div></article></li><li class="g1-collection-item g1-collection-item-1of3"><article class="entry-tpl-grid entry-tpl-grid-m post-275738 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-divers-societe category-societe tag-a-laffiche tag-analyse tag-andre-brahic tag-communaute-musulmane tag-discrimination tag-intolerance tag-islamophobie tag-liberte-dexpression tag-rassemblement-national tag-societe-francaise auteur-jamal-mimouni"><div class="entry-featured-media " ><a title="De l&#8217;amphithéâtre au plateau télé : itinéraire d&#8217;une islamophobie banalisée" class="g1-frame" href="https://oumma.com/de-lamphitheatre-au-plateau-tele-itineraire-dune-islamophobie-banalisee/"><div class="g1-frame-inner"><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzNjQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjA1IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMzY0IDIwNSI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgZmlsbD0iI2NmZDRkYiIvPjwvc3ZnPg==" width="364" height="205" data-src="https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/media52-364x205.avif" class="attachment-bimber-grid-standard size-bimber-grid-standard not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/media52-364x205.avif 364w, https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/media52-192x108.avif 192w, https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/media52-384x216.avif 384w, https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/09/media52-561x316.avif 561w" data-sizes="(max-width: 364px) 100vw, 364px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="474040" style="--dominant-color: #474040;" /><span class="g1-frame-icon g1-frame-icon-"></span></div></a></div><div class="entry-body"><header class="entry-header"><div class="entry-before-title">
<span class="entry-categories "><span class="entry-categories-inner"><span class="entry-categories-label">in</span> <a href="https://oumma.com/categorie/societe/divers-societe/" class="entry-category entry-category-item-18214">Divers Société</a>, <a href="https://oumma.com/categorie/societe/" class="entry-category entry-category-item-245">Société</a></span></span></div><h3 class="g1-gamma g1-gamma-1st entry-title"><a href="https://oumma.com/de-lamphitheatre-au-plateau-tele-itineraire-dune-islamophobie-banalisee/" rel="bookmark">De l&#8217;amphithéâtre au plateau télé : itinéraire d&#8217;une islamophobie banalisée</a></h3></header></div></article></li><li class="g1-collection-item g1-collection-item-1of3"><article class="entry-tpl-grid entry-tpl-grid-m post-275362 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-idees-debats category-islam-spiritualite tag-a-laffiche tag-amour tag-analyse tag-coexistence tag-convictions tag-haine tag-prophete-muhammad tag-pardon tag-respect tag-spiritualite auteur-azzedine-gaci"><div class="entry-featured-media " ><a title="Aimer le Prophète, c’est refuser la haine" class="g1-frame" href="https://oumma.com/aimer-le-prophete-cest-refuser-la-haine/"><div class="g1-frame-inner"><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzNjQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjA1IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMzY0IDIwNSI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgZmlsbD0iI2NmZDRkYiIvPjwvc3ZnPg==" width="364" height="205" data-src="https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/le-Prophete-Muhammad-364x205.avif" class="attachment-bimber-grid-standard size-bimber-grid-standard not-transparent wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/le-Prophete-Muhammad-364x205.avif 364w, https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/le-Prophete-Muhammad-192x108.avif 192w, https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/le-Prophete-Muhammad-384x216.avif 384w, https://oumma.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/08/le-Prophete-Muhammad-561x316.avif 561w" data-sizes="(max-width: 364px) 100vw, 364px" data-has-transparency="false" data-dominant-color="6a513a" style="--dominant-color: #6a513a;" /><span class="g1-frame-icon g1-frame-icon-"></span></div></a></div><div class="entry-body"><header class="entry-header"><div class="entry-before-title">
<span class="entry-categories "><span class="entry-categories-inner"><span class="entry-categories-label">in</span> <a href="https://oumma.com/categorie/idees-debats/" class="entry-category entry-category-item-18207">Idées &amp; Débats</a>, <a href="https://oumma.com/categorie/islam-spiritualite/" class="entry-category entry-category-item-18204">Islam &amp; Spiritualité</a></span></span></div><h3 class="g1-gamma g1-gamma-1st entry-title"><a href="https://oumma.com/aimer-le-prophete-cest-refuser-la-haine/" rel="bookmark">Aimer le Prophète, c’est refuser la haine</a></h3></header></div></article></li></ul></div></div></aside><aside class="wyr-reactions"><header><h2 class="g1-delta g1-delta-2nd"><span>What's Your Reaction?</span></h2></header><div class="wyr-reactions-body"><ul class="wyr-reaction-items"><li class="wyr-reaction-item wyr-reaction-item-angry">
<a class="wyr-reaction wyr-reaction-angry" data-wyr-nonce="f0a648974a" data-wyr-post-id="7774" data-wyr-author-id="0" data-wyr-reaction="angry">
<span class="wyr-reaction-icon wyr-reaction-icon-angry wyr-reaction-icon-with-visual" ><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSI1MCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1MCIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDUwIDUwIj48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMTAwJSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMDAlIiBmaWxsPSIjY2ZkNGRiIi8+PC9zdmc+" width="50" height="50" data-src="https://oumma.com/wp-content/plugins/whats-your-reaction/images/emoji/angry.svg" alt="Angry" /><span class="wyr-reaction-icon-text">Angry</span></span><div class="wyr-reaction-track"><div class="wyr-reaction-value" data-raw-value="0">0</div><div class="wyr-reaction-bar" style="height: 0%;"></div></div><div class="wyr-reaction-button"><strong class="wyr-reaction-label">Angry</strong></div>
</a></li><li class="wyr-reaction-item wyr-reaction-item-cry">
<a class="wyr-reaction wyr-reaction-cry" data-wyr-nonce="f0a648974a" data-wyr-post-id="7774" data-wyr-author-id="0" data-wyr-reaction="cry">
<span class="wyr-reaction-icon wyr-reaction-icon-cry wyr-reaction-icon-with-visual" ><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSI1MCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1MCIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDUwIDUwIj48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMTAwJSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMDAlIiBmaWxsPSIjY2ZkNGRiIi8+PC9zdmc+" width="50" height="50" data-src="https://oumma.com/wp-content/plugins/whats-your-reaction/images/emoji/cry.svg" alt="Cry" /><span class="wyr-reaction-icon-text">Cry</span></span><div class="wyr-reaction-track"><div class="wyr-reaction-value" data-raw-value="0">0</div><div class="wyr-reaction-bar" style="height: 0%;"></div></div><div class="wyr-reaction-button"><strong class="wyr-reaction-label">Cry</strong></div>
</a></li><li class="wyr-reaction-item wyr-reaction-item-cute">
<a class="wyr-reaction wyr-reaction-cute" data-wyr-nonce="f0a648974a" data-wyr-post-id="7774" data-wyr-author-id="0" data-wyr-reaction="cute">
<span class="wyr-reaction-icon wyr-reaction-icon-cute wyr-reaction-icon-with-visual" ><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSI1MCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1MCIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDUwIDUwIj48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMTAwJSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMDAlIiBmaWxsPSIjY2ZkNGRiIi8+PC9zdmc+" width="50" height="50" data-src="https://oumma.com/wp-content/plugins/whats-your-reaction/images/emoji/cute.svg" alt="Cute" /><span class="wyr-reaction-icon-text">Cute</span></span><div class="wyr-reaction-track"><div class="wyr-reaction-value" data-raw-value="0">0</div><div class="wyr-reaction-bar" style="height: 0%;"></div></div><div class="wyr-reaction-button"><strong class="wyr-reaction-label">Cute</strong></div>
</a></li><li class="wyr-reaction-item wyr-reaction-item-lol">
<a class="wyr-reaction wyr-reaction-lol" data-wyr-nonce="f0a648974a" data-wyr-post-id="7774" data-wyr-author-id="0" data-wyr-reaction="lol">
<span class="wyr-reaction-icon wyr-reaction-icon-lol wyr-reaction-icon-with-visual" ><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSI1MCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1MCIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDUwIDUwIj48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMTAwJSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMDAlIiBmaWxsPSIjY2ZkNGRiIi8+PC9zdmc+" width="50" height="50" data-src="https://oumma.com/wp-content/plugins/whats-your-reaction/images/emoji/lol.svg" alt="LOL" /><span class="wyr-reaction-icon-text">LOL</span></span><div class="wyr-reaction-track"><div class="wyr-reaction-value" data-raw-value="0">0</div><div class="wyr-reaction-bar" style="height: 0%;"></div></div><div class="wyr-reaction-button"><strong class="wyr-reaction-label">LOL</strong></div>
</a></li><li class="wyr-reaction-item wyr-reaction-item-love">
<a class="wyr-reaction wyr-reaction-love" data-wyr-nonce="f0a648974a" data-wyr-post-id="7774" data-wyr-author-id="0" data-wyr-reaction="love">
<span class="wyr-reaction-icon wyr-reaction-icon-love wyr-reaction-icon-with-visual" ><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSI1MCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1MCIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDUwIDUwIj48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMTAwJSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMDAlIiBmaWxsPSIjY2ZkNGRiIi8+PC9zdmc+" width="50" height="50" data-src="https://oumma.com/wp-content/plugins/whats-your-reaction/images/emoji/love.svg" alt="Love" /><span class="wyr-reaction-icon-text">Love</span></span><div class="wyr-reaction-track"><div class="wyr-reaction-value" data-raw-value="0">0</div><div class="wyr-reaction-bar" style="height: 0%;"></div></div><div class="wyr-reaction-button"><strong class="wyr-reaction-label">Love</strong></div>
</a></li><li class="wyr-reaction-item wyr-reaction-item-omg">
<a class="wyr-reaction wyr-reaction-omg" data-wyr-nonce="f0a648974a" data-wyr-post-id="7774" data-wyr-author-id="0" data-wyr-reaction="omg">
<span class="wyr-reaction-icon wyr-reaction-icon-omg wyr-reaction-icon-with-visual" ><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSI1MCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1MCIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDUwIDUwIj48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMTAwJSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMDAlIiBmaWxsPSIjY2ZkNGRiIi8+PC9zdmc+" width="50" height="50" data-src="https://oumma.com/wp-content/plugins/whats-your-reaction/images/emoji/omg.svg" alt="OMG" /><span class="wyr-reaction-icon-text">OMG</span></span><div class="wyr-reaction-track"><div class="wyr-reaction-value" data-raw-value="0">0</div><div class="wyr-reaction-bar" style="height: 0%;"></div></div><div class="wyr-reaction-button"><strong class="wyr-reaction-label">OMG</strong></div>
</a></li><li class="wyr-reaction-item wyr-reaction-item-wtf">
<a class="wyr-reaction wyr-reaction-wtf" data-wyr-nonce="f0a648974a" data-wyr-post-id="7774" data-wyr-author-id="0" data-wyr-reaction="wtf">
<span class="wyr-reaction-icon wyr-reaction-icon-wtf wyr-reaction-icon-with-visual" ><img data-lazyloaded="1" src="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSI1MCIgaGVpZ2h0PSI1MCIgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDUwIDUwIj48cmVjdCB3aWR0aD0iMTAwJSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxMDAlIiBmaWxsPSIjY2ZkNGRiIi8+PC9zdmc+" width="50" height="50" data-src="https://oumma.com/wp-content/plugins/whats-your-reaction/images/emoji/wtf.svg" alt="WTF" /><span class="wyr-reaction-icon-text">WTF</span></span><div class="wyr-reaction-track"><div class="wyr-reaction-value" data-raw-value="0">0</div><div class="wyr-reaction-bar" style="height: 0%;"></div></div><div class="wyr-reaction-button"><strong class="wyr-reaction-label">WTF</strong></div>
</a></li><li class="wyr-reaction-item wyr-reaction-item-a-laffiche">
<a class="wyr-reaction wyr-reaction-a-laffiche" data-wyr-nonce="f0a648974a" data-wyr-post-id="7774" data-wyr-author-id="0" data-wyr-reaction="a-laffiche">
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<time class="entry-date" datetime="2026-06-11T13:21:59+02:00">11 juin, 2026, 13 h 21 min</time></p></footer></div></article></li></ul></div></div></aside><meta itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" content="https://oumma.com/articles-organiques-de-la-convention-du-26-messidor-an-ix/"/><meta itemprop="dateModified"
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<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" height="18"><path d="M224 416c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-192-192c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L224 338.8l169.4-169.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0s12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-192 192C240.4 412.9 232.2 416 224 416z"/></svg>
</span>
</button></div><div class="cmplz-description" id="cmplz-desc-preferences-1-optin" hidden>
<span class="cmplz-description-preferences">Le stockage ou l'accès technique est nécessaire dans le but légitime de stocker des préférences qui ne sont pas demandées par l'abonné ou l'utilisateur.</span></div></div><div class="cmplz-category cmplz-statistics"><div class="cmplz-category-header">
<span class="cmplz-category-title" id="cmplz-title-statistics-1-optin">Statistiques</span>
<span class="cmplz-banner-checkbox">
<input type="checkbox"
id="cmplz-statistics-optin"
data-category="cmplz_statistics"
class="cmplz-consent-checkbox cmplz-statistics"
size="40"
value="1"/>
<label class="cmplz-label" for="cmplz-statistics-optin"><span class="screen-reader-text">Statistiques</span></label>
</span>
<button class="cmplz-category-toggle"
aria-expanded="false"
aria-controls="cmplz-desc-statistics-1-optin"
aria-labelledby="cmplz-title-statistics-1-optin">
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<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" height="18"><path d="M224 416c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-192-192c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L224 338.8l169.4-169.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0s12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-192 192C240.4 412.9 232.2 416 224 416z"/></svg>
</span>
</button></div><div class="cmplz-description" id="cmplz-desc-statistics-1-optin" hidden>
<span class="cmplz-description-statistics">Le stockage ou l'accès technique utilisé exclusivement à des fins statistiques.</span>
<span class="cmplz-description-statistics-anonymous">The technical storage or access that is used exclusively for anonymous statistical purposes. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you.</span></div></div><div class="cmplz-category cmplz-marketing"><div class="cmplz-category-header">
<span class="cmplz-category-title" id="cmplz-title-marketing-1-optin">Marketing</span>
<span class="cmplz-banner-checkbox">
<input type="checkbox"
id="cmplz-marketing-optin"
data-category="cmplz_marketing"
class="cmplz-consent-checkbox cmplz-marketing"
size="40"
value="1"/>
<label class="cmplz-label" for="cmplz-marketing-optin"><span class="screen-reader-text">Marketing</span></label>
</span>
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aria-expanded="false"
aria-controls="cmplz-desc-marketing-1-optin"
aria-labelledby="cmplz-title-marketing-1-optin">
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<svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512" height="18"><path d="M224 416c-8.188 0-16.38-3.125-22.62-9.375l-192-192c-12.5-12.5-12.5-32.75 0-45.25s32.75-12.5 45.25 0L224 338.8l169.4-169.4c12.5-12.5 32.75-12.5 45.25 0s12.5 32.75 0 45.25l-192 192C240.4 412.9 232.2 416 224 416z"/></svg>
</span>
</button></div><div class="cmplz-description" id="cmplz-desc-marketing-1-optin" hidden>
<span class="cmplz-description-marketing">Le stockage ou l'accès technique est nécessaire pour créer des profils d'utilisateurs afin d'envoyer de la publicité, ou pour suivre l'utilisateur sur un site web ou sur plusieurs sites web à des fins de marketing similaires.</span></div></div></div></div><div class="cmplz-links cmplz-information"><ul><li><a class="cmplz-link cmplz-manage-options cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-manage-consent-container">Gérer les options</a></li><li><a class="cmplz-link cmplz-manage-third-parties cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-cookies-overview">Gérer les services</a></li><li><a class="cmplz-link cmplz-manage-vendors tcf cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-tcf-wrapper">Gérer {vendor_count} fournisseurs</a></li><li><a class="cmplz-link cmplz-external cmplz-read-more-purposes tcf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow" href="https://cookiedatabase.org/tcf/purposes/" aria-label="En savoir plus sur les finalités de TCF de la base de données de cookies">En savoir plus sur ces finalités</a></li></ul></div><div class="cmplz-divider cmplz-footer"></div><div class="cmplz-buttons">
<button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-accept">Accepter</button>
<button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-deny">Refuser</button>
<button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-view-preferences">View preferences</button>
<button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-save-preferences">Sauver les préférences</button>
<a class="cmplz-btn cmplz-manage-options tcf cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="#cmplz-manage-consent-container">View preferences</a></div><div class="cmplz-documents cmplz-links"><ul><li><a class="cmplz-link cookie-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="">{title}</a></li><li><a class="cmplz-link privacy-statement" href="#" data-relative_url="">{title}</a></li><li><a class="cmplz-link impressum" href="#" data-relative_url="">{title}</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div id="cmplz-manage-consent" data-nosnippet="true"><button class="cmplz-btn cmplz-hidden cmplz-manage-consent manage-consent-1" aria-haspopup="dialog" aria-controls="cmplz-cookiebanner-1-optin">Gérer le consentement</button></div><div id='div-gpt-ad-1610108033994-0'> <script type="litespeed/javascript">googletag.cmd.push(function(){googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1610108033994-0')})</script> </div>     <script type='text/javascript' type="litespeed/javascript">document.addEventListener('wpcf7mailsent',function(event){if("fb_pxl_code" in event.detail.apiResponse){eval(event.detail.apiResponse.fb_pxl_code)}},!1)</script> <div id="fb-pxl-ajax-code"></div><div id="has-highlight-and-share"><div class="highlight-and-share-wrapper theme-brand-colors orientation-horizontal hide-has-labels"><style>body.has-body .highlight-and-share-wrapper div a .has-icon, body.has-body .highlight-and-share-wrapper div a:hover .has-icon, body.has-body .highlight-and-share-wrapper div a:visited .has-icon { width: 25px; height: 25px; }</style><style>.highlight-and-share-wrapper div.has-tooltip:hover:after {
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<symbol aria-hidden="true" data-prefix="fas" data-icon="at" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" id="has-email-icon">
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</symbol>
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]?(C800|C900|E400|E610|E900|E-900|F160|F180K|F180L|F180S|730|855|L160|LS740|LS840|LS970|LU6200|MS690|MS695|MS770|MS840|MS870|MS910|P500|P700|P705|VM696|AS680|AS695|AX840|C729|E970|GS505|272|C395|E739BK|E960|L55C|L75C|LS696|LS860|P769BK|P350|P500|P509|P870|UN272|US730|VS840|VS950|LN272|LN510|LS670|LS855|LW690|MN270|MN510|P509|P769|P930|UN200|UN270|UN510|UN610|US670|US740|US760|UX265|UX840|VN271|VN530|VS660|VS700|VS740|VS750|VS910|VS920|VS930|VX9200|VX11000|AX840A|LW770|P506|P925|P999|E612|D955|D802|MS323|M257)|LM-G710",Sony:"SonyST|SonyLT|SonyEricsson|SonyEricssonLT15iv|LT18i|E10i|LT28h|LT26w|SonyEricssonMT27i|C5303|C6902|C6903|C6906|C6943|D2533|SOV34|601SO|F8332",Asus:"Asus.*Galaxy|PadFone.*Mobile",Xiaomi:"^(?!.*\\bx11\\b).*xiaomi.*$|POCOPHONE F1|MI 8|Redmi Note 9S|Redmi Note 5A Prime|N2G47H|M2001J2G|M2001J2I|M1805E10A|M2004J11G|M1902F1G|M2002J9G|M2004J19G|M2003J6A1G",NokiaLumia:"Lumia [0-9]{3,4}",Micromax:"Micromax.*\\b(A210|A92|A88|A72|A111|A110Q|A115|A116|A110|A90S|A26|A51|A35|A54|A25|A27|A89|A68|A65|A57|A90)\\b",Palm:"PalmSource|Palm",Vertu:"Vertu|Vertu.*Ltd|Vertu.*Ascent|Vertu.*Ayxta|Vertu.*Constellation(F|Quest)?|Vertu.*Monika|Vertu.*Signature",Pantech:"PANTECH|IM-A850S|IM-A840S|IM-A830L|IM-A830K|IM-A830S|IM-A820L|IM-A810K|IM-A810S|IM-A800S|IM-T100K|IM-A725L|IM-A780L|IM-A775C|IM-A770K|IM-A760S|IM-A750K|IM-A740S|IM-A730S|IM-A720L|IM-A710K|IM-A690L|IM-A690S|IM-A650S|IM-A630K|IM-A600S|VEGA PTL21|PT003|P8010|ADR910L|P6030|P6020|P9070|P4100|P9060|P5000|CDM8992|TXT8045|ADR8995|IS11PT|P2030|P6010|P8000|PT002|IS06|CDM8999|P9050|PT001|TXT8040|P2020|P9020|P2000|P7040|P7000|C790",Fly:"IQ230|IQ444|IQ450|IQ440|IQ442|IQ441|IQ245|IQ256|IQ236|IQ255|IQ235|IQ245|IQ275|IQ240|IQ285|IQ280|IQ270|IQ260|IQ250",Wiko:"KITE 4G|HIGHWAY|GETAWAY|STAIRWAY|DARKSIDE|DARKFULL|DARKNIGHT|DARKMOON|SLIDE|WAX 4G|RAINBOW|BLOOM|SUNSET|GOA(?!nna)|LENNY|BARRY|IGGY|OZZY|CINK FIVE|CINK PEAX|CINK PEAX 2|CINK SLIM|CINK SLIM 2|CINK +|CINK KING|CINK PEAX|CINK SLIM|SUBLIM",iMobile:"i-mobile (IQ|i-STYLE|idea|ZAA|Hitz)",SimValley:"\\b(SP-80|XT-930|SX-340|XT-930|SX-310|SP-360|SP60|SPT-800|SP-120|SPT-800|SP-140|SPX-5|SPX-8|SP-100|SPX-8|SPX-12)\\b",Wolfgang:"AT-B24D|AT-AS50HD|AT-AS40W|AT-AS55HD|AT-AS45q2|AT-B26D|AT-AS50Q",Alcatel:"Alcatel",Nintendo:"Nintendo (3DS|Switch)",Amoi:"Amoi",INQ:"INQ",OnePlus:"ONEPLUS",GenericPhone:"Tapatalk|PDA;|SAGEM|\\bmmp\\b|pocket|\\bpsp\\b|symbian|Smartphone|smartfon|treo|up.browser|up.link|vodafone|\\bwap\\b|nokia|Series40|Series60|S60|SonyEricsson|N900|MAUI.*WAP.*Browser"},tablets:{iPad:"iPad|iPad.*Mobile",NexusTablet:"Android.*Nexus[\\s]+(7|9|10)",GoogleTablet:"Android.*Pixel C",SamsungTablet:"SAMSUNG.*Tablet|Galaxy.*Tab|SC-01C|GT-P1000|GT-P1003|GT-P1010|GT-P3105|GT-P6210|GT-P6800|GT-P6810|GT-P7100|GT-P7300|GT-P7310|GT-P7500|GT-P7510|SCH-I800|SCH-I815|SCH-I905|SGH-I957|SGH-I987|SGH-T849|SGH-T859|SGH-T869|SPH-P100|GT-P3100|GT-P3108|GT-P3110|GT-P5100|GT-P5110|GT-P6200|GT-P7320|GT-P7511|GT-N8000|GT-P8510|SGH-I497|SPH-P500|SGH-T779|SCH-I705|SCH-I915|GT-N8013|GT-P3113|GT-P5113|GT-P8110|GT-N8010|GT-N8005|GT-N8020|GT-P1013|GT-P6201|GT-P7501|GT-N5100|GT-N5105|GT-N5110|SHV-E140K|SHV-E140L|SHV-E140S|SHV-E150S|SHV-E230K|SHV-E230L|SHV-E230S|SHW-M180K|SHW-M180L|SHW-M180S|SHW-M180W|SHW-M300W|SHW-M305W|SHW-M380K|SHW-M380S|SHW-M380W|SHW-M430W|SHW-M480K|SHW-M480S|SHW-M480W|SHW-M485W|SHW-M486W|SHW-M500W|GT-I9228|SCH-P739|SCH-I925|GT-I9200|GT-P5200|GT-P5210|GT-P5210X|SM-T311|SM-T310|SM-T310X|SM-T210|SM-T210R|SM-T211|SM-P600|SM-P601|SM-P605|SM-P900|SM-P901|SM-T217|SM-T217A|SM-T217S|SM-P6000|SM-T3100|SGH-I467|XE500|SM-T110|GT-P5220|GT-I9200X|GT-N5110X|GT-N5120|SM-P905|SM-T111|SM-T2105|SM-T315|SM-T320|SM-T320X|SM-T321|SM-T520|SM-T525|SM-T530NU|SM-T230NU|SM-T330NU|SM-T900|XE500T1C|SM-P605V|SM-P905V|SM-T337V|SM-T537V|SM-T707V|SM-T807V|SM-P600X|SM-P900X|SM-T210X|SM-T230|SM-T230X|SM-T325|GT-P7503|SM-T531|SM-T330|SM-T530|SM-T705|SM-T705C|SM-T535|SM-T331|SM-T800|SM-T700|SM-T537|SM-T807|SM-P907A|SM-T337A|SM-T537A|SM-T707A|SM-T807A|SM-T237|SM-T807P|SM-P607T|SM-T217T|SM-T337T|SM-T807T|SM-T116NQ|SM-T116BU|SM-P550|SM-T350|SM-T550|SM-T9000|SM-P9000|SM-T705Y|SM-T805|GT-P3113|SM-T710|SM-T810|SM-T815|SM-T360|SM-T533|SM-T113|SM-T335|SM-T715|SM-T560|SM-T670|SM-T677|SM-T377|SM-T567|SM-T357T|SM-T555|SM-T561|SM-T713|SM-T719|SM-T813|SM-T819|SM-T580|SM-T355Y?|SM-T280|SM-T817A|SM-T820|SM-W700|SM-P580|SM-T587|SM-P350|SM-P555M|SM-P355M|SM-T113NU|SM-T815Y|SM-T585|SM-T285|SM-T825|SM-W708|SM-T835|SM-T830|SM-T837V|SM-T720|SM-T510|SM-T387V|SM-P610|SM-T290|SM-T515|SM-T590|SM-T595|SM-T725|SM-T817P|SM-P585N0|SM-T395|SM-T295|SM-T865|SM-P610N|SM-P615|SM-T970|SM-T380|SM-T5950|SM-T905|SM-T231|SM-T500|SM-T860",Kindle:"Kindle|Silk.*Accelerated|Android.*\\b(KFOT|KFTT|KFJWI|KFJWA|KFOTE|KFSOWI|KFTHWI|KFTHWA|KFAPWI|KFAPWA|WFJWAE|KFSAWA|KFSAWI|KFASWI|KFARWI|KFFOWI|KFGIWI|KFMEWI)\\b|Android.*Silk/[0-9.]+ like Chrome/[0-9.]+ (?!Mobile)",SurfaceTablet:"Windows NT [0-9.]+; ARM;.*(Tablet|ARMBJS)",HPTablet:"HP Slate (7|8|10)|HP ElitePad 900|hp-tablet|EliteBook.*Touch|HP 8|Slate 21|HP SlateBook 10",AsusTablet:"^.*PadFone((?!Mobile).)*$|Transformer|TF101|TF101G|TF300T|TF300TG|TF300TL|TF700T|TF700KL|TF701T|TF810C|ME171|ME301T|ME302C|ME371MG|ME370T|ME372MG|ME172V|ME173X|ME400C|Slider SL101|\\bK00F\\b|\\bK00C\\b|\\bK00E\\b|\\bK00L\\b|TX201LA|ME176C|ME102A|\\bM80TA\\b|ME372CL|ME560CG|ME372CG|ME302KL| K010 | K011 | K017 | K01E |ME572C|ME103K|ME170C|ME171C|\\bME70C\\b|ME581C|ME581CL|ME8510C|ME181C|P01Y|PO1MA|P01Z|\\bP027\\b|\\bP024\\b|\\bP00C\\b",BlackBerryTablet:"PlayBook|RIM Tablet",HTCtablet:"HTC_Flyer_P512|HTC Flyer|HTC Jetstream|HTC-P715a|HTC EVO View 4G|PG41200|PG09410",MotorolaTablet:"xoom|sholest|MZ615|MZ605|MZ505|MZ601|MZ602|MZ603|MZ604|MZ606|MZ607|MZ608|MZ609|MZ615|MZ616|MZ617",NookTablet:"Android.*Nook|NookColor|nook browser|BNRV200|BNRV200A|BNTV250|BNTV250A|BNTV400|BNTV600|LogicPD Zoom2",AcerTablet:"Android.*; \\b(A100|A101|A110|A200|A210|A211|A500|A501|A510|A511|A700|A701|W500|W500P|W501|W501P|W510|W511|W700|G100|G100W|B1-A71|B1-710|B1-711|A1-810|A1-811|A1-830)\\b|W3-810|\\bA3-A10\\b|\\bA3-A11\\b|\\bA3-A20\\b|\\bA3-A30|A3-A40",ToshibaTablet:"Android.*(AT100|AT105|AT200|AT205|AT270|AT275|AT300|AT305|AT1S5|AT500|AT570|AT700|AT830)|TOSHIBA.*FOLIO",LGTablet:"\\bL-06C|LG-V909|LG-V900|LG-V700|LG-V510|LG-V500|LG-V410|LG-V400|LG-VK810\\b",FujitsuTablet:"Android.*\\b(F-01D|F-02F|F-05E|F-10D|M532|Q572)\\b",PrestigioTablet:"PMP3170B|PMP3270B|PMP3470B|PMP7170B|PMP3370B|PMP3570C|PMP5870C|PMP3670B|PMP5570C|PMP5770D|PMP3970B|PMP3870C|PMP5580C|PMP5880D|PMP5780D|PMP5588C|PMP7280C|PMP7280C3G|PMP7280|PMP7880D|PMP5597D|PMP5597|PMP7100D|PER3464|PER3274|PER3574|PER3884|PER5274|PER5474|PMP5097CPRO|PMP5097|PMP7380D|PMP5297C|PMP5297C_QUAD|PMP812E|PMP812E3G|PMP812F|PMP810E|PMP880TD|PMT3017|PMT3037|PMT3047|PMT3057|PMT7008|PMT5887|PMT5001|PMT5002",LenovoTablet:"Lenovo TAB|Idea(Tab|Pad)( 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7",YarvikTablet:"Android.*\\b(TAB210|TAB211|TAB224|TAB250|TAB260|TAB264|TAB310|TAB360|TAB364|TAB410|TAB411|TAB420|TAB424|TAB450|TAB460|TAB461|TAB464|TAB465|TAB467|TAB468|TAB07-100|TAB07-101|TAB07-150|TAB07-151|TAB07-152|TAB07-200|TAB07-201-3G|TAB07-210|TAB07-211|TAB07-212|TAB07-214|TAB07-220|TAB07-400|TAB07-485|TAB08-150|TAB08-200|TAB08-201-3G|TAB08-201-30|TAB09-100|TAB09-211|TAB09-410|TAB10-150|TAB10-201|TAB10-211|TAB10-400|TAB10-410|TAB13-201|TAB274EUK|TAB275EUK|TAB374EUK|TAB462EUK|TAB474EUK|TAB9-200)\\b",MedionTablet:"Android.*\\bOYO\\b|LIFE.*(P9212|P9514|P9516|S9512)|LIFETAB",ArnovaTablet:"97G4|AN10G2|AN7bG3|AN7fG3|AN8G3|AN8cG3|AN7G3|AN9G3|AN7dG3|AN7dG3ST|AN7dG3ChildPad|AN10bG3|AN10bG3DT|AN9G2",IntensoTablet:"INM8002KP|INM1010FP|INM805ND|Intenso Tab|TAB1004",IRUTablet:"M702pro",MegafonTablet:"MegaFon V9|\\bZTE V9\\b|Android.*\\bMT7A\\b",EbodaTablet:"E-Boda (Supreme|Impresspeed|Izzycomm|Essential)",AllViewTablet:"Allview.*(Viva|Alldro|City|Speed|All TV|Frenzy|Quasar|Shine|TX1|AX1|AX2)",ArchosTablet:"\\b(101G9|80G9|A101IT)\\b|Qilive 97R|Archos5|\\bARCHOS (70|79|80|90|97|101|FAMILYPAD|)(b|c|)(G10| Cobalt| TITANIUM(HD|)| Xenon| Neon|XSK| 2| XS 2| PLATINUM| CARBON|GAMEPAD)\\b",AinolTablet:"NOVO7|NOVO8|NOVO10|Novo7Aurora|Novo7Basic|NOVO7PALADIN|novo9-Spark",NokiaLumiaTablet:"Lumia 2520",SonyTablet:"Sony.*Tablet|Xperia Tablet|Sony Tablet S|SO-03E|SGPT12|SGPT13|SGPT114|SGPT121|SGPT122|SGPT123|SGPT111|SGPT112|SGPT113|SGPT131|SGPT132|SGPT133|SGPT211|SGPT212|SGPT213|SGP311|SGP312|SGP321|EBRD1101|EBRD1102|EBRD1201|SGP351|SGP341|SGP511|SGP512|SGP521|SGP541|SGP551|SGP621|SGP641|SGP612|SOT31|SGP771|SGP611|SGP612|SGP712",PhilipsTablet:"\\b(PI2010|PI3000|PI3100|PI3105|PI3110|PI3205|PI3210|PI3900|PI4010|PI7000|PI7100)\\b",CubeTablet:"Android.*(K8GT|U9GT|U10GT|U16GT|U17GT|U18GT|U19GT|U20GT|U23GT|U30GT)|CUBE 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\\b(E3A|T3X|T5C|T5B|T3E|T3C|T3B|T1J|T1F|T2A|T1H|T1i|E1C|T1-E|T5-A|T4|E1-B|T2Ci|T1-B|T1-D|O1-A|E1-A|T1-A|T3A|T4i)\\b ",DanyTechTablet:"Genius Tab G3|Genius Tab S2|Genius Tab Q3|Genius Tab G4|Genius Tab Q4|Genius Tab G-II|Genius TAB GII|Genius TAB GIII|Genius Tab S1",GalapadTablet:"Android [0-9.]+; [a-z-]+; \\bG1\\b",MicromaxTablet:"Funbook|Micromax.*\\b(P250|P560|P360|P362|P600|P300|P350|P500|P275)\\b",KarbonnTablet:"Android.*\\b(A39|A37|A34|ST8|ST10|ST7|Smart Tab3|Smart Tab2)\\b",AllFineTablet:"Fine7 Genius|Fine7 Shine|Fine7 Air|Fine8 Style|Fine9 More|Fine10 Joy|Fine11 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7004|FreeTAB 7800|FreeTAB 2096|FreeTAB 7.5|FreeTAB 1014|FreeTAB 1001 |FreeTAB 8001|FreeTAB 9706|FreeTAB 9702|FreeTAB 7003|FreeTAB 7002|FreeTAB 1002|FreeTAB 7801|FreeTAB 1331|FreeTAB 1004|FreeTAB 8002|FreeTAB 8014|FreeTAB 9704|FreeTAB 1003",VoninoTablet:"\\b(Argus[ _]?S|Diamond[ _]?79HD|Emerald[ _]?78E|Luna[ _]?70C|Onyx[ _]?S|Onyx[ _]?Z|Orin[ _]?HD|Orin[ _]?S|Otis[ _]?S|SpeedStar[ _]?S|Magnet[ _]?M9|Primus[ _]?94[ _]?3G|Primus[ _]?94HD|Primus[ _]?QS|Android.*\\bQ8\\b|Sirius[ _]?EVO[ _]?QS|Sirius[ _]?QS|Spirit[ _]?S)\\b",ECSTablet:"V07OT2|TM105A|S10OT1|TR10CS1",StorexTablet:"eZee[_']?(Tab|Go)[0-9]+|TabLC7|Looney Tunes Tab",VodafoneTablet:"SmartTab([ ]+)?[0-9]+|SmartTabII10|SmartTabII7|VF-1497|VFD 1400",EssentielBTablet:"Smart[ ']?TAB[ ]+?[0-9]+|Family[ ']?TAB2",RossMoorTablet:"RM-790|RM-997|RMD-878G|RMD-974R|RMT-705A|RMT-701|RME-601|RMT-501|RMT-711",iMobileTablet:"i-mobile i-note",TolinoTablet:"tolino tab [0-9.]+|tolino shine",AudioSonicTablet:"\\bC-22Q|T7-QC|T-17B|T-17P\\b",AMPETablet:"Android.* A78 ",SkkTablet:"Android.* (SKYPAD|PHOENIX|CYCLOPS)",TecnoTablet:"TECNO P9|TECNO DP8D",JXDTablet:"Android.* \\b(F3000|A3300|JXD5000|JXD3000|JXD2000|JXD300B|JXD300|S5800|S7800|S602b|S5110b|S7300|S5300|S602|S603|S5100|S5110|S601|S7100a|P3000F|P3000s|P101|P200s|P1000m|P200m|P9100|P1000s|S6600b|S908|P1000|P300|S18|S6600|S9100)\\b",iJoyTablet:"Tablet (Spirit 7|Essentia|Galatea|Fusion|Onix 7|Landa|Titan|Scooby|Deox|Stella|Themis|Argon|Unique 7|Sygnus|Hexen|Finity 7|Cream|Cream X2|Jade|Neon 7|Neron 7|Kandy|Scape|Saphyr 7|Rebel|Biox|Rebel|Rebel 8GB|Myst|Draco 7|Myst|Tab7-004|Myst|Tadeo Jones|Tablet Boing|Arrow|Draco Dual Cam|Aurix|Mint|Amity|Revolution|Finity 9|Neon 9|T9w|Amity 4GB Dual Cam|Stone 4GB|Stone 8GB|Andromeda|Silken|X2|Andromeda II|Halley|Flame|Saphyr 9,7|Touch 8|Planet|Triton|Unique 10|Hexen 10|Memphis 4GB|Memphis 8GB|Onix 10)",FX2Tablet:"FX2 PAD7|FX2 PAD10",XoroTablet:"KidsPAD 701|PAD[ ]?712|PAD[ ]?714|PAD[ ]?716|PAD[ ]?717|PAD[ ]?718|PAD[ ]?720|PAD[ ]?721|PAD[ ]?722|PAD[ ]?790|PAD[ ]?792|PAD[ ]?900|PAD[ ]?9715D|PAD[ ]?9716DR|PAD[ ]?9718DR|PAD[ ]?9719QR|PAD[ ]?9720QR|TelePAD1030|Telepad1032|TelePAD730|TelePAD731|TelePAD732|TelePAD735Q|TelePAD830|TelePAD9730|TelePAD795|MegaPAD 1331|MegaPAD 1851|MegaPAD 2151",ViewsonicTablet:"ViewPad 10pi|ViewPad 10e|ViewPad 10s|ViewPad E72|ViewPad7|ViewPad E100|ViewPad 7e|ViewSonic VB733|VB100a",VerizonTablet:"QTAQZ3|QTAIR7|QTAQTZ3|QTASUN1|QTASUN2|QTAXIA1",OdysTablet:"LOOX|XENO10|ODYS[ -](Space|EVO|Xpress|NOON)|\\bXELIO\\b|Xelio10Pro|XELIO7PHONETAB|XELIO10EXTREME|XELIOPT2|NEO_QUAD10",CaptivaTablet:"CAPTIVA PAD",IconbitTablet:"NetTAB|NT-3702|NT-3702S|NT-3702S|NT-3603P|NT-3603P|NT-0704S|NT-0704S|NT-3805C|NT-3805C|NT-0806C|NT-0806C|NT-0909T|NT-0909T|NT-0907S|NT-0907S|NT-0902S|NT-0902S",TeclastTablet:"T98 4G|\\bP80\\b|\\bX90HD\\b|X98 Air|X98 Air 3G|\\bX89\\b|P80 3G|\\bX80h\\b|P98 Air|\\bX89HD\\b|P98 3G|\\bP90HD\\b|P89 3G|X98 3G|\\bP70h\\b|P79HD 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Edge",IE:"IEMobile|MSIEMobile",Firefox:"fennec|firefox.*maemo|(Mobile|Tablet).*Firefox|Firefox.*Mobile|FxiOS",Bolt:"bolt",TeaShark:"teashark",Blazer:"Blazer",Safari:"Version((?!\\bEdgiOS\\b).)*Mobile.*Safari|Safari.*Mobile|MobileSafari",WeChat:"\\bMicroMessenger\\b",UCBrowser:"UC.*Browser|UCWEB",baiduboxapp:"baiduboxapp",baidubrowser:"baidubrowser",DiigoBrowser:"DiigoBrowser",Mercury:"\\bMercury\\b",ObigoBrowser:"Obigo",NetFront:"NF-Browser",GenericBrowser:"NokiaBrowser|OviBrowser|OneBrowser|TwonkyBeamBrowser|SEMC.*Browser|FlyFlow|Minimo|NetFront|Novarra-Vision|MQQBrowser|MicroMessenger",PaleMoon:"Android.*PaleMoon|Mobile.*PaleMoon"},props:{Mobile:"Mobile/[VER]",Build:"Build/[VER]",Version:"Version/[VER]",VendorID:"VendorID/[VER]",iPad:"iPad.*CPU[a-z ]+[VER]",iPhone:"iPhone.*CPU[a-z ]+[VER]",iPod:"iPod.*CPU[a-z ]+[VER]",Kindle:"Kindle/[VER]",Chrome:["Chrome/[VER]","CriOS/[VER]","CrMo/[VER]"],Coast:["Coast/[VER]"],Dolfin:"Dolfin/[VER]",Firefox:["Firefox/[VER]","FxiOS/[VER]"],Fennec:"Fennec/[VER]",Edge:"Edge/[VER]",IE:["IEMobile/[VER];","IEMobile [VER]","MSIE [VER];","Trident/[0-9.]+;.*rv:[VER]"],NetFront:"NetFront/[VER]",NokiaBrowser:"NokiaBrowser/[VER]",Opera:[" OPR/[VER]","Opera Mini/[VER]","Version/[VER]"],"Opera Mini":"Opera Mini/[VER]","Opera Mobi":"Version/[VER]",UCBrowser:["UCWEB[VER]","UC.*Browser/[VER]"],MQQBrowser:"MQQBrowser/[VER]",MicroMessenger:"MicroMessenger/[VER]",baiduboxapp:"baiduboxapp/[VER]",baidubrowser:"baidubrowser/[VER]",SamsungBrowser:"SamsungBrowser/[VER]",Iron:"Iron/[VER]",Safari:["Version/[VER]","Safari/[VER]"],Skyfire:"Skyfire/[VER]",Tizen:"Tizen/[VER]",Webkit:"webkit[ /][VER]",PaleMoon:"PaleMoon/[VER]",SailfishBrowser:"SailfishBrowser/[VER]",Gecko:"Gecko/[VER]",Trident:"Trident/[VER]",Presto:"Presto/[VER]",Goanna:"Goanna/[VER]",iOS:" \\bi?OS\\b [VER][ ;]{1}",Android:"Android [VER]",Sailfish:"Sailfish [VER]",BlackBerry:["BlackBerry[\\w]+/[VER]","BlackBerry.*Version/[VER]","Version/[VER]"],BREW:"BREW [VER]",Java:"Java/[VER]","Windows Phone OS":["Windows Phone OS [VER]","Windows Phone [VER]"],"Windows Phone":"Windows Phone [VER]","Windows CE":"Windows CE/[VER]","Windows NT":"Windows NT [VER]",Symbian:["SymbianOS/[VER]","Symbian/[VER]"],webOS:["webOS/[VER]","hpwOS/[VER];"]},utils:{Bot:"Googlebot|facebookexternalhit|Google-AMPHTML|s~amp-validator|AdsBot-Google|Google Keyword Suggestion|Facebot|YandexBot|YandexMobileBot|bingbot|ia_archiver|AhrefsBot|Ezooms|GSLFbot|WBSearchBot|Twitterbot|TweetmemeBot|Twikle|PaperLiBot|Wotbox|UnwindFetchor|Exabot|MJ12bot|YandexImages|TurnitinBot|Pingdom|contentkingapp|AspiegelBot",MobileBot:"Googlebot-Mobile|AdsBot-Google-Mobile|YahooSeeker/M1A1-R2D2",DesktopMode:"WPDesktop",TV:"SonyDTV|HbbTV",WebKit:"(webkit)[ /]([\\w.]+)",Console:"\\b(Nintendo|Nintendo WiiU|Nintendo 3DS|Nintendo Switch|PLAYSTATION|Xbox)\\b",Watch:"SM-V700"}},g.detectMobileBrowsers={fullPattern:/(android|bb\d+|meego).+mobile|avantgo|bada\/|blackberry|blazer|compal|elaine|fennec|hiptop|iemobile|ip(hone|od)|iris|kindle|lge |maemo|midp|mmp|mobile.+firefox|netfront|opera m(ob|in)i|palm( os)?|phone|p(ixi|re)\/|plucker|pocket|psp|series(4|6)0|symbian|treo|up\.(browser|link)|vodafone|wap|windows ce|xda|xiino/i,shortPattern:/1207|6310|6590|3gso|4thp|50[1-6]i|770s|802s|a wa|abac|ac(er|oo|s\-)|ai(ko|rn)|al(av|ca|co)|amoi|an(ex|ny|yw)|aptu|ar(ch|go)|as(te|us)|attw|au(di|\-m|r |s )|avan|be(ck|ll|nq)|bi(lb|rd)|bl(ac|az)|br(e|v)w|bumb|bw\-(n|u)|c55\/|capi|ccwa|cdm\-|cell|chtm|cldc|cmd\-|co(mp|nd)|craw|da(it|ll|ng)|dbte|dc\-s|devi|dica|dmob|do(c|p)o|ds(12|\-d)|el(49|ai)|em(l2|ul)|er(ic|k0)|esl8|ez([4-7]0|os|wa|ze)|fetc|fly(\-|_)|g1 u|g560|gene|gf\-5|g\-mo|go(\.w|od)|gr(ad|un)|haie|hcit|hd\-(m|p|t)|hei\-|hi(pt|ta)|hp( i|ip)|hs\-c|ht(c(\-| |_|a|g|p|s|t)|tp)|hu(aw|tc)|i\-(20|go|ma)|i230|iac( |\-|\/)|ibro|idea|ig01|ikom|im1k|inno|ipaq|iris|ja(t|v)a|jbro|jemu|jigs|kddi|keji|kgt( |\/)|klon|kpt |kwc\-|kyo(c|k)|le(no|xi)|lg( g|\/(k|l|u)|50|54|\-[a-w])|libw|lynx|m1\-w|m3ga|m50\/|ma(te|ui|xo)|mc(01|21|ca)|m\-cr|me(rc|ri)|mi(o8|oa|ts)|mmef|mo(01|02|bi|de|do|t(\-| |o|v)|zz)|mt(50|p1|v )|mwbp|mywa|n10[0-2]|n20[2-3]|n30(0|2)|n50(0|2|5)|n7(0(0|1)|10)|ne((c|m)\-|on|tf|wf|wg|wt)|nok(6|i)|nzph|o2im|op(ti|wv)|oran|owg1|p800|pan(a|d|t)|pdxg|pg(13|\-([1-8]|c))|phil|pire|pl(ay|uc)|pn\-2|po(ck|rt|se)|prox|psio|pt\-g|qa\-a|qc(07|12|21|32|60|\-[2-7]|i\-)|qtek|r380|r600|raks|rim9|ro(ve|zo)|s55\/|sa(ge|ma|mm|ms|ny|va)|sc(01|h\-|oo|p\-)|sdk\/|se(c(\-|0|1)|47|mc|nd|ri)|sgh\-|shar|sie(\-|m)|sk\-0|sl(45|id)|sm(al|ar|b3|it|t5)|so(ft|ny)|sp(01|h\-|v\-|v )|sy(01|mb)|t2(18|50)|t6(00|10|18)|ta(gt|lk)|tcl\-|tdg\-|tel(i|m)|tim\-|t\-mo|to(pl|sh)|ts(70|m\-|m3|m5)|tx\-9|up(\.b|g1|si)|utst|v400|v750|veri|vi(rg|te)|vk(40|5[0-3]|\-v)|vm40|voda|vulc|vx(52|53|60|61|70|80|81|83|85|98)|w3c(\-| )|webc|whit|wi(g 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