Pets and Animal Health

Rabies Threatening Your Life

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sun, 25 Apr 2010 06:28:00 +0000

Rabies is a disease caused by the lyssa virus from the group Rabdo viridae. This disease is very dangerous and can cause death in pets. Rabies can attack warm-blooded animals such as dogs, cats, monkeys and other warm-blooded animals.

Rabies is a zoonotic disease, in which the disease can be transmitted from animals to humans. Humans are bitten by an infected animal rabies disease, very high death rate. This is due to the virus will attack the nerves and causes paralysis of the nerve that also lead to paralysis and spasms in the limbs of the body.

In the cases occurred in the field of rabies infected animals generally occurs in wild animals, although sometimes occurs also in animals that are proprietary to obtain less care, so contact with infected wild dog rabies and are not routinely vaccinated.

Animals infected with rabies, especially dogs generally show symptoms such as:

* Excessive Saliva out because of difficulty in swallowing

* Not to obey their owners animals , become malignant and invasive

* Hidrophobia (fear of water)

* Cripple and will then cramp and ends with death

* Death usually occurs after 4-7 days of symptoms or a maximum of 14 days after the case

Prevention can be done to avoid that animal is not infected with rabies vaccinations and routine health check periodically to the vet. Such action may avoid the possibility of contracting rabies.

Best Female Body Part ogled Men

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 01:49:00 +0000

Almost all male breast compact replied, when asked the most beautiful woman's body. They recognize it as the advantages and attractiveness of a woman.
Rampage Women's Ashley Bra,Berry,34 B

Research at the University of Wellington, New Zealand, reveals, 47 percent of male respondents tended to look toward your chest before we see the face of a woman. Gaze toward the breast is also relatively longer than the other body parts.

The study was conducted with six pictures show the woman to the male respondents. Six pictures showing a woman's face was the same, but with different body shapes and sizes. Digital engineering researchers at the breast, and the curve of her hips.

The researchers attention body parts of interest to the respondent when first saw the picture. They also consider the duration of gaze. In conclusion, the breast is the object of a woman's body that he was gazing at the latest.

Not only shows attractiveness of women, the study also produced some interesting conclusions related to a woman's body in the eyes of men.

- Size is not too important breast

Men tend to stare hard at his chest on the basis of reasons a woman's body beauty and artistic value. They're not really care about size.

- Makeup and hair not face major

Less than 20 percent of respondents who leads his first gaze to the face when she first met the woman. Gaze toward the face after the view to the chest area. Breasts are more attractive than faces.

What about pets? what first attract by your eyesight? get the answer ...

Fever Occurrence Process

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 16:43:00 +0000

We all have what is called a fever. When we feel pain our bodies do not often immediately experience symptoms of fever that generally begins with a cold feeling of the whole body, followed also by an increase in body temperature. What is called this fever? Fever or in medical language is called a febrile condition in which an increase in body temperature, where the temperature exceeds the normal body temperature. Why does our body temperature rise? Should we try to look back and understand about the body's temperature regulation system before we answer the questions above.

Our body temperature regulated by a thermostat machine located in the brain, exactly at the location of hypothalamic pre-optic anterior in part. The hypothalamus itself is a part of deinsephalon which is part of our front brain (prosencephalon). Hipotalamusdapat said to be a body temperature control machines, because there are receptors (catcher, intermediaries) which is very sensitive to temperature which is known as termoreseptor. With this termoreceptor, body temperature can be in the normal range is in accordance with the core body temperature. Core body temperature is a reflection of the heat content in our body. Heat content of the heat obtained from the income derived from the metabolism of food into the body. In general, the core temperature is within limits 36,5-37,5 ° C.

In many everyday activities, our bodies would also like put out hot when you exercise. While there put out greater heat than its revenues, or vice versa so that the body's thermostat will immediately work to balance the body's core temperature. If income is greater than the heat expenditure, then the thermostat will command our body to release excess body heat to the outside of one's body by sweating mechanism. And if expenses exceed revenues hot heat, the thermostat will attempt to balance the temperature in a manner ordered the muscles of our framework to contract (move) in order to produce body heat.

Muscle contraction this framework is the mechanism of shivering. For example, like when we were in the mountainous environment of cold weather, we unknowingly hands and our feet tremors (shivering). This meant that our bodies stay warm. Because with that shiver, your body will produce heat. This above is a physiological process (normal conditions) that occur in our bodies when we experience changes in body temperature. Others as if the body is going through the pain. The process of change in temperature which occurs when the body in better condition due to illness toksis substances (poisons) that enter the body. Generally the condition is due to ill inflammation process (inflammation) in the body. Inflammatory process itself is actually the body's defense mechanism against any attack that threatens the physiological condition of the body.

The process begins with the entry of inflammatory toxins into our bodies. Examples of toxins that are easiest microorganisms cause illness. Microorganisms that enter the body of a substance generally has a toxin / poison is known as a specific exogenous pyrogens. With the entry of these microorganisms, the body will try to fight and prevent it is by ordering the defense forces of the body such as leukocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes to eat it. This process is called fagositosit. With this fagositosit process, the soldiers would be mengelurkan body of chemical weapons are known as endogenous pyrogen (particularly interleukin 1 / IL-1) which functions as anti-infective. Endogenous pyrogens, the next will stimulate endothelial cells of the hypothalamus (hypothalamic constituent cells) to release a substance that is arakhidonat acid. Arakhidonat acid can exit with the help of the enzyme phospholipase A2. The next process is, arakhidonat acid released by the hypothalamus will be hyper expenditure prostaglandin (PGE2). Prostaglandins any expenses with the help and intervention from siklooksigenase enzyme (COX). Prostaglandins was spending will affect the hypothalamic thermostat. As compensation, the hypothalamus will further enhance the standard point of body temperature (above the normal temperature).

Patakan point increase is due to the machine feel that now body temperature below normal limits. Result is a cold response / shiver. The existence of this process is intended for chills generate body heat more. The change of body temperature above normal because the hypothalamus settings impaired by the above mechanism is called a fever or febrile. High fever that will eventually lead to clinical manifestations (due to) a trench (typically experienced by infants or children are called febrile seizures) By understanding the mechanism of fever above process, then one treatment actions that we often do is compress the head and fever medications, the most common is paracetamol.

H5N1 BIRD FLU VIRUS PANDEMIC

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 08 Mar 2010 11:07:00 +0000

Outbreaks of H5N1 bird flu virus re-occurred in Indonesia. Some cases, whether suspected (suspect) or that has been confirmed (confirmed) have been reported. According to WHO data as of January 15, 2007, this year has occurred in Indonesia and 4 cases of which 3 died (www.who.int).

From the same data, in the case of accumulative in Indonesia, numbering 79 and 61 of them died. If seen from the number of cases died, Indonesia was ranked first after Vietnam, with 42 deaths.

However, unlike in Indonesia, so far no reports from Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries before the H5N1 virus that is endemic. In fact, in Vietnam, which is the country with the highest accumulative cases (93 cases and 42 of whom died), since 2006 until now, there has been no reports of H5N1 cases in humans. Why did this happen? Maybe we should learn how to do prevention in Vietnam.

Bird Flu Pandemic

Is the return of outbreaks of H5N1 bird flu virus in Indonesia is a sign of pandemic start? At least, there are three things that make a bird flu pandemic could occur. The first is the ability of the H5N1 virus to infect humans. H5N1 is the bird flu virus, which originally could only infect birds. This virus then mutated into a virus that can infect humans.

Both are supporting the occurrence of a pandemic is the lack of human immunity to the H5N1 virus. Because humans have not previously been exposed to the virus, almost all men do not have antibodies that can neutralize the H5N1 virus that infects the virus freely human cells and damage it. Thus, the virus infection will cause a fatal effect on humans who are infected.

Third is the nature of the pathogenic H5N1 virus is high. Based on WHO data, globally have occurred in 267 cases of human H5N1 and 161 of them died (www.who.int). If calculated, the fatality / mortalita s of this virus is 60 percent.

Especially for Indonesia, fatality rates even higher at 77 percent (61/79). This figure is much higher than the fatality rate of SARS virus, a virus that we fear and outbreaks in various parts of the world a few years ago with a fatality rate of about 10 percent.

Another factor is the key to the ability of a pandemic virus to spread from human to human. Although until now has not proven the existence of transmission between humans, several cases indicate transmission from human to human. One of the results of research by taking a sample of one family in Thailand has shown the possibility of human transmission within a family (Ungchusak et al, 2005).

The research showed the mother and aunt that nurse H5N1-infected children are also infected by the H5N1 virus. The mother even until death. From the results of Reverse transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) organ nasopharynx and throat swab (throat) of the mother discovered the H5N1 virus. Both the mother and aunt had never contact with birds.

In fact, his mother came from a distance that is not endemic bird flu, and only came to look after her son who suffered from H5N1 infection. Similarly in Indonesia, suspected there was some H5N1I cluster in families.

Therefore, we need to remain vigilant due to be transmitted between humans, the H5N1 virus may only require a single mutation in the genome. Need to be recognized that the world was not ready for a pandemic of H5N1 avian influenza. The reason is not only due to lack of vaccines, but also the health monitoring system as a whole.

1918 pandemic

Influenza experts have warned that historically, flu pandemics occur every 11 to 42 years. The worst influenza pandemic in history was the "Spanish Flu" (H1N1) that occurred in 1918-1919. The last pandemic was the "Hong Kong flu" (H3N2) that occurred in 1968-1969.

The question is whether H5N1 will become the next pandemic? The ability to spread the virus between humans is the key to the occurrence of H5N1 flu pandemic. Changed the character to be transmitted between humans may occur in two ways. First, through mutation, as happened in the virus that causes "Spanish Flu".

Second, by recombination (reassortment) between the bird influenza virus with human influenza, as happened in the case of "Hong Kong Flu" in 1968. Analysis showed that the H5N1 bird flu virus is still (avian influenza). Many experts argue that the genetic changes that facilitate human transmission does not occur in H5N1. This can be seen from the fact that in nearly 10 years, since infect humans in 1997 until now, the H5N1 virus has not turned into a virus that can be transmitted between humans.

If they guess correctly, especially pathogenic H5N1 strain of bird and accidentally infect humans who have direct contact with infected birds.

Do we believe in the optimistic scenario that? This is a difficult thing that people are generally considered opinion that we must be prepared for the worst scenario. Experience the 1918 flu pandemic could be the basis for the preparation of H5N1 pandemic. This is because of the similarity of the virus.

Spanish flu virus strain has resulted in 3 waves and the death of about 50 million people, including 675 thousand inhabitants in the U.S.. Characters that are not common in this virus is a high mortality rate at age 15-35. Cases of influenza in the U.S. generally attacks the elderly aged more than 85 years.

This phenomenon is similar to H5N1 infection in humans is happening right now. Most patients are young or children. Genetic analysis showed that both H1N1 viruses are endemic in 1918 and the H5N1 virus gene still has the bird flu virus (avian influenza), rather than human flu viruses (human influenza).

What can be done?

In addition to interventions to reduce the number of infected birds, there are three main weapons to control the spread of human viruses, namely vaccines, antiviral drugs, and isolation of patients from the community (Bartlett, 2006). The first weapon (vaccine) difficult to apply because we are not ready with the H5N1 vaccine. This is due to the H5N1 vaccine production can not currently meet the needs of the world. Global vaccine production capacity is about 1 billion doses per annum with 15 micrograms of antigen content.

Therefore, we can not expect much. Moreover, the Indonesian state, as a third country, can certainly not be a priority to get the vaccine. Weapons to-2, in the form of anti-viral drugs, it is possible to do. Although require substantial funds, if any attention from the government, still allow way it is. Oseltamivir is a component of Tamiflu is proven effective against influenza, including H5N1.

Currently, we have imported Tamiflu, even domestic companies have been granted permission to produce Tamiflu. Moreover, these drugs can be stored up to 10 years so we can prepare now for the inventory until the year 2017. The third strategy is the isolation of patients.

According to a 1918 pandemic model, 1 / 3 of the transmission occurs within the family, 1 / 3 occurs at work or school, and 1 / 3 occurs in the general community (Ferguson et al, 2006). Therefore, if in the case, the separation of the patient should immediately be done to prevent a wider spread.

Main Andi PhOleh: D, virolog on Biotechnology-LIPI Research Center

Source: http://www.jawapos.co.id

FAQs ABOUT AVIAN INFLUENZA

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 08 Mar 2010 09:47:00 +0000

Subject:

1. Introduction

2. What is cultivation of small-scale poultry?

3. How does the nature of the bird flu virus?

4. How to transmission and spread of bird flu

5. How symptoms of avian flu infected bird?

6. What dilakukam for our poultry free of bird flu?

7. What to do when we are exposed to poultry bird flu?

8. What does it mean Biosecurity?

9. Who are the vulnerable (high risk) bird flu?

10. How symptoms in humans exposed to bird flu?

11. How do we not affected by bird flu?

INTRODUCTION

As we all know that there has been contagious animal disease outbreaks of bird flu (Avian influenza / AI) in poultry since late 2003 accumulatively has spread to 22 provinces and 139 districts.

Facts on the ground shows that when a decline in the death of birds due to Avian Influenza / AI, it appears the expansion of epidemic areas and the emergence of AI in human victims. Decrease in cases in birds because it was done countermeasures such strict application of high biosecurity and vaccination, especially in: Sector 1 of the Integrated Mushroom Industry (Livestock major commercial that 20,000 to 50,000 fish) and 2 sector of Small Business Commercial Ranch (Ranch of maintaining chicken and a plasma with a scale of ownership from 1000 to 20,000 fish).

The cases that occurred in general on 3 sectors namely Commercial farming business (Ranch Small-scale independent ownership 1000-20000 tail) and 4 sectors namely Kampung Chicken Ranch and pet birds to have around 10 fish in which the application of low biosecurity.

1. WHAT IS A SMALL SCALE CULTIVATION ?

• Livestock-range chicken (ayam kampung=id) conducted the stairs at home, usually as a sideline.

• Ownership of a relatively small (less than 50 )

• Provision of feed and management simple (not using technology)

• The results for dikomsumsi by the family (sold what if more).

2. WHAT IS BIRD FLU?

• Bird flu or Avian Influenza (AI) is a highly contagious poultry disease caused by influenza type A (H5N1)

• This disease is contagious to humans (zoonoses), but the virus will cause death by heat, sunlight and disinfectants such as detergents, ammonium kuarterner, 2-5% formalin, iodioform complex (iodione), phenol compounds, sodium / potassium hypochlorite.

3. HOW NATURE OF AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS?

• The incubation period of bird flu virus began ketubuh avian viral entry until symptoms develop or die is a few hours to 21 days.

• Virus resistance:

- The virus in meat would die at 80 0oC subs 1 minute or 70 0oC for 30 minutes;

- The virus in the eggs will die at a temperature of 64 0oC for 4.5 minutes;

- The virus can live on chicken manure for 34 days 4 0oC temperature;

- Virus diair survival temperature for 4 days and 22 0oC for 30 days at a temperature 0oC;

- The virus survived for 2 weeks after depopulasil pemusahan chicken, therefore it is filling the cage with a new chicken at least 1 month.

4. HOW transmission and spread of avian flu?

• The sick poultry droppings.

• Liquid / mucus from the nose, mouth, eyes

• Direct contact with sick poultry.

• Through the air, sprinkling the liquid / liquid mucus and vomit

• Water and equipment contaminated bird flu virus.

• Through the media, among others carrying the virus from sick chickens, wild birds and other animals, transportation equipment, such as equipment racks that tersemar egg / egg trrrray.

Also how to spread the bird flu virus can be through contact with manure and poultry droppings sick.

5. SYMPTOMS HOW infected poultry BIRD FLU VIRUS?

• Poultry weak conditions (staggered)

• Poultry memgantuk half asleep or with their heads touching the ground

• Hens started laying eggs, kerabangnya thin and then immediately stop laying

• Combs and oial blackish red to blue and swollen, accompanied by heavy bleeding tip of the tip

• Diarrhea, and poultry unusual thirst

• Breathing fast and hard

• decreased appetite

6. SO WHAT DO WE poultry DISEASE FREE FROM BIRD FLU?

• Given that eating and drinking adequate nutritious and guaranteed quality and cleanliness.

• Cage and cage equipment always dibersikan with disinfectant (detergent, etc.)

• Cleaning up the stable environment

• Conducted biosecurity to protect poultry contaminated by the possibility of bird flu virus and other diseases

• Avoid entering a new livestock, what if forced to be quarantined once

• Avoid mixing the return of poultry that have been out of the cage / breeders (for example, brought kepasar not sold, then brought back, it must be separated).

• A pen should be fenced around.

• Especially for water birds (ducks), create a fenced cage, if necessary must exist in the pool fence.

• Ensure stable and clean environment

7. WHAT TO DO IF WE poultry bird flu?

• Cattle are very sick immediately separated on an enclosed / insulated

• Immediately report to the local Animal Husbandry Department

• If the cattle are sick to death (off) immediately burned and buried, do not waste disembarang place.

HOW burial:

• Enter the carcasses along with the tools and other objects contaminated into a plastic bag.

• Holes try to bury the burned and buried in a hole away from active wells or ponds (in the hole on top of limestone scattered objects contaminated by them) and then backfilled.

8. WHAT IT MEANS biosecurity?

• Biosecurity is any action that is the first defense to control the outbreak and conducted to prevent any possibility of contact / infection with peternkan infected and spread disease.

• Implementation of biosecurity are usually arranged in a program that enables prevention of the disease do not fit in a single location infection-free farms.

• biosecurity measures include:

- Restrict traffic strictly contaminant materials (animal / poultry, poultry products, feed, feces, feathers, cage base)

- Maintenance of poultry in cages

- Avoid from wild birds

- Before and immediately after the cage wash (wash hands with soap)

- Limit contact with birds (those passing into the stall)

- Use a disinfectant to wash shoes, clothes, washing hands, feet, water and sanitation equipment.

9. WHO IS VULNERABLE (HIGH RISK) AI virus?

In general, anyone who intentionally or unintentionally contact with infected poultry or contaminated media that the bird flu virus can be affected by the disease, but the most vulnerable among others:

• Workers at the farm / farmer

• Cut the chicken

• Pedagan poultry (chicken, birds, geese, ducks, etc.)

• People who live near the shelter birds

10. HOW DO THE SYMPTOMS IN HUMANS bird flu?

• Fever (temperature above 38oC)

• Coughing and sore throat, muscle pain

• Shortness of breath

• Inflammation of the lungs (pneumonia)

• Eye infections

• Dizziness

• Nausea and abdominal pain

• Vomiting

• Diarrhea

• Exit the mucus from the nose

• No appetite

11. SO HOW CAN WE NOT bird flu?

• Washing hands with soap / diterjen and shower after working on the farm

• Avoid contact with sick poultry

• Use personal protective equipment (masks, gloves) when working in the stables / farm

• Clean the cage of dirt every day

• Wash / spray equipment with soap / detergent

• Prepare a bucket of water and soap at the door of the farm / barn and prepare sandals / special shoes into the stall

• Eat nutritious foods and adequate peristirahat

• To strengthen the immune system and reduce the impact of bird flu infection can consume turmeric (Curcuma domestika) and ginger (Curcuma xanthorrizha).

Why Should Veterinary Clinic?

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 23:17:00 +0000

Deddy F. Kurniawan, DVM, deddyfk@yahoo.com, Veterinary Clinic Operations Manager "Suropati" - Suropati No. 108th Street, Stone Town - East Java
Tel. / Fax. (0341) 594369 Flexi (0341) 7583288

Since becoming a veterinarian I am intrigued with the phenomenon of veterinary profession in Indonesia. I feel for the campus is very rare we are motivated to become a medical pra ctitioner. After hanging out with seniors and alumni, I found it, a veterinarian in Indonesia, experts in all areas except its own. Yes, practical medical field should be the core business of a veterinarian.

I am more intrigued when, in a speech retrieval Veterinarian Oath, Dean we mention that 70% of the veterinarian who had worked in the oath. I think this is quite encouraging achievement for a dean when that time many other universities take pride in passing but had to swallow the bitter fact that their graduates will only become unemployed.

While our vet, we should be proud that our friends have got a job when graduating. But most of it does not work in the veterinary medical field, ironic. Most of us must accept the fact that we have to be a drug sales and farm equipment, working at the Bank became an administrator and so on.

I do not want to just what reason my friends, but perhaps the classic reasons, the selected job is more promising and guarantee their future. Means professional in the field of medical practice is not promising ... So what passed for a vet who field proved to be promising and but his work do not guarantee future ...?

Since graduation I was given the opportunity to his profession as a medical practitioner in the field of dairy cows. Profession was finally brought me the opportunity to live and work in New Zealand in the spring every year since the last 4 years. For those of you who have visited and followed the pursuit of a veterinarian in New Zealand (ever written on the issue of IV, V and VI) you will agree with me that being a professional veterinarian at the veterinary medical profession proud.

You will conclude that it should be like a veterinarian's position in society. But ultimately we must recognize that today it is still just a dream in this beloved country. In fact, veterinarians still prefer to be supporters rather than the main player (I mean more like a supplier of drugs and medical equipment than its user), the fact is we are still sidelined by a "protege" of the registered nurse our animals. Remarkably, we can only grumble and expect miracles immediately revealed. How many seminars and workshops we are doing but do not visit this improve the profession's role.

What to do with the animal clinic? Is not it established many Animal health posts? Does not have built a variety of Center of Animal Health and Animal Husbandry with supporting facilities? Is not there Husbandry Department in each city / district? Why is veterinary clinic again?

While in New Zealand, I took to travel to several cities in the North Island (North Island) and go to the existing veterinary clinic in the city. My visit to Hamilton, Tauranga, Rotorua, New Plymouth, Auckland, Morinsville, Paeroa, Te Kuiti Cambridge, Taupo, Thames, Otorohanga, Taramunui, Te Awamutu and several others.

I noticed a few fundamental differences between the world of a veterinarian in New Zealand and a veterinarian in Indonesia. First, I do not find the sign for the vet placed in front of the house. I suspect they probably did not practice independently in their homes. Second, in every city can always be found Animal Health Service (veterinarian). Third, in every veterinary clinic Vet Shop is always there.

One of the veterinary clinic that I visited was Morinsville Animal Health Center that was established in the 1950s. The clinic is large enough and has complete facilities, perhaps more complete than a medical facility in the City General Hospital Paru Batu. The size of the land is not as wide as the RSU, but if you enter, you will feel the spirit in it, the inspiration that never stopped and continuous improvisation.

After I parked my car, I entered the door of the clinic who had touched the sensor technology. Direct cheerful atmosphere will welcome you for having prepared the people to dress casually, wear an undershirt red collar and logo of their pride in passing the reception area which also functions as a Vet Shop (not the Pet Shop). Shop Vet size of each clinic is different depending on the width of land, but in the Morinsville Animal Health Center, Shopnya Vet size large enough to accommodate many things. Vet Shop is a store that sells veterinary medical equipment all animals including livestock, veterinary supporting tools, supplements, feed, drugs and so forth. You can get almost all the needs of the veterinary department system. Like heaven to the vet only.

This summary is a combination between the Pet Shop, Shop and Mini Veterinarian Poultry Shop, more easily just called Vet Shop. Incidentally, I have contacts a Mongolian veterinarian who works part time at the animal clinic and he took me on a tour to see the inside of this animal clinic.

I was introduced to almost all the personnel and then see the various facilities like a hospital in Indonesia. Laboratory Examination, Operating Room, Room Rongent, Mini Café, meeting room, and so forth until I finally reunited with one of his managers. We talked long enough in a typical room veterinarian, books and papers everywhere, the stethoscope on the table but in a very friendly atmosphere. Apparently this is the Kiwi culture (as for the people of New Zealand), they are very egalitarian to any person regardless of skin color and origin. He said the clinic was already older than 50 years and he is the second generation with several other veterinarians.

I told the vet how the conditions in Indonesia and asked how this animal clinic can be a big boost veterinary profession there, why should a veterinary clinic?

This paper is the fruit of many discussions and questions to the many senior author during the last few years. Finally, I conclude that this profession requires joint movement untukmelakukan container in the form of concrete action in their fields. One of the most realistic option is the Animal Clinic. Why ...? Here are some reasons why we need a veterinary clinic.

1. Indirectly controls the vet clients and "forcing" the client to connect or come to a veterinary clinic if needed veterinary services because they only get veterinary services at the Animal Clinic. Now, coming to the clinic client is at the door opening the doors of other businesses. As a franchise that is all around us, say for example McDonalds, its core business is the burger, but he has several businesses such follow-up souvenir business (in the food package), business property because he can fix the location of the selling price, selling a business opportunity with the brand (franchise), a bakery business for burgers and several others. Well, the clinic can do hewanpun according garapannya field.

Veterinary clinics can have a business, and Vet Shop equipment, can add services and inpatient care, grooming, breeding information center services, laboratory tests, animal health technical courses and the farm, and so forth. Finally veterinary clinic could involve more people and resources. Now, as more business is veterinary clinic reply, the greater the increase in income and animal clinics will automatically increase the welfare of veterinarians involved in it.

2. Inclusion of a veterinarian at Animal Clinic will provide opportunities to increase the intensity of the meeting will generate discussion and a stronger attachment. Intensive discussions will generate creative ideas and inspiration that will make developing the vet sooner. Finally, the capacity and scientific expertise to the vet and the growing demand for veterinarians is more aggressive in satisfying clients. Indonesian Veterinary Association (PDHI) is a media advocacy and communications while Animal Clinic is a forum action.

3. Indirectly Veterinary Clinic has conducted education and develop a client veterinary nicety health system. Veterinary clinics do not have to limit the types of clients handled if it is not impossible. Currently required is a movement together to boost the popularity of the veterinarian profession. It's no longer a competitive era, which must be done is cooperation and complementarity. Having a broad-mindedness is the first step. Maybe that's why in New Zealand I had never encountered a sign of personal practice.

4. More secure and ensure the protection of the vet because the action taken is in the name of Animal Clinic. So that the function of advocacy is not only done by professional organizations (PDHI) but also by the animal clinic. Veterinarians can more freely and free expression in the increasing ability. But be aware that this is not bolehnya legalization will have a vet clinic that is not qualified. That is a challenge for the veterinary clinic to have a qualified veterinarian.

5. Veterinary clinics will strengthen veterinary movement more strategic. It is true to an independent practicing veterinarian will be popular along with increasing pangalamannya, but the greatness it will only limited to personal greatness in the narrow scope of medical practice.

As a person, the veterinarian because he was prone to support themselves and if there is something that happens, it will bear the consequences themselves. Well, animal clinic would make such personal greatness to the greatness of the collective and systemic then eventually will increasingly make this profession even more flying. One of the biggest challenges in realizing this dream is the willingness to vet shared understanding of this condition, the Legowo's to get together with the movement and have shared perceptions about the new paradigm the animal clinic.

It is not easy to find a model of an ideal animal clinic in the area of East Java PDHI II, but not necessarily impossible to make a good veterinarian. The key is mutual between the manager and the veterinary clinic that employed veterinarian. Therefore, one of the main things that must be resolved is the ownership status of the animal clinic.

I propose that the veterinary clinic owned by a veterinarian, individually or collectively. Right now I'm starting a veterinary clinic that has a collective ownership status with some vets around Stone Town. Next is the pattern of arrangement between the management and veterinary clinics as an energy expert. Ultimately veterinary clinic is expected to post to the vet around to express and establish joint strength. Veterinary clinics should be positioned as a collective medium for veterinarians and veterinarians should be positioned as the Animal Clinic second home. Animal Clinic is not a competitor to fellow vets let alone the enemy. On the contrary, Veterinary Clinic is a vehicle for the vet.

Micro organism factors cause pain

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sun, 28 Feb 2010 08:53:00 +0000

Micro-organism variety of vegetable and animal pathogens have been known to cause disease affecting animals or humans, which causes much sick pets or animal. Micro organism in the animals are classified into several major groups, among others:

a. Virus

Viruses are the smallest group of structures consisting of a protein that enveloped nekleat acid, and has the ability to infect animals and plants. This micro-organism mostly can only be seen under the electron microscope with the power of viruses can be high filtered. Suspension with a very fine sieve with a variety of sizes saringan.besar eyes viruses can be estimated in accordance with the escape from reality saringan.virus can be transmitted by insects such kind culicoides spp. , through direct contact, through air or other intermediaries.

Several types of viruses can survive in the natural atmosphere of a relatively long time, for example, food and mouth disease (FMD) that can survive drought in 3 years. African Horse Sickness virus can survive in the rotting carcass in a few weeks. Viruses are generally resistant freezing cold temperatures, but rapidly die in hot temperatures.

b. Bacteria

This micro-organism usually found living in nature and most are saprofitik, such as life in the plant or dead animals. Some bacteria tend to live in the carcass of animals and cause decay. Pathogenic bacteria that live in the body and there caused harmful interference or pain, but some are not harmful and can even help the organs of the body to perform its function.

Which classify the type of bacteria is a single cell organism renik from the plant kingdom which can only be seen with a microscope. The occurs asexually by splitting the self and breed rapidly. Bacteria can be shaped or oval bull who called kokus; rod-shaped bacillus called berbertuk elongated and resembles a spiral called spirila. This micro-organism can exist singly, in pairs or in groups to construct a formation menciri its kind.

The bacteria produce toxins that are classified into the exotoxin and endotoxins. Exotoxin produced by bacteria and toxins resin which generally causes disease such as circulating in the blood vessels, while endotoxins are generally not pathogens.

CAUSE INTERFERENCE BODY FUNCTIONS

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sun, 28 Feb 2010 08:46:00 +0000

Common understanding of animal pain is any deviation from the normal conditions. More specific meaning, animal pain is a condition caused by an individual's life or by other cause, whether known or not, the adverse animal health in question, from this understanding , so that sick animals can be caused by several factors such as mechanical factors, thermal, nutritional deficiencies, chemical influences, heredity and so forth.

1. Mechanical factors

Mechanical factors that cause the body functions or diseases include incision, stab, punch, scratch, bruise, broken bones and so on. The level of dysfunction depends on the animal's body the size of the damages and the vitality of the damaged tissue. An animal will bleed if cut or injury occurs puncture by sharp objects. As a result of mechanical disruption can vary from minor damage that can be ignored until a serious injury that can cause death.

2. Thermal factors

Heat or excessive cold when exposed to animals would cause damage to a fast and capable of causing the death of the animal tissue. The situation is hot or cold-related situations or termis.panas cold Terken a great if the animal's body parts can cause severe burns or with cold (frost bite) at the point of tangency and its surroundings. Severity of damage and can be repaired or not depends on the degree of heat or cold that struck the animal. Extensive network of infected animals, and vital network functions whether or not these animals.

Hot or cold tolerance within the body will cause minor damage, and may still be restored after the factors eliminated. If the thermal effects that hit the animal is great, then the damage will occur suddenly and death of cells or tissue tend not recoverable again.

3. Toxic Factors

Malfunctioning of the body can occur due to the influence of the nature of chemical toxins capable of causing damage and cause degeneration or necrosis. Severity of damage is influenced by the chemical nature of the poison itself, the ability of toxin in causing cell damage or degeneration, the number of toxins that enter the bodies of animals, and animals in the body's ability to neutralize the influence of toxins in the body.

4. Nutritional factors

Defesiensi or nutritional deficiencies will occur if the animals do not get the nutrition elements essential for a normal life like protein, hidrad charcoal, fat, minerals, and vitamins. In ruminant animals there are different types of vegetable micro-organism or animal in the stomach that helps the body to form the various elements such as the changing needs of non-protein nitrogen into crude protein and alter the material easily digestible.

5. micro organism Factors

Micro-organism variety of vegetable and animal pathogens has been known as a cause of disease affecting animals or humans, which causes sick animals.

Cell or Tissue Damage

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 27 Feb 2010 13:42:00 +0000

Animal body is composed of the smallest of life (cells) that number of millions. If the cells making organ of the body experience death, it will cause damage to the animal's body. If the vital organs to die, it means there is death in all the cells that make up the body.

1. Necrosis

Necrosis is tissue death or the death of a collection of cells in the body of individual life. This situation is outside the normal process of life and is caused by certain factors. Collection of cells or tissue undergoing necrosis can not be recovered (irreversible) to bring back the network. Animal's body in a certain limit can replace part of the network or cell death by stopping the process or repair the damage by removing the causative factor.

2. Nekrobiosis

Nekrobiosis is a collection of death or tissue cells that occurs in normal physiological and replaced with cells of the new. For example cell layer of normal skin will experience death, but the body will form new cells are ready to replace the dead skin layer is. Blood cells will not survive forever in the body, but there will always be death and replacement by cells of new blood.

In the event of tissue damage often happens that a contributing factor could not destroy the entire cell body. The damage often begins with mild disturbance but will gradually cause greater damage. In such circumstances the animal's body still has the ability to survive, and even tried to remove or menhancurkan cause, especially when the cause is a certain renik organisms.

Damage will continue to result in excessive distortion and the relevant organs will be hampered or even stopped functioning. This situation will cause symptoms or abnormal behavioral changes in animals, such as lameness, stiffness of movement, arising wounds, and others.

Introduction About Animal Health

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 27 Feb 2010 06:24:00 +0000

Health status of animals is an animal's body condition with all the cells that make up and body fluids that contain the normal physiological function. Cell damage may occur as normal as a result of the dynamic process of growth for survival, resulting in replacement of damaged cells or death of healthy animals. On the other, the damage might not have change for the animals who suffered disruption due to disease or other disorders that damage cells and tissue function.

For tropical countries like Indonesia, the weather is hot, very dry or very humid affect the health status of animals. Variations of climate change will greatly affect the fluctuation of the disease prevalence rates in certain conditions can reach a very high intensity, or vice versa can also place the lowest intensity, perhaps even disappear altogether. When the temperature and humidity is very high, the prevalence of the disease can grow and increase until the animal health situation is untenable balance.

Such circumstances at least two possible causes, the first possibility renik organisms survive and multiply as much as possible in the atmosphere that exists and is not affected by weather changes. The second possibility is that the environment has adverse effects on the animal itself.