2.       What is deviance? Is it good or bad? Is it the same in every culture? Deviance is defined as anything that is different. It occurs when mores or laws are broken. It is a method of social control. Deviance is not the same in every culture.

3.       What is meant by ‘white collar crime’? Give an example.  White collar crimes are crimes that are committed by people with wealth and power. These crimes are rarely ever tracked down. An example of a white collar crime is embezzlement from a corporation.

4.       What is a role? Give an example.  A role is a behavior expected of someone who holds a particular status. Example: holding the status of a student leads you to perform the role of attending classes and completing assignments.

5.       How would a functionalist explain deviance? They believe deviance helps create laws and establish the principles of right vs. wrong in a culture. Deviance pushes or tests boundaries, pulls society together, and creates change through protests. Deviant behavior is learned behavior.

6.       What is a ‘status’? Give an example.  A status is a social position that a person holds in society. Example: a college president holds more status than a newly hired assistant professor.

7.       What is a ‘social group’? Add an example. A social group is two or more people who identify and interact with one another. Example: couples, families, churches.

8.       What is a role set? Give an example. A role set identifies a number of roles attached to a single status. Example: A professor can hold a teacher role, colleague role, fieldwork role, marital role, maternal role, and a civic role.

9.       What is rape? The carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will. — expression of power

10.   What is an ascribed status? Give an example. An ascribed status is a status you are born with or acquired involuntarily. Example: Gender, race

11.   What is a primary group? Also give an example. A primary group is a small social group whose members share personal and lasting relationships Example: family, friends

12.   What is a reference group? Give an example. A reference group is a group you refer to for opinions. Example: A young man tries to imagine his family’s response to a new girlfriend.

13.   What is meant by stigma? Give an example.  A stigma is a powerfully negative status held by a person. A stigma can be positive or negative. An example of a negative stigma is AIDS.

14.   What is meant by social construction of reality?

15.   Explain two of Durkheim’s essential functions of deviance. Deviance helps create laws and right vs. wrong in order to maintain structure in a society. It also creates change. For example, protests.

16.   What is a secondary group? Provide an example. A secondary group is a large and impersonal social group whose members pursue a specific goal or activity. Example: students in a college course.

17.   What is meant by the medicalization of deviance? This is when someone attempts to provide a medical excuse for deviant behavior.

18.   What is role conflict? Give an example. Role conflict is when conflict among the roles connected to two or more statuses occurs. Example: Politicians experience conflict between campaigns and family.

19.   What is an achieved status? Give an example. An achieved status is a status that a person has decided to acquire. It is received voluntarily and reflects on ability and effort. Example: honors student, Olympic athlete, or thief.

20.   Why do sociologists consider mass media so important in our culture?

21.   Explain one of Spitzer’s explanations of deviance as it relates to capitalism. Be sure to add an example.

22.   What is an instrumental leader?

23.   What is meant by Merton’s Strain Theory? Merton’s strain theory explains that someone who is not in power sees something they want that is out of their reach at the moment and that creates a strain. He believed that there were several ways to handle this strain: adapt, innovate, ritualistic, escape, or if all else fails, rebel.

24.   What is the Thomas theorem? Give an example. States that situations that are defined as real are real in their consequences. Local gang members saw Piri Thomas act in a worthy way, so in their eyes he became worthy.

25.   What is a minority? Give an example. A minority is a group with a physical or cultural chracteristic that are inferior to the majority. These people are denied privileges. Example:

26.   What is group think?

27.   What is a network?

28.   What is a bureaucracy? Give an example.

29.   Give two characteristics of a bureaucracy.

30.   What is role strain? Give an example.

31.   What is meant by ‘status constancy’?

32.   What is a deviant subculture? Give an example.

33.   What is an expressive leader?

34.   What is meant by tradition? Give an example.

35.   What is meant by street smarts? Give an example.

36.   What is meant by retrospective labeling?

37.   Why does our society tolerate violence against women?

38.   What is a formal organization? Give an example.

39.   What is meant by the ‘formal’ vs. the ‘informal’ side of a bureaucracy?

40.   There are three main types of leadership style. Identify one and explain it. Also provide an example.

41.   What is an oligarchy?

42.   What is meant by the ‘labeling theory’?

43.   What is role exit? Give an example.

44.   Identify two ways Japanese work culture is different from or work culture.

45.   What are two types of social control in Hirschi’s control theory?

46.   What is an ‘ingroup’ and an ‘outgroup’? Give examples.

47.   What is one serious problem of a bureaucracy?

48.   Identify and explain two possible problems related to race and gender in a bureaucracy.

49.   Explain two principles of the McDonaldiation of Society.

50.   What is a ‘Hate crime”? Give an example.

51.   In dramaturgical analysis Goffman says we conduct out life how? Try to also give an example.

52.   Explain one type of crime. Give an example.

53.   How can gender affect our performance or language?

54.   Explain two characteristics of a street criminal.

55.   Identify two ways humor can help in a society.

56.   What is meant by total institution of resocialization? Give an example of your answer.

57.   What is meant by ethnomethodology?

58.   Explain group conformity or obedience. Explain a positive and a negative aspect of the one you select.

59.   Explain two justifications for punishment.

60.   What is a utilitarian organization? A normative organization? A coercive organization?

61.   What is meant by ‘organizational environment’?

62.   What is bureaucratic inertia?

63.   What is scientific management?

64.   What is meant by patterns of privilege and exclusion?

Interference of pain in the joint is degenerative disease. If not be handled properly this pain will be worsen as we are older. The effort to prevent pain is better than treating the disease. Try these tips to prevent joint agonies.

1. Learn practicable ways of relaxation.

2. Keep the balance between rest and activity. Rest for eight hours in the night is ideal to maintain healthy muscles and tendons.

3. Exercise regularly, for 20-30 minutes per day. Avoid exercise that can cause pain in the joints.

4. Get in the habit of good posture. Lift heavy items with a groin muscle pedestal (hip), not with your back.

5. Protect joints. In the cold, wear gloves to protect knuckles, long pants to protect the knee, and thick socks to protect the ankle and toes.

6. Plan a diet if you are overweight. Lose weight as much as six pounds can reduce the risk of joint pain by 50 percent.

7. Avoid too soft chair and mattress.

8. Soaking in warm water especially after heavy exercise.

9. Try does not carry the burden by carrying but using a wheeled cart or wheeled devices if carrying heavy things.

One of the most sensitive yet interesting topic to delve into is the issue about Virginity.This matter isn’t just for teens but for adults as well.Although some of us tend to avoid being asked… Are you still Virgin?,There are also some who are candid enough to blurt the truth behind it. So what does Virginity implies? As we all know it is a state of being inexperienced from the so called sex.It can be applied either to a Girl or Boy who haven’t engaged to any sexual intercourse.In this regard questions started to pop out my mind as to What urges a Girl or Boy to lose their Virginity? and Does it really matter if you’re a Virgin or not?.To solve these questions I have asked my friends and sum up fortunately all their perceptions with regards to this matter.

Virginity on Girls..

For some Girls Virginity is very important.They tend to observe moral beliefs and personal values that serves as their guiding conscience to resist temptations and decline sexual matters to wait for the right time.Actually the only right time to lose Virginity is after Marriage for it is unlawful for anyone to indulge in such act prior to it according to scriptures with that Girls believe that Virginity is the most precious gift they have ever receive from God and also the best gift they can offer to their partners.However Some girls tend to act as if it is not a big deal.Some even think that its pretty cool to and normal that almost all Girls in the society are having sex with their partners and its humiliating for them to be left out thus they feel that Virginity is not important these days.

What causes Girls to lose Virginity?

Peer pressure: It is of this force that some Girls resulted to losing whats precious on them.Sometimes they can’t withstand the fear of rejection so they tend to go with the flow..

Girls Vulnerable trait:Girls are the one who are easy to be misled that’s why sometimes being vulnerable becomes their weakness.

Love:For some stupid reasons Girls tend to give up their honor to get love in return.

Virginity on Boys…

Now it seems like horde of young Guys are talking about their sex experiences trying to boast it with other Guys.It’s because sex for them is a must and being an ignorant about is something shameful.Nowadays, obscene and indecent sites scattered in the Internet and as expected Boys are the one who are eager and aggressive to surf on it.These sites shows that sex is normal even for teens which is in contrary to the church teachings. In connection to that Virgin Guys are now like an endangered species that only few of them exist.They are the ones who still hold on for some moral considerations and as morally oriented people they opted to remain a Virgin to reserve themselves to someone they care about.

What causes them to lose their Virginity?

Pornographic Materials:Nude illustrations depicted from sensual magazines,posters and even in the Internet can stir Guy’s sexual appetite causing them to yearn for physical pleasure.

Curiosity: Some are experimental and some wants to try something new.oftentimes their eagerness to apply what they had seen on TV and heard on Radio which are malicious can sometimes be the cause of losing their innocence.

Peer Pressure: Bullies can be intense that other boys get intimidated and resulted to following the trend.

Lack of proper Guidance: It’s always Parents responsibility to educate their Children about Virginity for them to follow the right track and not to be deluded by influences around them.

Conclusion

It is not really shameful to say no to sex .Although we’re free to decide whether to lose our Virginity or not still being sensible about it makes sense. For Girls, you should  remember that if someone loves you He should respect your decisions and  wait for you until you are  ready and for Boys there’s really a right time for everything..

Ever since Charles Darwin was confounded by natural selection and the dynamic nature of gene expression during his travels, we have suffered under a delusion of bad scientific thought and endeavor.  Scientific thought which has been ripe with fraud and has fostered self-righteous racism, bigotry, slavery, and genocide on a global scale.

The Failure of Naturalism

“A British writer once remarked that all good fallacies, when they die, go to America where they are reborn as some American professor’s latest discovery.”–Philip Wheelwright

They used to call it materialism.  Today they call it naturalism.

No…wait, that’s not true.  Today they call it science.

Naturalism, or materialism, says that only what is currently observable, measurable, and repeatable, actually exists, and can explain what exists.

Naturalism says that the only possible correct explanation for anything is a naturalistic one.

In other words, we could find incontrovertible evidence that reality, matter, life, has been designed, but that interpretation of the evidence would be discarded because naturalism dictates the exclusion of anything which might lead outside of a naturalistic explanation.

Naturalism is a “three-monkeys-dead-end” when it comes to the advancement of knowledge.

This violation of Kurt Gödel’s Theorems of Incompleteness is the first reason why evolution is bad science.

Gödel’s Theorems of Incompleteness

Kurt Gödel was logician and mathematician who was born in Austria/Hungary in 1906. He later became an American citizen, just one of the many great minds who fled Nazi Germany and came to America.

At the amazingly young age of 25 he published his theorems of incompleteness rocking the world of mathematics, utterly destroying atheist Bertrand Russell’s logical system for arithmetic, and rocking the world of science as well.

In one fell swoop Gödel PROVED that there could never be a complete Theory of Everything.  Scholars, mathematicians, scientists, and logicians have spent the last 79 years trying to disprove them, and have failed to do so.

So what are they, and what do they have to do with evolution?  Gödel’s theorems are as follows -

1. Any system that is consistent is incomplete.
2. The consistency of axioms (axioms=assumptions that cannot be proven) cannot be proved from within the system.

Say what?

Let’s look at it another way, sitting on the kitchen table are the following items -

• A half full cup of hot coffee
• A fishing pole
• A jacket

Now draw a circle around those items.  We will call everything in that circle a system.  Gödel’s first theorem tells us that nothing in the circle can explain itself without referring to something outside the circle.  The half full cup of coffee relies on growers and processors and someone to make it, the fishing pole had a manufacturer, as well as the jacket.  Something outside that you cannot prove from within the circle but must assume in order to make sense of that which is in the circle.  Such as – that I am almost done with my coffee, and plan to spend the day fishing. You can’t prove that from only the items inside the circle. It might be true, but you cannot prove it.

Gödel’s 2nd theorem says that there are always more things that are true, than can be proved. For example – that there is only a cup of coffee on the table because I will be joining friends at the cafe for a quick bite before fishing. Again true, but you cannot prove it from within the system.

Because of these two proven theorems we know that a naturalistic explanation for the origin of life, even the origin of the universe is wrong.  It is at best incomplete.

The Circle of Life

To apply Gödel’s theorems to evolution, we draw a circle around all living things. Gödel’s first theorem tells us that the explanation for everything within the circle, cannot come from within the circle.  If we draw a circle around everything in the universe, Gödel’s theorem says that the explanation cannot come from within the circle, that the universe by itself cannot explain everything there is to know about itself.

If we draw a circle around the mechanisms of evolution, natural selection, speciation, the big bang, etc., Gödel’s second theorem says that these axioms cannot be proven within the circle, but must rely on assumptions from outside the circle.

Naturalism says that everything is explainable only by those things within the circle.

So, evolution and naturalism do not withstand Gödel’s test.  They are bad science, irrational, and fallaciously circular by default.

–to be continued in The Problem with Evolution – Part 2

Thanks to the latest discoveries and with a little luck, the action massacre was successfully uncovered by archaeologists. This finding is also at the same time can be a bright spot to find out more in the history of the Vikings in England.

Reported by the Daily Mail, Friday (12/3/2010), the framework of 51 people found the massacre victims summers ago near Weymouth, Dorset, when the process of excavation to discover the historic sites.

Two months later, a team from Oxford Archeology extract all the skulls that are placed together in a narrow furrows. Based on the results of the analysis, alleged that the bodies were thrown violently into the hole, after a nasty cut.

Chemical analysis revealed the teeth, ten of the victims were alive at the slaughterhouse area the weather is colder than England. One was supposedly from the north polar region.

While carbon research results show, the skeletons are buried between the years 910 and 1030 AD, the period in which union with England in the reign of King Saxon, and when the Danish Vikings began stopping in the northern coastal region.

“Finding evidence of the victims of the Vikings who were executed is one which deter the development of archaeological field,” said Project Manager David Oxford Archeology Score.

According to him, these mass graves can be found very rarely. “Getting even one such discovery, from a very historic period, is a wonderful thing,” he said

Little new man 21 year old had rushed to the hospital after complaining of chest pain. After treatment, the life of man is known by her smile could not be saved eventually.

Born in Wulanchabu, north China, He Pingping is the shortest man in the world by Guinness World Records in 2008. The height is only 74.6 centimeters, making the Guinness world record was pinned.

Leadership Guinness World Records Craig Glenday a high measure directly in China Uh rate, he has a unique attraction points for others.

“For a small guy he’s (He Pingping) has brought great impact to the world.” said Craig Glenday.

“I know he’s a very special person, a sincere smile and attract private charmer many people. He Pingping inspire the lives of many people who consider themselves different or unusual,” Glenday added as quoted in The Guardian, Tuesday (16/3/2010 ).

He Pingping was able to attract the attention of many people. The man who time the birth was not greater than his father’s palm, known as a heavy smoker. He was also known, although many women preferred body size of a mini.

Guinness World Records will announce the replacement of He Pingping as soon as possible. Khagendra Thapa Magar from Nepal is believed to replace the position Pingping, considering the high 18-year-old man is currently reached 51 centimeters

In France, they discovered burial caves that served as a prehistoric man, with deductions that they believed in immortality. The scientists specialized in the field theory are still arguing over whether Neanderthals were burying their dead, and even more if they offered a special ritual.

It is therefore not so outlandish that modern man is inclined to think about life after death. Diversity of beliefs, spiritualism, contacts with the beyond have been present in our lives.

Not peculiar to discover that some being close to us or we ourselves have had these experiences unexplained contact with beings who have died, and yet we have visited in almost real apparitions and dreams. But the secret of death lies in one’s life.

Why do women find emotionally unavailable men attractive?

Why women cannot help falling in love with narcissists? 

Why do women always want to be the girl to tame a player?

Why girls cannot help falling in love with bad guys and the good guys finished last?

Why women love being with men who are just not that into them?

Here are my answers:

           Bad guys have an irresistible, tangible sexual energy coupled with confidence that women find intriguing.     Narcissist, Emotionally Unavailable Men and Mr. Player are born Adonis.  They exude this level of sexual assurance and confidence in their relational and sexual abilities that most good boys are unable to emit.  Their swagger, demeanor and errant scream sex, desirability that women are unable to refute its magnetisms. There is not a man alive as alluring as the man who projects that he knows what he is about, what he is worth and what he wants.  

       He dresses well. Be it ghetto fabulous or executive urbane tailor made suits, bad boys are the best at representing their niche when it comes to appearance.  What woman can resist a man that looks great even though she is aware of the heart aching implication of her just being another girl on his list of conquests?  For some women, it is worth it even if things don’t work out. Just the idea of having an experience with him and whether he is as fabulous as he looks or not!  Unfortunately some women discover that some men are only shells, they look good on the outside but have bad contents. They are pretty boys without substance. 

       We simply want to capture the aura and front for ourselves.  Women want to capture and feel the power of the bad boys’ magnetism.  We want to make them our own. It is this very need to possess the narcissist, player and emotionally unavailable man that frustrates a woman at the initial stage of the relationship because the female is subconsciously aware of the probability that this was a passing fling for Mr. emotionally unavailable and that the association has little or no permanence to it. That is why it is very hard to let go when the union ends. 

                 Women do not want to let go of a superior male specimen, women do no want to admit the blistering, aching truth that she will not be his wife, or call him officially her own. Women fall in love with the bad boy’s image and have a hard time letting go of it, even when the façade erodes (narcissist) or relationship ends (player).   

        Some women feel they can tame the bad boy.   Therefore they remain with the narcissist in spite of his abuse, continue to see the emotionally unavailable man despite his emotional blackmails and will remain the fall back girl for the player when he runs out of women in his numerous harems.  Women continue relationships with bad boys and seek out the companion of bad boys because they believe they can change them.  The woman hangs on to the relationship, hoping that the man will become what he professed or pretended he was at the beginning of the relationship.  

                Others might say women who love bad boys have low self esteem. Someone who loves herself will not allow a person to perpetually hurt, embarrass and exploit their genuine feelings. Once the woman regains her self esteem she will not continue the simulacrum of a relationship.   A woman without an opinion of her very own self worth is vulnerable to having her existence being validated by others.

       The other reason why women love bad guys is because they seem to know what women want therefore women are undeniably drawn to them. Bad Boys are charming, attentive and the best date’s god could fashion.  They know what women want to hear and they give it to them. They manage to convince a woman into believing the she is the most desirable woman in the world and he is the most suitable, honorable man for mating on the planet. 

       Probably bad boys are born with this arsenal but they know women. It is this knowledge of the female psyche and relationship expectations that make bad boys lethal yet incredible desirable.   

It is said that the fact, which causes success, is the positive attitude and the positive faith of man. If one desires to be successful, he should believe in it and he has to concentrate on it. We become what we think. Some have the magnetic personality to achieve success, it is also due to their positive attitude and due to their self-confidence that they have.

Success depends on the effort of the conscious mind, which feeds the sub-conscious mind. The sub-conscious mind is like a slave. It obeys the commands of the conscious mind literally. It does not have its own independent choice to make.

Today there are scientific and proven formulas to achieve success. To succeed in life, one has to set the mind. One must set up the goal- the primary goal and the medium goal. One has to set the objectives depicting why he wants to achieve such a goal. He has to find the means, which should be measurable aiming how he would achieve such a goal. He must gather the primary resources, material, economic and human resources. He must set the time and the plan of action on systematic process. He must have the tools for supervision, evaluation and feedback

Today many believe and propagate the law of attraction. A magnet will attract its opposite direction so too a human fragile man by his concentration can attract the wealth. He needs true faith and continuous exercise. The repetition of the positive affirmations is a great formula for success. Along with the formula, man must put in his action to achieve his goal.