tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6238414502269105042024-03-13T19:10:27.594-07:00Science Corner - KV Kanjikodekvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.comBlogger83125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-52077014718412862132021-01-27T05:51:00.002-08:002021-01-27T05:51:01.585-08:00What is a rain forest?<p> Rain forests are very dense, relatively warm, wet forests. They are havens for millions of plants and animals. A forest that receives more than 2.5 meters (8 feet) of rain each year is called a rain forest.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-uNitwAd8lzA/YAg1tJC9kRI/AAAAAAAAAh4/tgJSh8Mk58MF9-HbxDlrO8LdbgZR-wXHQCLcBGAsYHQ/s289/rain%2Bforest.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="174" data-original-width="289" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-uNitwAd8lzA/YAg1tJC9kRI/AAAAAAAAAh4/tgJSh8Mk58MF9-HbxDlrO8LdbgZR-wXHQCLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/rain%2Bforest.jpg" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-18243994382732432312021-01-26T05:48:00.001-08:002021-01-26T05:48:00.498-08:00On a given day of the year, where will your shadow at 12 noon be smaller - in Srinagar or Colombo? Why?<p> The smaller shadow will be in Colombo since it is closer to the equator than Kashmir. The shadow will be the smallest at or close to the equator.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oBAjIE3J6Fg/YAg1PU-uA6I/AAAAAAAAAho/mQHmSybr3lYp3yGavuDHgFuHI0NF5LwcwCLcBGAsYHQ/s505/equator.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="240" data-original-width="505" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-oBAjIE3J6Fg/YAg1PU-uA6I/AAAAAAAAAho/mQHmSybr3lYp3yGavuDHgFuHI0NF5LwcwCLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/equator.png" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-4410645252174009202021-01-25T05:46:00.000-08:002021-01-25T05:46:00.526-08:00Why can’t we see planet Venus overhead?<p> Since its orbit is inside Earth’s orbit, the angle between the Sun and Venus is always less than 90°. So, if Venus is overhead, the Sun must be above the horizon as well, meaning this always happens during the day, thus making Venus invisible.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-_l9rqBE9w1w/YAg0qjDsAkI/AAAAAAAAAhg/iO9nc7US7fYnew8tcN7jUbeNuonxGsafwCLcBGAsYHQ/s400/solar%2Bsystem.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="279" data-original-width="400" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-_l9rqBE9w1w/YAg0qjDsAkI/AAAAAAAAAhg/iO9nc7US7fYnew8tcN7jUbeNuonxGsafwCLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/solar%2Bsystem.jpg" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-19208080781654872932021-01-24T05:45:00.001-08:002021-01-24T05:45:01.173-08:00A lunar eclipse happens on a full moon day, when the Earth comes between the Sun and Moon. Why doesn’t it happen on all full moon days?<p>The plane of the Moon’s orbit around the Earth is at an angle with respect to the plane of the Earth’s orbit around the Sun. So the eclipse can only happen if the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon where the planes of the two orbits intersect.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ijFsT7yJiNQ/YAg0DODcQNI/AAAAAAAAAhM/7KdDWyT3lPsLKNcNnAAkMcxPFxJZkbmuACLcBGAsYHQ/s328/eclipse.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="154" data-original-width="328" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ijFsT7yJiNQ/YAg0DODcQNI/AAAAAAAAAhM/7KdDWyT3lPsLKNcNnAAkMcxPFxJZkbmuACLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/eclipse.png" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-52131091295529298832021-01-23T05:43:00.001-08:002021-01-23T05:43:01.212-08:00What is a sundial? Where is the largest sundial in the world?<p style="text-align: justify;"> A sundial is basically a simple clock, where a stick is fixed on a flat surface. The surface is marked such that the shadow of the stick shows the time. The world’s largest Sundial is in Jaipur and is called the Samrat Yantra, or “Supreme Instrument”. The Samrat Yantra is an 89-foot-high and 148-foot wide-sundial. When the sun moves across the sky, it casts a shadow on the finely calibrated arms extending on either side of this sundial. It measures local time, zenith distances, meridian pass times, and the declination of the stars.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-8PsKMR3R9tc/YAgzuvp485I/AAAAAAAAAhE/_TWkO5Py178NspyXfGkXOE3L6ZIUarBMgCLcBGAsYHQ/s300/sun%2Bdial.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-8PsKMR3R9tc/YAgzuvp485I/AAAAAAAAAhE/_TWkO5Py178NspyXfGkXOE3L6ZIUarBMgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/sun%2Bdial.png" /></a></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-39744787489202891532021-01-22T05:42:00.001-08:002021-01-22T05:42:04.882-08:00What is the role played by the ozone layer in the atmosphere? Why is the ozone layer depleting?<p> The ozone layer essentially allows life to exist, by screens all living beings on Earth from the harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays emitted by the sun.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Nwx_Ja2-sA4/YAgzcehoH9I/AAAAAAAAAg8/U9ubYqt_70YHi5i7pGcQnAUDhXxKQKqkACLcBGAsYHQ/s330/ozone%2Bdepletion.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="233" data-original-width="330" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Nwx_Ja2-sA4/YAgzcehoH9I/AAAAAAAAAg8/U9ubYqt_70YHi5i7pGcQnAUDhXxKQKqkACLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/ozone%2Bdepletion.png" /></a></div><p>The ozone layer can be depleted by free radical catalysts, including nitric oxide (NO), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydroxyl (OH), atomic chlorine (Cl), and atomic bromine (Br). While there are natural sources for all of the species, the concentrations of chlorine and bromine increased markedly in recent decades because of the release of large quantities of man-made organo-halogen compounds, especially chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and bromofluorocarbons. These highly stable compounds are capable of surviving the rise to the stratosphere, where Chlorine and Bromine radicals are liberated by the action of ultraviolet light. Each radical is then free to initiate and catalyse a chain reaction capable of breaking down over 100,000 ozone molecules.</p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-59108105695874141422021-01-21T05:40:00.001-08:002021-01-21T05:40:00.133-08:00What is the ozone layer?<p style="text-align: justify;"> The ozone layer is a portion of the earth’s atmosphere that contains high levels of ozone.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-5kCgdgzUsDw/YAgzH2ZehFI/AAAAAAAAAg0/tHSoYK6O24MeJYypcTlMyibbOquz4cnZgCLcBGAsYHQ/s512/ozone%2Blayer.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="512" data-original-width="512" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-5kCgdgzUsDw/YAgzH2ZehFI/AAAAAAAAAg0/tHSoYK6O24MeJYypcTlMyibbOquz4cnZgCLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/ozone%2Blayer.png" /></a></div><p style="text-align: justify;">The atmosphere is divided into five layers: the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, the thermosphere, and the exosphere. The troposphere is the layer closest to earth and is where all weather happenings occur. The stratosphere is located directly above the troposphere, about 10- 50 kilometres above the planet, and the ozone layer at an altitude of 20-30 kilometres. The mesosphere is located approximately 50-80 kilometres above the earth, while the thermosphere rests at an altitude of approximately 100-200 kilometres. Finally, the boundary of the outermost layer, the exosphere, extends roughly to 960-1000 kilometres above the earth. For a visual of the lowermost three layers of our atmosphere, refer to the figure below.</p><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-83363299698169368332021-01-20T05:40:00.000-08:002021-01-20T05:40:14.917-08:00Cellulose is a common part of fibres such as coir and jute. But starch is not, why?<p> Starch and cellulose are two very similar polymers. In fact, they are both made from the same monomer, glucose, and have the same glucose-based repeat units.</p><p>There is only one difference; in starch, all the repeat units are oriented in the same direction, so a starch molecule looks like a ‘uuuuuuuuuuuuuuu’. It is thus easier to break the link between two glucose units in starch.</p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MaFl6WSNJgU/YAgyRcCJ0VI/AAAAAAAAAgg/EDd7mJL1CR8LJnADCQhMNV2iKdy5zRu3ACLcBGAsYHQ/s850/starch.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="230" data-original-width="850" height="173" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MaFl6WSNJgU/YAgyRcCJ0VI/AAAAAAAAAgg/EDd7mJL1CR8LJnADCQhMNV2iKdy5zRu3ACLcBGAsYHQ/w640-h173/starch.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><i>Starch</i></b></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><div>Cellulose polymer looks like a ‘ununununununununun’, with each successive glucose unit rotated 180 degrees around the axis of the polymer backbone chain, relative to the last repeat unit.</div></div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-S4tc5PURKbs/YAgyS-3Ug2I/AAAAAAAAAgk/kHZAUssxwSwNDWML9KCD9JMKX8pu5FngACLcBGAsYHQ/s647/cellulose.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="250" data-original-width="647" height="248" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-S4tc5PURKbs/YAgyS-3Ug2I/AAAAAAAAAgk/kHZAUssxwSwNDWML9KCD9JMKX8pu5FngACLcBGAsYHQ/w640-h248/cellulose.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><br />Cellulose</b></td></tr></tbody></table><div><br /></div><div>This seemingly small change creates a big difference! The most important one is the way the two polymers behave: We can eat and digest starch but not cellulose. Our body contains enzymes that will break starch down into glucose which is then converted to energy. But we don’t have enzymes that can break down cellulose. Some animals, however, do have such enzymes, such as termites, who eat wood, or cattle, who eat grass and break down the grass cellulose in their four-chambered stomachs. Cellulose, which is strong enough to make fibres from, and hence rope, clothing, is alot stronger than starch, which is practically useless as a material.</div><div>Cellulose doesn’t dissolve in water the way starch will, and doesn’t break down as easily. Breaking down or dissolving in water just would be a little too inconvenient for something we use to make clothes.</div><div><br /></div>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-9891650808946117572021-01-12T07:59:00.003-08:002021-01-20T05:36:45.541-08:00How do astronauts manage to stay in space during a spacewalk? What happens if they go away from their spaceship?<p style="text-align: justify;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-P7ck8mRckNo/X_3HT0LShSI/AAAAAAAAAe8/Y-O3IsGfnYI-OvzySL-_z39w8axHGOarwCLcBGAsYHQ/s433/space%2Bwalk.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="260" data-original-width="433" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-P7ck8mRckNo/X_3HT0LShSI/AAAAAAAAAe8/Y-O3IsGfnYI-OvzySL-_z39w8axHGOarwCLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/space%2Bwalk.png" /></a></div><br /> <p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Astronauts go on spacewalks for many reasons, whether to repair satellites or spacecraft in space. By going on spacewalks, astronauts can fix things like solar panels instead of bringing them back to Earth to fix and also do science experiments. Experiments can be placed outside a spacecraft, letting scientists learn how being in space affects different things.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">When astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe. Inside spacesuits, astronauts have the oxygen they need to breathe and the water they need to drink.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The safety tethers attached to the ship keep astronauts from floating away into space. Astronauts also use jetpacks, which are essentially small jet thrusters to get them back to their craft quickly in case of an emergency. If an astronaut were to become untethered and float away, SAFER (Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue, the acronym used for these jetpacks) would help him or her fly back to the spacecraft. Astronauts control SAFER with a small joystick, like a video game controller.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">In a spacewalk, also known as Extra-Vehicular Activity (EVA), an astronaut literally walks in space, exiting the relative safety of their spacecraft in order to perform exterior repairs on things like solar panels. They are dangerous, physically demanding, and rare too.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: 13px; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><b>Question by:</b></span></span></span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: 13px; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Abhiram K</span></span></span></p><p style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; line-height: 13px; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #222222;"><span face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">X ‘A’</span></span></span></p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-66413027867074274072021-01-03T03:41:00.003-08:002021-01-03T03:41:37.261-08:00Why do all the soaps with different colours produce the same colour of foam?<p> Soap foam is a collection of bubbles, which are simply air trapped in a very thin film of soap.</p><p>You can take any colourful soap and make bubble or foam out of it. Due to the very thin film, we cannot see the colour in the bubble. We can imagine this phenomenon with a balloon. When we blow a balloon to its maximum size it looks lighter in colour. Due to the stretching of rubber in balloons, the colour is seen lighter.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zAjZvzCbkp8/X_GtVs6rxFI/AAAAAAAAAec/9oNtDj5WLhANlSz_xILfDybHhA0Y69lZACLcBGAsYHQ/s590/bubbles.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="590" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zAjZvzCbkp8/X_GtVs6rxFI/AAAAAAAAAec/9oNtDj5WLhANlSz_xILfDybHhA0Y69lZACLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/bubbles.jpg" /></a></div><br /><p>Question by : Aman Rahman, III A</p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-61652351370620656422021-01-03T03:36:00.006-08:002021-01-03T03:40:19.279-08:00Who gave the stars and constellations their names?<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2c684WYsC-8/X_GtFm3AyEI/AAAAAAAAAeU/VTidAq2q2dA1KtaiYhblvDM0eVp1kiKcgCLcBGAsYHQ/s500/constellations.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="500" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2c684WYsC-8/X_GtFm3AyEI/AAAAAAAAAeU/VTidAq2q2dA1KtaiYhblvDM0eVp1kiKcgCLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/constellations.jpg" /></a></div><br /> Most of the constellations we know have etymological connections to Middle Eastern, Greek and Roman cultures. They identified clusters of stars as gods, goddesses, animals, parts of instruments and objects in their stories. For example Orion’s belt, the Great Bear or Saptarshi (Ursa Major), the Crane (Grus), Telescopium, reticulum etc. are connected with some or other stories in the mythology.<p></p><p>Today, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) is in charge of naming celestial bodies. It is about a century old and approximately 10,000 scientists work for it. The stars are named by their coordinates on the celestial sphere, which is an imaginary sphere surrounding Earth. For example, the star Vega is recognised as "BD+38°3238” — the 3238th star in the band between 38° and 39° north.</p><p>Do you know the etymology of the name of planet Earth? It comes from the Anglo Saxon word erda, which means ground or soil</p><p>Question by Aman Rahman, III A</p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-16321839573887661552020-12-28T22:57:00.001-08:002020-12-28T22:57:02.560-08:00Which is the smallest plant with root, stem and leaf ? <p> Watermeal (Wolffia sp.) holds the unique position as the world's smallest flowering plant.</p><p>Watermeal is a member of the duckweed family and is approximately 1/42 inches long and 1/85 inches wide. It is as small as a broken rice or mustard grain. This plant is an aggressive invader of ponds and can also be dangerous for aquatic plants and fish in the pond.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ePAPiepvMGI/X-nv4miL91I/AAAAAAAAAd8/HnKdQcWpmIMF6JNLafMRrfpNU3bJKEk-wCLcBGAsYHQ/s577/watermeal.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="316" data-original-width="577" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ePAPiepvMGI/X-nv4miL91I/AAAAAAAAAd8/HnKdQcWpmIMF6JNLafMRrfpNU3bJKEk-wCLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/watermeal.jpg" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-66346660481152359622020-12-28T06:45:00.004-08:002020-12-28T06:45:31.263-08:00What are microscopic animals in the ocean/water called?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ezJRRFRuNxg/X-nvbbjxz7I/AAAAAAAAAd0/7DsJx357YEQ3qQf9vqs12VZWQk2VQXR7ACLcBGAsYHQ/s1024/plankton.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="512" data-original-width="1024" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ezJRRFRuNxg/X-nvbbjxz7I/AAAAAAAAAd0/7DsJx357YEQ3qQf9vqs12VZWQk2VQXR7ACLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/plankton.jpg" /></a></div><p> In an aqueous environment, microscopic animals and plants are collectively known as plankton.</p><p>Plankton which can do photosynthesis are called phytoplankton, examples of which include diatoms, dinoflagellates, algae etc.,</p><p>Plankton which feed on phytoplankton are called zooplankton, examples of which include protozoans and larvae of animals.</p><p>'Protists' is the general term for single-celled organisms, including phytoplankton and protozoa.</p><p><br /></p><p>Question by: Anunandha K M, VIII C</p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-64426870904162713972020-12-26T22:49:00.002-08:002020-12-26T22:49:28.352-08:00What is the reason that the lining of the small Intestine is so extensively folded?<p> This is to increase the surface area of the intestine for absorption of the nutrients in the food. The lining of the small intestinal mucosa is very highly specialized for maximizing the digestion and absorption of nutrients. The lining is highly folded to form microscopic finger-like projections called villi which increase the surface area of the intestine to help with the absorption of nutrients</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-K4jQ6TAsaNo/X-guOjS8QsI/AAAAAAAAAdg/NJzsv6JsNO4ujrEQMNVYB1cnUBwkNfWywCLcBGAsYHQ/s500/intestine.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="309" data-original-width="500" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-K4jQ6TAsaNo/X-guOjS8QsI/AAAAAAAAAdg/NJzsv6JsNO4ujrEQMNVYB1cnUBwkNfWywCLcBGAsYHQ/s320/intestine.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Question by : Anunandha K M, VIII C</div><br /><p><br /></p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-35374630793407660962020-12-26T22:45:00.002-08:002020-12-26T22:45:53.527-08:00What do the atomic numbers found on the periodic table of the elements indicate?<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ByZGYTFhWjU/X-gtis1VFqI/AAAAAAAAAdY/68fn8QKtLlQipbKyFtx1nuLDHtQgK5tDgCLcBGAsYHQ/s1028/periodic%2Btable.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="579" data-original-width="1028" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ByZGYTFhWjU/X-gtis1VFqI/AAAAAAAAAdY/68fn8QKtLlQipbKyFtx1nuLDHtQgK5tDgCLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/periodic%2Btable.png" /></a></div><br /> The atomic number of an element suggests the number of protons in the nucleus of that element. You know the number of protons in an atom is equal to the number of electrons in that atom. So we can, with this number, predict the electronic configuration of the atom.<p></p><p>Let's take the example of sodium, which has an atomic number of 11.</p><p>With this information, we know that in sodium, the number of electrons and protons are both 11. The distribution of electrons will thus be in the three innermost shells (K, L M) in a 2-8-1 configuration. This configuration gives us information on the position of sodium in the periodic table as period 3 and group 1. Period 3 because the electronic configuration is possible with three shells (K, L and M) and group 1 because the outermost shell has 1 electron. This is also called a valence electron, it indicates the valency of an atom.</p><p><br /></p><p>Question asked by: Anunandha K M, VIII C</p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-77956713895004817152020-12-26T22:39:00.002-08:002020-12-26T22:39:44.243-08:00What happens if there is no friction?<p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://clipart-library.com/data_images/363331.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="525" src="http://clipart-library.com/data_images/363331.jpg" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">http://clipart-library.com/</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /> Short answer: You can slip, slide and fall.</p><p>Detailed answer: Friction is a resisting force that exists between any two surfaces in the direction opposite to the direction of motion.</p><p>It's a lot easier to walk on concrete than it is to walk on ice, right? That's because ice has much less friction than concrete. In other words, ice is much smoother than concrete, so it has less resistance, causing your feet to slide. If there is no friction then most common tasks such as walking on the road, supporting a ladder with a wall, writing on a board or paper, sliding a table, lighting a match etc. would become difficult.</p><p>Therefore, friction is one of the important forces that are needed for a smooth life</p><p><br /></p><p>Question by : V Vignesh, VIII C</p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-16209634989058495892020-12-17T08:45:00.002-08:002020-12-17T08:45:00.466-08:00Why does a cycle or two wheeler gain greater stability while moving?<img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="380" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VPK9TnCvz9k/X9eXhaxzreI/AAAAAAAAAc8/G-_DD33uN6MJXar0FL0scjVrpJRA8_J4QCLcBGAsYHQ/s320/cycle.jpg" width="320" style="float: left; margin-right: 10px;"/>There are two factors that help stability to a moving bike.<p></p><p>1. its rotating wheels create angular momentum and</p><p>2. when you are sitting on a bike, you, the bike and its wheels make up a system that obeys the principle of conservation of angular momentum. Once the wheels are moving in one direction, it will remain moving in same direction unless external force is applied.</p><p>(Extra fact: Angular momentum = mass*angular velocity*radius of the wheel, and its direction is perpendicular to the direction of motion of the system)</p><p>If you want to make a bike fall over, you need to rotate the direction of it’s angular momentum by 90°, making it point straight up or down. However, due to the law of conservation of momentum, you need an external force to be applied to do this.</p><p>If the bike in question is static, its angular momentum will be 0, thus requiring almost no force to topple it. However, as its velocity and thus angular momentum increases, increasing amounts of force are required, making the bike more stable.</p><div><b>Question by:</b> Joshua Alias, IX D</div>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-29909724044811554582020-12-16T08:43:00.001-08:002020-12-16T08:43:01.983-08:00Is there any substance which changes its state from liquid to solid when we heat it?<p>When you heat a solid, you expect it to melt and when you boil water, you can be pretty certain that it will turn into vapour. But what about a liquid that becomes solid when it's heated? Of course, it has already been done, for example in the chemical process of polymerization.</p><p>A slurry of any powder of grains like wheat, rice or maize changes into a solid mass on heating. Here, the change is chemical and irreversible, meaning you cannot get the slurry back on cooling the solid.</p><p>In recent years, a team of French physicists has discovered that a solution of compounds, namely α-cyclodextrine (αCD), water and 4-methylpyridine (4MP), when heated between 45° and 75°C, solidifies. But the process is fully reversible and on decreasing the temperature, this solid melts and reverts to a liquid.</p><p>Studies have revealed that the solid phase is a “sol-gel” system in which the water sticking to the αCD and 4MP leads to a liquid phase at lower temperatures. At higher temperatures, however, the water molecules leave the αCD, which results in the solution solidifying.</p><div><b>Question by:</b> Sreerag V, IX C</div>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-45886616316095606572020-12-16T07:11:00.000-08:002020-12-16T07:11:00.882-08:00What is the salt, which when present in excess in drinking water can cause discolouration of teeth?<p> Excessive ingestion of fluorides during early childhood may damage tooth-forming cells, leading to a defect in the enamel known as dental fluorosis. Teeth impacted by fluorosis have visible discolouration, ranging from white spots to brown and black stains.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-awK9vyo9GjU/X8ujTQi7yRI/AAAAAAAAAbg/6taxOBjcakcjD8kJOHk6mW7HB6L-MULbgCLcBGAsYHQ/s700/dental.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="441" data-original-width="700" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-awK9vyo9GjU/X8ujTQi7yRI/AAAAAAAAAbg/6taxOBjcakcjD8kJOHk6mW7HB6L-MULbgCLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/dental.png" /></a></div><br /><p>They also show increased porosity of the enamel. In the milder forms, the porosity is mostly limited to the sub-surface enamel, whereas in the more advanced forms the porosity also impacts the surface enamel, resulting in extensive pitting, chipping, fracturing and decay of the teeth.</p><p><br /></p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-7345322597266755122020-12-15T08:38:00.001-08:002020-12-15T08:38:00.859-08:00How do we hear the sound of the sea in a seashell?<img border="0" data-original-height="201" data-original-width="323" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-O9tEYq0zPDk/X9eV2u33pcI/AAAAAAAAAcw/M-8Ctzw07-kf1Nk6AjKe4bYZH-DW7WpcwCLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/sea%2Bshell.png" style="float: left; margin-right: 5px;" />When you hold a seashell up to your ear, you hear the quiet roar of waves crashing on a distant beach. This is because any air that makes its way into the shell's cavity gets bounced around by its hard, curved inner surfaces, in a process known as reverberation. The processes of reverberation and (acoustic) amplification within the cavity of the shell produce this sound we hear and attribute many legends to.<p></p><p> Putting it simply, the resonating air inside the shell produces the sound.</p><div><b>Question by:</b> Aadithyarajan B</div>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-49723868564791636802020-12-15T07:09:00.001-08:002020-12-15T07:09:02.927-08:00Why do we need space (pressure) suits to go to space?<p> A spacesuit is a pressurized (filled with air pressure) garment worn by astronauts during spaceflights. It is designed to protect them from the potentially dangerous conditions they may experience in space.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-XsvvxHF_MIE/X8ui8pVAAjI/AAAAAAAAAbY/21pSbbhptVACXqLXiAV9J37PgboG1X1uACLcBGAsYHQ/s299/spacesuite.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="299" height="360" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-XsvvxHF_MIE/X8ui8pVAAjI/AAAAAAAAAbY/21pSbbhptVACXqLXiAV9J37PgboG1X1uACLcBGAsYHQ/w640-h360/spacesuite.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><p>It provides the necessities for life support, such as oxygen, temperature controls, a pressurized enclosure, CO2 removal, and protection from sunlight, solar radiation, and micro-meteoroids.</p><p>At 63,000 feet AMSL (21 km), water boils at 99°F or 37°C, basically the temperature inside our bodies, which is why if you were to go that high, you'd need a spacesuit to keep your blood from boiling.</p><p><br /></p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-26586740464910212832020-12-14T08:35:00.000-08:002020-12-14T08:35:03.035-08:00What happens to rocket exhaust in space?<img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="250" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AdAVgK9rppc/X9eTbIcNscI/AAAAAAAAAcc/WhEzsxGevFkF7XTlebEhk9cWz-PE06u1QCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/rocket.png" style="float: left; margin-right: 5px;" />Any gas introduced into a vacuum will be at a higher pressure than that vacuum. Gas expands until its outward pressure is in equilibrium with the inward pressure exerted on it by its surroundings, so the rocket’s exhaust gases will rapidly dissipate until there's no noticeable trace left.<p></p><p><b>Question by</b>: Hans Sunil Kumar, Class IX</p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-28552640764485184322020-12-14T07:08:00.000-08:002020-12-14T07:08:00.845-08:00Can you boil pure water at room temperature?<p> A liquid at high pressure has a higher boiling point than when that liquid is at atmospheric pressure. For example, water boils at 100 °C (212 °F) at sea level, but at 93.4 °C (200.1 °F) at 1,905 metres (6,250 ft) altitude. At 63,000 feet of elevation (21 km), water boils at 99°F or 37°C, a.k.a room temperature. For a given pressure, different liquids will boil at different temperatures.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DLPYOPWaiGU/X8uinoiy0cI/AAAAAAAAAbQ/af-OEnm7Zo8YdKnqameO6pwqtQpCEeMcACLcBGAsYHQ/s237/water%2Bboling.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="213" data-original-width="237" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DLPYOPWaiGU/X8uinoiy0cI/AAAAAAAAAbQ/af-OEnm7Zo8YdKnqameO6pwqtQpCEeMcACLcBGAsYHQ/s0/water%2Bboling.png" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-38978985647366057332020-12-13T07:06:00.000-08:002020-12-13T07:06:00.538-08:00What will happen if you soak a raw egg in vinegar for 24 hours?<p> The shell of a chicken egg is made up of calcium carbonate. When an egg is soaked in vinegar for a long time, it starts reacting with the vinegar (which is the common name for acetic acid). The reaction can be described as follows:</p><div><p class="Standard"><span lang="EN-GB">CH <sub>3</sub> COOH + CaCO <sub>3</sub> →
(CH <sub>3</sub> COO) <sub>2</sub> Ca + CO <sub>2</sub> +H<sub> 2</sub> O<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="Standard"><span lang="EN-GB">Thus, there is a release of carbon dioxide
from the surface of the </span>egg, which makes the shell soft and spongy.
The shell thus feels rubbery.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jat0Hn8wvjQ/X8uiUINAitI/AAAAAAAAAbE/xVnLfPmR-7oFJANFB8fO0uFlOv0ulJzNgCLcBGAsYHQ/s276/egg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="276" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-jat0Hn8wvjQ/X8uiUINAitI/AAAAAAAAAbE/xVnLfPmR-7oFJANFB8fO0uFlOv0ulJzNgCLcBGAsYHQ/s0/egg.jpg" /></a></div><br /><p class="Standard"><br /></p><br /></div>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-623841450226910504.post-74229803862453344862020-12-12T07:04:00.000-08:002020-12-12T07:04:00.279-08:00Why is pure iron not suitable as an engineering material?<p> Pure iron is not suitable as an engineering material because it lacks sufficient strength and also rusts quickly. The strength of iron can be increased by adding carbon and other metals, creating steel, which is, for these reasons, preferred over pure iron as an engineering material.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UF5Pt8H6qBM/X8uhyQ2OWGI/AAAAAAAAAa0/623KGsduwrwWLsG_HEWJYpjU9k1mGGp9QCLcBGAsYHQ/s545/iron.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="223" data-original-width="545" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UF5Pt8H6qBM/X8uhyQ2OWGI/AAAAAAAAAa0/623KGsduwrwWLsG_HEWJYpjU9k1mGGp9QCLcBGAsYHQ/s16000/iron.jpg" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p>kvkanjikodelibraryhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03032135210435843134noreply@blogger.com0