continued from Using Traditional Security Cameras and Surveillance Systems – Are They Really Efficient in Preventing Shoplifting? Part 1.

Vendor Theft

Aside from employees who are likely suspects to steal from a store, storeowners also have to keep a lookout on the vendors too.  The employees of vendors, or the vendors themselves who are used to doing dishonest business practices are known to deliberately short-change the store and/or steal other items while in the store premises.  Vendor theft and fraud represents 5% of retail losses, which truly makes this group something that must not be taken very lightly.

The techniques and strategies that are used in order to expose employee theft are also implemented when it comes to exposing vendor theft as well.  Vendors, like employees, also have enough time to look for comfortable places in the store to steal, so it is a must to use hidden security cameras in these areas.  When deliveries of items are being documented, it is also a good measure to use traditional security cameras in order to document the quantities of items received so that when the situation calls for it, these shipments can be reviewed by means of comparing invoice forms and packing slips.

Are Traditional Security Cameras Really Efficient against Organized Retail Crime?  Answer:  Yes and No.

Why No? – There are certain groups of people who actually make a good living by means of stealing from retail stores.  They are regarded to be professionals when it comes to stealing merchandise, and they have become such a problem for retail owners that they have been branded as those belonging to the Organized Retail Crime (ORC) group.  Due to this organized technique of stealing items from a store, storeowners have established security measures; one common example is that the security personnel will disguise themselves as customers inside the retail shop during operating hours, and keep a lookout for those customers who they think are acting suspicious.  Of course, this kind of strategy against the ORC sometimes works, but then again, sometimes it does not.

Similar to employees who tend to steal, the ORC people know when, where and how to carry out their plans in an effective manner.  Of course, naturally, just like the employees, traditional security cameras can do very little to successfully stop them.  Members of the ORC group utilize tricky tactics such as well-planned diversions to attract the attention of security personnel, other store employees and those who are in charge of overlooking the security camera systems while the others in their group steal the target item unnoticed.

Other tricky tactics of the ORC group actually involves the cooperation of the store employees themselves.  Such tactics include undercharging items which have a high price tag, or having the employee escort them with the items out of the store but then return moments later claiming that an item or two is missing from their cart (which then calls for a refund or replacement of the items missing).

As its name implies, the organized retail crime group is a group of people who plans to steal from a store in an organized manner by means of sending out a number of its members to peruse the area for valuables, weak points in the store (where no security cameras or staff are available), habits of the staff, the peak hours of the store (when the number of customers are numerous), etc.  When a certain store has been studied and assessed, the members will then begin to carry out their plans and/or plot their organized attack at a certain time frame.  There are even plans that are so elaborate that it takes several weeks to unfold!  Most of their strategies include staying away from obvious security camera placements at the cash register, entry and exit paths, etc.

One of the most common strategies used by the ORC to help them defeat traditional security cameras is by simply hiding the crime out of the camera’s view, or by wearing caps or hooded clothing.  In most cases when the suspect is aware of the presence of security cameras in the premises, they successfully thwart the security camera’s purpose of proper facial identification simply by just not looking up.

Why Yes? – At first glance, a lot of us would think that traditional security cameras are not very efficient against ORC activities.   However, if you look at it this way, just like countering against employee theft, traditional security cameras can be used to push such criminal activities into specific areas, which makes it easier to assign trusted security personnel who are trained to spot ORC techniques, and to use other security measures such as hidden security cameras.

In a lot of cases concerning the activities of the ORC group in action, traditional security cameras have proven their worth as they can be used to monitor all of their movements.  This gives the proper authorities a better understanding on how the crime exactly occurred, and this also gives the store owner the advantage of having solid evidence which is very useful in investigations.

Any store that has been victimized by organized retail crime groups must quickly report and coordinate with the local police and invest in security devices such as hidden security cameras.  When such crimes of stealing occur in the store premises and have been successfully recorded by the security cameras, the store owner can bring this to show to the local police to help him/her devise a plan to put a stop to the ORCs underhanded activities.

Closing Thoughts

If you are one of those who own a shop, then you are very well aware of the three different groups that are usually the culprits for retail crime – customers/shoplifters, vendors/employees of vendors, and members of the organized retail crime group.  It can be very difficult to deter them or totally stop them from stealing at your store, but you actually have more chances of fighting them off when you invest on a traditional security camera system.  It has been known that traditional security camera systems are very effective and can lower instances of shoplifting by 30%.  If used together with other security measures such as hidden security cameras and video analytics, your traditional security camera system will truly become a valuable asset in helping you spot and stop instances of retail theft that happens inside your store.

Most of us are very familiar with the scenarios of malls and shops during the holiday season.  Extremely crowded aisles, people rushing everywhere, the frenzy over newly launched games, electronics, toys, and the all-too-familiar reports of children being separated from their parents.  As genuine customers who pay for what we buy, we tend to get annoyed by such things when we are doing our holiday shopping. However, for a typical shoplifter, it’s a very tempting opportunity.

Both small boutique shops and huge chain shops are always on the lookout to fight theft with the help of technology.   However, when sales decrease and the profits come down, this drives store managers to depend on the ROI as their means to pay for any new tools for improvement in a store. Investing in a security camera system is indeed a great option, but how well do they work in combating against shoplifting and theft?

Are Traditional Security Cameras Really Efficient in Capturing “Customers/Shoplifters” in the Act?  Answer:  Yes and No.

Why Yes? – Of course, initially, it is difficult to distinguish a person to be a customer when they are caught stealing.  You have to remember that a customer/shoplifter is not really a professional thief.  They are, in reality, ordinary people who normally pay for most of the things they purchase, but when presented with the chance to shoplift, they will do so.  Also, these people usually do not enter shops with the initial plan to steal stuff.

In other words, normally-paying customers are tempted to shoplift when a certain desire for an item is met with the right opportunity.  When you consider this, anything that gets rid of that feeling of opportunity from potential shoplifters will most definitely be effective.  One of the most effective and well-known tools that remove that feeling of opportunity is a set of security cameras that are installed in such a way that they are plainly seen in the premises by everyone, especially those who are “customers/shoplifters”.

Why No? – Just like any other device or tool that is used to get rid of the feeling of opportunity to shoplift, security cameras have to be present all throughout the entire shop.  Shops that are on a stricter budget will normally just install a couple of security cameras to areas where the expensive items are placed or those items that are smaller and very easy to steal.  However, a problem with this is that shoplifters have developed their own strategies and techniques on how to counter these security cameras.  One simple way for them is that they just carry the items somewhere in the shop where the security cameras cannot clearly see or record their actions, and that is the moment that they will hide the item they want to shoplift.  In most corporate protocols as well as in most areas in the United States, one known requirement for detaining a customer who is suspected of shoplifting is to have a video footage of them actually hiding or stealing an item.

Thanks to today’s advanced technology, modern security cameras are now more affordable and they are also much easier to set up and install.  There are even some video surveillance companies that sell equipment and even offer discounts when they buy by packages or volumes.  This is truly very beneficial for a lot of shops that need to cover a lot of ground, and with just a small amount of investment, with today’s technological advancements and affordable prices, it will totally be worth it.

If your main goal is to deter shoplifting by means of letting everyone know that you have security cameras present in your shop, then you need to have security cameras that are large enough for everyone to see clearly – and this is a surefire way to tell your customers that they are really being watched.

Are Traditional Security Cameras Really Efficient in Capturing Employees who Steal?  Answer:  Yes and No.

Why No? – Many people are surprised when they learned that conventional security cameras are not very efficient in capturing employees who steal items in the store where they work.  Statistics show that over the past 4 years, employee theft represents 44% to 47% of all retail losses.  It is ironic that at these times, there are actually a lot more security cameras present in stores than ever before!  Why is this so?  Employees who are planning to steal typically have the advantage of knowing where the security cameras are located and where they are not present.  Unlike the customers, the employees also have enough time to remember the whole perimeter of the store, they are aware where the security tags are placed, they have the knowledge of procedures inside the store, and of course, they have more time to muster up their confidence and actually do the bad deed.  Employees who aim to steal know exactly when and where to do it.

Why Yes? – Conventional security cameras normally just tend to push employees around the store rather than to catch them or deter their bad actions.   However, when it is suspected that one or more of the employees of a store are stealing items, then installing covert/hidden security cameras in areas where conventional security cameras are not installed is one of the best ways on how to combat this problem.

Some important areas where covert/hidden security cameras can be ideally placed are in dumpsters, loading docks, storage areas, back doors, escape exits, and even cash registers where employees mostly carry out theft with relatives and friends.

Covert or hidden security cameras are available in the market and they have casings that make them appear just like any other item such as smoke detectors, electronics, stuff toys, and even wall clocks.  If you would like to have custom-made hidden security cameras, then you can ask security companies that offer fabrication services to make you casings for your hidden security cameras to blend perfectly well in its specific surroundings.

to be continued on Using Traditional Security Cameras and Surveillance Systems – Are They Really Efficient in Preventing Shoplifting? part 2.

Most homeowners who are considering buying their first set of security cameras and surveillance system are always faced with a daunting question: “Which type would I get – a wired one or a wireless one?”  The answer would most likely be that if there are instances when running cables is not the most convenient or the best option for you, then your most obvious choice would be to consider getting a wireless surveillance camera system.

Below are some of the most common benefits that you will get when you have a wireless surveillance camera system:

Very easy to install – Due to the fact that you do not have any wires or cables to work with, wireless surveillance camera systems are very easy to install.  Wireless systems can perform exactly the same tasks as that of their wired counterparts; both of them transmit video feeds from location A to location B.  Also, because they are wireless, they do not look very messy when installed and so they usually turn out looking professionally laid out.

Lower cost – Even the most expensive, high-end video transmitters can gradually pay for themselves when both time and the materials used are put to consideration.  Some instances wherein high-quality transmitters and receivers provide immediate pay back are parking lots, outbuildings, and warehouses that require security cameras.  In the areas just mentioned, the cost of labor, cable, trenching tools and new surface material could easily exceed the cost of wireless security camera equipment.

Covert purposes – Whether the place is a rural area or just inside an office, wireless security camera systems are usually most preferred over wired ones when it comes to covert purposes.  A wireless setup can significantly minimize the chances of being detected during installation and monitoring, and it also minimizes the chances that the suspect/s will be able to notice these devices.  In almost many cases, the wireless security camera system is the one and only option for covert purposes.

Temporary monitoring purposes – Wireless surveillance camera systems are the best options when people or businesses need to monitor a certain room or a specific item temporarily.  It lets people to safeguard and secure their valuable items without the need to make any drastic or permanent modifications to their home or business office.  This also makes the wireless surveillance camera system the popular choice for monitoring apartments or properties that are for rent.

Below are some of the factors you need to consider before you buy a wireless surveillance camera system:

All-in-One systems – For surveillance and security purposes, all-in-one systems are an excellent choice especially if you are looking for ease of installation, good reliability and affordability.  These all-in-one systems include security cameras, lenses, sometimes infrared illuminators and video transmitters – all are made to work together smoothly.  Some of these all-in-one systems even come in weather-resistant casings which make them perfect for easy installation on the outside parts of outbuildings or homes.

Multi-Frequency – If you are going to use a wireless system for security purposes, then you have to be aware that you will need a lot more of the wireless security cameras.  If that will be the case, then you have to make sure that the device you have can support multiple frequencies or multiple channels that you can choose from.  It is a common trait for wireless devices to have at least 4 channels that are user-selectable.

Wireless range – When you are going to select a wireless video transmitter and receiver, you should always get the one that has more range because it will be most useful in transmitting through obstructions.  Reliable providers of wireless security camera system equipment will always test in a consistent fashion which will let you to freely compare different devices available.  However, the only proven method to consistently test wireless surveillance equipment is by means of “line of sight”.  If your wireless surveillance equipment needs to transmit through obstructions such as floors, walls, trees, appliances and other items, then your wireless range will be reduced.  Keeping this in mind, what do you think will your range be if you are going to transmit through obstructions?  Most reliable providers will not be able to give you an exact response, but normally the range would be half or less than the quoted line of sight.  When you are selecting your wireless security camera system, ensure that your provider works with you by giving you some type of money-back guarantee so that you can be really assured that your wireless equipment will work well in your surroundings.

Digital versus Analog – Almost all wireless video surveillance links available on the market today are analog devices and they still considered to be very helpful tools for video surveillance.  The newest and more advanced wireless video surveillance equipment utilize digital transmissions to give users clearer images and be able to perform reliably unlike the traditional wireless analog devices.

Analog video is normally used to run on the same frequencies as that of several common household items such as cordless phones, microwave ovens, mobile phones and even Wi-Fi.  These types of items found inside any house can often be the cause of transmitted video being distorted and also full of audible and visual noises.  Digital types of wireless devices are considered to be more reliable than analog types of wireless devices, and they can be easily distinguished by their lack of interference.  Digital wireless equipment is also more compatible with other common household items because of the simple fact that there is less competition in frequency.  In addition, digital video that is transmitted over the 802.11x communication standard actually has a built-in encryption, which means that unauthorized access to the video is successfully prevented.

One of the most commonly known places wherein there are a lot of people who are hired to work and at the same time there are instances of theft occurring are the factories and other such manufacturing facilities.  Before, it is very difficult to pinpoint the culprit (who stole something) amongst many workers and other people who were present in any particular factory.  However, thanks to today’s technological advancements, security cameras and surveillance systems that were implemented in a factory or manufacturing facility significantly helps in cutting down on instances of theft and other factory-related crimes.

Raw materials such as copper, lumber and steel are very valuable and therefore are a great temptation to thieves and dishonest workers.  Also, trade secrets of a factory or facility are regarded as a means to remain competitive from their other competition.  With the help of security cameras and surveillance systems in factories – the establishment, the employees and the materials inside a factory or facility remain safe and secure, and even its trade secrets are also kept safe from the other competition.

Below are some of the most common benefits on using security cameras and surveillance systems in factories:

Easy to install – Getting a surveillance system with IP (Internet Protocol) cameras is very easy to install and maintain.  Unlike the analog ones that need to be installed via power tools by technicians, all you have to do is mount the security cameras and then connect them to a computer or video recorder.

Monitor daily operations – Security cameras can make sure that daily factory operations run smoothly.

Quality control – Improvements in digital camera technology have made it possible to conduct quality control checking via video surveillance.  Security cameras can actually help make the process of doing quality control a lot faster, easier and even more efficient.

Prevention of theft – The presence of security cameras have been proven to be enough to discourage theft when they are obviously out in the open.  When in such cases that a factory has been robbed, security cameras will significantly help in identifying the thief and incriminate them.

Remote monitoring – With remote monitoring capabilities via the NVR (network video recorder), footage taken from the security cameras can be viewed over the Internet, which makes it easy for you to check up on any of your security cameras any time, even if you are currently outside (at home) and doing other things.  Remote monitoring also allows you to easily manage and oversee a huge factory or factories from different locations.  Network video recorders also let your security staff to carry out more active security patrol duties like foot patrols rather than just staring needlessly at a video surveillance monitor for hours.

Safety in the workplace – Security cameras can be installed in areas near dangerous machinery in order to monitor automated processes safely as well as to protect employees. This is usually the main purpose of putting security cameras in factories and facilities for years, and it has become more efficient and affordable (for many other factories) as the technology becomes more advanced.

Below are some of the most common possible risks on using security cameras and surveillance systems in factories:

Becoming over reliant – Security cameras are truly very useful devices.  However, we must not rely too much on them.  Video surveillance can significantly improve the level of safety and security in factories, but still, the physical presence of security staff is extremely essential and must not be overlooked.

Privacy – Strive to protect the privacy of your employees by means of not installing security cameras in public areas such as inside break rooms and restrooms.

Damage – Security cameras that are meant to monitor heavy machinery or automated manufacturing processes can possibly be damaged by malfunctioning machinery or by falling parts.

Vandalism – There are instances that when a security camera is damaged or tampered with, the signal could be lost.  It is very important that other security measures are implemented in instances wherein some security cameras are tampered with or destroyed by thieves or vandals.

Outages – Power disruptions or surges in electricity can potentially damage your security cameras and surveillance system as well as it may also interrupt your recording, and thus it may make your factory susceptible to theft or other damages.  This kind of dilemma may be rare in occurrence, but it is very important that you implement a backup plan of security in order to protect your employees and your facility should this situation may occur.

Before installing security cameras and a surveillance system in a factory, there are some things that one needs to consider.

• Can you think of instances where you wish you could possibly capture it on camera? (such as theft, mechanical failure, or liability issues like employee injuries related to work)
• What kind of security measures do you currently have installed?
• Does your factory ever have problems or instances with theft?
• What do you think is the most pressing security hazard in the factory?
• Does your factory create one particular item or does the factory do many different items in shifts?  Different types of items may need much stricter monitoring and so, a more flexible system of security cameras must be acquired.

Setup Advice on Security Cameras and Surveillance Systems for Factories

Below are some basic setup advices for those who are planning to install or upgrade security cameras and surveillance systems in factories:

• Install security cameras at entrances and exits to manufacturing areas and offices as well as shipping/receiving areas in order to capture and identify each and every person who enters the factory.
• Consider using a network video recorder (NVR) to help you monitor all your facilities easily especially when you are handling a very enormous factory or several factories in different locations.
• Ensure that the security cameras installed in open areas such as work floors and storage rooms are backed up and covered comprehensively by other security cameras situated in each corner or by dome security cameras that are mounted on the ceiling.
• Install fixed security cameras in areas that are deemed crucial to the factory such as areas where dangerous machinery are present and areas where valuable raw materials are kept.

#7.  Viewing Video

Generally, surveillance video is viewed and monitored by humans.  However, a majority of surveillance video that is taped is actually never viewed.  When it comes to the video footages that are viewed, the most common purpose for doing that is for gathering historical information and for use in investigations.

There are some surveillance video footages that are being viewed live constantly and the purpose of doing that is to catch shoplifters (in retail stores), to monitor traffic as well as to monitor potential accidents that occur in the highway, and also to help identify criminal threats (in public surveillance).  Almost all live video surveillance activities are done sporadically as a response to a “called-in” warning or threat, or to find out if things are okay in a secluded facility.

There are 4 basic options that you can choose from when it comes to viewing video:

Remote PC viewing – this is the most common method of viewing surveillance video footages.  In this method, standard PCs are utilized in order to view live and/or recorded video feeds.  Either a web browser is used to do this or a proprietary application is installed on the PC itself.  Due to its optimized functionality, most people perform remote PC viewing by means of using an installed application.  However, as web applications evolve and become more enhanced, lots of providers now offer powerful web viewing.  The main benefit of this is that you can watch surveillance video feeds just by using a web browser and you no longer have to worry in installing or upgrading a client.  Just keep in mind that when you want to view video feeds via remote PC viewing, ensure that you have a reliable Internet connection, especially if you are out of the country.

Local viewing – this is directly done from the DVR, NVR or servers and this is the most ideal option for monitoring and viewing small facilities and areas on site.  This means that the video management system can also serve as a viewing station, which can actually help you save a lot because you do not have to set up or use a separate PC.  This option is most commonly used in banks, retail shops and other small business establishments.

Video wall viewing – this is most ideal for really huge security operation centers that have hundreds or even thousands of security cameras set up under their command.  Video walls are set up with very large monitor screens so that a group of people can watch video feeds simultaneously.

Mobile viewing – this is suitable for those who are usually on the go and cannot check video feeds on site.  Mobile viewing lets security personnel in the field to quickly check on surveillance video.  Due to the fact that there are roaming police and people who do night watch for their community, mobile viewing certainly has great potential.  Nowadays, due to advanced technology and the awareness of the advantages that mobile viewing can provide, a lot of people are supporting these and they use them with their smartphones and other mobile gadgets such as the iPhone, iPad and Android-powered devices.

#8. Integrating Video with Other Systems

A lot of companies utilize surveillance video by themselves, just by merely pulling up the client application of the video management system in order to watch applications.   However, for those with a lot more significant safety and security concerns as well as for bigger companies, this is actually quite a poor and inefficient method in carrying out security measures.  The best methods for these types of huge companies are those that are being implemented in the military’s COP or common operational picture wherein there are many security systems available and they all display only one interface.

There are actually 3 ways that can be done in order to provide such assimilation with video surveillance:

• Video Management System (VMS) as Hub – Nowadays, video management systems are additionally putting in support for other security management features and security systems.  If you only require some limited integration, then your current video management system might give you an affordable (yet a rather limited) solution.
• Access Control as Hub – Almost all companies possess electronic or IP access control systems.  These kinds of systems have been made in such a way that they integrate with other security systems (such as video surveillance and intrusion detection) for a very considerably long period of time.  Additionally, this way is the most commonly used by companies because it is rather inexpensive, ranging from US$10,000 up to US$50,000, depending on the size and security needs of the company.  However, keep in mind that access control systems are oftentimes limited in the depth and number of integration that they can support.
• PSIM as Hub – PSIM stands for the idea of physical security information management.  In the past few years, a lot of manufacturers offer specialized applications which can aggregate information from other security systems (such as video surveillance and alarm systems) and deliver optimal response policies and the most relevant information.  These types of applications are actually more expensive, ranging from US$100,000 up to US$1,000,000; however, they can support a much wider variety of security manufacturers and these also offer more complex and really handy features.

Once you have gone through these 8 fundamental and important factors on how to devise the ideal video surveillance system for beginners, you will then start looking into the companies that can provide you the most ideal and perfect security camera and surveillance system products for your security needs and wants.

There is actually no surefire way to be able to successfully buy a video surveillance system that will meet all your needs the first time around.  While it is a good option to readily buy from reputable surveillance shops, you can make the most out of your hard-earned money to take the time and effort to research the market, ask for feedback from those who are already satisfied customers, and seek professional advice from those who are experts in the field.

#4. Recording Video

Below are three important questions (with the answers) regarding the recording of videos:

• What specific resolution do you choose to record at?

The resolution is actually limited to what the security camera can capture.  If you have a standard definition security camera, then this means that you can never record video at a high definition resolution.  On the contrary, every user obviously records at the highest resolution that the security camera is able to capture.

• Do you record based on movement or do you record continuously?

Probably one of the hardest decisions to make is to whether you set your surveillance system to record based on movement or continuously.  Both has its pros and cons.  Continuously recording video ensures that everything that happens will always be recorded, but this takes up a lot of storage space.  On the other hand, recording only when movement is detected will save you a lot of storage space, but there is a risk that significant video footage might not be recorded.  Generally, a lot of surveillance systems utilize the motion detection feature nowadays.

• What frame rate do you choose to record at?

When in the process of setting up the recording feature, one of the most significant factors is the frame rate selection.   You can choose from a high option and use 30 fps (TV) or you can choose a lower option and use 1 fps (slide show).  The most commonly used frame rate is 6 to 10 fps.

#5:  Video Management System

Video management systems are considered to be somewhat the “heart” of video surveillance systems due to the fact that these systems accept video from the security cameras, store the video feeds, and manage the distribution of video feeds to the viewers.

There are typically four basic options to choose from when it comes to video management systems.  Many people typically choose one only.   However, large companies could have several types especially if they have huge places to cover in one area and if they also have different branches to cover in separate towns, cities or countries.

• Digital video recorders or DVRs – they are computers that incorporate hardware, software and video storage all into one device.  DVRs typically are only able to accept analog camera feeds.  A majority of DVRs available in the market these days actually support remote viewing over the Internet.  DVRs are basically very easy and simple to install; but, you need to be aware of the fact that they can essentially limit your flexibility in expansion upgrades and hardware changes.  DVRs are in fact the most common choice amongst expert video surveillance system consumers.  However, as time passes by, DVRs are gradually losing its appeal and a lot of buyers today opt to choose the next three options:  NVRs, HDVRs or VMS.
• Network video recorders or NVRs – they are very much like DVRs in many ways except for camera support.  A DVR can only support analog security cameras, while an NVR can only support IP security cameras.  If you want your analog security cameras to be supported by an NVR, you need to use an encoder.
• Hybrid digital video recorders or HDVRs – they are DVRs that support IP security cameras.  They have all the functions that a DVR has as well as they can also support IP and megapixel security cameras.  Almost all DVRs software can be upgraded to make them become HDVRs.  This kind of upgrade is becoming the trend these days because of the appeal of the low-migration cost (directly supports IP and analog cameras).
• Video management software or VMS – this is a software application, much similar to Excel or Word.  Unlike DVRs or NVRs, VMS does not have any storage or hardware.  You need to load and set up the server/PC for the software.  This is actually more cost effective unlike when you use DVR or NVR devices.  However, you need to be aware that this is more complicated and it takes a considerable amount of time to set up and optimize the system.  Even if that is the case, video management software is gradually becoming the most frequently used method in recording these days.

#6.  Video Analytics

The function of video analytics is to scan incoming video footages in order to: (a) optimize storage capacity or (b) to identify potentially dangerous/out-of-the-ordinary events.

One of the most regularly used applications of video analytics is the optimization of storage capacity.  The most basic function of video analytics is to examine video feeds and identify certain changes in motion.  Based solely on the mere absence or presence of motion, the video management system can come to a decision on whether to store video at a lower resolution (or frame rate) or to not store any video footage at all.  Due to the fact that a lot of surveillance video records very long periods of inactivity such as in staircases, hallways and buildings when they are closed for the day, the use of video analytics based on motion can significantly minimize the consumption of storage capacity by 60% up to 80% unlike when you opt to record continuously.

Another common yet “more thrilling” function of video analytics is to identify potentially dangerous or out-of-the-ordinary events.  When it comes to the subject of video analytics, most people often visualize scenarios that often involve active crimes or something related to that.  Some of the most common examples of these scenarios include perimeter violation (trespassing), people counting, abandoned items, and license plate recognition. The main objective of these kinds of video analytics is to proactively recognize safety and security incidents and to immediately stop them as they progress.  For example, license plate recognition video analytics recognizes a car that belongs to a wanted thief so you can catch him or when a person is driving a car too fast in a highway that has a speed limit to it, or when the perimeter violation feature notices a thief jumping over your fence so you can stop them immediately or in real time.

To be continued on A Beginner’s Guide on How to Devise the Ideal Video Surveillance System part 4.

#2:  Connectivity to Video Management Systems

When it comes to professional video surveillance technology, security cameras must always be connected to video management systems.  The most obvious reason is simply for the purpose of recording and managing access to video footages.

There are actually two key factors on how you can decide which connectivity medium you will get:

1. Analog versus IP – Video footages can be sent over to your computer network (via your IP address) or it can be sent as a simple analog video.  Nowadays, a lot of video footages are transmitted with the use of analog; however, the transition to IP transmission is steadily growing.  Did you know that both analog cameras and IP cameras can be transmitted over IP?  The IP security cameras are able to directly connect to an IP network just like personal your computer, whereas analog security cameras cannot directly connect to an IP network.  Nevertheless, you can actually install an encoder to send analog feeds over the IP.  The encoder typically has an input meant for an analog security camera video feed and then outputs a digital stream for sending over to an IP network.  To avoid the hassle of doing this, a lot of people nowadays prefer the IP.
2. Wired versus wireless – Video footages can be transmitted over via cables or through the air, regardless of whether you use IP or analog video.  Obviously, the most reliable and inexpensive method of sending over video footages is by means of using cables, and because of this, more than 90% of video is sent over with this process.  However, having the wireless option available is also crucial in situations wherein using wires can be futile and a waste of money for specific places such as in parking lots, remote buildings, fence lines, etc.  Always remember that when you are considering on buying wireless security cameras, you have to put in more effort in its maintenance as well as you have to be more patient in dealing with some challenges such as interruptions in frequency due to different obstructions such as walls and other devices that also utilize frequencies.

#3.  Storage Options

It is a common practice for any video footage taken by security cameras to be initially stored for future retrieval and review.  The typical duration for storing video footage is about 30 days.  However, depending on your preferences or your company’s needs, the duration for storing video footage can either be set as short as 7 days or as long as a few months (or even a couple of years).

The two most crucial aspects on how to determine the setting of storage duration are: the safety and security threats that a company might encounter, and the cost of storage.

The kind of safety and security threats that a company may encounter can determine how one manages storage duration.  For example, one common yet serious threat in banks is the occurrence of fraudulent investigations.  These cases oftentimes go unreported by victimized customers until 60 to 90 days after it happened.  These types of situations have driven banks to opt for longer-term storage.  On another situation, casinos usually get informed about problems immediately and if there is an issue going to arise, they already know about it in the same week.  Therefore, casinos typically opt to use much shorter storage duration, maybe about a few weeks or close to a month).

The medium for storage is definitely getting more affordable due to the advancements in technology, but still when it comes to video surveillance-related operations, having a huge amount of storage available is a must.  It is common knowledge that the email service that Google offers is about 7 GB of free email storage.  For email purposes, this is actually deemed to be a huge amount already, but you must know that a single security camera can definitely use up that much storage space in just one day.  It is actually a common thing for video surveillance systems to have lots of TBs of storage space even if there are only a few dozen security cameras being set up.

There are four basic types of storage that you can choose from:

• Directly attached storage – this is when the hard drives are situated outside of the DVR, NVR or server; however, they are “directly” connected without the need to utilize an IP network.  Some common examples of this type of storage include eSATA and USBs.  This is actually a very affordable method in adding dedicated storage to only one “box”.
• Internal storage – this uses up hard drives that are built inside of a DVR, NVR or server.  These days, this is still actually the most commonly used type of storing video.   Hard drives of today can be up to 2 TB, while internal storage typically has a total storage capacity ranging from 4 TB up to 8 TB.  Internal storage is probably considered to be the most affordable method; however, it sometimes tends to be a bit less scalable than the other types of storage.
• Networked storage – this type of storage is kind of like an IP-based “pool” of storage that specializes in storing video feeds taken from many security cameras.  Some common examples of this type of storage include NAS or SAN.  Two or more DVRs, NVRs or servers can stream video feeds to these specific storage clusters.  They can offer flexible, efficient and scalable storage for a huge number of active security cameras; however, they are typically known to be more expensive and a bit more complex.
• Onboard camera storage – this type of storage lets you embed storage inside of the security camera itself by means of using an SD card (and rarely, hard drives).  When this type of storage is used, the security camera can record video footage locally, which in turn minimizes network dependence and usage.  Of all the four types of storage, this one is the least commonly used, but most experts believe that it is likely the most appealing option for the future.

To be continued on A Beginner’s Guide on How to Devise the Ideal Video Surveillance System part 3.

Devising a video surveillance system can be quite easy if you are knowledgeable on things regarding security cameras, video analytics, video management systems, etc.   However, if you are someone who has never done this before, has no experience whatsoever in any of these things, or you just want to buy the best one for you (and make the most out of your hard-earned money) and get on with your life, then you ought to read this guide on how to devise the ideal video surveillance system because this will definitely help you out.  Be informed that this guide aims to quickly point out the most fundamental and important factors involved in video surveillance, thus you are assured that this guide is suited for those who are entirely new to the subject of video surveillance.

To start it off and to make it easier to understand, below are 8 fundamental and important factors on how to devise the ideal video surveillance system for beginners:

• Which type of security cameras must I use?
• How am I going to connect the security cameras to the video management systems?
• What type of storage must I use?
• How am I going to record video?
• Which type of video management system must I use?
• What type of video analytics must I use?
• How am I going to view my surveillance video?
• How am I going to assimilate video with my other security systems?

#1:  Different Types of Security Cameras

Security cameras are crucial devices because they serve as the “eyes” of any video surveillance system.  Security cameras need to be strategically installed or deployed in specific significant areas in order to capture relevant video footage.

There are actually two basic methods of determining security camera installation or deployment, which are: (A) by determining chokepoints and (B) by safeguarding assets.

Chokepoints are those areas wherein individuals or vehicles usually must pass to go into a specific area.  Most well-known examples of chokepoints include hallways, driveways and doorways.  By means of putting security cameras in chokepoint areas, you are actually exhibiting a cost-effective and smart strategy in documenting anyone who enters a facility, room, or building.

Assets, on the other hand, are particular areas or objects that essentially need security.  Most well-known examples of assets include physical objects such as merchandise areas, safes and vaults as well as areas where important goings-on usually occurs such as cash registers, parking lots, money exchange booths, or lobbies.  Assets can be just about anything, depending on how your organization prioritizes it.

When you get to the point wherein you have already determined which areas you want to be monitored, the next step would be to decide which of the 4 camera characteristics you would like to use:

1. Fixed versus PTZ – Fixed security cameras are those that are only fixed at a certain point and can only provide images within a single view.  PTZ security cameras are those that can be moved with the use of panning, tilting and zooming options (most specifically, it can move up and down, left and right, or closer and farther away).  A lot of security cameras available in the market today are fixed.  PTZ security cameras, on the other hand, are mainly used to monitor greater fields of views and these are recommended only when you are going to hire a (human) monitor to actively use the security cameras on a daily basis.  The most obvious reason why fixed security cameras are more popular choices to use today is because they cost about 5 to 8 times less than PTZ security cameras.  Currently, the price of fixed security cameras range from $300 up to $600 USD, while the price of PTZ security cameras can reach up to $2,000 USD or more.
2. Analog versus IP – The biggest trend in video surveillance technology nowadays is the transition from analog security cameras to IP security cameras.  Even if all types of security cameras are digitized and programmed to view and record on computers, only the IP security cameras can digitize the video inside the camera.  Furthermore, the IP security cameras support megapixel features while the analog security cameras do not support it.  Thus, as the time goes by, more and more people are opting to use IP security cameras over analog security cameras.
3. Color versus Thermal versus Infrared – When you watch on a television screen, the video can be in black and white, or in color.  Nowadays, in video surveillance technology, the only time that black-and-white images are produced by a security camera are deemed acceptable is when the lighting is absent or the lighting is very low, especially at nighttime.  During nighttime hours or when there is very little light available in the surroundings, thermal or infrared security cameras are perfect for these conditions because they are able to produce black and white images.  Infrared security cameras need to use special lamps known as infrared illuminators in order to produce clear images in the dark, but you have to be aware that they considerably cost more than the color security cameras, roughly about 2 to 3 times more).  On the other hand, thermal security cameras do not have to use any lighting at all, and they produce only silhouettes of objects, and they are also considerably very expensive, about $5,000 to $15,000.  At daytime hours or in well-lit places, color security cameras are the most sensible choice.
4. Standard Definition versus Megapixel – These two features can be compared to that of TVs.  Typically, in the consumer market today, everyone has been accustomed to using standard definition devices; however, many people are eventually shifting and upgrading their devices into high-definition ones.  High-definition TV is limited to only 2 megapixels, whereas high-definition security cameras can provide clear images from 10 megapixels or more!

You can never just use one type of security camera if you want your facility or building to be effectively monitored 24/7.  A lot of people tend to mix and match a variety of many different types of security cameras.  For example, on the inside, you can use a fixed megapixel security camera that monitors the storage area and also a couple of fixed IP security cameras that monitors the hallways and the entrance/exit doors.  On the outside, you could use infrared or thermal fixed security cameras around an area that also has a PTZ security camera which overlooks the parking lot.

To be continued on A Beginner’s Guide on How to Devise the Ideal Video Surveillance System part 2.

5.  Catch the bad guy, even if he successfully gets away in the first place. – Maybe you have already witnessed and learned that home security systems really can cut down on theft and other crimes one way or the other.  There are instances that you may have seen on TV that even if the bad guy has been able to successfully rob and get away in the first place, he may still be caught and prosecuted for his crimes with the help of a home security system comprising security cameras and a surveillance system.  Moreover, if you have a burglar alarm system available, the moment its siren is activated, your neighbors and nearby law enforcement officers will surely be alerted that something bad is happening or has happened in just a few moments ago.  Having tripped the alarm system, the burglar will have a tough time getting away without being spotted, and he may be apprehended immediately even if he is able to run away without nabbing anything from your home.  Aside from your alarm system going off, your alarm company will immediately contact the local police especially when you have a monitoring service available.  The fact that the local police are contacted without further hesitation is one crucial move that makes it much easier for them to find and catch the burglar immediately.  However, without a home security system available, it can potentially take hours or even days for you to notice that a burglary or other crime may have been committed in your home, and it will be quite difficult and troublesome for the police that someone who might have broke in and stole from your home.

There are security systems nowadays that include the use of security cameras which are actually proven to be more effective when it comes to catching the bad guys.  The simple fact that your indoor and/or outdoor security cameras are able to take and record footages of what the criminal/s did and what they looked like can become solid evidence which can be used to help the law enforcement officers to track down and find them.  Once the criminal is tracked down and arrested, the footage recorded by your security cameras and surveillance system can help the law enforcers and district attorneys to convict and place the criminal in jail.  This method will greatly help in protecting you, your family and other people in your neighborhood as well.

6.  You have someone to rely on when something bad happens to your home.  – For many people, an unknown dangerous person suddenly breaking in to your home can be very frightening, especially if you know that you and your family is still inside the house when the crime occurred.  Even if a lot of people would think that law enforcement officers ought to help them in times of need when it comes to burglars, oftentimes, you’d be disappointed to be reminded that they are not always supportive enough.  However, if you have a security system installed, your security monitoring company will definitely stand by your side all the way, especially in times that you need them the most.  Aside from assisting you in fetching help that you need after a burglary or an attempted break in, your home security system monitoring company will understand what you are going through, and they will surely be sympathetic regarding your situation.

7.  You no longer have to worry about leaving your home when you are on vacation. – For children, going on a vacation trip is a very much fun and exciting activity. However, for the parents, most of the times, they get worried and stressed about the thought of leaving their home unattended while on vacation.  However, if you have a security system for your home, you would see and feel for yourself that your abode would be more safe and secure, even if you are far away and on vacation with your whole family and no one would be left to look after your home.  Even if you are not home, you can still check up on it online via the use of a smartphone hooked up on your security cameras.

8.  You can monitor areas in your home that you once thought was not possible. – Every homeowner who is concerned about the safety and security of his/her home would make sure to always have their doors and windows securely locked before going to bed or before leaving the house; however, this is not always a fool-proof solution.  Seasoned burglars can pick these locks with tools and they also have other ways that they can use to gain entrance to your home.  A good security system will be activated when it senses movement, such as a window getting broken, and an alarm goes off if a door or window is opened.  Aside from these security measures, security cameras also aid in monitoring each and every corner of your property.  Of course, it is impossible for you to monitor everything all by yourself, but your security cameras certainly will not miss anything especially if you have enough of them available and if you have them placed properly.  You can choose to monitor the security cameras via a computer or via your smartphone.  You could even also have your security company to monitor your security cameras for you, a method which is especially helpful when you and your family are going away for a vacation or if you just sense that something is amiss.

9.  Aside from dangers from break ins, security cameras can also help in alerting other disasters that may potentially happen to your home. – Burglars and other criminals are the main reasons why a security camera and surveillance system is necessary in every home; however, these nifty devices can also be helpful when natural disasters occur.  For instance, in case of fires or hurricanes, your security company will contact you to let you know what is going on when you are away.  Also, if such disasters occur, your security company will be able to contact the proper authorities who can help save your home.

10.  You can actually save money in the long run when you have a security system in place. –   Many homeowners usually pass off when it comes to buying security systems for their home because they think it is very expensive; but what they are not aware about is it is surprisingly cost-effective and it can help you save money in the long run.  Your security system only has to save you from at least one burglary in order for it to pay for itself.  However, if you are really serious and concerned enough in protecting your family and your home, then you would not wait any longer and get a security system.

Mentioned above are, of course, not only the reasons why you must get a security system for your home, but they should be enough to convince you that you really need one.  Fortunately, nowadays, there are affordable security cameras and surveillance systems available in the market and online.

Many of us know the basic benefits of having security cameras and a surveillance system in our homes, but due to certain things that we usually have no idea about (such as the specifications, the flaws (usually there are), the law in our area regarding the use of security systems, the area of the house, the company who will help in installation and monitoring, and of course, the budget), we tend to pass it off another time or we tend to hesitate and not buy anymore.

Many people have many excuses on why they say they do not consider getting a security system for their homes, but below are 10 reasons why a security system is a must for your home:

1.  With a security system installed in your home, you will definitely end up having a good night’s rest. – Whether or not you are a worrywart, a happy-go-lucky person, or someone who is in between those two characteristics, you will surely not worry about your safety, your family’s safety and the security of your property if you have a good security system installed in your home.  With security cameras and a surveillance system in your home, you would really feel at ease and no longer would you worry about your home at nighttime or whenever you are having a family vacation.  As a matter of fact, with a security system at your home, not only you would be able to sleep well, but also your entire family.

2.  With a security system installed in your home, potential burglars would think twice on breaking in and robbing your home. – It is a great feeling to know that you have a security system installed at home to catch on tape any crime, especially burglary and home invasion robbery; however, it is actually better to have these crimes deterred from occurring in the first place.  Think about it, if you are in a burglar’s point of view, then you would choose a neighborhood, narrow down your choices on which house to rob, and the ones that you will rob must not have too much obstacles (guard dogs, fences, barb wires, etc.) and does not also have a security system in place.

It is a wise move to make sure that you let other people know that your home is protected once your security system is installed and actively working.  Aside from posting signs about your yard being guarded by your watchdog (if you have one), you should also post signs that warn potential burglars that your home is equipped with a burglar alarm, security cameras and a surveillance system.  That way, you are actually announcing to everyone that you are definitely serious and ready whenever someone will try to invade and rob your home.  As simple as it sounds, most homeowners claim that this small strategy is enough to deter small-time criminals and even vandals would think twice in doing something that would make them look bad in front of the security cameras.

3.  With a security system installed in your home, you can definitely scare a burglar who still tries to break in.  – If all your signs are not sufficient enough to scare away a potential burglar, then the loud siren of your security alarm system probably will do the trick.  There are actually some burglars who will still try to break into your home even if you have signs telling that your home is equipped with security systems simply because they think that you may at some point be bluffing; however, by the time they try to break into a door or window and set off your alarm, they will most likely run away immediately without thinking of grabbing anything at all.  A simple burglar alarm system that trips off and the notion that your home is equipped with other security systems, that burglar will surely get away from your home as soon as possible.

4.  With a security system installed in your home, you will be able to deter thieves who prefer to attack homes at night. – There are many crimes that occur every day and at any time, but there are crimes that are simply preferred to be done at night.  Many thieves and other criminals prefer to wait until it is dark before trying to steal or commit other crimes due to the fact that they are more comfortable without any light present while they do these bad things.  However, thanks to the advancements in technology, security systems nowadays include lights which are activated by motion detectors and by placing them strategically in selective spots of your yard or lawn will definitely help in cutting down potential hiding places for these awful criminals.

Due to the fact that motion detector lights are very affordable, you can ask your security company for more of these if you really need them, or you could opt to buy them from a store online or at a retail shop.  Take advantage of these handy motion detector lights by making sure that even the furthest and darkest corners of your yard or lawn are equipped with these lights, and of course, do make sure that you illuminate the places that are near the entrances and exits of your home, in and around your storage shed and/or garage as well as in other places that you think that having these lights are necessary.

Click here to read: Ten Good Reasons Why a Security System is a Must for Your Home (Part 2)