If you want to take your environmental passion to the next level, you can buy a used car. One less new car gets produced, and we often overvalue reliability. Newsflash folks: a car with 100,000km on it is about 95% as reliable as a brand new car, and you’re paying at least double for a new car. You have to make a lot of $500 repairs before you get close to making up that gap.

But we’re not talking about cars, we’re talking appliances. Specifically, washers and dryers.

My washer is approximately 5 years old. It’s a front loading washer, since apparently front loaders use less water and cut down on drying time. That’s all fine and good, so I bought it. It was a $300 premium over the plain top loading model, but I went ahead and bought the premium brand because that’s what frugal people are supposed to do, right?

About a year ago, it started making a loud low-pitched whine as it went through the final rinse cycle. It’s slowly gotten worse, so I called the appliance repair guy. He came over, had a look, and told me the bearings were close to worn out. Okay, how much would it cost to fix it?

He quoted approximately $400. I was looking at $250 for parts and $150 for his time to put it in. Oh, and I paid $50 to have him show up and diagnose the problem.

In the meantime, the price of front loading washers have gone down. I can buy a basic unit for $500. There’s no way I’m going to spend $400 on repairs when I can buy a similar machine for $100 more.

I complained that parts were expensive. It’s almost like they don’t want you to fix it. He confirmed that and took it one step further: retailers are putting pressure on the manufacturers to do exactly that so people just throw up their hands and buy a new one every five years. They’ve intentionally brought the quality and the price down and jacked up the price on parts, just to discourage people from getting their appliances fixed.

This makes sense for the company too, since they don’t have to keep producing parts for machines that are years old. There are companies that make generic parts, and they’re happy to come in and produce these parts. But why would they discount their prices when there’s no competition?

He then came up with an interesting suggestion. New machines aren’t worth fixing, he said, but old ones are. Parts are considerably cheaper, since it isn’t a tiny computer running the thing. They were made using better quality materials. They were much simpler machines back then, meaning there are less things that can break. A well-maintained machine from the 1970s or 1980s will last forever.

My Dad has a Maytag washer/dryer combination that he bought in 1979. In the past ten years, he’s put a little over $200 into repairing both machines, once each. Yeah, they’re an ugly off-white color, and they’re probably not very energy efficient, but they are a significantly cheaper option than buying new.

As for me? I went on Kijiji, looking for a replacement machine. I quickly found an ad from somebody who had upgraded their washer to a front loader unit, and wanted the old one to go away. I went over and had a look. It was a Maytag, it looked about 20 years old, and it worked. I paid $50 for the machine and paid my buddy pizza for letting me borrow his truck and his lifting power. Total investment, $50. My backup machine can suck power faster than a 400 watt space heater and I’ll still be hundreds of dollars ahead of an energy efficient machine that isn’t going to last a decade.

Sometimes, when it comes to saving money, you’ve got to look outside the box a little. I got a washer that still has plenty of life left. It’ll still be going long after my front loading machine has started rusting away in a landfill somewhere.

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Here are 5 tips that can help you improve the sustainability of your landscaping:

1. Start with a Plan

Think about the purpose of your landscaping efforts. Are you trying to create beauty? Do you want a safe place for your kids to play? Are you planning on growing food? Perhaps you have a number of uses in mind for your landscaping.

If you have a good idea of what you want to accomplish with your yard, you will be able to make decisions that help you accomplish your purpose, as well as improve your home’s overall sustainability.

2. Use Native Plants

One of the best things you can do for sustainable landscaping is to use native plants. Also, pay attention to the sun and shade on your property, and the types of plants that are more likely to thrive in the natural conditions surrounding your house.

Native plants are best suited to your area, and they will need less intensive care. You won’t need to worry as much about watering them, or about using special fertilizers and pesticides to encourage them to grow properly.

3. Select Grass with Care

While xeriscaping your yard so that you don’t have to use much water can be a great idea, it doesn’t leave much room for the kids to play. It’s true that a lawn can be a huge drain on your resources — especially water. So, if you want some type of lawn, consider choosing grasses that are less thirsty. There are drought tolerant grasses that can be a little more sustainable than others.

You can also consider using sedges instead of more traditional grass. There are also some ground covers that provide an attractive look for a yard while still being appropriate for play.

4. Go Organic

When possible, use organic options for fertilization and pesticides. There are natural ways to control pests, including making your yard inviting for birds, as well as using ladybugs to keep down aphids. You can also use methods of preparing the soil that are a little more natural, including introducing earthworms to help build the soil, and engaging in composting and mulching.

Organic solutions reduce pollution, and can result in a healthier yard altogether.

5. Be Smart about Watering

At some point, you will probably have to water your plants. The best time to water is in the morning, before 10 am, and in the evening, after 4 pm. These times prevent much of your water being lost to evaporation. Additionally, avoid watering during times of high winds.

Understand how much water your plants really need. You can accomplish more with a deep soak that encourages roots to grow deep and strong so that you need less water over time. A drip system can be a great alternative. Make sure to check for leaks and problems with your lines so that you don’t waste water that way.

With a little planning and preparation, it’s possible to make your landscape more sustainable.

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Let’s think about our online purchases for a moment. I’d say that five years ago or so, it was pretty easy to scroll through Craigslist or Kijiji and find a screaming deal on something we were looking for. It was great! We called up the buyer, made sure they still had the item, and then we hopped into our car with our cash to go pick it up. Simple huh? But what’s it like today? With so many people online, here’s how the scenario typically plays out: You are looking for a new smart phone to replace your old one that recently took a dive in the toilet, and low and behold, there it is! It’s an iPhone 4S (it has Siri even!) and it’s only listed for $50. It was posted just a couple of hours ago, so you might still have a chance to pick up this sweet deal. Quickly, you dial the number on the ad and nobody answers. In fact, not only does no one answer, but their voice mail is full. There has already been so much interest in this phone that the seller has stopped answering her phone and her voice mail is full! You never had a chance.

With all of our interest flowing from the yard sales to the online sales, it is now much more difficult to find a deal with your computer. But, do you know where you can find the deals now? You’ve got it: the yard sales.

Fewer and fewer people stop at those yard sales, but the sellers still want to get rid of all their stuff! As the day goes on, prices start going down and down. The only difficulty is knowing what’s actually for sale in the yard. Well, the only way to truly know is to get down and dirty and take a close look at everything.

Typically, yard sales have exercise equipment, furniture, sports equipment, books, kid’s toys, and gently used kid’s clothing. Since the interest in these items is low, you can really find some sweet deals here. Furniture is often priced at less than 10% compared to store prices, and the same is true for that exercise equipment! If you’re looking to get back in shape, don’t head to the retail store. Take a trip to some yard sales! You’ll find some great stuff, and it will be priced so low that it might still be worth buying, even if you only work out for 2 weeks.

Not only is it fun to pick through these yard sales, but it can also be very profitable. Yes, you might find some great deals, but occasionally, you might also find some very rare antiques. If you have an eye for expensive, rare items, you could very well be one of the next surprised faces at the Antique Roadshow with your $25,000 vase. Who knows! There are surprises at every yard sale. Stop by and score a deal sometime soon.

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I am a somewhat odd investor. While most investors focus on big and well established companies, I tend to look at small companies that don’t even show up on anybody’s radar. There are a few reasons why I invest this way, but we’re only going to focus on one. Small companies have the potential to beat the returns of the S&P 500 or the TSX handily. They also have the potential to blow up, but they don’t do it as often as you’d think. Especially when you focus on buying assets for 50 cents on the dollar.

That wasn’t so bad, now was it? I think that I can get better results than most mutual fund managers if I do the investing equivalent of looking in closets and under rugs for stocks that I think represent good value. You are probably shaking your head like I am an insane person. You’re probably set to go buy some index funds right now, mostly just to spite me. And hey, you probably should. My method of investing is probably wrong for you.

Now let’s move the metaphor over to stuff you buy. If you’re a burger connoisseur, you’ve probably stopped in at a Five Guys at least once. Those burgers are like a little bit of heaven in your mouth. If I lived near a Five Guys, I would weigh 400 pounds. And yet, if you’re a vegetarian, you’d likely get no value at all out of one of their burgers. In fact, it would probably make you a little sick to your stomach.

What’s the point? Being frugal is all about getting the best bang for your buck, right? Being frugal is about spending more on something that’s higher quality because it’ll last longer. Being frugal is spending money on stuff that’s important to you, and eschewing the rest. All these things are true. There’s just one thing.

Not everybody values the same thing. Therefore, your idea of frugality is right, but only for you.

Say SPF and I go into the same store, and look at the same pair of shoes. Simon likes that the shoes are made in Canada, with recycled tires mixed into the rubber in the soles, and the manufacturer will plant a tree if you buy a pair of shoes. He picks up the shoes, even though they cost $199.

I look at the same pair of shoes, look at the features and then the price, utter a couple of swear words under my breath, and then go and find the nearest pair of New Balance sneakers. I love the environment and all (nose grows two sizes bigger), but I’m not paying that high of a premium for shoes.

I look at shoes as something that keeps my feet from getting wet. SPF looks at shoes as something that he can use to make a positive thing happen. Who’s right? We both are.

You’ve heard the adage that you get what you pay for? I’m sure you have, since people have been using it without thought for years.

Let’s keep going with the shoe analogy, because hey, at least half the people reading this really like shoes. I once went to Sport Chek and bought new sneakers. On my way out of the mall, I stopped at Winners, a popular discount chain in Canada. As I was browsing that store, I came across virtually the same pair of shoes. I used my phone to Google the shoes, to discover they were last year’s model. The only difference between the shoes were a slightly different design.

I picked up these shoes for half the price of the original ones, and then went and returned the old ones. I saved $60.

The underlying impression of the you get what you pay for statement is that value doesn’t exist. Everything is always priced fairly and efficiently. Anyone who has ever spent longer than two hours in a store knows value is everywhere around them, it’s just up to you to find it.

But here’s the kicker. Value will always be different for everyone, since different people value different things. I gladly took last year’s model of shoes to save $60. Would a hip-cool fashionista woman do the same thing? Maybe not. When presented with a Five Guys’ and a McDonald’s burger side by side, I would gladly pay a premium for the offering from Five Guys. The girl I know who doesn’t like hamburgers would probably run away from both in search for chicken nuggets.

When you think you’re being frugal and smart by spending extra for higher quality, but maybe you aren’t. Have you really exhausted all alternatives in a search for value? Have you even figured out why you place value on something in the first place? Hey, maybe you think you need the fancy pair of shoes because marketing has convinced you some extra feature will make your feet better in every way.

The next time you buy something, maybe keep this stuff in mind. And maybe you’ll figure out that the cheap pair of shoes isn’t so bad, and you’ll save yourself some cash. Sometimes we just spend more because we’ve been told higher priced items are therefore better quality. Become a smarter consumer. You’ll save some money.

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And the world hasn’t ended.

While there’s nothing wrong with being frugal if that’s your preference, I don’t think the world will end if you aren’t frugal.

Getting the Best Value

This doesn’t mean that I just spend on whatever I please, without paying attention to value. My husband and I are big on getting the best bang for our buck. We want to make sure that we are getting the most for our money, whether my husband is scouring eBay for a good deal on dress shirts (the mid-range brands, not the cheap brands), or whether I’ve signed up for a loyalty program with our favorite hotel chain.

Value is about more than just cost, too. When I say I want the best value for my money, I don’t mean that I’m going to stay at the cheapest hotel, or buy the least expensive shoes during a BOGO sale. For me value also includes the following considerations:

• Time: My time is a big thing. I value my time as much — or more — than I value money. If paying a little more saves me time, then I’ll happily do it. Sometimes that means just buying a convenience item while I’m the grocery store so that I don’t have to spend another hour driving to another store, parking, and finding the item — just to save $2 or $3. I want that hour to play catch with my son, or to go to lunch with my husband.
  
• Convenience: I don’t like catching red-eyes. Usually, it means that I can’t take my son into school before I leave on a trip, or it means that I’m exhausted when I arrive. I’d much rather pay for a more convenient flight. It’s why our organic milk and produce items are delivered to our door, and it’s why we pay the “convenience” fee to buy event and movie tickets online.
• Experience: I know exactly what I need to do in order to engage in frugal travel. I do very little of it. I want a fun, worry-free experience. So, I’m willing to pay. I also like the experience of having someone else do my nails, so I don’t give myself manis or pedis. A good experience is part of good value for me, whether it’s at the restaurant, the campground, or somewhere else.

Of course, not everyone thinks it’s worth it to pay for the same things I do. And that’s fine. You need to decide what works for you, and what constitutes the best value for what you spend. For many people, the best value is expressed mainly in terms of money. The lower the cost, the better the value. And that’s fine.

But if you aren’t the frugal sort, you can take heart, too. Value doesn’t always have to be about price.

What do you think? Are you frugal?

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One of the ways that many of us direct our investments is through green investing. While green investing can be one way for you to invest according to your values and priorities, it’s not the only way to get involved in socially responsible investing.

What is Socially Responsible Investing?

The idea behind socially responsible investing (SRI) is that your investing aligns with your morals. So, you invest in companies, funds, and ventures that reflect your personal values. It also involves reviewing your current holdings (including what you might be holding in a fund) and getting rid of the investments that don’t align with the social values that you adhere to.

Green/sustainable investing is just one aspect of SRI. Other values come into play as well, including:

• Human rights: In many cases, we prefer to support companies that have relatively good practices in terms of fair employment. This includes staying away from companies that operate sweatshops, or companies whose practices might be driving people from their homes, or in some way depriving them of rights that we think they should have access to.
  
• Avoiding “sin” stocks: There are those who view tobacco, alcohol, pornography and gambling as damaging to society. From this viewpoint, the idea is to avoid investing in companies that manufacture and sell these items, or that profit from these items.
• Stem cell research: For some investors, the idea of investing in companies that are using stem cells from fertilized eggs is anathema. Companies that profit from such research, or that fund such research, are avoided.
• Religion: Many investors like to invest according to their religious values. There are “kosher” and “halal” funds, meant to reflect the values of Jewish and Muslim investors, respectively. There are also a number of Christian funds designed to reflect various Christian views of what is socially responsible.

Essentially, SRI is about directing your money in a way that you believe will make the world a better place.

What about Direct Investment?

In the past, it has been pointed out in comments on this site that perhaps investing through the stock market is the best way to really effect change. After all, you buy your shares from another investor, and you might not really be directly investing in the company. Instead, you might be able to have more of an impact if you use direct investment to put your money to work.

In the United States, the new rules for crowd funding could make this a little bit easier to accomplish.

With any investment, direct or not, it’s important that you do your research, and assess the risk. Also, decide whether or not the investment will help you reach your overall financial goals. The right investment, when it reflects your social values, can be a great way to improve your financial situation while feeling good about where you put your money.

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With this in mind, anyone seriously looking to keep a cap on their monthly outgoings needs to think about how they use energy in their home, and what they can do to reduce it. The best place to start is with a home energy test, which you can complete online with various companies. It will identify where you use your energy and pinpoint areas where savings can be made. Then it’s just a case of looking at your budget and deciding how best to use the funds you have to make your home more energy efficient. For a relatively small initial outlay, you can be saving money on your energy bills for years to come.

Here’s our rundown of some of the simple changes that can be made around the home to improve your energy efficiency:

Insulation

A huge proportion of the heat produced in your home is lost through the roof and walls, so insulating these can make a big difference. Loft insulation is a must – it’s cheap and easy to fit yourself. Cavity wall insulation will require the help of a specialist so it will be more costly – but remember that it will add value to your home.

Double glazing

Windows are another problem area for heat escaping, but replacing draughty wooden-framed single-paned windows with double-glazed uPVC windows can result in savings of upwards of £100 per year on your energy bills. Not only that, but double-glazing will also make your home more secure. The likes of Safestyle have a range of options to fit into your home aesthetic, but just remember to use a reputable firm; badly installed double glazing won’t give you the heat retention you’re hoping for.

Lifestyle changes

The things you do around the home can also help you cut back on your energy usage – and making these changes costs nothing! For example, turn all your radiators down and only turn them up when you need them. It’s rare that you want to heat all the rooms in your house, so heating on in empty rooms is just wasting energy. Further to this, keep internal doors closed when you have the heating on – you want to keep warm rooms warm and prevent heat from dissipating into spaces you’re not using.

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And yes, I gambled. (Gasp! Personal finance sin!) As I sat at the poker table, I watched one particular player’s unorthodox strategy. Whenever he was making money, he played significantly more aggressive. He’d be involved in more hands, and he’d bet fairly aggressively whenever he sensed weakness in another player.

After a few losing hands, his stack had dwindled to below his original $100 buy-in. Maybe his cards just turned cold, but his play turned incredibly passive. He only played in select hands, and even then he picked his spots carefully. It was a complete reversal compared to before.

Again, I have no idea what his cards were like, but I suspect they didn’t have as much to do about his play as his mental state. He was suffering from found money syndrome.

Whenever people get money easily, they treat it entirely different than money they worked for. They gamble with it, or decide to use it to treat themselves, or do something else similar to squander it. You probably have, I know I have. Why is this? Why do we separate our money out like this?

I think it’s because found money is unexpected, and for people unexpected money is money that isn’t as important as expected money. If you exchange hard work for money, that cash represents something. It represents the sacrifice of exchanging something tangible for money. Found money doesn’t have these feelings associated with it, so we treat it differently.

A perfect example of this are tax refunds. As someone who always owes each April, it always amuses me when I hear everyone else file their taxes with the enthusiasm of a Sustainable PF recycling run. They want their refund, darn it, and they want it now. I’d argue it’s probably more effective to not give the government an interest free loan, but that’s just me. I realize I’m fighting a losing battle when it comes to tax refunds.

So people get their tax refund, and what do they do with it? They buy stuff, of course. Wal-Mart recently reported weak sales in the first part of February because the IRS was delayed in sending out tax refunds. Most people spend their refunds frivolously. Sure, you wouldn’t go blow your whole tax refund on a big TV and a new laptop, but I bet you still put some of it aside to have some fun with. Why? Because it’s free money, and that’s somehow different than money you worked for, even though a tax refund is actually money that you worked for, albeit a while ago.

On the other hand, none of this really matters if you’re ultimately making smart decisions with your money. If you were going to buy a TV anyway, it doesn’t really matter whether the cash comes from your tax refund or from your side hustle – it’s still money that you could have saved or invested. Maybe it’s time to look at your finances that way, and treat all money as equally important.

It doesn’t matter what source your money comes from, all that matters is that you’re making smart decisions with it. If you can make smart decisions with unexpected money, you’ll be that much farther ahead. So go ahead and put that found $20 bill towards groceries this month. Or, better yet, give it to me. I’ll spend it on something smart.

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How Much is Your Car Costing You Per Year?

 Before you start to daydream about the new car you’re going to buy, you should first figure out if it’s really necessary. On average, a slightly used vehicle will cost you between $500 and $1,000 per year with necessary maintenance and repairs. If you divide your total expenses by the number of years that you’ve had the car and you’re average less than a thousand bucks in repairs, then I’d say your car is still in fine running condition. If, however, you’ve had to replace multiple items over the past 6 months that robbed over two grand from your pockets, then perhaps it’s time to start looking for a replacement.

Do You Have Enough Money?

 Some people like to pay for their cars with cash, while others feel more comfortable putting a small amount of money down and making payments each month. Whatever your preference, consider this as a rule of thumb in your next purchase. If you’re going to buy a car with cash, it’s best to have at least $2,000 left in your bank account after you make the deal.

Many times, people buy cars that they think are going to be dependable and they end up costing them over a thousand dollars in the first couple months of ownership. No matter how old or new your car is (or whether they’re autos in Canada or the US), it might need some immediate repairs, and sometimes there’s just no way to tell when you make the purchase.

If you decide to purchase a car with a small amount of money down, I suggest that you keep even more than $2,000 in your savings account. Since any car can develop issues (again, old or new), even that newer model car you’re looking at might need some repairs soon after your purchase. And, since you are making payments each month on this vehicle, you have a little less liquidity in your cash flow. So, instead of keeping just $2,000 in your account, I would suggest that you set aside $3,000. I know, I know, it sounds like a lot of money, but if your car breaks down and has to go to the repair shop, you suddenly have to rent a car AND pay for the repairs, which could easily total $2,000.

Go Ahead, Get That New Ride

 If you find that car of your dreams and you have the appropriate amount of money available in your bank account, then go ahead and buy that new ride! Cars are certainly fun to own and operate, so make sure you make the most of your ownership experience. Your ride might break down once in a while, but that doesn’t necessarily mean it’s a lemon. All cars have their issues from time to time. That’s just what happens. Keep up with the maintenance and watch your gauges. Hopefully, you’ll be able to avoid that money-pit car.

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As you plan your yard this spring, and consider what to plant, consider edible landscaping. Here are some ideas:

Edible Flowers

Many of us know that dandelion leaves can make a great addition to a salad. Unfortunately, no matter how pretty your kids think dandelions are, they aren’t considered a viable part of a good-looking landscape. But there are plenty of other edible flowering plants you can use. Some of my favorites include basil, thyme, chives, coriander and rosemary, which are herbs (and I like to dry for use during the winter).

Other options include carnation, borage, fennel, rose hips, violas, nasturtiums, and some varieties of geranium (not all). I also like growing Russian sage. It smells good and looks distinctive. However, it’s important to note that the leaves aren’t edible, while the flowers are.

Edging and Ground Cover

The smaller herbs also make great ground covers and edging plants. Thyme is especially useful as a ground cover, as is oregano and chamomile. I also like using strawberries. They make great ground cover, and the flowers are pretty and the berries delicious. Plus, the color change in the leaves makes strawberries a fun ground cover during the fall. Lingonberries also make for good ground cover. Sweet potatoes can also provide attractive ground cover (lovely flowers and ivy-like leaves), and the leaves are also edible.

Rhubarb (if you like that sort of thing) can also make a great edging plant. Lettuce is also a good edging plant. There are many different varieties of lettuce; choose those that are red, purple, or deep green. These varieties of lettuce look pretty, and have more nutrients than the iceberg lettuce.

Other edging choices can include cauliflower, garlic, turnips, and beans. It you want, you can even plant red or purple cabbage to add a dramatic look to your landscaping.

Trellis Planting

Adding a trellis to your yard can be a pretty touch. Rather than planting mainly decorative plants, though, think about how you can use vining plants. Many varieties of peas and beans have beautiful leaves and vines, and will grow on a trellis. Interestingly, you can also get cucumbers, some melons, and some varieties of squash to grow vertically, and these can add a great deal to your lanscape.

Privacy

Our neighbors across the street are growing raspberries as a privacy hedge, rather than building a fence. You can use such fruiting bushes as a privacy planting. As long as you keep them trimmed properly, raspberries and blackberries (watch out; raspberries and blackberries can poison each other) can make great — and tasty — fences. Your neighbors probably won’t mind as long as they can harvest the fruit on their side.

When planning your landscape, think about edible plants. There are plenty of edible plants, as well as fruits and vegetables that are attractive. Plan your landscape as a garden, and you’ll save money and eat well.

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