<!doctype html>
<html lang="en"  >
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
    <title data-react-helmet="true">MIT Technology Review | MIT Technology Review</title>
    
    <link data-react-helmet="true" rel="shortcut icon" href="static/media/favicon.e6925c50.ico"/><link data-react-helmet="true" rel="amphtml" href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/04/15/999085/who-trump-funding-cut-bad/amp/"/>
    
    

    
    <style id="critical-css">.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}a,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,em,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,object,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{border:0;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box;font:inherit;font-size:100%;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline}html{background-color:#fff}body{line-height:1;background-color:#f3f3f3;color:#444;font-family:NeueHaas,input mono,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;line-height:1.231;max-width:100vw;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;-ms-overflow-style:-ms-autohiding-scrollbar;width:100%}@font-face{font-family:MillerDisplay;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-roman.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-roman.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:MillerDisplay;font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-italic.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-italic.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:MillerDisplay;font-style:italic;font-weight:100;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-lightitalic.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-lightitalic.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:MillerDisplay;font-style:normal;font-weight:100;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-light.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-light.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:MillerDisplay;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-bold.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-bold.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:MillerDisplay;font-style:normal;font-weight:600;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-semibold.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-semibold.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:MillerDisplay;font-style:italic;font-weight:600;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-semibolditalic.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millerdisplay-semibolditalic.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:MillerText;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millertext-roman.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millertext-roman.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:MillerText;font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millertext-italic.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millertext-italic.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:MillerText;font-style:normal;font-weight:600;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millertext-bold.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millertext-bold.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:MillerText;font-style:italic;font-weight:600;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millertext-bolditalic.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/font-bureau-millertext-bolditalic.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:NeueHaas;font-style:normal;font-weight:100;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-15ultth.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-15ultth.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:NeueHaas;font-style:normal;font-weight:200;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-25th.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-25th.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:NeueHaas;font-style:normal;font-weight:300;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-35xlt.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-35xlt.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:NeueHaas;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-55rg.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-55rg.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:NeueHaas;font-style:normal;font-weight:600;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-65md.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-65md.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:NeueHaas;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-75bd.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-75bd.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:NeueHaas;font-style:normal;font-weight:900;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-95blk.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-95blk.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:Independent;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/independent-regular.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-95blk.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:Independent;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/independent-bold.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-95blk.ttf) format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:Independent;font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/independent-italic.woff) format("woff"),url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/fonts/nhaasgroteskdsstd-95blk.ttf) format("truetype")}::-moz-selection{background:#888;color:#fff;text-shadow:none}::selection{background:#888;color:#fff;text-shadow:none}body,input,select,textarea{color:#111}a{background:transparent;color:inherit;font-size:100%;margin:0;padding:0;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline}*{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}abbr,address,article,aside,audio,b,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,em,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,object,ol,p,pre,q,samp,section,small,span,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,ul,var,video{background:transparent;border:0;font-size:100%;margin:0;outline:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline}article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,menu,nav,section{display:block}img{line-height:0;vertical-align:middle}nav ul{list-style:none}blockquote,q{quotes:none}blockquote:after,blockquote:before,q:after,q:before{content:"";content:none}ins{text-decoration:none}ins,mark{background-color:#ff9;color:#000}mark{font-style:italic;font-weight:700}del{text-decoration:line-through}abbr[title],dfn[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}hr{border:0;border-top:1px solid #ccc;display:block;height:1px;margin:1em 0;padding:0}input,select{vertical-align:middle}button,input,select,textarea{font:99% sans-serif}code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:monospace,sans-serif}input,select,textarea{color:#111}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6{font-weight:600}html{overflow-y:scroll}ol,ul{list-style:none}ol{list-style-type:decimal}nav li,nav ul{margin:0}small{font-size:85%}strong,th{font-weight:700}td,td img{vertical-align:top}sub{vertical-align:sub}sub,sup{font-size:12px}sup{vertical-align:super}textarea{overflow:auto}input[type=radio]{vertical-align:text-bottom}input[type=checkbox]{vertical-align:bottom}button,input[type=button],input[type=submit],label{cursor:pointer}button,input,select,textarea{margin:0}button{background:transparent;border:0;overflow:visible;padding:0;width:auto}.no-boxshadow input:invalid,.no-boxshadow textarea:invalid{background-color:#f0dddd}.screen-reader-text{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;word-wrap:normal}@media (min-width:60rem){.content-right{float:right;position:relative;width:auto}}@media (min-width:60rem){.content-left{float:left;position:relative;width:auto}}.content-center{margin:0 auto;text-align:left}.app__wrapper--17_pO{-ms-flex-flow:column nowrap;flex-flow:column nowrap;min-height:100vh}.app__skipLink--z5h7i,.app__wrapper--17_pO{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}.app__skipLink--z5h7i{border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;word-wrap:normal;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;left:0;text-transform:uppercase;top:0;z-index:9999}.app__skipLink--z5h7i:active,.app__skipLink--z5h7i:focus{background-color:#fff;border:2px solid #000;clip:auto;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;color:#000;height:2.5rem;margin:0;padding:0;width:12.5rem}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.header__headroom--2Y_W7{height:0!important}.headroom{left:0;position:fixed;right:0;top:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(-100%);transform:translateY(-100%);-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform .2s ease-in;transition:-webkit-transform .2s ease-in;transition:transform .2s ease-in;transition:transform .2s ease-in,-webkit-transform .2s ease-in;z-index:1100}.headroom--unfixed{top:-3.875rem}.headroom--pinned,.headroom--unpinned{-webkit-transform:translateY(0);transform:translateY(0)}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.headerTemplate__container--3ZEzK{background-color:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid #c8c8c8;color:#000;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;margin:0 auto;min-height:3.875rem;width:100%;z-index:1100}.headerTemplate__container--3ZEzK,.headerTemplate__wrapper--YdhXB{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;position:relative}.headerTemplate__wrapper--YdhXB{max-width:100%;padding-left:1.25rem;padding-right:1.25rem;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*12 + 2.5rem);-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;margin:.625rem auto 0;padding-bottom:0}@media (min-width:82rem){.headerTemplate__wrapper--YdhXB{max-width:81.875rem}}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.headerTemplate__wrapper--YdhXB{margin:1.875rem auto 0}}.headerTemplate__wrapper--YdhXB.headerTemplate__isHeadroom--13Fwe{-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.headerTemplate__wrapper--YdhXB.headerTemplate__isHeadroom--13Fwe{margin:.625rem auto 0}}.headerTemplate__logo--3wEZx{-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*4);max-width:26.45833rem}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.headerTemplate__logo--3wEZx{width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*3);max-width:19.84375rem}}@media (min-width:60rem){.headerTemplate__logo--3wEZx{margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12);width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*2);max-width:13.22917rem}}@media (min-width:81.875rem){.headerTemplate__logo--3wEZx{margin-left:6.61458rem}}.headerTemplate__logo--3wEZx.headerTemplate__headroomLogo--3fZG3{width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*4);max-width:26.45833rem}@media (min-width:60rem){.headerTemplate__logo--3wEZx.headerTemplate__headroomLogo--3fZG3{margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*0);width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*3);max-width:19.84375rem}}@media (min-width:81.875rem){.headerTemplate__logo--3wEZx.headerTemplate__headroomLogo--3fZG3{margin-left:0}}.headerTemplate__logoStacked--SLneu{bottom:.5rem;display:none;-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;margin-bottom:0;margin-left:-.437rem;position:relative}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.headerTemplate__logoStacked--SLneu{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}}.headerTemplate__logoStacked--SLneu svg{display:block;height:6.25rem;width:11.5rem}.headerTemplate__logoHorizontal--1O4Ic svg{display:block;height:1.25rem;width:13.125rem}.headerTemplate__headroom--3NvCM .headerTemplate__logoHorizontal--1O4Ic svg{height:.938rem;width:13.125rem}.headerTemplate__logoHorizontal--1O4Ic.headerTemplate__logoHorizontalHeadroom--1bt1W svg{height:1.25rem;width:10rem}.headerTemplate__headroom--3NvCM .headerTemplate__logoHorizontal--1O4Ic.headerTemplate__logoHorizontalHeadroom--1bt1W svg{height:.938rem;width:10rem}.headerTemplate__logoT--3L7lM{-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*2);max-width:13.22917rem}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.headerTemplate__logoT--3L7lM{width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12);max-width:6.61458rem}}.headerTemplate__logoT--3L7lM svg{display:block;height:1.375rem;width:1.375rem}.headerTemplate__leaderboardRow--1kfZf{-ms-flex:1 0 100%;flex:1 0 100%;min-height:5.625rem;width:100%}.headerTemplate__leaderboardRow--1kfZf .adUnit[loaded=true]{margin:1.25rem 0}.headerTemplate__navigation--3N0Bf{-ms-flex-line-pack:end;align-content:flex-end;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:column nowrap;flex-flow:column nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;margin-left:0;position:static;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*5);max-width:33.07292rem}.headerTemplate__isHeadroom--13Fwe .headerTemplate__navigation--3N0Bf{width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*6);max-width:39.6875rem}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.headerTemplate__isHeadroom--13Fwe .headerTemplate__navigation--3N0Bf{width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*7);max-width:46.30208rem}}@media (min-width:60rem){.headerTemplate__isHeadroom--13Fwe .headerTemplate__navigation--3N0Bf{width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*8);max-width:52.91667rem}}.headerTemplate__menuRow--Yxgsz{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end}.headerTemplate__menu--1sSdR,.headerTemplate__menuRow--Yxgsz{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;position:static}.headerTemplate__menu--1sSdR{display:none}@media only screen and (min-width:790px){.headerTemplate__menu--1sSdR{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}}.headerTemplate__button--3Ylhk{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding:.938rem .625rem;z-index:2}.headerTemplate__button--3Ylhk svg{display:block;height:1.188rem;position:relative;top:-2px;width:1.938rem}.headerTemplate__buttonVisualContent--3XM1h{display:block;height:100%;width:100%}.headerTemplate__expandedButton--1z0s4{background-color:#fff;height:auto;text-decoration:underline;width:auto;z-index:999}.headerTemplate__megaMenu--2Ndtk{background-color:#000;color:#fff;left:0;position:absolute;width:100%;z-index:1}.headerTemplate__userGreeting--625xY{display:none}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.headerTemplate__userGreeting--625xY{display:block}}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.userGreeting__wrapper--12jWF{-ms-flex-align:end;align-items:flex-end;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;margin-bottom:.938rem}.userGreeting__button--3N_Dg{background:#fff;border:1px solid #000;color:#000;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;font-family:NeueHaas,input mono,sans-serif;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.14;padding:.625rem 1.25rem;text-align:center}.userGreeting__button--dark--1u0dv,.userGreeting__button--3N_Dg:focus,.userGreeting__button--3N_Dg:hover{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.userGreeting__button--dark--1u0dv{border-color:#fff}.userGreeting__button--dark--1u0dv:focus,.userGreeting__button--dark--1u0dv:hover{background-color:#fff;color:#000}.userGreeting__subscribe--3dFsW{border-color:#f90e1e;color:#f90e1e;margin-left:1rem}.userGreeting__subscribe--3dFsW:focus,.userGreeting__subscribe--3dFsW:hover{background-color:#f90e1e;color:#fff}.userGreeting__subscribe--dark--KEIsd{background-color:#000}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.menu__list--xkWvX,.menu__wrapper--2tnWs{width:100%}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.footerMenu__wrapper--xiRSo{width:100%}.footerMenu__list--1cTFT{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:column wrap;flex-flow:column wrap}@media (min-width:60rem){.footerMenu__list--1cTFT{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap}}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.footerMenu__list--1cTFT{-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row}}.footerMenu__list--1cTFT>li{margin-bottom:.938rem}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.footerMenu__list--1cTFT>li{padding-right:1rem;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*5);max-width:33.07292rem}}@media (min-width:82rem){.footerMenu__list--1cTFT>li{width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*2);max-width:13.22917rem}}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.footerMenu__list--1cTFT>li:nth-of-type(5){margin-right:0}}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.headerMenu__list--1bhxf{-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.topMenu__wrapper--1V_LY{width:100%}.topMenu__list--211OC{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:column nowrap;flex-flow:column nowrap}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.topMenu__list--211OC{-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}}@media (min-width:60rem){.topMenu__list--211OC{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap}}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.topMenu__list--211OC>li{margin-bottom:1.25rem;padding-right:1rem;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*5);max-width:33.07292rem}}@media (min-width:82rem){.topMenu__list--211OC>li{width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*4);max-width:26.45833rem}}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.topMenu__list--211OC>li:nth-of-type(5){margin-right:0}}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.menuItem__wrapper--2F3dl{-ms-flex-line-pack:center;align-content:center;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:column nowrap;flex-flow:column nowrap;-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start}.menuItem__link--b-x5W{display:block;font-family:NeueHaas,input mono,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.13;padding-bottom:.5rem}.menuItem__link--b-x5W:focus,.menuItem__link--b-x5W:hover{text-decoration:underline}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.footerMenuItem__parent--iAVkl{-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;color:#fff;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;font-family:NeueHaas,input mono,sans-serif;font-weight:900;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;overflow:hidden;padding-bottom:.75rem;text-align:left;width:100%}.footerMenuItem__isChildless--1TzVd{-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.footerMenuItem__isChildless--1TzVd{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap}}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.headerMenuItem__wrapper--3mUtz{position:relative}.headerMenuItem__wrapper--3mUtz:last-of-type .headerMenuItem__childMenu--2KwYe{left:auto;right:0}.headerMenuItem__parent--3Kg0H{background-color:transparent;border:0;color:#000;font-family:NeueHaas,input mono,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;font-weight:600;padding:.938rem .625rem;text-align:left}.headerMenuItem__childMenu--2KwYe{background-color:#000;border-top:.188rem solid #fff;color:#fff;left:0;position:absolute;top:100%;width:11.375rem}.headerMenuItem__link--1Uk-B{display:block;font-family:NeueHaas,input mono,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.231;padding:.375rem .625rem}.headerMenuItem__link--1Uk-B:focus,.headerMenuItem__link--1Uk-B:hover{text-decoration:underline}.headerMenuItem__isExpanded--1cVPF{background-color:#000;color:#fff}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.topMenuItem__wrapper--2D0Q_.topMenuItem__hasChildren--w_zfx{margin-bottom:1.25rem}@media (min-width:82rem){.topMenuItem__wrapper--2D0Q_.topMenuItem__hasChildren--w_zfx{margin-bottom:0}}.topMenuItem__wrapper--2D0Q_ h3{font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:900;margin-bottom:.625rem}.topMenuItem__link--1XN_e{display:block;padding-bottom:.313rem}.topMenuItem__link--1XN_e,.topMenuItem__parent--1XcAy{font-size:1.25rem}.topMenuItem__parent--1XcAy{color:#fff;font-family:NeueHaas,input mono,sans-serif;font-weight:900;margin-bottom:.625rem}@media (min-width:60rem){.topMenuItem__parent--1XcAy{margin-bottom:1.25rem}}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.body__content--2FEkf{padding-top:.938rem}@media (min-width:60rem){.body__content--2FEkf{padding-top:1.25rem}}.body--article .body__content--2FEkf,.body--author .body__content--2FEkf,.body--feed .body__content--2FEkf,.body--search .body__content--2FEkf,.body-magazine .body__content--2FEkf{background-color:#f3f3f3}.body--magazine .body__content--2FEkf{padding-top:2.5rem}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.body--magazine .body__content--2FEkf{padding-top:3.75rem}}.body--35-list .body__content--2FEkf{padding:0}@media (min-width:82rem){.body--35-list .body__content--2FEkf{padding:0}}.body--innovators-list .body__content--2FEkf{padding:0}@media (min-width:82rem){.body--innovators-list .body__content--2FEkf{padding:0}}.body__obscureContent--3qe0X{max-height:81.25rem;overflow:hidden!important;position:relative}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.body__obscureContent--3qe0X{max-height:87.5rem}}@media (min-width:60rem){.body__obscureContent--3qe0X{max-height:137.5rem}}.body__obscureContent--3qe0X:after{background:-webkit-gradient(linear,left top,left bottom,color-stop(0,hsla(0,0%,100%,0)),to(#fff));background:linear-gradient(180deg,hsla(0,0%,100%,0),#fff);bottom:0;content:"";display:block;height:100vh;position:absolute;width:100%;z-index:2}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.columnArea--feed__wrapper--2tKpu{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding-bottom:.938rem;width:100%}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.columnArea--feed__wrapper--2tKpu{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*12);max-width:79.375rem}}.columnArea--feed__main--LqFhy{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*12);max-width:79.375rem;margin-bottom:3.125rem;width:100%}@media (min-width:60rem){.columnArea--feed__main--LqFhy{margin-bottom:0;margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12);-webkit-transform:translateX(-1.25rem);transform:translateX(-1.25rem);width:calc(50vw + 1.25rem)}}@media (min-width:81.875rem){.columnArea--feed__main--LqFhy{margin-left:6.61458rem}}@media (min-width:82rem){.columnArea--feed__main--LqFhy{width:42.1875rem}}.columnArea--feed__sidebar--3Zxn6{display:none;width:100%}@media (min-width:60rem){.columnArea--feed__sidebar--3Zxn6{display:block;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*4);max-width:26.45833rem}}@media (min-width:82rem){.columnArea--feed__sidebar--3Zxn6{margin-left:4.11458rem;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*4);max-width:26.45833rem}}.columnArea--feed__sidebar--3Zxn6 .adUnit{-ms-flex-pack:start;justify-content:flex-start;margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12)}@media (min-width:81.875rem){.columnArea--feed__sidebar--3Zxn6 .adUnit{margin-left:6.61458rem}}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.columnArea--fullStory__wrapper--1t4GQ{padding-top:2.5rem}.columnArea--fullStory__main--250mb{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*12);max-width:79.375rem}@media (min-width:60rem){.columnArea--fullStory__main--250mb{max-width:38.4375rem;margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12);width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*6 - 1.25rem)}}@media (min-width:81.875rem){.columnArea--fullStory__main--250mb{margin-left:6.61458rem}}.columnArea--fullStory__sidebar--1GJGP{display:none}@media (min-width:60rem){.columnArea--fullStory__sidebar--1GJGP{display:block;padding-left:1.25rem;padding-right:0;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*4);max-width:26.45833rem}}@media (min-width:82rem){.columnArea--fullStory__sidebar--1GJGP{padding-left:0;padding-right:1.25rem;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*3);max-width:19.84375rem}}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.columnArea--magazine__wrapper--2GJf3{padding-bottom:3.125rem;padding-top:0}.columnArea--magazine__column--HqmcR{}.columnArea--magazine__main--2MWnk{}.columnArea--magazine__sidebar--1enAB{display:block}.columnArea--magazine__sidebar--1enAB h2{margin-right:0}.columnArea--magazine__container--hKAyR{}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.columnArea--oneCol__wrapper--2IYng{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;max-width:100%;padding-left:1.25rem;padding-right:1.25rem;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*12 + 2.5rem);display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding-bottom:.938rem}@media (min-width:82rem){.columnArea--oneCol__wrapper--2IYng{max-width:81.875rem}}.columnArea--oneCol__main--2ZiPS{margin-bottom:3.75rem;margin-top:0;width:100%}@media (min-width:60rem){.columnArea--oneCol__main--2ZiPS{margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*3);width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*7);max-width:46.30208rem}}@media (min-width:81.875rem){.columnArea--oneCol__main--2ZiPS{margin-left:19.84375rem}}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.columnArea--page__wrapper--2t7Bu{}.columnArea--page__main--eXwLk{margin:0 auto;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*12);max-width:79.375rem}@media (min-width:60rem){.columnArea--page__main--eXwLk{margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12);width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*7);max-width:46.30208rem}}@media (min-width:81.875rem){.columnArea--page__main--eXwLk{margin-left:6.61458rem}}.columnArea--page__sidebar--1ZTS_{display:none}@media (min-width:60rem){.columnArea--page__sidebar--1ZTS_{display:block;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*3);max-width:19.84375rem}}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.columnArea--centered__wrapper--1YW_5{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*12);max-width:79.375rem;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding-bottom:.938rem;padding-top:2.5rem}.columnArea--centered__main--15UGW{margin:0 auto 3.75rem;width:100%}@media (min-width:60rem){.columnArea--centered__main--15UGW{margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12);width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*11);max-width:72.76042rem}}@media (min-width:81.875rem){.columnArea--centered__main--15UGW{margin-left:6.61458rem}}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.columnArea--tr50__wrapper--2Cd6g{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;padding-bottom:.938rem;padding-top:2.5rem;width:100%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*12);max-width:79.375rem}.columnArea--tr50__sidebar--3VpWN{-ms-flex-order:1;order:1;width:100%}@media (min-width:60rem){.columnArea--tr50__sidebar--3VpWN{width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*2);max-width:13.22917rem}}@media (min-width:82rem){.columnArea--tr50__sidebar--3VpWN{display:block;margin-right:4.11458rem;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*2);max-width:13.22917rem}}.columnArea--tr50__main--1foml{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*12);max-width:79.375rem;margin-bottom:3.125rem;-ms-flex-order:2;order:2;width:100%}@media (min-width:60rem){.columnArea--tr50__main--1foml{margin-bottom:0;-webkit-transform:translateX(-1.25rem);transform:translateX(-1.25rem);width:48.80208rem}}@media (min-width:82rem){.columnArea--tr50__main--1foml{width:62.03125rem}}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.columnArea--hub__wrapper--3A9Z9{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap;-ms-flex-pack:justify;justify-content:space-between;margin:0;padding-bottom:.938rem;padding-top:2.5rem}.columnArea--hub__main--_78n_{margin:0 auto 3.75rem;width:100%}@media (min-width:60rem){.columnArea--hub__main--_78n_{margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12);width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*11);max-width:72.76042rem}}@media (min-width:81.875rem){.columnArea--hub__main--_78n_{margin-left:6.61458rem}}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.error404__wrapper--2ez42{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.error404__heading--3bcvE{display:inline;font-weight:400}.error404__link--27Afa{font-weight:600}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.footer__container--1uYiT{background-color:#000;color:#fff;display:block;justify-self:flex-end;margin:2.813rem auto 0;width:100%}.footer__wrapper--3kGR7{max-width:100%;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*12 + 2.5rem);margin:0 auto;padding:1.875rem 1.25rem 0}@media (min-width:82rem){.footer__wrapper--3kGR7{max-width:81.875rem}}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.footer__wrapper--3kGR7{padding-top:3.125rem}}.footer__header--1ux70{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:column nowrap;flex-flow:column nowrap;margin-bottom:1.875rem}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.footer__header--1ux70{-ms-flex-flow:row nowrap;flex-flow:row nowrap;margin-bottom:3.125rem}}.footer__icon--3WgpB{background-image:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/img/tr-glyph-v2--white.svg);background-position:50% 50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;display:none;height:2.125rem}@media (min-width:60rem){.footer__icon--3WgpB{display:block;margin-right:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*2);max-width:13.22917rem}}.footer__intro--3pVSj{display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:column nowrap;flex-flow:column nowrap;-ms-flex-order:1;order:1;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*8);max-width:52.91667rem}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.footer__intro--3pVSj{margin-right:0;width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*6);max-width:39.6875rem}}@media (min-width:60rem){.footer__intro--3pVSj{width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*6);max-width:39.6875rem}}.footer__title--3ZSCw{background-image:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/img/horizontal-logo-v2--white.svg);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;height:2.25rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem;max-width:100%;overflow:hidden;text-indent:-9999px;width:23.5rem}.footer__missionStatement--fX8wK{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.35}.footer__editionsLink--3Hmb1,.footer__missionStatement--fX8wK{font-family:NeueHaas,input mono,sans-serif;margin-bottom:1.25rem}.footer__editionsLink--3Hmb1{border:1px solid #fff;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:column nowrap;flex-flow:column nowrap;font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:700;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end;line-height:1.25;-ms-flex-order:3;order:3;padding:.5rem 2rem .688rem .5rem;position:relative;-webkit-transition:color 125ms ease-in-out;transition:color 125ms ease-in-out;width:100%}.footer__editionsLink--3Hmb1:after{background-image:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/img/plus--white.svg);background-position:50% 50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;content:"";display:block;height:.75rem;position:absolute;right:.625rem;top:.625rem;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 235ms ease;transition:-webkit-transform 235ms ease;transition:transform 235ms ease;transition:transform 235ms ease,-webkit-transform 235ms ease;width:.75rem}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.footer__editionsLink--3Hmb1{margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*2);width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*2);max-width:13.22917rem}}@media (min-width:60rem){.footer__editionsLink--3Hmb1{margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*2);width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*2);max-width:13.22917rem}}@media (min-width:81.875rem){.footer__editionsLink--3Hmb1{margin-left:13.22917rem}}.footer__editionsLink--3Hmb1:focus,.footer__editionsLink--3Hmb1:hover{background-color:#fff;color:#000;outline:none}.footer__editionsLink--3Hmb1:focus:after,.footer__editionsLink--3Hmb1:hover:after{background-image:url(https://cdn.technologyreview.com/_/img/plus.svg)}.footer__editionsLink--3Hmb1>span{display:block}.footer__copyright--1bDpy{font-family:NeueHaas,input mono,sans-serif;font-size:.875rem;padding-bottom:1.25rem}@media (min-width:60rem){.footer__copyright--1bDpy{margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*2);width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*10);max-width:66.14583rem}}@media (min-width:81.875rem){.footer__copyright--1bDpy{margin-left:13.22917rem}}.footer__menu--1o2ni{margin-bottom:1.875rem;width:100%}@media (min-width:39.375rem){.footer__menu--1o2ni{margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*0)}}@media (min-width:81.875rem){.footer__menu--1o2ni{margin-left:0}}@media (min-width:60rem){.footer__menu--1o2ni{margin-left:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*2);width:calc((100vw - 2.5rem)/12*10);max-width:66.14583rem}}@media (min-width:81.875rem){.footer__menu--1o2ni{margin-left:13.22917rem}}.monogramTLogo{height:14px;margin-left:10px;width:14px}.overlayFooter__wrapper--3DhFn{background-color:#303030;bottom:0;color:#fff;left:0;position:fixed;width:100%;z-index:1000}.overlayFooter__wrapper--3DhFn:empty{display:none}</style>

    
    <script>
      window.__ENV__ = {"ZEPHR_ROOT_URL":"https://zephr.technologyreview.com","ROOT_URL":"https://www.technologyreview.com","API_ROOT_URL":"https://wp.technologyreview.com/wp-json/irving/v1","ONETRUST_ENABLED":"1","NODE_ENV":"production"};
    </script>

    <script data-react-helmet="true" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-TRBQMN" async="true"></script><script data-react-helmet="true" >
            window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
            if (true) {
              var data = {"documentTitle":"MIT Technology Review | MIT Technology Review","articleId":null,"articleTopic":null,"articleSubtopic":null,"author":null,"contentType":"post","paywallType":null,"publishDate":null,"storyFormat":null,"updatedDate":null,"wordCount":null,"siteEngine":"wp.irving"};
              data.event = 'irving.initialRender';
              window.dataLayer.push(data);
            }
          </script><script data-react-helmet="true" type="application/ld+json" id="Organization">{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"MIT Technology Review","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","addressLocality":"Cambridge, MA, USA","postalCode":"02142","streetAddress":"1 Main Street"}}</script>

    
    <script defer id="preload">
      window.__PRELOADED_STATE__ = {"componentData":{},"components":{"defaults":[{"name":"google-tag-manager","config":{"containerId":"","title":"","dataLayer":{"articleId":"","articleTopic":"","author":"","contentType":"","paywallType":"","publishDate":"","storyFormat":"","updatedDate":"","wordCount":"","siteEngine":""}},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"blueconic","config":{},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"head","config":{},"children":[{"name":"title","config":{},"children":["MIT Technology Review"],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"header","config":{"homeUrl":"https://www.technologyreview.com/"},"children":[{"name":"user-greeting","config":{"themeName":"light"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"ad-unit","config":{"adUnit":"__site/__leaderboard","shouldLoad":true,"sizes":[[1,1],[320,50],[320,100],[728,90],[768,250],[970,90],[970,250]],"sizeMapping":[{"viewport":[640,480],"sizes":[[728,90],[768,250],[970,90],[970,250]]},{"viewport":[0,0],"sizes":[[1,1],[320,50],[320,100]]}]},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"header"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899373,"label":"Topics","url":"/topics","themeName":"header","useHover":true},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Topics","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899382,"label":"The Big Story","url":"/collection/the-big-story/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899374,"label":"Election 2020","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/election-2020/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899369,"label":"Artificial intelligence","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/artificial-intelligence/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899376,"label":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/biotechnology/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899375,"label":"Blockchain","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/blockchain/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899377,"label":"Climate change","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/climate-change/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899370,"label":"Computing","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/computing/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899378,"label":"Humans and technology","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/humans-and-technology/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899372,"label":"Tech policy","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/tech-policy/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899379,"label":"Silicon Valley","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/silicon-valley/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899380,"label":"Smart cities","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/smart-cities/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899381,"label":"Space","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/space/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899383,"label":"Magazine","url":"/magazines","themeName":"header","useHover":true},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Magazine","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899384,"label":"Read the latest issue","url":"/magazines/the-coronavirus-issue/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899385,"label":"Read previous issues","url":"/magazines/the-predictions-issue/#past-issues","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899401,"label":"Subscribe to the magazine","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/subscribe/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899402,"label":"Manage your subscription","url":"https://subscribe.technologyreview.com/ecom/mtr/app/live/subcustserv?pagemode=start&org=MTR&publ=TR&php=Y&_ga=2.242036544.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899403,"label":"MIT News","url":"/magazines/the-intersection-of-interesting-and-feasible/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899386,"label":"Newsletters","url":"/newsletters","themeName":"header","useHover":true},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Newsletters","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":999169,"label":"Coronavirus Tech Report","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/coronavirus-tech-report/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899394,"label":"Daily briefing","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/the-download/?_ga=2.132154188.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899396,"label":"Artificial intelligence","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/the-algorithm/?_ga=2.73223377.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899397,"label":"Future economy","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/fwd-economy/?_ga=2.73223377.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899398,"label":"Space","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/the-airlock/?_ga=2.166036732.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899399,"label":"Weekend Reads","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/weekend-reads/?_ga=2.166036732.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899400,"label":"View all newsletters","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/newsletters/?_ga=2.166036732.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899387,"label":"Events","url":"/events","themeName":"header","useHover":true},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Events","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899388,"label":"EmTech","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/emtech/19/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899389,"label":"EmTech Digital","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/emtech/digital/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899390,"label":"EmTech Next","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/emtech/next/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899391,"label":"Future Compute","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/future-compute/?_ga=2.133537868.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899392,"label":"View events video","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/video/?_ga=2.132154188.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899393,"label":"View all events","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/events/?_ga=2.132154188.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"mega-menu","config":{},"children":[{"name":"search-bar","config":{"query":"","theme":""},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"user-greeting","config":{"themeName":"dark","context":"mega-menu"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"top"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899373,"label":"Topics","url":"/topics","themeName":"top"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Topics","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899382,"label":"The Big Story","url":"/collection/the-big-story/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899374,"label":"Election 2020","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/election-2020/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899369,"label":"Artificial intelligence","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/artificial-intelligence/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899376,"label":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/biotechnology/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899375,"label":"Blockchain","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/blockchain/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899377,"label":"Climate change","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/climate-change/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899370,"label":"Computing","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/computing/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899378,"label":"Humans and technology","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/humans-and-technology/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899372,"label":"Tech policy","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/tech-policy/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899379,"label":"Silicon Valley","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/silicon-valley/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899380,"label":"Smart cities","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/smart-cities/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899381,"label":"Space","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/space/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899383,"label":"Magazine","url":"/magazines","themeName":"top"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Magazine","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899384,"label":"Read the latest issue","url":"/magazines/the-coronavirus-issue/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899385,"label":"Read previous issues","url":"/magazines/the-predictions-issue/#past-issues","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899401,"label":"Subscribe to the magazine","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/subscribe/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899402,"label":"Manage your subscription","url":"https://subscribe.technologyreview.com/ecom/mtr/app/live/subcustserv?pagemode=start&org=MTR&publ=TR&php=Y&_ga=2.242036544.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899403,"label":"MIT News","url":"/magazines/the-intersection-of-interesting-and-feasible/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899386,"label":"Newsletters","url":"/newsletters","themeName":"top"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Newsletters","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":999169,"label":"Coronavirus Tech Report","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/coronavirus-tech-report/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899394,"label":"Daily briefing","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/the-download/?_ga=2.132154188.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899396,"label":"Artificial intelligence","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/the-algorithm/?_ga=2.73223377.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899397,"label":"Future economy","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/fwd-economy/?_ga=2.73223377.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899398,"label":"Space","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/the-airlock/?_ga=2.166036732.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899399,"label":"Weekend Reads","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/weekend-reads/?_ga=2.166036732.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899400,"label":"View all newsletters","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/newsletters/?_ga=2.166036732.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899387,"label":"Events","url":"/events","themeName":"top"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Events","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899388,"label":"EmTech","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/emtech/19/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899389,"label":"EmTech Digital","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/emtech/digital/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899390,"label":"EmTech Next","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/emtech/next/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899391,"label":"Future Compute","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/future-compute/?_ga=2.133537868.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899392,"label":"View events video","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/video/?_ga=2.132154188.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899393,"label":"View all events","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/events/?_ga=2.132154188.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899405,"label":"Lists","url":"/list","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Lists","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899406,"label":"10 Breakthrough Technologies","url":"/10-breakthrough-technologies/2020/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899407,"label":"35 Innovators Under 35","url":"/innovators-under-35/2019/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899408,"label":"More","url":"/about","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"More","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899416,"label":"Business Lab podcast","url":"/podcast/business-lab/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":950140,"label":"Deep Tech podcast","url":"/podcast/deep-tech/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899417,"label":"Custom content","url":"/custom-content","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":998810,"label":"Breakthrough-to-Impact","url":"/hub/breakthrough-to-impact/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899411,"label":"Company","url":"/about","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Company","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899415,"label":"About us","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/about/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899410,"label":"Advertise with us","url":"https://mediakit.technologyreview.com/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899421,"label":"Insights","url":"https://insights.techreview.com/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899420,"label":"International editions","url":"/international-editions","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899422,"label":"Policies","url":"/policies","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Policies","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899423,"label":"Editorial guidelines","url":"/editorial-guidelines","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899424,"label":"Terms of service","url":"/terms-of-service/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899425,"label":"Privacy","url":"/privacy","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":950139,"label":"Cookie statement","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/cookies/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899428,"label":"Account and Support","url":"/Account","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Account and Support","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899429,"label":"Help and FAQ","url":"/help","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899430,"label":"Contact us","url":"/contact","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899431,"label":"Sign in/Create an account","url":"/account","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899432,"label":"Manage your account","url":"https://subscribe.technologyreview.com/ecom/mtr/app/live/subcustserv?pagemode=start&org=MTR&publ=TR&php=Y&_ga=2.242036544.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"social-follow-module","config":{"services":{"twitter":"Twitter","facebook":"Facebook","instagram":"Instagram","rss":"RSS","linkedin":"LinkedIn"},"displayIcons":true,"themeName":"light","context":"mega-menu"},"children":[{"name":"social-item","config":{"displayIcon":true,"type":"twitter","url":"https://twitter.com/techreview","themeName":"light"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"social-item","config":{"displayIcon":true,"type":"facebook","url":"https://www.facebook.com/technologyreview/","themeName":"light"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"social-item","config":{"displayIcon":true,"type":"instagram","url":"https://www.instagram.com/technologyreview/","themeName":"light"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"social-item","config":{"displayIcon":true,"type":"rss","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/feed/","themeName":"light"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"social-item","config":{"displayIcon":true,"type":"linkedin","url":"https://www.linkedin.com/company/mit-technology-review","themeName":"light"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"body","config":{},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"schema","config":{"type":"Organization","data":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"MIT Technology Review","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","addressLocality":"Cambridge, MA, USA","postalCode":"02142","streetAddress":"1 Main Street"}}},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"providers":{"/rss/rss%2Easpx":[{"name":"ad-provider","config":{"dfpNetworkId":"3293","sizeMapping":[],"viewportWidths":[768,0],"targeting":{"pageId":0,"s":"","section":null,"tags":[],"topic":[],"urlPath":"/rss/rss.aspx/"}},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"google-tag-manager","config":{"containerId":"GTM-TRBQMN","title":"MIT Technology Review | MIT Technology Review","dataLayer":{"documentTitle":"MIT Technology Review | MIT Technology Review","articleId":null,"articleTopic":null,"articleSubtopic":null,"author":null,"contentType":"post","paywallType":null,"publishDate":null,"storyFormat":null,"updatedDate":null,"wordCount":null,"siteEngine":"wp.irving"}},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}]},"page":{"/rss/rss%2Easpx":[{"name":"head","config":{},"children":[{"name":"title","config":{},"children":["MIT Technology Review | MIT Technology Review"],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"link","config":{"rel":"amphtml","href":"https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/04/15/999085/who-trump-funding-cut-bad/amp/"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"body","config":{"bodyClasses":["body--page"]},"children":[{"name":"column-area","config":{"themeName":"page"},"children":[{"name":"error-404","config":{"heading":"We weren't able to find the page you were looking for."},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"footer","config":{"missionStatement":"The mission of MIT Technology Review is to bring about better-informed and more conscious decisions about technology through authoritative, influential, and trustworthy journalism.","copyrightLink":"https://www.technologyreview.com/","themeName":"simpleFooter"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899405,"label":"Lists","url":"/list","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Lists","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899406,"label":"10 Breakthrough Technologies","url":"/10-breakthrough-technologies/2020/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899407,"label":"35 Innovators Under 35","url":"/innovators-under-35/2019/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899408,"label":"More","url":"/about","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"More","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899416,"label":"Business Lab podcast","url":"/podcast/business-lab/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":950140,"label":"Deep Tech podcast","url":"/podcast/deep-tech/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899417,"label":"Custom content","url":"/custom-content","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":998810,"label":"Breakthrough-to-Impact","url":"/hub/breakthrough-to-impact/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899411,"label":"Company","url":"/about","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Company","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899415,"label":"About us","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/about/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899410,"label":"Advertise with us","url":"https://mediakit.technologyreview.com/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899421,"label":"Insights","url":"https://insights.techreview.com/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899420,"label":"International editions","url":"/international-editions","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899422,"label":"Policies","url":"/policies","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Policies","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899423,"label":"Editorial guidelines","url":"/editorial-guidelines","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899424,"label":"Terms of service","url":"/terms-of-service/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899425,"label":"Privacy","url":"/privacy","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":950139,"label":"Cookie statement","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/cookies/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899428,"label":"Account and Support","url":"/Account","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Account and Support","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899429,"label":"Help and FAQ","url":"/help","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899430,"label":"Contact us","url":"/contact","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899431,"label":"Sign in/Create an account","url":"/account","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899432,"label":"Manage your account","url":"https://subscribe.technologyreview.com/ecom/mtr/app/live/subcustserv?pagemode=start&org=MTR&publ=TR&php=Y&_ga=2.242036544.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"header","config":{"homeUrl":"https://www.technologyreview.com/"},"children":[{"name":"user-greeting","config":{"themeName":"light"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"ad-unit","config":{"adUnit":"__site/__leaderboard","shouldLoad":true,"sizes":[[1,1],[320,50],[320,100],[728,90],[768,250],[970,90],[970,250]],"sizeMapping":[{"viewport":[640,480],"sizes":[[728,90],[768,250],[970,90],[970,250]]},{"viewport":[0,0],"sizes":[[1,1],[320,50],[320,100]]}]},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"header"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899373,"label":"Topics","url":"/topics","themeName":"header","useHover":true},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Topics","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899382,"label":"The Big Story","url":"/collection/the-big-story/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899374,"label":"Election 2020","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/election-2020/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899369,"label":"Artificial intelligence","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/artificial-intelligence/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899376,"label":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/biotechnology/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899375,"label":"Blockchain","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/blockchain/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899377,"label":"Climate change","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/climate-change/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899370,"label":"Computing","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/computing/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899378,"label":"Humans and technology","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/humans-and-technology/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899372,"label":"Tech policy","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/tech-policy/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899379,"label":"Silicon Valley","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/silicon-valley/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899380,"label":"Smart cities","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/smart-cities/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899381,"label":"Space","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/space/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899383,"label":"Magazine","url":"/magazines","themeName":"header","useHover":true},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Magazine","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899384,"label":"Read the latest issue","url":"/magazines/the-coronavirus-issue/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899385,"label":"Read previous issues","url":"/magazines/the-predictions-issue/#past-issues","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899401,"label":"Subscribe to the magazine","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/subscribe/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899402,"label":"Manage your subscription","url":"https://subscribe.technologyreview.com/ecom/mtr/app/live/subcustserv?pagemode=start&org=MTR&publ=TR&php=Y&_ga=2.242036544.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899403,"label":"MIT News","url":"/magazines/the-intersection-of-interesting-and-feasible/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899386,"label":"Newsletters","url":"/newsletters","themeName":"header","useHover":true},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Newsletters","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":999169,"label":"Coronavirus Tech Report","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/coronavirus-tech-report/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899394,"label":"Daily briefing","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/the-download/?_ga=2.132154188.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899396,"label":"Artificial intelligence","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/the-algorithm/?_ga=2.73223377.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899397,"label":"Future economy","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/fwd-economy/?_ga=2.73223377.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899398,"label":"Space","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/the-airlock/?_ga=2.166036732.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899399,"label":"Weekend Reads","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/weekend-reads/?_ga=2.166036732.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899400,"label":"View all newsletters","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/newsletters/?_ga=2.166036732.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899387,"label":"Events","url":"/events","themeName":"header","useHover":true},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Events","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899388,"label":"EmTech","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/emtech/19/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899389,"label":"EmTech Digital","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/emtech/digital/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899390,"label":"EmTech Next","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/emtech/next/","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899391,"label":"Future Compute","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/future-compute/?_ga=2.133537868.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899392,"label":"View events video","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/video/?_ga=2.132154188.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899393,"label":"View all events","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/events/?_ga=2.132154188.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"header"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"mega-menu","config":{},"children":[{"name":"search-bar","config":{"query":"","theme":""},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"user-greeting","config":{"themeName":"dark","context":"mega-menu"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"top"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899373,"label":"Topics","url":"/topics","themeName":"top"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Topics","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899382,"label":"The Big Story","url":"/collection/the-big-story/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899374,"label":"Election 2020","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/election-2020/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899369,"label":"Artificial intelligence","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/artificial-intelligence/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899376,"label":"Biotechnology","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/biotechnology/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899375,"label":"Blockchain","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/blockchain/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899377,"label":"Climate change","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/climate-change/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899370,"label":"Computing","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/computing/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899378,"label":"Humans and technology","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/humans-and-technology/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899372,"label":"Tech policy","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/tech-policy/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899379,"label":"Silicon Valley","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/silicon-valley/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899380,"label":"Smart cities","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/smart-cities/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899381,"label":"Space","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/topic/space/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899383,"label":"Magazine","url":"/magazines","themeName":"top"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Magazine","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899384,"label":"Read the latest issue","url":"/magazines/the-coronavirus-issue/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899385,"label":"Read previous issues","url":"/magazines/the-predictions-issue/#past-issues","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899401,"label":"Subscribe to the magazine","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/subscribe/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899402,"label":"Manage your subscription","url":"https://subscribe.technologyreview.com/ecom/mtr/app/live/subcustserv?pagemode=start&org=MTR&publ=TR&php=Y&_ga=2.242036544.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899403,"label":"MIT News","url":"/magazines/the-intersection-of-interesting-and-feasible/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899386,"label":"Newsletters","url":"/newsletters","themeName":"top"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Newsletters","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":999169,"label":"Coronavirus Tech Report","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/coronavirus-tech-report/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899394,"label":"Daily briefing","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/the-download/?_ga=2.132154188.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899396,"label":"Artificial intelligence","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/the-algorithm/?_ga=2.73223377.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899397,"label":"Future economy","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/fwd-economy/?_ga=2.73223377.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899398,"label":"Space","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/the-airlock/?_ga=2.166036732.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899399,"label":"Weekend Reads","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/weekend-reads/?_ga=2.166036732.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899400,"label":"View all newsletters","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/newsletters/?_ga=2.166036732.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899387,"label":"Events","url":"/events","themeName":"top"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Events","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899388,"label":"EmTech","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/emtech/19/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899389,"label":"EmTech Digital","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/emtech/digital/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899390,"label":"EmTech Next","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/emtech/next/","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899391,"label":"Future Compute","url":"https://forms.technologyreview.com/future-compute/?_ga=2.133537868.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899392,"label":"View events video","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/video/?_ga=2.132154188.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899393,"label":"View all events","url":"https://events.technologyreview.com/events/?_ga=2.132154188.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"top"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899405,"label":"Lists","url":"/list","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Lists","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899406,"label":"10 Breakthrough Technologies","url":"/10-breakthrough-technologies/2020/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899407,"label":"35 Innovators Under 35","url":"/innovators-under-35/2019/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899408,"label":"More","url":"/about","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"More","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899416,"label":"Business Lab podcast","url":"/podcast/business-lab/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":950140,"label":"Deep Tech podcast","url":"/podcast/deep-tech/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899417,"label":"Custom content","url":"/custom-content","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":998810,"label":"Breakthrough-to-Impact","url":"/hub/breakthrough-to-impact/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899411,"label":"Company","url":"/about","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Company","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899415,"label":"About us","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/about/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899410,"label":"Advertise with us","url":"https://mediakit.technologyreview.com/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899421,"label":"Insights","url":"https://insights.techreview.com/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899420,"label":"International editions","url":"/international-editions","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899422,"label":"Policies","url":"/policies","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Policies","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899423,"label":"Editorial guidelines","url":"/editorial-guidelines","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899424,"label":"Terms of service","url":"/terms-of-service/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899425,"label":"Privacy","url":"/privacy","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":950139,"label":"Cookie statement","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/cookies/","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899428,"label":"Account and Support","url":"/Account","themeName":"footer"},"children":[{"name":"menu","config":{"location":"","title":"Account and Support","titleLink":"","displayTitle":false,"menuItemClass":"","themeName":"","type":"submenu"},"children":[{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899429,"label":"Help and FAQ","url":"/help","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899430,"label":"Contact us","url":"/contact","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899431,"label":"Sign in/Create an account","url":"/account","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"menu-item","config":{"id":899432,"label":"Manage your account","url":"https://subscribe.technologyreview.com/ecom/mtr/app/live/subcustserv?pagemode=start&org=MTR&publ=TR&php=Y&_ga=2.242036544.39622121.1582559852-436121851.1581700602","themeName":"footer"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"social-follow-module","config":{"services":{"twitter":"Twitter","facebook":"Facebook","instagram":"Instagram","rss":"RSS","linkedin":"LinkedIn"},"displayIcons":true,"themeName":"light","context":"mega-menu"},"children":[{"name":"social-item","config":{"displayIcon":true,"type":"twitter","url":"https://twitter.com/techreview","themeName":"light"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"social-item","config":{"displayIcon":true,"type":"facebook","url":"https://www.facebook.com/technologyreview/","themeName":"light"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"social-item","config":{"displayIcon":true,"type":"instagram","url":"https://www.instagram.com/technologyreview/","themeName":"light"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"social-item","config":{"displayIcon":true,"type":"rss","url":"https://www.technologyreview.com/feed/","themeName":"light"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}},{"name":"social-item","config":{"displayIcon":true,"type":"linkedin","url":"https://www.linkedin.com/company/mit-technology-review","themeName":"light"},"children":[],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}],"componentGroups":{"default":[]}}]},"ID":false},"error":null,"headerHeight":0,"isNoticeVisible":true,"loading":false,"player":{"currentTime":0,"duration":0,"loading":false,"playing":false,"seek":0,"src":"","visible":false,"volume":0.5},"route":{"status":200,"redirectTo":"","redirectStatus":0,"action":"PUSH","pathname":"/rss/rss.aspx","search":"?","hash":"","cookie":{}},"story":{"showFullText":false},"visible":{"megaMenu":false,"sliderAd":false,"sliderAdHasClosed":false},"zephr":{"isLoading":true,"forms":{},"cached":false,"session":{},"user":{"account":{},"profile":{}}},"zephrDataLayer":{"isLoading":true,"dataLayer":{}},"zephrRules":{"isLoading":false,"components":{},"pageIDs":{}}};
    </script>

    
    <script defer>
      window.__CRITICAL_CSS_STYLE_LOADER_KEYS__ = {"ab9c7555f34fe0015029c549e3c82300":true,"7e3e234bb56a049b669142356a35919e":true,"28442ce9ee07c466f4558378aacee66b":true,"641c2710a47f24b8e78921e886a2bfa6":true,"ef9105103534fca8a54dd3e86e224ad0":true,"38a3aad7a465016ad072deeeee03d82b":true,"0d3a99a3e9edaf9c07d1b4f363051692":true,"f63e4b8618296d36426880ebf6fb865f":true,"e0ef96da9d4a6ba26cebba5bcbc9f8f7":true,"9ffc55153190e45eb1b8db27d1ae186d":true,"bd08c05739e64418afad0203664e8eec":true,"82e06c917c1fc28fb7a94d8967d26743":true,"022f444e2f4d01081f8541390a67f526":true,"95131dd63cf97535d40c106e02765976":true,"4bae855c61dee8b3baa2229de5a891e9":true,"b9eaec48d3ea1bdad66948ac84821c1e":true,"937906f4fe5fd5e0e2d0850b6c1710b4":true,"1f0f7cc7a719a60f043f660b2837d30f":true,"67ee2a1d616c44c328639bf5f495096e":true,"47b6b799a7f64372656edecbdbe75f46":true,"916b4e5d3eefe4ad4c06b6ade54ba08b":true,"80a98465f91f092c8c3815763ae5bdcc":true,"2d7de5f979f5e9d3aca24de9329a6daa":true,"5d77a7090c8dceca803ef4a6288595d4":true};
    </script>

    
    
      <script defer >!function(e){function r(r){for(var n,i,l=r[0],f=r[1],a=r[2],p=0,s=[];p<l.length;p++)i=l[p],o[i]&&s.push(o[i][0]),o[i]=0;for(n in f)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(f,n)&&(e[n]=f[n]);for(c&&c(r);s.length;)s.shift()();return u.push.apply(u,a||[]),t()}function t(){for(var e,r=0;r<u.length;r++){for(var t=u[r],n=!0,l=1;l<t.length;l++){var f=t[l];0!==o[f]&&(n=!1)}n&&(u.splice(r--,1),e=i(i.s=t[0]))}return e}var n={},o={6:0},u=[];function i(r){if(n[r])return n[r].exports;var t=n[r]={i:r,l:!1,exports:{}};return e[r].call(t.exports,t,t.exports,i),t.l=!0,t.exports}i.m=e,i.c=n,i.d=function(e,r,t){i.o(e,r)||Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t})},i.r=function(e){"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.t=function(e,r){if(1&r&&(e=i(e)),8&r)return e;if(4&r&&"object"==typeof e&&e&&e.__esModule)return e;var t=Object.create(null);if(i.r(t),Object.defineProperty(t,"default",{enumerable:!0,value:e}),2&r&&"string"!=typeof e)for(var n in e)i.d(t,n,function(r){return e[r]}.bind(null,n));return t},i.n=function(e){var r=e&&e.__esModule?function(){return e.default}:function(){return e};return i.d(r,"a",r),r},i.o=function(e,r){return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,r)},i.p="https://www.technologyreview.com/";var l=window.webpackJsonp=window.webpackJsonp||[],f=l.push.bind(l);l.push=r,l=l.slice();for(var a=0;a<l.length;a++)r(l[a]);var c=f;t()}([]);
//# sourceMappingURL=https://www.technologyreview.com/static/js/runtime~main.70281e98.map</script>
    
      <script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.technologyreview.com/static/js/common.77e3c2d8.chunk.js' defer='defer'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.technologyreview.com/static/js/main.93d385a7.chunk.js' defer='defer'></script>
    
</head>
<body class="body--page">
<noscript>
    You need to enable JavaScript to view this site.
</noscript>

<div id="root"><div class="app__wrapper--17_pO"><a href="#content" class="app__skipLink--z5h7i">Skip to Content</a><noscript><iframe title="irving-gtm" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TRBQMN" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript><script src="//cdn.blueconic.net/technologyreview.js"></script><header class="headerTemplate__container--3ZEzK"><div class="headerTemplate__leaderboardRow--1kfZf"><div loaded="false" class="adUnit adUnit__wrapper--1cvS3"><div class="site-leaderboard adunitContainer"><div class="adBox" id="site-leaderboard-1"></div></div></div></div><div class="headerTemplate__wrapper--YdhXB"><a class="headerTemplate__logo--3wEZx" href="https://www.technologyreview.com/"><div class="screen-reader-text">MIT Technology Review</div><div class="headerTemplate__logoStacked--SLneu" aria-hidden="true"><svg width="184" height="92"><path d="M40.328.962h5.253v27.653h-5.253V.962zM.004 32.016v4.722h8.312v22.934h5.296V36.735h8.316v-4.723l-21.924.004zM46.994.962v4.723h8.959V28.62h5.26V5.682h8.958V.959L46.994.962zm-26.48 46.635h8.817c-.156-2.514-1.816-4.254-4.214-4.254-2.786 0-4.138 1.664-4.603 4.254m-5.26 2.129c0-5.878 3.996-10.441 9.783-10.441 6.383 0 9.783 4.872 9.783 11.952H20.435c.385 3.055 2.088 4.951 5.067 4.951 2.05 0 3.248-.93 3.83-2.437h5.183c-.726 3.52-3.869 6.495-8.973 6.495-6.575 0-10.288-4.602-10.288-10.535m20.555.04c0 5.918 3.905 10.48 10.171 10.48 5.3 0 8.585-3.363 8.934-7.58h-5.068c-.364 2.244-1.857 3.363-3.996 3.363-3.212 0-4.723-2.514-4.723-6.267 0-3.828 1.624-6.266 4.795-6.266a3.633 3.633 0 013.633 3.055H54.7c-.697-4.294-3.869-7.266-9.01-7.266-6.033 0-9.899 4.563-9.899 10.481m25.39-17.75h-5.242v27.653h5.26V48.392c0-2.706 1.7-4.562 4.022-4.562 2.205 0 3.444 1.507 3.444 3.632v12.181h5.26V46.714c0-4.33-2.746-7.425-6.844-7.425-2.707 0-4.33 1.042-5.762 3.131h-.116l-.022-10.419zm19.468 7.814h-5.13v19.84h5.261V48.391c0-2.706 1.7-4.562 4.022-4.562 2.205 0 3.444 1.507 3.444 3.632v12.181h5.249V46.714c0-4.33-2.746-7.425-6.844-7.425-2.707 0-4.523 1.122-5.878 3.247h-.116l-.008-2.72zm29.22 9.962c0-3.87-1.817-6.496-5.029-6.496-3.211 0-5.028 2.63-5.028 6.496 0 3.865 1.78 6.459 5.028 6.459 3.248 0 5.028-2.59 5.028-6.46m-15.392 0c0-5.917 4.214-10.48 10.364-10.48s10.365 4.563 10.365 10.48c0 5.918-4.214 10.481-10.365 10.481-6.15 0-10.364-4.574-10.364-10.48m21.797 9.899h5.26v-27.66h-5.242l-.018 27.66zm21.753-9.9c0-3.868-1.816-6.495-5.028-6.495-3.211 0-5.028 2.62-5.028 6.496 0 3.876 1.78 6.459 5.028 6.459 3.248 0 5.028-2.59 5.028-6.46m-15.392 0c0-5.917 4.214-10.48 10.364-10.48s10.365 4.563 10.365 10.48c0 5.918-4.214 10.481-10.365 10.481-6.15 0-10.364-4.574-10.364-10.48m35.812-.89c0-2.907-1.548-5.377-4.723-5.377-2.67 0-4.446 2.089-4.446 5.413 0 3.324 1.78 5.336 4.486 5.336 3.328 0 4.68-2.437 4.68-5.376m-13.885 11.37h5.22c.425 1.24 1.548 2.206 3.996 2.206 2.98 0 4.41-1.432 4.41-4.138v-2.18h-.116a6.412 6.412 0 01-5.184 2.322c-4.41 0-8.74-3.48-8.74-9.475 0-5.918 3.556-9.707 8.584-9.707 2.474 0 4.294.967 5.493 2.63h.076v-2.088h5.068v18.33c0 2.784-.89 4.68-2.358 6.035-1.664 1.547-4.214 2.241-7.153 2.241-5.413 0-8.74-2.321-9.282-6.175m21.517 5.917h3.096c4.021 0 5.492-1.583 7-5.994l6.924-20.343h-5.311l-2.786 8.933c-.618 1.816-1.16 4.33-1.16 4.33h-.072s-.657-2.514-1.275-4.33l-2.939-8.933h-5.536l5.336 14.117c1.123 3.015 1.508 4.294 1.508 5.376 0 1.624-.85 2.707-2.94 2.707h-1.855l.01 4.137zm-152.29 9.311h6.738c2.94 0 4.443-1.351 4.443-3.789 0-2.514-1.584-3.752-4.36-3.752h-6.822v7.541zm5.5 4.563h-5.5v10.673h-5.49V63.07h12.457c3.524 0 5.61.926 7.233 2.59a8.25 8.25 0 012.474 5.994c0 3.87-1.99 6.514-5.471 7.673l6.902 11.392h-6.175l-6.43-10.673zm16.115-1.391h8.816c-.156-2.514-1.816-4.254-4.214-4.254-2.786 0-4.137 1.664-4.602 4.254m-5.26 2.125c0-5.878 3.995-10.44 9.782-10.44 6.383 0 9.784 4.87 9.784 11.948H35.333c.385 3.055 2.089 4.951 5.067 4.951 2.05 0 3.248-.926 3.83-2.438h5.183c-.726 3.52-3.868 6.496-8.973 6.496-6.575 0-10.288-4.603-10.288-10.535M55.51 90.7h5.028l7.364-19.843h-5.257l-4.54 13.441h-.077l-4.494-13.416h-5.347L55.509 90.7zm13.151 0h5.26V70.882h-5.26V90.7zm0-21.202h5.26v-4.723h-5.26V69.5zm11.68 9.137h8.816c-.156-2.514-1.816-4.254-4.214-4.254-2.786 0-4.137 1.663-4.602 4.254m-5.26 2.125c0-5.878 3.995-10.44 9.782-10.44 6.38 0 9.784 4.87 9.784 11.947H80.26c.385 3.056 2.089 4.952 5.067 4.952 2.05 0 3.248-.926 3.83-2.438h5.183c-.726 3.52-3.869 6.496-8.973 6.496-6.575 0-10.288-4.603-10.288-10.535m24.039 9.939h4.759l3.632-13.002h.077l3.52 13.002h4.795l5.929-19.799h-5.111l-3.404 12.679h-.077l-3.52-12.668h-4.486l-3.328 12.668h-.076l-3.27-12.668H93.32l5.798 19.788zM30.283.962l-6.539 20.272L16.911.962H8.308v27.653h5.086V6.72l7.455 21.895h5.376l7.11-21.895v21.895h5.22V.962h-8.272z" fill="#000" fill-rule="nonzero"></path></svg></div></a><div class="headerTemplate__navigation--3N0Bf"><div class="headerTemplate__userGreeting--625xY"><div class="userGreeting__wrapper--12jWF"><a class="userGreeting__button--3N_Dg" data-event-category="nav" data-event-action="click" data-event-label="sign-in" href="/login&amp;redirectTo=undefined">Sign in</a><a class="userGreeting__subscribe--3dFsW userGreeting__button--3N_Dg" data-event-category="nav" data-event-action="click" data-event-label="subscribe-button" href="/subscribe/">Subscribe</a></div></div><div class="headerTemplate__menuRow--Yxgsz"><div class="headerTemplate__menu--1sSdR"><div class="menu__wrapper--2tnWs"><ul class="headerMenu__list--1bhxf"><li class="headerMenuItem__wrapper--3mUtz"><h3 class="headerMenuItem__parent--3Kg0H">Topics</h3></li><li class="headerMenuItem__wrapper--3mUtz"><h3 class="headerMenuItem__parent--3Kg0H">Magazine</h3></li><li class="headerMenuItem__wrapper--3mUtz"><h3 class="headerMenuItem__parent--3Kg0H">Newsletters</h3></li><li class="headerMenuItem__wrapper--3mUtz"><h3 class="headerMenuItem__parent--3Kg0H">Events</h3></li></ul></div></div><button class="headerTemplate__button--3Ylhk" style="background:#fff" type="button"><span class="screen-reader-text">Expand menu</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="headerTemplate__buttonVisualContent--3XM1h"><svg viewBox="0 0 31 19" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="#fff" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-768.000000, -2553.000000)"><g transform="translate(768.000000, 2554.000000)"><path d="M22,0 C25.3132,0 28,2.6868 28,6 C28,9.3132 25.3132,12 22,12 C18.6868,12 16,9.3132 16,6 C16,2.6868 18.6868,0 22,0 Z" stroke="#000" stroke-width="2"></path><rect fill="#000" x="0" y="6" width="13" height="2"></rect><rect fill="#000" x="0" y="10.5" width="13" height="2"></rect><rect fill="#000" transform="translate(27.904988, 13.897039) rotate(53.000000) translate(-27.904988, -13.897039) " x="24.4049881" y="12.8970393" width="7" height="2"></rect><rect fill="#000" x="0" y="15" width="20" height="2"></rect></g></g></g></svg></span></button></div></div></div></header><div class="header__headroom--2Y_W7 headroom-wrapper"><div aria-hidden="true" class="headroom headroom--unfixed"><header class="headerTemplate__container--3ZEzK"><div class="headerTemplate__wrapper--YdhXB headerTemplate__isHeadroom--13Fwe"><a tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true" class="headerTemplate__logoT--3L7lM" href="https://www.technologyreview.com/"><svg viewBox="0 0 288 287.99"><path d="M199.49,66.67,133,133.11H66.56V66.67Zm44.31,0-66.46,66.44V354.66h66.46V133.11H354.56V66.67Z" transform="translate(-66.56 -66.67)"></path></svg></a><a class="headerTemplate__logo--3wEZx headerTemplate__headroomLogo--3fZG3" href="https://www.technologyreview.com/"><div class="screen-reader-text">MIT Technology Review</div><div class="headerTemplate__logoHorizontal--1O4Ic headerTemplate__logoHorizontalHeadroom--1bt1W" aria-hidden="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 504 47.46" tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"><polygon points="87.42 0 87.42 6.51 97.63 6.51 97.63 38.13 104.94 38.13 104.94 6.51 115.14 6.51 115.14 0 87.42 0"></polygon><path d="M142.17,49.14c.64-3.57,2.51-5.87,6.35-5.87,3.31,0,5.6,2.4,5.81,5.87H142.17m-7.25,2.93c0,8.16,5.12,14.5,14.19,14.5,7,0,11.36-4.11,12.37-9h-7.15C153.53,59.7,151.88,61,149,61c-4.11,0-6.45-2.61-7-6.83H161.9c0-9.76-4.69-16.48-13.49-16.48-8,0-13.49,6.29-13.49,14.4" transform="translate(-27.57 -27.65)"></path><path d="M163.26,52.13c0,8.16,5.39,14.45,14,14.45,7.31,0,11.84-4.64,12.32-10.45h-7a5.11,5.11,0,0,1-5.49,4.64c-4.43,0-6.51-3.47-6.51-8.64s2.24-8.64,6.61-8.64a5,5,0,0,1,5,4.21h7.09c-1-5.92-5.33-10-12.43-10-8.32,0-13.65,6.29-13.65,14.45" transform="translate(-27.57 -27.65)"></path><path d="M198.27,27.65H191V65.78h7.25V50.26c0-3.73,2.35-6.29,5.55-6.29,3,0,4.75,2.08,4.75,5v16.8h7.25V47.92c0-6-3.79-10.24-9.44-10.24-3.73,0-6,1.44-7.95,4.32h-.16Z" transform="translate(-27.57 -27.65)"></path><path d="M225.11,38.42H218V65.78h7.25V50.26c0-3.73,2.35-6.29,5.55-6.29,3,0,4.75,2.08,4.75,5v16.8h7.25V47.92c0-6-3.79-10.24-9.44-10.24a8.89,8.89,0,0,0-8.11,4.48h-.16Z" transform="translate(-27.57 -27.65)"></path><path d="M265.38,52.13c0,5.33-2.51,8.91-6.93,8.91s-6.93-3.57-6.93-8.91,2.45-9,6.93-9,6.93,3.63,6.93,9m-21.22,0c0,8.16,5.81,14.45,14.29,14.45s14.29-6.29,14.29-14.45-5.81-14.45-14.29-14.45S244.16,44,244.16,52.13" transform="translate(-27.57 -27.65)"></path><rect x="246.66" width="7.25" height="38.13"></rect><path d="M304.21,52.13c0,5.33-2.51,8.91-6.93,8.91s-6.93-3.57-6.93-8.91,2.45-9,6.93-9,6.93,3.63,6.93,9m-21.22,0c0,8.16,5.81,14.45,14.29,14.45s14.29-6.29,14.29-14.45-5.81-14.45-14.29-14.45S283,44,283,52.13" transform="translate(-27.57 -27.65)"></path><path d="M332.36,50.9c0,4.05-1.87,7.41-6.45,7.41-3.73,0-6.19-2.72-6.19-7.36s2.45-7.47,6.13-7.47c4.37,0,6.51,3.41,6.51,7.41M313.22,66.58c.75,5.33,5.33,8.53,12.8,8.53,4.05,0,7.57-1,9.87-3.09,2-1.87,3.25-4.48,3.25-8.32V38.42h-7V41.3H332a8.82,8.82,0,0,0-7.57-3.63c-6.93,0-11.84,5.23-11.84,13.39s6,13.07,12.05,13.07a8.84,8.84,0,0,0,7.15-3.2H332v3c0,3.73-2,5.71-6.08,5.71-3.36,0-4.91-1.33-5.49-3h-7.2" transform="translate(-27.57 -27.65)"></path><path d="M342.89,74.74h4.27c5.55,0,7.57-2.19,9.65-8.27l9.55-28.05H359l-3.84,12.32c-.85,2.51-1.6,6-1.6,6h-.11s-.91-3.47-1.76-6l-4.05-12.32h-7.62l7.36,19.46C349,62,349.5,63.81,349.5,65.3c0,2.24-1.17,3.73-4.05,3.73h-2.56Z" transform="translate(-27.57 -27.65)"></path><rect x="430.66" y="2.39" width="7.25" height="6.51"></rect><path d="M383,34.37h8.91c3.84,0,6,1.71,6,5.17s-2.08,5.23-6.13,5.23H383Zm15.95,31.41h8.53l-9.52-15.71c4.8-1.6,7.54-5.25,7.54-10.58a11.38,11.38,0,0,0-3.41-8.27c-2.24-2.29-5.12-3.57-10-3.57H375.42V65.78H383V51.06h7.1Z" transform="translate(-27.57 -27.65)"></path><path d="M412.33,49.14c.64-3.57,2.51-5.87,6.35-5.87,3.31,0,5.6,2.4,5.81,5.87H412.33m-7.25,2.93c0,8.16,5.12,14.51,14.18,14.51,7,0,11.36-4.11,12.37-9h-7.15C423.69,59.7,422,61,419.21,61c-4.11,0-6.45-2.61-7-6.83h19.84c0-9.76-4.69-16.48-13.49-16.48-8,0-13.49,6.29-13.49,14.4" transform="translate(-27.57 -27.65)"></path><polygon points="412.53 38.13 419.46 38.13 429.62 10.77 422.36 10.77 416.1 29.33 416 29.33 409.79 10.77 402.43 10.77 412.53 38.13"></polygon><rect x="430.66" y="10.77" width="7.25" height="27.36"></rect><path d="M474.34,49.14c.64-3.57,2.51-5.87,6.35-5.87,3.31,0,5.6,2.4,5.81,5.87H474.34m-7.25,2.93c0,8.16,5.12,14.51,14.19,14.51,7,0,11.36-4.11,12.37-9H486.5c-.8,2.08-2.45,3.36-5.28,3.36-4.11,0-6.45-2.61-7-6.83h19.84c0-9.76-4.69-16.48-13.49-16.48-8,0-13.49,6.29-13.49,14.4" transform="translate(-27.57 -27.65)"></path><polygon points="472.7 38.13 479.25 38.13 484.27 20.2 484.38 20.2 489.23 38.13 495.84 38.13 504 10.77 496.96 10.77 492.27 28.24 492.16 28.24 487.31 10.77 481.12 10.77 476.54 28.24 476.43 28.24 471.9 10.77 464.7 10.77 472.7 38.13"></polygon><rect x="43.09" width="7.24" height="38.13"></rect><polygon points="52.15 0 52.15 6.51 62.36 6.51 62.36 38.13 69.67 38.13 69.67 6.51 79.88 6.51 79.88 0 52.15 0"></polygon><polygon points="29.15 0 20.68 27.74 11.89 0 0 0 0 38.13 7.04 38.13 7.04 8 16.78 38.13 24.2 38.13 33.44 8 33.44 38.13 40.64 38.13 40.64 0 29.15 0"></polygon></svg></div></a><div class="headerTemplate__navigation--3N0Bf headerTemplate__isHeadroom--13Fwe"><div class="headerTemplate__menuRow--Yxgsz"><div class="headerTemplate__menu--1sSdR"><div class="menu__wrapper--2tnWs"><ul class="headerMenu__list--1bhxf"><li class="headerMenuItem__wrapper--3mUtz"><h3 class="headerMenuItem__parent--3Kg0H">Topics</h3></li><li class="headerMenuItem__wrapper--3mUtz"><h3 class="headerMenuItem__parent--3Kg0H">Magazine</h3></li><li class="headerMenuItem__wrapper--3mUtz"><h3 class="headerMenuItem__parent--3Kg0H">Newsletters</h3></li><li class="headerMenuItem__wrapper--3mUtz"><h3 class="headerMenuItem__parent--3Kg0H">Events</h3></li></ul></div></div><button class="headerTemplate__button--3Ylhk" style="background:#fff" type="button"><span class="screen-reader-text">Expand menu</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="headerTemplate__buttonVisualContent--3XM1h"><svg viewBox="0 0 31 19" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="#fff" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-768.000000, -2553.000000)"><g transform="translate(768.000000, 2554.000000)"><path d="M22,0 C25.3132,0 28,2.6868 28,6 C28,9.3132 25.3132,12 22,12 C18.6868,12 16,9.3132 16,6 C16,2.6868 18.6868,0 22,0 Z" stroke="#000" stroke-width="2"></path><rect fill="#000" x="0" y="6" width="13" height="2"></rect><rect fill="#000" x="0" y="10.5" width="13" height="2"></rect><rect fill="#000" transform="translate(27.904988, 13.897039) rotate(53.000000) translate(-27.904988, -13.897039) " x="24.4049881" y="12.8970393" width="7" height="2"></rect><rect fill="#000" x="0" y="15" width="20" height="2"></rect></g></g></g></svg></span></button></div></div></div></header></div></div><main class="body__content--2FEkf" id="content"><div class="columnArea--page__wrapper--2t7Bu columnArea--feed__wrapper--2tKpu"><div class="columnArea--page__main--eXwLk"><div class="error404__wrapper--2ez42"><p>We weren&#x27;t able to find the page you were looking for.<!-- --> Try<!-- --> <a class="error404__link--27Afa" href="/search/">searching </a>or <button type="button" class="error404__link--27Afa">go back.</button></p></div></div></div><footer class="footer__container--1uYiT" aria-labelledby="footer"><div class="footer__wrapper--3kGR7"><header class="footer__header--1ux70"><div class="footer__intro--3pVSj"><h2 id="footer" class="footer__title--3ZSCw">MIT Technology Review</h2><p class="footer__missionStatement--fX8wK">The mission of MIT Technology Review is to bring about better-informed and more conscious decisions about technology through authoritative, influential, and trustworthy journalism.</p></div><div class="footer__icon--3WgpB" aria-hidden="true"></div><a class="footer__editionsLink--3Hmb1" href="/editions/"><span>Browse</span><span>International</span><span>Editions</span></a></header><div class="footer__copyright--1bDpy"><a href="https://www.technologyreview.com/">MIT Technology Review © <!-- -->2020</a></div></div></footer></main></div><div></div></div>
</body>
</html>
