酒店的早餐大多为印度制式，糊糊酱酱，味道也不太习惯。于是，我一周吃十四个鸡蛋，如果晚饭不小心点了蛋炒饭的话，数量就更多。现在已经无蛋不欢了，而且一定得single side，就是那种叉子稍稍用力过一点儿，蛋黄就会流满一盘子的状态，吃起来很技术，很生猛，很个性，完了再舔舔叉子，high

当然，今天的主题不是关于早饭的鸡蛋，而是晚饭的鸡蛋。

晚饭的时候，和Leo聊天，不知为何，聊到了鸡蛋和石头的问题。他郑重的问我说，鸡蛋碰石头，你选哪边？我说，我永远站在鸡蛋这边。我们双方都对这个答案很满意，碰杯示意。不过，这话不是我说的，是小日本那边的一个叫村上春树的人说的。他想表达的是，坚持描写微不足道的小人物，用以对抗强大的既有体制和权力，这是道德的力量。而事实上，我想表达的是，我这辈子都不可能成为石头，哪怕是厕所里又臭又硬的石头，这是无奈的妥协。我想，Leo现在一定觉得我可伟大啦，哈哈。

说到鸡蛋，再扯远点儿。我党已经认识到国域网的重要性，正在批量培训正义的评论群体，用以调教涉世未深的贫苦百姓们。教材如下：

A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：隔壁家那鸭蛋更难吃，你咋不说呢？
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：请拿出建设性的意见来，有本事你下个好吃的蛋来。
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：下蛋的是一只勤劳勇敢善良正直的鸡。
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：比前年的蛋已经进步很多了。
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：你就是吃这鸡蛋长大的，你有什么权力说这蛋不好吃？
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：你这么说是什么居心什么目的？
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：自己家鸡下的蛋都说不好吃，你还是不是中国人
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：tmd，我怀疑你是轮子
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：光抱怨有什么用，有这个时间还不如努力去赚钱
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：台湾网T，gun，这里不欢迎你
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：幼右心理阴暗，连鸡蛋不好吃也要发牢骚
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：该鸡蛋被一小撮不会下蛋的母鸡煽动导致变臭
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：该用户发言已被管理员屏蔽
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：中国的鸡蛋就难吃，美国的鸡蛋就好吃？卖国贼！
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：台湾的鸡蛋好吃，你去呀，看不核平了你！
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：中国的鸡蛋已经可以打败美国的鸭蛋，自豪！
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：祖国的鸡生的蛋，再难吃我也不嫌弃！
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：外国主子给你多少钱，你在这儿胡说？
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：你竟敢说我们养鸡场的鸡蛋难吃？你站在谁的立场上说话？
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：端起碗吃蛋，放下筷子骂娘，不知好歹，忘恩负义，无耻！
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：难吃的鸡蛋是极少数，绝大多数鸡蛋是好的，是优秀的，是经得起考验的！
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：这是少数不法分子在蒙蔽不明真相的群众！
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：这是别有用心的煽动，你想干什么？
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：这是谣言，我可以负责任地说，我们的鸡蛋都是合格的！
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：这是没有根据的，希望媒体能客观报道。
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：我看，有些人的鸡蛋不怎么样，我们的鸡蛋好五倍！
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：正确的导向是我们养鸡场之福，错误的导向是我们养鸡场之祸！
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：我们养鸡场处于初级阶段，必须坚持基本养鸡方法二十年不动摇！
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：我们要建设有自己特色的养鸡场，让母鸡下出有自己特色的蛋！
A：这只鸡蛋真难吃。
B：虽然口感差了点，但对我们的身体是有益的，如果擅自引进一只美国蛋，我们的吸收系统和胃的承受力乃至整个内分泌，恐怕都会崩溃的。——理性左派学者。
A：这只鸡蛋真难吃。
B：这只鸡蛋难吃和地震无关——地震专家。
A：这只鸡蛋真难吃。
B：有国外敌对势力擅自对我国鸡蛋说三道四——刘建超。
A：这只鸡蛋真难吃。
B：中国鸡，加油！——中国爱国青年。
A：这只鸡蛋真难吃。
B：鉴于北京食客无理取闹地说鸡蛋难吃，我们两次赴京说服劝解，无效。——上海警方
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：这是近日网上有人别有用心的造谣。
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：你是少数不明真相的人，怎么可能难吃呢？
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：国福民强，你杂不换鸡肉吃？
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：没有一只蛋是十全十美的，所以就无权对蛋说三道四！
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：大清的蛋好不好吃，清朝人 民最清楚
A：这鸡蛋真难吃。
B：想想旧社会，穷人连饭都吃不上，每天咽糠吃野菜， 今天的幸福生活是无数先烈用生命和鲜血换来的， 你要好好珍惜啊
A：此鸡蛋真难吃
B：这是鸡下蛋的初级阶段，要吃好鸡蛋，要到高级阶段，这初级阶段是一个很漫长的过程

OK，培训结束，从上面可以看出，现如今，50 cents也不好挣。

最后以村上春树零九年二月十五日在耶路撒冷领奖时的演讲词结束本篇（注：亲自前往人家地盘，领了人家的耶路撒冷文学奖，还当面斥责人家的加沙空袭，这哥们儿玩得真大）

今天我以一名小说家的身分来到耶路撒冷。而小说家，正是所谓的职业谎言制造者。
当然，不只小说家会说谎。众所周知，政治人物也会说谎。外交官、将军、二手车业务员、屠夫和建筑师亦不例外。但是小说家的谎言和其它人不同。没有人会责怪小说家说谎不道德。相反地，小说家愈努力说谎，把谎言说得愈大愈好，大众和评论家反而愈赞赏他。为什么？
今天，我不打算说谎
我的答案是：藉由高超的谎言，也就是创作出几可乱真的小说情节，小说家才能将真相带到新的地方，也才能赋予它新的光辉。
在大多数的情况下，我们几乎无法掌握真相，也无法精准的描绘真相。因此，必须把真相从藏匿处挖掘出来，转化到另一个虚构的时空，用虚构的形式来表达。
但是在此之前，我们必须先清楚知道，真相就在我们心中的某处。这是小说家编造好谎言的必要条件。
今天，我不打算说谎。我会尽可能地诚实。我在一年之中只有几天不会说谎，今天刚好就是其中之一。
请容我告诉你们真相。
在日本，许多人建议我不要来这里接受耶路撒冷文学奖。甚至有人警告我，如果我坚持前来，他们会联合抵制我的小说。主要的原因，当然是迦萨正在发生的激烈战斗。
根据联合国调查，在被封锁的迦萨城内，已经有超过千人丧生，许多人是手无寸铁的平民、孩童和老人。
我收到获奖通知后，不断问自己：此时到耶路撒冷接受文学奖，是否正确？这会不会让人认为我支持冲突中的某一方，或认为我支持一个发动压倒性武力攻击的国家政策？老实说，我也不想看到自己的书被抵制。
经过反复思考，我还是决定来到这里。原因之一是，太多人反对我来。我和许多小说家一样，总是要做人们反对的事情。如果有人对我说，尤其是警告我说，「不要去」、「不要这么做」，我通常反而会特别想去、特别想做。
这就是小说家的天性。小说家是特别的族群，除非亲眼所见，亲手触摸，否则他们不会相信任何事情。
我来到这里，我选择亲身面对而非置身事外；我选择亲眼目睹而非蒙蔽双眼；我选择开口说话，而非沉默不语。
但是这不代表我要发表任何政治讯息。判断对错，当然是小说家的重要责任，但如何传递判断，每个作家有不同的选择。我个人偏好用故事、尤其用超现实的故事来表达。因此，我今天不会在你们面前发表任何直接的政治讯息。
不过，请容我在这里向你们传达一个非常私人的讯息。这是我创作时永远牢记在心的话语。我从未将这句话真正行诸文字或贴在墙壁，而是刻划在我心灵深处的墙上。这句话是这样的：
「以卵击石，在高大坚硬的墙和鸡蛋之间，我永远站在鸡蛋那方。」
无论高墙是多么正确，鸡蛋是多么地错误，我永远站在鸡蛋这边。
谁是谁非，自有他人、时间、历史来定论。但若小说家无论何种原因，写出站在高墙这方的作品，这作品岂有任何价值可言？
这代表什么意思呢？轰炸机、战车、火箭和白磷弹就是那堵高墙；而被它们压碎、烧焦和射杀的平民则是鸡蛋。这是这个比喻的其中一层涵义。
更深一层的看，我们每个人，也或多或少都是一枚鸡蛋。我们都是独一无二，装在脆弱外壳中的灵魂。你我也或多或少，都必须面对一堵名为「体制」的高墙。体制照理应该保护我们，但有时它却残杀我们，或迫使我们冷酷、有效率、系统化地残杀别人。
是我们创造了体制
我写小说只有一个原因，就是给予每个灵魂尊严，让它们得以沐浴在阳光之下。故事的目的在于提醒世人，在于检视体制，避免它驯化我们的灵魂、剥夺灵魂的意义。我深信小说家的职责就是透过创作故事，关于生死、爱情、让人感动落泪、恐惧颤抖或开怀大笑的故事，让人们意识到每个灵魂的独一无二和不可取代。这就是我们为何日复一日，如此严肃编织小说的原因。
我九十岁的父亲去年过世。他是位退休老师和兼职的和尚。当他在京都的研究所念书时，被强制征召到中国打仗。
身为战后出生的小孩，我很好奇为何他每天早餐前，都在家中佛坛非常虔诚地祈祷。有一次我问他原因，他说他是在为所有死于战争的人们祈祷，无论是战友或敌人。看着他跪在佛坛前的背影，我似乎感受到周遭环绕着死亡的阴影。
我父亲过世了，带走那些我永远无法尽知的记忆。但环绕他周遭那些死亡的阴影却留在我的记忆中。这是我从他身上继承的少数东西之一，却也是最重要的东西之一。
今天，我只希望能向你们传达一个讯息。我们都是人类，超越国籍、种族和宗教，我们都只是一枚面对体制高墙的脆弱鸡蛋。无论怎么看，我们都毫无胜算。墙实在是太高、太坚硬，也太过冷酷了。战胜它的唯一可能，只来自于我们全心相信每个灵魂都是独一无二的，只来自于我们全心相信灵魂彼此融合，所能产生的温暖。
请花些时间思考这点：我们每个人都拥有独特而活生生的灵魂，体制却没有。我们不能允许体制剥削我们，我们不能允许体制自行其道。体制并未创造我们：是我们创造了体制。
这就是我想对你们说的。

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一周后的这个时候，我将坐在从马斯喀特经停多哈，飞往上海的航班上。时间过得真快，三个月的阿曼生活转眼间就要结束了。

还记得当初知道要出差阿曼时的心情，紧张中带着激动。印象中的中东国家都富得流油但又充满战乱、景色美丽但又炎热难耐，现在，我终于要亲自体验了。

我很幸运。当我走下飞机的舷梯时，我发现，我挑了个好季节。阿曼进入11月以后，气温开始下降，接下来的3个月，都保持在23摄氏度左右，相当宜人。而在这之前，阿曼的平均温度为40摄氏度，最高温度达到了54摄氏度。这个地方叫马斯喀特（Muscat），阿曼的首都，我将在这里开始我的阿曼生活。

我是来为阿曼电信的一个项目工作的，但杯具的是，我在机场购买了阿曼电信竞争对手的手机卡，真没给客户留面子，更杯具的是，阿曼电信的充值卡打95折，Nawras不打折。

都说阿拉伯国家生活节奏慢，我有切身体会。他们平时工作慢慢悠悠，周末的时候大部分人都休息，甚至包括邮局这种涉及到民生的部门，也要关门歇业。为了寄一张明信片，我跑了三次邮局。

在国内，出租车不打表这种情况会被投诉，这里不同，所有的出租车都不打表，给多给少全凭一张嘴。有可能同一个地方今天花3RO，明天讲讲价，1RO也能到。注意，这里的货币比国内值钱多了，1RO差不多折合18元人民币。作为一个浅肤色外国人，千万不能因为出租车司机穿得很虔诚，就被麻痹了，以为他们全都善良。很多司机很狡猾，一看是老外（很怪异的感觉，称自己为老外）第一是乱喊价，第二是跑完以后找借口涨价。我遇到好几次，一定要义正言辞的拒绝所有的无理要求。

经过长达一个月的等待，我终于办理了两年期的阿曼居住证，在之后的两年时间内，我都能随意的进出这个国家了，再也不用像这次一样，和大量的来自印度、巴基斯坦、菲律宾的外劳们在一起，排着弯弯曲曲的队伍等待入关。

说到印度，我们常常和印度朋友开玩笑，阿曼其实已经是印度的一个州了。这里随处可见印度人，他们从事着各种行业，印度餐馆到处都是。因此，虽然我没有去过印度，但是已经对印度的饮食有些熟悉了。一开始，我只是在酒店吃炒饭，蛋炒饭、菜炒饭、鸡肉炒饭、混合炒饭……后来开始慢慢接触其他的种类。现在我能分清各种dosa（一种面饼，伴着几种酱汁）、paapad（一种薄脆饼），甚至能试着用手撕开poori（另外一种饼），就着土豆羹吃掉，只是我的手还相当不熟练。印度人只用右手吃饭，问原因，都泯然一笑，不解释。难道果真如同网上所说，左手是用来洗屁股的？

虽然阿曼绝大多数人信仰伊斯兰教，但是并不像塔利班一样极端。这里什么都有，必胜客、肯德基、麦当劳，流行音乐，电视电影，还能买到酒，只是需要许可证。上次和华为的兄弟们吃饭，他们居然还能弄到猪肉。由于教义和法律的严厉，这里治安挺好的，听说偷东西要断手，大家都对别人的东西没什么想法。我经常看到路边的车没关窗玻璃，这在国内简直就是不可想象的事情。

风光不错，趁着周末的时候，去周围玩了玩，贴点儿照片，点击图片可看到大图。

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一开始，我想先引用一段话：

所有在看这个视频的魔兽玩家们，我是看你妹，请举起你的手，我需要你的力量。我知道，他们杀油土鳖的时候，你没举。他们封推特的时候，你没举。他们杀饭否的时候，你也没举。现在，我们有可能连魔兽世界也失去。我也知道，我们都是屁民。在老太碰瓷、捞尸卖钱、飞车撞人、钓鱼执法面前，我们做什么也救不了心爱的游戏。但至少，你可以电脑面前举起你的手。并把你的声音，把你的力量通过这局域网传给我，为了我们仅有的精神家园，一起高喊：我们是魔兽玩家。

这是一个关于魔兽世界的话题，我不玩魔兽，但是我被上面这段话所吸引。一小时的时间很快过去了，我知道，它不仅仅是在讲述魔兽，它的名字叫做《网瘾战争》。

在Twitter上看到很多人谈论这部山寨视频，他们用来描述的关键字是：感动。我想，一部关于游戏的视频，如何感动着日益麻痹的人们？于是，我也去把它下载下来了http|电驴。

这部视频的角色全由魔兽世界的3D游戏人物出演，情节从模仿终结者穿越救主开始展开，围绕着新版本巫妖王能否顺利开服上线，讲述了玩家与镇压者的斗争过程。台词紧凑诙谐，夹杂着2009年中国社会的热点名词，让身处其中的我不觉会心一笑。但是随着剧情的发展，我的情绪开始低落，因为影片里玩家所面临的困难，也正是我们每个人生活中默默承受着的窘境。我们从小就习惯于各式各样的专家教授，站在道德的制高点对我们指指点点，从杨永信到陶宏开，从于丹到余秋雨，圣人们把我们当作脆弱的小花，周围的环境恶劣复杂，从电子毒品到网瘾沉迷，从内心感悟到含泪劝告，似乎脱离了他们的照顾，我们无法长大，他们眼中，35岁之前都是未成年。而现实呢，高企的房价、噤声的社会以及越来越贵的生活成本，我们的压力越来越大，自由的范围越来越小，甚至只能暂住在我们自己的国家。当男主角声嘶力竭的质问反派杨教授，喊出，“我艹你Ｍ，你们这群狗曰的，我艹你Ｍ！”，我的心里一震。我霎时间明白那些感动到落泪的人的心情。憋屈啊！真ＴＭＤ憋屈！

我们不敢说话，就算我们说了，也会被无视或断章取义。我们曾经和你一样天真，以为这里处处是花园，以为光凭努力就能触及到理想。但抬头仰望金字塔顶的服务者们，手捧着被赐予的“幸福感”退缩到全世界最自由的无路由网，靠低廉的成本互相沟通，靠游戏来缓解生活的痛苦。仅仅这样，他们为了利益，仍然雁过拔 毛般的想尽办法，我们已经习惯了沉默……但这沉默并不代表奴颜卑膝，这钟声会传给你我们的力量，今天他们能为剥削一个游戏而不择手段……

这是发自内心渴望的表达，是的，我们习惯了沉默，但是，请举起我们的手，力量的光芒正在我们手中变亮变大。

在线观看地址（目前有效）

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• 中国人民，万税万税万万税。
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早上醒来，看到一条新闻：《机动车将征收环境税 排量越大缴税越多》，哑然失笑，真是清早就遇乌鸦屎，衰到家了。之前我说过，老大哥在下一盘很大的棋，玩汽车就是其中的一招。09年开年，号称“费改税”的燃油税开始征收，可是到现在，费没少，税照收。09年上半年，严峻的经济形势蔓延得越来越广，于是降低购置税，疯狂的推销汽车，坑完城市坑农村，什么都要下下乡。车卖掉了，现在又多出个环境税，当真是有钱买，没钱开。我完全相信，这其实是早就布好的一个局，谁还在说中国的经济学家没水平？他们运筹帷幄，决胜于千里之外。只是，我疑惑于燃油税里边难道没有包含治理污染的开销？燃油税该买的路没买到，该买的空气没买到，那买到什么了呢？至于说排量越大缴税越多，我想，老百姓现在都争相小排量了，只有公仆的奥迪、奔驰、宝马们，排量一个比一个大。他们交税吗？交的话，用的是财政收入，那可是纳税人的钱；不交，环境税到底保护护了谁的环境？所以说，一切都很完美，就是环境税这个名字取得实在是没水平。

生在这个彪悍的国度，我的人生也必须变得彪悍。

说到财政收入。先看一张图片，Google搜索“财政收入”的结果。

2009年全年财政收入，芝麻开花，节节高，各大媒体也打了鸡血似的，拼命宣传，我们的祖国越来越有钱了，难怪首长们当年就讲过，全国的捞钱形势一片大好，不是小好，整个形势比以往任何时候都好。有数据为证，以下是从国家统计局整理的部分统计数据，2008年以后的数据没查不到：

国民生产总值小一半被财政收去了，而且财政收入的增幅相当惊人，照此发展速度，不用10年，GDP就全是财政收入了，难怪靠财政吃饭的公仆们说到增幅脸都快笑烂了。可是就算捞钱，也得有时有晌啊，怎么哼哧哼哧捞起来，就没完没了呢？我国有世界知名的低成本劳动密集型产业，也有世界知名的高成本公务员群体，行政支出的年增幅超过20%，就这么财政的一小半又没了，一小半再加上一小半，再算上各地发达的餐饮业，顺利进入政府采购名单的奔驰宝马，以及没有最贵只有更贵的670万总工会网站【Update：已被和谐】和3520万孔子学院网站，咱们政府也挺为难的，巧妇难为无米之炊。所以我们的教育投入还在为争取达到GDP的4%而奋斗，医疗投入任务更艰巨，目前还不到1%。你说，不多收税，国家怎么能进步？不多收税，我们怎么实现邓爷爷的共同富裕？

说到共同富裕，那也是说起来容易，做起来难啊。好在我们有全球最有脑子的经济学家，通过大幅增加税收，最终能到达一个目的，就是GDP全部成为财政收入，到那个时候，大部分人都没钱，最后穷死，钱都集中到精英群体手中，完美实现了超越其他国家的共同富裕。

想到这里，我释然了。为祖国早日富强而做出贡献，多伟大的事业，国富民亡也在所不惜！就算地皮再刮三尺，对我来说，也不过是天多高了三尺，仅此而已。我衷心的祝愿中国人民，万税万税万万税！

后记：我本来不想写这篇文章，马上就要回国了，我要修身养性，加上还有部分同志指责我不明真相、涉世未深、指鹿为马、颠倒黑白，我都奔三了，还涉世未深，丢人啊。可是，可是，和周围的朋友聊天，西欧不说了，北美不说了，中东也不说了，居然连国人一向瞧不起的印度阿三，我们都比不过，我心里郁结啊，深深的郁结啊。写得很草率，我悔过。

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• 请举起我们的手
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以前逛cnbeta的时候，偶尔会看到某某网上商城因错误标价引来抢购，店家最后要么坚持按标价售出，要么取消订单，但要进行一定程度的补偿。每次看到这种新闻，我就懊恼，为什么好事总是轮不到我？

后来我整明白了，自己的信息来源太窄太慢太无效率，等消息都上cnbeta了，黄花菜早都蔫儿了几茬子，那就拼的是运气，狗屎一般的运气。等到熟悉了Twitter，才发现这个产品太恐怖，简而言之，就是一台大功率谣言散播机。各种谣言，辟谣，反辟谣，辟反辟谣，浩浩荡荡，层峦叠嶂。

这种情况下，再有第一段的好事出现，我要是还抓不住，简直就是誓比猪笨，敢为蠢先。天不负我，前天可被我逮着机会了。卓越网再次标错价格，320G的移动硬盘只要118元。我从Twitter上一获得这个消息，立马就下了订单，一买就买俩，马上打款，不含糊，爷缺的是运气，不缺钱。好容易运气来了，可不得好好干一票。

昨天的新闻，东航居然也标错价格，头等舱只卖20元，经济舱只卖10元。好事难成双，囧事不单行。最近大家伙儿都被工信部非礼Google、孔子强拆Avatar给闹懵了，失误频频啊。对我们来说，果真是最坏的时代，也是最好的时代。

东航这次很负责任，没有说“因为临时工的失误，标价有误，我们已经对临时工进行了处理，之前订单无效”，而是很大气的承诺，所有超级折扣票，都能顺利登机。我激动啊，人家几十万的赔本儿买卖都做了，卓越那边还不是小菜。

今天，卓越的邮件来了，内容在下面，自个儿看吧

尊敬的客户：

您好！感谢您的订购。

我们抱歉地通知您，您在卓越亚马逊网站上购买的劲永牌320GB移动硬盘的价格出现错误。卓越亚马逊上有数百万种商品，因此有些时候难免会出现这类问题。根据我们在卓越亚马逊网站上公布的使用条件中的价格政策：http://www.amazon.cn/static/claim.asp?uid=478-5181363-0560506，出现商品价格错误问题时，如果商品正确价格高于错误的标价时，我们不得不取消您的订单，并且通知您。因此，您的订单已被取消。如果您仍然想购买这个商品，请根据正确的价格再次购买。

对于就此给您带来的不便，请您接受我们真诚的道歉。今后我们将继续努力，尽力确保卓越亚马逊上不再出现此类问题。

我们衷心期待继续为您提供服务。

卓越亚马逊客户服务部

信写得一点儿诚意都没有，我单也定了，款也付了，最后就取消俩字搞定，还说是不得不取消，感情谁逼你把标价定成那样的啊？作为一家网络B2C，花100万打广告，也不如踏踏实实折回本儿赚的多，对商家而言，信誉才是王道。卓越在中国市场混了这么多年，难道它的PR就没搞懂状况？放某些人眼里，还不得大叫：“机会啊，机会啊！”卓越这把玩儿的太失败，好好一次危机营销的机会，浪费了。

作为谣言散播机的Twitter也对这事有反响了，希望能搞得大些、大些再大些，那可就是公众事件啦。我好容易有这么个机会，买不到硬盘，总得让人过过干瘾吧。

相关日志

• 最近在互联网方面的新收获

充满戏剧性的2009终于过去了。一直想稍作盘点，这篇文章本来应该来得更早些，不过，受年度大戏的感染，姗姗来迟，总算还不是太晚，依然控制在2010的第一个月份里。只是，你现在看到的这篇文章，已经转由wordpress驱动，操作系统从windows变为linux，代码从asp变为php，数据库从access变为mysql。如此剧变，也是我不曾料到的。

一月，小沈阳火了，中国人民看着气势汹汹的经济危机，自豪的喊道：“不差钱！”

二月，央视跟着小沈阳火了，烧了大裤衩边上的小鸡鸡。

三月，地方政府执政能力大幅提高，不惜财力，跨省追捕。

四月，H1N1全球爆发，中国率先生产出不可用于幼儿、老人及孕妇的甲流疫苗。

五月，杭州小富哥的三菱车仅仅以七十码的速度就把横穿马路者撞出5米高，高科技！

六月，敏感的月份。上海一栋13层住宅楼受不了绿坝护航的照顾自行整体倒塌，遗体保存完好，郑州官员对此高呼，“你替谁说话？”

七月，大学生声称“被就业”，河南民工直接开胸验肺。

八月，以黑人著称的山西煤老板这下被人给黑了，少啰嗦进贡花了多少钱，统统滚出山西去。

九月，上海开始钓鱼，重庆开始打黑。不管什么形式，核心就一条：“欲加之罪，何患无辞”。

十月，盛大的庆典，举国欢腾，烧钱无数。

十一月，网易抢回了魔兽，看着是块蛋糕，捧着却是山芋，还是烫的。要知道自古以来，便是“神仙打架，屁民遭殃”。

十二月，低俗！低俗！低俗！

记得上次整治低俗的结果是，我的域名全部从国内迁往万恶的资本主义。这次整治低俗的结果就是我一开始提到的，重起炉灶，域名和主机分隔一年之后，终于在美帝的地盘上会合了。

接下来会怎样？可能吧说得好，“因为在中国，所以有话题。”老大哥在下一盘很大很大的棋，我们只需记住自己的角色：“其实我是一个演员。”

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• China Town，我来了
• 请举起我们的手
• 中国人民，万税万税万万税。
• 本周小记
• 吃饱了土豆，瞎想事

老子曾经曰过：“福兮祸之所伏，祸兮福之所倚。”作为老一辈革命家、思想家，他果然有见地。为了挣点儿辛苦钱，我不远万里跑到中东这么个炎热干燥，没事儿就有人惹是生非的沙漠边缘做苦力。在飞机上我就在算，按公司的规定，节假日按当地要求来过。那我的元旦节算是泡汤了，真亏。不曾想，落地仅一周，就得到一个大惊喜，伟大的伊斯兰穆斯林们，要过Eid Holiday啦，这可是一个足足9天的悠长假期。对此，我无法用言语表达我的欣喜，只能在内心欢呼：Eid Mubarak！为啥？这还能为啥，9天，还带薪的！

然后，我选择了看《蜗居》。为什么是它？

第一，我从各个渠道得到的消息，这本小说是本色情读物，根据它改编的电视连续剧是部三级片。
第二，MSN里上海的好友纷纷说，这小说写到心坎里去了。
第三，家里的领导让我给整理一份无删减的小说文本，她好打发时间。
第四，我听说广电总局要封禁这部电视剧了。

看完后，我不得不说，这小说写得，真TM色情，真TM真实。它深刻揭露了以上海为代表的大城市建设的阴暗面，官商勾结，暴力拆迁，夹杂着二奶，小三，婚外情。这些个破烂玩意儿大家都心里有数，但是看这么直白的表达，还是觉得暗爽，难怪有禁播的传言。领导说，市委秘书宋思明和平民女孩海藻之间的爱情很让人心疼，我只能暗暗摇头。小海藻没遇到房子问题的时候，多单纯，连个单球冰淇淋都舍不得消费却依然觉得生活充满希望。直到被宋思明霸王硬上弓后才开始慢慢转变。老宋为什么能轻易达到目的？因为他握有权力，以及用权力换来的财力。达官显贵看上个顺眼的，一上来就“日”后再说，完了施以恩惠，我也相信总会有“日”久生情那么一天的。只是这其中，是真正的感情，还是相互的欲望？海萍说了，爱情就是男人用来骗女人的把戏，要真是个男人，一来先拿钱砸她们，再送上套房子，让她们心灵受伤后有地方可待。如此看来，现在社会，想当个真正的男人，尤其是大城市的男人，不是说你只要带把儿就OK了，门槛高着呢。不过这理论一点儿也没错，我们打小就学政治，马克思辩证唯物主义说：物质决定意识。以前我老听不太明白，现在理论一旦联系了实际，谁都能懂了：没钱没房子，谈个屁爱情。我当初也曾落户上海，当过一段时间的“上海宁”，后又漂在北京，中国另外一个拥有传奇楼市的城市。不过我不像海萍一样对大城市有种莫名的追求，而我家领导有追求但扛不住压力。所以我现在看着这部小说，想想里边提到的两室一厅的大房子，优雅的小区环境，门口有人站岗的“奢望”，只能感叹他们为了80平米还是建筑面积，而不停奔波的艰辛，却无法真正感受到他们的内心。我只能说，有得必有失，That’s it.

========================我是淫荡的分割线==========================

在恪守传统的阿拉伯国家的电台里，我听到了下面这首歌，很黄很暴力，很能体现出石油带给他们的，除了美金，还有开放的文化。（PS：这里石油0.25美金/L，真比水便宜）
配合《蜗居》这部色情剧，倒也合适。

[See post to listen to audio]

I wanna love you
Akon featuring Snoop Dogg

convict…music…and you know we a front.

[chorus: akon]
i see you windin n grindin up on that pole,
i kno u see me lookin’ at you and you already kno
i wanna fuck you, you already know
i wanna fuck you, you already know

[snoop dogg]
money in the air as mo feel
grad you by your coat tail
take you to the motel, hoe sale,
dont tell, wont tell, baby said i dont talk dogg
but she told on me, oh well,
take a picture wit me, what the flick gon do,
baby stick to me ima stick on u,
if u pick me then ima pick on you,
d-o-double g and im here to put this dick on you,
i’m stuck on pussy n urs is right,
wrip ridinin them poles and them doors is tight
and ima get me a shot for the end of the night
cuz pussy is pussy and baby ur pussy for life.
[chorus: akon]
i see you windin n grindin up on that pole,
i kno u see me lookin’ at you and you already kno
i wanna fuck you, you already know
i wanna fuck you, you already know

shorty i can see u aint lonely
handfull of niggas n they all got cheese,
so u lookin at me now whats it gonna be
just another tease far as i can see,
tryin get u up out this club
if it means spendin’ a couple dubs,
throwin bout 30 stacks in the back
make it rain like that cuz i’m far from a scrub,
u kno my pedigree, ex-deala use to move phetamines,
girl i spend money like it dont mean nuthin
n besides i got a thing for u.

[chorus: akon]
i see you windin n grindin up on that pole,
i kno u see me lookin’ at you and you already kno
i wanna fuck you, you already know
i wanna fuck you, you already know

[snoop dogg]
mobbin’ through club in low pressin
im sittin in the back in the smokers section (just smokin),
birds eye, i got a clear view,
you cant see me but i can see u (baby i see u),
its cool we jet the mood is set,
your pussy is wet u rubbin your back and touchin your neck,
ur body is movin’ u humpin’ n jumpin’
ur titties is bouncin’ u smilin’ n grinin’ n lookin at me.

girl n while your looking at me
im ready to hit the caddy right up on the patio
move the patty to the caddy,
baby u got a phatty the type
i like to marry wantin to just give u everythin
n thats kinda scary,
cuz i’m lovin the way you shake your ass ,
bouncin’, got me tippin’ my glass,
lil’ mully dont get caught up to fast
but i got a thing for you.
[chorus: akon]
i see you windin n grindin up on that pole,
i kno u see me lookin’ at you and you already kno
i wanna fuck you, you already know
i wanna fuck you, you already know
[chorus: akon]
i see you windin n grindin up on that pole,
i kno u see me lookin’ at you and you already kno
i wanna fuck you, you already know
i wanna fuck you, you already know
girl…

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N95口罩是用来阻隔95% 的0.3μ微粒，而H1N1病毒的大小是0.1μ左右。所以，靠N95口罩防H1N1就像用蚊帐来挡雨。

Tamiflu does not kill but prevents H1N1 from further proliferation till the virus limits itself in about 1-2 weeks (its natural cycle).H1N1, like other Influenza A viruses, only infects the upper respiratory tract and proliferates (only) there. The only portals of entry are the nostrils and mouth/ throat. In a global epidemic of this nature, it’s almost impossible
not coming into contact with H1N1 in spite of all precautions.
流感疫苗不是用来杀死H1N1病毒，它只能抑制病毒在其1-2周的自然生存周期中繁衍，H1N1跟其他Ａ型流感的病毒一样，感染部位只限于上呼吸道，并在那繁殖，它的唯一入侵途径是口鼻喉，这种全球性的流感，几乎无人能置身事外。

Contact with H1N1 is not so much of a problem as proliferation is.
但接触到H1N1病毒，并不像H1N1传染的问题那么严重。

While you are still healthy and not showing any symptoms of H1N1 infection, in order to prevent proliferation, aggravation of symptoms and development of secondary infections, some very simple steps – not fully highlighted in most official communications- can be practiced (instead of focusing on how to stock N95 or Tamiflu):
当你身体健康，尚未出现H1N1感染症状时，更实用有效的办法（而不是只关注储备N95或流感疫苗），是用以下几种简单的方式来避免少量的H1N1病毒在你体内（如果有接触到的话）繁殖、出现病症、及恶化成二期感染：

1. Frequent hand-washing (well highlighted in all official communications).
    常洗手（在所有的官方警示中，都有重点强调）
 
2. “Hands-off-the-face” approach. Resist all temptations to touch any part of face (unless you want to eat or bathe).
    手绝不碰脸，除非是吃东西和洗脸。

3. Gargle twice a day with warm salt water (use Listerine if you don’t trust salt). H1N1 takes 2-3 days after initial infection in the throat/nasal cavity to proliferate and show characteristic symptoms. Simple gargling prevents proliferation. In a way, gargling with salt water has the same effect on a healthy individual that Tamiflu has on an infected one.
Don’t underestimate this simple, inexpensive and powerful preventative method.
  每天用温盐水（或李斯德林漱口水，如果你不太相信盐水有效的话）漱口两次。H1N1在鼻喉腔内经过2-3天，才开始增生并出现症候，简单的盐水漱口可以抑制病毒繁衍，等于是健康人的流感疫苗，千万不要小看这看似简单、花费不多，但是很有效的办法。

4. Similar to 3 above, clean your nostrils at least once every day with warm salt water. Not everybody may be good at Jala Neti or Sutra Neti (very good Yoga asanas to clean nasal cavities), but blowing the nose hard once a day and swabbing both nostrils with cotton buds dipped in warm salt water is very effective in bringing down viral population.
    以上三点之外，每天用温盐水清洗鼻孔至少一次，不是每个人都会用专业的清洗鼻腔的办法，但吸口气用力将鼻内物质喷出，最后以棉花棒沾温盐水清洁鼻孔 。这对降低鼻中的病毒量非常有效。

5. Boost your natural immunity with foods that are rich in Vitamin C (Such as other citrus fruits). If you have to supplement with Vitamin C tablets, make sure that it also has Zinc to boost absorption.
   更多的食用富含维他命Ｃ的食物（如柑橘类的水果），可增加自身免疫力。如果只能服务Vc片，尽管选用含锌的以提高Vc的吸收。

6. Drink as much of warm liquids as you can. Drinking warm liquids has the same effect as gargling, but in the reverse direction. They wash off proliferating viruses from the throat into the stomach where they cannot survive, proliferate or do any harm.
    多喝温开水或热汤，功效和漱口一样，只是方向相反。随着热水或汤水被喝到胃里的病毒是无法生存、传染或发作的。

7. All these are simple ways to prevent, within means of most households, and certainly much less painful than to wait in long queues outside public hospitals.
   这些都是在家里就做得到的简便预防法，远比痛苦地排长队在医院候诊好得多。

最多留言日志

• 冬天到了
• 先知先觉的圣斗士
• 安大略湖
• 十年，弹指一挥间
• The last week in Canada

前段时间，流行捣腾Google Voice，Google确实有钱有闲，通过Google Voice可以免费拨打全美所有的电话，固话、手机均可，现在已经发展到可以免费拨打加拿大，更重要的是，还免费提供一个真正无限制使用的美国电话号码。虽然以我的角度来看，Google Voice在最近十年内都不会免费拨通中国，也就是说对于没有国际业务，尤其是北美业务的人来说，这就是个无意义的概念，不过国内的广大人民依旧趋之若鹜，不管有用没用，拿了再说，而且往往还一人多号，估计现在Google也怕了，总共就放100万个号，一大半都在中国人手中。所以现在Google Voice的邀请审核基本上停止，仍然还没拿到邀请的同学，只能耐心等待了。

我最喜欢跟风了，所以我也开始捣腾这玩意儿。拿到邀请需要激活，然后简单配置，就能用了，网上到处都是教程，我也不多说，具体参见这里。玩完简单的，就要想办法搞高级点儿。基于Google Voice的免费通话，其实是voip回拨，按照之前教程的配置，虽说来电能直接转到手机、skype、gmail等等各种PSTN或者SIP终端，但是去电拨号就相当不方便，每次都要打开Google Voice的页面，选择Call才能成功拨号。于是，现在我们需要一部软电话。

第一次接触软电话，是进HP后做的第一个实验项目，涉及到SIP协议，用的软件是x-lite。这个软件的界面就是一部商务手机，居然真的能正常的打电话和发短信，当我的手机开始响起来电铃声的时候，我震惊了。那段时间，我没事就用软电话拨自己的手机，然后自言自语。

我现在用eyebeam，它和x-lite一个妈生的，我个人感觉它俩从界面到功能，都没什么太大区别。除了需要电话软件，还需要Google Voice账号、Gizmo5账号、SipSorcery账号各一个，相互之间的配置也不难，Google Voice转移到Gizmo5，Gizmo5再转移到Sipsorcery，这些步骤在前面那个教程里边都有。这里唯一有点儿麻烦的是Sipsorcery的配置，它是基于一种叫做Ruby的类C语言。软电话能不能正常拨通，取决于用Ruby写的Dial Plan是否正确。我捣腾了一阵子，现在终于能用软电话直接拨打美国的电话了。配置如下：

# SIP tracing : true or false
sys.Trace = false

sys.Log("call from #{req.Header.From.FromURI.ToString()} to #{req.URI.User}.")
sys.Log("-------------------------------------------------------------\n")

if sys.In then
# Do your INCOMING call processing customisations here.
if sys.IsAvailable() then
sys.Dial("#{sys.Username}@local",35)
else
sys.Respond(480, "#{sys.Username} Not available")
end
else
# Do your OUTGOING call processing customisations here.
sys.Log("== Called Number #{req.URI.User} ")
case req.URI.User
when /^1/
sys.Log(" Dialing USA #{req.URI.User} through Google Voice service\t")
sys.Log("*****************************************************\n")
sys.GoogleVoiceCall("myname@gmail.com","mypass","1747XXXXXXX","#{req.URI.User}")
else sys.Dial("nonoh")
end
end
end

其中myname@gmail.com是Google Voice对应的账户，mypass是GV的密码，1747XXXXXXX是GV转移的Gizmo5的号码。这个Dial Plan的目的就是国家代码为1的电话时，使用Google Voice拨号，拨其他号码时，使用nonoh的设置，这个nonoh是另外一个voip服务商，注册一个账号可以免费打一段时间电话，我用它能正常拨通中国的座机和手机，当然纯属测试，我的手机套餐每个月都从来没用完过。

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来源于英文维基百科via，由一群强大的闲得蛋疼的高人整理。

Sex

Penis

As in English, many Mandarin Chinese slang terms involve the genitalia or other sexual terms. Slang words for the penis refer to it literally, and are not necessarily negative words:

• jībā (simplified Chinese: 鸡巴; traditional Chinese: 雞巴/鷄巴, IM abbreviation: G8) = cock (used as early as the Yuan Dynasty)
• jījī (simplified Chinese: 鸡鸡; traditional Chinese: 雞雞/鷄鷄, IM: GG) = roughly equivalent of “thingy” as it is the childish version of the above.
• jūju (具具), baby talk, “tool”.
• xiǎo dìdì (小弟弟) = roughly equivalent of “wee-wee” (lit. “little younger brother”)
• kuàxià wù (胯下物) = roughly equivalent of “the package” (lit. “thing under crotch”)
• yīnjīng (simplified Chinese: 阴茎; traditional Chinese: 陰莖) = penis (scientific)
• diǎo (屌 or substituted by 吊) = dick (the same character also means to have sexual intercourse in Cantonese)
• lǎo èr (老二) = penis (lit. “second in the family”, “little brother”)

Vagina

There appear to be more words for vagina, which are more commonly used as insults than the ones for penis. These words are also more aggressive, and have negative connotations:

• bī (屄, 逼, 比, IM: B) = cunt
• èrbī (二屄) = fuck-up (lit. “double vagina”; general insult)
• shǎbī (傻屄) = stupid person (lit. “stupid cunt”) IM: SB
• sāobī (simplified Chinese: 骚屄; traditional Chinese: 騷屄) = bitch (lit. “lewd cunt”)
• chòubī (臭屄) = stinking cunt
• lànbī (simplified Chinese: 烂屄; traditional Chinese: 爛屄) = rotten cunt
• yīndào (simplified Chinese: 阴道; traditional Chinese: 陰道) = vagina (scientific)
• yīnhù (simplified Chinese: 阴户; traditional Chinese: 陰戶) = vulva (scientific)
• zhuāngbī (simplified Chinese: 装屄; traditional Chinese: 裝) = poser (lit. “pretending to be the cunt”)
• dà yí mā (大姨妈) = Literally “The Eldest Aunt”, a popular term which refers to menstruation.^[1][2]

Prostitution

In addition to the above expressions used as insults directed against women, other insults involve insinuating that they are prostitutes:

• chòu biǎozi (臭婊子) = stinking whore
• mài dòufu (simplified Chinese: 卖豆腐; literally “selling tofu”) is a euphemism for prostitution.
• xiǎojiě (小姐) = still means “Miss” in many contexts but now also connotes prostitute to many young women, as it suggests expressions like zuò xiǎojiě (做小姐) or sānpéi xiǎojiě (三陪小姐) , which refers to bargirls who may also be prostitutes
• xiǎo lǎopó (小老婆) = mistress (lit. “little wife” or “little old(old in Chinese 老 doesn’t always refer to the age but some times ,as in this case, express the respect as many other words : 老虎（tiger），老公（husband），老外（foreigner），老板（boss）老师（master or teacher） ) woman”)

Mistress

• xiǎo tàitai (小太太), lit., “little wife” (but definitely not to be mistaken for “the little woman”, which can be a way of referring to a wife in English).
• èr nǎi (二奶), lit., “the second mistress” (means a concubine, a kept woman).

Breasts

• mīmī (咪咪; literally cat’s purring “meow meow”) is a euphemism for breast.
• mántóu (traditional Chinese: 饅頭; simplified Chinese: 馒头; literally “steamed bun”) also refers to a woman’s breasts; as mantou is typical of northern Chinese cuisine this term is used primarily in northern China.
• bō (波, literally “wave” or “undulating”, but sometimes suggested to be derived from “ball” which has a similar pronunciation) = boobs. ^[3] The typical instance is bōbà (Chinese: 波霸), which refers to a woman with very large breasts.
• fúshòu (福寿; literally “happy long life”)
• nǎinǎi (奶奶) = boobies
• zār (Beijing slang)
• gege (Tianjin slang)
• bàorǔ (Chinese: 爆乳; literally “busty breasts (literally “explosive breasts”") = big tits, likely reborrowing from Japanese.
• fēijīchǎng (simplified Chinese: 飞机场; traditional Chinese: 飛機場; literally “airport”) = flat breasts
• háng kōng mǔ jiàn (航空母舰) – literally “aircraft carrier“, referring to a flat chest. Compare with 战舰 (zhàn jiàn), meaning battleship, which refers to larger-sized “chimneys” of the chest.

Anus

• júhuā (菊花; literally “chrysanthemums“) = anus. This word is mostly used by Chinese netizens.
• hóng rì (红日) – Beijing slang for an anus, literally meaning “red sun”, in reference to the Flag of Japan (in which Anti-Japanese sentiment plays a major role in the insult), where the colour red may symbolize blood as a result of intercourse.

Masturbation

Male masturbation, at least, has several vulgar expressions, in addition to two formal/scientific ones that refer to both male and female masturbation (shǒuyín 手淫 and zìwèi 自慰):

• d? shǒuqiāng (simplified Chinese: 打手枪; traditional Chinese: 打手槍) = male masturbation (lit. “firing a handgun”)
• dǎ fēijī (simplified Chinese: 打飞机; traditional Chinese: 打飛機) = male masturbation (lit. “hitting an airplane”). A term which originated from the Cantonese language.
• lǚguǎn/lǚguǎnr (捋管/捋管儿) = male masturbation (lit. “stroke the pipe”)
• wán lǎo èr (玩老二) = male masturbation (lit., “play with little brother”)
• wǔdǎyī (五打一) = male masturbation (lit. “five beating one”)

Sexual intercourse

• cào (肏/操) = to fuck (the Chinese character is made up of components meaning “to enter” and “the flesh”)
• gàn (幹/干) = to do = to fuck (alternatively 搞 gǎo, to do)
• rì (入) (literally “to enter)” = to fuck. The meaning is obvious and in normal contexts 入 is pronounced rù. But when it is used as a coarse expression, the “u” is elided. See 國語辤典, vol. 3, p.3257. It is also commonly seen on internet websites and forums as rì 日, due to similar pronunciation and ease of input.
• chǎofàn (simplified Chinese: 炒饭; traditional Chinese: 炒飯) = to have sex (lit. “stir-fry rice”)
• bàojúhuā (爆菊花) = explode the anus, i.e., insert the penis into the anus

Insults

As in English, a vulgar word for the sexual act is used in insults and expletives:

• cào (肏/操) = fuck (the variant character 肏 was in use as early as the Ming dynasty in the novel Jin Ping Mei). 操 is usually erroneously used as a substitute for 肏 in print or on the computer, because 肏 was until recently often not available for typesetting or input.
• cào nǐ zǔzōng shíbā dài (肏你祖宗十八代) = fuck your ancestors to the eighteenth generation, the cào 肏(fuck) has been substituted for 抄, which meant “confiscate all the property of someone and of his entire extended family.”

Mother

Insulting someone’s mother is also common:

• cào nǐ māde = fuck your mother’s [cunt]
• tā māde (simplified Chinese: 他妈的; traditional Chinese: 他媽的, IM: TMD) = [fuck] his mother’s [cunt] (lit. “his mother’s”; in the 1920s the famous writer Lu Xun joked that this should be China’s national curse word)
• tā mā bāzi (simplified Chinese: 他妈巴子; traditional Chinese: 他媽巴子 his mother’s clitoris. Lu Xun differentiates this expression from the previous one. This one can be said in admiration, whereas “tā māde” is just abusive. See his essay, “On ‘His mother’s’” (論他媽的).
• tā māde niǎo (simplified Chinese: 他妈的鸟; traditional Chinese: 他媽的鳥) = goddamn it (lit. “his mother’s dick”; 鸟/鳥 literally is “bird”, but used here as a euphemism for diǎo; 屌; “penis”)
• qù nǐ nǎinaide (去你奶奶的) = your mom (lit. “go to your grandma”)
• qù nǐ māde (simplified Chinese: 去你妈的; traditional Chinese: 去你媽的) = your mom (lit. “go to your mom”)
• qù nǐde (去你的) = fuck off/shut the fuck up (milder)
• nǐmāde bī (simplified Chinese: 你妈的屄; traditional Chinese: 你媽的屄) = your mother’s cunt
• cào nǐ niáng (肏你娘) / cào nǐ mā (simplified Chinese: 肏你妈; traditional Chinese: 肏你媽) = fuck your mom
• gàn nǐ mā (simplified Chinese: 干你妈; traditional Chinese: 幹你媽) / gàn nǐ lǎo mǔ (simplified Chinese: 干你老母; traditional Chinese: 幹你老母) = fuck your mom
• gàn nǐ niáng (simplified Chinese: 干你娘; traditional Chinese: 幹你娘) = fuck your mother (Taiwanese Mandarin influenced by the regional language called Taiwanese, also “幹您娘”)

Turtles and eggs

The 中文大辭典 Zhōng wén dà cí diǎn (Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Chinese Language)) (something a little like the OED), discusses 王八 (wáng bā) in vol. 6 p. 281. “Wáng bā” is the term that is usually written casually for the slur that means something like “son of a bitch.” “Wáng bā 王八” originally got switched over from another “忘八 wàng bā” (one that referred to any very unvirtuous individual) because of a nasty piece of work with the family name Wáng 王 who picked up the nickname 賊王八 zéi Wáng bā (“the thieving Wang Eight”) but for being a dastard, not for being a bastard. The dictionary doesn’t say, but he may have been the eighth Wang among his siblings. Anyway, he became “crook Wang eight” and the term stuck and spread just as “Maverick” did in English. There is a pun here because of the earlier expression 忘八 wáng bā used to describe (1) any person who forgets/disregards the eight virtues, (2) an un-virtuous woman, i.e., one who sleeps around. The first meaning applied to the dastardly Wang, but the family name got “stuck” to the second, sexual, term.

A “wángbādàn 忘/王八蛋” is the offspring “laid” by the unvirtuous woman. Why “laid”? Another meaning of 王八 is 鼈 biē, fresh-water turtle.^[4] Turtle heads reemerging from hiding in the turtle’s shell look like the glans emerging from the foreskin, and turtles lay eggs. So a “wang ba” is a woman who has lost her virtue, and a “wang ba dan” is the progeny of such a woman, a turtle product, but, figuratively, also a penis product.

Illegitimacy

Many insults imply that the interlocutor’s mother or even grandmother was promiscuous. The turtle is emblematic of the penis and also of promiscuous intercourse. Eggs are the progeny of turtles and other lower animals, so the word dàn (蛋) is a metonym for offspring.

• wángbā (王八) / wàngbā (忘八) = cuckold; this was an insult as early as the Song dynasty.

• wángbādàn (王八蛋, informal simplified: 王八旦) / wàngbāgāozi (王八羔子) = bastard (lit. “turtle egg” and “turtle kid.”)

• guī sūnzi (simplified Chinese: 龟孙子; traditional Chinese: 龜孫子) / guī érzi (simplified Chinese: 龟儿子; traditional Chinese: 龜兒子) = bastard (lit. “turtle grandson” and “turtle son”)

• dài lǜmàozi (simplified Chinese: 戴绿帽子; traditional Chinese: 戴綠帽子) = to be a cuckold (lit. “wear a green hat,” supposedly because male brothelworkers in the Tang dynasty had to wear green hats)

• zázhǒng (simplified Chinese: 杂种; traditional Chinese: 雜種) = mixed seed, half-caste, half breed, hybrid, illegitimate child. There are proper terms for children of mixed ethnicity, but this is not one of them.

• hún dàn (混蛋) = individual who has at least two biological fathers and one biological mother, the idea being that the mother mated with two or more males in quick succession and a mosaic embryo was formed from two or more fertilized ova. This general condition is actually studied in modern genetics.

• hún zhang wángbā dàn (simplified Chinese: 混账王八蛋) = similar to turtle egg, see above.

Buttocks

While there are vulgar expressions in English referring to the buttocks or rectum, there are no real equivalents in Mandarin. Pìgu yǎn (屁股眼) or pìyǎnr(屁眼兒/屁眼儿), one expression for anus, is not vulgar, but it occurs in various curses involving an imperforate anus:

• jiào nǐ shēng háizi méi pìgu yǎn (simplified Chinese: 叫你生孩子没屁股眼; traditional Chinese: 叫你生孩子沒屁股眼) – literally, “May your child be born with an imperforate anus”; sometimes méi pìgu yǎn (simplified Chinese: 没屁股眼; traditional Chinese: 沒屁股眼) is used as an epithet similar to “damned”
• jiào nǐ shēng háizi zhǎng zhì chuāng (叫你生孩子长痔疮) – “May your child be born with hemorrhoids“
• wǒ kào (我靠] or 我尻) – “Well fuck me!”, “Fuck!”, “Fuckin’ awesome!” or “Holy shit!” (Originally from Taiwan, this expression has spread to the mainland, where it is generally not considered to be vulgar. 尻 originally meant “butt.”)

Age

• lǎo bù sǐde 老不死的 — death grip on life — is used as an angry comment directed against old people who refuse to die and so clog up the ladder to promotion in some organization. The expression comes from the Analects of Confucius where the Master complains against those who engage in heterodox practices aimed at assuring them extreme longevity. In the original these individuals are described as “lǎo ér bù sǐ 老而不死,” i.e., it it said that they “are old and yet they (will not=) refuse to die.”

• lǎo tóuzi 老頭子,literally “old head,” it refers in a somewhat slighting way to old men. Its usage is rather like such expressions as “old gaffer,” “old geezer,” etc. in English.

• xiǎo guǐ 小鬼,” little devils,” is used familiarly and (usually) affectionately.

Female promiscuity

As in the West, highly sexual women have been stigmatized. There are no negative terms for a man who sleeps around.

• húli jīng (狐狸精) = bitch (overly seductive woman; lit. “fox spirit”)
• sānbā (三八) = airhead, braggart, slut (lit. “three eight”). Used to insult women. One derivation claims that at one point in the Qing Dynasty, foreigners were only permitted to circulate on the eighth, eighteenth, and twenty-eighth of each month, and the Chinese deprecated these aliens by calling them 三八, but others claim 三八 refers to March 8th: International Women’s Day.
• gōng gòng qì chē (公共汽车) = slut (lit. “public bus”) used for a women who sleeps around, as in “everyone has had a ride”

Positive connotations

Occasionally, slang words with a negative connotation are turned around and used positively:

• wǒ cào (我肏) = holy fuck (lit. “I fuck”) Alternatively, “我靠” (wǒ kào, “I lean on”. IM:KAO) or “哇靠” (wa kào) is used when the subject intends on being less obscene, such as when speaking in public.
• niúbī (牛屄/牛逼) = fucking awesome (literally “cow cunt”; possibly influenced by the expression chuī niú pí; 吹牛皮, which means “to brag”). This phrase also has many alternative forms, including NB, 牛B, 牛比, 牛鼻 (“cow’s nose”), as well as alternative pronunciations such as 牛叉/牛X niúchā. It can also just be shortened to 牛.
• diǎo (屌) / niǎo (simplified Chinese: 鸟; traditional Chinese: 鳥) = cock; this was an insult as long ago as the Jin Dynasty. Now it sometimes also means “fucking cool” or “fucking outrageous”, thanks in large part to the pop star Jay Chou. Because of the substitution of “niǎo” which means bird, sometimes English-speaking Chinese in Malaysia sometimes use “birdie” as an euphemism for “penis” for small children. “鸟人” (bird man) sometimes has a derogative meaning as a “wretch”, but also often used between close friends as affectionate appellation like “fellow”.

Mixed-up

Other insults include the word hùn (混), which means “mixed-up”, or hùn (浑), which means “muddy”:

• hùnzhàng (simplified Chinese: 混账; traditional Chinese: 混賬) = prick
• hùndàn (混蛋 / simplified Chinese: 浑蛋; traditional Chinese: 渾蛋) = prick
• hūndàn (昏蛋) = prick
• hùnqiú (混球) = prick

Eggs

Perhaps due to the influence of wángbādàn (王八蛋), dàn (蛋; “egg”) is used in a number of other insults in addition to hùndàn (混蛋):

• bèndàn (笨蛋) = dummy, fool (lit. “dumb egg”)
• dǎodàn (倒蛋 / simplified Chinese: 捣蛋; traditional Chinese: 搗蛋) = “to cause trouble”
• gǔndàn (simplified Chinese: 滚蛋; traditional Chinese: 滾蛋) = get lost!
• huàidàn (simplified Chinese: 坏蛋; traditional Chinese: 壞蛋) = bad egg
• hútú dàn (糊涂蛋) = confused/clueless person (a sucker)
• qíongguāng dàn (simplified Chinese: 穷光蛋; traditional Chinese: 窮光蛋) = a poor/penniless person

Melons

The word guā (瓜; melon or gourd) is also used in insults:

• shǎguā (傻瓜; also shǎzi, 傻子) = dummy, fool (in use as early as the Yuan Dynasty)
• dāiguā (呆瓜; also dāizi, 呆子) = dummy, fool

In addition to the senses listed above, the “melon” is a metonym for the womb, and a “broken melon” refers to a female’s lost virginity.

Useless

• Fèi (simplified Chinese: 废, traditional Chinese: 廢; “to discard as useless”) appears in a number of insults:
  • wōnang fèi (simplified Chinese: 窝囊废; traditional Chinese: 窩囊廢) = loser
  • fèirén (simplified Chinese: 废人; traditional Chinese: 廢人) = useless person
  • fèihuà (simplified Chinese: 废话; traditional Chinese: 廢話) = useless words (similar to the ridicule form of “no shit”)
• liúmáng (Chinese: 流氓) = scoundrel or pervert (the word originally meant vagrant); often used by women to insult men who make aggressive advances
• nāozhǒng (simplified Chinese: 孬种; traditional Chinese: 孬種 = coward, useless, or weak person.

Face

Because shame or “face” is important in Chinese culture, insulting someone as “shameless” is much stronger than in English:

• bú yàoliǎn (simplified Chinese: 不要脸; traditional Chinese: 不要臉) = shameless, lit. “doesn’t want face,” i.e., “discards his face, does not seek to maintain a good status in society”.

Girlish

• niángniangqiāng (Chinese: 娘娘腔) is a pejorative used to describe Chinese males who are extremely effeminate in their speaking style. It is related to the term sājiào (撒娇, to whine), but is predominantly said of males who exhibit a rather “girlish” air of indecisiveness and immaturity. Adherents of both tend to lengthen sentence-final particles while maintaining a higher-pitched intonation all throughout. The usage of the tilde as an Internet meme reflects the popularization of this style of speaking, which is often perceived by Westerners as being cute or seductive.
• niángpào (娘炮) = same as 娘娘腔 (above)
• tàijiàn (太监) or gōnggong (公公) - Eunuch. From the stereotypes of Imperial eunuchs seen in TV shows in China (with a high, feminine voice). Men with higher voices are called eunuchs.
• nǚ qì (simplified Chinese: 女气; traditional Chinese: 女氣), female lifebreath. A man having the psychological attributes of a woman is said to exhibit “nǚ qì,” i.e., is said to be effeminate.

Inhuman

Other insults accuse people of lacking qualities expected of a human being:

• chùsheng (畜生) = animal (these characters are also used for Japanese “chikushō”, which may mean “beast,” but is also used as an expletive, like “damn!”)
• nǐ bú shì rén (你不是人) = you’re not human (lit.: “you are not a person”)
• nǐ shì shénme dōngxi (simplified Chinese: 你是什么东西; traditional Chinese: 你是什麽東西) = you’re less than human, literally: What kind of object are you? (compares the level of a person to that of an object)
• nǐ búshì dōngxi (simplified Chinese: 你不是东西; traditional Chinese: 你不是東西) = you’re less than human (implies less worth than an object)
• bùyàoliǎn de dōngxi (simplified Chinese: 不要脸的东西; traditional Chinese: 不要臉的東西) = you’re shameless and less than human (lit.: “you are a thing that has no shame”)
• jiànhuò (simplified Chinese: 贱货; traditional Chinese: 賤貨) = lit. “cheap goods” (“[you] despicable creature!”)
• sāohuò (simplified Chinese: 骚货; traditional Chinese: 騷貨) = lit. “lewd goods” (“[you] lewd creature!”)

Death

Sǐ (死; “dead”, “cadaverous,” or, less precisely, “damn(ed)”) is used in a number of insults:

• sǐ guǐ (死鬼) lit., “dead imp,” “dead demon,”
• sǐ sānbā (死三八) / chòu sānbā (臭三八), lit., stinking (derogatory term for woman =) bitch
• sǐ bùyàoliǎn (simplified Chinese: 死不要脸; traditional Chinese: 死不要臉) = shameless (lit.: “[you] shameless corpse”)
• qù sǐ (去死) = go die
• sǐ yā tóu 死丫頭, lit., dead serving wench. — This term is no longer in common use. It appears in early novels as a deprecating term for young female bondservants. The “ya” element refers to a hair style appropriate to youths of this sort.

Excrement

The words “屎” (shǐ) (= turd, dung), “粪” (fèn) (= manure, excrement) and “大便 (= stool)” (dà biàn), all meaning feces but vary from blunt four letter to family normal, can all be used in compound words and sentences in a profane manner. Originally the various Mandarin Chinese words for “excrement” were less commonly used as expletives, but that is changing. Perhaps because farting results in something that is useless even for fertilizer: “fàng pì” (放屁; lit. “to fart”) is an expletive in Mandarin:

• qù chī dàbiàn (去吃大便) [Go] Eat shit! (By itself, 大便 is neither an expletive nor does it have the same effect as ’shit’ in English.)
• shǐ dàn (屎蛋) Lit., shit egg, a turd.
• fàng pì (放屁) = bullshit, nonsense, lie (literally “to fart”; used as an expletive as early as the Yuan dynasty. Taiwanese just simply say “pi” or “ge pi” when referring to “bullshit” (as in lies), as “fang pi” is taken literally “to fart”.)
• pìhuà (simplified Chinese: 屁话; traditional Chinese: 屁話) = bullshit, nonsense
• mǐ tián gòng (米田共) – A play on the writing of “糞” (the traditional form of “粪” (fen), also “kuso” in Japanese), referring to excrement.
• qí yán fèn tǔ yě (simplified Chinese: 其言粪土也; traditional Chinese: 其言糞土也) – an expression in Classical Chinese that means, “His words are [nothing but] excrement.” (See Giles, A Chinese-English Dictionary.)
• shǐ bǎ ba (屎 or 屎??)^[5] - Children’s slang term for faeces, similar to English “poo” or “brownie”. A variant of this term is ?? (bǎ ba), while 便便 (biàn bian) is also used as a children’s term, albeit less frequently used.

Animals

Dogs

The fact that many insults are prefaced with the Mandarin Chinese word for dog attest to the animal’s low status:

• gǒuzǎizi (狗崽子/狗仔子) = son of dog (English equivalent: “son of bitch”)
• gǒu pì (狗屁) = bullshit, nonsense (lit. “dog fart”; in use as early as 1750 in the Qing Dynasty novel Ru Lin Wai Shi (The Scholars)
• gǒu pì bù tōng (狗屁不通) dog fart + does not (come out at the end of the tube =) communicate= incoherent, nonsensical
• gǒu niáng yǎng de (simplified Chinese: 狗娘养的; traditional Chinese: 狗娘養的) = son of a bitch (lit. “raised by a dog mother”)
• gǒurìde (狗日的) = son of a bitch (from Liu Heng’s story “Dogshit Food”, lit. “dog fuck” 日 is here written for 入, which when pronounced rì means “fuck”.)
• gǒushǐ duī (狗屎堆) = a person who behaves badly (lit. “a pile of dog shit”); gǒushǐ (狗屎), or “dog shit,” was used to describe people of low moral character as early as the Song dynasty. Due to Western influence, as well as the similar sound, this has become a synonym for bullshit in some circles.
• gǒuzázhǒng (simplified Chinese: 狗杂种; traditional Chinese: 狗雜種) = literally “mongrel dog,” a variation on zázhǒng (simplified Chinese: 杂种;traditional Chinese: 雜種), above.
• zǒugǒu (走狗) = lapdog, often translated into English as “running dog”, it means an unprincipled person who helps or flatters other, more powerful and often evil people; in use in this sense since the Qing Dynasty.
• gǒutuǐzi (狗腿子) / gǒutuǐ (狗腿) = variant of zǒugǒu (走狗) (lit. “running dog” or “dog legs”; this term was often used in the 20th century by communists to refer to client states of the United States and other capitalist powers)

Rabbits

In at least one case, rabbit is part of an insult:

• xiǎotùzǎizi (小兔崽子) = son of a rabbit (quite ironically, this insult is often used by parents to insult their children)

Horse

• mǎzi (Chinese: 马子; literally “horse”) = a derogatory word for girlfriend. (Possibly influenced by U.S. slang, “filly,” used for any girl.)

Divinity

One of the few insults connected to the supernatural is not used to damn but to compare the insulted person to a disliked god:

• wēnshén (瘟神) = troublemaker (literally “plague god”)

Miscellaneous

Some expressions are harder to explain:

• èrbǎiwǔ (二百五) = stupid person/idiot (see 250)
• shūdāizi, (书呆子)書呆子 roughly equivalent to “bookworm” or, possibly, “nerd“. It is used to portray a studious person as lacking hands-on experience or social skills. Unlike “nerd”, shūdāizi is rarely used in the context of hobbies.

Region specific

Many locations within China have their own local slang, which is scarcely used elsewhere.

• gàn nǐ xiǎo BK de (干你小BK的) – Local slang from Tianjin, meaning “go fuck your ‘thing’”, where “BK” refers to male genitalia. However, when insulting females, “马B” is used instead.
• xiǎo yàng le ba (小样了吧) – Originating from Southern China. Said upon someone’s misfortunes, similar to “haha” or “suck that”.
• shén me niǎo (什么鸟) – From the northeastern Heilongjiang, although also used in the South. Used similar to “what the fuck?”
• fage (发格) – Used in Shanghai, direct transliteration from English “fuck“.
• èrbǎdāo (二把刀) - Beijing slang for a good-for-nothing; klutz. Literally “double-ended sword”, considered a concept which is useless.
• xiǎomì (小蜜) - Beijing slang for a special female friend, often used with negative connotations.

Racism

As in any language, Chinese has specific terms and racial slurs for different ethnicities, governments and backgrounds.

Against westerners

• yáng guǐzi (Chinese: 洋鬼子) “Foreign devil”, a slur for White people
• guǐlǎo (Chinese: 鬼佬) Borrowed from Cantonese “Gweilo“, “ghost” or “ghost guy”, a slur for white people
• hóng máo guǐzi (Chinese: 红毛鬼子) “Red hair devil”, rude slang term for Caucasians, especially Anglos
• máo zi (Chinese: 毛子) Ethnic slur against Russians. (Literally “hairs”.) Alternatively 红毛子 (hóng máo zi, red (communist) hairs), 俄毛子 (é máo zi,Rus hairs). Similar concept to “hóng máo guǐzi” above.
• lǎo wài (Chinese: 老外) “foreigner”, literally “old outsider”, slang term for Caucasians in Mainland China, especially Anglos. Since this term is quite often used colloquially without malicious intent (even directly to foreigners proficient in Mandarin), its meaning is highly context specific.

Against Japanese

• xiǎo Rìběn (小日本)=”Japs” — Literally “little Japan”(ese). This term is so common that it has very little impact left (Google Search returns 21,000,000 results as of August 2007). The term can be used to refer to either Japan or individual Japanese. “小”, or the word “little”, is usually construed as “puny”, “lowly” or “small country”, but not “spunky”.
• 日本鬼子 (Rìběn guǐzi) — Literally “Japanese devils”. This is used mostly in the context of the Second Sino-Japanese War, when Japan invaded and occupied large areas of China. This is the title of a Japanese documentary on Japanese war crimes during WWII.
• 倭 (Wō) — This was an ancient Chinese name for Japan, but was also adopted by the Japanese. Today, its usage in Chinese is usually intended to give a negative connotation (see Wōkòu below). The character is said to also mean “dwarf“, although that meaning was not apparent when the name was first used. See Wa (Japan).
• 倭寇 (Wōkòu) — Originally referred to Japanese pirates and armed sea merchants who raided the Chinese coastline during the Ming Dynasty (see Wokou). The term was adopted during the Second Sino-Japanese War to refer to invading Japanese forces, (similarly to Germans being called Huns). The word is today sometimes used to refer to all Japanese people in extremely negative contexts.
• 日本狗 (Rìběn gǒu, Cantonese: Yat Boon Gau) — Literally “Japanese dogs”. The word is used to refer to all Japanese people in extremely negative contexts.
• 大腳盆族 (dà jiǎo pén zú) – Ethnic slur towards Japanese used predominantly by Northern Chinese, mainly those from the city of Tianjin. Literally “Big Feet Bowl Race”.
• 黃軍 (huáng jūn) – Literally “Yellow Soldier(s)”, used during World War II to represent Imperial Japanese soldiers due to the colour of the uniform. Today, it is used negatively against all Japanese. Since the stereotype of Japanese soldiers are commonly portrayed in war-related TV series in China as short men, with a toothbrush moustache (and sometimes round glasses, in the case of higher ranks), 黃軍 is also often used to pull jokes on Chinese people with these characteristics, and thus “appear like” Japanese soldiers.
• 自慰队 (zì wèi duì) – A pun on the homophone “自卫队” (zì wèi duì, literally “Self-Defence Forces”, see Japan Self-Defense Forces), the definition of 慰 (wèi) used is “to comfort”. This phrase is used to refer to Japanese (whose military force is known as “自卫队”) being stereotypically hypersexual, as “自慰队” means “Self-comforting Forces”, referring to masturbation.

Against Koreans

• 高丽棒子 (Gāolì bàng zǐ) – Derogatory term used against all ethnic Koreans. 高丽 (Traditional: 高麗) refers to Ancient Korea (Koryo), while 棒子 means“club” or “corncob”, referring to how Koreans would fit into trousers of the Ancient Koryo design. Sometimes 韓棒子 (hán bàng zǐ, “韓” referring toSouth Korea) is also used.
• 死棒子 (sǐ bàng zǐ) – Literally “dead club” or “dead corncob”; refer to 高丽棒子 above.
• 二鬼子 (èr guǐ zǐ) – (See 日本鬼子) During World War II, 二鬼子 referred to hanjian and Koreans in the Imperial Japanese Army, as the Japanese were known as “鬼子” (devils). 二鬼子 literally means “second devils”. Today, 二鬼子 is used against all ethnic Koreans. This is also due to Koreans and Japanese being similar in appearance to Japanese, and many Chinese believing that Koreans are copying Japanese culture.

Other

• 印度阿三 (Yìndù ā sān) – Ethnic slur against Indians. “A” is a vocative, and “san” is three, so “a san” means the third son or third child in a family. So Indians are assigned third-class status by this locution.
• 阿差 (ā chā) – Similar to the above, this ethnic slur is common among the Cantonese speaking crowd especially those from Hong Kong and Southeast Asia. Originally referring to the Punjabi “singhs” security force who used to work for the British government during colonial era. Nowadays all Indians and Pakistanis are indiscriminately called “ā chā”.
• 台巴子 (tái bāzi) – Slur originating from the city of Shanghai, 台巴子 refers to Taiwanese, especially advocates of Taiwan independence. “Bazi” can mean a clitoris or (in baby-talk) a “wee-wee” (the penis of a little boy).
• 共匪 (gòngfei) – Literally “Communist Bandits” referring to Mainlanders. The term has been in use since the Chinese Civil War by the Kuomintang against the Chinese Communist Party, however today reflects the rifts in cross-strait relations.
• 老黑 (lǎo hēi) – Literally “Old Black”, Anti-African racial slur. Essentially the same as coon, porch monkey, or jungle bunny.
• 黑鬼子 (hēi guǐzi) – Literally “Black devil”, Anti-African/black people slur similar to nigger.
• 黑鬼 (hēi guǐ) – Same as 黑鬼子.
• 印泥巴 or 印尼巴 (both yìn ní ba) – a play on “印尼” (Indonesia) and “泥巴” (mud), where 尼/泥 are homophones, thus paralleling Indonesians with dirtiness.

Homosexuality

There are various circumlocutions in Mandarin Chinese for homosexual, and the formal terms are recent additions just as is the direct translation of “masturbation” (hand soiling).

Duànxiù (simplified Chinese: 断袖; traditional Chinese: 斷袖)– cut off sleeve, from the story of a ruler whose male favorite fell asleep on the sleeve of his jacket, so when the ruler had to get up to conduct some needed business he cut his sleeve off rather than awaken his lover. (See Bret Hinsch, Passions of the Cut Sleeve, p. 53.)

Yútáo (simplified Chinese: 余桃; traditional Chinese: 餘桃)– remains of a peach, from the story of a favorite who rather too familiarly offered his sovereign a peach of which he had already eaten half. (From Han Fei Zi, chapter 12)

Bōlí (玻璃, glass)– lit., “glass” person. It comes from a passage in the Dream of the Red Chamber in which Phoenix is described as having a “crystal heart in a glass body,” meaning that she was glistening, pure, clear, fastidious, etc. It stands as high praise for a lady, but sounds too feminine for a (stereotypical) male. The English translation of Bai Xian-yong’s novel about male homosexuals in Taiwan includes the term “crystal boys,” derived from the same passage in the earlier novel, and also a rather gruff reference to the old photographer who befriends some of the boys as “you old glass,” which, delivered by a female friend of his, comes out sounding about on the level of “you old fart,” i.e., not really so very offensive, but indicating a passing mood of aggravation on the speaker’s part. Nevertheless, the general meaning is probably closer to “old queer.”

Nán fēng (男風, male custom, is homophonous with (南風, southern custom.) The first writing of the term would fairly easily be picked out as referring to sexual interactions, whereas the second term could just mean “the customs of the southern part of China.” Perhaps because male sexual arousal is easier to spot where heavy clothing is not worn, or perhaps simply because of the frequent use of this term, homosexuality came to be regarded as more common and accepted in the southern part of China.

Tóngzhì (同志) (lit. “comrade“) was recently adopted in Hong Kong and Taiwan to mean homosexual, and is frequently used on the mainland. Literally the term means “one having same aspirations,” and was transferred from the arena of political allegiances to the realm of sexual alliances.

Tùzi 兔子 lit., “bunny,” but used to refer to catamites. (See Herbert A. Giles, A Chinese-English Dictionary, entry 12,122) See also Tu Er Shen.

Since the success of Ang Lee’s Brokeback Mountain, duànbèi (simplified Chinese: 断背; traditional Chinese: 斷背, lit. “brokeback”) has also become popular.

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