According to Geo, over the course of 24 hours, “certain elements” had attempted to hack Geo, which is broadcast via Paksat satellite. Geo noted that the nature of the message displayed on the screen appeared to be the “work of anti-Pakistan elements.”

The statement, shared by Geo Managing Director Azhar Abbas, added that the channel had no connection to the content that was aired and called on authorities to take notice of the incident, investigate it and bring those responsible to justice.

According to Dawn, the National Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) has launched a formal investigation into the cyberattacks.

On January 21, the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) in collaboration with the Punjab Safe Cities Authority (PSCA) blocked over 100 fake and phishing websites. These illicit websites were reportedly exploiting the PSCA’s name and logo to deceitfully collect online payments from the public.

According to spokesperson, these fraudulent domains were impersonating the PSCA’s e-challan system, tricking unsuspecting individuals into paying non-existent traffic fines. Several notable fake URLs — including echallan-psca.top, pscae-challan.com, echallanpunjab.com, and pscae-challan.vip — were among those blocked following a detailed investigation by the PSCA.

A PSCA spokesperson warned that the operators behind these websites were exploiting the public’s trust by offering payment services that had no link to the official e-challan system. Citizens are strongly advised to avoid making payments through unverified links and to always confirm the authenticity of online platforms handling financial transactions.

The PSCA reiterated that the only legitimate platforms for paying e-challans are the official website echallan.psca.gop.pk and the Public Safety App. These channels ensure safe and secure processing of citizens’ payments.

Authorities have also intensified legal action against the creators and administrators of the fake websites and reaffirmed a zero-tolerance policy toward cyber fraud. The crackdown aims to protect citizens from financial scams and preserve the integrity of the e-challan mechanism.

The PSCA continues to urge the public to remain vigilant and promptly report any suspicious sites or online activities that appear misleading or fraudulent.

On January 11, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif reaffirmed that providing Pakistani youth with internationally recognised education and training in Information Technology remains a key government priority, as part of broader efforts to make Pakistan a regional IT hub. He also issued directives following a fatal cylinder accident in Islamabad, calling for immediate medical care for the injured and a comprehensive investigation into the incident.

The Prime Minister made these remarks during a meeting with Samina Amjad and Amjad Karim Randhawa, the parents of the late IT expert Arfa Karim Randhawa. Chief Executive of the Arfa Karim Foundation, Tabinda Islam, was also present. During the meeting, the Prime Minister welcomed the establishment of the foundation, which aims to promote IT development, and assured the government’s full support for its programmes.

He said the government was actively encouraging young people to pursue IT education and skills training, while also promoting entrepreneurship within the sector. The Prime Minister stated that equipping youth with education and training aligned with international standards was among the government’s top priorities. He further noted that the federal government was distributing laptops to high-performing students as part of initiatives to support academic achievement.

Paying tribute to Arfa Karim Randhawa, the Prime Minister acknowledged her significant contributions to the IT sector at a young age and her role in bringing international recognition to Pakistan. He added that, in recognition of her services, the IT Tower in Lahore had been renamed the Arfa Karim Tower. He reiterated the government’s commitment to strengthening the IT sector and positioning Pakistan as a regional technology hub.

On January 6, the Government of Pakistan issued a policy directive for the auction of radio frequency spectrum to support the expansion of next-generation mobile services. The auction, which will be conducted by the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA), covers multiple frequency bands and aims to enhance high-speed broadband access and facilitate the deployment of advanced mobile technologies, including 5G.

The spectrum bands to be auctioned include 15 MHz paired spectrum in the 700 MHz band, 3.6 MHz paired in the 1800 MHz band, 20 MHz paired in the 2100 MHz band, and unpaired spectrum totalling 50 MHz in the 2300 MHz band, 190 MHz in the 2600 MHz band, and 280 MHz in the 3500 MHz band. The policy directive ensures that the auction is technology-neutral, allowing the spectrum to be used for 4G, 5G, or future technologies in line with Pakistan’s regulatory and international standards.

Base prices for the spectrum have been set as follows: USD 6.5 million per MHz for paired spectrum in the 700 MHz band, USD 14 million for paired spectrum in the 1800 MHz and 2100 MHz bands, USD 1 million per MHz for unpaired spectrum in the 2300 MHz band, USD 1.25 million for the 2600 MHz band, and USD 0.65 million for the 3500 MHz band. The fees will be charged in US dollars, with the exchange rate determined based on the National Bank of Pakistan’s TT selling rate on the day before the auction.

A one-year moratorium period will be granted to successful bidders, during which no payments are required. After this period, at least 50 per cent of the total spectrum fee must be paid within the first year of licence issuance. The remaining amount can be paid over five equal annual instalments, calculated at the Karachi Interbank Offered Rate (KIBOR) plus 3 per cent. The licence duration for the awarded spectrum will be 15 years.

The PTA is expected to release an information memorandum detailing the auction process, eligibility criteria, and technical requirements for both existing operators and new entrants. The IT and Telecom Ministry has also proposed supportive measures, such as reduced taxation to encourage local smartphone manufacturing, duty-free import of 5G equipment, and implementation of industrial power tariffs for the telecom sector. The PTA has directed PTCL to participate in the auction, while telecom operator Jazz has welcomed the new policy framework.

Pakistan’s telecom industry has urged the government to ensure commercially viable conditions in the upcoming spectrum auction, as the country moves towards improving internet speeds and launching 5G services. Operators have highlighted long-standing spectrum shortages, financial constraints, and the need for policies that support sustainable digital growth rather than short-term revenue generation.

On January 2, Federal Minister for Information Technology and Telecommunication Shaza Fatima Khawaja announced that around 600 megahertz of additional spectrum would be auctioned in the coming weeks. Speaking to the media in Islamabad, she said Pakistan currently runs its entire mobile internet network on just 274MHz of spectrum for a population of nearly 240 million, describing the country as among the most spectrum-constrained in the region.

Telecom operators say spectrum is a core component of digital infrastructure, supporting mobile broadband services that underpin financial technology, freelancing platforms, and digital systems used by schools and hospitals. Despite growing demand for connectivity, limited spectrum availability has contributed to slow internet speeds, service quality issues, and restricted innovation across the economy.

Aamir Ibrahim, chief executive officer of Jazz, said the spectrum auction must reflect the economic realities of the sector. He called for pricing and payment terms in local currency and stressed the importance of a long-term policy approach to enable affordable internet access. He also pointed to low average revenue per user and unstable connectivity as barriers to reinvestment and digital inclusion.

The industry has welcomed the government’s decision to release more than 600MHz of new spectrum, describing it as a foundational step aligned with national digital objectives and emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. Industry statements referencing GSMA analysis warned that delays in releasing new spectrum could lead to significant losses in gross domestic product.

At the same time, operators are strengthening network readiness for 5G. Zong, working with Huawei, has completed Pakistan’s first field test of full-duplex E-band microwave technology. Separately, PTCL confirmed that it and the merged Ufone–Telenor Pakistan entity would participate in the auction, as the sector continues to consolidate under regulatory oversight from the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority.

]]> http://pakistanpressfoundation.org/pta-warns-against-illegal-social-media-content-and-reminds-users-of-sim-registration-rules/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pta-warns-against-illegal-social-media-content-and-reminds-users-of-sim-registration-rules Tue, 06 Jan 2026 08:14:11 +0000 https://pakistanpressfoundation.org/?p=113513 Continue reading "PTA warns against illegal social media content and reminds users of SIM registration rules"

On December 31, Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) issued a warning to social media users against sharing illegal and unlawful content online, while also reminding telecom consumers that all SIM cards must be registered in the user’s own name.

In a message released by a spokesperson for the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority, users were urged to exercise caution and responsibility when using digital platforms. The authority stated that freedom of expression is a fundamental right, but engaging in or promoting illegal activities under the guise of this freedom is unacceptable and subject to legal action.

The PTA clarified that content involving the desecration of religions, Prophethood or sacred personalities, incitement against any individual or institution, hateful or false propaganda targeting defence and other national institutions, obscene or immoral material, and the spread of fake news on social media platforms constitutes criminal offences under the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act (PECA) 2016.

The authority appealed to the general public to report such unlawful content in the public interest to help maintain peace and order in the country. Citizens were encouraged to use the PTA’s Content Management System (CMS) mobile application to report illegal online material.

Separately, the PTA reminded telecom consumers of the requirement that all SIMs must be registered in the user’s own name. In a statement, the authority urged responsible use of SIMs and telecommunications services, warning that the use of SIMs registered in another individual’s name is a violation of applicable regulations.

The PTA cautioned that failure to comply with SIM registration rules may result in legal consequences, reiterating the importance of adherence to existing telecommunications laws and regulations.

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On January 2, Federal Minister for Information Technology and Telecommunication Shaza Fatima Khawaja announced that Pakistan would auction around 600 megahertz of additional spectrum within the coming weeks, a move aimed at improving internet speeds and enabling the rollout of 5G services across the country.

Addressing the media in Islamabad, the minister said Pakistan currently operates its entire mobile internet network on just 274MHz of spectrum for a population of nearly 240 million. She described the country as spectrum-starved and noted that Bangladesh, with a significantly smaller population, has access to about 600MHz. According to the minister, Pakistan has the lowest spectrum availability in the region due to the absence of major spectrum auctions over many years.

The Economic Coordination Committee approved the auction process last week, with the government aiming to complete it by the end of January or early February. The auction will include seven spectrum bands, five of which are being offered in Pakistan for the first time. Officials expect improved 3G and 4G services within three to four months of the auction, while 5G services are projected to launch within six months in provincial capitals, including Islamabad.

The minister said the additional spectrum would support the rollout of future-ready connectivity and strengthen the country’s digital infrastructure. She stressed that the internet should be viewed as critical infrastructure, comparable to roads in earlier periods, and said improved connectivity was essential for economic development, employment creation, education, healthcare, agriculture, exports, and national and personal security.

The federal cabinet has also approved the Mobile Virtual Network Operator framework, designed to support a more efficient and targeted 5G auction. Under the policy, MVNOs will be able to offer nationwide services without owning spectrum, instead purchasing network capacity from existing mobile network operators and operating under their own brands.

The framework introduces a 15-year MVNO licence with a nationwide upfront fee of $140,000, payable in Pakistani rupees. MVNOs will be required to pay annual regulatory contributions, including universal service fund and research and development fees, based on combined revenues with their host operators. The licence can be renewed, but will be suspended if an MVNO ends its agreement with a host operator without securing a new one.

The policy supports multiple MVNO models, from basic resellers to full operators with their own core networks, and requires all agreements between mobile network operators and MVNOs to receive approval from the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority. MVNOs must meet service quality standards, operate helplines and customer care centres, and comply with national security requirements, including lawful interception and SIM management rules.

Separately, the minister said the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority has approved district-level internet service provider licences, allowing local cable operators and small companies to legally offer internet services in villages, small towns and underserved areas. She said this measure would expand fibre connectivity and address longstanding complaints from rural communities.

Pakistan’s international internet capacity is set to expand following the deployment of the South-East Asia–Middle East–Western Europe 6 (SEA-ME-WE 6) submarine cable system, a new high-capacity fibre network linking the country to destinations between Singapore and France, according to the Ministry of Information Technology.

The ministry said the 19,200-kilometre cable offers more than 100 terabits per second of total capacity and provides one of the lowest-latency routes connecting Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Western Europe. It stated that Pakistan has been allocated 13.2 Tbps under the system, with 4 Tbps activated immediately to enhance the country’s international bandwidth.

Officials said the system includes additional fibre pairs and more than twice the capacity of earlier SEA-ME-WE networks. The cable’s design incorporates geo-diversified crossings and landing points in Egypt to improve resilience and maintain connectivity along high-traffic Asia–Europe routes. According to the ministry, the system allows for rapid scalability, improved fault protection, and reduced network ownership costs for participating operators, while adding a new redundancy layer to the global internet backbone.

The consortium operating SEA-ME-WE 6 includes Transworld Associates from Pakistan, along with Bangladesh Submarine Cable Company, Bharti Airtel, Dhiraagu, Djibouti Telecom, Mobily, Orange, Singtel, Sri Lanka Telecom, Telecom Egypt, Telekom Malaysia, and Telin. Transworld said the cable is the ninth to land in Pakistan and its fourth system deployment, following previous projects in 2005, 2015, and 2024.

The ministry stated that the capacity added through SEA-ME-WE 6 is expected to strengthen support for cloud services, data centres, fintech, e-commerce, streaming platforms, and other digital sectors. Officials also noted that the system will expand overall bandwidth availability and improve network performance nationwide.

The deployment at Karachi’s Hawkes Bay adds to Pakistan’s existing submarine cable infrastructure. Currently, six operational cables bring internet connectivity to the country, including AAE-1, SMW-4, IMEWE, SMW-5, TWA-1, and PEACE, operated by PTCL, Transworld Associates, and Cyber Internet Services. Earlier, Pakistan Telecommunication Company Ltd landed the Africa-1 submarine cable in February, while Transworld Associates linked the Africa-2 cable to its Karachi station in December.

On November 18, a global Cloudflare outage disrupted access to numerous websites and online services in Pakistan, affecting major news portals and international platforms before the company applied a fix and restored normal operations. Cloudflare said the issue had been resolved and that teams were monitoring systems to ensure full stability.

The disruption began around 4:10pm Pakistan time, according to user reports on Downdetector. Cloudflare confirmed an internal service degradation at 11:48 UTC that caused widespread “500 Internal Server Errors” and impacted Access, WARP, the Cloudflare dashboard, and the API. The company later said the outage stemmed from a spike in unusual traffic to one of its services, which triggered a latent bug in a component supporting its bot-mitigation system.

In Pakistan, the outage directly affected major news websites, including Geo, Samaa, Dawn, and ARY, making them inaccessible for many users. The failure of Cloudflare’s CAPTCHA and Turnstile security challenges — used by numerous local and international sites — further contributed to service interruptions. Several Pakistan-based users also reported difficulties accessing global platforms such as ChatGPT, OpenAI services, and X, formerly Twitter.

The Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) said it was closely monitoring the situation and remained in contact with global platforms and local operators until services were restored. NetBlocks, an internet observatory, confirmed that the disruptions originated from Cloudflare’s global network issues and were not related to domestic internet filtering or country-level restrictions.

Cloudflare reported progress throughout the day, stating at 6:09pm that Access and WARP services had recovered and that error levels had returned to normal. At 7:42pm, the company said it believed the incident was resolved but noted that some customers might still face issues logging into the dashboard. Later updates confirmed that all services were operating normally and could be safely re-enabled.

The outage also coincided with thousands of users reporting problems with X in the United States and other countries, though it was unclear whether those disruptions were connected. Cloudflare said it would provide a final update after completing its investigation into the cause of the incident.

On November 18, the National Assembly’s Standing Committee on IT and Telecom directed the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) to conduct comprehensive nationwide surveys to address the slowdown in internet services and present a detailed report at its next meeting. The Committee also reviewed progress on major IT infrastructure projects and received briefings on upcoming initiatives in the public telecom sector.

During the meeting, Committee chairman Syed Amin ul Haq instructed PTA officials to carry out special quality-assessment surveys and take immediate practical measures to improve internet speed and coverage. PTA officials informed the panel that 273 MHz of spectrum was currently available in the country, but demand for high-speed internet had exceeded capacity. They added that the government planned to auction 600 MHz of spectrum across various bands as the process moved toward the rollout of 5G.

The Committee reviewed the Islamabad IT Park project and was informed that the consultant’s contract expired on October 31, with the contractor initiating the renewal process. The panel reiterated the prime minister’s deadline of December 31, 2025, for the project’s completion.

Regarding the Karachi IT Park, the Committee noted that the project remained in its initial stages and that a contract award was expected soon. Officials reported that a delegation from South Korea would visit on December 2 to finalise pending matters. The Committee directed that the contract be awarded without delay to ensure completion within the stipulated two-year period.

The managing director of the National Telecommunication Corporation (NTC) briefed the Committee on planned initiatives, including secure mobile connectivity for government officials and new data centres in Karachi and Quetta. The panel was informed that these projects were part of a broader strategy to enhance cybersecurity and strengthen IT and telecom services for public-sector institutions.

Committee members acknowledged the NTC’s ongoing projects as satisfactory and advised the organisation to avoid downsizing. Instead, they recommended adopting a rightsizing approach to ensure employees were retained and appropriately placed according to operational needs.

The Committee also deferred consideration of “The Prevention of Obscenity and Indecency in Digital Media Bill, 2025” to its next meeting due to the absence of the bill’s mover.

Cyber Internet Services, operating as StormFiber, has filed a petition in the Peshawar High Court contesting the 19.5 per cent sales tax imposed on internet-based cable TV services under the amended Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Sales Tax on Services Act, 2022. The company, through Advocate Nouman Muhib Kakakhel, named the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa government, KP Revenue Authority, and the secretaries of law and finance as respondents.

The petitioner argued that amendments made through the KP Finance Act, 2025, were unconstitutional and discriminatory. StormFiber stated that it is a licensed provider of fibre-to-home internet and television services, holding multiple licences from the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) and the Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) for both Cable TV Distribution Services (CATV) and Internet Protocol Television (IPTV).

According to the petition, CATV and IPTV are both regulated by PEMRA but differ in delivery methods — traditional cable versus internet-based transmission. Initially, a two per cent tax applied to CATV services and 19.5 per cent to internet-based TV services. The 2025 amendments, however, extended the higher 19.5 per cent rate to telecommunication providers offering TV services, while traditional cable operators remained taxed at only five per cent.

StormFiber contended that the amendment violated constitutional principles of equality and fairness under Articles 4, 8, 18, 25, and 77, as it taxed identical services differently based on the provider’s identity rather than the nature of the service. The company maintained that the measure unfairly burdened integrated service providers offering internet, TV, and telephony — commonly known as “Triple Play Services.”

In August, the GSM Association (GSMA) reported that Pakistan’s mobile service tax rate, standing at 33 per cent including 18 per cent sales tax and 15 per cent advance tax, is the highest in the region. The report said these taxes hinder digital growth and foreign investment, urging the government to review the rates. In comparison, regional mobile service taxes are 26 per cent in Nepal, 23 per cent in Sri Lanka, and 18 per cent in India, with even lower rates across Southeast Asia.

Internet users across Pakistan are likely to experience slow speeds and service disruptions today (October 14) as maintenance work begins on a major submarine cable system, Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) has announced. The disruption is expected to last for several hours due to the repair of a faulty repeater in the undersea network.

According to PTCL, the maintenance activity is scheduled to begin around 11am Pakistan Standard Time and may continue for up to 18 hours. “The activity will start on October 14 … around 11am PST, which can last for up to 18 hours,” PTCL stated in an announcement on X. “During this period, customers will face Internet service degradation. We regret the inconvenience, please.”

The company explained that the repair work involves a repeater — a key component that amplifies data signals along undersea internet cables connecting Pakistan to global networks. The International Cable Consortium, responsible for maintaining these links, has scheduled the repair as part of routine maintenance operations.

A PTCL spokesperson said that during the maintenance window, users may face intermittent connectivity issues and difficulty accessing websites and social media platforms. “We sincerely regret any disruptions and thank users for their patience as essential maintenance is carried out to ensure network stability,” the spokesperson said.

A day earlier, on October 13, internet monitoring service Downdetector also recorded user reports of difficulty accessing platforms such as Facebook and Instagram in Pakistan, with reports of slow performance on mobile data and broadband connections. Telecom operators confirmed instances of temporary network congestion in some areas during the maintenance period.

PTCL noted that full internet connectivity is expected to return to normal once the repair work is completed and the international link resumes regular operations. “The maintenance activity is part of regular global network upgrades, and our teams are working closely with international partners to minimize user impact,” the company said.

The latest maintenance follows similar issues reported earlier this year. On January 3, a fault in the AAE-1 subsea cable caused widespread slowdowns in Pakistan before full connectivity was restored on January 16. PTCL has also previously cautioned users about potential disruptions caused by cable cuts in Saudi waters.

]]> http://pakistanpressfoundation.org/pm-shehbaz-sharif-unveils-national-ai-push-to-drive-pakistans-digital-economy/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=pm-shehbaz-sharif-unveils-national-ai-push-to-drive-pakistans-digital-economy Tue, 14 Oct 2025 07:36:25 +0000 https://pakistanpressfoundation.org/?p=113309 Continue reading "PM Shehbaz Sharif Unveils National AI Push to Drive Pakistan’s Digital Economy"

On October 11, Prime Minister Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif chaired a meeting in Lahore focusing on the enhancement of Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the country. The Prime Minister emphasized the government’s commitment to leveraging AI for economic development and outlined plans for implementing a robust national AI policy.

During the meeting, Prime Minister Sharif detailed the government’s approach to integrating AI more effectively into the digital economy. He underscored the potential of AI to play a pivotal role in this sector and reaffirmed the execution of the national AI strategy. He stated that the government is working on a priority basis to promote Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence.

To ensure the responsible implementation of AI technologies, the Prime Minister issued directives focusing on data protection and sovereignty. He highlighted the importance of ethical considerations and the responsible use of AI, instructing officials to pay close attention to these aspects during the policy’s execution.

Further solidifying his commitment to AI, Prime Minister Sharif ordered the establishment of a steering committee tasked with the promotion and implementation of AI initiatives. The meeting also disclosed the formation of an AI Advisory Panel, which consists of experts dedicated to guiding the deployment of AI technologies.

These steps are part of a broader effort by the government to foster innovation and modernize Pakistan’s economic infrastructure through advanced technologies. By prioritizing AI, the Prime Minister aims to position Pakistan at the forefront of the digital economy in the region.

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However, a significant hurdle remains as these providers must register with the Pakistan Space Activities Regulatory Board (PSARB), a step that is crucial for activating their services. This registration is pending due to the PSARB’s ongoing development of its licensing regime for low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite providers, which has yet to be finalized. The delay in registration is stalling potential foreign investment and the rollout of high-speed connectivity plans.

Further complicating the situation, the PTA’s draft policy for satellite internet providers is also awaiting formal approval. This policy is crucial for outlining operational requirements and compliance regulations for the providers. Approval has been stalled due to legal challenges facing the PTA’s chairman, whose appointment was recently declared illegal by a court. This legal issue could delay the policy’s implementation, initially expected by the end of the month.

The draft policy mandates that all LEO internet service providers block certain websites and content as directed by the PTA and ensure that all user data remains within Pakistan. It also restricts providers from allowing foreign entities access to operational control or network infrastructure. Furthermore, the policy includes a provision for satellite providers to support mobile operators by offering backhaul services, particularly beneficial in remote areas.

Moreover, the policy addresses potential interference issues by establishing a “Satellite Interference Reporting and Resolution System” (SIRRS) to manage and resolve any conflicts with geostationary orbit (GSO) satellites and other wireless networks. The Frequency Allocation Board (FAB) will oversee this system.

The licensing fee for satellite internet service providers has been set at $500,000, with an additional annual contribution of 1.5 percent of gross revenue to the Universal Service Fund (USF).

The introduction of Fixed Satellite Services (FSS) licenses, as announced by the PTA, represents a significant development in the country’s digital infrastructure strategy. These licenses, valid for 15 years with a one-time fee, aim to simplify the regulatory framework and encourage the setup of essential infrastructure like gateway earth stations within Pakistan.

Despite these advancements, earlier disruptions in internet services due to submarine cable cuts near Jeddah highlight the fragility of Pakistan’s current internet infrastructure and underscore the potential benefits of diversified internet access through satellite services.

On June 19,the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) held a ceremony to mark the number of telecom subscribers in the country crossing 200 million. The figure includes 150 million broadband users and over 2 million fibre-to-home connections.

IT and Telecom Minister Shaza Fatima Khawaja, speaking at the event, said the government is continuing work on the launch of 5G internet services.

The event was attended by officials from Jazz, Telenor, Ufone, Zong, SCO, and mobile device manufacturing companies.

To mark the milestone, all mobile users in Pakistan will receive 2GB of free data and 200 on-net minutes on June 20. The offer is valid for 24 hours and can be activated by dialling *2200#.

The PTA, along with PTCL, Transworld, Nayatel, Cybernet, and Wateen, also announced the installation of Wi-Fi hotspots at selected HEC-recognised universities, including women-only institutions. The service will be available for six months. Mobile phone manufacturers have provided 200 locally assembled smartphones. These will be distributed among female SIM owners through computerised balloting. Distribution will take place across Pakistan, including Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan.

PTA Chairman Major General (retd) Hafeez-ur-Rehman said mobile services are now available in 80.30 percent of the country’s geographical area. He said mobile subscriptions have reached 197.7 million, broadband users are 150 million, and fixed-line users stand at 3.75 million. The PTA reported a decrease in teledensity from 81.4 percent in June 2023 to 81.21 percent in June 2025. Broadband penetration increased from 53.6 percent to 60.8 percent during the same period.

According to the PTA, women now make up 38 percent of mobile internet users, up from 25 percent last year. More than 36 mobile device manufacturing companies are operating in Pakistan. Since 2019, 136 million handsets have been assembled or manufactured locally.

The PTA has advised users to ensure their SIM cards are registered under their own names. SIM details can be verified by visiting cnic.sims.pk or sending the CNIC number to 668 via SMS.

On June 16, Prime Minister Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif directed authorities to accelerate the development of a sustainable Information and Computer System aimed at making Pakistan a regional IT hub. Chairing a review meeting in Islamabad, he emphasised the importance of modern training programs to empower youth and ensure their employment in the IT sector.

The prime minister instructed that clear terms of reference be finalised for consultancy services and a strict timeline be set for the system’s development and early completion. He said that Pakistan’s talented youth are its greatest asset and should be trained to meet international standards.

During the meeting, officials briefed the prime minister on progress made in the development of the IT training system, with consultancy services nearing finalisation. It was shared that 20,000 students have already received advanced IT training with the support of Huawei.

The meeting was informed that Pakistani students who underwent training last year secured the top three positions in global IT competitions, defeating 200,000 participants worldwide. The prime minister congratulated the students for making the country proud.

PM Shehbaz instructed relevant ministries and departments, including the Ministry of Federal Education, Higher Education Commission, Neotech, and the Ministry of IT, to collaborate in providing IT training at the school, college, and university levels. He also directed that training programs be included in summer camps during the current vacation period.

It was further revealed that training initiatives are being expanded nationwide, with plans to train 80,000 more students through online classes, including in remote areas such as Turbat. Additionally, 50,000 trainers will be trained in regions including AJK and GB, and 300,000 students will be trained through Bachelor’s programs and AI courses. Under the PM’s Youth Program, 2,000 students will also be enrolled in advanced IT courses.

The Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) issued an advisory calling on all mobile users to verify that their SIM cards are registered in their own names. The authority cautioned that unauthorized individuals may exploit stolen identity information to obtain SIM cards illegally, which could then be misused for fraud, cybercrimes, or terrorism-related activities.

To check the number of SIMs registered under their CNIC, users have been advised to visit https://cnic.sims.pk or send their CNIC number (without dashes) via SMS to 668. PTA has strongly advised users to immediately block any SIM card found registered in their name that is not in use.

The advisory is issued under the framework of the Device Identification, Registration, and Blocking System (DIRBS), which mandates the registration of all mobile devices and SIMs in Pakistan in accordance with national security protocols.

On May 18, the Minister of State for Information Technology and Telecommunication Shaza Fatima Khawaja said that Pakistan has made significant strides in digital development and economic recovery under the leadership of Prime Minister Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif.

Speaking to the media, she announced that Pakistan has crossed 200 million mobile subscribers, which she said “shows strong progress toward digital inclusion”. She highlighted that in 2024, eight million women began using mobile internet for the first time, adding to a total of 13 million new users overall. She credited this achievement to the government’s Gender Digital Divide Policy, which she said played a crucial role in narrowing the mobile internet usage gap between men and women from 38% to 25%.

Khawaja said that Pakistan has transitioned from the “brink of economic collapse to a trajectory of sustainable growth and digital transformation” under the leadership of Prime Minister Muhammad Shehbaz Sharif. Speaking to the media she said that just over two years ago, Pakistan faced serious economic challenges, including fears of default, falling exports, and low investment. However, strong government efforts helped improve the overall economic condition.

Sharing updates on the IT sector, she shared that Pakistan’s IT exports — including earnings from freelancers and IT companies — reached over $3.5 billion between July 2024 and April 2025. Of this, $3.14 billion came from IT services alone in the first 10 months of the fiscal year.”

She said, “Pakistan is moving steadily towards the vision of a ‘Digital Pakistan,’ where technology supports the economy and ensures inclusive growth.” She added, “Our IT sector’s trade surplus is the highest among all service sectors, at around $2.3 billion.”

She said despite global challenges like reduced demand and trade barriers, Pakistan’s IT sector has remained strong and growing. She credited this to a better economic environment and the Prime Minister’s coordinated policies, particularly through platforms like the Special Investment Facilitation Council (SIFC), which boosted investor confidence.

She said a major achievement was the country’s first Digital FDI Forum, organized with the support of the Saudi-based Digital Cooperation Organization (DCO). The event drew over 500 participants, including 100 international investors, global tech CEOs, development leaders, and government officials. Over 100 Pakistani IT companies presented their products and proposals.

The event concluded with signed investment agreements worth $700 million, not just MoUs. “These investments will benefit the entire economy in the coming years,” she said.

She thanked key government bodies and industry leaders, especially P@SHA Chairman Sajjad Syed, for supporting the successful forum, highlighting the $700 million investment as proof of strong public-private partnership. The minister also praised initiatives by SIFC, PTA, PSEB, Ignite R&D Fund, and USF for connecting over one million people in remote areas, noting that internet usage grew by over 25 percent and two new submarine cable projects are in progress.

“These steps are building a connected and digital Pakistan, where every citizen will have a digital ID and can access government services through mobile phones — without needing to stand in long queues,” she said.

She also praised Pakistan’s technological capabilities demonstrated during defense operations, saying the country had proven its strength to the world. “Through courage, unity, and leadership, we’ve secured both our economy and our national defense,” she said.

On April 18, the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA)announced that it had initiated the process of licensing Virtual Private Network (VPN) service providers under the Class License for the Provision of Data Services in the country.

According to a press statement, the Authority has already issued Class Licenses to three companies for the provision of VPN services.

“All VPN service providers operating without a license are advised to promptly obtain the required Class License to ensure compliance with the existing regulatory framework. Timely licensing will help prevent potential service disruptions and ensure uninterrupted access for their customers,” a press statement read.

Detailed information regarding the licensing process, eligibility criteria, and application forms is available on the PTA’s official website: www.pta.gov.pk.

On February 27, the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) assured the Senate Standing Committee on Information Technology and Telecommunications that gaps related to the 5G auction will be resolved “soon.” During a briefing to the committee, PTA officials shared that an Advisory Committee, under the finance minister, has been established to assess market and spectrum capacity in light of national requirements.

The meeting, chaired by Senator Palwasha Muhammad Zai Khan, received a briefing on PTA’s preparedness for the 5G auction. Officials stated that trials have been conducted, and a market assessment has been completed. They emphasized that 5G requires additional spectrum, and existing gaps will be “sorted out soon.”

The IT Ministry officials also informed the committee that even after the launch of 5G, not all users would shift to 5G at once. They added that the 5G spectrum would enhance the speeds of existing 3G and 4G networks.

The PTA highlighted that the 5G spectrum auction policy requires a policy directive from the government and a consultant was hired last year to assist in spectrum planning. A report has already been submitted in this regard.

Additionally, the committee was briefed on Universal Service Fund (USF) projects completed over the last three years. Officials stated that in the past three years, USF completed 63 3G/4G projects across Pakistan, benefiting approximately 21.7 million individuals in 11,225 Mauzas.

The committee was also informed that the involvement of three to four key market players would be considered in the 5G auction process. Meanwhile, concerns regarding complaints from Balochistan were raised by Senator Humayun Mehmood. USF officials cited security issues as a reason for service interruptions in some regions and noted challenges in completing projects in North and South Waziristan.

Furthermore, the committee chairperson questioned the reasons behind internet disruptions on the motorway. USF officials said that PTA was addressing the issue and work was underway for resolution.

PTA Chairman, Major General (R) Hafeez Ur Rehman, described 5G as a gateway to innovation and economic progress while welcoming telecom experts from Malaysia. He noted that Malaysia, already launched 5G and is advancing towards 5.5G, offers valuable insights for Pakistan’s 5G deployment. He also announced that Pakistan’s 5G spectrum auction is scheduled for April or May, acknowledging the delays in rolling out the technology.

Malaysian High Commissioner to Pakistan, Dato’ Mohammad Azhar Mazlan, spoke about the Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission’s (MCMC) role in fostering international partnerships, talent development, and advancing 5G adoption to build a skilled digital workforce.

Federal Minister for IT and Telecom Shaza Fatima Khawaja emphasized the role of 5G in economic growth and digital transformation, calling the masterclass a “pivotal step in Pakistan’s digital ambitions.”

Minister Khawaja highlighted ongoing internet challenges in Pakistan, assuring that the upcoming spectrum auction in April would help resolve challenges and improve 4G and 5G services. She also announced the arrival of the world’s largest submarine cable in Pakistan with more cables to be introduced if needed. She emphasized Pakistan’s digital ambitions and noted that global GDP forecasts project a $1.3 trillion boost from 5G adoption.

Federal Minister for Planning, Development & Special Initiatives Ahsan Iqbal highlighted the significance of 5G adoption for long-term economic progress and technological progress, adding that sustainable progress could be achieved through Pakistan-Malaysia collaboration. Mikko Lavanti, Senior Vice President of Nokia Mobile Networks for the Middle East and Africa, reiterated Nokia’s support for Pakistan’s digital development, stressing that 5G was a “key driver” of economic growth.

The masterclass featured technical discussions, expert panels, and knowledge-sharing sessions, laying the groundwork for future digital advancements. PTA and MCMC reaffirmed their commitment to driving innovation and strengthening digital capabilities in both countries.

Photo: Facebook @PTA

Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) announced the scheduled landing of the Africa-1 Submarine Cable at its Seaview station in Karachi on February 22. PTCL, in a notice to the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) on February 21, announced the development. The $59.5 million project, approved in November 2020, is set to be operational by 2026.

PTCL has invested in the initiative since 2021. “By 2025, approximately 75% of the total investment will have been completed over four years, with the expectation of reaching the full project cost within the year,” PTCL noted.

“The initiative is designed to enhance connectivity between the UAE, Europe, and Africa, featuring multiple landing stations along the route,” PTCL said.

This is the second undersea cable landing in two months, following Transworld Associates’ Africa-2 cable in December. Pakistan currently relies on six submarine cables for internet access, managed by PTCL, Transworld Associates, and Cyber Internet Services.

Industry experts welcome the initiative, citing its potential to improve digital services and internet speeds. Nayatel CEO Wahajus Siraj emphasized the need to reduce wholesale internet costs, comparing prices to India’s more affordable broadband rates. Muhammad Umair Nizam of P@SHA stressed that better connectivity via new cables could “significantly improve”  the digital ecosystem and provide support to the economy. He said IT exports, already exceeded $3.2 billion, with a goal of reaching $15 billion.

The project comes amid frequent internet disruptions in Pakistan. Last month, PTA Chairman Major General (r) Hafeez Ur Rehman informed the National Assembly’s IT Committee about four upcoming submarine cables to enhance connectivity and internet reliability.

Pakistan and Saudi Arabia have agreed to enhance digital investment and technology partnerships to support Pakistani startups and small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in accessing the Saudi market. The agreement was reached during a meeting between Pakistan’s Minister of State for Information Technology and Telecom, Shaza Fatima Khawaja, and Saudi Deputy Investment Minister, Ibrahim Almubarak, on the sidelines of the LEAP 2025 technology conference in Riyadh.

The discussions covered business-to-business collaborations in artificial intelligence (AI), cloud computing, and fintech. Officials explored ways to simplify licensing and registration processes for Pakistani companies looking to enter the Saudi market. They agreed to strengthen joint research and development initiatives and digitize the degree attestation process for Pakistanis looking for opportunities in Saudi Arabia.

Speaking at a panel discussion titled “Shaping the Future of Ethical AI: Multilateral Perspectives on Governance and Risk Management,” hosted by Deemah Al Yahya, Secretary General of the Digital Cooperation Organization (DCO), Khawaja emphasized the impact of AI on industries and called for multilateral cooperation and regulatory frameworks to ensure AI benefits all sectors of society.

She underscored the importance of data privacy, security, and fairness in AI systems, urging global collaboration to develop governance models that prevent discrimination and ensure equal access to digital opportunities.

The LEAP 2025 conference, held from February 9 to 12 in Riyadh, brought together Pakistani and Saudi business leaders, government officials, and technology experts.

The resolution, tabled by Senator Aon Abbas Buppi, sought a review of the amendments and the removal of provisions that undermined fundamental human rights.

Following the adjournment, opposition senators, led by Shibli Faraz, met with parliamentary reporters to express solidarity with the media. Senator Ali Zafar read out the resolution, while Senator Buppi claimed the opposition had a majority and accused the government of panicking and raising the quorum issue. He announced plans to reintroduce the resolution in the next session.

Journalists across Pakistan staged protests against the Peca amendments, denouncing it as a threat to press freedom and free speech. Organized by the Pakistan Federal Union of Journalists (PFUJ), demonstrators marched from the National Press Club to D-Chowk, carrying placards and banners rejecting the law.  The protest was also joined by the President of the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ), Dominique Pradalié.

Addressing the gathering, PFUJ President Afzal Butt declared, “freedom of press movement has started, and we are on the street as well as we have moved court to fight a legal battle against the black law.” He warned that if the government failed to take back the law, they would stage nationwide protests.

Hunger strike camps and rallies were also held in Islamabad, Karachi, Quetta, Hyderabad, and Rawalpindi.

“A black law in the form of PECA has been imposed on the freedom of expression, which is the fundamental right of citizens,” the KUJ said, urging journalists to continue protests until the law is abolished. The Balochistan Union of Journalists (BUJ) also staged a hunger strike outside the Quetta Press Club, rejecting the law. “We will not accept the controversial PECA law at any cost. We will not let any attempt to curb freedom of expression succeed,” BUJ stated.

Khawaja added that the CPP was conducting a “comprehensive review,” and the government has urged the commission to expedite its decision to help stakeholders plan effectively. The spectrum auction is expected to take place by mid-2025.

Parliamentary Secretary for Finance, Saad Waseem Sheikh, informed the House that PTCL had submitted a pre-merger application to the CCP for approval to acquire 100% shareholding of Telenor Pakistan. He noted that the CCP had completed Phase I of its review, raising concerns about reduced competition in the market.

Entering Phase II, there were challenges in assessing market dominance, increased market concentration, and risks related to competition as well as in gathering required financial data, particularly regarding PTCL’s transactions with Ufone.

The commission is considering regulatory interventions, including fair spectrum allocation, to prevent PTCL from gaining an unfair advantage following the merger.

During the question hour, Ghori acknowledged concerns over slow internet speed, stating: “There are several reasons for internet slowdowns.” Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) member Agha Rafiullah highlighted connectivity issues, complaining: “No videos can be downloaded, the internet does not work at all at times.”

Another PPP lawmaker, Shagufta Jumani, referenced a previous remark by PPP Chairperson Bilawal Bhutto, saying: “There is some fish that only eats Pakistan’s cable.” Responding humorously, Ghori said: “There is some fish that cuts the internet cable, but we don’t know which fish it is.”

On February 3, the National Assembly Standing Committee on Information Technology urged the finalisation of an agreement with Starlink. Chaired by Aminul Haq, the committee discussed key projects, including the IT Ministry’s budget for FY 2024-25. Haq directed officials to expedite the licensing process for Starlink. The parliamentary secretary had confirmed that the service would be available by June 2025.

The first security flaw, CVE-2024-4671, allows attackers to bypass Chrome’s sandbox environment, making it possible to gain unauthorized access to devices through compromised web pages. The second flaw, CVE-2024-4761, affects the V8 JavaScript engine, creating a scenario where attackers can manipulate system memory and execute malicious code. Both vulnerabilities are categorized as high-severity threats and pose a threat to users across Windows, macOS, and Linux platforms.

PTA has advised users to install Google Chrome version 124.0.6367.207 or later to address these issues. To update, users should open Chrome, navigate to Settings > About Chrome, and restart the browser if prompted. The advisory also recommends activating automatic updates to ensure future security patches are applied without delay.

Users are encouraged to remain watchful for any unusual system behavior that might indicate an attack. PTA has requested individuals and organizations experiencing security incidents to report them via the PTA CERT Portal or through official email channels.

Earlier, on January 26, the National Telecom and Information Technology Security Board (NTISB) also released a cybersecurity warning regarding malicious browser extensions. The advisory highlighted that certain popular extensions, including ChatGPT-4, Gemini for Chrome, Bard AI Chat Extension, VPNCity, and VidHelper Video Downloader, have been compromised by hackers. These extensions, commonly used for AI tools and VPN services, were reportedly injected with malicious code, exposing users’ personal identifiable information (PII) to phishing threats.

Photo: Pakistan Telecommunication Authority

The advisory highlights that hackers are exploiting popular tools such as ChatGPT-4, Gemini for Chrome, Bard AI Chat Extension, VPNCity, VidHelper Video Downloader, and over a dozen others. These extensions, commonly used for artificial intelligence-powered tasks and virtual private networks (VPNs), have reportedly been injected with malicious code, exposing users’ personal identifiable information (PII) to phishing attacks.

According to the NTISB, the targeted browser extensions are used for various functions, including AI assistance, video downloading, keylogging, and VPN services. Among the 16 compromised extensions identified are AI Assistant — ChatGPT, GPT 4 Summary with OpenAI, Search CoPilot AI Assistant for Chrome, Wayin AI, Internxt VPN, Bookmark Favicon Changer, Parrot Talks, Trackker — Online Keylogger Tool, AI Shop Buddy, and Rewards Search Automation etc.

The advisory comes after reports of a large-scale hacking incident last month in which 35 browser extensions, including the 16 listed by the NTISB, were exploited. The attack reportedly affected over 2.6 million users worldwide.

The NTISB noted that hackers are leveraging legitimate browser extensions to distribute malicious updates, allowing them to steal personal information from users’ social media accounts, banking platforms, and other online services. Extensions, unlike standalone applications, operate within browsers and often require extensive permissions, making them vulnerable to misuse.

Two of the identified extensions, VPNCity and Internxt VPN, have raised additional concerns due to their widespread use in Pakistan for bypassing internet restrictions. While VPNs are popular tools for privacy, the advisory warns that free VPNs often carry hidden risks, such as leaking user data, IP addresses, and DNS information. Experts have cautioned that many free VPNs monetize user data by selling it to third parties, further increasing cybersecurity vulnerabilities.

The NTISB has provided the following recommendations to internet users:

1. Avoid above mentioned extensions for time being and use alternate well-reputed options.
2. Only install trusted extensions.
3. Read and review permissions and ratings.
4. Limit permissions where possible.
5. Regularly update extensions.
6. Remove unused extensions.
7. Use well reputed and licensed Antivirus software.
8. Be wary of free extensions.
9.  Actively monitor system utilities and data usage for abnormal activity

During the meeting, the chairman of the committee, Haque, emphasized that the bill aims to transform Pakistan into a digital nation. “The aim is to create a progressive digital society as well as promote a thriving digital economy, for which we need to establish a shared digital governance ecosystem,” he stated.

Members of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) opposed the bill and announced their intention to submit a dissenting note, citing serious reservations about various aspects of the legislation.

PTI members raised strong objections to the bill, urging the government to address their concerns before proceeding. Committee member Omar Ayub criticized the state of the country’s digital infrastructure, alleging that internet speeds were deliberately slowed during PTI rallies. He also quipped that “shark attacks on underwater internet cables have caused severe damage.”

“The digital economy is on the brink of collapse, and we lack the necessary tools to sustain it,” Ayub added.  Another PTI member, Umair Niazi, called for more time to address their concerns, stating, “Do not rush this process. Address our reservations first.“

Minister of State for IT and Telecommunication, Shaza Fatima Khawaja, clarified that the bill does not intend to centralize data collection but instead aims to streamline digital identity management and enhance cybersecurity measures. She stated that the legislation would help eliminate paperwork, reduce corruption, and improve the delivery of public services. However, she highlighted that government offices remain a significant hurdle to digitization and that the new law was necessary to include all stakeholders on one platform.

The approval follows months of debate and scrutiny, with earlier sessions highlighting concerns regarding the country’s inadequate digital infrastructure. During a previous committee meeting on January 2, the bill was deferred after committee members raised critical questions about recurring internet service disruptions and the lack of transparency in infrastructure spending.

The bill was first approved by the federal cabinet in June 2024, and was tabled in the National Assembly on December 15, 2024.

“The matter can be resolved in one month and Starlink can launch services, once it gets security clearance as well as the required LDI and LL licenses from PTA,” said the PTA chairman while briefing the Senate Standing Committee on Information Technology and Telecommunication. 

Senator Palwasha Khan raised concerns over Elon Musk’s statements regarding grooming gangs in the UK allegedly operated by Pakistanis. “It seems Elon Musk has partnered with India to propagate false allegations against Pakistan,” she stated.

Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) Senator Afnanullah Khan said:  “The PTA must consider Musk’s campaign against Pakistan before issuing a license. He should apologise for his statements before any further steps are taken.”

The PTA chairman stated that satellite-based telecommunication services can be provided by any satellite service provider after complying with PTA licensing requirements, including the provision of monitoring and lawful interception facilities. He explained that Starlink had registered itself with the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) as Starlink Internet Services Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd., a holding of Netherlands BV Starlink (SpaceX).

Starlink applied for a Long Distance & International (LDI) license on February 24, 2022, and 14 Local Loop (LL) licenses on April 29, 2022. The case was processed to the Ministry of Information Technology and Telecommunication (MOIT&T) on March 11, 2022, to bring all stakeholders on board. The Frequency Allocation Board (FAB) informed that the Starlink satellite constellation is operating worldwide without reported cases of harmful interference to incumbent terrestrial systems or geostationary satellites.

The National Satellite Policy was approved in December 2023. However, the committee questioned how a caretaker government could approve such a policy and its subsequent rules. The policy is to be implemented through the National Space Agency (SUPARCO) and directs all relevant federal and provincial ministries, divisions, departments, and agencies to extend full support in achieving the policy’s objectives.

Shanghai Space Technology is also entering the Pakistani market.

Elon Musk recently stated on social media platform X (formerly Twitter) that he is awaiting approval from the Pakistani government to launch Starlink in the country. This statement came in response to a request by Pakistani social media user Sanam Jamali, who urged Musk to introduce Starlink in Pakistan. Musk responded, stating that he is waiting for the necessary approvals from the government.

Earlier,  on January 7, Minister of State for Information Technology and Telecom, Shaza Fatima Khawaja, met with a Starlink delegation to discuss the company’s licensing progress in Pakistan. Starlink, known for its Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, has registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) but is awaiting approval from the Pakistan Space Activities Regulatory Board (PSARB) for satellite landing rights, followed by an operational license from the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA).

The decision comes in the wake of numerous incidents involving fraudulent activities where fake websites were used to create illegitimate identification documents and obtain personal information from citizens. To combat these security breaches and provide a safer, more user-friendly platform, the website will be shut down, redirecting all functionalities to the mobile app.

The mobile app will support all existing services, including issuing national identity cards, NICOP, POC, B Form, and FRC. It is designed to facilitate all identification processes remotely, catering mainly to the needs of overseas Pakistanis who have faced significant challenges with the website, such as difficulties in scanning and uploading documents.

The announcement also addressed recent security concerns linked to the misuse of NADRA’s online systems. Sensitive information had been reportedly accessed by unauthorized police department officials and exploited for personal gains. In response, strict measures are being implemented by both the Ministry of Interior and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Photo: Nadra

Starlink, an Elon Musk-owned company renowned for its cutting-edge Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, has completed registration with the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP). However, the company is awaiting approval from the Pakistan Space Activities Regulatory Board (PSARB) to receive satellite landing rights, a critical requirement before it can operate in Pakistan. Once this approval is granted, the final step will be securing an operational license from the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA), allowing the company to deliver its services to users.

“The Space Board Authority is currently reviewing various technical aspects, and we have communicated updates to Starlink,” the minister stated.

Pakistan is addressing the digital divide, particularly in rural areas, by expanding internet access through advanced satellite technology. The country currently relies on 13 high-orbit satellites, which provide services such as TV broadcasting through PEMRA-licensed channels. However, Starlink’s LEO satellites, which operate much closer to Earth, are expected to provide consumers more direct, high-speed internet services.

With Pakistan’s internet infrastructure facing challenges such as slow speeds and intermittent outages, especially last year due to political factors, businesses have started turning to Starlink. A senior executive from one such company using Starlink through equipment sourced from UK, noted: “The rates are as high as 750 pounds per month, but we are confident in smooth business operations, as the internet speed with Starlink is also satisfactory”.

The PTA has cautioned that using foreign satellite internet services, including Starlink, is illegal and action can be taken if users are caught.

“There were a few glitches in the past but now I feel this is more of a political discussion without evidence,” he said.

In a detailed address to journalists, the minister refuted a recent report from Top10VPN.com which ranked Pakistan as the leader in financial setbacks due to internet disruptions in 2024, with losses amounting to $1.62 billion. The report highlighted at least 18 intentional shutdowns, including three significant disruptions during key electoral periods, aimed to control information flow during protests.

Tarar, however, disputed these figures, saying: “You won’t find cheaper internet than we have here, look at the ads with the slogans regarding unl­imited data, whether telecom or Local Area Net­w­ork system.”

Tarar questioned, “under which parameter they have been calculated.”

“This was calculated by a VPN forum, but I believe the internet has gotten better and in the coming days, it will improve further.”

Photo: PPI 

As per Dawn.com, Pasha said the bandwidth shortfall had been addressed. However, the report noted that PTCL technical personnel said that such problems take two to three months to resolve, on which Pasha did not comment.

The report stated that PTCL had said there was no exact time frame for the resolution.

A fault in the Asia-Africa-Europe-1 (AAE-1) submarine cable, reported near Qatar on January 3, triggered widespread slowdowns, particularly affecting platforms like WhatsApp, Facebook, and Instagram.

PTCL teams immediately began working to mitigate the issue, which had slowed down network speeds nationwide. IT Minister Shaza Fatima Khawaja later revealed that 80 percent of the bandwidth shortfall had been recovered by rerouting traffic to alternative cables, with an additional 200 gigabytes per second expected to be rerouted soon.

According to the Pakistan Telecommunications Authority (PTA), WhatsApp’s decision to shift its Content Delivery Network (CDN) abroad caused connectivity challenges for users.

The country faced recurring internet disruptions in the past year. Data from Top10VPN reveals that in 2024, Pakistan experienced 1,861 hours of internet shutdowns—ranking second globally after Myanmar. These shutdowns affected approximately 83 million users and resulted in an estimated economic loss of $351 million. This marks a dramatic 619% increase compared to 2023, when disruptions lasted 259 hours, elevating Pakistan from seventh to second place globally for internet disruptions.

The Pakistan Press Foundation’s Annual Report for 2024 also underscores the alarming state of digital connectivity. The report documents at least 19 instances of disruptions to internet access, social media platforms, and mobile services during the year. These interruptions have significantly impacted digital communication and access to information across the country.

On January 1, the PTA Chairman, Major General (Retd) Hafeezur Rehman, acknowledged insufficient fiber optic infrastructure as a major factor contributing to slow internet speeds. He emphasized that without significant improvements to the network, these challenges are likely to persist, further hindering Pakistan’s digital growth and connectivity.

The decision was made following audit objections to the allowances being paid to PTA officials. Auditors noted that the chairman and members were receiving salaries under Management Pay-I and MP-II scales, along with senior executive grade allowances. As per the audit recommendations, allowances should be in line with those admissible under the management pay scales, creating a divergence in views between the audit and the Law and Justice Division.

The Law and Justice Division had clarified that “salary” and “privileges” should be read separately, limiting allowances to those specified under MP scales. This divergence between audit findings and legal interpretation prompted the PTA to seek clarity through legislative changes.

In a letter dated May 23, 2024, the PTA proposed amending Section 3(7) of the Act, authorizing the prime minister to determine the pay and privileges of the PTA chairman and members. The Cabinet Division suggested amending Section 3(7) to get PTA aligned with other regulatory authorities like Ogra and Nepra.

During the cabinet meeting, it was noted that the PTA’s current remuneration framework was inconsistent with that of other regulatory bodies under the federal government. The Ministry of Law vetted the proposed amendment, which was subsequently approved by the cabinet.

The strike was organized by JUI-F in response to the election results, which saw Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) candidate Mir Ali Madad Jattak winning with 6,883 votes, according to unofficial figures. JUI-F’s Usman Pirkani secured third place with 3,731 votes, while Pashtunkhwa National Awami Party (PkNAP) candidate Nasarullah Zayrai finished second with 4,122 votes.

Pakistan recorded the highest economic losses worldwide due to internet shutdowns in 2024, surpassing nations experiencing civil wars. Akram blamed officials, including the IT minister and chairman of Pakistan Telecommunication Authority, for policies that cost the economy Rs1.3 billion in just one day of internet shutdown. Akram said that instead of scapegoating the internet, Pakistan’s worsening security was due to “misguided priorities and flawed policies.”

The PTI leader said that during his party founder Imran Khan’s tenure, Pakistan experienced “a period of exemplary peace.”

“The power-hungry clique’s ill-advised policy will have far-reaching devastating economic consequences for the country, including the loss of substantial foreign exchange earnings and potential business contracts,” Akram said. He said that despite government initiatives like ‘Uraan Pakistan’ and proposed 5G expansion, Pakistan’s “economic flight would remain a dream.”

He called for uninterrupted, high-speed internet access to support IT exports and revitalize the economy. He said the government was “obsessed with implementing flawed policies that throttle the internet, repeatedly shutting down services with flimsy excuses,” leading to a mass exodus of IT professionals.

The AAE-1 cable, operational since 2017, connects multiple countries including Pakistan, Vietnam, Singapore, India, and France. The cable is capable of handling up to 2.7 terabits per second (Tbps) of data, with 1 Tbps currently impacted by the fault.

On January 2, the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) announced efforts to address the fault in the AAE-1 cable and warned users of potential disruptions.

In response to the disruption, data traffic is being rerouted through alternative cables, including the SEA-ME-WE 4 and IMEWE submarine cables. However, delays in coordinating with international teams have prolonged the issue, delaying the restoration of normal internet speeds. According to PTCL, full service is expected to resume by the evening of January 4.

The incident also underscores ongoing concerns regarding Pakistan’s internet infrastructure and governance. Just a day earlier, on January 1, during a Senate Standing Committee on Information Technology meeting, lawmakers expressed concerns about the legal ambiguities surrounding internet shutdowns.

The PTA clarified that internet restrictions are typically implemented based on government directives, but the legal framework for such actions remains unclear. Additionally, the country’s limited fiber optic infrastructure has been identified as a key factor contributing to recurring connectivity issues. Without significant investments to modernize digital infrastructure, Pakistan is likely to continue facing challenges in providing consistent, high-speed internet services.

During the session, committee member Sharmila Farooqi expressed frustration over the lack of progress in improving digital connectivity. “Are we lying, or is the government doing so? We are not being told about the losses, whereas P@SHA is giving the numbers,” she said. Farooqi also criticized frequent internet shutdowns during political protests, asking, “Are we fools to keep attending these meetings when no solutions are provided?”

Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) Chairman Hafeez-ur-Rehman informed the committee that three of Pakistan’s seven submarine cables were damaged earlier in 2024, significantly disrupting internet services. “I am in wudu (ablution) right now and stand by my previous statement. In August 2024, I mentioned that out of 7 submarine cables, 4 were operational. By October 2024, one cable was repaired after a delay of 5 months. Currently, we are ranked 97th out of 200 countries in mobile service, and we continuously conduct surveys and review the situation.” he stated.

Hafeez-ur-Rehman emphasized the PTA’s earnings and infrastructure spending, noting, “Over the last six years, we have earned 1.7 trillion rupees, but how much of that has been spent on infrastructure?” Addressing allegations of illegal activity, he stated, “If I am doing anything illegal, bring the evidence forward, and I will not come to the office from tomorrow.”

Opposition Leader Omar Ayub accused secret agencies of interfering with internet services, stressing the economic impact of frequent shutdowns. State Minister for IT Shaza Fatima Khawaja linked internet restrictions to growing security threats, citing terrorism as a key concern. “If the internet is shut down, where is the country’s growth supposed to come from?” she asked, referencing Pakistan’s recent $1.5 billion in exports as evidence of internet dependency.

The committee decided to delay further discussions on the bill, with Minister Haq announcing plans to incorporate feedback from stakeholders, including Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) members, before revisiting the matter.

Since January 3, internet services across Pakistan have slowed due to a fault in the AAE-1 submarine cable near Qatar, which disrupted one terabit per second (tbps) of bandwidth. PTCL is rerouting traffic to the SEA-ME-WE 4 and IMEWE cables, though delays exceeding 36 hours have been reported due to slow coordination with international partners. Normal internet speeds were expected to resume by January 4.

During a Senate Standing Committee on Information Technology meeting, key issues surrounding internet governance, VPN regulations, and connectivity challenges were discussed.

Committee Chair Senator Palwasha Khan expressed concerns about the internet speeds and legal ambiguities surrounding shutdowns.

Senators Kamran Murtaza and Humayun Mohmand questioned the legal basis for these shutdowns. ” “Which law permits this? How can you disrupt internet services without legal grounds?” Murtaza asked.

“The government instructs us to impose internet shutdowns. If this is illegal, why has the government been directing us to do so for the past nine years?” Rehman said while clarifying that the PTA doesn’t make such decisions on its own.

The chairman noted that shutdowns have been ongoing since 2016 but have been “deemed unlawful” recently. He said the interior ministry should provide a final legal opinion.

The committee also highlighted the issue of slow internet speeds across Pakistan, which were attributed to insufficient fiber optic infrastructure. The internet speed would remain slow unless significant improvements were made in the digital infrastructure, Rehman added.

On Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), Rehman clarified that no blanket ban had been imposed. “We have taken a stand on the issue of VPN ban (in Pakistan), and I did not allow VPNs to be banned,” he said. The PTA initiated a registration process for VPN service providers on December 19, with two companies already applying for licenses. The PTA has consulted stakeholders, including the Pakistan Software Houses Association (PASHA), to align with international models for VPN registration.

Addressing content moderation, Rehman said the PTA receives approximately 500 complaints daily about harmful or illegal content on social media platforms. “We are in continuous dialogue with social media companies to block harmful content, but there remains a significant gap in enforcement,” he stated. About 80% of flagged content is removed.

Rehman also dismissed widely circulated claims that sharks had damaged submarine cables, clarifying that technical issues, not wildlife, were responsible. Pakistan currently relies on seven submarine cables for internet connectivity, with an additional cable, “2 Africa,” expected to improve internet quality in the coming months.

PTA acknowledged, “This may impact internet and broadband user experience across Pakistan. The concerned teams are working to fix the fault”.  The AAE-1 cable, operational since 2017, connects Vietnam, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Pakistan, India, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Greece, Italy and France.

This is not the first time cable issues have disrupted Pakistan’s internet services. Earlier in 2024, similar faults were blamed for service slowdowns, though some businesses and internet providers had suggested the government’s monitoring of online traffic was a contributing factor. In August, the PTA clarified that these disruptions were due to technical faults in the undersea infrastructure.

Data from Ookla’s Speedtest Global Index for October 2024 shows that the country stands at 141 out of 158 nations for fixed broadband speeds, with a median speed of 15.6 Mbps. Range of 100 out of 111 countrywide mobile data median speed of 20.61 Mbps.

Earlier on January 1, during a Senate Standing Committee on Information Technology meeting, Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) Chairman Major General (Retd) Hafeezur Rehman dismissed widely circulated claims that sharks had damaged submarine cables, clarifying that technical issues, not wildlife, were responsible. Pakistan currently relies on seven submarine cables for internet connectivity, with an additional cable, “2 Africa,” expected to improve internet quality in the coming months.

The Islamabad High Court (IHC) has ruled against Zong in its appeal, ordering the telecom company to refund over Rs2 billion to its customers. The ruling upholds an earlier decision by the Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) that directed Zong to return Rs2.02 billion wrongfully charged for service and maintenance fees between April 26, 2019, and July 12, 2019.

The Supreme Court had taken suo motu notice in May 2018 of public complaints regarding unreasonable deductions on prepaid cards. On June 11, 2018, the court observed that service charges could not be validly and legally imposed on the amounts loaded by users of mobile phone devices. This relief was extended to postpaid consumers on October 16, 2018, leading operators to suspend such charges.

On March 27, 2019, telecom operators informed the Supreme Court that they had ceased imposing service charges and did not plan to reinstate them. However, after the Supreme Court concluded the suo motu case on April 24, 2019, several operators, including Zong, resumed deductions. The PTA responded by directing Zong on August 30, 2019, to refund Rs2,028,038,584 to customers in the form of balance without validity restrictions.

The PTA also requested details of the collected charges, which Zong failed to provide. Instead, the company challenged the directive in the IHC, arguing that the absence of interim orders from the Supreme Court allowed the collection of such charges. The IHC dismissed this contention, ruling the PTA’s directive lawful and binding.

Justice Mian Gul Hassan Aurangzeb dismissed the appeal.

The Pakistan Software Houses Association (P@SHA) reported that each hour of internet downtime costs $1 million.

Cloudflare reported an annual decline in Pakistan’s web traffic throughout most of 2024. During the first 11 months, only 30 days saw positive growth, with a peak rate of 3%, compared to a global average of 17%. Average internet speeds in Pakistan remained at 22 Mbps, far behind the Philippines (97 Mbps), Bangladesh (37 Mbps), and Indonesia (31 Mbps).

The year has been marred with internet disruptions and issues with connectivity (mobile and internet).  At the end of the year, the Pakistan Press Foundation (PPF) documented at least 19 instances of disruption to internet access, social media platforms, and mobile services.

Under the new licensing rules, VPN providers must pay a fee ranging from Rs100,000 to Rs300,000 and establish local data centers. Sources expressed hope that applications will start coming in within the next two to four weeks.

The registration drive follows a series of consultations with industry stakeholders, including the Pakistan Software Houses Association (P@SHA), which formally requested this registration to “streamline operations.”

Although no applications have been received so far, officials expect VPN providers to start registering within the next two to four weeks. Companies are reportedly reviewing the registration process before filing applications.

Senator Afnanullah Khan of the Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) and member of the Senate Standing Committee on Information Technology, confirmed his support for the digital rights bill during a recent interview with a news channel. He emphasized that the PML-N would back the Pakistan Peoples Party’s (PPP) digital rights bill.

Senator Khan highlighted the collaboration between the PTA chairman and the IT minister to enhance internet speeds for users nationwide, stating that improvements are expected soon. He also mentioned that several new legislative measures have been introduced that will “yield fruitful results in the coming months.”

The senator highlighted the government’s focus on providing high-speed internet facilities as part of efforts to improve connectivity and digital infrastructure and increase investment in digital skills.

“Our goal is to create a knowledge-based economy, driven by innovation and entrepreneurship, which will ultimately spur economic growth,” Senator Khan said.

Khan outlined the government’s commitment to creating a knowledge-based economy through innovation and entrepreneurship, which he believes will spur economic growth. He discussed initiatives, including the expansion of National Incubation Centres and support for promising start-ups as part of these efforts.

In addressing challenges to digital transformation in Pakistan, Senator Khan assured that these are being actively managed and will be resolved soon.

The report recorded an Average Revenue Per User (ARPU) of Rs 302 per month for the April-June 2024 quarter.

The report said the total number of telecom subscribers reached 196 million, including 193.4 million mobile subscribers. Broadband users rose to 142.3 million, with 138.7 million subscribing to mobile broadband services and 3.6 million relying on fixed broadband connections. Fixed-line subscribers totaled 2.6 million. The PTA attributed the 91% increase in broadband usage over the last five years to expanded coverage and infrastructure upgrades.

The PTA stated that cellular mobile services now reach 91 per cent of the population. The report highlighted that 3G/4G services reach 81% of the population, while 95.5% of the 55,777 operational cell sites as of June support 4G. During the fiscal year, investments in the telecom sector totaled $765 million, with contributions to the national exchequer amounting to Rs 335 billion through taxes, duties, and regulatory payments.

The report also highlighted challenges in rolling out 5G services, particularly in rural and remote areas, citing high deployment costs and logistical hurdles. Limited availability of 5G-compatible handsets remains another challenge.

The authority finalized the  draft “Telecom Equipment Standards Regulations 2024.” The draft, vetted by the law ministry, awaits approval from the Economic Coordination Committee of the Cabinet.

Under the Prevention of Electronic Crimes Act, the PTA processed 1.43 million URLs linked to unlawful content. Consumer complaints related to telecom services totaled 191,514, of which 99.3% were resolved. The PTA also blocked or recycled 5.8 million inactive SIMs.

However, the telecom sector witnessed a 20 per cent decline in Foreign Direct Investment which was $46 million in this fiscal year compared to $58 million in the last fiscal year.

The authority did not stop at just mobile numbers; it also took action against 4,507 IMEIs and 113 computer national identity cards (CNICs) associated with various scams, showcasing their comprehensive approach to curbing telecom fraud.

This aggressive action comes in the wake of 27,351 complaints regarding stolen mobile phones reported to the PTA over the last year, highlighting a rampant issue in mobile security. Alongside addressing these complaints, the PTA has also processed 1,818 requests to unblock devices.

In a related development, the PTA has resumed the issuance of class licenses for data services across Pakistan. A recent statement clarified that VPN service providers must now obtain a class license to operate.

Photo Source: PTA

The research indicates that large enterprises reported a median security budget of $5.7 million out of a total IT expenditure of $41.8 million. Meanwhile, small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) allocated $0.2 million for IT security from an overall budget of $1.6 million.

This increase in budget allocation is a response to the escalating financial losses associated with cyber incidents globally. Kaspersky’s annual survey spanned 27 countries, encompassing regions like Europe, the Middle East, Turkiye, Africa, Latin and North America, and the Asia-Pacific.

The report further details that large enterprises have encountered an average of 12 cyber incidents this year, with recovery costs amounting to $6.2 million, which is 1.1 times higher than their dedicated IT security budgets. In contrast, SMBs faced around 16 incidents, with recovery expenses reaching $0.3 million, representing 1.5 times their security budget. In Pakistan, companies reported an average of 11 incidents over the last year.

Veniamin Levtsov, Vice President of Kaspersky’s Centre of Corporate Business Expertise, attributes the increased budget allocations to the escalating complexity of cyber threats, the advent of new regulatory measures, and growing salary demands within the cybersecurity sector.

Kaspersky has recommended that companies adopt its comprehensive IT security solutions, like the Kaspersky Next product line, and consider utilizing managed security services for those lacking in-house expertise. The firm also emphasizes the importance of employee training to enhance cybersecurity awareness and preparedness.

Speaking at the National Broadband Network Forum in Islamabad, the minister emphasized that the implementation of the National Fiberisation Policy and the introduction upcoming launch of 5G technology would significantly enhance internet connectivity nationwide. She confirmed that the auction for the 5G spectrum is scheduled for April 2025, alongside efforts underway to bolster the existing 4G infrastructure.

“The internet speed in Pakistan is low, but with fiberisation and the introduction of 5G, the situation will improve significantly,” the IT minister said.

Fatima also announced the formation of the National Digital Commission which will provide five-year roadmap for digital development in Pakistan. She expressed confidence in bipartisan support for the passage of the Digital Pakistan Bill, which will be tabled in the National Assembly.

Highlighting Pakistan’s cybersecurity challenges, Fatima stated that the country faces daily cyberattacks, underscoring the government’s focus on cybersecurity and data protection.

Fatima’s remarks come amid growing concerns over Pakistan’s poor global ranking in internet speed. According to Ookla’s Speedtest Global Index, the country ranks 100th out of 111 for mobile internet speeds and 141st out of 158 for broadband in October. Pakistan was ranked in the bottom 12% globally for mobile and broadband internet speeds.

Persistent issues, such as difficulty downloading media and interruptions to connectivity, have been frequently reported in the country.

Photo Source: Pakistan Press International (PPI)