<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en-US" prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns# fb: http://ogp.me/ns/fb#">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />

    <title> University of Michigan News</title>

    <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' />
	<style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style>
	<link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://news.umich.edu/" />
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-hans" href="https://news.umich.edu/zh-hans/" />
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="hi" href="https://news.umich.edu/hi/" />
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt-br" href="https://news.umich.edu/pt-br/" />
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="es" href="https://news.umich.edu/es/" />
<link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://news.umich.edu/" />
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//umich.edu' />
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="University of Michigan News &raquo; Feed" href="https://news.umich.edu/feed/" />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="University of Michigan News &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://news.umich.edu/comments/feed/" />
<script type="text/javascript">
/* <![CDATA[ */
window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/16.0.1\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/16.0.1\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/news.umich.edu\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.8.5"}};
/*! This file is auto-generated */
!function(s,n){var o,i,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),a=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===a[t]})}function u(e,t){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);for(var n=e.getImageData(16,16,1,1),a=0;a<n.data.length;a++)if(0!==n.data[a])return!1;return!0}function f(e,t,n,a){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\udde8\ud83c\uddf6","\ud83c\udde8\u200b\ud83c\uddf6")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!a(e,"\ud83e\udedf")}return!1}function g(e,t,n,a){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):s.createElement("canvas"),o=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),i=(o.textBaseline="top",o.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){i[e]=t(o,e,n,a)}),i}function t(e){var t=s.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,s.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",i=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){s.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+g.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(i),f.toString(),p.toString(),u.toString()].join(",")+"));",a=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),r=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(a),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(r.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),r.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=g(i,f,p,u))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings);
/* ]]> */
</script>
<style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>

	img.wp-smiley, img.emoji {
		display: inline !important;
		border: none !important;
		box-shadow: none !important;
		height: 1em !important;
		width: 1em !important;
		margin: 0 0.07em !important;
		vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
		background: none !important;
		padding: 0 !important;
	}
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://news.umich.edu/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.8.5' type='text/css' media='all' />
<style id='wp-block-library-theme-inline-css' type='text/css'>
.wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-audio :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-audio{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-code{border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius:4px;font-family:Menlo,Consolas,monaco,monospace;padding:.8em 1em}.wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-embed :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-embed{margin:0 0 1em}.blocks-gallery-caption{color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .blocks-gallery-caption{color:#ffffffa6}:root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme :root :where(.wp-block-image figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-image{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-pullquote{border-bottom:4px solid;border-top:4px solid;color:currentColor;margin-bottom:1.75em}.wp-block-pullquote cite,.wp-block-pullquote footer,.wp-block-pullquote__citation{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;text-transform:uppercase}.wp-block-quote{border-left:.25em solid;margin:0 0 1.75em;padding-left:1em}.wp-block-quote cite,.wp-block-quote footer{color:currentColor;font-size:.8125em;font-style:normal;position:relative}.wp-block-quote:where(.has-text-align-right){border-left:none;border-right:.25em solid;padding-left:0;padding-right:1em}.wp-block-quote:where(.has-text-align-center){border:none;padding-left:0}.wp-block-quote.is-large,.wp-block-quote.is-style-large,.wp-block-quote:where(.is-style-plain){border:none}.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__label{font-weight:700}.wp-block-search__button{border:1px solid #ccc;padding:.375em .625em}:where(.wp-block-group.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}.wp-block-separator.has-css-opacity{opacity:.4}.wp-block-separator{border:none;border-bottom:2px solid;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.wp-block-separator.has-alpha-channel-opacity{opacity:1}.wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){width:100px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-dots){border-bottom:none;height:1px}.wp-block-separator.has-background:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots){height:2px}.wp-block-table{margin:0 0 1em}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{word-break:normal}.wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-table :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#555;font-size:13px;text-align:center}.is-dark-theme .wp-block-video :where(figcaption){color:#ffffffa6}.wp-block-video{margin:0 0 1em}:root :where(.wp-block-template-part.has-background){margin-bottom:0;margin-top:0;padding:1.25em 2.375em}
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='umichnews-news--news-css-css' href='https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/plugins/umich-news/blocks/news/styles.css?ver=1649895845' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='bu-navigation-block-frontend-style-css' href='https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/plugins/bu-navigation/src/block-frontend.css?ver=1.3.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>
:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--um-maize: #ffcb05;--wp--preset--color--um-blue: #00274c;--wp--preset--color--um-tappan-red: #913324;--wp--preset--color--um-ross-orange: #d86018;--wp--preset--color--um-rackham-green: #75988d;--wp--preset--color--um-wave-field-green: #a5a508;--wp--preset--color--um-taubman-teal: #00b2a9;--wp--preset--color--um-arboretum-blue: #2f65a7;--wp--preset--color--um-a-2-amethyst: #702082;--wp--preset--color--um-matthaei-violet: #575294;--wp--preset--color--um-umma-tan: #cfc096;--wp--preset--color--um-burton-tower-beige: #9b9a6d;--wp--preset--color--um-angell-hall-ash: #989c97;--wp--preset--color--um-law-quad-stone: #655a52;--wp--preset--color--um-puma-black: #131516;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:root { --wp--style--global--content-size: 750px;--wp--style--global--wide-size: 970px; }:where(body) { margin: 0; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft { float: left; margin-right: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignright { float: right; margin-left: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > * { margin-block-start: 24px; margin-block-end: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :first-child { margin-block-start: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :last-child { margin-block-end: 0; }:root { --wp--style--block-gap: 24px; }:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > *{margin-block-start: 24px;margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > *{margin-block-start: 24px;margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 24px;}:root :where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 24px;}.is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{color: #1a1a1a;font-family: Open Sans, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;line-height: 1.5;padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: #024794;text-decoration: underline;}h1{color: #25394c;font-size: 2rem;}h2{color: #25394c;font-size: 1.5rem;}h3{color: #25394c;font-size: 1.17rem;}h4{color: #25394c;font-size: 1.17rem;}h5{color: #25394c;font-size: 1rem;}h6{color: #25394c;font-size: 1rem;}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding: calc(0.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-um-maize-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-maize) !important;}.has-um-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-blue) !important;}.has-um-tappan-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-tappan-red) !important;}.has-um-ross-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-ross-orange) !important;}.has-um-rackham-green-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-rackham-green) !important;}.has-um-wave-field-green-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-wave-field-green) !important;}.has-um-taubman-teal-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-taubman-teal) !important;}.has-um-arboretum-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-arboretum-blue) !important;}.has-um-a-2-amethyst-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-a-2-amethyst) !important;}.has-um-matthaei-violet-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-matthaei-violet) !important;}.has-um-umma-tan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-umma-tan) !important;}.has-um-burton-tower-beige-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-burton-tower-beige) !important;}.has-um-angell-hall-ash-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-angell-hall-ash) !important;}.has-um-law-quad-stone-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-law-quad-stone) !important;}.has-um-puma-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-puma-black) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-um-maize-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-maize) !important;}.has-um-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-blue) !important;}.has-um-tappan-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-tappan-red) !important;}.has-um-ross-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-ross-orange) !important;}.has-um-rackham-green-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-rackham-green) !important;}.has-um-wave-field-green-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-wave-field-green) !important;}.has-um-taubman-teal-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-taubman-teal) !important;}.has-um-arboretum-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-arboretum-blue) !important;}.has-um-a-2-amethyst-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-a-2-amethyst) !important;}.has-um-matthaei-violet-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-matthaei-violet) !important;}.has-um-umma-tan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-umma-tan) !important;}.has-um-burton-tower-beige-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-burton-tower-beige) !important;}.has-um-angell-hall-ash-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-angell-hall-ash) !important;}.has-um-law-quad-stone-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-law-quad-stone) !important;}.has-um-puma-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-puma-black) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-um-maize-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-maize) !important;}.has-um-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-blue) !important;}.has-um-tappan-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-tappan-red) !important;}.has-um-ross-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-ross-orange) !important;}.has-um-rackham-green-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-rackham-green) !important;}.has-um-wave-field-green-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-wave-field-green) !important;}.has-um-taubman-teal-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-taubman-teal) !important;}.has-um-arboretum-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-arboretum-blue) !important;}.has-um-a-2-amethyst-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-a-2-amethyst) !important;}.has-um-matthaei-violet-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-matthaei-violet) !important;}.has-um-umma-tan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-umma-tan) !important;}.has-um-burton-tower-beige-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-burton-tower-beige) !important;}.has-um-angell-hall-ash-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-angell-hall-ash) !important;}.has-um-law-quad-stone-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-law-quad-stone) !important;}.has-um-puma-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--um-puma-black) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}
:root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;}
:root :where(.wp-block-post-title){color: #25394c;font-family: Oswald, sans-serif;font-size: 2rem;line-height: 1.2;margin: 0 0 20px 0;padding: 20px 0;}
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='mcwpgallery-css' href='https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/plugins/mc-wp-gallery/assets/mc-wp-gallery.css?ver=1.2' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='umich-news-css' href='https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/plugins/umich-news/assets/umich-news.css?ver=6.8.5' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='umich-rss-css' href='https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/plugins/umich-rss/assets/umich-rss.css?ver=6.8.5' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='wpml-legacy-horizontal-list-0-css' href='https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/plugins/sitepress-multilingual-cms/templates/language-switchers/legacy-list-horizontal/style.min.css?ver=1' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='foundation-base-css' href='https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/themes/michigan-framework/vendor/foundation-6.2.3/12col/foundation.min.css?ver=6.2.3' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-css' href='https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/themes/michigan-framework/vendor/fontawesome-free-6.7.2-web/css/all.min.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-v4shims-css' href='https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/themes/michigan-framework/vendor/fontawesome-free-6.7.2-web/css/v4-shims.min.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='mfw-base-css' href='https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/themes/michigan-framework/styles/base.css?ver=1.4.4' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='child-base-css' href='https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/themes/news2018/styles/base.css?ver=1742325245' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='child-base_print-css' href='https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/themes/news2018/styles/base_print.css?ver=1653006117' type='text/css' media='all' />
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/plugins/mc-wp-gallery/assets/swiped-events.js?ver=1.2" id="mcwpgallery-swiped-events-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/plugins/mc-wp-gallery/assets/mc-wp-gallery.js?ver=1.2" id="mcwpgallery-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/plugins/wp-enhancements/assets/oembed.js?ver=6.8.5" id="umich-oembed-params-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/themes/michigan-framework/vendor/scripts/jquery.placeholder.js?ver=1.4.4" id="jq-placeholder-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/themes/michigan-framework/scripts/mfw.js?ver=1.4.4" id="mfw-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/themes/news2018/scripts/analytics.js?ver=1737392483" id="child-analytics-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/themes/news2018/scripts/base.js?ver=1728308644" id="child-base-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/themes/news2018/scripts/jquery.autoHeight.js?ver=1653006117" id="child-jquery.autoHeight-js"></script>

<!-- Google tag (gtag.js) snippet added by Site Kit -->
<!-- Google Analytics snippet added by Site Kit -->
<script type="text/javascript" id="google_gtagjs-js-before">
/* <![CDATA[ */
            window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
            function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
            // Default ad_storage to "denied". 
            gtag("consent", "default", { 
                ad_storage             : "denied", 
                analytics_storage      : "denied", 
                functionality_storage  : "denied", 
                personalization_storage: "denied", 
                security_storage       : "denied",  
                ad_user_data           : "denied",
                ad_personalization     : "denied", 
                wait_for_update        : 500 
            });
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=GT-KVMWZZM" id="google_gtagjs-js" async></script>
<script type="text/javascript" id="google_gtagjs-js-after">
/* <![CDATA[ */
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
gtag("set","linker",{"domains":["news.umich.edu"]});
gtag("js", new Date());
gtag("set", "developer_id.dZTNiMT", true);
gtag("config", "GT-KVMWZZM");
/* ]]> */
</script>
<link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://news.umich.edu/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://news.umich.edu/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/34176" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://news.umich.edu/xmlrpc.php?rsd" />

<link rel="canonical" href="https://news.umich.edu/" />
<link rel='shortlink' href='https://news.umich.edu/' />
<link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://news.umich.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.umich.edu%2F" />
<link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://news.umich.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.umich.edu%2F&#038;format=xml" />
<meta name="generator" content="WPML ver:4.9.2 stt:60,1,4,21,28,43,2;" />
<meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.175.0" />
<script>window.umConsentManager = {};</script>
<script>window.umConsentManager.onConsentChange = function( cookie ){
                var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || [];

                if( cookie.cookie.categories.includes('analytics') ) {
                    _paq.push(['setConsentGiven']);
                    _paq.push(['setCookieConsentGiven']);
                }
                else {
                    _paq.push(['forgetConsentGiven']);
                    _paq.push(['forgetCookieConsentGiven']);
                }
            };</script>
<script async src="https://umich.edu/apis/umconsentmanager/consentmanager.js"></script>

            <!-- Matomo -->
            <script>
              var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || [];
              _paq.push(['requireConsent']);
              _paq.push(['requireCookieConsent']);
              _paq.push(['trackPageView']);
              _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']);
              (function() {
                var u='//analytics.vpcomm.umich.edu/';
                _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']);
                _paq.push(['setSiteId', '2']);
                var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
                g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s);
              })();
            </script>
            <!-- End Matomo Code -->
            
<meta name="google-site-verification" content="9k_11b5qbTuiOO2F4HWSnmYO0i-wbOfzML_KdAsIL84"><meta name="google-site-verification" content="FVHGhJcPbHbx5XFHKjv1LDCy4497gtE6xcjxo4uvths"><script type="text/javascript" src="//script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0018/7629.js" async="async"></script>
    <!-- START - Open Graph and Twitter Card Tags 3.3.9 -->
     <!-- Facebook Open Graph -->
      <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/>
      <meta property="og:site_name" content="University of Michigan News"/>
      <meta property="og:title" content="Home"/>
      <meta property="og:url" content="https://news.umich.edu"/>
      <meta property="og:type" content="website"/>
      <meta property="og:description" content="Homepage placeholder, use the &quot;Featured Articles&quot; box on the right to manage articles to display on this page and their order."/>
      <meta property="og:image" content="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/social-share-default-20181002.png"/>
      <meta property="og:image:url" content="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/social-share-default-20181002.png"/>
      <meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/social-share-default-20181002.png"/>
      <meta property="article:publisher" content="http://www.facebook.com/umichnews"/>
     <!-- Google+ / Schema.org -->
     <!-- Twitter Cards -->
      <meta name="twitter:title" content="Home"/>
      <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://news.umich.edu"/>
      <meta name="twitter:description" content="Homepage placeholder, use the &quot;Featured Articles&quot; box on the right to manage articles to display on this page and their order."/>
      <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/social-share-default-20181002.png"/>
      <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/>
      <meta name="twitter:site" content="@UMichiganNews"/>
     <!-- SEO -->
     <!-- Misc. tags -->
     <!-- is_singular -->
    <!-- END - Open Graph and Twitter Card Tags 3.3.9 -->
        
    </head>
<body class="home wp-singular page-template-default page page-id-34176 wp-theme-michigan-framework wp-child-theme-news2018 mfwGrid-12">
<div id="wrapper">
    <a class="skip-link" href="#section-content">Skip to content</a>

    
    <div id="section-header" role="banner">
        <div id="zone-header-utility">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="medium-6 columns utility-nav" role="navigation" arial-label="Audiences">
                        <ul id="menu-utility-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-34160" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-item menu-item-home menu-item-34160"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/"><span>Home</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-34161" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-34161"><a href="/all-stories/"><span>All Stories</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-34163" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-34163"><a href="/for-faculty/"><span>Faculty</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-34162" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-34162"><a href="/for-journalists/"><span>Journalists</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-129635" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-129635"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/for-journalists/expert-advisories/"><span>Advisories</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-82285" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-82285"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/media-contacts/"><span>Media Contacts</span></a></li>
</ul>                    </div>
        <div class="medium-6 columns language-nav">
                                            <ul>
                            <li><a href="/zh-hans/" lang="zh-hans"><img
					width="18"
					height="12"
					src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/flags/zh.png"
					alt="Flag for zh-hans"
				/>简体中文</a></li>
                            <li><a href="/hi/" lang="hi"><img
					width="18"
					height="12"
					src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/flags/India.png"
					alt="Flag for hi"
				/>हिन्दी</a></li>
                            <li><a href="/pt-br/" lang="pt-br"><img
					width="18"
					height="12"
					src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/plugins/sitepress-multilingual-cms/res/flags/pt-br.png"
					alt="Flag for pt-br"
				/>Português</a></li>
                            <li><a href="/es/" lang="es"><img
					width="18"
					height="12"
					src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/plugins/sitepress-multilingual-cms/res/flags/es.png"
					alt="Flag for es"
				/>Español</a></li>
                        </ul>
                        </div>
    </div>
</div>

        <div id="zone-header-branding">
            <div class="row">
                
                <div class="logo-title small-12 medium-6 large-5 columns">
                                         <h1 class="logo"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/" title="University of Michigan News" rel="home">
                        <img src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Michigan-News-website-header-logo-20181012.png" title="University of Michigan News" alt="University of Michigan News" />
                    </a></h1>
                                    </div>

                <div id="widget-header" class="small-12 medium-5 large-5 columns mfwWidget"><div id="search-3" class="widget widget_search"><form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://news.umich.edu/search/">
    <label>
        <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span>
        <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search the site" value="" name="keyword" title="Search for:" />
    </label>
    <button type="submit"><i class="fa fa-search"></i><span class="screen-reader-text">Search</span></button>
</form>
</div><div id="custom_html-2" class="widget_text widget widget_custom_html"><div class="textwidget custom-html-widget"><ul class="social" role="navigation" aria-label="Social Media">
<li><a href="https://twitter.com/UMichiganNews" title="X (Twitter)"><i class="fa-brands fa-x-twitter"><span class="hidden">X (Twitter)</span></i></a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.facebook.com/umichnews" title="Facebook"><i class="fa fa-facebook"><span class="hidden">Facebook</span></i></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtOyfg1Cekg55BCJZ862aI2JkhDNLBD0t" title="YouTube"><i class="fa fa-youtube-play"><span class="hidden">YouTube</span></i></a></li>
<li><a href="https://theconversation.com/institutions/university-of-michigan-1290" title="The Conversation"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 116.55 78.2" style="width: 100%;"><path d="M78.75,0H51.85A37.68,37.68,0,0,0,14.06,37.57V39.1a37.26,37.26,0,0,0,6,20.35L0,78.2l29.35-9a37.66,37.66,0,0,0,22.5,7.44h26.9a37.69,37.69,0,0,0,37.8-37.57V37.57A37.68,37.68,0,0,0,78.75,0ZM99.32,42.59A20.25,20.25,0,0,1,79,62.78H51.59A20.26,20.26,0,0,1,31.28,42.59V34.08A20.25,20.25,0,0,1,51.59,13.89H79A20.24,20.24,0,0,1,99.32,34.08v8.51Z"></path></svg></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.futurity.org/university/university-of-michigan/" title="Futurity"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewbox="0 0 170.11 159.23" style="width: 100%;"><polyline points="117.62 127.44 170.11 127.43 148.65 159.23 96.16 159.23 117.62 127.44"></polyline><polyline points="58.94 42.44 88.22 42.44 116.85 0 64.36 0 0 95.39 23.21 95.39 58.94 42.44"></polyline><polyline points="85.56 106.16 114.84 106.15 143.48 63.72 90.99 63.72 48.08 127.31 71.29 127.31 85.56 106.16"></polyline></svg></a></li>
<li><a href="/michigan-news-podcasts/" title="Podcasts"><i class="fa-solid fa-podcast"><span class="hidden">Podcasts</span></i></a></li>
<li><a href="/feed/" title="RSS"><i class="fa fa-rss"><span class="hidden">RSS</span></i></a></li>
</ul></div></div></div>            </div>
        </div>

        <div id="zone-primary-menu" role="navigation" aria-label="Categories">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="columns">
            <ul id="menu-main-categories" class="menu clearfix"><li id="menu-item-34152" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34152"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/category/arts-culture/"><span>Arts &amp; Culture</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-34153" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34153"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/category/business-economy/"><span>Business &amp; Economy</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-34155" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34155"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/category/education-society/"><span>Education &amp; Society</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-34159" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34159"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/category/environment/"><span>Environment</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-34156" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34156"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/category/health/"><span>Health</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-34157" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34157"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/category/law-politics/"><span>Law &amp; Politics</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-34154" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34154"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/category/science-technology/"><span>Science &amp; Technology</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-34158" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34158"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/category/international/"><span>International</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-186335" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-186335"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/tag/michigan-minds-podcast/"><span>Michigan Minds Podcast</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-186337" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-186337"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/tag/this-is-michigan/"><span>Michigan Stories</span></a></li>
</ul>        </div>
    </div>
</div>


<div id="zone-hot-menu" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="zone-hot-menu-nav">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="columns">
            <h6 id="zone-hot-menu-nav">Trending</h6>
            <ul id="menu-trending" class="menu clearfix"><li id="menu-item-135350" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-135350"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/tag/artificial-intelligence/"><span>Artificial Intelligence</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-81283" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-81283"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/tag/firearms/"><span>Firearms</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-175161" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-175161"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/tag/michigan/"><span>Michigan</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-81189" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-81189"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/tag/detroit/"><span>Detroit</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-81268" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-81268"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/tag/aging/"><span>Aging</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-140931" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-140931"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/tag/mental-health/"><span>Mental Health</span></a></li>
<li id="menu-item-195377" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-195377"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/tag/space/"><span>Space</span></a></li>
</ul>        </div>
    </div>
</div>



            </div><!-- #SECTION-HEADER -->

    
    <div id="section-content" role="main">
        
        <div id="zone-content">
            <div class="row">
                
                
                <div id="content-main" class="small-12 medium-12 large-12 columns">
                    
                    <div id="content">


<div id="homepage">
    <h2 class="hidden">Featured Articles</h2>

        <ul id="homefeatured" class="clearfix">
                <li>
                        <div class="featured-image">
                                <a href="https://news.umich.edu/preventing-tragedy-how-communities-can-use-extreme-risk-protection-orders-to-save-lives/">
                    <img width="745" height="522" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/preventing-tragedy-how-communities-can-use-extreme-risk-protection-orders-to-save-lives-1.-Red-Flag-745x522.jpg" class="attachment-featured-large size-featured-large wp-post-image" alt="Reid DeVoge, deputy director and chief of police at Michigan Tech University. Image credit: Jeremy Marble, University of Michigan News" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/preventing-tragedy-how-communities-can-use-extreme-risk-protection-orders-to-save-lives-1.-Red-Flag-745x522.jpg 745w, https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/preventing-tragedy-how-communities-can-use-extreme-risk-protection-orders-to-save-lives-1.-Red-Flag-505x354.jpg 505w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 745px) 100vw, 745px" />                </a>
            </div>
                        <div class="article">
                <h3 class="title"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/preventing-tragedy-how-communities-can-use-extreme-risk-protection-orders-to-save-lives/">Preventing tragedy: How communities can use extreme risk protection orders to save lives</a></h3>
                <div class="excerpt">
                    <p>Protecting every member of Michigan Technological University's community is top of mind for Reid DeVoge, deputy chief of Public Safety and Police Services.</p>
                    <a href="https://news.umich.edu/preventing-tragedy-how-communities-can-use-extreme-risk-protection-orders-to-save-lives/" class="readmore">Read More <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
                        <li>
                        <div class="featured-image">
                                <a href="https://news.umich.edu/model-u-m-michigan-model-of-leadership-theories-put-to-work-in-classrooms-boardrooms/">
                    <img width="505" height="354" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/model-u-m-michigan-model-of-leadership-theories-put-to-work-in-classrooms-boardrooms-BAS-FEATURE-1-505x354.png" class="attachment-featured size-featured wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" />                </a>
            </div>
                        <div class="article">
                <h3 class="title"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/model-u-m-michigan-model-of-leadership-theories-put-to-work-in-classrooms-boardrooms/">Model U-M: Michigan Model of Leadership theories put to work in classrooms, boardrooms</a></h3>
                <div class="excerpt">
                    <p>The Michigan Model of Leadership was launched more than a decade ago when University of Michigan business experts saw important elements missing from traditional management theories.</p>
                    <a href="https://news.umich.edu/model-u-m-michigan-model-of-leadership-theories-put-to-work-in-classrooms-boardrooms/" class="readmore">Read More <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
                        <li>
                        <div class="featured-image">
                                <a href="https://news.umich.edu/kent-syverud-to-begin-as-u-m-president-on-may-11/">
                    <img width="505" height="354" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Kent-Syverud-portrait-desk-505x354.jpg" class="attachment-featured size-featured wp-post-image" alt="Kent Syverud. Image credit: Eric Bronson, Michigan Photography" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Kent-Syverud-portrait-desk-505x354.jpg 505w, https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Kent-Syverud-portrait-desk-745x522.jpg 745w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px" />                </a>
            </div>
                        <div class="article">
                <h3 class="title"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/kent-syverud-to-begin-as-u-m-president-on-may-11/">Kent Syverud to begin as U-M president on May 11</a></h3>
                <div class="excerpt">
                    <p>Kent Syverud will begin his tenure as the University of Michigan's 16th president on May 11, returning home to U-M's Ann Arbor campus and marking the start of a new chapter in the university's leadership.</p>
                    <a href="https://news.umich.edu/kent-syverud-to-begin-as-u-m-president-on-may-11/" class="readmore">Read More <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
                        <li>
                        <div class="featured-image">
                                <a href="https://news.umich.edu/michigans-literacy-investment-pays-off-growth-in-early-reading-instruction/">
                    <img width="505" height="354" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/michigans-literacy-investment-pays-off-growth-in-early-reading-instruction-Teacher-read-aloud-505x354.jpg" class="attachment-featured size-featured wp-post-image" alt="A teacher in Detroit reads aloud to her class while they follow along in their own copies of the book." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/michigans-literacy-investment-pays-off-growth-in-early-reading-instruction-Teacher-read-aloud-505x354.jpg 505w, https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/michigans-literacy-investment-pays-off-growth-in-early-reading-instruction-Teacher-read-aloud-745x522.jpg 745w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px" />                </a>
            </div>
                        <div class="article">
                <h3 class="title"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/michigans-literacy-investment-pays-off-growth-in-early-reading-instruction/">Michigan&#8217;s literacy investment pays off, growth in early reading instruction</a></h3>
                <div class="excerpt">
                    <p>Early literacy instruction is improving in classrooms across Michigan—showing that targeted coaching can significantly strengthen how young students are taught to read—as a result of the state's investment in early literacy support for educators.</p>
                    <a href="https://news.umich.edu/michigans-literacy-investment-pays-off-growth-in-early-reading-instruction/" class="readmore">Read More <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
                        <li>
                        <div class="featured-image">
                                <a href="https://news.umich.edu/nanoparticles-genetically-modify-several-human-cell-types/">
                    <img width="505" height="354" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nanoparticles-genetically-modify-several-human-cell-types-Jetting_Spray-505x354.jpg" class="attachment-featured size-featured wp-post-image" alt="A tiny, green cone of light fans out from the tip of a syringe. An electrode clamp is attached near the base of the needle." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nanoparticles-genetically-modify-several-human-cell-types-Jetting_Spray-505x354.jpg 505w, https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nanoparticles-genetically-modify-several-human-cell-types-Jetting_Spray-745x522.jpg 745w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px" />                </a>
            </div>
                        <div class="article">
                <h3 class="title"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/nanoparticles-genetically-modify-several-human-cell-types/">Nanoparticles genetically modify several human cell types</a></h3>
                <div class="excerpt">
                    <p>In a demonstration that helps pave the way for gene therapies with fewer side effects, several human cell types were genetically modified with protein nanoparticles designed at University of Michigan Engineering and Michigan Medicine.</p>
                    <a href="https://news.umich.edu/nanoparticles-genetically-modify-several-human-cell-types/" class="readmore">Read More <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
                        <li>
                        <div class="featured-image">
                                <a href="https://news.umich.edu/student-loan-debt-when-nurses-cannot-afford-to-advance/">
                    <img width="505" height="354" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/student-loan-debt-when-nurses-cannot-afford-to-advance-MM_Friese-1-505x354.png" class="attachment-featured size-featured wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/student-loan-debt-when-nurses-cannot-afford-to-advance-MM_Friese-1-505x354.png 505w, https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/student-loan-debt-when-nurses-cannot-afford-to-advance-MM_Friese-1-745x522.png 745w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px" />                </a>
            </div>
                        <div class="article">
                <h3 class="title"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/student-loan-debt-when-nurses-cannot-afford-to-advance/">Student loan debt: When nurses cannot afford to advance</a></h3>
                <div class="excerpt">
                    <p>Christopher Friese, a University of Michigan professor of nursing and of health management and policy, is a national authority on health care quality, nursing work environments and workforce policy.</p>
                    <a href="https://news.umich.edu/student-loan-debt-when-nurses-cannot-afford-to-advance/" class="readmore">Read More <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
                        <li>
                        <div class="featured-image">
                                <a href="https://news.umich.edu/studying-bird-flu-in-the-air-to-protect-people-agricultural-operations-in-michigan-and-beyond/">
                    <img width="505" height="354" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/studying-bird-flu-in-the-air-to-protect-people-agricultural-operations-in-michigan-and-beyond-COE-CM_202602_Herek-Clack-lab_GI_005-505x354.jpg" class="attachment-featured size-featured wp-post-image" alt="Zari Bruch, undergraduate aerospace engineering student, Justin French, undergraduate environmental engineering student, Zhenyu Ma, research fellow in civil and environmental engineering, and Emily Hong, PhD precandidate in civil and environmental engineering, observe the plasma machine at Herek Clack’s lab at the G.G. Brown Laboratory on North Campus at the University of Michigan. Image credit: Gabi Iriarte/Michigan Engineering, Communications &amp; Marketing" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/studying-bird-flu-in-the-air-to-protect-people-agricultural-operations-in-michigan-and-beyond-COE-CM_202602_Herek-Clack-lab_GI_005-505x354.jpg 505w, https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/studying-bird-flu-in-the-air-to-protect-people-agricultural-operations-in-michigan-and-beyond-COE-CM_202602_Herek-Clack-lab_GI_005-745x522.jpg 745w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px" />                </a>
            </div>
                        <div class="article">
                <h3 class="title"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/studying-bird-flu-in-the-air-to-protect-people-agricultural-operations-in-michigan-and-beyond/">Studying bird flu in the air to protect people, agricultural operations in Michigan and beyond</a></h3>
                <div class="excerpt">
                    <p>Discovering how the bird flu virus degrades in the air around livestock and how engineering solutions can effect that degradation quickly and efficiently are core aims of a new University of Michigan Engineering-led project funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This work could help prevent or mitigate future outbreaks.</p>
                    <a href="https://news.umich.edu/studying-bird-flu-in-the-air-to-protect-people-agricultural-operations-in-michigan-and-beyond/" class="readmore">Read More <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
                        <li>
                        <div class="featured-image">
                                <a href="https://news.umich.edu/why-black-holes-hit-the-brakes-on-growth/">
                    <img width="505" height="354" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/why-black-holes-hit-the-brakes-on-growth-J033225_xray_optical-505x354.jpg" class="attachment-featured size-featured wp-post-image" alt="A composite image shows optical, infrared and X-ray images of distant galaxies. The combination of optical and IR show blue and orange galaxies as starbursts and swirls against the blackness of space. Some of the galaxies have a purple glow emanating from their centers, indicating there&#039;s a black hole generating X-rays while growing rapidly." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/why-black-holes-hit-the-brakes-on-growth-J033225_xray_optical-505x354.jpg 505w, https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/why-black-holes-hit-the-brakes-on-growth-J033225_xray_optical-745x522.jpg 745w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px" />                </a>
            </div>
                        <div class="article">
                <h3 class="title"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/why-black-holes-hit-the-brakes-on-growth/">Why black holes hit the brakes on growth</a></h3>
                <div class="excerpt">
                    <p>Black holes just can't feast like they used to. That's according to a new study from a team of astronomers that included University of Michigan researchers.</p>
                    <a href="https://news.umich.edu/why-black-holes-hit-the-brakes-on-growth/" class="readmore">Read More <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
                        <li>
                        <div class="featured-image">
                                <a href="https://news.umich.edu/processed-foods-may-be-fueling-the-rise-in-binge-eating/">
                    <img width="505" height="354" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/processed-foods-may-be-fueling-the-rise-in-binge-eating-505x354.jpg" class="attachment-featured size-featured wp-post-image" alt="A man stands between healthy food choices on the left and unhealthy junk food options on the right. Image credit: Adobe Stock" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/processed-foods-may-be-fueling-the-rise-in-binge-eating-505x354.jpg 505w, https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/processed-foods-may-be-fueling-the-rise-in-binge-eating-745x522.jpg 745w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px" />                </a>
            </div>
                        <div class="article">
                <h3 class="title"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/processed-foods-may-be-fueling-the-rise-in-binge-eating/">Processed foods may be fueling the rise in binge eating</a></h3>
                <div class="excerpt">
                    <p>When people binge eat, it’s rarely broccoli or apples on the menu. Instead, foods like cake, cookies, ice cream and chocolate consistently show up—and a new University of Michigan study suggests that's no coincidence.</p>
                    <a href="https://news.umich.edu/processed-foods-may-be-fueling-the-rise-in-binge-eating/" class="readmore">Read More <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
                        <li>
                        <div class="featured-image">
                                <a href="https://news.umich.edu/caregiving-without-a-net-poll-shows-who-needs-help-most/">
                    <img width="505" height="354" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/caregiving-without-a-net-poll-shows-who-needs-help-most-505x354.jpg" class="attachment-featured size-featured wp-post-image" alt="Daughter feeding elderly mother with soup. Image credit: Adobe Stock" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/caregiving-without-a-net-poll-shows-who-needs-help-most-505x354.jpg 505w, https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/caregiving-without-a-net-poll-shows-who-needs-help-most-745x522.jpg 745w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px" />                </a>
            </div>
                        <div class="article">
                <h3 class="title"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/caregiving-without-a-net-poll-shows-who-needs-help-most/">Caregiving without a net: Poll shows who needs help most</a></h3>
                <div class="excerpt">
                    <p>Nearly a third of Americans over 50 provide regular care to an adult relative or friend with a health issue or disability, but many of them don't know about, or use, local resources that could help them with caregiving, according to a new University of Michigan poll.</p>
                    <a href="https://news.umich.edu/caregiving-without-a-net-poll-shows-who-needs-help-most/" class="readmore">Read More <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
                        <li>
                        <div class="featured-image">
                                <a href="https://news.umich.edu/from-beats-to-people-power-u-m-wallenberg-fellow-amplifies-protest-music-in-the-philippines/">
                    <img width="505" height="354" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/from-beats-to-people-power-u-m-wallenberg-fellow-amplifies-protest-music-in-the-philippines-01.Lukas-Nepomuceno-505x354.jpg" class="attachment-featured size-featured wp-post-image" alt="Nepomuceno at the Pacific Bridge Arts annual gala, as a scholarship recipient." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/from-beats-to-people-power-u-m-wallenberg-fellow-amplifies-protest-music-in-the-philippines-01.Lukas-Nepomuceno-505x354.jpg 505w, https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/from-beats-to-people-power-u-m-wallenberg-fellow-amplifies-protest-music-in-the-philippines-01.Lukas-Nepomuceno-745x522.jpg 745w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px" />                </a>
            </div>
                        <div class="article">
                <h3 class="title"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/from-beats-to-people-power-u-m-wallenberg-fellow-amplifies-protest-music-in-the-philippines/">From beats to people power: U-M Wallenberg Fellow amplifies protest music in the Philippines</a></h3>
                <div class="excerpt">
                    <p>How does music strengthen organizing and progressive movements in the Philippines? How does politically driven music shape public awareness of social issues—and how do artists craft and communicate those messages through their lyrics and intent?</p>
                    <a href="https://news.umich.edu/from-beats-to-people-power-u-m-wallenberg-fellow-amplifies-protest-music-in-the-philippines/" class="readmore">Read More <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
                        <li>
                        <div class="featured-image">
                                <a href="https://news.umich.edu/the-brain-remembers-the-hidden-cost-of-young-adult-substance-use/">
                    <img width="505" height="354" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/the-brain-remembers-the-hidden-cost-of-young-adult-substance-use-AdobeStock_300683202-505x354.jpeg" class="attachment-featured size-featured wp-post-image" alt="Silhouette of a person with his hand on his head depicting depression. Image credit: Adobe Stock" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/the-brain-remembers-the-hidden-cost-of-young-adult-substance-use-AdobeStock_300683202-505x354.jpeg 505w, https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/the-brain-remembers-the-hidden-cost-of-young-adult-substance-use-AdobeStock_300683202-745x522.jpeg 745w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px" />                </a>
            </div>
                        <div class="article">
                <h3 class="title"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/the-brain-remembers-the-hidden-cost-of-young-adult-substance-use/">The brain remembers: The hidden cost of young adult substance use</a></h3>
                <div class="excerpt">
                    <p>Young adults who heavily use substances may report significantly poorer memory decades later, a new University of Michigan study suggests.</p>
                    <a href="https://news.umich.edu/the-brain-remembers-the-hidden-cost-of-young-adult-substance-use/" class="readmore">Read More <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
                        <li>
                        <div class="featured-image">
                                <a href="https://news.umich.edu/nanoscale-hotspots-in-oleds-may-shorten-their-lifespans-in-phones-tvs/">
                    <img width="505" height="354" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nanoscale-hotspots-in-oleds-may-shorten-their-lifespans-in-phones-tvs-charge-rivers-505x354.jpg" class="attachment-featured size-featured wp-post-image" alt="White lines trace out a box with two layers, the one below marked &quot;NPD (40nm)&quot; and the one above marked &quot;Alq3 (50nm)&quot;. In the lower layer, green wavy lines rise up from the bottom, looking a bit like flames. Many orange and peach hotspots appear near the plane between the layers. In the top layer, both blue and green filaments rise like flames, with hotspots dotted among them. Hotspots also speckle the top of the box, with a few at the bottom and in the lower layer as well." decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nanoscale-hotspots-in-oleds-may-shorten-their-lifespans-in-phones-tvs-charge-rivers-505x354.jpg 505w, https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nanoscale-hotspots-in-oleds-may-shorten-their-lifespans-in-phones-tvs-charge-rivers-745x522.jpg 745w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px" />                </a>
            </div>
                        <div class="article">
                <h3 class="title"><a href="https://news.umich.edu/nanoscale-hotspots-in-oleds-may-shorten-their-lifespans-in-phones-tvs/">Nanoscale hotspots in OLEDs may shorten their lifespans in phones, TVs</a></h3>
                <div class="excerpt">
                    <p>The pixels in phone screens and other OLED displays appear to provide a uniform glow, but a team of University of Michigan Engineering researchers has discovered the light actually originates from nanoscale hotspots, some of which flicker.</p>
                    <a href="https://news.umich.edu/nanoscale-hotspots-in-oleds-may-shorten-their-lifespans-in-phones-tvs/" class="readmore">Read More <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
                </div>
            </div>
        </li>
                    </ul>
    
    <div class="row">
        <div class="columns">
            <div id="in-the-news" class="clearfix">
                <h3>In the news</h3>
                <div class="umich-news in-the-news">
        <ul class="news-items">
                <li><a href="https://www.npr.org/2026/04/03/nx-s1-5766260/epstein-files-arrests-doj-prosecutors">
            <span class="outlet">National Public Radio</span>
            <span class="title">After the release of the Epstein files, why have there been so few arrests?</span>
        </a></li>
                <li><a href="https://theconversation.com/why-the-manosphere-has-an-antisemitism-problem-279384">
            <span class="outlet">The Conversation</span>
            <span class="title">Why the manosphere has an antisemitism problem</span>
        </a></li>
                <li><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/7165197/2026/04/02/masters-caddie-bow-hideki-matsuyama-shota-hayafuji/?searchResultPosition=2">
            <span class="outlet">New York Times</span>
            <span class="title">How an iconic Masters moment came to be, and has come to last</span>
        </a></li>
            </ul>
    </div>
                <a class="more" href="/in-the-news/">More In The News <i class="fa fa-angle-double-right"></i></a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>




                    </div> <!-- #CONTENT -->

                                    </div>

                
                            </div>
        </div>
    </div><!-- SECTION-CONTENT -->

    
    <div id="section-footer" role="contentinfo">
        
        <div id="zone-footer">
            <div class="row">
                
                <div id="footer-content" class="large-12 columns">
                    <div class="row">
    <div class="medium-6 columns">
        <div class="umichlogo"><a href="http://umich.edu/"><img src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/themes/news2018/assets/umich-logo.png" alt="University of Michigan Logo" /></a></div>

        <div class="content clearfix">
            <div class="columns">
                <p>
                    412 Maynard St.<br/>
                    Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1399<br/>
                    <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#d5a0b8bcb6bdbbb0a2a695a0b8bcb6bdfbb0b1a0"><i class="fa fa-envelope"><span class="hidden">Email</span></i><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="80f5ede9e3e8eee5f7f3c0f5ede9e3e8aee5e4f5">[email&#160;protected]</span></a></br>
                    <a href="tel:7347647260"><i class="fa fa-phone"><span class="hidden">Phone</span></i>734-764-7260</a><br/>
                    <a href="/about/"><i class="fa fa-info-circle"></i>About Michigan News</a>
                </p>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="medium-6 columns clearfix">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="medium-8 columns more-news" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="footer-more-news-nav">
                <h5 id="footer-more-news-nav">More News</h5>
                <ul>
                    <li><a href="http://arts.umich.edu/">Arts</a></li>
                    <li><a href="http://mgoblue.com/">Athletics</a></li>
                    <li><a href="http://engaged.umich.edu/">Engaged Michigan</a></li>
                    <li><a href="http://global.umich.edu/">Global Michigan</a></li>
                    <li><a href="http://uofmhealth.org/">Michigan Medicine</a></li>
                    <li><a href="http://publicaffairs.vpcomm.umich.edu/">Public Affairs</a></li>
                </ul>
            </div>

            <div class="medium-4 columns publications" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="footer-publications-nav">
                <h5 id="footer-publications-nav">Publications</h5>
                <ul>
                    <li><a href="http://michigantoday.umich.edu/">Michigan Today</a></li>
                    <li><a href="http://record.umich.edu/">The University Record</a></li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row">
        <div class="columns copyright">
                <p><a href="http://vpcomm.umich.edu/">Office of the Vice President for Communications</a><br/>
                &copy; 2026 The <a href="http://regents.umich.edu/">Regents of the University of Michigan</a></p>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
                </div>

                            </div>
        </div>

            </div><!-- SECTION-FOOTER -->

    </div><!-- #WRAPPER -->

<script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script type="speculationrules">
{"prefetch":[{"source":"document","where":{"and":[{"href_matches":"\/*"},{"not":{"href_matches":["\/wp-*.php","\/wp-admin\/*","\/wp-content\/uploads\/*","\/wp-content\/*","\/wp-content\/plugins\/*","\/wp-content\/themes\/news2018\/*","\/wp-content\/themes\/michigan-framework\/*","\/*\\?(.+)"]}},{"not":{"selector_matches":"a[rel~=\"nofollow\"]"}},{"not":{"selector_matches":".no-prefetch, .no-prefetch a"}}]},"eagerness":"conservative"}]}
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://news.umich.edu/wp-content/plugins/page-links-to/dist/new-tab.js?ver=3.3.7" id="page-links-to-js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://umich.edu/apis/umalerts/umalerts.js?ver=1.0" id="umich-alerts-js"></script>

<script>(function(){function c(){var b=a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document;if(b){var d=b.createElement('script');d.innerHTML="window.__CF$cv$params={r:'9e6922a01d90db78',t:'MTc3NTIzMDQ0Mw=='};var a=document.createElement('script');a.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js';document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(a);";b.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(d)}}if(document.body){var a=document.createElement('iframe');a.height=1;a.width=1;a.style.position='absolute';a.style.top=0;a.style.left=0;a.style.border='none';a.style.visibility='hidden';document.body.appendChild(a);if('loading'!==document.readyState)c();else if(window.addEventListener)document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',c);else{var e=document.onreadystatechange||function(){};document.onreadystatechange=function(b){e(b);'loading'!==document.readyState&&(document.onreadystatechange=e,c())}}}})();</script></body>
</html>
