But that did not end my search for the perfect home television system. Our cable box, well, works; but the hard drive is limited, you have to pay $15.99/mo for it, and the recordings are only on one device.

Luckily I found the DCR-2650 (currently $122 at amazon) which allows you to rent a CableCARD from the cable company (I’m paying $3.99/mo from Verizon) and get all of the premium cable channels on your PC – the drawback is that you must use Windows Media Center due to the DRM (there is a hack for SageTV – more on that later).

We recently got an Xbox 360 for Christmas, and I’ve been wanting to try the Media Center Extender functionality on it. I’m happy to report it works really well! Here is a video with a quick walkthrough of the Media Center Extender experience on the Xbox 360.

Some notes on the setup:

• My Media Center PC & Xbox are both connected via gigabit wired network
• Live TV, Guide and DVR functionality work perfectly
• Have had issues with Movie playback. This is because the Xbox is limited in what codecs it can decode. Apparently the Windows Media Center Extender app does not use the same codecs as the Xbox media player app.
• You could use as many Xboxes as you want, so essentially you have a free number of DVRs in your home
• The DCR-2650 uses a single cable card but has 2 tuners. This means you are limited to 2 channels at a time of live TV or recording shows. You could easily continue to add tuners if you would like more.
• The Windows Media Center app is available directly on the main Xbox menu that pops up when you hit the Xbox button on your controller/remote

The quality of the video coming from the Media Center Extender is significantly better compared to the “LiveTV” streamed over the internet – also from Verizon.

If Microsoft and Verizon is serious about making their streaming live TV app commonplace in consumer’s homes, they will need to both up the quality of the video and also add DVR functionality to the system.

Between how well it works and the fact that you can get a remote for the Xbox, it really makes an ideal replacement for your cable box.

Cable TV started in the 1970s when TV consumers just outside the range of commercial Over The Air (OTA) broadcasts banded together to create community “Cable” TV systems. An antenna was posted at a high spot on a mountain and pulled in signals that were out of range for households, then retransmitted those signals to subscribers. At the time, there was a fight by the commercial television stations to protect their content, but eventually the cable systems won out, and eventually evolved to be the mega-cable companies you see today. In fact, today cable companies and content companies are one-in-the-same.

Fast forward to today. Wouldn’t it be great if there was an internet television station that would take OTA broadcast signals and retransmit them over the internet to households that couldn’t receive that signal? Well, there is and its name is ivi.tv.

The ivi.tv interface. Includes channel guide, DVR, and more.

The user experience was great. The stations came in at high quality and live, something that today’s streaming world is sorely missing. It was only about $10 per month, and you received the major broadcast stations. There was only one problem – the current content owners and cable systems (rightly) see this as a threat to their existing cable based systems, as the same exact TV content can be transmitted through their own internet lines and therefore cannibalism their TV revenue stream. ivi.tv was sued by over 40 major broadcasts and stations, and was forced to take their live streams of CBS, ABC, NBC offline. The very life of ivi.tv and other internet live TV streaming companies is threatened. They want to squash innovation in live streaming TV.

ivi’s CEO Todd Weaver has said this:

“Broadcasters fought against cable companies, then joined them. Broadcasters then fought against satellite companies, then joined them. Now it is our turn. History has a habit of repeating itself — and it is unfortunate they cannot learn from that and realize we strongly support broadcasters and their program suppliers helping them monetize, increase their eyeballs, and ultimately get paid.” (Source)

He’s right. This is the future of live television, and the existing hegemony of cable systems and content creators is fighting it tooth and nail. They have enough money to throw into lawsuits to delay it forever.

So what can you do about this?

The case against ivi.tv is currently working its way through the court system. Whatever is the decision on this court case is going to be used as prior ruling on future cases. I can’t even begin to describe how important it is that ivi wins their case. The odds are stacked up against them. With limited funds, there is no way they can fight the courts forever. Donate money to their cause here, and tell your friends about this innovative service that is being crushed by the big cable companies.

Everyone complains about the high price of cable television. You want alternatives? Support, share and talk about this court case and the future of online television.

Additional Reading:

• Interview with Todd Weaver, CEO of ivi.tv
• PCWorld Article on Lawsuit
• Ivi TV Loses Major Court Decision—But Shouldn’t Have

The pricing is structured with two options. The first is to buy the tablet for $99 and pay $9.99 a month for the e-editions of the newspapers for 2-years. The second is to pay $129 for the tablet and agree to a 1-year subscription at $12.99/mo.

If you decided to buy this tablet without the deal, it is currently retailing for about $221, but it is not quite available yet from general retailers. A lot of misinformation has been going around saying that it is available for $170, however this is for an older model and isn’t accurate if you are making that comparison.

The newspaper wants you to believe you are receiving a savings over a regular newspaper subscription. If you work it out over the term of the contract and discard the value of the newspaper, it costs $338.76 for the 2 year and $284 for the 1 year deal. Obviously if you aren’t going to use the newspaper portion, it isn’t worth it to agree to this deal.

I am going to review the PMN portion of the device separately from the hardware, because they are really two separate things. Also of note, this is my first Android device. I’ve used Windows Mobile in the past and I’ve been an iOS fan for the past few years but have been wanting to dip my feet into the Android world for a while now and thought this would be a good chance to do so.

Click here to skip to the Philly Media Network apps review.

The Arnova 10 G2 Tablet

The Arnova 10 G2 Tablet

The tablet itself has a solid feel to it. It is mainly plastic but is sturdy enough to not seem flimsy. There is a camera on the front and none on the back – and the front-camera is of low enough quality that it isn’t going to be good for much more than video-chatting.

It came with Android 2.3 installed on it, as well as a few apps and shortcuts. Specific to the Phillytablet are a few apps I will describe in further detail below.

The 10″ screen itself is bright and of decent quality. It has a more rectangular shape than the iPad, which does lend itself to reading a newspaper or a lot of text.

Battery life, from what I can tell so far, is also good on this tablet.

I did notice that it does not charge via the included USB plug, you need to use the proprietary power adapter to do any charging, so I was a bit put off by that. USB is so prevalent, all devices/gadgets should charge via this method.

The lack of a dual-core processor was definitely visible at times. Angry Birds took a few seconds to get running smoothly, but after that it seemed to run OK. Any website that included Flash was visibly slow and movement was jerky. Reading a book via the Amazon Kindle app was OK, there was a little delay while paging but it was tolerable. If I had to guess I would say that this device suffers a bit both from not enough CPU power and also latency while reading/writing to memory.

All said, it is a decent device for the money. I would not describe this as a “top tier” tablet as some PMN executive will tell you, but it isn’t bad for the price.

The App Store

Since I’m new to the Android world, I’m also new to this market fragmentation I’ve heard so much about. And it is ugly. So for non-Android people, I will give you the short and quick version as I know it, please feel free to correct me if I am wrong. Apparently Google only allows access to Android Market on some devices, and this tablet is not one of them. To try to correct this, Archos (the parent of the Arnova brand) created an App store called AppsLib. They also included the Amazon App Store on the tablet. Each store does have tons of applications, however I found some major gaps. You want Netflix? Nope. Skype? Nope. BeeJive? Just the Facebook version (?) for some reason.

It appears that some application developers choose to only release to certain stores, and access to those stores is restricted. I’ve heard that you can root your device and add some custom ROMs which then give you access to other stores, but haven’t gotten that far yet.

Yet for some reason, AppsLib offered Angry Birds for free (add supported). I can’t really figure it out, but I can tell you the separation of apps stores is definitely a cause of confusion for consumers.

Notably missing was Google Apps and other cool toys you often see on other Android phones and tablets. It does include a browser and some apps are available via the Amazon store, including Seesmic, Kik and more.

The Philly Media Network Apps

The E-Edition of The Philadelphia Inquirer

So now that we’ve determined that you should only buy this device if you want to receive the subscription to Philly Media Network, what do you get with your subscription?

When you receive your device there are several pre-installed apps from PMN. One is a link to the online tablet version of The Inquirer. The second are two ‘e-readers’ for the digital versions of the print layout of the Philadelphia Inquirer and the Daily News. The rest just seem to be bloatware to me – advertisements (links to websites, basically) to Main Line Health, PMN, Dealy-o and Philly.com. So the real thing you are paying for are the subscription to the 2 e-reader apps for the Inq and Daily News.

What I like About The Inquirer and Daily News Apps

There are a few things that I do like about the apps. It’s nice that it will automatically download the papers while you are at home, and you don’t need the network to read them as you travel on your way to work. I take the train and the reception from AT&T is, let’s just say, unreliable. Using the paper app you can read through the paper just like the print version.

When I was a print newspaper subscriber, I liked reading the paper, but disliked all of the trash it generated. This is also a great way to reduce paper consumption and reduce distribution costs for the paper.

And Of Course, the Drawbacks

Specific to this device, there is a delay while reading the paper and moving around. With the processing power of a tablet, I assume you are going to see some of this latency. I’m curious how this e-version of the paper would look on something like the EeePad Transformer (@subewl, care to help me out with that?)

Non-specific to the device, the UI of the app seemed to be a bit confusing to me. You supposedly have the ability to click on headlines and be taken to a text-version of the article formatted to read on your screen. It only worked about half the time for me, I think it has to do with where the main text section was located. Hopefully this is just a bug they can iron out.

Why I Like Reading The Whole Paper

Sorry of this gets a bit philosophical for you, but I think there is a place for old-school journalism. It’s not about local news, if I want tidbits of local information I’ll check Twitter or Facebook. I like old-school journalism because it gets me in-depth coverage of local-ish news items.

Blogs have their place too, but I attribute their success to a different area of the brain. It’s the same area that OK or People scratches – breaking news, gossip, and ‘eye catching’ headlines. Having written for some major blogs – Lifehacker and MakeUseOf, it is amazing to see how much of the success of a blogger is attributed to the eye-catching quality of the title of the post. It takes one read through comments and you can tell that many do not even read the actual content, they read the headlines and form an opinion.

Newspapers are good, on the other hand, at really getting into the issues. They interview local people and analyze the issue much more than any blog that I’ve known.

The problem with newspapers is that they are trying to emulate the success of blogs. Instead, they need to focus on what they are good at – in depth coverage of local/national news, and bringing that to its audience in as user-friendly of a way as possible.

An e-Newspaper does not do this. I think The Daily is probably the best example I’ve seen of a newspaper making this transition the right way. Focus on the app. Creating version of the newspaper that is exactly like the paper version is not going to win you any subscribers.

Want to reach us in the digital age? We might have a shorter attention span but we still value good content.

Will the Phillytablet be a success?

This is certainly a tough call to make. I want it to work. Journalism as a whole has been under fire and the whole reason I gave this deal a shot – besides having the tablet itch for a while now – is that I want it to succeed. I’m probably the ideal customer for this tablet – my train commute giving me ample reading time – and I’m a news junkie to boot.

I just don’t see this being a long-term viable winning strategy for them. I think they are concerned that not enough people have access to tablets in order to get the e-edition of the paper. As we’ve seen tablet prices drop, I think if someone wants a tablet, they are going to buy one and this isn’t going to be a barrier to adoption of an e-newspaper. The barrier to adoption is that reading a full-version newspaper on a tiny device is never going to be as a fulfilling experience as holding out crisp newsprint.

To illustrate my point, I paged sadly by the crossword and sudoku puzzles. We used to get the physical paper just so that my wife could do those every week. With the e-edition, you can’t play them at all.

What can the Philly Media Network do to turn things around?

First of all, I think they need to drop the Phillytablet initiative and focus on content and delivery across all platforms – iOS, Android and Web. If they want to offer a tablet, give it as a gift if someone subscribes to the paper for a year or 2. They should be giving online access to everyone with an interest in the content, not just subscribers to a physical or electronic paper.

Also, they need to get with the times on the ordering process. You had to call a phone number to order the Philly tablet. You couldn’t order it online or pick it up in their store. This goes the same with their newspaper subscription, and in this day and age is a major drawback to adoption.

Let me know your thoughts

So, I’ve certainly been wrong before but I am curious about your thoughts. Do you think the Phillytablet has a shot? What is the future of print newspapers?

If you wanted to make it more than 3 posts, just change the limit to 5 or 10 or whatever you wish. You can also change the ordering and add additional filters via more SQL statements. If you wanted to do a list, encapulate the code with <ul> and just make them <li> entries.

I’m using this code in a WordPress template but it would work equally as well in any other PHP based application.

The tools to become a certificate authority, and therefore to publish your own SSL certificates, is included in a wide variety of systems – chances are if you have an Ubuntu or CentOS install you already have the capability of becoming an SSL certificate authority via OpenSSL.

The security, and by that I mean trust, that SSL certificates provide in major modern browsers is that only certificates that are signed by a limited number of authorities are trusted. Currently there are about 50 trusted certificate authorities in the world. [Wikipedia] If the certificate that is presented to your browser is signed by one of those CAs, then your browser trusts that it is a legitimate certificate.

Unfortunately in the real world, no computer system should be assumed safe. I would presume that all of the major CAs – Thawte, Comodo, DigiNotar and others have their private key under lock stock and barrel, but simply put, no computer system is safe from intrusion.

The Difference Between Encryption and Trust

SSL certificates play two roles in a browsing session – encryption and trust.

When you visit an SSL site on the HTTPS protocol, you are encrypting your session between two places. In a typical situation, the connection between your browser and server is encrypted, therefore any party which is trying to sniff your data in-between the two endpoints can not see your data.

Trust also occurs when you use an SSL certificate. When you visit mail.google.com, you assume that the certificate is only held by Google and therefore the data you are actually receiving is from mail.google.com, not mail.attacker.com.

The Man-In-The-Middle Attack

A man in the middle attack occurs when your internet connection has been intercepted and someone is playing an active role of sniffing your data in between the two connections. When traffic is unencrypted, this is trivial in nature. When it is encrypted, for example with an SSL certificate, it becomes much more difficult. If you are not planning on modifying the data and just want to see what is occurring between the two connections, it looks something like this:

MITM Intercepts traffic from legitimate HTTPS server -> MITM decodes the content and then re-encodes with its own SSL certificate -> MITM passes all traffic back and forth using the fake SSL certificate on the client’s side, while using the real SSL certificate on the server side.

This all relies on the client’s browser accepting the SSL certificate that the MITM presents. This is why the recent DigiNotar false SSL certificate in Iran for *.google.com is so troubling. Once you have a “legitimate” SSL certificate then a MITM can decode the data without the client even knowing. This violates both the trust and encryption aspects of SSL certificates.

What is being done to protect us against MITM attacks like this?

Google is using its massive number of web crawlers to take inventory of all SSL certificates it finds. It no doubt includes this in its search rankings as well (because if a web site bothers to get an SSL certificate, it indicates it is probably a higher value site), but it can be used to increase the security of sites as well when integrated into Chrome. EFF also runs the SSL Certificate Observatory which has a similar function. The way the *.google.com certificate was discovered was that Chrome gave an error when it noticed the serial number of the certificate did not match what Google had crawled previously. This is all well and good, but it does not work in all browsers and also still allows the site to load, and I doubt a non-technically savvy person would have caught it.

Revocation lists help to recall bad certificates, but by the time a certificate is discovered and revoked the damage has already been done.

The problem is that the whole CA system is flawed. Putting trust into 50 or so companies really is a disservice for end users. Let’s say the US government puts pressure on one of the CAs to issue a similar certificate. Not to mention any hacker gaining access to the CA’s root private certificate.

There are also some at work on a SSL certificate system mixed in with DNSSEC [Ed note: strangely enough, their certificate is currently expired]. The problem again is that the root DNS servers hold a lot of power, and traffic can be spoofed.

Convergence is another tool from @moxie__ which is currently available as a Firefox plugin. It allows you to specify trust authorities which can then tell you when a certificate is insecure. I wasn’t able to try it as I’ve upgraded to Firefox 6.0 and it wasn’t compatible, but it appears to have promise. My concern is that Joe user doesn’t have enough sense to run any security plugins that require any type of input. Any final solution to the SSL CA problem will need to be standards-based and not solved as a plugin.

What Can You Do To Help

Support the IETF and other research into alternatives to the current SSL Certificate Authority system. The SSL CA system is broke, and we need a replacement ASAP if we expect to keep our connections encrypted and private.

It all started after I backed the Kickstarter project for the isostick. Having never heard of a device before that would accept .iso images on a filesystem and then present them to the computer as a disc drive, I thought this was (and is) a pretty cool idea.

When browsing through the comments, I saw folks mentioning that this is just like the Zalman ZM-VE200 external hard drive enclosure. So of course I decided to do some research on this newly discovered gadget.

Overview

Size Comparison: ZM-VE200 on Lower Left, Normal External Drive on Top, External Disc Drive on Lower Right.

The Zalman ZM-VE200 at its core is an external sata hard drive enclosure. These have been around for a long time, allowing you to put your hard drive in an external enclosure and accessing the file system via a USB port. They are great for when you need to transfer a large amount of data and have an internet connection which isn’t up the the task in any reasonable amount of time.

This external enclosure can work just like that, an external USB drive. However, Zalman has added an extra layer of functionality on the enclosure by adding additional components which add features which I frankly haven’t seen anywhere else.

Zalman’s Additional Hardware Magic

The additional circuitry allows you to select an ISO which is present on the drive, and load it just as if it were a DVD or CDROM on the system. This means that instead of carrying around discs to install operating systems on, you simply put the ISOs on the drive and then select the correct ISO when you boot.

The Zalman ZM-VE200 Screen

When you boot/plug in the drive you actually have 3 modes available to you. Disc, Hard Drive or Dual. With Disc, files you place in the _ISO folder on the drive will be selectable via the wheel on the side of the device. As it was shipped the drive needs to be formatted as NTFS in order to show the ISO files, however with updated firmware you can actually use with FAT or NTFS.

Operation

Plugging in the hard drive

First thing you need to do is to install a SATA drive into the enclosure. This is pretty much a no-brainer, it only plugs in one direction. Slide the drive and circuitry back into the case and use the attached screws to secure the case to the drive/circuitboard. The screws are hidden by little rubber seals on the edge of the case.

The Menu Navigation Wheel

When plugging it into the system, you interact with the drive in a few ways. The initial scroll wheel position, when powered up, determines the mode:

• Hold Up to enter ODD or “Disc” mode
• Hold Center to enter Dual mode (both HDD and ODD modes)
• Hold Down to enter HDD only mode

eSATA Port on the ZM-VE200

An eSATA port and cable are also supplied. I did not use this mode in my testing. It requires that you still plug in the USB cable for power requirements, and I would assume you would see faster transfer rates while in eSATA mode.

Finally there is a small switch that enables write-protect mode. This makes it so that you won’t be able to accidentally change the data on the drive.

The only problem I had with the drive was when I first plugged it into my system via a USB extension cable. The drive did not even turn on, it actually just clicked a little bit. I changed USB ports and then it seemed to work fine. Also I’ve run into a situation where I plugged in the drive to a system that was off and then booted it, and the screen lit up but stayed blank. I believe this is because this drive requires more power than some USB ports can deliver, so if you have problems with it, try another USB port first to see if that fixes your problem.

I also had some problems occasionally mounting the ISO file, usually booting into ODD mode (hold the scroll wheel “up”) seemed to fix this problem.

Final Thoughts

When installing operating systems from this drive, the process is notably faster. Meaning, the transfer speed you see off of the “disc” on the drive is much faster than a normal CD or DVD drive. While there were some technical hiccups and gotchas, the drive works very well.

This “gadget” is a must-have tool for system technicians who find themselves constantly burning ISOs to discs. My co-worker who initially made fun of my fondness for new gadgets has since said I’ll have to pry this drive from his cold, dead hands. It is so useful that I am now recommending it to all of my sysadmin friends. At $50 it is a steal and you will even make your money back because you won’t be burning so many discs.

Official Zalman ZM-VE200 Product Site

Buy From Amazon

After figuring out that I had 2 out of 3 of my 1TB Seagate Barracuda hard drives in the array fail, I had to give the entire array up for a loss and test out my backup strategy. Fortunately it worked and there was no data loss. After receiving the replacement drives in from Seagate, I rebuilt the ZFS array (using raidz again) and went along my merry way. After another 6 months or so, I started getting some funky results from my other drive. Thinking it might have some issue as with the others, I removed the drive and ran Seatools on it (by the way, Seatools doesn’t offer a 64-bit Windows version – what year is this?).

The drive didn’t show any signs of failure, so I decided to wipe it and add it back into the array to see what happens. That, of course, is easier said than done.

One of the problems I ran into is that I am using Ubuntu and fuse to run zfs. Ubuntu has this nasty habit of changing around drive identifiers when USB devices are plugged in. So now when this drive is plugged in, it is on /dev/sde instead of /dev/sdd, which is now a USB attached drive.

No problem, I figure, I’ll offline the bad drive in the zpool and replace it with the new drive location. No such luck.

First I offlined the drive using zpool offline media /dev/sdd:

Now that it’s offline, I thought you should be able to detach it. No such luck – since it is a ‘primary’ device of the zpool it does not allow you to remove it.

What they want you to do is replace the drive with another drive. This drive (the same drive, with all info wiped from it) is now on /dev/sde. I try to replace it:

Even with -f it doesn’t allow the replacement, because the system thinks that the drive is part of another pool.

So basically you are stuck if trying to test a replacement with a drive that already been used in the pool. I’m sure I could replace it with another 1TB disk but what is the point of that?

I ended up resolving the problem by removing the external USB drive, therefore putting the drive back into the original /dev/sdd slot. Without issuing any commands, the system now sees the drive as the old one, and starts resilvering the drive.

It is interesting to see what it looks like from an i/o perspective. The system reads from the two good drives and writes to the new (bad) one. Using iostat -x:

It seems that ZFS is able to identify a hard drive by GID somehow but doesn’t automatically use it in the pool. This makes it so that you can’t test a drive by removing it, formatting it, and putting it into a new location. Basically, zfs assumes that your drives are always going to be in the same /dev location, which isn’t always true. As soon as you attach a USB drive in Ubuntu things are going to shift around.

After the resilver is complete, the zpool status is:

You can now clear the error with:

Zpool status now shows no errors:

So now the question I have is this: Are you able to manually update or remove the drive status somewhere in your system? How did zfs know that this drive already had a pool installed on it? I zeroed the drive and verified with fdisk there were no partition on it. Is there a file somewhere on the system that stores this information, or is it written somewhere on the drive?

ZFS is great, but it still has some little issues like this that give me pause before using it in a production system. Then again, I suppose all massive disk array systems have their little quirks!

You might see it running on your system as follows:

If your system is static and the devices do not change, you can actually disable this service using a policy entry.

Create a file in your policy directory, for example /etc/hal/fdi/policy/99-custom.fdi. Add the text:

Save and reload the hald using /etc/init.d/haldaemon restart.

And you will find that service no longer is polling your hardware.

Of course to turn it back on, remove that policy entry and restart the haldaemon again, it will be back in service.

Solution Credit: Linuxforums User cn77

The syntax for pascal is a bit verbose, that is the main complaint about it. There are a number of others, but that is beyond the scope of this howto.

Installing The Pascal Compiler on Ubuntu

Installing Pascal in modern Ubuntu is a cinch. The Free Pascal Compiler, or fpc, is all that you need to get started. It works great on 32-bit or 64-bit systems. Install with:

Any prerequisites will automatically download and install along with fpc.

Getting Started in Pascal

To test the compiler let’s start with a simple Hello World program. Open up hello.pas and enter:

Compile with fpc hello.pas and run:

Selection Sort in Pascal

Now that we’ve verified it is running, I’m going to show you the code that I wrote for my program. Basically we were asked to Selection Sort two arrays of varying length. Apparently one of the (bad) features of Pascal originally was that you needed to declare the length of the array which made it a pain to work with them.

In this situation it is just two arrays so it isn’t too bad. Enter your array by creating two text files arrayA.txt and arrayB.txt. One number per line. The source code for sort.pas is:

Compile and run (ok to ignore the compile-time errors)

And there you have it. Compiling Pascal program on Ubuntu is an easy way to get your feet wet in programming. Pascal is a great beginner’s programming language, but if you want to learn more there are a number of great resources available for learning Pascal.