Lisa, of BLACKPINK fame, recently released Rockstar, a J-hip-hop track produced and written by people from multiple nations. This raises the question: Is BLACKPINK Lisa’s ‘Rockstar’ K-pop or T-pop? (from The Korea Times by Dong Sun-hwa). Logically and ethically, the answer is simple: It is Thai-pop (T-pop).

Understanding the X-pop Labels

In my article, What is the difference between P-pop and OPM?, I defined P-pop as:

This definition can be applied to other X-pop labels, such as J-pop, K-pop, M-pop, and T-pop. Therefore,

and

By this standard, Lisa’s Rockstar is undeniably T-pop (Thai-pop).

Addressing the comments

No one can argue that Lisa is a K-pop idol.

Lee Gyutag, a professor of cultural studies at George Mason University Korea, believes Rockstar is not T-pop because Lisa is predominantly recognized as a K-pop singer on the global stage. However, I disagree. Lisa’s work should not be disqualified as T-pop simply because she is recognized as a K-pop singer.

Again, I respectfully disagree with the esteemed professor. K-pop itself, or more accurately, the idol industry of K-pop, originated from the idol industry of J-pop. If we follow this logic, we could argue that the K-pop industry is simply an extension of J-pop.

In addition, Lisa has not announced she would give up her K-pop identity, but that doesn’t mean her new song isn’t T-pop. Expecting artists to announce their transition between industries is unreasonable. Moreover, promotional methods do not define the genre. Using Lee Sooman’s method does not define an artist as automatically K-pop [only].

This is subjective. What is Thai music? What defines a Thai music? Who should define what is Thai music and what Thai musical elements are?

Hip-hop is not exclusive to K-pop. Thai hip-hop has existed since 1985, predating the K-pop idol formula and industry. Meanwhile, the Philippines is well-established as the first (1980) hip-hop music scene in Asia, ¹ a decade before hip-hop entered the K-pop scene, and two decades before the K-pop idol industry was born.

Language should also not be used to determine a song’s identity. There were and will be K-pop songs predominantly written in English, yet they remain K-pop. Similarly, there are countless of Filipino music written in English yet are still officially considered OPM (Original Pilipino Music).

Categorizing SB19 as K-pop despite their Filipino lyrics only proves that language isn’t a definitive factor. What about Bini? Is Bini K-pop or P-pop?

I totally agree.

Absolutely.

Conclusion

Here’s what we learned:

1. People naturally identify with their origins first.
2. It is unusual for artists to announce their transition between industries.
3. The language of a song does not determine its category.
4. Music genres are not exclusive to one country.
5. Music is a universal language. It transcends labels like K-pop, Thai-Pop, J-pop, M-pop, P-pop.

Here are the key takeaways:

Lisa’s Rockstar is undeniably Thai-pop (T-pop).

• Note: T-pop can mean Taiwanese-pop or Thai-pop; just as M-pop can mean Malaysian-pop or Mandarin-pop (Mando-pop).

Have you recently finished watching Disney Plus’s Grid (그리드)? Confused? Worry not! In this article, I answered as many questions as I know the answers to and explained the reasons behind it.

Just remember, Grid (그리드) is a soft sci-fi show. A soft science fiction concerns itself on soft or social sciences (psychology, sociology), which means, there should be no expectations on any explanation of the show’s hard sciences. This is where this article comes in, as fans of the show, we will explain those which were not touched on the story.

Guidelines

Before we begin we need to be on the same page on how to approach the questions and how to find the answers.

1. Approach from an in-universe perspective. We need to think as someone who lives in the world of the characters. We need to unlock what was in the author’s mind.

2. Remember these two important rules in creative writing / fiction:

   • Show, don’t tell. If the storytelling style is to tell then we are reading a scientific paper or watching a documentary. We need to watch to find the answers.

   • If a scene will not move the story forward, delete it. An experienced writer makes sure every scene is important to the story. This means that we can not assume that some scenes were insignificant. All scenes are important and a potential clue.

3. Everything shown is canon. We can not dismiss something shown as false. If an information was included in the show then it is official.

4. The story is about Kwon Saeha / Kim Saeha. The vantage point of the story is from the perspective of Saeha. All time is relative to him. The plot is relative to him.

5. There is only one timeline/universe. Forget about the many-worlds interpretation (MWI), or more commonly known as multiple timelines and parallel universes. There is only one timeline and one universe in the Grid (그리드).

Temporal Mechanics

1. Static Theory of Spacetime. Time is like space, and there is no such thing as the passage of time ¹, or as explained in Grid (그리드) time does not flow. All possibilities in all times simultaneously exist.

   • Growing Block Universe Theory. All possibilities in the past and the present simultaneously exist, and the future is yet to be. Both the past and the present are simply now. What we perceive as the past is as much as what we call the present. There is only now and the future—which is yet to be.

     I originally chose the Block Universe Theory because the Ghost exists and she is from the future, it did not make sense from a Growing Block Universe Theory standpoint—where the future is yet to be. However, after @jenss, from MyDramaList, pointed out that Saeha said he can not go to a time beyond his origin point, it suddenly all fitted together. Add Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity, and voila, perfect fit—the future that is yet to be is relative to the origin time of the time traveler.

   • Spacetime is relative. As explained by Albert Einstein in his Special Theory of Relativity, time (or more accurately, spacetime) is relative to the observer or the person.

2. Time travelers can not travel beyond their origin and relative times. This is the result of rule number 1. This is a very important rule which we will encounter later.

   • Travel beyond one’s origin time is not possible. This is because the world of Grid (그리드) is based on the Growing Block Universe Theory. The future is yet to come into existence.

   • Travel beyond one’s relative time is not possible. This is because of both the Growing Block Universe Theory and Einstein’s Special Theory of Relativity. It does not matter if the traveler is in the past (relative to their origin time), from their relative time (as an observer) the future is yet to come into existence.

3. Person replacement. If time travelers enter a time period where there is a native or earlier version of themselves, they replace it.

   The best example was in episode 07 when the Captured Ghost saved Saeha and Saebyeok from the door explosion (2021-10-10). She returned them back to 2021-10-08 and both Saeha and Saebyeok replaced their versions on that day.

   • 2021-10-08 First Version (episode 04)

     • Saeha was on the corridor of the Secretariat talking to Saebyeok on the phone.
     • Saebyeok visited the construction site where Kim Manok last worked and was talking to Saeha on the phone.

   • 2021-10-08 Second Version (episode 07)

     • Saeha was on the ground with a bloodied face and clothes.
     • Saebyeok was on the ground with her gun.

     Saeha’s return was also captured in CCTV which Director Choi reviewed. In one frame, Saeha was standing talking on his phone. In the next frame, Saeha was on the floor.

   • Age matters. When time travelers enter a time period where there is a younger or older version of themselves, they do not replace it.

     A good example is in episode 08 when Saeha traveled to the year 2000 and talked to his 9-year-old self. No doubt it applies to teenage and senior versions. There are no clues available to determine the age gap.

   • Proximity applies. When time travelers enter a time period in a location far from their native or earlier version, they will not replace it.

     An example of this was when the Founder/Ghost appeared in the Institute of Radio Research from 12:02:00–12:05:59 UTC (21:02:00–21:05:59 KST). Yet at that same time, she was captured on CCTV in the USA, Australia, and Spain. See At a glance: The Ghost for a list of times.

4. Time period replacement. When time travelers enter a time period, it is instantly replaced by the version of their time incursion. The earlier version no longer exist.

   There is no better example than what Saeha noticed himself in 1997-05-18.

   1997-05-18 First Version

   • This is original version where the Grid never existed and time travel was not yet developed.
1997-05-18 Second Version
• This is the first time a time traveler entered this time period and installed the Grid. It was not the Ghost who did it since she does not exist yet at this point.
• Doctor Kwon Sukeun
  • was killed for his ID; or
  • he was accidentally killed because he tried to stop the time traveler.
• Lee Janghyeok (janitor)
  • saw Doctor Kwon’s body, entered Lab 1 to call 119, saw the first time traveler and confronted him/her, which led to his death; or
  • entered Lab 1 because of the noise, saw Doctor Kwon’s dead body, and the time traveler had to kill him.
• These chain of events led to the birth of the Ghost.
1997-05-18 Third Version (episode 03 IRR CCTV)
• This is the version where the Ghost was the one who installed the Grid.
• This is also the version shown in the first CCTV footage of this day.
• Doctor Kwon was killed for his ID (scar at the back of his neck).
• Lee Janghyeok was killed by the Ghost before he left the Institute of Radio Research (IRR).
1997-05-18 Fourth Version
• This is the first time Saeha traveled to 1997.
• Doctor Kwon Sukeun was killed for his ID (hit at the back of his neck with the device).
• Lee Janghyeok saw his body, entered Lab 1 to call 119, saw the Ghost, and confronted her, which led to his death.
• When the Ghost picked up her time device, she felt the existence of another time traveler. Before she was able to act, Saeha reset time.
1997-05-18 Fifth Version
• This is Saeha’s first attempt to change the events of 1997.
• Saeha stole Doctor Kwon’s ID.
• The Ghost appeared but Doctor Kwon was not where she expected him to be.
• The door of Lab 1 opened. The Ghost was taken aback.
• Saeha was standing and handed her Doctor Kwon’s ID.
• The Ghost does not know Saeha yet.
• The Ghost stopped installing the Grid because of Saeha’s accusations and dramatic speech.
• The Ghost started feeling very weak.
• The moment Lee Janghyeok (janitor; and stepfather of Kim Manok) stepped outside the IRR building, the Ghost was erased from existence.
• It is time critical to finish the Grid within a time frame (this is the reason why the Ghost was in various labs around the world). Since this failed, the Grid program failed entirely.
• We will call this the “Fifth Version Reality” or “1997 No Grid Reality”.
1997-05-18 Sixth Version
• After witnessing the world without the Grid, Saeha returned to 1997-05-18.
• He stole the coat lab of Doctor Kwon (with the ID).
• Doctor Kwon still went to Lab 1.
• Saeha finished the Grid within the required time frame.
• Doctor Kwon saw him and fought him.
• Saeha accidentally killed his own father.
• Lee Janghyeok saw them and ran.
1997-05-18 Seventh Version
• After chasing the Ghost throughout 2021 to confront her about the murders and how to change the events, Saeha returned to 1997-05-18 again.
• Saeha observed as the events unfold.
• Saeha noticed the events unfolded differently (CCTV timestamp: 21:02:48).
  • The Ghost pulled the body of Doctor Kwon inside Lab 1.
  • Lee Janghyeok left his room, together with Kim Manok, far earlier than he should have.
• Saeha entered Lab 1 and saw the Ghost getting weaker.
• Saeha made the connection and intervened by teleporting in front of Janghyeok and Manok (CCTV timestamp: 21:05:37)
• Having delayed Lee Janghyeok, the Ghost was able to finish the Grid and teleport to the lobby but Janghyeok hit her with a fire extinguisher. (CCTV timestamp: 21:05:44)
• The inaction of Saeha made the Ghost grow weaker again. The possibility for Janghyeok and Manok to leave the building started to increase.
• Saeha teleported (CCTV timestamp: 21:05:53) and appeared in front of Janghyeok (CCTV timestamp: 21:05:54)
• Saeha was about to kill him but hesitated.
• Since Janghyeok and Manok leaving is no longer a probability, the Ghost recovered and teleported (CCTV timestamp: 21:05:58) and appeared (CCTV timestamp: 21:05:59) behind Janghyeok and killed him herself.
• Saeha returned to Lab 1.
• Saeha was tempted to try saving his father.
• The Security Guard, Han Wihan, saw Saeha in front of the window in Lab 1.
• Han Wihan ran to Lab 1, upon entering, he was assaulted by the Ghost.
• Saeha stopped her from killing him.
• This is the first time the 1997 Ghost knew who Saeha is. Later, they had a conversion in Lab 1 where she said, We’ve repeated this dozens of times to find another way.
• This Seventh Version of 1997-05-18 is the Reality from this point onwards (latter part of episode 8 to episode 10).

From Saeha’s observation, it was established that whenever a time traveler enters a time period they do not belong into, their incursion version replaces the earlier version. The earlier version is gone forever.

In a way, it is similar to the idea in other time travel fiction: the moment time travel is invented and used, it will erase the original reality where the technology was not yet developed. Once opened, it can never be closed.

5. Time travel device. The time travel device can only be controlled by a person with a chip implanted in their arm. The chip is the bridge between a person’s brain and the device.

   

   If the device is used as a blunt weapon, it will electrocute a person from inside out. A very strong output will result in combustion of the target.

   The device can also be used to create a localised timeshield around the user and another person. This allows the user to revert time for a specific person. However, it appears to be limited and consumes a lot of energy. (episode 10)

6. Fixed point in time. A fixed point in time is a trope wherein an event, or a moment, will always happen. A fixed point can be changed but with dire consequences beyond anyone can ever calculate.

   Examples are the deaths of Doctor Kwon Suk Eun (father of Saeha), Lee Janghyeok (janitor; stepfather of Kim Manok), and Kwon Saeha / Kim Saeha.

Realities

Since there is only one timeline and one universe in the Grid (그리드), we will not use the terms [alternate] timelines and parallel worlds, instead, we will use: realities.

• Pre-travel Reality. This is the reality before Saeha became a time traveler. (episodes 01 to 06)

• 1997 No Grid Reality / Fifth Version Reality. This is the reality based on the 1997-05-18 Fifth Version (see Temporal Mechanics #4: Time period replacement) where Saeha distracted the Ghost which prevented her from finishing the Grid, and to be erased from existence. (episode 07)

• MIW (mother-is-well) Reality. Based on the Seventh Version of 1997-05-18 (see Temporal Mechanics #4: Time period replacement) and the simple change Saeha did in the year 2000 which saved her mother from her depression. (episode 08)

• Door Explosion Reality. This reality is based on MIW (mother-is-well) Reality but only refers to the time period from 2021-10-08 to 2021-10-10. In this Reality, Director Choi was shot by a friendly fire and Song Eojin died because of the door explosion set by the Major of the Special Investigation Bureau. (latter part of episode 08)

• Post-Captured Ghost Reality. This reality is the replacement version of the time beginning on 2021-10-08; after the Captured Ghost saved Saeha and Jung Saebyeok from the door explosion. (episodes 09 and 10)

  In this reality, there are two versions of 2021-10-09.

  • 2021-10-09 First Version. (episode 10)

    • The Ghost blocked the side mirror view of Saebyeok while Manok escaped.
    • Saeha was stabbed by Manok.

  • 2021-10-09 Second Version. (episode 10)

    • Saebyeok saw Manok escaping through her side mirror and chased him.
    • The Ghost and the Foe Blue Time Traveler fought.
    • Saeha was hit by Manok, with a blunt instrument, when he protected Saebyeok.
    • Saebyeok shot Manok in defense.

Realities and versions are technically the same. Reality is used to refer to changes affecting multiple time periods; while version only refers to a single day.

Kwon Saeha / Kim Saeha

At a glance: Saeha

• 1997: Saeha was 6 years old
• 2000: Saeha was 9 years old
• 2005-06 when the solar wind hit Earth directly
  • Saeha was 14.
  • Saeha’s mother was working at a factory (episode 01)
• 2021: Saeha was 30 in 2021.

FAQ: Saeha

Did Saeha die?

100% did not. Here are the reasons why:

1. In episode 10 Saeha said, I don’t know why but I couldn’t move past the point in time where I came from.

2. The existence of Storehouse Saeha in 2022.

If it is not possible to visit the future beyond a time traveler’s origin time, the Storehouse Saeha in 2022 should not exist if he died on 2021-10-09.

The Ghost, herself, is another clue.

• When the Ghost returned to the crime scene she intentionally stepped on a pool of blood as if it was nothing.
• While she herself admitted that she does not care what happens to them, because they are her distant past, her emotions throughout the series tells otherwise.
• They did try to find another way. If she truly does not care, she would not even bother, as she herself said, I can always turn back time.
• When the Friendly Blue Time Traveler was about to do something to the dying Saeha, the Ghost tried to stop him.

The Ghost does care, and she is as human as any of us. She stepped on the pool of blood because she knew it was fake! She visited the crime scene as a closure and as proof to herself that there is always another way—they just have to find it.

Originally, my interpretation was Saeha traveled with the Ghost before he returned the device and then died on 2021-10-09.

How did the Friendly Blue Time Traveler saved Saeha?

Here is how it happened:

1. The Friendly Blue Time Traveler bumped Manok to remove the tracker. He needs him to hide.

2. He then observed if his plan to position Saeha and Manok in an area of his choosing worked. It did. Saeha was stabbed by Manok.

3. When the Ghost was standing on an open field, sad and surrendered, the Friendly Blue Time Traveler froze time and reversed it back.

4. The Ghost was caught unawares because nothing like it ever happened in her previous attempts to change the fixed point.

5. Because the Ghost was not in position to block Saebyeok’s side mirror view, she saw Manok escaping and chased him.

6. Similar to the 2021-10-09 First Version, Saeha stopped at the location where Manok was hiding, only this time with Saebyeok.

7. Manok was instead enraged against Saebyeok and decided to kill her. The Ghost intervened.

   • The Ghost struggled to stop Manok.

     • Time is juggling between two conflicting possibilities

       • the Ghost is erased
       • the Ghost still is

       This was similar to the incident in 1997-05-18 Seventh Version. Because there was another time traveler (Saeha), anything can happen.

       This time the traveler who was to be erased was the one who intervened.

     • She was can not decide how much she should intervene.

8. When the Ghost decided to stop Manok, the Foe Blue Time Traveler attacked her. He looked up. He probably saw the Grid flickers.

   • Whenever something happens that may put the existence of the Grid in jeopardy, the Grid flickers. This is why they looked up, even the Ghost did it several times.
   • This was also in episode 02. When Manok stole the salary of a worker, the Ghost reversed time. But he still stole the money repeatedly, the Ghost teleported the envelope back to the owner’s pocket instead. This was not a useless, random scene, it means something.
     • Later in the episode, Eojin said, I saw the Grid breaking again on our way back.
     • Stealing the salary of that man changed the path of Manok. The Grid did not disappear instantly because the Ghost was watching, time is juggling between two possibilities.

9. The Ghost was enraged, she chased the Foe Blue Time Traveler. The Foe Blue Time Traveler tried to lose her. When the Ghost got better with her strategy, the Foe Blue Time Traveler had no choice but to confront her.

10. The Foe Blue Time Traveler was on the defense. He even dropped his device to make her think twice.

11. The Ghost returned to the scene. Standing on her left is the Friendly Blue Time Traveler. They both watched as Saeha slowly dies. She looked up and watched the Grid gets restored.

12. The Friendly Blue Time Traveler and the Ghost teleported to Saeha.

13. The Ghost tried to stopped the Friendly Blue Time Traveler, and he said in English, It’s not me. Can’t you see it? while looking down at his device.

    • He was telling her that his device is of a different model than the one who attacked her.

14. The Friendly Blue Time Traveler created a localised timeshield around him and Saeha. At first he almost failed (clue: Saeha’s blood flowed again) because Jung Saebyeok was holding Saeha and his timeshield did not include her.

15. The Ghost noticed this so she created a timeshield with Jung Saebyeok in it. Once Saebyeok moved, the Ghost pulled her to herself—maybe to align her at the same state as her (notice that they do not touch the frozen person outside the timeshield but she did inside).

16. The Friendly Blue Time Traveler was then able to completely place the timeshield around Saeha. Based on what the Ghost did with Saebyeok, the Friendly Blue Time Traveler probably switched Saeha’s body with a faux one (or someone else did since he is maintaining his timeshield).

17. Afterwards both time travelers left. Possibly to save Saeha because he was about to breath his last.

Who is the Storehouse Saeha?

He is the Saeha the Friendly Blue Time Traveler saved. However, he can not reveal himself, otherwise they would risk changing recorded history.

As explained in Did Saeha die?, it is not possible for Storehouse Saeha to be Saeha before he returned the time travel device. The Storehouse Saeha is in 2022, it is not possible for 2021 Saeha to travel to 2022.

Kim Manok / Lee Siwon

At a glance: Manok / Siwon

• 1992: Manok was adopted by Lee Janghyeok (janitor) when he was only one year old.
  • Lee Janghyeok registered him as Lee Siwon.
• 1997: Manok was 5 years old.
  • 1997-05-18: His father was murdered.
  • The Nature Orphanage re-registered him as Kim Manok because he was not speaking and they can not find information about him at the time (1997).
• 2021: Manok was 29.

FAQ: Manok / Siwon

The Ghost

At a glance: The Ghost

• 1997-05-18: CCTV footages in seven laboratories around the world

  The Ghost appeared in the first six labs in sequence. But when she appeared in the IRR, she overlapped her presence in the USA, Australia, and Spain. (see Temporal Mechanics #3.b: Proximity)

  • DEU: 11:58:22–11:58:31 UTC (13:58:22–13:58:31 CEST)
  • RUS: 11:58:32–11:58:33 UTC (15:58:32–15:58:33 MSD)
  • HKG: 12:01:24–12:01:26 UTC (20:01:24–20:01:26 HKT)
  • USA: 12:04:11–12:04:13 UTC (08:04:11–08:04:13 EDT)
  • AUS: 12:04:59–12:05:01 UTC (22:04:59–22:05:01 AEST)
  • ESP: 12:05:21–12:05:24 UTC (14:05:21–14:05:24 CEST)
  • KOR (Seventh Version)
    • 12:02:00–12:05:59 UTC (21:02:00–21:05:59 KST)
    • reappeared in IRR Lab 1 to have a conversation with Saeha

• 2091: The Ghost was born.

• She is the Founder of the Grid beginning on 1997-05-18 Third Version.

FAQ: The Ghost

The Blue Time Traveler

FAQ: The Blue Time Traveler

Who is the Blue Time Traveler?

Good question! Unfortunately there is no way to know who is the Blue Time Traveler. However, there are two of them!

1. Friendly Blue Time Traveler

   • He was the one who bumped into Manok to remove the tracker.
   • He was the one who saved Saeha.
   • His time device is slimmer and pointed.

   

2. Foe Blue Time Traveler

   • He was the one who attacked the Ghost.
   • His time device is wider and rounded

   

   

   

Maybe they are twins or clones or one is an earlier version of the other. Regardless, what matters at this point is the Foe Blue Time Traveler is not the same as the Friendly Blue Time Traveler.

As the Friendly Blue Time Traveler said in English, It’s not me. Can’t you see it? while he was pointing with his eyes to look at his time device (he was also aware someone who looked exactly like him fought her). Upon realising this, the Ghost let him do what he was about to.

Administration Bureau

At a glance: Administration Bureau

• Formed after the 1997-05-18 Institute of Radio Research (IRR) incident.
• Composed of two departments:
  • The Grid Control Team. Led by Director Jo Heung Shik
  • The Secretariat. Led by Director Choi Seonwool since formation.
• Destroyed sometime in the latter half of 2022 (possibly in October).

FAQ: Administration Bureau

Others

At a glance

• Song Eojin
  • 1997: 9 years old.
  • 2021: 33 years old.
• Jung Saebyeok
  • 2005-06: Was on her Physical Education class on the school field when the solar wind hit.
  • In the 1997 No Grid Reality, she became a librarian. Her face and vocal cords were damaged.
• 2021 story: started on 2021-10-05 and ended on 2021-10-10

FAQ

In the end, the Grid was still destroyed.

The Grid that was destroyed is in 2022, not the 1997 Grid.

In episode 10, the IRR and the AB buildings were destroyed by an attack from outer space. The AB did not exist yet in 1997.

In addition, if they did destroy the 1997 Grid, the faction which destroyed it would not benefit from the 1997 No Grid Reality.

Who were the two men guarding the body of the Ghost in a white room?

The man who appears to be the subordinate could be the Friendly Blue Time Traveler or the Foe Blue Time Traveler since it was played by the same actor. It is also possible it is a different character altogether, the actor probably played three characters.

He made this report to who appears to be his superior, The Grid is all gone. From all the times and layers.

His superior replied in English, You never know. Which he followed up with, in Korean, No one knows. Is there really an end?

Like his subordinate, this man is also an unknown. In the room with them is what appears to be the [dead] body of the Ghost.

Is Byeori the mother of the Ghost?

Maybe, maybe not. Since the Ghost said she was born in 2091, Byeori would be 69 years old by then.

However, the Grid was destroyed sometime the latter half of 2022. Between 2022 and 2091, Earth was hit by another solar wind (as confirmed by the 1997 Ghost). The traditional way of having babies is probably not advisable due to the radiation, and the damage in their DNAs.

Because of it In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) is probably very common to ensure babies will develop without the risk of radiation exposure. Or, through surrogacy from healthy mothers living inside protected domes. This would make it possible for anyone to have a healthy baby regardless of age.

That considered, Byeori may be the Ghost’s mother after all. Especially after the scene wherein the Ghost carried Byeori on her arms. (Daughter taking care of her baby mother? Yeah, time travel! That is lovely and sweet too.)

They measured Saeha and the result was 106 something, what is it?

It is microtesla (µT). A microtesla is an SI unit of magnetic flux density equal to 10^-6 teslas. ³

Okay, I do not know what it means either.

Basically, microtesla is a unit of measurement used for magnetic fields. Grid (그리드) was correct that a human being should only have a very low—0.3 or less—microtesla reading. Humans who live near high-tension power poles usually have a reading of 0.4 µT. ⁴ If one is very near, or under power lines, magnetic fields is around 20 µT. ⁵

For a human being to produce over 100 µT meant they were exposed to extremely powerful magnetic fields, which in the show’s case, time travel technology (and that level is not healthy). Here are the confirmed readings of time travelers:

• The Ghost: 408 µT
• The Friendly Blue Time Traveler: 230 µT before Saeha’s death; 237 µT after Saeha’s death
• Saeha: 106 µT

Class dismissed

Time travel cadets, as for your assignment be sure to share this article in your social media accounts and online groups. Or, support my efforts by sending a gift.

If you have additional questions or not-so-violent reactions, you can also leave a comment below.

Thank you for listening (or reading in this case).

Uncover the hidden gem in a K-drama disguised by its title the Missing Crown Prince. Follow the poignant romance between the Queen Dowager and her secret lover, and see why this series stands out for its unique narrative and captivating acting.

Story

A mistitled drama

Despite its title, the story isn’t about the Missing Crown Prince (Kim Junmyeon). He was missing for just about five episodes.

Main or support characters?

Officially, three young actors are billed as the main characters, but they are actually supporting characters. The true leads are the two actors listed as supporting roles, namely: Myeong Sebin as Taebi Minssi; and Kim Joheon as Choe Sangrok.

A tragic love story

The narrative centres on the tragic romance between the Taebi Minssi and her ex-betrothed turned secret lover, Choe Sangrok. Their relationship drives the emotional core of the series. The love story of I Geon and Choe Myeongyun was straightforward and clearly secondary from the start.

Performance

The acting is impressive, particularly from the actual main actors—Myeong Sebin and Kim Joheon—showcasing their veteran skills. The younger actors—Hong Yeji and Kim Junmyeon—also performed well, learning from their senior counterparts and creating great on-screen synergy.

Verdict

If you catch the early hints that the show isn’t about the Missing Crown Prince, it deserves a perfect 10 stars. This series demands the right mindset to be truly appreciated and rated accurately.

Official trailer

Imagine a world where the power to decide a person’s guilt or innocence is no longer solely in the hands of the legal system but is instead placed directly into the hands of the public. This intriguing concept has been brought to life in two captivating K-drama TV series: The Devil Judge (악마판사) and The Killing Vote (국민사형투표). In a unique twist, both shows invite the public to cast their votes on the fate of the accused, evoking a sense of agency and empowerment that resonates deeply with the frustrations of the ordinary citizens.

The first of these excellent dramas, The Devil Judge (악마판사), aired in 2021. It follows a brilliant judge who masterfully exploits every nuance of the law, including its intricate loopholes, to ensure that the public comprehends the intricacies of each case. In a society where legal jargon often feels foreign and inaccessible, this approach resonates. By meticulously building cases using applicable laws and cunningly exploiting loopholes, the judge presents the facts to the public. Empowered by an innovative app, the public then exercises their collective judgment to determine the accused’s guilt or innocence.

Enter The Killing Vote (국민사형투표), the second series exploring this concept, which is currently captivating audiences. In this narrative, an anonymous individual takes matters into their own hands by spotlighting individuals released from prison or acquitted of their crimes. Constructing a compelling case against them, they present the details to the public. As viewers, we are transported into a world where we can cast our digital ballots through an app, deciding whether the accused should face the ultimate punishment: execution.

Both dramas delve into the pent-up frustrations of the majority, often marginalized and disempowered, yearning for a role in the pursuit of justice. The desire to witness fairness prevail, albeit suppressed by the complex legal system, finds an outlet in these shows. Furthermore, they tap into our society’s contemporary tech-driven landscape, showcasing the potential for direct public involvement in the decision-making process.

This brings us to a thought-provoking question: Could this seemingly far-fetched scenario become a reality? Is there a genuine chance for ordinary individuals, like you and me, to have a meaningful voice in matters of justice? As we watch these dramas unfold, we’re compelled to contemplate the prospect of a world where justice is not a distant concept but a tangible right we can collectively shape.

The allure of participating in such participatory verdicts can’t be ignored. The act of casting a vote through an app feels more immediate and impactful than traditional elections and the justice system, often lengthy and corrupt, allowing us to directly influence outcomes we care about deeply. The dramas also ignite a conversation about the potential consequences of such a system. Would it empower citizens and restore faith in justice, or would it blur the lines between justice and vengeance?

As we absorb the compelling narratives of The Devil Judge (악마판사) and The Killing Vote (국민사형투표), the dialogue they spark is vital. It encourages us to ponder the direction society might take, the roles we might play, and the responsibilities we might shoulder if such a revolutionary justice system were to emerge.

What are your thoughts on this intriguing concept? Could this be a glimpse into the future, or is it a captivating yet distant idea? Share your insights below or join the conversation on the social media threads where this post is shared. Your voice matters, just as it does in these compelling K-dramas.

I recently began watching the Tagalog-dubbed version of Do You Like Brahms? (브람스를 좋아하세요?) on Viu OTT after missing its original 2020 airing due to the deep pain caused by the end of my 15-year relationship. As I watch the series now, I find it surprisingly painful.

Apart from the intricate relationships depicted in the show, I’m captivated by the exceptional performances of Park Eun Bin (박은빈) and Kim Min Jae (김민재). In my opinion, this is the first time Kim Min Jae (김민재) seems perfectly matched with his on-screen partner, and in this case it’s Park Eun Bin (박은빈), to the point where I envision them being a perfect couple in real life.

While the show’s storyline reminds me of my recent breakup, it’s not just the narrative that stirs my emotions; it’s the underlying pain within it. Even though I’ve moved on, memories can still be haunting when there’s nothing to replace them.

Moreover, the pain experienced by the main male character, portrayed by Kim Min Jae (김민재), in his relationship with his mother resonates deeply with me. My own mother is currently ill, and the financial struggle to afford her necessary medical treatment leaves me feeling helpless and despondent. She has sacrificed so much to raise us and overcome various family challenges. Balancing my personal happiness and responsibilities towards her well-being becomes a profound dilemma.

Regardless of the challenges, disagreements, and ups and downs one may have with their parents, especially their mother, witnessing them endure hardships and illness is an unbearable burden. Though difficult to express, this sentiment runs deep within us. I find a connection with Kim Min Jae (김민재)’s character, not one-to-one, but in the underlying essence of his struggle.

While Do You Like Brahms? (브람스를 좋아하세요?) primarily focuses on romantic relationships, it also touches on the love within families—how we navigate our connections with our parents and the impact it has on our personal lives. It compels us to contemplate whether our lives should solely revolve around our individual aspirations or also extend to supporting the parents who raised us.

In summary, Do You Like Brahms? (브람스를 좋아하세요?) is a compelling drama that delves into the complexities of human relationships, both romantic and familial, resonating with viewers on profound emotional levels.

If you’re feeling confused about the ending of Pandora: Beneath the Paradise (판도라: 조작된 낙원), don’t worry, you’re not alone. Let’s delve deeper into the story and see if we can make sense of it together.

Recap of the ending scenes

In one of the final scenes, we sa Pyo Jae Hyun (표재현) take his own life, having come to the realisation that living a life not of his choosing was unbearable. Perhaps he was consumed by regret or too prideful to admit defeat.

A few years later, in Switzerland, Jang Gyo Jin (장교진) arrived at Hong Tae Ra (홍태라)’s home ahead of the others. As he was changing to fresh clothes, it was revealedd that Gyo Jin had the sasme distinctive lightning marks as Jae Hyun. The camera then pans to hiss face, and it was the face of Jae Hyun.

Seven possible explanations

Option #1: Identity Switch

In the scene where Jae Hyun wakes up, it initially appears that he simply left after attempting to attack Gyo Jin. However, it’s plausible that Jae Hyun returned and launched a surprise attack on Gyo Jin, who was attempting to wake up his mother. Jae Hyun used this opportunity to implant false memories and new commands in Gyo Jin’s mind.

There is also a possibility that Gyo Jin was in the process of creating a new face to conceal his burned skin. Jae Hyun saw it, and created his own face which he then placed on the unconscious Gyo Jin.

When Jang Do Jin (장도진) arrived later, the person sitting there was actually Jae Hyun wearing the face of Gyo Jin.

Also noticed how Gyo Jin’s mother was supposedly taken by her assistant and was never heard from again? It might be posssible Jae Hyun hid her body and told a fake story toDo Jin.

Option #2: Early programming

This option takes us back to when Gyo Jin was first brought into Hatch’s laboratory. It is possible that Jae Hyun implanted commands into Gyo Jin’s brain, which would only be triggered by specific words spoken by Jae Hyun.

Jae Hyun was established as a character who was always several steps ahead of everyone else, making him a formidable opponent. It is quite possible then, that when he woke up in Gyo Jin’s hideout, he spoke the trigger words which caused the false memories and new commands he had implanted to take hold of Gyo Jin mind.

Option #3: Hong Tae Ra never woke up

It is possible that Hong Tae Ra (홍태라) is still asleep and dreaming, much like ho they trapped Jae Hyun in an endless dream. However, this could only have occurred when Tae Ra was first captured.

In this scenario, everything we witnessed from that episode until the last was simply the dreams she was having, as the story was from Tae Ra vantage point.

Option #4: They were all implanted by a chip

Unbeknownst to them, all of them had been implanted with a chip by Jae Hyun at some point. This chip allowed him to manipulate their memories, issue commands, and even alter their perception of people’s faces.

Similar to the previous possibile twists, the person who committed suicide was actually Gyo Jin, who had been reprogrammed by Jae Hyun. The rest of them at the scene were only seeing an illusion of Jae Hyun’s face.

Years later, Jae Hyun visited Tae Ra at her home in Switzerland, and the sight of his lightning scars caused Tae Ra’s memories to correct itself, revealing Jae Hyun’s true identity.

Option #5: Jang Gyo Jin is the real mastermind

In this scenario, Gyo Jin has been assuming the identity of Jae Hyun by using implanted chips to manipulate people’s memories, appearance, and actions. He went as far as to murder Tae Ra fake sister and was struck by lightning as a result.

When Tae Ra later saw the lightning marks on Gyo Jin’s back, it triggered the false face that was implanted in her mind, causing her to perceive Gyo Jin as Jae Hyun once again. While the chip was supposedly already removed, both true and false memories are already a part of her.

Option #6: Hong Tae Ra is a test subject

The entire story of Pandora: Beneath the Paradise (판도라: 조작된 낙원) appeared to be a collection of memories or a dream by test subject Hong Tae Ra (홍태라). In the final scene where Tae Ra saw the lightning marks, it was only a programming designed to test how the human brain would react to something unexplainable.

Option #7: Hong Tae Ra was in a virtual world

Have you watched the movie “Total Recall”? It is possible that Tae Ra was simply playing a game, testing a military technology, or even on a vacation here she chose to play the role of a former assassin. Perhaps Tae Ra was simply experiencing her own version of a memory implant or a simulated reality.

In closing

Personally, I am not a fan of dream-like endings, but this story employs advanced technology to make it possible. The ending is definitive, and there are no alternate versions. The character who committed suicide stays dead. What we are left wondering is what actually transpired between the firsst scene of episode 1 and the final scene of episode 16.

We may never know the answer, but it is worth noting that the literal translation of the Korean title is Pandora: A Fabricated Paradise which itself provides us with hints.

1. Hong Tae Ra (홍태라) embodies the modern version of Pandora.

2. Pandora’s box represents the chip and mind manipulation technologies used in the show.

3. The show’s depiction of the horrific consequences that arise from opening Pandora’s box highlights the potential for such technologies to be abused to control people.

4. The notion of a fabricated paradise suggests that Hong Tae Ra (홍태라)’s life was a fabrication.

   If this last item is the case, then it is highly likely that either Option #6 or Option #7 represents what actually occurred.

What do you think? Which scenario likely actually occurred? Or, maybe, you have a different idea?

Duty After School recently concluded and it received a lot of negative feedback due to the way the live-action adaptation ended the series. But, are you aware that there are potential alternate endings to Duty After School?

DikshaG went through five different alternate endings.

1. The Webtoon ending

   I haven’t read the webtoon, in the original ending, most of the main characters survived instead of the brutal and senseless ending the live-adaptation presented.

2. It’s all a dream

   This is an ending which was hinted by the adaptation, an one that truly hate in any live-action fiction. I mean, why waste the audience’s time when it was all nothing but a dream? This route only works in novels.

3. Gook Yeong Soo’s suicide

4. The War Continues

5. Killed by the Spheres

The other three potential endings? I invite you over to read Duty After School: Exploring Alternate Endings for the Heart-Wrenching K-Drama by DikshaG. You would probably pick one of those three other potential endings.

Taxi Driver (모범택시) revolves around a group of people who are dissatisfied with the justice system and take on cases that have been ignored or overlooked by the authorities. They help ordinary people who have been left behind by the law.

Taxi Driver (모범택시) features a star-studded cast, including Lee Je Hoon (이제훈) as Kim do Gi (김도기), Pyo Ye Jin (표예진) as Ahn Go Eun (안고은), and Kim Eui Sung (김의성) as Jang Sung Chul (장성철). Alongside them are regular and familiar actors such as Jang Hyuk Jin (장혁진) as Choi Kyung Goo (최경구) and Bae Yoo Ram (배유람) as 박진언 (Park Jin Eon).

Synopsis

Despite disbanding after Kim do Gi (김도기)’s successful revenge, the Rainbow Deluxe Taxi (레인보우 디럭스 택시) crew, including Jang Sung Chul (장성철), Ahn Go Eun (안고은), Choi Kyung Goo (최경구), and Park Jin Eon (박진언), can’t resist the call to reunite with their former leader. Though each attempts to live a regular life with a typical job, their innate desire to fight against injustice draws them back to one another. ¹

Now fighting for more clients than ever before, the crew continues to battle on behalf of those wronged by an unequal society. However, their work draws the attention of a mysterious organisation. As they try to uncover the organisation’s identity and motives, the Rainbow Deluxe Taxi (레인보우 디럭스 택시) crew faces their toughest challenge yet. ¹

Story

The narrative structure of Season 2 took on a more ‘serial’ approach, featuring an overarching storyline that developed with each episode leading to the finale. This was a shift from Season 1’s episodic structure, where each episode or two were standalone stories with little connection to an overarching plot.

This change in storytelling style left many viewers feeling conflicted about Season 2 during its first four episodes, as they had come in with expectations based on the previous season. However, the season ultimately proved to be a success, with each individual case presented in a way that could stand alone as a captivating story, while still maintaining a common thread that tied everything together.

In Season 2, just as in the previous season, many of the cases presented were inspired by real-life events in South Korea. However, the showrunners masterfully wove the fictionalized overarching storyline into these cases, creating a beautifully seamless blend of reality and fiction.

A true standalone sequel

Season 2 of Taxi Driver (모범택시) is a self-contained story that can be enjoyed by both new and returning viewers. Any references to the previous season were used sparingly as flashbacks to add depth to the characters and enrich the drama. It’s like watching a new show where some references to the past are used to help viewers understand the characters and their motivations.

Performance

The actors in Taxi Driver (모범택시) Season 2 delivered superb performances, demonstrating the same level of skill and commitment to their roles as in Season 1. Their acting was neither underwhelming nor over-the-top, striking a perfect balance that kept viewers engaged and invested in the story.

While there is always pressure to surpass the previous season, this can sometimes lead to overacting. However, the actors in Season 2 avoided this trap and remained true to their characters, bringing them to life with nuance and depth. Season 2 is more focused on the story arc than the individual characters, but the actors still managed to give their roles with the necessary emotions and complexity to make the show a success. Overall, their performances were outstanding, contributing to the overall quality of the show.

Production

Similar to the actors, the production team behind Taxi Driver (모범택시) Season 2 maintained the same level of quality and consistency as in Season 1. This decision to maintain a similar level of production was a wise one, as it ensured that Season 2 remained on par with the previous season. Rather than attempting to introduce new elements for the sake of being different or innovative, the production team focused on delivering the same high-quality visuals, sound, and overall presentation that made Season 1 such a success.

As a result, Season 2 of Taxi Driver (모범택시) was able to stand on its own as a powerful and engaging season, while still staying true to the look and feel of the franchise. It allowed the show to build on the success of the first season while still offering something fresh and new for audiences to enjoy.

Verdict

Taxi Driver (모범택시) is an outstanding season deserving nine (9) out of ten (10) stars. It was thoroughly enjoyable, and I am eagerly looking forward to Seasons 3 and 4!

Did I mention that there is a potential for a spin-off? One possible spin-off could be an eight-episode prequel, exploring the story of Ms. Driver, the first Deluxe Taxi driver.

Official trailer

The Last of Us premiered on HBO Max this week. This new TV series is an adaptation of a game of the same name developed by Naughty Dog.

It is rare to see a good live-action adaptation of a game franchise. Produced and written by Craig Mazin and Neil Druckmann, I can say that The Last of Us is counted in those rare adaptations. ¹

Synopsis

In 2003, a fungal virus that turns its victims bloodthirsty and infects those they attack sparks a global pandemic. Joel (played by actor Pedro Pascal) flees with his daughter as the virus starts to spread, but was killed by a soldier. Twenty years later, the fungal virus has ravaged the world, and Joel was tasked with escorting the teenage Ellie (played by actress Bella Ramsey) across a post-apocalyptic United States.

Episode 01 Review

• Part 1: 1968

  It was a very good introduction. Straightforward. It saved the show from explaining it later. I do not know if this was how it went in the original material, if not, it was a good decision to get it out of the way.

• Part 2: 2003

  This is the part that I wish they spent more time on. They could have built deeper the daughter-dad relationship, and their relationship with their neighbours. It was lacking in this area. I did not feel anything when his daughter died. The Koreans are good at this, they could take a tip or two from them.

  The devastation and destruction were also limited. If all hell was breaking loose, I want to feel and see that. The urgency. The fear. Adrenalin kicking in. Survival instincts playing a major role.

  But, okay, it was 2003, the population were not yet into zombies, so everyone’s reactions were “he’s gone crazy”. If the outbreak happened in 2023, the reaction would be different.

• Part 3: 2023

  Too much time was spent on this. It could’ve been shorter, since they are going to leave the Boston QZ (quarantine zone) anyway, and it is the typical post-apocalyptic QZ. The time gained from it could have been used for Part 2 (see above feedback).

  Since I have not played the game, it would be interesting to see aerial shots. How big was the QZ? What’s the surrounding area look like? It does not have to be grand, just there to help the audience immerse in this post-apocalyptic 2023.

Verdict

Overall, it was a good premiere episode.

1. It set the tone of the series.
2. It explained the important details, like what was the underlying cause of the outbreak.
3. Introduced the main and support characters, and what kind of persons they are.

HBO Max only ordered ten episodes for Season 1. The three points I mentioned are key into keeping the focus of this season on the main plot.

I love it, 8 out of 10 stars! Now, where is episode 02?

Official trailer

Happy Gregorian New Year 2023! Another year has gone by in the Gregorian Calendar, 2022. Here is a list of some of the articles which were popular (and still are).

OPM, P-pop, and Idols

• What is the difference between P-pop and OPM?

• All P-pop are idols, not
  Are the labels P-pop and Idols the same? No, not at all. In this article, we dived into these two terminologies and clearly defined P-pop and Idols.

• P-pop idols, when did it all start?
  The trillion-₱eso questions: When did the P-pop Idol industry actually started? And who was the first P-pop idol?

Autism

• What is autism acceptance?
  It started with autism awareness, and then autism acceptance. But what exactly is autism acceptance? Are the people around us, autistics, have truly accepted us, or only tolerating us?

• Autistics on «Extraordinary Attorney Woo»
  Extraordinary Attorney Woo (이상한 변호사 우영우) was generally received by real-life autistic persons. The show and the team, in particular the lead actor Park Eun Bin (박은빈), positive reactions from both autistics and neurotypicals. I am autistic myself and my opinions about the show only represents my own, this prompted me to contact autistic people and asked them some questions about the show and autism.

• Whale couple Filipino memes
  Funny and witty Filipino memes about the Whale Couple from Extraordinary Attorney Woo (이상한 변호사 우영우).

Explained

• (Updated) «All Of Us Are Dead» explained
  There were a lot of questions about this popular series. In this explained article, I tried to answer each question and explained why it was so.

• (Updated) «Grid (그리드)» explained
  This Disney+ series gained a lot of attention in Korea and overseas. As with any complex time travel stories, most of its audience were confused. In this explained article, I answered and explained each and every question from an in-universe perspective.

• «Reborn Rich» (2022) explained
  Confused about the ending of Reborn Rich (재벌집 막내아들)? Who was Yoon Hyun Woo (윤현우) and Jin Do Jun (진도준) exactly? Are they one person or two? Were there two timelines or only one? But Yoon Hyun Woo (윤현우) said he did not time travel, right?

• What is in the name, Le Sserafim?
  HYBE and Source Music first teased about their new girl group with their motto IM Fearless on March 25, 2022. On March 28, 2022, they revealed that their motto is an anagram of the group’s name: Le Sserafim. But, what is Le Sserafim?

And cool ones

• «The Law Cafe» episode 4: Child Abuse
  Episode 04 of this show tackled the issue of child abuse. They did not shy away from showing the truth and the intense pain a child goes through from abusive adults.

• Bioman, Maskman, & Shaider full theme songs in Tagalog
  Tagalog theme songs are not easy to find. In this blog post, there are six Tagalog theme songs from three tokusatsu series. Check it out!

• Most coherent list of K-pop generations
  A more logical approach on defining the generations of K-pop.

A list of Marvel Cinematic Universe productions in sequential order as it happened in-universe.

Official Timeline from Disney

Based on the official timeline by Disney+, unless otherwise specified. (As of 2023-01-10.)

1. Captain America: The First Avenger (film)
2. Agent Carter (TV)
3. Captain Marvel (film)
4. Iron Man (film)
5. Iron Man 2 (film)
6. A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Thor’s Hammer (shorts)
7. Thor (film)
8. The Incredible Hulk (TV) ¹
9. Consultant (shorts)
10. The Avengers (film)
11. Item 47 (shorts)
12. Thor: The Dark World (film)
13. Iron Man 3 (film)
14. Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (TV) ²
15. All Hail the King (shorts)
16. Captain America: The Winter Soldier (film)
17. Guardians of the Galaxy (film)
18. I Am Groot: Groot’s First Steps (shorts)
19. Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (film)
20. I Am Groot: The Little Guy (shorts)
21. I Am Groot: Groot’s Pursuit (shorts)
22. I Am Groot: Groot Takes A Bath (shorts)
23. I Am Groot: Magnum Opus (shorts)
24. Avengers: Age of Ultron (film)
25. Ant-Man (film)
26. Captain America: Civil War (film)
27. Black Widow (film)
28. Black Panther (film)
29. Spider-Man: Homecoming (film)
30. Doctor Strange (film)
31. Thor: Ragnarok (film)
32. Ant-Man and the Wasp (film)
33. Avengers: Infinity War (film)
34. Avengers: Endgame (film)
35. Loki (TV)
36. What If…? (animation)
37. WandaVision (TV)
38. The Falcon and the Winter Soldier (TV)
39. Spider-Man: Far From Home (film)
40. Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings (film)
41. Eternals (film)
42. Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness (film)
43. Hawkeye (TV)
44. Moon Knight (TV) ³
45. She-Hulk: Attorney at Law (TV)
46. Ms. Marvel (TV)
47. Thor: Love and Thunder (film) ³
48. The Guardians of the Galaxy Holiday Special (shorts)
49. Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania (film) ³
50. Black Panther: Wakanda Forever (film) ³

Announced

1. Secret Invasion (TV)
2. Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3 (film)
3. Echo (TV)
4. The Marvels (film)
5. Loki: Season 2 (TV)
6. Ironheart (TV)
7. Agatha: Coven of Chaos (TV)
8. Daredevil: Born Again (TV)
9. Captain America: New World Order (film)
10. Thunderbolts (film)
11. Blade (film)
12. Fantastic Four (film)
13. Armor Wars (film)
14. Avengers: The Kang Dynasty (film)
15. Avengers: Secret Wars (film)
16. Nova (film)

Confused about the ending of Reborn Rich (재벌집 막내아들)? Who was Yoon Hyun Woo (윤현우) and Jin Do Jun (진도준) exactly? Are they one person or two? Were there two timelines or only one? But Yoon Hyun Woo (윤현우) said he did not time travel, right?

These are probably the questions you have in your mind right now, and in this article, I am going to give you an explanation that you more likely agree with.

As with any explanation I did before, there are guidelines and rules on how we should find a satisfactory answer. This is very important, otherwise, we will be all over the place.

Guidelines

1. Approach from an in-universe perspective. We need to think as someone who lives in the world of the characters. We need to unlock what was in the author’s mind.

2. Remember these two important rules in creative writing / fiction:

   • Show, don’t tell. If the storytelling style is to tell, then we are reading a scientific paper or watching a documentary. We need to watch to find the answers.

   • If a scene does not move the story forward, delete it. An experienced writer makes sure every scene is important to the story. This means that we can not assume that some scenes were insignificant. All scenes are significant and a potential clue.

3. Everything shown is canon. We can not dismiss something shown as false. If an information was included in the show, then it is official.

4. There is only one timeline, or universe, in this story. Forget about the many-worlds interpretation (MWI), or more commonly known as multiple timelines and parallel universes. This series established in episode 16 that there is only one timeline.

Fixed clues

1. Episode 16: Yoon Hyun Woo (윤현우) did not possess the body of Jin Do Jun (진도준).
2. Episode 16: Yoon Hyun Woo (윤현우) did not time travel to the past as Jin Do Jun (진도준).
3. Episode 16: Yoon Hyun Woo (윤현우) was in a coma state, or slept, in a hospital for one week. He never died. Which means he can not be reborn, or reincarnated, as Jin Do Jun (진도준).
4. Episode 1 and Episode 16: The history in Yoon Hyun Woo (윤현우)’s period (2022 or later), was similar to what we have seen from the vantage point of Jin Do Jun (진도준).
5. Yoon Hyun Woo (윤현우) and Jin Do Jun (진도준) met twice. The first one was on a road. The second was when Jin Do Jun (진도준) was assassinated.

These are fixed clues. Any attempt at an answer, or theory, should be able to reconcile these five fixed clues without resorting to lazy writing and writer error.

The answer

It is quite simple. When Yoon Hyun Woo (윤현우) was in a coma, or slept, for one week, he started to dream the memories of Jin Do Jun (진도준). Since Yoon Hyun Woo (윤현우) is the one dreaming the memories of Jin Do Jun (진도준), he remembers his own life as Yoon Hyun Woo (윤현우).

His dream of Jin Do Jun (진도준)’s memories was not perfect. There were gaps, and as the dreamer, he was also able to do things on his own to some extent. But, as he learned the hard way, events still happened the way it should.

That is it.

FAQ

A beautifully woven story about life and death, and how we are all connected together.

Synopsis

Baek Dong Joo (백동주) (character played by Lee Hye Ri (이혜리)) is a former professional ping pong athlete, who has just started to work as a funeral director. On her first day on the job she finds out she has the gift, or curse, to momentarily resurrect and talk to the recently deceased people when she touches them. She has to grant 21 wishes to be freed of this fate.

Kim Tae Hee (김태희) (character played by Lee Jun Young (이준영)) works as a man for hire. Employed by his uncle Vincent running the newly opened errand service company “A Dime A Job” he can be hired for any odd but legal task for as little as one hundred Won.

One day, Kim Tae Hee (김태희) encounters Baek Dong Joo (백동주), when he was hired by her boyfriend to break up with her in his stead. After that, their paths continue to cross, and by the virtue of their jobs their fates get intertwined deeper and deeper in a series of life and death situations, surrounding the wishes of the people who had died, and the painful past it is going to unravel for both of them. ¹

Review

At first, one would think it is just another comedy, ‘feel good’, “very fictional”, TV series. It was easy to drop it just because. But, a fair warning, doing so would be to your detriment. This series is about life, the value of relationships, and yes, what death means for you and me.

The story transcends faith and religion. This was beautifully depicted with the Catholic priest and the Catholic confessional box; as well as, by the Buddhism beliefs of the other characters. Life, relationships, and death, are universal, and commonly have the same depth of meaning regardless of one’s faith and religion.

It is not about ghosts. In fact, there is nothing paranormal in the story, rather, it is more supernatural. A higher being supernaturally allowed the female lead character to have a spiritual “Stella’s touch”. One last opportunity for the dead to make their wishes known; and for the living to have peace.

The ending is a must-watch, but only if one watched the series from the beginning without skipping anything. It is rare to see an ending that blows the audience, and leaves a long-lasting impression. An ending deserving of the beautifully woven story of the male and female lead characters, and their relationships with their loved ones, their regrets, and their hopes.

This TV drama is a story about you and me. It is a story about the living and our dearly departed. It is a story of healing and moving on. A story of regrets and hopes. It is painful, sad, and you will definitely cry no matter how strong you may be. But in the end, it reminds us how good it is to live, and that all the pain and hardships of life we may have gone through and will go through, are nothing compared to having been loved.

May I Help You? (일당백집사)

Verdict: 10 out of 10 stars!

Music

The song I want played if my turn to leave this world comes.

We came to the world as strangers. We will leave as friends. “Goodbye, My Friend” / “Annyong My Friend” / “안녕 My Friend”.

Official trailer

OST

Start-Up PH is a 2022 Philippine drama starring Bea Alonzo, Alden Richards, Jeric Gonzales, and Yasmien Kurdi. This show is about two sisters who dream of starting the next highly successful startup company, but learn that being a successful CEO means first and foremost being human.

Synopsis

Sandbox PH is the Philippine branch of Sandbox, a fictional incubator company from Korea (from the original series). They take in people aspiring to build the next big tech company in the Philippines while learning the ropes of managing a company and developing a new product.

Tristan ‘Good Boy’ Hernandez is an intelligent, independent, and self-made investor who had a difficult past and used it to achieve remarkable success in life.

Danica ‘Dani’ Sison is a quirky dreamer with a firm determination to prove to herself and the world that she can become a CEO of her own company.

Katrina ‘Ina’ Diaz is Dani’s older sister, who lived with their mother abroad and later returned to the Philippines. Dani and Ina met again in Sandbox PH and were immediately at odds because of their life choices.

Davidson ‘Dave’ Navarro was a mathematics genius when he was young. He and his friends are newbie entrepreneurs willing to learn and take risks to fulfil their dreams.

What will happen when they all meet together in Sandbox PH? Will they come together to make their dreams a reality? Are they willing to do and learn everything to be successful in this cutthroat tech industry?

Premiere Week Performance

From the premiere episode to the fifth, the actors brought their characters to life closer to the original drama series while keeping the characters true to being Filipino. Bea Alonzo’s acting as the Filipino counterpart of Bae Suzy (배수지)’s character Seo Dal Mi (서달미) earned her the nickname the Bea Suzy of the Philippines, and I could not agree more, as Bea portrayed her character Danica ‘Dani’ Sison amazingly.

The boy next door Alden Richards is playing as Tristan ‘Good Boy’ Hernandez, the Filipino counterpart of Kim Seon Ho (김선호)’s character Han Ji Pyung (한지평). Alden was not only at par with Seon Ho (선호) in his attractive looks and charming dimples, Alden’s acting was top-notch when he captured Ji Pyung (지평) so well and translated it into a Filipino character.

Another outstanding talent who brought the show’s high ratings in its first week is Yasmien Kurdi as Katrina ‘Ina’ Diaz, the Filipino counterpart of Won In Jae (유인재), played by Kang Han Na (강한나) in the original series. Ina possessed the same fierceness and intimidating qualities of being a big sister as In Jae (인재), with the added Filipino touch of being mataray (blunt; mean; pretentious; sassy); excellent acting from Yasmien.

Premiere Week Production

When it comes to adapting a story to a local setting, it is critical to have balance. Changing everything to what is locally common can ruin the essence of the original story. There are different types of adaptations, but in this particular scenario, it was a retelling of the original story in a Philippine setting. The Philippine adaptation of Start-Up (스타트업) did not disappoint. In general, parts that should be the same remained as-is while modifying those that fit in a local context.

Premiere Week Verdict

My verdict after watching the premiere week episodes is a perfect ten (10)! I rarely watch locally produced movies and TV series these days because the plot is usually the same. If it was an adaptation, either the production was subpar or there were excessive changes. Start-Up PH is on the same level as the original series, similar to the Philippine adaptation of Descendants of the Sun (태양의 후예). I am looking forward to seeing the rest of Start-Up PH, especially how there were already hints our lead female character may choose her childhood pen pal in the end—a different choice from the original series.

Official trailer

Start-Up PH Links

• Official website
• MyDramaList: Rate and leave reviews
• IMDb: Rate and leave reviews
• Official hashtag: #StartUpPH
  • Twitter
  • Facebook

Check out my «Start-Up» review.

Extraordinary Attorney Woo (이상한 변호사 우영우) was a Korean TV drama with an autistic person as the lead character and central to the story. It depicted the challenges and prejudices faced by an autistic in Korea, in particular a lawyer.

Extraordinary Attorney Woo (이상한 변호사 우영우) was generally received by real-life autistic persons. The show and the team, in particular the lead actor Park Eun Bin (박은빈), positive reactions from both autistics and neurotypicals. I am autistic myself and my opinions about the show only represents my own, this prompted me to contact autistic people and asked them some questions about the show and autism.

Without further ado, let’s dive in!

Portrayal of autistic persons was never good. For decades autistic characters were portrayed with stereotypical traits and quirks, and usually depicted in a negative way. I asked fellow autistic persons about it.

Autistics agree and so do I.

On a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 the highest, I asked them …

Next, let’s talk about the romance between Woo Young Woo and Lee Joon Ho.

Pretty strong answer from Autistic A. In a way I agree, it is one of the stereotypes seen in other shows with an autistic character. Someone who is different gets the blame and the lack of one shifts it to gender-based blaming.

I totally agree with them. Not explaining the reasons for a break up is not an autistic thing, it is a relationship thing. This is the same with the previous question, the autistic person was blamed because she is autistic; if she was non-autistic, the audience would defend her decision and make Lee Joon Ho as the inconsiderate one in their relationship.

Extraordinary Attorney Woo (이상한 변호사 우영우) is about an autistic woman’s growth as she navigates on her own—for the first time—a world with prejudice about autism. However, an integral part of the story are the legal cases.

Check out my A Brilliant Young Mind review and «Innocent Witness» review.

Thank you to everyone who responded and participated!

When the place you call home is no longer your safe and happy place but you still hold on to the very definition of home, it is hard to escape from it even though it has become a place of abuse and misery.

Our home should be warm, full of love.

This is the topic of the latest episode of The Law Cafe (법대로 사랑하라).

There are many forms of abuse, most people assume it is physical but it can be emotional, it can be psychological. Parents shouting, for whatever reason, is abuse. Parents fighting at home, shouting at each other, throwing hurtful words, is also abuse.

This episode is a must watch. It was a heartfelt true-to-life story which hopefully will remind adults to love children.

Korean screenwriters have a fascination with time travel for the past five years or so. Korean time travel stories are commonly taken seriously by fans as hard science where time travel mechanics should be explained. Alienoid (외계+인) is a time travel adventure that is easy to follow and is a mix of science fiction and fantasy.

Synopsis

Guard (가드) (played by Kim Hyun Joong (김우빈)) is a highly advanced cyborg from a distant civilization. Together with his sidekick robot Thunder (천둥), they ensure the Paros (what the aliens call their criminals) they imprisoned on planet Earth across all times can never escape. However, time started to fracture when they brought back a baby from the past to the present.

Mu Reuk (무륵) (played by Ryu Joon Yeol (류준열)) is a Dosa (도사) who use his abilities as a bounty hunter, a profession despised by many Dosa. He learned about a bounty to find an object called divine knife with a very generous reward that can solve his financial problems.

Lee An (이안) (played by Kim Tae Ri (김태리)) was born in late Goryeo Dynasty (1374–1392). She has been searching for the divine knife for ten years and has learned how to use a gun. Her path eventually crossed with Mu Reuk (무륵) and together they fight the Paros who also want the divine knife.

Story

The story is straightforward, Guard (가드), Thunder (천둥), and Lee An (이안) must capture or eliminate the criminal aliens who have successfully taken over their human prison. If these aliens acquire the divine knife they will be able to awaken their comrades and end humanity.

Time travel was also easy to follow, though they hinted there is more to time, it is pretty much linear in this movie. Time travel was only used as a literary device to trap the protagonists and the antagonists in late Goryeo Dynasty where magic and spiritual abilities were still practiced.

Anyone looking for a fun science fantasy adventure film, Alienoid (외계+인) is the answer.

Performance

The main actors for our primary characters are all well experienced in acting. They casted actors who can deliver the kind of acting that fits who the characters are supposed to be.

We have Kim Hyun Joong (김우빈) who played Guard (가드) and the many alter ego of Thunder (천둥). Many would recognize him from his recent acting comeback in Our Blues (우리들의 블루스).

There is also Ryu Joon Yeol (류준열) who played Mu Reuk (무륵). Fans of Reply 1988 (응답하라 1988) would definitely know him.

Of course, Kim Tae Ri (김태리) as the gun-wielding martial artist, time traveler, and Goryeo-born Lee An (이안). Her recent TV drama Twenty-Five Twenty-One (스물다섯 스물하나) landed her Best Actress (여우주연상) at the 58^th Baeksang Arts Awards (제58회 백상예술대상).

I would not be surprised if their characters were written with these actors in mind before they were offered to star in this film.

Production

There are two eras in this movie: early 21^st century (2012 and 2022 Korea); and late 14^th century (1380 and 1391 Goryeo Dynasty). In both eras, they paid attention on how they use special effects and the graphics design.

In the 21^st century Korea they brought in the looks of a highly advanced technology. I love the transforming spaceship, it is similar to the Western show Team Knight Rider or the 32^nd era of Star Trek: Discovery. (When are we going to have this technology in real life?) Another thing was the armor of Guard (가드), it reminded me of the Japanese franchise Guyver (ガイバー).

In 14^th century Goryeo Dynasty they showed the architecture and designs of late Goryeo. The special effects for magic were kept simple and appropriate for the period. But what can be easily missed and misunderstood is the design and graphics for the aliens. With two vastly different eras, they opted to keep the aliens bare. I think the aliens are wearing some sort of an armor and they have not shown what they actually look like. This was a good decision as it made sure the aliens fit in both eras.

Verdict

They should have showed more fight scenes in the Goryeo era since it is the main focus of Alienoid (외계+인) part one. The fight scenes and special effects in the modern era were great but those were things commonly scene in an alien invasion story set in modern times. What makes science fantasy very exciting is seeing the interaction of … well … science and fantasy. It was a good start to bring in guns in Goryeo but they should not have stopped there.

They should also be careful with dates. Lee An (이안) was still a baby when they met her in 1380. Yet in 2022 Thunder (천둥) said she came from 646 years in the past which would be the year 1376.

For Alienoid (외계+인) part one I give it 9 out of 10 stars. It would have been an 8 if not for the performance of the three main actors and for keeping the special effects appropriate for the Goryeo Dynasty depicted in the film.

Official trailer

Alchemy of Souls (환혼) is an epic adventure of friendship, self-discovery, magic, and love. This high fantasy TV drama recently concluded its first season and dropped a very enticing season two plot.

Season 01 started and ended strong. Alchemy of Souls (환혼) was a story about two very powerful mages who can make or break the world. Two souls who tried to run away from their fate only for destiny to catch up with them. The first season was not only about magic and dark sorcery, it is a love story. A love story about ourselves, the people we care about, self-discovery, life, and yes, people we want to spend the rest of our lives with.

What is Alchemy of Souls (환혼)

Alchemy of Souls (환혼) is a Korean pantasya (ᜉᜈ᜔ᜆᜐ᜔ᜌ) about magic, love, politics, and martial arts. It was penned by the popular duo, the Hong (홍) sisters. It tells the story about two souls who were wronged in their childhood and is looking for justice and revenge. Yet there are forces greater than them that may spell doom to the nation of Dae Ho (대호), and possibly the magic users and magic itself.

Mu Deok is played by Jung So Min (정소민), a personal maid of Jang Uk. She is actually Nak Su, the most feared mage assassin and who is seeking revenge for the murder of her clan. However, after performing the alchemy of souls, she inadvertedly taken over the body of Mu Deok, who is weak and seemingly have no pathways to magic.

Meanwhile her master, Jang Uk (played by Lee Jae Wook (이재욱)) is the son of the most powerful mage in Dae Ho (대호). His magic was sealed by his father for his lineage has a dark secret. He is training under his personal maid Mu Deok—whose soul is Nak Su the assassin.

Season 01 details

• Native title: 환혼
• English title: Alchemy of Souls
• Episodes: 20
• Length: 80 min. per episode
• Network: tvN and Netflix
• Screenwriters: Hong (홍) sisters
• Director: Park Joon Hwa (박준화)

Story

The story of Alchemy of Souls (환혼) was well written and thought of. The world was also well crafted including the rules behind the magic in this universe. From a worldbuilding and writing perspective, Alchemy of Souls (환혼) is a very good setting for Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game sessions.

I only have two feedback:

1. It took long to address the missing daughter sub-plot;
2. It does not make sense for Nak Su to have not figured out who Jin Bu Yeon is or was. Is Nak Su cold-hearted? She certainly does not lack analytical skills as she has shown throughout season 01.

Overall I am impressed with the flow of the story. They jumped right into the story while they carefully introduced the characters and the world of Alchemy of Souls (환혼). Each episode was packed with important key details about the story which made audiences wanting more. Speculations and theories were written and majority, if not all, were proven incorrect by the show itself.

Performance

They all did well in their performances, however, there are four actors who deserve recognition for bringing their characters to life.

• Jung So Min (정소민) as Mu Deok (무덕). Jung So Min (정소민)’s role in the show was unique, she not only had to play as Mu Deok (무덕) but also as Jin Bu Yeon (진부연) and Nak Su (낙수).

  • As Jin Bu Yeon (진부연), Jung So Min (정소민) had to change forget everything about being Mu Deok (무덕). These two characters are total opposites. Jin Bu Yeon (진부연) was a blind priestess and heir to the Jin clan. She is stiff, wise beyond her years, and meant business.

  • As Nak Su (낙수), Jung So Min (정소민) had to show fierceness. An female assassin who would kill anyone she was ordered to. The most powerful and feared mage. A living weapon.

  • But as Mu Deok (무덕), Jung So Min (정소민) had to bring to life a female assassin who was absorbed into the physically weak body of Jin Bu Yeon (진부연) which also sealed her magic as Nak Su (낙수). She had to live as a servant while keeping her dangerous secret. She also had to show the changing nature of Mu Deok (무덕) as she discovers herself and the wonderful people and world she shunned.

  These three contrasting characters, and one going through self-discovery and building social connections she never had, is no easy task to take on. A good actor internalizes their character, and shifting to two other different characters when needed during filming can be a challenge. Yet actress Jung So Min (정소민) superbly played all three characters. She turned into a totally different character without any hint that her main character was Mu Deok (무덕).

  Jung So Min (정소민) deserves a major award for her roles and for the amazing sword fight scenes in the season finale.

• Hwang Min Hyun (황민현) as Seo Yul (서율). Actor Hwang Min Hyun (황민현) brought to life a character whose role is a handsome, genius mage, who is clueless about the little things yet have a very caring and pure heart. His acting gave his character, Seo Yul (서율), the look of someone who always analyze the situation around him. Always in deep thought yet laughs with his childhood friends.

• Yoo Joon Sang (유준상) as Park Jin (박진). Park Jin (박진)! The most hilarious character in this drama! Right in the early episodes of Alchemy of Souls (환혼), Yoo Joon Sang (유준상) already made his character unique and standout. Only a veteran actor can mix together begins serious, dumbfounded, a romantic fool, and comedic, into one. In one episode, I can not tell if he actually slipped while walking, it was so natural yet he never broke being in-character. I would not be surprised if he developed his character himself as being slow, clueless, and a romantic fool. He added that needed break from the deep seriousness of the drama at the right moment.

• Oh Na Ra (오나라) as Kim Do Ju (김도주). Then we have veteran actress Oh Na Ra (오나라) whose character is the love interest of clueless and romantic fool Park Jin (박진). While her role as Kim Do Ju (김도주) was a support character (even though she was listed as a main character) she was still an integral part of the story as she is the person who gives balance to Park Jin (박진) and Jang Uk (장욱). She was the only mother figure in the life of Jang Uk (장욱) and the lady of the Jang clan. the character of Oh Na Ra (오나라) made the audiences feel happy and sad for her. Oh Na Ra (오나라) embodied the nature of her character and gave us a way to feel what it is like to live in their world.

Production

The best way to explain this is: Alchemy of Souls (환혼) is the Lord of the Rings of Korea. The locations were beautiful and if those are real, I want to visit it and feel what it is like to live in the universe of Alchemy of Souls (환혼). They did not hold back spending on the special effects, they paid attention to the differences between magic and sorcery instead of simply creating generic or one-size-fits-all special effects.

Each scene in the entire drama were perfect, there were no exaggerations yet were not lacking. The focus of the audience stays with the characters and the unfolding story instead of being distracted by the background. It was like watching a Christopher Nolan film.

Season 01 Verdict

Alchemy of Souls (환혼) is hands-down 10 out of 10 stars. No. I am giving it 20 out of 10 stars. It is a TV drama that any fantasy genre fan must watch at least once in their life. Not much to say, it was that awesome!

Official trailer

OST

Alchemy of Souls (환혼) premiered last week on tvN and Netflix. This is the latest project by the renowned Hong sisters («Hotel del Luna» review, My Girlfriend Is A Gumiho, Hong Gil Dong).

Here is a short rundown and quick feedback about the premier of this live-action Korean pantasya (ᜉᜈ᜔ᜆᜐ᜔ᜌ).

Synopsis

Daeho is a country of magic users hidden from the world. There are four powerful clans of mages—the Jang, Seo/Heo, Park, and Jin. It is a country not in any historical records nor in any maps.

Jang Uk grew up with his magic sealed by his father. He continually searches for a master powerful enough to break the seal and teach him magic, magic that is rightfully his, until his path crossed with Mu Deok.

Mu Deok is Jang Uk’s new personal maid who has a deep secret, her body was taken over by Nak Su, the most feared mage assassin, after performing the alchemy of souls—the most forbidden of all dark art spells.

Together, they embark on a fantastical journey of magic, romance, and survival in a country filled with politics, dark magic, and martial arts.

What is Alchemy of Souls (환혼)

Alchemy of Souls (환혼) is a Korean pantasya (ᜉᜈ᜔ᜆᜐ᜔ᜌ) about magic, love, politics, and martial arts. It was penned by the popular duo, the Hong sisters. It tells the story about two souls who were wronged in their childhood and is looking for justice and revenge. Yet there are forces greater than them that may spell doom to the nation of Daeho, and possibly the magic users and magic itself.

Mu Deok is played by Jung So Min (정소민), a personal maid of Jang Uk. She is actually Nak Su, the most feared mage assassin and who is seeking revenge for the murder of her clan. However, after performing the alchemy of souls, she inadvertently taken over the body of Mu Deok, who is weak and seemingly have no pathways to magic.

Meanwhile her master, Jang Uk (played by Lee Jae Wook (이재욱)) is the son of the most powerful mage in Daeho. His magic was sealed by his father for his lineage has a dark secret. He is training under his personal maid Mu Deok—whose soul is Nak Su the assassin.

Show details

• Native title: 환혼
• English title: Alchemy of Souls
• Episodes: 20
• Length: 80 min. per episode
• Network: tvN and Netflix
• Screenwriters: Hong sisters
• Director: Park Joon Hwa (박준화)

The Four Clans

There are four powerful mage clans in Daeho. Each have promising young mages who may one day become very powerful and rule the nation, they are also known as the Four Seasons of Daeho for their unmatched beauty.

Jang clan

1. Jang Kang
   • The current head of Cheonbugwan (천부관).
   • The father of Jang Uk.
   • Highly respected and powerful mage.
   • Secretly knows the forbidden dark magic spell alchemy of souls.
   • Left the nation to study after sealing his son’s magic.
2. Jang Uk
   • Actor: Lee Jae Wook (이재욱)
   • One of the Four Seasons of Daeho.
     • As dazzling as the Winter snow.
   • Secretly training under Mu Deok (Nak Su the assassin).
   • Successor of Jang Kang if he can unsheath his father’s mage sword.

Seo/Heo clan

1. Heo Yeom
   • The current head of Sejukwon (세주원).
2. Queen Seo Ha Sun
   • The aunt of Seo Yul.
3. Seo Yul
   • Actor: Hwang Min Hyun (황민현)
   • One of the Four Seasons of Daeho.
     • As noble as the sunset in Fall.
   • The crush of Nak Su (Mu Deok).
   • Cousin of Crown Prince Go Won (played by Shin Seung Ho (신승호)).

Park clan

1. Park Jin
   • The current head of Songrim (송림).
   • The uncle of Park Dang Gu.
2. Park Dang Gu
   • Actor: Yoo In Soo (유인수)
   • One of the Four Seasons of Daeho.
     • The energy of a hot Summer.
   • Successor of Park Jin.

Jin clan

1. Jin Ho Kyung
   • The current head of Jinyowon (진여원).
   • Mother of Jin Cho Yeon.
   • Half-sister of Jin Moo.
2. Jin Moo
   • Temporary head of Cheonbugwan (천부관) in the absence of Jang Kang.
   • Was trained to cast the dark magic spell alchemy of souls by Jang Kang.
   • Former student of Jang Kang.
   • Leader of the assassins.
   • Trained Nak Su (Mu Deok) to be an assassin.
   • Planning to take over Cheonbugwan (천부관).
3. Jin Cho Yeon
   • Actor: Choi Ye Won (최예원)
   • One of the Four Seasons of Daeho.
     • The vitality of Spring.
   • Was betrothed to Jang Uk but he cancelled the wedding.

Production

In the first two episodes, the production team and the cast has proven that Alchemy of Souls (환혼) is not an ordinary East Asian fantasy live-action show. The performance of the actors was above and beyond, surpassing all fantasy and period dramas in any country. The background music was chosen perfectly to bring in the spirit of a fantasy adventure usually seen only in video games. The set is also amazing. They brought out the best of East Asian art without sacrificing the feeling of how grand and majestic this secret nation of magic users.

Alchemy of Souls (환혼) is Dungeons & Dragons meets East Asian high fantasy. What is a grand city with huge walls, busy scenes, and CGI effects if the characters are shallow and the story is all over the place? This Asian high fantasy is a live-action show with depth of story, character development, solid background/history, simplicity in design yet with strong visuals, qualities missing in many Western high fantasy live-action films and TV series.

Looking for a true live-action high fantasy? Look no further, Alchemy of Souls (환혼) is what fans all over the world are waiting for.

Official trailer

The Filipino people are known for finding laughter out of painful stories and experiences. Filipinos do not tone down or dismiss a painful or sad story but it is in their culture to uplift each other and to smile despite what one is going through. What happens when this culture encounters a painful and sad Korean drama story?

The Philippines is one of the first overseas country where Korean dramas became popular. Not counting the 1990s Korean dramas, Il Mare (시월애) (2000), My Sassy Girl (엽기적인 그녀) (2001), Winter Sonata (겨울연가) (2002), Jewel in the Palace (대장금) (2003), Stairway to Heaven (천국의 계단) (2003), were very popular in the archipelago nation of more than 100 million citizens. Korean dramas were so popular that some titles were locally adapted and it dethroned Latin American dramas off the airwaves.

It is no surprise that the Filipino culture is reflected in Korean drama memes. One such example is the break up of Woo Young Woo (우영우) and Lee Joon Ho (이준호) in Extraordinary Attorney Woo (이상한 변호사 우영우) (2022). The break up in the series was felt by many fans of the Whale Couple, many fans were able to relate to it when they too once experienced it.

This led to various cool memes about the Whale Couple. Check out a select few below!

The Wish 107.5 Bus LIVE performances

Filipinos love music. It does not matter it is in a different language, music is music for Filipinos. If one has a message to send, or have emotions to release, singing is the best way to do it.

Here are the memes based on the popular Wish 107.5 Bus where singers and musicians can perform live on location.

When your ex-boyfriend or ex-girlfriend moves on …

Where do broken hearts go?

Is there really no chance to get back together?

Fan OST: Whale Soundtrack

Anj Alfieri from the HallyuStyle Philippines Facebook group created a witty OST list called Whale Soundtrack.

If you want to listen to the soundtrack, here is a Spotify playlist based on Anj Alfieri’s list above.

Whale Couple short film

That was it, right? No. There is also a film entitled All Too Whale: The Short Film.

Always smile and laugh! It is the best medicine. Have a wonderful day!

It is rare to see a movie or a TV series with a proper portrayal of autism. More often than not an autistic character exist in a story because an autistic trait or quirk is used as a plot device, the autistic character was simply a tool to advance a story. Innocent Witness (증인) is different. It introduces the audience to the world of autistics and exposes the discrimination and prejudices of society, most especially from adults who considers themselves normal and supposedly know better.

Synopsis

Im Ji Woo (임지우) (played by Kim Hyang Gi (김향기)) is an autistic middle school (Grades 7-9) girl. One night after her school, she witnessed a crime across the street from her room.

Yang Soon Ho (양순호) (played by Jung Woo Sung (정우성)) was assigned to defend a murder suspect. All evidence points against his client and he believes her story that she is innocent. The only way to win the case was to discredit the sole witness.

Can defense attorney Yang Soon Ho (양순호) prove the innocence of his client by discrediting an autistic teenage girl? Or, is Im Ji Woo (임지우) telling the truth and knows far more than what the prosecution camp was able to gather?

Story

Approaching this movie as a story about crime and mystery would be a disappointment as it has a straightforward plot. That said, it is clear this movie is not about solving the mystery behind the crime rather about the relationship between a defense attorney and an autistic teenage girl who witnessed a crime.

It is a look into autism and how autistic credibility in courts are often challenged because of the many discrimination and prejudice about autism and autistic people. Having a correct mindset will unlock the profound message Innocent Witness (증인) has to offer.

Performance

Kim Hyang Gi (김향기) started as a Korean child actress. She has appeared in numerous films (s. 2006) and TV series (s. 2007), this experience no doubt helped her portray an autistic teenage girl. While the particular autistic traits and quirks she had to act were fewer than in real life, she was able to bring it to the big screen without any awkwardness or mistakes. The emotional struggles, the challenge in communication, sensory overload, and autistic meltdown, she portrayed it all perfectly.

Veteran actor Jung Woo Sung (정우성) did well as an attorney who had no knowledge of autism, who later saw the beauty and talents of an autistic person. He was able to portray a neurotypical person, and a lawyer at that, who will use a person’s condition to discredit their testinomy and win a case, to a neurotypical person who found the error of their ways and chose to take the path to the light. He was able to show that we are all humans, we make mistakes, we have prejudices, and all it takes is opening our eyes and making the effort to reach out and communicate.

Production

The production was good. They showed the room of our autistic teenage girl witness, nothing stereotypical, pretty much ordinary but at the same time have the support she needed. I love how the support she need, a little house/tent was shown, something I can relate well. But what I love the most were the scenes of the world through the eyes of our autistic girl character. Well done on this one even though it was just for a minute or so.

Autistic masking: Pretending to be normal

This is a sad reality for us autistics. We are forced to mask, to pretend to be normal, so neurotypicals will not discriminate against us, will not judge us, will not whisper behind our backs. We have to pretend to be normal so we are treated equally and fairly; so we are treated as human beings, and not as second class citizens or less than human.

As a neurotypical (non-autistic), can you imagine yourself living this way your entire life?

Clarifications

This is true. We do pay attention and we remember. However, it does not mean we all have photographic memories or that we will be able to respond … at all. If an autistic is focused intently on something, there is a higher chance external inputs will never get processed. For example, in my case, I would hear it but I won’t be able to process it if I am hyper focused on whatever I am doing at that moment; the chance of me responding gets slimmer as time ticks by.

This is a misunderstanding based on old studies. Autistics can lie, it is just that we hate lies and avoid it at all costs. Masking ourselves is a form of a lie neurotypicals call a white lie. We do not have a choice in it because if we do not mask, we are discriminated, looked down upon, and we hear whispers and judgements from neurotypicals. We will also lie if it means protecting the people we love. We hate it. We will struggle with it. It will drain us. It can also lead to a meltdown for some autistics.

Verdict

Innocent Witness (증인) is a story of a young autistic teenage girl who wants to live like everybody else and have dreams like anybody else. An autistic girl who fights for what is right and the truth despite the ridicules and judgement she may receive from people who call themselves normal.

The good production, excellent performances from the actors, a well-written script, and good portrayal of an autistic person, makes this a good introduction to what autism is and who autistic people are. While it does not mean all autistics are like Im Ji Woo (임지우) it still gives an insight to what autistics face on a daily basis and how challenging–and degrading it is when neurotypicals (non-autistics) dismiss and judge us.

All things considered, it deserves a perfect ten (10) from me, YourOnly.One.

Official trailer

There is an on-going show entitled Extraordinary Attorney Woo (이상한 변호사 우영우) which tackles the challenges, discrimination, prejudices, and stigma autistics face on a daily basis. However, it is not possible for them to touch on every single topic, it is not a documentary after all.

How else can we let neurotypicals understand autistics? Social media, social networks. Here is one such important thread, a discussion about what a real autism acceptance is.

Earlier today, Callum Stephen shared his experience on being openly autistic and how he realized that many are not actually accepting him as autistic rather it was only a conditional tolerance.

What does it mean to be openly autistic?

Being openly autistic means an autistic has decided to drop their masks and just be who they are openly. No more hiding. No more pretending to be a neurotypical. No more trying to conform to what is socially accepted by neurotypicals. Openly autistic is being who you are, an autistic.

To quote Haley Moss, Florida’s First Openly Autistic Attorney:

Is there a non-openly autistic?

Yes. This is the, sadly, default for majority of autistics. Autistics learn to mask and create different versions of themselves to blend in, to fit in, to be accepted in society. For the past years, more people are coming out that they are autistic. This is not easy considering how there are discrimination, prejudices, and stigma about autism and autistic.

Even in a private workplace, in some countries they can get benefits from it too, autistics do not disclose it (if possible) because it is scary to share this information. The main issue? Acceptance.

What is real autism acceptance?

Thalassophile had an epiphany:

If ableism is a new word for you, the Oxford Languages described it as discrimination in favour of able-bodied people.

Josh Susser shared something very important:

And here is Callum Stephen’s reply:

Mandie also has this to say:

I hear an argument that there are a lot of people who are accepting of autistics. There are almost 8 billion people in the world and it can not be “very few”, right?

A good logic. But consider this, if 10% of that almost 8 billion world population are accepting of autistics where are they concentrated? Let’s assume 10% are accepting of autistics, 10% of 8 billion is 800,000,000, correct? In 2020:

• China’s population was at 1.402 billion
• India’s population was 1.38 billion
• The United States of America had 329.5 million people
• Japan have 125.8 million people
• The Philippines had 109.6 million
• While South Korea was at 51.78 million
• And Israel at 9.217 million

We know for a fact that awareness about autistic is very minimal in our respective countries. Awareness is one thing, knowledge and understanding is totally another.

So, where are the 800 million people who are accepting of autistics? Spread far and wide … thin. A portion is probably in areas where there is a strong autism awareness and autism acceptance programs. The rest? Here and there. Consider also the probability of encountering these accepting individuals. How frequent? Are they in the workplace an autistic is employed? What is their rank in the office hierarchy? How about in public transportations?

If we look at it from a correct perspective and context, yes, there are indeed very few neurotypicals who accept autistics for who they are, an autistic.

What is the autistic way of doing things?

This is a very good question asked by Lunaria:

Kent Geek gave a good example:

I can relate to that myself. There was one time when an employer wanted to give me an award and they want me to attend a corporate event to receive it. I told them I do not want to, someone can just receive it on my behalf. For me, it takes a lot of preparation to attend events. At that time, there were many things going on in my life there simply was no time to prepare myself to attend such an occassion.

I have to prioritise where I spend my energy on, and that time the event and the award was not worth it. I do appreciate and am thankful for it; and I have attended corporate events before. What neurotypicals does not see is the mental preparation required.

Think of it this way: an autistic who is not good at socializing, is drained by noises (loud at that), the crowd (and proximity), and so many other things happening, is going to attend a social function with all of the things that person dreads. Even if an autistic prepared for it in advance, it does not mean we have enough energy to keep ourselves afloat or functioning. Some of us do things no one notice to extend our stay just to be socially acceptable and not considered rude or a killjoy. But deep inside, we want to bolt … now now now.

In closing

This is what real autism acceptance means. Accpeting autistics for who they are without any conditions and expectations, and not because one is simply tolerating the traits and quirks of an autistic.

Do we enjoy hiding ourselves? Do we enjoy regularly keeping our masks on and keeping track of which mask is appropriate for a given situation? No and no. It is draining. It is lying to ourselves. It is not right. But many of us are not openly autistic, are not disclosing we are autistic, because of the discrimination, prejudices, and stigma about autistics and autism to this very day.

There are also a lot of undiagnosed and suspected autistics but they do not want to get a diagnosis for the exact same reasons, some of them need support or need to understand why they kept on doing things people are telling them as “childish” or “rude”. Because of the discrimination, prejudices, and stigma, they do not want to have anything to do with autism, or any psychological evaluation for that matter.

We are halfway through 2022. Let’s change this. If you are a neurotypical reading this, let’s help each other. Learn more about autism through the eyes of autistics. If you hear people making jokes about autism, or something autistic, or any other disorder, tell them it is not a matter for them to make jokes. Simple yet it can make an impact.

The latest announcement from HYBE and Source Music is the official name of their latest K-pop idol girl group: Le Sserafim (르세라핌). K-pop idol fans, and K-pop fans in general, is divided over the name. Some claim it is not pronouncable while others say it means nothing.

An idol group’s name is very important in the idol industry. It will be their identity, and their image and themes will revolve around their name. In addition, it should be catchy, meaningful, and easily remembered, after all, the objective in the idol industry is to sell an image, with songs and dances only coming second.

Having a name Le Sserafim, is at first, confusing and does not make sense for those not familiar with serafim. What is it? What does it mean? How is it pronounced? Why is it special than any other names they could have chosen?

To understand why Le Sserafim is the most appropriate name for the group, it is important to look at its etymology, the meaning behind it, and what it is about.

Origin of the name Le Sserafim

HYBE and Source Music first teased about their new girl group with their motto IM Fearless on March 25, 2022. On March 28, 2022, they revealed that their motto is an anagram of the group’s name: Le Sserafim.

After the announcement of the group’s name, the talent agencies revealed that Le Sserafim will be composed of six members. A Japanese, a Dutch, a Korean-American, and four Koreans. ¹ They are scheduled to debut in May 2022.

But what is their name about?

What is Le Sserafim?

Short answer: The Seraphim!

Here are the reasons why:

Etymology

1. The group’s name, Le Sserafim, is a play on the French word les sérafim which is the seraphim in English. The group’s motto IM Fearless is an anagram of both the Hangugeo le sserafim and the French les sérafim.

2. The group’s name is written in Kana as ル セラフィム (Ru Serafimu); Sserafim is セラフィム (serafimu).

3. Le Sserafim is written in Hangul as 르세라핌. The Sserafim in the group’s name is written as 세라핌 which is romanised as selafim or serafim.

4. The Hangugeo word 세라핌 (selafim/serafim), the Nihongo word セラフィム (serafimu), the French word sérafim, and the Latin word seraphim, all originated from the Hebrew word שרפים (serafim), the plural form of שרף (saraf).

Why Le Sserafim?

It is in the name.

What is a serafim?

1. In Abrahamic faiths a seraphim closely resemble humans but with six wings. They primary guard the throne of God and regularly declare his eternal holiness and goodness. They also purify those who seeks an audience with Him who sits on the throne, that they may not die from His immense holiness and purity.

   • Their first pair of wings is used to cover their face and upper body.
   • The second pair of wings is used to cover their lower body, legs, and feet.
   • The third pair of wings is used to fly.
   • Because of the eternal holiness and pureness of God, and their proximity to His throne, they cover themselves as an act of humility and reverence.

2. In other angelology circles, a seraphim is the highest order of angelic beings, followed by the more popular order, the cherubim.

   • As they use fire to purify those who seeks an audience with the one who sits on the throne, they are associated with the colour red in literature.

They are Le Sserafim

Because:

• One seraphim, six wings. Six members, one unit: Le Sserafim (The Seraphim)
• The members were purified by fire
  • Miyawaki Sakura (宮脇咲良 / みやわきさくら; 미야와키 사쿠라)
    • Former member of HKT48 (vice captain of Team KIV) and IZ*ONE
    • Singer, songwriter, actress, and model
    • Former contestant in Produce 48
  • Kim Chae Won (김채원)
    • Former member of IZ*ONE
    • Singer, songwriter, and dancer
    • Former contestant in Produce 48
  • Heo Yun Jin (허윤진)
    • Trained opera singer
    • Can speak English
    • Former contestant in Produce 48

The group’s theme will revolve around their name Le Sserafim and their motto IM Fearless. As the seraphim is the highest order of angelic beings, these angelic ladies will prove they are the highest ranking girl group globally. Le Sserafim will fly high and reach heights where no other Asian idol girl group ever reached.

Do you love attending conventions? Do you collect merchandise of products you like? Are you into music? Of course, right? There is a new convention in town for Pinoy Pop music fans … PPOPCON!

There is no longer any doubt that P-pop, or Pinoy Popular music, is having a major resurgence. Filipinos both locally and abroad are rallying behind P-pop acts in a way never before seen in P-pop’s decades-long history—fandoms, merchandise, data fandom, and now conventions.

The Philippines is not alien to conventions, the country hosted international conventions in the past. However, this is the first time a convention is held for music fans. As with most regular concerts, it is all about the celebrities but in a convention, it is about the fans and their dreams.

Welcome the first ever Pinoy pop convention, PPOPCON, where we celebrate Pinoy music and recognize the importance of those that keeps the industry alive—you and me.

What is PPOPCON?

The 2022 PPOPCON, catchy phrase for Pinoy Pop Convention, is a 2-day hybrid event happening from the 9th to the 10th of April. There will be fan activities, highly sought after merchandise, fan booths, games, and a concert. ¹

There are two venues for this year’s PPOPCON:

Convention venue: New Frontier Theater

The first venue is at the New Frontier Theater located at Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo Avenue, Araneta Center, Cubao, Quezon City, Philippines. It is connected to Gateway Mall which will make it easy for attendees coming from the Blue Line (f. LRT-2) Araneta Cubao Station. While those coming from the Yellow Line (f. MRT-3) Araneta Cubao Station can use the bridgeway via Farmers Plaza then to Gateway Mall to reach New Frontier Theater.

• When: April 9, 2022 from 10:00 PHT to 20:00 PHT; and April 10, 2022 from 10:00 PHT to 21:00 PHT
• What:
  • Performances, confirmed as of 2022-03-23 20:20:20 PHT:
    • Calista
    • Daydream
    • Dione
    • G22 (ᜄ᜔22)
    • Kaia (ᜃᜌ)
    • Ppop Generation
    • R Rules (ᜇ᜔ Rules)
    • Ver5us — update: will no longer be able to join due to schedule conflict ²
    • Vxon
    • Yara (ᜌᜇ) — update: will no longer be able to participate due to conflict in schedule ³
  • Merchandise
  • Fan booths
    • A’tin (ᜀ᜵ᜆᜒᜈ᜔)
    • Aces
    • Allies
    • Blooms
    • Bullets
    • Dreamers
    • For.One
    • Genatics
    • Kaia Stans (ᜃᜌ Stans)
    • Magiliw (ᜋᜄᜒᜎᜒᜏ᜔)
    • MNLoves (ᜋ᜔ᜈ᜔Loves)
    • Pearls
    • Vixies
  • Games
  • and more surprises

Artist performances will be held on the first day only, April 9th.

Concert venue: Araneta Coliseum

The second venue is Araneta Coliseum for the concert on the second day. It is located at Araneta City, Cubao, Quezon City, Philippines. Attendees coming from the Blue Line (f. LRT-2) and Yellow Line (f. MRT-3) Araneta Cubao Stations can use the bridgeway via Gateway Mall and Farmers Plaza respectively.

• When: April 10, 2022 from 15:00 PHT to 19:00 PHT
• What: Concerts
  • 1st.One
  • 4th Impact
  • Alamat / ᜀᜎᜋᜆ᜔
  • BGYO (ᜊ᜔ᜄ᜔ᜌ᜔ᜂ)
  • Bini (ᜊᜒᜈᜒ)
  • MNL48 (ᜋ᜔ᜈ᜔ᜎ᜔48)
  • Press Hit Play (PHP / ᜉ᜔ᜑ᜔ᜉ᜔)
  • SB19 (ᜐ᜔ᜊ᜔19)
• Bonus: Opening performances from
  • Kaia (ᜃᜌ)
  • Vxon
• Extra: fan activities

Buy Tickets Today

Convention ticket price

Here are the details for the convention tickets:

• ₱1,000.00 (U$19.09)
  • 2-day pass
  • fast lane
  • lounge access
• ₱650.00 (U$12.41)
  • 2-day pass

Ticket for the convention is now available via Ticketnet Online: 2022 PPOPCON Convention Ticket Sales.

₱1.00 = U$0.019 based on 2022-03-11 22:01 UTC exchange rate, and used only for International context.

NEW: 1-day Convention Tickets

• ₱500 (U$9.70)
  • April 9, 2022 only
• ₱250 (U$4.85)
  • April 10, 2022 only

Limited tickets only!

₱1.00 = U$0.019 based on 2022-04-02 08:53 UTC exchange rate, and used only for International context.

Concert ticket price and benefits

Tickets for the 2022 PPOPCON is available at Ticketnet outlets (SM Malls, Fisher Mall, Eastwood Mall, and Robinson’s Galleria Department Store), Ticketnet Box Office at the Araneta Coliseum yellow gate, and at UGF, Gateway Mall activity area.

Tickets can also be bought online via Ticketnet Online: 2022 PPOPCON Concert Ticket Sales and 2022 PPOPCON Concert Streaming Ticket Sales. For provincial and International ticket reservation see: 2022 PPOPCON (APRIL 10,2022) Provincial and International Ticket Reservation.

• Online (regular): ₱900.00 (U$17.18)
• Online (special/VIP): ₱1,500.00 (U$28.63)
  • Live soundcheck access
• General admission: ₱1,000.00 (U$19.09)
  • Free seating
• Upper box: ₱2,000.00 (U$38.18)
  • Automatically assigned best available seat
• Lower box: ₱3,000.00 (U$57.27)
  • Automatically assigned best available seat
• Patron B: ₱4,000.00 (U$76.36)
  • Automatically assigned best available seat
  • PPOP merch: Sponge fan light
• Patron A: ₱4,500.00 (U$85.90)
  • Automatically assigned best available seat
  • PPOP merch: Sponge fan light
  • Raffle Ticket: for a chance to join the VIPs for the live soundcheck portion of the concert
• VIP: ₱5,500.00 (U$104.99)
  • Automatically assigned best available seat
  • PPOP merch: Sponge fan light
  • Live soundcheck access
  • VIP ID pass / VIP fast lane

Prices are exclusive of ticketing service charge.

Yes, there is an online viewing option. The online regular ticket, which is available for only ₱900.00 (U$17.18), will grant access for the concert proper from 15:00 PHT to 19:00 PHT. The online special or online VIP ticket for ₱1,500.00 (U$28.63) will give access to the live soundcheck which will start by 13:00 PHT.

VIP ticket holders are also entitled to watch the live soundcheck at 13:00 PHT. They will be allowed to enter the venue by 12:00 PHT. As this is an exclusive access for both VIP and online VIP ticket holders, videos will not be allowed during the live soundcheck.

₱1.00 = U$0.019 based on 2022-03-11 22:01 UTC exchange rate, and used only for International context.

Additional information

Before storming the venue, especially the concert, make sure to read the health and safety guidelines put forth by the organizers and management of the venues. The virus known as SARS-CoV-2 and the disease it produces known as COVID-19 is still a health issue.

There are also rules to be followed on the use of venues, like the Araneta Coliseum, which should be observed. These were put in place for a reason and should be respected.

Lastly, as a reminder, clean after yourselves. Let us be responsible fans if we want to see another PPOPCON or any other P-pop related events.

Here the official links for more information:

• Official website: 2022 PPOPCON
• Instagram: PPOPCONVENTION
• Facebook Page: PPOP Convention
• Twitter: PPOPCON

See you there!

The trillion-peso questions are: when was the beginning of the P-pop idol industry, and who was the first P-pop idol?

To know when the P-pop idol industry started it is important to first define what an idol is.

What is an idol?

Music idols are generally 12–25 year old entertainers marketed for their visual aesthetics and personality. They are given intensive training in singing and dancing usually for twelve to twenty-four months, sometimes longer. Idols are expected to keep a healthy relationship with their fans and to grow with them through the years.

Idols are beautiful, pure, and multitalented

1933 Japan: Matsuko Ashita (あした まつこ / 明日 待子) became the very first music idol in history. She was a theater actress with a captivating smile, unmatched beauty and immense cuteness, a good dancer and singer, a model, and a natural entertainer.

Idols are an ideal person one wants to be and as such are expected to be perfect in many ways. They should be beautiful specimens, have an aura of innocence and purity, be cute or cool, and demonstrate various talents. They are more than entertainers, they represent the dreams of every person.

Idols undergo a trainee program

1962 Japan: Johnny Kitagawa (ジャニー喜多川) developed the very first idol trainee system. Through it his company, Johnny & Associates (株式会社ジャニーズ事務所), produced many of the first idol groups in the world.

1996 South Korea: SM Entertainment (SM 엔터테인먼트) founder, Lee Soo Man (이수만), brought the Japanese idol trainee system in Korea. Through Korea’s cultural technology, an adaptation of the Japanese idol trainee system, the K-pop idol industry achieved global status in a short amount of time.

An idol trainee program is an intensive training in singing while dancing an incredibly synchronized choreography. It sometimes include training in social skills, how to act and answer in interviews and variety shows, learning new languages, and specialized skills. It also serves as a chance for the idol to master their craft.

Talent search competitions are also a common method in discovering those with hidden talents and have the potential to become huge idols. Idols discovered through a talent search competition usually debut early all the while going through the training system. They already have fans they can share their growth with—from an unpolished talent to a dream idol.

Defining an idol

Idols are not idols because of their clothing style, color choices, music genre, dance routines, or because they released music videos and did fan signing events—these are marketing strategies. Idols are idols because of who they are, the image they portray, and how they represent their culture. A talent agency can have all the best concepts, catchy songs, and the best dance choreographies, but if a potential idol have an image which is not within the dreams of their target market, there is no idol.

With these in mind, an idol—solo or group—should have these characteristics:

• Appearance: beautiful and handsome
• Character:
  • wholesome image
  • keeps their personal lives and opinions private
  • innocent and pure
  • cute or cool
  • approachable and friendly person
  • an inspiration
  • a role model
• Multitalented entertainer and performer
  • a singer
  • a dancer
  • can act
  • can host
  • comedic ¹
• Dance routines
  • formation changes
  • point choreography
• Represents the best and positive about their nation and culture, and their target market

Idol groups

There are additional characteristics for groups to be considered an idol. These are:

• Each member have a unique character and personality
• Members usually have a role to play in the group
  • leader
  • center
  • strong visuals and cuteness/coolness
  • lead vocals
  • main vocals
  • sub-vocals
  • lead dancer
  • main dancer
• Members with specializations showcase their talents
  • vocalizations
  • hip hop / rapping
  • breakdancing
  • hosting
  • acting
• Members usually have a solo or duo part in a song

This format is seen in Japanese idol groups like Morning Musume (モーニング娘 / Mōningu Musume) ^{2 3} and Onyanko Club (おニャン子クラブ / Onyanko Kurabu) ⁴; in Korean idol groups like 2NE1 (투애니원) ^{5 6} and Girls’ Generation (소녀시대 / So Nyeo Shi Dae (SNSD)) ^{7 8}; and in Pinoy idol groups like Alamat (ᜀᜎᜋᜆ᜔) ⁹, Bini (ᜊᜒᜈᜒ) ¹⁰, MNL48 (ᜋ᜔ᜈ᜔ᜎ᜔48) ¹¹, and UGG (ᜂᜄ᜔ᜄ᜔ / U Go Girls) ¹².

What is the P-pop idol image and industry?

The P-pop idol image is not new but as an industry it is. Think of Matsuko Ashita (あした まつこ / 明日 待子), she was only considered a J-pop idol decades after the trainee system was developed and the word idol was coined. In her time she was simply called an actress, a singer, and a star.

The P-pop idol image and industry are no different. The Philippines already had a P-pop idol five years before the P-pop idol industry was established.

Who was the first P-pop idol?

The trillion-peso questions are: when did the P-pop idol industry start, and who was the first P-pop idol? With the limited information publicly available for P-pop acts, it is no wonder these questions remain unanswered. Even so, based on the established criteria mentioned earlier, it is possible to identify the first idols in P-pop history.

First solo female P-pop idol

The earliest act—that passed the established criteria of an idol—was in 2004. She is widely known as projecting a wholesome image, cute, pure, friendly, an inspiration to many, and a very good role model for teenagers. She was dubbed as the Pambansang Krung-krung (ᜉᜋ᜔ᜊᜈ᜔ᜐᜅ᜔ ᜃᜓᜇᜓᜅ᜔ᜃᜓᜇᜓᜅ᜔ / Nation’s Crazy Personality). Sandara described it as unique, cute, and crazy ¹³. She is none other than Sandara Park (박산다라).

Sandara Park (박산다라) was the first runner-up in ABS-CBN’s Star Circle Quest in 2004. She made her singing debut that same year with the release of her eponymous album which sold more than 100,000 physical copies. It was certified platinum by the Philippines Association of the Record Industry. Her single In or Out was a mega dance hit, played in major radio stations and heard in homes and parties. In an interview with Manila Bulletin, Sandara recalled how her fans sang her single with her during her promotional tour all over the Philippines. ¹⁴

While Sandara (산다라) is pure Korean, her songs were composed by Filipinos. In What is the difference between P-pop and OPM, P-pop, or Pinoy Popular music, was defined as all music composed or performed by a Filipino. It is simply another term for the entirety of Pinoy music regardless if the music is mainstream, indie, underground, from Filipinos abroad, or was performed by a foreigner.

Sandara (산다라) is the first P-pop idol.

First P-pop idol girl group

The title for the first P-pop idol girl group goes to Pop Girls, they debuted on December 13, 2009 with their song Crazy Crazy. While Pop Girls was inspired by North American and English girl groups, they passed the criteria of an Asian idol girl group.

Pop Girls started with members Jaliah and Mariam Baustria (Filipino-Lebanese twins), Shy Carlos (Filipino-Swiss), Rose Van Ginkel (Filipino-Dutch), and Nadine Lustre. They released studio albums and digital singles; and members graduated and new members joined. They had promotional tours and appeared on shows, until all the members graduated on April 12, 2017 after the release of their farewell song Prinsesa (ᜉᜒᜇᜒᜈ᜔ᜐᜒᜐ).

First P-pop idol boy group

In March 17, 2010, the Philippines saw its first P-pop idol boy group in XLR8. XLR8 was an 8-member idol boy group with members Arkin del Rosario, Carlo Lazerna, identical twins Meljohn and Melmar Magno, AJ Muhlach, Kiko Ramos, Caleb Santos, and Hideaki Torio. They regularly performed in GMA 7’s variety show, Party Pilipinas. They had one studio album (certified gold), two singles and music videos, won the Most Promising Recording/Performing Group of 2011 from the GMMSF Box-Office Entertainment Awards, and three concerts under their belt, before they went their separate ways.

First P-pop idol co-ed group

P-pop co-ed groups are not new in the Philippines, there were the immensely popular co-ed groups Smokey Mountain from 1989 to 1995—whose songs can still be heard to this day—and the young teens known as Sugarpop from 2006 to 2009. Though, the title of the first P-pop idol co-ed group goes to RPM.

RPM (ᜇ᜔ᜉ᜔ᜋ᜔), or Real Pinoy Music, was a 7-member P-pop idol co-ed group that debuted on April 21, 2010. The group was made up of Pio Balbuena, Yanna Garcia, Anna Luna, Samantha Page, Chris Salcedo, Carl Trazo, and Vince Yap.

In closing

The P-pop idol image started in 2004, however, it was not until mid December 2009 when the P-pop idol industry itself was established. Since then the country had seen debuts of P-pop idol groups one after another, firmly marking it as the beginning of the P-pop idol industry.

Bonus: The 1st generation of P-pop idols

To properly identify the P-pop idol generations, it is important to define what and how long a generation is. Jane Pilcher has this to say:

As Jane Pilcher said, we describe those who grew up in, say, the 1960s, as belonging to ’the sixties generation’. This is a good basis because it is fixed to ten calendar years. For this reason, the 1st generation of P-pop idols cover debuts from 2010–2019.

Since Pop Girls had their debut 19 days before 2010, and they were the first P-pop idol to debut since 2004, a minor exception can be made. While the 1st generation of P-pop idols is still from 2010–2019, Pop Girls are included even though they debuted a few days before the turn of the year.

Immediately after the end date of the 1st generation is the beginning of the 2nd generation of P-pop idols. This current generation of P-pop idols cover debuts from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2029.

Bonus: The 2nd generation of P-pop idols

Think of P-pop idol generations as a person. Its first ten years were its days as a young kid. It had no idea of the world and was simply experimenting and learning from its environment. Accussations were thrown of being a copycat—exactly like how kids are. Idols have come and gone. But after going through with it all, like a young kid, the teenage years arrived.

The next ten years is a crucial period in a person’s growth. It is when a person learns the most and is easily molded. It is when a person starts to find its identity in the world, why he or she exists, their purpose in life. In the same way that the P-pop idol 2nd generation is the critical ten years of the industry.

This is an opportunity for the idols, the fans, and the nation itself, to mold the P-pop idol industry into its own Filipino brand it can be proud of. A chance to make it standout and be uniquely different from its counterparts in Japan and Korea. If the J-pop idol industry is primarily about young cute girls and handsome cool boys; and the K-pop idol industry is all about being a commercial product than being about the whole experience …

What is the identity of the P-pop idol industry? Two years into the P-pop idol 2nd generation and the first of these unique features are starting to show up, even on the marketing side. But this is a topic for another day.

It is 2022, there are less than 7 years left for Filipinos to shape and give an identity to its own P-pop idol industry. Let’s make it count!

Bonus: The Modern P-pop Generations

The P-pop idol generations should not be confused with the modern P-pop generations. This will be the topic of the next article in this series. Simply put it refers to all P-pop acts regardless if they are considered an idol or not.

Here are the generations of modern P-pop:

• 1st Generation of Modern P-pop (1990–1999)
• 2nd Generation of Modern P-pop (2000–2009)
• 3rd Generation of Modern P-pop (2010–2019)
• 4th Generation of Modern P-pop (2020–2029)