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	<title type="text">Thinking Like Children, Fighting As A Martial Artist</title>
	<subtitle type="text">Hacker Spirit, Team Spirit, Purified Heart and Beyond Desires</subtitle>

	<updated>2010-02-22T02:22:50Z</updated>
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			<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Rethinking Artifical Intelligence → 《重新思考人工智能》]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2010/02/22/rethinking-artifical-intelligence/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=28</id>
		<updated>2010-02-22T02:22:50Z</updated>
		<published>2010-02-21T16:01:08Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="Artificial-Intelligence" /><category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="Computer-Science" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[Broad-based MIT project aims to reinvent AI for a new era. By going back and fixing mistakes, researchers hope to produce ‘co-processors’ for the human mind.]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2010/02/22/rethinking-artifical-intelligence/"><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/ai-overview-1207.html" target="_blank">[原文地址]</a></p>
<p>基础深厚的MIT项目将目标瞄准了新时代的人工智能再研究。通过追溯和修正已发现的错误，研究人员希望能够给人脑设计一个“协作处理器”。<br />
David L. Chandler, MIT News Office</p>
<p><img style="width: 368px; height: 333px;" src="http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice//images/article_images/20091204121447-1.jpg" alt="" width="368" height="333" /></p>
<p>在过去的50多年里，看得出来很多研究人员已经在人工智能这个贫瘠的领域里投入了大量的时间来拓荒，并且在野心勃勃的目标之下取得了一系列相对保守的实际成果。现在，一些领域开拓者在后继思想家的参与下，决定对整个领域构想进行大规模的“重建”。</p>
<p>这次，他们下定决心要做对事——而且，伴随着后见之明、经验、快速发展的科技以及计算机神经科学这一新领域带来的洞察力等等一些列的优势，他们认为已经找到了令人满意的切入点。</p>
<p>这个被称作<a href="http://mmp.cba.mit.edu/">Mind Machine Project (MMP)</a>的新项目，启动时包括初始经费500万美元、5年计划表、一个由教授、研究员、学生和博士后等约二十四位成员组成的松散合作组。 MIT <a href="http://cba.mit.edu/">比特和原子研究中心</a>主任Neil Gershenfeld，也是MMP项目的领导者之一，指出此项目的目标之一是创造出智能机器——“无所谓那意味着什么”。</p>
<p>此项目是对围绕人工智能的整个领域的“基础理论再论”，包括智能和学习的本质以及物理形式如何表示智能。媒体艺术与科学 教授Gershenfeld说：“本来，我想回到30年前重新审视那些已经被冻结的思想”。他还补充道：这个新的小组希望能够改正这么多年来人工智能研究中的&#8221;根本性错误&#8221;。</p>
<p>人工智能最初作为概念和学习领域的时间大致可以追溯到1956年夏天的某个会议上，在那里这个想法带着快速成功的愿景被提了出来。与会者 Herbert Simon 在二十世纪六十年代预测 “在20年内，机器将能胜任任何人类能够做的事”。 然而超出当时水平的20年之后，甚至是现在看来，那个目标还是像之前一样有着太多难以捉摸的地方。</p>
<p>一个广泛接受的事实是在早期那个崇高承诺的很多方面AI都没能实现。“考虑到早期过于乐观的对AI的大肆宣传，它没能顺利实施也就不奇怪了。当然很多新兴领域都有此职业危害。”Tufts大学哲学教授和认知科学中心主任的Daniel Dennett说。他还说，当然不会是一无是处：“现实并不是那么的让人神魂颠倒，但是仍然令人钦佩，很多在八十年代视为几乎不可能的AI应用程序已经是现在的常规程序了。” 包括使用语音识别应答电话咨询的自动化系统。</p>
<p><strong>修复问题</strong></p>
<p>Gershenfeld 说他和他的MMP成员们“想回到过去修复信息技术基础中的问题”。他说AI研究的三个特殊领域——不得不处理智能、学习和&#8221;身体&#8221;—— 已经举步维艰了，它们将会作为特殊方法单独另立新项目。</p>
<p>这些领域的基础是“理解智能”，他说，“你如何为思维建模？到目前为止，生态学——这个可以通过多种方法解决问题的系统——模型里一直欠缺什么？  就像大脑所做的那样。”</p>
<p>这些困难部分 来自人类智能的正真本质，这个通过上亿年进化来的综合了不同功能和系统的复杂体。“这些方面是无法相比的，他们内部不必相互兼容。” Gershenfeld 说，“这只是 AI 研究中的一个相似模式。已经有很多方面能够很好的解决特定问题了，同时人们正在试着将所有问题也都适配到这些方面里来”。 真正需要的是“使系统基于现有一起工作的多个方面”的方法，就像大脑的不同组成一样。“我们不去寻找银弹，相反我们着眼于模型的边界，试着集成和聚合它们”。</p>
<p>第二个焦点是学习。AI的很多工作都在试着将系统和规律的人工一致性渗透到混乱、复杂的人类思考和学习的本质上。“现在已经可以搜集一个人的全部生活经验，然后再使用这些充满了多义性和反复性的数据集来推理。这就是我们如何运作的——当然我们没有给出完全精确的推理，” 他说，计算机需要学习“推理出处理而不是避开、多义或不一致的方法。”</p>
<p>第三个被聚焦的新研究被他们描述为“身体”：“计算机科学和自然科学在数十年前就分开了，” Gershenfeld 说，“计算机按照编写的连续代码行来执行指令，但是大脑并非如此。在大脑里，所有的事情都可以发生在任何时候任何地方。”一种被称作RALA (可配置异步逻辑自动机) 的新兴编程方法试图“基于此以一种看上去更物理的形式来重新实现整个计算机科学。 数值表示在某种程度上具有时间和空间这样的物理单元，因此对系统的描述本身就将系统按照它的表示排列好了。这就可以使得计算机能够“具有像大脑那样的更细粒度的并行运行”。</p>
<p>MMP小组的成员横跨了五代人工智能研究员。第一代的Marvin Minsky 是媒体艺术与科学和计算机科学与工程的荣誉退休教授，他从此领域开创时就一直是领头人。 <a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/">计算机科学和人工智能实验室</a> 的 Patrick Winston 工程学教授是第二代研究员之一。Gershenfeld本人是第三代研究员。Ed Boyden在媒体实验室做教授助理，同时领导着Synthetic Neurobiology小组，他是Gershenfeld的学生，作为第四代研究员。此外第五代研究员包括David Dalrymple 和 Peter Schmidt-Nielsen，前者是当时MIT最年轻的学生之一，在那里14岁就已经毕业了；而后者是个在家自学的奇迹，尽管没有上过一节计算机科学相关课程，但是在15岁时就已经担当了为新型软件开发 设计工具的领袖角色。</p>
<p>有着政府与工业计算机研究和认知科学背景的Newton Howard来到MIT来作为MMP项目的领袖。此项目的经费由 Make a Mind 公司提供，公司主席是Richard Wirt 和 Intel 资深研究员。</p>
<p>“这是第一次用我们各自的知识体系协同合作。” Boyden说，同时指出了今年夏天将要召开的小组初次计划会议，“在那个位置上大家的不可替代之处是各个都雄心勃勃，他们并不害怕碰到和解决各种疑难杂症。”</p>
<p><strong>全景概貌</strong></p>
<p>Harvard (和之前的MIT)认知心理学家认为近几年来AI研究领域已经严重缺少像样的全局思考了。他说：“自二十世纪八十年代以来，他们将注意力过度的放在了软件产品的市场方面，而忽视了是否可以列出一些有趣的智能系统原则，这些原则也许可以同时阐述人脑。在我看来这真是一大遗憾，因为认知科学家(我们这些人)大部分都是些非理论的实验室书呆子；语言学家又仅仅把视线局限在他们自己的理论范围内；整天思考的哲学家则大部分对机械学不感兴趣。”</p>
<p>“理论人工智能的衰落已经导致了脑科学理论的缺乏，我希望这次迈出的新步伐能够力挽狂澜。”</p>
<p>Boyden认为重新审视这个大问题的时间已经成熟了，因为目前已经有大量不同领域的进步能够为人工智能做出贡献。“无疑在过去的几年里，表现和扰乱神经系统的能力已经获得了巨大的进步，同时计算机本身也进步良多——上千美元就能买到一台每秒执行百万兆次计算的超级计算机。”</p>
<p>早期AI研究先锋之一的 Minsky 真心希望这次能够做出重要贡献。数十年前，计算机梦想家Alan Turing提出了一个著名的简单测试——现在被称为“图灵测试”的那个—— 来检测一台机器能否被视为具有正真的智能：如果一个人通过计算机终端持续的与机器通话但是却不能辨别对方是不是人类，那么这台机器便被认为是具有智能的。然而一年一度的“图灵测试”大赛却始终没能诞生出一个令人信服的被认为是人类的机器。</p>
<p>现在，Minsky提出的新测试能够检测出机器何时达到一个有实际用处的复杂层次：看机器阅读儿童故事书之后，是否能够理解故事内容，并用自己的话来解释它或者提出跟故事有关的合理问题。</p>
<p>目前并不清楚在这个时标下这是不是一个可达到的目标，但是Gershenfeld说：“我们需要一些好的有挑战性的项目来将我们的程序整合到一起。”</p>
<p>即将开发的一个项目是一种被他们称作“大脑协作处理器”的辅助技术。这个系统——或者也可以被当作一个认知辅助系统——的初始目标是患有诸如老年痴呆症这样认知混乱的人类。理论上讲它将监听人类的行为和大脑功能，检测什么时候他需要帮助，并且在恰当的时间比较精确的提供有用信息。例如，一个刚刚进入房间的人的姓名以及病人最后一次见到此人的时间。</p>
<p>小组成员还同时提出了个同类系统，作为某种形式的大脑扩展——一种增强他们已有能力的方法，能够为非残疾人士查找合适的应用。例如将个人信息数据库里的一切标记为全部网络资源并在需要的时候实时提供。这个方案是要将设备做的尽可能便携——也许有些东西人们仅仅是想像使用一副耳机那样的简单。</p>
<p>Boyden认为项目最初五年的计划看起来是恰当的。“这么长的时间足够人们冒险尝试真正大胆的想法。”他说，“但是并没有长到让我们能有所进步，对于产品周期来说它到是足够的短 ，这是一个有用压力。” 在这些概念中，小组将探索“智能”，适应性书籍和游戏——或者就像Gershenfeld建议的那样：会思考的书。</p>
<p>在这次长跑中，Minsky 仍然对更宏伟的目标寄与厚望。例如，他指出一个事实就是他的 iPhone能够下载上千个不同的应用，而且下载完成就能立即运行新功能。为什么不让大脑也能做同样的事？“我想下载一个欺骗的能力。”他说，“没有什么事比学习如何欺骗更无聊了。”</p>
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Happy New Year, Happy New Domain]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/12/31/happy-new-year-happy-new-domain/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=27</id>
		<updated>2009-12-31T14:04:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-12-31T14:04:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="2.0" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[This blog has been binded to my own doamin 
www.wargrey.net
But you should not to do anything at all because the original URL and feed address are still available.
Haw-haw, Thanks the http://www.godaddy.com/ for supporting alipay which is a online business platform, and more luckily, the date alipay was supported is just the day I got my [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/12/31/happy-new-year-happy-new-domain/"><![CDATA[<p>This blog has been binded to my own doamin <br />
<h2><a href="http://www.wargrey.net/default.swf">www.wargrey.net<wbr></wbr></a></h2>
<p><a name='more'></a>But you should not to do anything at all because the original URL and feed address are still available.</p>
<p>Haw-haw, Thanks the <a href="http://www.godaddy.com/" target="_blank">http://www.godaddy.com/</a> for supporting <a href="http://www.alipay.com/" target="_blank">alipay</a> which is a online business platform, and more luckily, the date alipay was supported is just the day I got my first author&#8217;s remuneration. That&#8217;s actually the &#8220;To arrive early is not so good as to arrive at the most opportune moment&#8221;.</p>
<p>So far I don&#8217;t has my own Server, and the internet in our country is unstable. This gives me enough time to develop a system only used by myself. In another hand, the choice of technology of online hosts is too limited, in fact I don&#8217;t like the runtime for PHP and JavaScript at all. In the near future, this domain will be re-binded to the new system.</p>
<p>Happy new domain, happy new year, and try the best to follow the heart unswervingly.
<div class="blogger-post-footer">
<hr/>
<a href="http://www.wargrey.net">Thinking Like Children, Fighting As A Martial Artist</a><br/><br />
<br/></div>
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[AIR on ActionScript&#8217;s own of deducting Visualizing Data [Connection and Correlation]]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/12/25/air-on-actionscripts-own-of-deducting-visualizing-data-connection-and-correlation/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=26</id>
		<updated>2009-12-25T14:10:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-12-25T14:10:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="AIR" /><category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="ActionScript" /><category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="Developement" /><category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="Visualizing" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[Key Problem: Order-invoking asynchronous eventsPrevious：AIR on ActionScript&#8217;s own of deducting Visualizing Data [Time Series]
Related Downloads:MSN SkyDriver Books Visualizing DataSource Files VisualizingData.ConnectionAndCorrelation.tar.bz2 
Related Links:Preface: AIR on ActionScript&#8217;s own of deducting Visualizing DataGetting Started: AIR on ActionScript&#8217;s own of deducting Visualizing Data
Before we start, let me have an introduction since the previous posts are posted in my [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/12/25/air-on-actionscripts-own-of-deducting-visualizing-data-connection-and-correlation/"><![CDATA[<p>Key Problem: Order-invoking asynchronous events<br /><a name='more'></a><br />Previous：<a href="http://wargrey.yo2.cn/2009/10/31/37962/" linkindex="19">AIR on ActionScript&#8217;s own of deducting <i>Visualizing Data </i>[Time Series]</a><br />
<hr />Related Downloads:<a href="https://cid-1421920ef8158d0d.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/Books/VisualizingData.pdf" linkindex="20" target="_blank"><br />MSN SkyDriver Books <i>Visualizing Data</i><br /></a><a href="http://cid-1421920ef8158d0d.skydrive.live.com/self.aspx/OpenSource/VisualizingData.ConnectionAndCorrelation.tar.bz2" linkindex="20" target="_blank">Source Files <i>VisualizingData<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>.ConnectionAndC<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>o<wbr></wbr>rrelation.tar.b<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>z2</i> </a></p>
<p>Related Links:<br /><a href="http://wargrey.yo2.cn/2009/09/11/36160/" linkindex="21">Preface: AIR on ActionScript&#8217;s own of deducting <i>Visualizing Data</i><br /></a><a href="http://wargrey.yo2.cn/2009/09/11/36174/" linkindex="22">Getting Started: AIR on ActionScript&#8217;s own of deducting <i>Visualizing Data</i><br /></a><br /><b></b></p>
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: left;">Before we start, let me have an introduction since the previous posts are posted in my Chinese blog whose functions have been transfered here. These series of posts are used to record my process of re-implementing<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> <wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>the examples demonstrated in book <i>Visualizing Data</i> using pure and basic <i>ActionScript 3</i> (only using its standard frameworks, and without using <i>amxml</i>) running on <i>AIR</i> 1.5. As always, I will not nag the knowledge that you can find in the book or API reference.</div>
<div style="text-align: center;"></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">The context of this post corresponds the chapter 5 <i>Connection and Correlation</i>&nbsp;of the original book. From this chapter on, the demonstration becomes interesting because it is not only the simple representation but including the data mining. So this demonstration is more practical if you like baseball seasons, or you can program something else like this.</div>
<div align="left" style="text-align: center;"></div>
<div style="text-align: center;"><img alt="ConnectionAndCorrelation" src="http://public.bay.livefilestore.com/y1pZEgJEDHVvJROWXJEg9ZCq6zZUZXzRG4ym2jMzYlpDaIi-f8ExJrLyfBgdz67_lFT_70dkm_9RPun_xI-IBWoZg/ConnectionAndCorrelation.png" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;"></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">As you see,<i> ActionScript 3 </i>is&nbsp;an asynchronous event-driven programming language. So you cannot suppose&nbsp;the&nbsp;completion order of several events even they are order-invoked and do the same thing, and currently there is no good example to implement a synchronous mechanism because <i>as3 </i>is also a single-thread language. Perhaps you also have worked out that the flash player is a multi-thread environment. Yes, so it is. That sounds good, however, only the special actions/events handlers can execute in non-main threads and it goes automatically. On another hand, I heard the non-main threads only be dispatched when all the other threads done. <b>That&#8217;s why the document say &#8220;When the event actually happens, the event target calls each function and method registered in turn&#8221; but you can never use the endless loop that controlled by the &#8220;share variable&#8221; to indicate the <i>sleep</i>-like mechanism</b>. If you do this the loop will soon lead the main window forced to suspend because the event handler is waiting for the main thread&#8217;s done.</p>
<p>Sometimes this is a bad feature but don&#8217;t worry. Let&#8217;s think it out why this is still reasonable. Unlike other languages such as <i>Java</i>, <i>Flash</i>/<i>flex</i> or even <i>AIR</i> with <i>ActionScript 3</i> is used to build the pure GUI applications. Almost all the functions of these applications are driven by users, so the most time during their run time is waiting, this gives lots of points to invoke the events handlers. Furthermore, there is a good feature <i>Function Expression</i> that allow us to write the codes in turn as if it really supports synchronous mechanism. So as the widely usage in frameworks itself, we can add optional parameters as the callback functions to each function or method contains the asynchronous invocation.</p>
<p>Returning to the original purpose (<b>Please review the seven stages of visualizing data described in chapter 1 because unlike the previous chapters this one gives you the chance to practise all the stages</b>). In short, this demonstration needs some data about the baseball seasons mined from the online website from both HTML and <i>javascript</i> formats, then drawing these data in the window. In order to make an interaction between user and program, there also needs a <i>date selector component</i> to switch between dates. But my instance is a bit different from the original one:
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">1.All the datas in my instance are mining by pure <i>ActionScript 3</i> codes instead of by hand. The book does not suggest handing by code, but to speak frankly, this is my first time to data mining, and it&#8217;s a good chance to accumulate my code frameworks (and test cases), so I parsed the datas all by code. Of course, these datas are saved to disk for the next accessing if they were first downloaded.</div>
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">2.The original demonstration only cares about the datas of current year. But&#8230; The first time I read this chapter I had misunderstood the parameters of the <i>data selector component</i>. Until I coded for it my instance has supported the multi years, and I think this feature is more useful, so I add two more keys shortcuts to switch the <i>current year</i>. Because of the different numbers of dates I have to widen the width of main window.</div>
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">3.In the original demonstration, the lines drawing to connect the teams and salaries are variant in size.But obviously the salaries are ordered, and the lines must be smaller and smaller from up to down. This looks ugly, so I gave parameters <i>maximum Thickness</i> and <i>minimum Thickness</i> the same value.</div>
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">4.Because AIR programs will not be executed in the browers. So I ignored the entire section <i>Deployment Consideration</i>.</div>
<p>Finally I show you the most key method <i>loadMultiURLs</i> here, it&#8217;s used to load and parse several URLs in well-defined order.</p>
<pre class="prettyprint">private function loadMultiURLs(T<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ARGET:*,URL:*,H<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ANDLER:*,... afters):void{ var index:int=0; var previousTarget:<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>IEventDispatche<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>r=null; var urls:Vector.&amp;am<wbr></wbr>p;am<wbr></wbr>p;lt<wbr></wbr>;String&gt;=(UR<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>L is Vector.&lt;Stri<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ng&gt;)?URL:Vec<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>tor.&lt;String&amp;<wbr></wbr>amp;<wbr></wbr>amp;<wbr></wbr>gt;((URL is Array)?URL:[URL<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>]); var handlers:Vector<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>.&lt;Function&amp;a<wbr></wbr>mp;a<wbr></wbr>mp;g<wbr></wbr>t;=(HANDLER is Vector.&lt;Func<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>tion&gt;)?HANDL<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ER:Vector.&lt;F<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>unction&gt;((HA<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>NDLER is Array)?HANDLER:<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>[HANDLER]); var targets:Vector.<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>&lt;IEventDispa<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>tcher&gt;=(TARG<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ET is Vector.&lt;IEve<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ntDispatcher&amp;am<wbr></wbr>p;am<wbr></wbr>p;gt<wbr></wbr> <img src='http://blog.xspirithack.org/wp-includes/images/smilies/icon_wink.gif' alt=';)' class='wp-smiley' /> ?TARGET:((TAR<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>GET is Array)?Vector.&amp;<wbr></wbr>amp;<wbr></wbr>amp;<wbr></wbr>lt;IEventDispat<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>cher&gt;(TARGET<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>):new Vector.&lt;IEve<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ntDispatcher&amp;am<wbr></wbr>p;am<wbr></wbr>p;gt<wbr></wbr>;(urls.length))<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>; for(var i:int=0;i&lt;ta<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>rgets.length;i+<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>+){  targets[i]=(TAR<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>GET is IEventDispatche<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>r)?TARGET:targe<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ts[i];  if ((targets[i]==n<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ull)||(targets[<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>i]["load"]==nul<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>l)){   targets.splice(<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>i,1);  } }

 var modifiedHandle:<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Function=functi<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>on(event:Event)<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>:void{  handlers[index+<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>+].call(NaN,eve<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>nt);  if (index&lt;urls.<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>length){   loadURL.call(Na<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>N,index);  }else{   previousTarget.<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>removeEventList<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ener(Event.COMP<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>LETE,modifiedHa<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ndle);   doAfters.call()<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>;  } }; var loadURL:Functio<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>n=function(inde<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>x:int):void{  try{   previousTarget.<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>removeEventList<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ener(Event.COMP<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>LETE,modifiedHa<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ndle);  }catch(e:*){}  previousTarget=<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>targets[index] as EventDispatcher<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>;  try{   previousTarget=<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>DisplayObject(t<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>argets[index]).<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>loaderInfo;   previousTarget=<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Loader(targets[<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>index]).content<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>LoaderInfo;  }catch(e:*){}  previousTarget.<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>addEventListene<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>r(Event.COMPLET<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>E,modifiedHandl<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>e,false,0,true)<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>;  targets[index][<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>"load"].call(Na<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>N,new URLRequest(urls<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>[index]));  FlexGlobals.top<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>LevelApplicatio<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>n.status="Downl<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>oading "+urls[index]; }; var doAfters:Functi<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>on=function():v<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>oid{  for(var i:int=0;i&lt;af<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ters.length;i++<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>){   var fus:Array=(afte<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>rs[i] is Array)?afters[i<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>]:[afters[i]];   for(var func:Object=fus<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>.shift();((!fun<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>c is Function)&amp;&amp;<wbr></wbr>amp;<wbr></wbr>amp;<wbr></wbr>amp;(func!=null<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>));func=fus.shi<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ft());   try{    func.apply(NaN,<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>fus);   }catch(e:Error)<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>{    if ((e.errorID==10<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>63)&amp;&amp;(f<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>unc!=null)){     func.call();    }else if (func!=null){     throw e;    }   }  } };

 if ((urls.length&amp;a<wbr></wbr>mp;a<wbr></wbr>mp;g<wbr></wbr>t;0)&amp;&amp;(<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>targets.length=<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>=(urls.length+h<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>andlers.length)<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>/2)){  loadURL.call(Na<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>N,index); }else{  doAfters.call()<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>; }}</pre>
<p>
<div style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">I am sorry these codes are ugly for reading, but there is no overloading mechanism in <i>ActionScript 3</i>. This complicates the handing of parameters, actually my codes are easy to understand if you have the knowledge of <i>Closure</i>.</span></div>
<p>Haw-haw, I&#8217;m not interested in baseball, so my instance acts the test cases of this method (Please checking the source code <i>Correlation.as</i> at lines 89, 106, 109, 275). Frankly speaking, I am not satisfied with this method at all, but I&#8217;ve no better idea because the last invoked event handler is unpredictable. Do you have any opinions? Thanks!</p>
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<hr /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">Next: <a href="http://wargrey.yo2.cn/2009/09/11/36160/" linkindex="23">AIR on ActionScript&#8217;s own of deducting <i>Visualizing Data</i> [Preface]</a></div>
<div class="blogger-post-footer">
<hr/>
<a href="http://www.wargrey.net">Thinking Like Children, Fighting As A Martial Artist</a><br/><br />
<br/></div>
]]></content>
		<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/12/25/air-on-actionscripts-own-of-deducting-visualizing-data-connection-and-correlation/#comments" thr:count="10"/>
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		<thr:total>10</thr:total>
	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Declaration: I have stopped updating my Chinese blog 時空の軌跡]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/12/21/declaration-i-have-stopped-updating-my-chinese-blog-%e6%99%82%e7%a9%ba%e3%81%ae%e8%bb%8c%e8%b7%a1/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=25</id>
		<updated>2009-12-21T14:44:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-12-21T14:44:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="2.0" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[It seems that we the universal call for liberty are driven to the last ditch by the evil and stupid government. I have had enough of selecting the blog service provider where my blog will be moved to again and again because I have a lot of important things to do. These days, my main [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/12/21/declaration-i-have-stopped-updating-my-chinese-blog-%e6%99%82%e7%a9%ba%e3%81%ae%e8%bb%8c%e8%b7%a1/"><![CDATA[<p>It seems that we the universal call for liberty are driven to the last ditch by the evil and stupid government. I have had enough of selecting the blog service provider where my blog will be moved to again and again because I have a lot of important things to do. These days, my main blog <a href="http://wargrey.yo2.cn/" target="_blank">時空の軌跡</a> whose location is in China&#8217;s inland has being G-F-Wed. How can I just imagine when I open the URL but the request and response both have to go for spins outside before the browser can display! So I decided to stop updating that blog and focus on this one instead.</p>
<p><a name='more'></a>You must psyche yourself up to encounter the greatest and largest man-made LAN. Not to mention whether the physical connection will be disconnected. Even though you could breakthrough the Great Fire Wall and do some writing in the foreign servers, the government has promised that your posts will not be read by others, needless to say physical disconnection is not impossible. Haw-haw, living in China, it is nothing less than living in hell.</p>
<p>The ancients like to live secluded from the world and enjoy his/her residue of life if they encounter the dislocating world and the government that lousy son of bitch. But in the modern society, especially for us working on computer and internet, it is not a good idea. Thinking over and over, maybe the best solution is to use the foreign languages instead of&nbsp; the native one. But remembering it is not my real intention, and I just be forced to and have to. Luckily, I am not interested in the politics and I am not a cynical man as well.</p>
<p>At last, no matter how bad the environment is, and how shamelessly the government is, we should confront it with a brave smile!
<div class="blogger-post-footer">
<hr/>
<a href="http://www.wargrey.net">Thinking Like Children, Fighting As A Martial Artist</a><br/><br />
<br/></div>
]]></content>
		<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/12/21/declaration-i-have-stopped-updating-my-chinese-blog-%e6%99%82%e7%a9%ba%e3%81%ae%e8%bb%8c%e8%b7%a1/#comments" thr:count="22"/>
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		<thr:total>22</thr:total>
	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Chandler Project FAQ → 《Chandler项目FAQ》]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/12/16/chandler-project-faq-%e2%86%92-%e3%80%8achandler%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%aefaq%e3%80%8b/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=31</id>
		<updated>2009-12-16T15:18:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-12-16T15:18:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="Software" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[[原文地址]
关于OSAF组织的问题请访问OSAF FAQ。另外也可以访问我们的初级教程和疑难解答页面。

Chandler项目


问     Chandler是什么？ 
问     Chandler遵循什么授权许可证？ 
问     Chandler项目的商标政策是什么？
问     Chandler免费吗？将来OSAF是否会对Chandler收费？
问     我可以捐赠金钱/软件/硬件/劳动力/毛皮牲畜给你们吗？
问     我如何才能为此项目做贡献？



Chandler产品


问     Chandler的目标市场或用户类型是什么？ 
问     Chandler能进行项目管理吗？
问     我能用Chandler收发电子邮件吗？
问     Chandler的运行依赖于Chandler [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/12/16/chandler-project-faq-%e2%86%92-%e3%80%8achandler%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%aefaq%e3%80%8b/"><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://chandlerproject.org/faq" target="blank">[原文地址]</a></p>
<p>关于OSAF组织的问题请访<wbr></wbr>问<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/OSAFFAQ">OSAF FAQ</a>。<br />另外也可以访问我们的<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/getstarted" target="_top">初级教程</a>和<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/TroubleshootChandler">疑难解答</a>页面。<br /><a name='more'></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#ChandlerProject">Chandler项目</a>
<ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="#WhatisChandler">问     Chandler是什么？ </a></li>
<li><a href="#WhatlicenseisChandlerun">问     Chandler遵循什么授权许<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>可证？ </a></li>
<li><a href="#WhatistheChandlerProject">问     Chandler项目的商标政策<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>是什么？</a></li>
<li><a href="#IsChandlerfreeWillOSAF">问     Chandler免费吗？将来O<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>SAF是否会对Chandler<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>收费？</a></li>
<li><a href="#CanIdonatemoneysoftware">问     我可以捐赠金钱/软件/硬件/劳<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>动力/毛皮牲畜给你们吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#HowcanIcontributetothe">问     我如何才能为此项目做贡献？</a></li>
</ul>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#ChandlerProduct">Chandler产品</a>
<ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Whatmarketortypeofuser">问     Chandler的目标市场或用<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>户类型是什么？ </a></li>
<li><a href="#DoesChandlerdoProjectMa">问     Chandler能进行项目管理<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#CanIuseChandlerforEmai">问     我能用Chandler收发电子<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>邮件吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#DoesChandlerneedChandler">问     Chandler的运行依赖于C<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>handler Hub/服务器吗？(反之亦然)<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> </a></li>
<li><a href="#CanIaccessmydatathroug">问     我能通过网络或PDA来访问我的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>数据吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#AreDesktopandServerrelea">问     Chandler Desktop和Cha<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ndler Server两个版本同步吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Ifoundaproblemwiththe">问     我怎么才能报告我发现的软件问题<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>？</a></li>
</ul>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#ChandlerDesktop">Chandler Desktop</a>
<ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Whataretheminimumrecomm">问     Chandler运行的最小/建<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>议配置要求是什么？</a></li>
<li><a href="#WhatplatformsdoesChandler">问     Chandler支持哪些操作系<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>统平台？</a></li>
<li><a href="#WhereistheChandlerdatab">问     Chandler数据库存储在我<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的系统的什么地方？</a></li>
<li><a href="#IwouldliketouseChandle">问     我能用不同的语言使用Chand<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ler吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#HowdoIgetmytasksandca">问     我如何才能将我已有的任务和日程<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>表（来自Outlook、Pal<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>m、Apple     iCal、Google等）导入<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>到Chandler里？</a></li>
<li><a href="#HowdoIupgradeDatami">问     我该如何升级？（数据迁移指令）<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr></a></li>
<li><a href="#HowdoIkeepChandlerDeskt">问     我如何同步多台电脑里的Chan<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>dler Desktop？</a></li>
<li><a href="#CanIsyncChandlerDesktop">问     我能通过代理同步Chandle<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>r Desktop吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#WhatserversservicescanC">问     Chandler Desktop能发布给<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>哪些服务？</a></li>
<li><a href="#WhatserversservicescanC1">问     Chandler Desktop能订阅那<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>些服务？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Whatdoesthaticonmean">问     那个图标是什么意思？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Whatisthedifferencebetwe">问     移除和删除的区别是什么？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Whatareallthecommandsfo">问     快捷Box都有哪些命令可用？</a></li>
<li><a href="#HowdoIchangethedatetim">问     我如何改变日期/时间格式，如何<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>设置星期的第一天？</a></li>
</ul>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#ChandlerHub">Chandler Hub</a>
<ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="#WhatdotheTermsofService">问     服务条款和隐私策略是什么？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Imhavingproblemssigning">问     我如何上报我的问题，或者激活我<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的帐号？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Whatinformationdoyouneed">问     你们需要哪些信息来开放一个Ch<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>andler Hub账户？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Whatsortofuptimeandavai">问     我应该预计多长的有效时间和多大<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的有效性？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Howsecureismyinformation">问     我在Chandler Hub上的信息有多安全？</a></li>
<li><a href="#WhoownsthedataIputon">问     我放到Chandler Hub上的数据还受谁支配？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Imtryingtorunthisonm">问     Chandler Hub支持哪些浏览器？我想在移<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>动设备上运行它。</a></li>
<li><a href="#WhatapplicationscanIuse">问     我能使用哪些应用程序来发布数据<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>给Chandler Hub？</a></li>
<li><a href="#WhatapplicationscanIuse1">问     我能使用哪些应用程序来订阅Ch<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>andler Hub？</a></li>
<li><a href="#IsSSLsupportedIsSSLre">问     Chandler Hub支持SSL吗？SSL必须<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>吗？</a></li>
</ul>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#ChandlerServerQuestions">Chandler Server</a>
<ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="#WhatisChandlerServerCo">问     Chandler Server(Cosmo)是什<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>么，它与Chandler Hub有什么关系？</a></li>
<li><a href="#HowdoIgetChandlerServe">问     我如何获取Chandler Server(Cosmo)? </a></li>
<li><a href="#CanIseehowChandlerServ">问     我在不下载和安装OSAF服务器<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>包的情况下可以观察Chandl<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>er Server是如何工作的吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#HowdoIfindinformationa">问     我在下载了Chandler Server之后如何找到相关信<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>息？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Howsecureismyinformatio">问     我在Chandler Server(Cosmo)上的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>信息有多安全？</a></li>
<li><a href="#WillChandlerServerrunon">问     Chandler Server会支持Window<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>s Vista和Mac OS X Leopard吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Whatisthedefaultpasswor">问     root帐号的默认密码是什么？<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr></a></li>
<li><a href="#HowdoIbrowsemyHomedir">     问 我如何浏览我在服务器上的hom<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>e目录？</a></li>
<li><a href="#HowdoIuseaBinsertDBv">问     我如何使用其他数据库提供商的产<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>品而不是默认的嵌入式Derby<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>数据库？</a></li>
<li><a href="#CanIupgradefromprevious">问     我能在保留原有数据的情况下升级<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>旧版Chandler Server吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#CanImigratefromDerbyto">问     我能将数据从Derby数据库迁<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>移到MySQL数据库吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#HowdoIbackupacosmoser">     问 我如何备份Chandler Server？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Doescosmorunonjava16">问     Chandler Server是运行在java 1.6版本上的吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#CanIruncosmoonadiffer">     问 我能将Chandler Server部署到不同的应用服<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>务器上去吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Usingthewebuiisgreatb">问     我如何使用其他应用程序来查看/<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>更新我的数据？虽然Web用户接<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>口也很出色。</a></li>
<li><a href="#Iscosmohorizontallyscala">问     Chandler Server可以水平扩展吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#CanIuseLDAPorBinserto">问     我可以不在Chandler Server上创建账户而使用L<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>DAP或其他认证方法吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Doescosmosupportgroupsa">问     Chandler Server支持群组和/或访问<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>控制列表吗？</a></li>
</ul>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#ChandlerDesktopDeveloperQuest">Chandler Desktop开发者</a>
<ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Whatistheprogrammingenv">问     Chandler的编程环境是什<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>么？</a></li>
<li><a href="#WhydidyouchoosePythoni">问     你们为什么选择Python而不<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>是Java？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Whydidntyouusezodb">问     你们为什么不使用zodb？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Whatmodificationsdidyoum">问     你们对Python做了哪些修改<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>？</a></li>
<li><a href="#WherecanIfinddocumentati">问     我在哪可以找到相关API的文档<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>？</a></li>
</ul>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#ChandlerServerDeveloperQuesti">Chandler Server开发者</a>
<ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="#Wowthebuildseemstobe">问     哇！这个构建版本似乎下载了一堆<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的jar包，这是正常现象吗？</a></li>
<li><a href="#Wheredidallthosedownloa">问     所有下载的jar包都放哪了？</a></li>
<li><a href="#HuhMaven">问     构建工具是Huh还是Maven<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>？</a></li>
</ul>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#Troubleshooting">疑难解答</a>
<ul>
<ul>
<li><a href="#OhnoChandlerhangsduri">问     噢，不！Chandler启动时<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>挂起了，我该怎么办？</a></li>
</ul>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="ChandlerProject"></a>Chandler项目</h3>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatisChandler"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WhatisChandler"></a><b>问 </b>Chandler是什么？</h5>
<p>Chandler是一个开放源码<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的事务自动管理系统，主要设计用<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>于个人使用和小组合作。Chan<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>dler由跨平台部件、桌面应用<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>程序、WebDAV共享服务和W<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>eb应用程序组成。<br />有关这个问题更深入的回答可以另<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>外参考<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/tour" target="_top">产品浏览</a>和<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/Vision">愿景</a><br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatlicenseisChandlerun"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WhatlicenseisChandlerun"></a><b>问 </b>Chandler遵循什么授权许<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>可证？</h5>
<p>Chandler Desktop和Cha<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ndler Server遵循<a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0" target="_top">Apache Software License, Version 2.0</a>。<br />Chandler徽标图案和Ch<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>andler项目网站上的所有内<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>容遵循<a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0" target="_top">Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0</a> 。<br />有关Chandler Hub的服务条款和隐私策略的说<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>明包含在本<a href="file:///home/Estelle/Download/faqvim.html">FAQ</a>的《Chandler Hub》一节。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WhatistheChandlerProject"></a><b>问 </b>Chandler项目的商标政策<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>是什么？</h5>
<p>一个商标代表一种使您的工作不与<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>其他人混淆的权利。OSAF的工<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>作，作为Chandler项目的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>创造者，由两种主要的商标类型确<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>认：Chandler名称和狗徽<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>标图案。<br />您允许使用和修改商标名称和徽标<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，但是您不能包含那些由您自己修<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>改而来自OSAF的变更。举个例<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>子，我们的商标策略不允许您将您<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的软件称之为“Chandler<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>++”。如果您意图隐式地更改我<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>们软件的工作方式，您应当使用不<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>同的名称和徽标。我们允许那些诸<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>如修改Bug、提高安全性、与其<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>他软件集成或做其他一般修改的更<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>改。<br />您在使用我们的商标时并不被要求<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>要联系我们。<br />请通过下面的方式来联系我们，如<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>果您想确认您使用我们商标的方式<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>是否会造成混乱：<br />OSAF trademarks c/o OSAF 543 Howard St, 5th floor San Francisco, CA 94105<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="IsChandlerfreeWillOSAF"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler免费吗？将来O<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>SAF是否会对Chandler<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>收费？</h5>
<p>Chandler的开源源码特性<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>意味着它不仅使用上免费，而且其<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>源代码——必要的程序“核心”—<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>—也将免费提供。<br />OSAF的使命是创造和争取使坚<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>定的使用高质量开源方法的软件应<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>用程序能够被广泛接受。这意味着<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>我们首要的任务是在自由/开源授<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>权下为那些在他们的领域里操作专<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>有软件的人提供免费软件。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QCanIdonatemoneysoftware"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="CanIdonatemoneysoftware"></a><b>问 </b> 我可以捐赠金钱/软件/硬件/劳<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>动力/毛皮牲畜给你们吗？</h5>
<p>请访问<a href="http://www.osafoundation.org/donations.htm" target="_top">募捐页面</a>。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QHowcanIcontributetothe"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="HowcanIcontributetothe"></a><b>问 </b> 我如何才能为此项目做贡献？</h5>
<p>请访问<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/GetInvolved">加入我们</a>页面查看为项目作贡献的途径。<br />
<h3><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="ChandlerProduct"></a>Chandler产品</h3>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatmarketortypeofuser"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Whatmarketortypeofuser"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler的目标市场或用<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>户类型是什么？</h5>
<p>Chandler的目标市场是知<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>识工作者。一般来说我们不特定于<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>某个具体的行业，我们也不区分您<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>是员工还是普通用户，我们已经知<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>道信息管理工作流并不介意这些区<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>别。对于我们的目标用户，信息是<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>他们工作的资产，并且由此产生更<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>多的信息作为他们工作的产出：探<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>索、提案、优先级排序、定位和决<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>策？或者贯穿其中，以达到知识积<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>累与分享的目的。<br />对于预览版，我们限制了范围以特<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>定于具体的知识工作者类型，也就<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>是当今确实存在的我们认为可能成<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>为软件潜在服务对象的那一类。那<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>些人扮演着通信中继站的角色而每<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>天都需要与他们所在团队中的每一<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>个成员密切合作，在计算机软件行<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>业里，他们通常具有项目经理、产<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>品经理或程序经理的头衔。<br />为了使我们的目标用户能够与其他<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>人合作，我们开发了Chandl<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>er Hub网络应用程序来聚焦于满足<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>“临时合作者”的需求。<br />参见 如何<a href="http://blog.chandlerproject.org/category/howiusechandler/">使用Chandler</a>。<br />参见 <a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/Vision#TargetUser" target="_top">目标用户</a>页面以获得此问题更深入的回答。<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QDoesChandlerdoProjectMa"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="DoesChandlerdoProjectMa"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler能进行项目管理<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>吗？</h5>
<p>如果您是指甘特图、计划图、时间<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>轴、依赖任务、资源管理等，那它<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><b>不能</b>。<br />如果您指一种将任务分解为多个步<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>骤并对其进行管理的方法，那它<b>能</b>！Chandler被设计用于弥<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>补因安排不均衡而处理起来往往超<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>载的项目管理和由于任务清单功能<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>太弱而被称之为<b>小破p</b>的项目管理之间的缺漏。<br />参见 如何<a href="http://blog.chandlerproject.org/category/howiusechandler/">使用Chandler</a>。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QCanIuseChandlerforEmai"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="CanIuseChandlerforEmai"></a><b>问 </b> 我能用Chandler收发电子<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>邮件吗？</h5>
<p><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="EmailSupport"></a> Chandler并非成熟独立的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>邮件客户端，所以不要期待能用C<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>handler取代您现有的邮件<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>应用程序。不过，邮件是Chan<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>dler的重要组成部分，我也打<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>算继续构建邮件功能。目前，Ch<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>andler是通过三个IMAP<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>资料夹来发送、接收（来自其他C<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>hanlder用户）、下载邮件<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的。<br /><b>已支持特性</b>
<ul><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722"> </a>
<li>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0in;">将Chandler便签和事件作<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>为邮件发送（与“正规”邮件不同<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的是，您可以<b>编辑和重发</b>Chandler邮件）<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/GetStarted#CollaborateonNotesandEvents" target="_top">使用说明</a></div>
</li>
<li>将其他Chandler用户发送<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的Chandler便签和事件作<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>为邮件接收</li>
<li>将您的邮件客户端的信息添加到特<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>定的Chandler IMAP资料夹中以便将它们下载<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>到Chandler里，在这些资<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>料夹中，您可以像管理Chand<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ler便签和事件一样的管理它们<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/GetStarted#GetEmailintoChandler" target="_top">使用说明</a></li>
<li>回复和转发</li>
<li>在独立窗口中编辑信息</li>
</ul>
<p><b>待支持特性</b>
<ul>
<li>下载带属性信息到Chandle<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>r</li>
<li>下载所有邮件到Chandler<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr></li>
<li>附件</li>
<li>同步IMAP属性和已读/未读状<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>态</li>
<li>同步Chandler IMAP资料夹（尤其是草稿箱和<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>已发件箱）</li>
<li>聊天线程</li>
<li>富文本编辑邮件</li>
<li>根据信息过滤规则自动分类</li>
<li>垃圾邮件检测</li>
<li>拼写检查</li>
</ul>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="DoesChandlerneedChandler"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler的运行依赖于C<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>handler Hub/服务器吗？(反之亦然)<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> </h5>
<p>不<br />您可以将Chandler Desktop<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>作为独立的应用程序，将Chan<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>dler Server作为独立的Web应<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>用程序和服务器。<br />Chandler Desktop可以在任<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>何网络共享服务器上发布和订阅日<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>程表。<br />同样的，Chandler Server也可以从多种日程表<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>软件或任何feed阅读器上发布<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>和订阅日程表。<br />参见 <a href="#QWhatapplicationscanIuse" target="_top">我能使用哪些应用程序来发布数据<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>给Chandler Hub</a> 获得更多细节。<br />但是，要获得完整的Chandl<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>er协作体验，您应当配合使用C<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>handler Desktop和Chan<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>dler Hub/Server。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QCanIaccessmydatathroug"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="CanIaccessmydatathroug"></a><b>问 </b> 我能通过网络或PDA来访问我的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>数据吗？</h5>
<p>您可以通过Hub网络应用程序来<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>访问任何您发布到Chandle<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>r Hub的数据。但是Chandl<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>er并不完整支持桌面用户通过网<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>络上的Chandler Hub来访问他们的数据。举个例<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>子，Chandler Desktop和C<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>handler Hub并不自动同步订阅内容。您<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>必须单独定于到相关分类里去。<br />Chandler不支持直接同步<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>到移动设备。不过，您可以通过C<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>hanlder Hub订阅Chandler分类<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>到<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/GetStarted#SyncwithAppleiCal,GoogleCal" target="_top">Apple iCal和Google Calendar</a>，然后使用<a href="http://www.apple.com/macosx/features/isync/" target="_top">iSync</a>或<a href="http://www.google.com/mobile/index.html" target="_top">Google Mobile</a>从移动设备访问您的数据。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QAreDesktopandServerrelea"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="AreDesktopandServerrelea"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler Desktop和Cha<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ndler Server两个版本同步吗？</h5>
<p>不， Chandler Server比Chandler<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> Desktop晚生产，并且它们具有不同<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的版本周期。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Ifoundaproblemwiththe"></a><b>问 </b> 我怎么才能报告我发现的软件问题<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>？</h5>
<p>我们<b>非常</b>感谢您来报告Bug。请访问我们<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/ReportABug">报告Bug</a>页面获得详细的操作说明。<br />
<hr />
<h3><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="ChandlerDesktop"></a>Chandler Desktop</h3>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhataretheminimumrecomm"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Whataretheminimumrecomm"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler运行的最小/建<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>议配置要求是什么？</h5>
<p>关于最小配置，我们粗略估计的配<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>置是2003年的中等消费水平。<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>
<ul>
<li>Windows和Linux：P<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>entium(R) 4, ~2 GHz, 512 RAM</li>
<li>Mac：G4, ~1GHz, 512 RAM</li>
</ul>
<p>至于建议配置，那当然越快越好了<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。<img align="bottom" alt="smile" border="0" height="38" name="graphics1" src="http://chandlerproject.org/pub/TWiki/SmiliesPlugin/smile.gif" width="75" /><br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatplatformsdoesChandler"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WhatplatformsdoesChandler"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler支持哪些操作系<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>统平台？</h5>
<p>Chandler可以运行在Ma<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>c OS X、 Windows和Linux（目<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>前只支持到Ubuntu 6.06 LTS (aka Dapper)）。Chandl<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>er也可以运行在其他变种平台上<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，但是可能需要一些额为的构建工<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>作。<br />参见 <a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Developers/ChandlerDesktopSource">ChandlerDesktop<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Source</a>获取关于目前支持的操作系统平台<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的更多信息，同时也会看到相应的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>下载链接。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhereistheChandlerdatab"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WhereistheChandlerdatab"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler数据库存储在我<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的系统的什么地方</h5>
<p>我们称这个位置为资料目录。关于<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>如何找到它以及如何显式指定一个<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>新资料目录的说明在<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/ProfileDirectory">ProfileDirector<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>y</a>。<br /><a href="http://chandlerproject.org/getstarted" target="_top">这里</a>有关于如何备份数据、在不同机器<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>间移动数据或准备升级的说明。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QIwouldliketouseChandle"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="IwouldliketouseChandle"></a><b>Q</b> 我能用不同的语言使用Chand<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ler吗？</h5>
<p>目前，Chandler只有英文<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>版的。不过，如果您是个开发人员<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>并且愿意下载和安装实验性的翻译<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>包，我们能提供另外的四个：<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/LocalizationProject">法语、芬兰语、德语和瑞典语</a>。<br />如果您有兴趣贡献新翻译，欢迎联<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>系我们（最好是能订阅我们的<a href="http://www.osafoundation.org/mailing_lists.htm" target="_top">chandler-dev邮件列<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>表</a>）。考虑到正如事实上的到目前的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>0.7最终版所示，用户接口变化<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>迅速，因此这在某种程度上看这是<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>个有功无赏的工作……<br />如果你们对国际化方面的编程感兴<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>趣，OSAF开发团队有一套针对<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>此目的的独特工具（<a href="http://pyicu.osafoundation.org/" target="_top">PyICU</a>、<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/ChandlerInternationalizationPrototype">EggTranslation</a>）可以用在任何Python应用<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>程序里。更多这方面的工作可以在<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/InternationalizationProject">国际化页面</a>找到。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QHowdoIgetmytasksandca"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="HowdoIgetmytasksandca"></a><b>问 </b> 我如何才能将我已有的任务和时刻<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>表（来自Outlook、Pal<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>m、Apple iCal、Google等）导入<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>到Chandler里？</h5>
<ul>
<li>参见 <a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/GetStarted#ImportTasksandCalendars" target="_top">导入任务和日程表</a>。</li>
<li>参见 <a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/GetStarted#SubscribetoICAL%28Google,.Mac%29" target="_top">订阅到ICAL Calendars</a>。</li>
</ul>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QHowdoIupgradeDatami"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="HowdoIupgradeDatami"></a><b>问 </b> 我该如何升级（数据迁移指令）</h5>
<p>现在的Chandler Desktop应<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>该能自动完成了。如果您有问题，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/GetStarted#MoveyourDatatoUpgrade" target="_top">移动您的数据以便升级</a>获得如何手动升级的说明。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="HowdoIkeepChandlerDeskt"></a><b>问 </b> 我如何同步多台电脑里的Chan<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>dler Desktop？</h5>
<p>参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/GetStarted#SyncChandlerDesktopacrossMul" target="_top">同步多台电脑里的Chandle<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>r Desktop</a>。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QCanIsyncChandlerDesktop"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="CanIsyncChandlerDesktop"></a><b>问 </b> 我能通过代理同步Chandle<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>r Desktop吗？</h5>
<p>可以，但您需要显示写上“htt<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>p” -参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/GetStarted#SyncingChandlerDesktopfrombe" target="_top">使用说明</a>和<a href="https://bugzilla.osafoundation.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12243" target="_top">Bug 12243</a>获得更多信息。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatserversservicescanC"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WhatserversservicescanC"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler Desktop能发布给<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>哪些服务？</h5>
<ul>
<li>Chandler Desktop可以发布<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>数据给Chandler Hub、Chandler Server、CalDAV和W<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ebDAV服务器。</li>
<li>参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/ChandlerInterop">Chandler Interop</a>获取更多信息。</li>
</ul>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatserversservicescanC1"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WhatserversservicescanC1"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler Desktop能订阅那<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>些服务？</h5>
<ul>
<li>Chandler Desktop能订阅C<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>handler Hub、Chandler Server、ICAL Calendars（例如：Go<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ogle Calendar、Apple .Mac）、CalDAV和We<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>bDAV服务。</li>
<li>参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/GetStarted#SubscribetoICAL%28Google,.Mac%29" target="_top">订阅ICAL Calendars</a>获得使用说明。</li>
<li>参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/ChandlerInterop">Chandler Interop</a>获取更多信息。</li>
</ul>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatdoesthaticonmean"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Whatdoesthaticonmean"></a><b>问 </b> 那个图标是什么意思？</h5>
<p>想知道图标的意思吗？看看这个<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/DashboardIcons" target="_top">图标术语</a>。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Whatisthedifferencebetwe"></a><b>问 </b> 移除和删除的区别是什么？</h5>
<p>自从项目（便签和事件）可以出现<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>在多个分类里，我们就需要区分从<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>一个特定的分类里<b>移除</b>一个项目和从所有分类里彻底<b>删除</b>这个项目（这会将它放到回收站里<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>）。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Whatareallthecommandsfo"></a><b>问 </b> 快捷Box都有哪些命令可用？</h5>
<p>参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/GetStarted#CreateNewItemsandSearchwith" target="_top">初级教程</a>。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QHowdoIchangethedatetim"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="HowdoIchangethedatetim"></a><b>问 </b> 我如何改变日期/时间格式，如何<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>设置星期的第一天</h5>
<p>参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/GetStarted#ChangeDate/TimeFormatsandWee" target="_top">初级教程</a>。<br />
<h3><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="ChandlerHub"></a>Chandler Hub</h3>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatdotheTermsofService"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WhatdotheTermsofService"></a><b>问 </b> 服务条款和隐私策略是什么？</h5>
<p>Chandler Hub的最终<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/tos" target="_top">服务条款</a>和<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/privacy" target="_top">隐私策略</a>已经确定。所有条款完全面向用户<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>保护政策，我们承诺给您完整的私<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>有化所有权。我们的指导原则来源<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>于我们的基金会<a href="http://www.kapor.com/" target="_top">Mitch Kapor</a>，他是<a href="http://www.eff.org/" target="_top">Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF)</a>的创办者之一。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QImhavingproblemssigning"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Imhavingproblemssigning"></a><b>问</b> 我如何上报我的问题，或者激活我<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的帐号</h5>
<p>最常见的问题是您的“激活邮件”<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>在传输过程中丢失或者被过滤到您<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的垃圾邮件箱里。了如果您有任何<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>问题，请联系<a href="mailto:hub-admin@osafoundation.YOU-MUST-REMOVE-THIS-BEFORE-SENDING.org">hub-admin@osafo<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>undation.org</a>，我们会着手解决任何您遇到的问<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>题，另外请您保持尝试！<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatinformationdoyouneed"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Whatinformationdoyouneed"></a><b>问 </b> 你们需要哪些信息来开放一个Ch<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>andler Hub账户？</h5>
<p>我们仅仅只需要姓名、用户名、密<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>码、邮件地址。邮件地址不会被出<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>售或做其他不正当的用途，唯一的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>用处是验证是否存在用户请求，另<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>外我们也可以通过它来联系您以便<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>告知一些关键信息如服务中断或改<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>变等。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatsortofuptimeandavai"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Whatsortofuptimeandavai"></a><b>问 </b> 我应该预计多长的有效时间和多大<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的有效性</h5>
<p>Chandler Hub并没有一个强大的有着充足<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>资源的后台组织以提供过剩的备份<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>服务器，也不会一刻不停的监视和<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>修复这些服务器在运行中可能发生<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的意外。到目前位置，我们预计每<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>年大概会有最多一天的停工时间，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>每天能做两次备份，不过如果发生<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>了严重的系统崩溃事件，一部分备<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>份数据仍然有可能会因此而丢失。<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><br />我们也在成长，我们承诺将会呈现<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>给您更多的服务器空间、更好的备<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>份、更可靠的运行保险。我们希望<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>不会让您过分担心，也请您在急需<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>访问您的数据但是却无法如愿时能<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>够接受我们预先对您的歉意。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QHowsecureismyinformation"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Howsecureismyinformation"></a><b>问 </b> 我在Chandler Hub上的信息有多安全？</h5>
<p>您信息的安全性同时涉及到您和我<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>们两方面的多种因素。我们提供S<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>SL网络访问方式使得您的信息在<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>传输过程中很难被读取，当信息上<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>传到我们的服务器时，只有极少部<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>分受信任的职员才会去访问那些服<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>务器，因为我们需要备份数据或者<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>通过一段安全网络将数据从一台机<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>器传到另一台备份机器上去。我们<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>小心翼翼的确保您的数据在我们这<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>边尽可能的安全，就像我们提供给<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>您工具在您那边也能尽可能的保证<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>您的数据安全一样。<br />Chandler项目的一件很伟<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>大的事就是您可以通过生成只读/<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>读写地址的方式很容易的将数据分<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>享给别人，因为这些地址可以很方<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>面的通过即时聊天工具、电子邮件<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>或者网络发送。您可以自主选择谁<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>可以接受那些地址，但是如果您试<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>图保持那些地址的私有化，或者您<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>不打算让一些人访问那些地址，系<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>统将会给他们分配访问许可等级。<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>如果您没有发送地址给任何给定的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>分类，那么仅仅只有您自己，使用<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>用户名和密码才能访问。<br />总之，您的数据非常安全，只要您<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>想如此。如果您想分享项目或分类<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>给别人，那他们可能会比我们网站<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>上的非法入侵者更有可能修改您的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>数据。什么事情都有可能发生，我<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>们很高兴您有考虑数据安全性的意<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>识。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhoownsthedataIputon"></a><b></b></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WhoownsthedataIputon"></a><b>问 </b> 我放到Chandler Hub上的数据还受谁支配？</h5>
<p>我们坚定的遵守这“您的数据永远<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>都只是您自己的数据”的原则。我<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>们没有任何理智的理由来索取您上<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>传的内容，而且，我们认为您应当<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>经常取回您的数据，当它们被提交<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>之后；我们为您提供了多种格式来<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>“备份”数据直到您觉得合适。<br />不过说句老实话，当您拥有了那些<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>数据之后就会出现一些限制，您必<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>须给我们权限以便将它们用在正当<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的途径上，比如提供给您自己，分<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>享给那些您让我们分享的人，备份<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>到数据库以便于不弄丢它们。如果<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>我们的服务器或者数据库经常会崩<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>溃会出错而导致您的数据丢失，您<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>不能因此而想去破坏任何东西（比<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>如别人的数据）。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QImtryingtorunthisonm"></a><b></b></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Imtryingtorunthisonm"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler Hub支持哪些浏览器？我想在移<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>动设备上运行它。</h5>
<p>目前Chandler Hub并没有在任何移动设备上测<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>试国，虽然我们已经被告知Moz<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>illa的<a href="http://www.mozilla.org/projects/minimo/" target="_top">Minimo 2.0</a>支持Ajax。如果您在Wind<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ows Mobile 5.0以上设备上运行Minim<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>o 2.0，切换到桌面视图，您也许<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>可以到处滚动屏幕以输入日程表项<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>目了。<b>请注意这个到目前为止还没有被O<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>SAF测试过。</b><br />如果您有任何关于移动设备上的发<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>现请反馈给<a href="mailto:chandler-user@osafoundation.YOU-MUST-REMOVE-THIS-BEFORE-SENDING.org">单独发给我们</a>或者也可以<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/ReportABug">报告Bug</a>，我们将为您归档并跟踪它们。希<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>望在不久的将来我们会挑选一些可<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>以挑战的移动设备。现在，我们提<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>供一份按优先级排列的候选浏览器<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>清单：
<ol>
<li>Windows Firefox 2.0 &amp; 1.5 </li>
<li>Windows IE7 </li>
<li>Windows IE6 </li>
<li>Apple Firefox 2.0 &amp; 1.5 </li>
<li>Safari 2.0 </li>
<li>Linux Firefox </li>
<li>Windows/Mac Firefox 1.0 </li>
</ol>
<p>目前的目标屏幕尺寸是1024x<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>768像素，当然也能在800x<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>600像素下运行（就是看上去有<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>点扁）。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatapplicationscanIuse"></a><b></b></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WhatapplicationscanIuse"></a><b>问 </b> 我能使用哪些应用程序来发布数据<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>给Chandler Hub？</h5>
<ul>
<li>Chandler桌面版、App<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>le iCal、Lightning、<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Evolution……</li>
<li>参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/UsingOtherAppsWithChandlerHub" target="_top">使用其他应用程序与Chandl<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>er Hub配合</a>获取使用说明。</li>
<li>参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/ChandlerInterop">Chandler Interop</a>获取更多信息。</li>
</ul>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatapplicationscanIuse1"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WhatapplicationscanIuse1"></a><b>问 </b> 我能使用哪些应用程序来订阅Ch<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>anlder Hub？</h5>
<ul>
<li>Chandler桌面版、App<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>le iCal、Lightning、<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Evolution……</li>
<li>参考<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/GetStarted#SyncwithAppleiCal,GoogleCal" target="_top">使用说明</a>。</li>
<li>参考<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/ChandlerInterop">Chandler Interop</a>获取更多信息。</li>
</ul>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QIsSSLsupportedIsSSLre"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="IsSSLsupportedIsSSLre"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler Hub支持SSL吗？SSL必须<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>吗？</h5>
<p>Hub支持SSL访问（SSL将<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>在您的浏览器和服务器之间加密您<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的数据和密码，因此没人能窥探到<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>它）。我们认为您的隐私和安全很<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>重要，因此我们建议您尽可能的使<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>用SSL会话。如果您恰好访问<a href="http://hub.chandlerproject.org/" target="_top">http://hub.chan<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>dlerproject.org<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>/</a>来登录，您应当建立一个SSL会<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>话。查看您的浏览器地址栏上的标<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>准“琐键”图标来确认您的会话是<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>否经过SSL加密。<br />强制要求SSL是会引发一些问题<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的，因此我们也支持不使用SSL<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的访问（就是说仅仅使用普通HT<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>TP而不是HTTPS）。SSL<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>在调试、mashup开发、低电<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>设备和很多其他稀奇古怪的情况下<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>会引发问题。您可以使用非SSL<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>访问，但是为了您的和我们的安全<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，请尽可能的使用SSL访问。<br />
<hr />
<hr />
<h3><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="ChandlerServerQuestions"></a>Chandler Server</h3>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatisChandlerServerCo"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WhatisChandlerServerCo"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler Server(Cosmo)是什<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>么，它与Chandler Hub有什么关系？</h5>
<p>Chandler Server是一个内置有Apa<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>che Tomcat web应用服务器的软件包，任何<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>人来度可以下载或运行这个软件包<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>（然后将他/她自己设为最高管理<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>员）。Chandler Hub是一个由OSAF自己以公<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>众名义部署的Chandler Server实例。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QHowdoIgetChandlerServe"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="HowdoIgetChandlerServe"></a><b>问 </b> 我如何获取Chandler Server(Cosmo)? </h5>
<p>您下载<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/serverdownload" target="_top">OSAF Server包</a>并安装到您的服务器上，如果您有<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>任何使用上的问题请查看<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/ChandlerServerEndUserManual">最终用户文档</a>。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QCanIseehowChandlerServ"></a><b></b></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="CanIseehowChandlerServ"></a><b>问 </b> 我在不下载和安装OSAF服务器<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>包的情况下可以观察Chandl<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>er Server是如何工作的吗？</h5>
<p>可以！只需注册一个<a href="https://hub.chandlerproject.com/" target="_top">Chandler Hub</a>帐号就可以在不下载Chandl<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>er Server包的情况下观察它是<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>如何工作的了。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QHowdoIfindinformationa"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="HowdoIfindinformationa"></a><b>问 </b> 我在下载了Chandler Server之后如何找到相关信<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>息？</h5>
<p><a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/ChandlerServerEndUserManual">ChandlerServerE<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ndUserManual</a> | <a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Developers/ServerBundleAdministrator">ServerBundleAdm<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>inistrator</a> | <a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Developers/ServerBundleInstallation">ServerBundleIns<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>tallation</a><br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QHowsecureismyinformatio"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Howsecureismyinformatio"></a><b>问 </b> 我在Chandler Server(Cosmo)上的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>信息有多安全？</h5>
<p>您选择的技术的安全性往往取决于<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>您希望您的信息有多安全——您可<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>以将它作为一个传统的日程表工具<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>而不是一个协作式日程表工具来用<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。目前的Chandler Server(Cosmo)并不<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>加密日程表数据，请参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/ChandlerServerEndUserManual#Tickets">许可证</a>获取Chandler Server(Cosmo)如何<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>用于小组协作的完整解释。<br />Chandler Hub被配置为允许任何有许可证<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的人查看和编辑共享分类。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WillChandlerServerrunon"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler Server会支持Window<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>s Vista和Mac OS X Leopard吗？</h5>
<p>我们还未在Vista和Leop<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ard上测试过Chandler<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> Server，不过只要是能运行<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Java和所用数据库（Apac<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>he Derby或MySQL<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/bin/edit/Projects/MySQL?topicparent=Projects.FAQ"><sup>？</sup></a>） 的系统，应该没有问题的。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatisthedefaultpasswor"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Whatisthedefaultpasswor"></a><b>问 </b> root帐号的默认密码是什么？<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr></h5>
<p>root账户的默认密码是“co<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>smo”。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QHowdoIbrowsemyHomedir"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="HowdoIbrowsemyHomedir"></a><b>问 </b> 我如何浏览我在服务器上的hom<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>e目录？</h5>
<p>您可以通过单击右上角的‘Set<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ting’链接来打开访问Hom<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>e目录的功能，在对话框的‘Ad<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>vance’选项卡里选中‘Sh<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ow Account Browser link’复选框。当您‘Sav<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>e’了‘Settings’对话<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>框之后您将发现‘Account<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> Browse’链接出现在‘Se<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>tting’链接的后面。请注意<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>：项目或分类从账户浏览器里删掉<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>后是<b>无法恢复的</b>。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QHowdoIuseainsertDBv"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="HowdoIuseainsertDBv"></a><b>问 </b> 我如何使用其他数据库提供商的产<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>品而不是默认的嵌入式Derby<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>数据库？</h5>
<p>参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Documentation/ServerBundleStartupConfiguration">ServerBundleSta<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>rtupConfigurati<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>on</a><br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QCanIupgradefromprevious"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="CanIupgradefromprevious"></a><b>问 </b> 我能在保留原有数据的情况下升级<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>旧版Chandler Server吗？</h5>
<p>对于Cosmo 0.6.1版本是可以的。服务包<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>里包含有数据迁移组件，这个组件<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>将会在保留数据的情况下讲旧方案<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>升级为最新版本。<br />参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Developers/ServerBundleInstallation">ServerBundleIns<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>tallation</a>。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QCanImigratefromDerbyto"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="CanImigratefromDerbyto"></a><b>问 </b> 我能将数据从Derby数据库迁<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>移到MySQL数据库<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/bin/edit/Projects/MySQL?topicparent=Projects.FAQ"><sup>？</sup></a>吗？</h5>
<p>可以是可以，不过服务包里并没有<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>包含任何工具来帮您达到目的。<br />参<wbr></wbr>见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Documentation/CosmoDatabaseConversion">CosmoDatabaseCo<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>nversion</a>。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QHowdoIbackupacosmoser"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="HowdoIbackupacosmoser"></a><b>问 </b> 我如何备份Chandler Server？</h5>
<p>备份服务器上的数据其实就是备份<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>数据库，这很大程度上依赖于所使<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>用的数据库。对于默认安装的De<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>rby数据库，只需要备份服务包<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>目录里的<b>db</b>目录就行了；对于MySQL，数<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>据需要使用mysqldump工<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>具来转存。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QDoescosmorunonjava16"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Doescosmorunonjava16"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler Server是运行在java 1.6版本上的吗？</h5>
<p>应该可以，尽管到目前为止还没有<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>做过过多的测试。如果您遇到问题<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>请将Bug提交给我们。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QCanIruncosmoonadiffer"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="CanIruncosmoonadiffer"></a><b>问 </b> 我能将Chandler Server部署到不同的应用服<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>务器上去吗？</h5>
<p>可以是可以，不过不同的Web应<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>用服务器可能具有不同的配置问题<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。<br />参考<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Developers/ServerBundleInstallation">ServerBundleIns<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>tallation</a>。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QUsingthewebuiisgreatb"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Usingthewebuiisgreatb"></a><b>问 </b> 我如何使用其他应用程序来查看/<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>更新我的数据？虽然Web用户接<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>口也很出色。</h5>
<p>服务器支持多样化的基于HTTP<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的协议来查询/更新您的数据，如<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>比执行用户管理。<br />参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Developers/WebHome">开发者</a>的《客户端访问Chandler<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> Server数据》获取更多信息<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QIscosmohorizontallyscala"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Iscosmohorizontallyscala"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler Server可以水平扩展吗？</h5>
<p>应该可以。有人提出，二级缓存应<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>当要么关闭要么配置成可集群缓存<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。而且，由于Web用户接口使用<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>会话来认证，应用服务器需要被配<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>置为复制会话，或者还需要一个粘<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>帖会话<wbr></wbr>的加载均衡器。注<wbr></wbr>意这个真的还没有测试过。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QCanIuseLDAPorinserto"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="CanIuseLDAPorinserto"></a><b>问 </b> 我可以不在Chandler Server上创建账户而使用L<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>DAP或其他认证方法吗？</h5>
<p>很不幸现在还不能。不过我们很乐<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>意加上这个特性，当然您愿意贡献<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>补丁是最好了！<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QDoescosmosupportgroupsa"></a></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Doescosmosupportgroupsa"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler Server支持群组和/或访问<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>控制列表吗？</h5>
<p>很不幸现在还不能。不过我们很乐<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>意加上这个特性，当然您愿意贡献<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>补丁是最好了！<br />
<hr />
<hr />
<h3><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="ChandlerDesktopDeveloperQuest"></a>Chandler Desktop开发者</h3>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Whatistheprogrammingenv"></a><b>问 </b> Chandler的编程环境是什<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>么？</h5>
<p>编写Chandler使用了流行<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的快速开发语言<a href="http://www.python.org/" target="_top">python</a>和<a href="http://www.wxpython.org/" target="_top">wxPython</a>图形工具包。附加功能（称作<i>parcels</i>或<i>plugins</i>）可以很容易的扩展到Chand<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ler库中去。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhydidyouchoosePythoni"></a></h5>
<ol></ol>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WhydidyouchoosePythoni"></a><b>问 </b> 你们为什么选择Python而不<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>是Java？</h5>
<p>没有一个理由能支持这个决定，但<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>是这里列出了一些看起来可行的理<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>由：
<ol>
<li>Python是完全开源的</li>
<li>Python数据类型能够更自然<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的映射到Chandler的类结<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>构化性质的数据类型</li>
<li>当初决定语言的时候，Java客<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>户端的用户体验看上去就像一堵冷<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>冰冰的墙（当然Eclipse是<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>个比较现代的反例）</li>
<li>Python程序简洁易读，因而<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>也更适合分散式团队的快速开发</li>
<li>在Python来集成非Pyth<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>on代码要比在Java里集成非<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Java代码来的更容易。例如，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>我们的图形用户接口代码就使用的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>是基于C++的wxWidget<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>s库，我们使用的全文检索系统（<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Lucene）则是用Java写<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的。</li>
<li>一些基于Python的测试程序<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>相对比较完善（图形用户接口扩展<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>由Andy H.测试过），也许正是这些测试<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>体验决定了我们的选择。</li>
</ol>
<p><a href="http://www.python.org/" target="_top"><img align="bottom" border="0" height="38" name="graphics2" src="http://www.python.org/pics/PythonPoweredSmall.gif" width="75" /></a><br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhydidntyouusezodb"></a><b></b></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Whydidntyouusezodb"></a><b>问 </b> 你们为什么不使用zodb？</h5>
<p>我们在<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Projects/WhyNotZodb">为什么不用zodb</a>解答了这个问题。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWhatmodificationsdidyoum"></a><b></b></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Whatmodificationsdidyoum"></a><b>问 </b> 你们对Python做了哪些修改<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>？</h5>
<p>我们做了两类修改：
<ol>
<li>关于决定如何构建的修改：
<ul>
<li>对于OS X 我们修改了“configure<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>”以特别指定我们在生成的Mak<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>efile中使用本地的Pyth<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>on库（通过 -framework 参数）。</li>
<li>在构建berkeley数据库扩<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>展时我们改变了setup.py<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>搜索库的方式（它将只搜索我们的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>本地目录）。</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>关于决定如何运行的修改：
<ul>
<li>在Windows平台上我们注释<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>在注册表里搜索已安装扩展的代码<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>（因此我们的Python只会加<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>载我们自己的扩展）</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="WherecanIfinddocumentati"></a><b>问 </b> 我在哪可以找到相关API的文档<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>？</h5>
<p>参见<a href="http://chandlerproject.org/Developers/WebHome" target="_top">开发者Wiki</a>获取所有关于Chandler源<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>码及其API的文档。<br />
<hr />
<h3><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="ChandlerServerDeveloperQuesti"></a>Chandler Server开发者</h3>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWowthebuildseemstobe"></a><b></b></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Wowthebuildseemstobe"></a><b>问 </b> 哇！这个构建版本似乎下载了一堆<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的jar包，这是正常现象吗？</h5>
<p>使得。Cosmo依赖于很多外部<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>包。这些jar包只在您第一次构<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>建时才会下载，此后除非我们更新<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>了依赖关系。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QWheredidallthosedownloa"></a><b></b></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Wheredidallthosedownloa"></a><b>问 </b> 所有下载的jar包都放哪了？</h5>
<p>放在您本地的Maven数据库里<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，位于目录<code>~/.m2/repositor<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>y</code>下。<br />
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QHuhMaven"></a><b></b></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="HuhMaven"></a><b>问 </b> 构建工具是Huh还是Maven<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>？</h5>
<p>目前我们使用Maven 2.0.4+，可以在<a href="http://maven.apache.org/" target="_top">http://maven.ap<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ache.org/</a>下载到。<br />
<h3><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="Troubleshooting"></a>疑难解答</h3>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="QOhnoChandlerhangsduri"></a><b></b></h5>
<h5><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=5168273556261408722" name="OhnoChandlerhangsduri"></a><b>问 </b> 噢，不！Chandler启动时<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>挂起了，我该怎么办？</h5>
<p>这个问题非常罕见，不过如果您真<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的遇到了，在Chandler启<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>动时按住Control键，您将<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>看到一个带恢复选项的对话框。首<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>先选择“save a snapshot of your data to a file”创建数据快照到文件，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>然后在下一次启动时，选择“Do<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> internal cleanup, but keep my data and settings”的选项使Ch<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>andler自我清理但保留数据<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>和配置。别忘了上报Bug，并将<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>生成的快照文件发给我们。
<div class="blogger-post-footer">
<hr/>
<a href="http://www.wargrey.net">Thinking as Children</a><br/><br />
<a href="http://translation.wargrey.net">Chinese Translation</a><br/></div>
]]></content>
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[One-week holiday on my own]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/11/30/one-week-holiday-on-my-own/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=23</id>
		<updated>2009-11-30T16:03:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-11-30T16:03:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="Thinking" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[The week before last is my own holiday. It sounds a little strange because I took this holiday in my school instead of some where else, and I have graduated several months ago. In some ways, it is the appointment between my laboratory mates and me, but it seems that I didn&#8217;t choose a right [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/11/30/one-week-holiday-on-my-own/"><![CDATA[<p>The week before last is my own holiday. It sounds a little strange because I took this holiday in my school instead of some where else, and I have graduated several months ago. In some ways, it is the appointment between my laboratory mates and me, but it seems that I didn&#8217;t choose a right day.<br /><a name='more'></a><br />The climate is worse and worse. For this year, it suddenly turns summer into winter. If I were a university student, I should have brought a lot of baggages such as books and clothes each time I go to school or back home. It&#8217;s always boring and I only like equipping elaborately. So I did not wear warmly. Of course I had no enough quilt which saved by the laboratory mates because they need more too. I should not have taken care about this, I always known as can stand the cold weather and even so I did in the last whole winter. But this time&#8230; perhaps there is something wrong with my brain, and I was a little scared. Someone says &#8220;Whatever you feared and it&#8217;s just around you&#8221;. In order to avoid the cold I didn&#8217;t take the clothes off when I fell asleep, I got the cold, or maybe even worse, I fevered and kept coughing and my skin kept burning. Haw-haw, I think it is a good chance to practise my immune system. Sometimes getting weak is happiness. Er&#8230; I mean if the weakness will not cause my death. BTW, It is a bad practice to fall asleep without taking the clothes off in the cold weather. It is more easy to get rather than avoiding the cold.</p>
<p>Even though I got weak, I still did as my plan. The main purpose I back to school was doing some reading. I have to say, there are too many questions about the unknown world I want to know. For example, &#8220;Why music can enjoy us&#8221;. Of cause I am not the artist, reading seems much quicker to seek the keys. These time I didn&#8217;t care about the concrete targets. So I walked around from one reading room to another. The first one is 《音乐美学新论》, but it seemed that it&#8217;s not my desire. The second one is 《美学语言学：语言美和言语美》<wbr></wbr>. Luckily, I&#8217;ve been answered several more questions unintentionally<wbr></wbr>. The third one is <i>A reductionist Approach To Translatology</i>. I am new to tanslation, but it&#8217;s a little out of thinking that the Translation is an ology. Haw-haw this is understandable because the knowledge and its categorizing are always strange and complexity. According to the plan, I should had read at least one more book. But the time was not enough at all. Furthermore, it only took one day to finish each one of the there above. It seemed a little waste for the next one <i>Linguistic Semiology</i> since I recognized that Semiology is a good knowledge to connect all the fields I interested in, so it should be learned seriously, though the book only regards the semiology as the base of the social science.</p>
<p>Before I went to school, I had joined an informal translation project. The problem was I couldn&#8217;t get online in the daytime. That was my first time to cooperate with other net friends. The cooperation was not very pleasure, but I cannot tell the reason clearly maybe because of the weak ending. Hmm, cooperation is an important soft-skill but hard to learn well.</p>
<p>The last thing was the laboratory I had worked in. Usually, a member will be forgotten soon if he leaves the term. Maybe we never be a term but just a group. This isn&#8217;t very important. From first to last, I was a special member ( This is another long tale ), and it seemed that my influence is still effective. But I have to say, my thinking is eventually different from them. In fact we cannot understand each other. Maybe they think that they should open their mind but lack of action. In my opinion, I won&#8217;t tell them what to do and what not to do just like I ever did because I recognized our limits. I have no enough experience to be a good guide. Of course even I have I also won&#8217;t really be. So much for this topic since it cannot be told within a few words.</p>
<p>Finally, the bad climate gave me an important experience: A house with enough equipments is a must. I thought maybe I will not need to find a place to stay and housing in the next year I leave home for my life because I thought maybe I can live in public environment such as library, 24-hour self-study room. Haw-haw that&#8217;s quite stupid.
<div class="blogger-post-footer">
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<a href="http://www.wargrey.net">Thinking Like Children, Fighting As A Martial Artist</a><br/><br />
<br/></div>
]]></content>
		<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/11/30/one-week-holiday-on-my-own/#comments" thr:count="135"/>
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Self-teaching is a long way]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/11/08/self-teaching-is-a-long-way/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=22</id>
		<updated>2009-11-09T03:22:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-11-09T03:22:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="Thinking" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[Self-teaching is a longer way than I ever thought, and the character is also an important factor that always be neglected on this journey.
I major in Computer Science, but it&#8217;s not the reason to prevent me from learning nature languages. Actually, even the computer science is my interest more than livelihood. So besides English I [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/11/08/self-teaching-is-a-long-way/"><![CDATA[<p>Self-teaching is a longer way than I ever thought, and the character is also an important factor that always be neglected on this journey.</p>
<p>I major in Computer Science, but it&#8217;s not the reason to prevent me from learning nature languages. Actually, even the computer science is my interest more than livelihood. So besides English I have been learning Japanese and Elvish either.<br /><a name='more'></a></p>
<p>In my country English is not the official language, but it is the required course. I think you can understand why I use the words &#8220;required course&#8221;. Right, the education goes the wrong way and it is not enough to attract students. But there is also a good news for at least university students. With the development and popularization of the internet, we could watch the original foreign movies easily. No doubt this is a good way to study foreign languages.&nbsp; But it is a pity to say I awakened too late in learning English because it is this year I became interested in the culture of the west. Luckily, it is not too late to make up my lost.</p>
<p>Four years ago,&nbsp; In order to play the RPG 空の軌跡 whose Chinese translation is so damn I planned to learn Japanese, but I am a loser. I still could not use Japanese any more until the game had completed. Of course there was another import reason. I like computer science too much to learn any other things seriously. I think the underlying reason is: Interest is a good driving force in most of the conditions. But if the force is too strong, and the man is not aware of keeping balance, things will goes worse and worse. Our minds will grow up by reflecting like this.</p>
<p>Elvish is a real nature language, but it is not enough for everyday usage because of the lack of vocabulary. However, it does complete in Linguistics, maybe it is a good choice to understand how dose the nature language work.&nbsp; Okay, I recognize that I cannot tell the reason clearly. Perhaps the only reason is just the interest. Then in order to interpret the action I found that reason. Luck that it is not a bad reason. But it does give me a by-effect that I have a chance to explore the knowledge of Linguistics and its around which would be a meta-knowledge for me.</p>
<p>Yes, you may generalize that all I do is just due to my character. My character always plays an important role in my decision making even instead of the rational thinking.&nbsp; Sometimes we need this spirit, following the interests unconditionally<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>; sometimes this spirit will drive us far away from our main direction. Balancing is always one of the most complex problems. Aha, that is troublesome, and if there is no better solution, just follow what I have been doing.</p>
<p>BTW: Knowledge is categorized by human-beings themselves. The fact is that all the knowledge has more or less an underlying relationship in some abstract levels.
<div class="blogger-post-footer">
<hr/>
<a href="http://www.wargrey.net">Thinking Like Children, Fighting As A Martial Artist</a><br/><br />
<br/></div>
]]></content>
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Elvish Pronunciation Guide →《精灵语发音指南》]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/11/06/elvish-pronunciation-guide-%e2%86%92%e3%80%8a%e7%b2%be%e7%81%b5%e8%af%ad%e5%8f%91%e9%9f%b3%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%e3%80%8b/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=30</id>
		<updated>2009-11-06T15:29:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-11-06T15:29:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="Linguistics" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[[原文地址]
本页面旨在为那些不是很有信心能够理解Tolkin本人的发音指南的新人提供一份精灵语发音指南。我使用了一些语音学的专有术语(technical terms)，但是它们通常（我希望如此）在一定的上下文里被引出以使得能够大概的表明它们的意思。文中的超链接指向我发音的声音文件，我不断言我的演示就是完美的(对有些特殊的发音我有心理障碍)，但是它们应该还是相当准确的。这些声音文件都是wav格式的，当然虽然这并不是最大压缩率的(most compact)也不是最好的声音格式，但是由于伟大的撒旦(Great Satan)的影响力，它可能是最普及的。
目前这里只有Quenya的指南，如果我有时间我会跟进其他精灵语的。

Quenya
Quenya发音上基本没什么问题，对于英语母语的人来说，主要是要注意一下元音字母。
元音字母
Quenya的元音字母的发音或多或少符合几乎任意一种欧洲本土语言(当然，不包括丹麦语!)。对于英国人和美国人，一个小细节还是必要的：元音的发音就像你说西班牙语，都是纯音的，而不是英语中常见的双元音。Quenya (和其他精灵语)区分短元音和长元音(惯例上用尖尖的重音符号标记)。不像英语，那些所谓的短元音和长元音具有不同的发音长度，Quenya元音的发音长度仅在i和í、a和á、u和ú之间有区分(e和o则确实有点音色上的不同)。短元音读起来是这样的：

 a在大多数人读来就像西班牙语或法语，尽管我们都知道它可以被视为荷兰语或英语。所以读起来就像是法语的patte，或者德语的man[译者注：这里汉语表达不太准确，意思是a的发音跟德语man中的a一样，下同] (这个发音在标准英语中其实是不存在的，但是大致来说像是英国北方方言里的bath)。 
 e读起来像英语的pet；法语的fait；德语的denn。 
 i读起来跟英语peat的发音一样，但是更短；法语的lit；德语的vital。 
 o读起来大概像英语(但不是美式英语)的pot；法语的comme；德语的Topf。 
 u是英语boot的音，但是更短；法语ou；德语Uran。 

举例：a, e, i, o, u。 alta, elen, Isil, osto, undu。长元音读起来是这样的：

á, í, ú：读起来就像短元音，但是更长！  (大约两倍长，如果你想要个指导性描述(figure)，其实只需按你自己的母语所做的那样来就行了。) 
é读起来有点“接近”e，英语may中双元音的第一个字母；法语é的加长版；或德语的Tee。 
ó读起来似有接近o。英语的paw(但只是更接近而已)；法语的hôte；德语的Sohn。 

举例：á, é, í, ó, ú。 fána, nése, hísie, onóne, untúpa。Quenya也有六个双元音(注意并不是所有其他的元音对都应该分开发音的)，它们是ai, oi, ui, au, eu, iu。在每一组里，第一个元音发音强烈，然后滑到第二个音(除了iu，它也可以从弱i滑向强u —— 那是第三代发音)。举例：ai, oi, ui, au, eu, iu (old), iu [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/11/06/elvish-pronunciation-guide-%e2%86%92%e3%80%8a%e7%b2%be%e7%81%b5%e8%af%ad%e5%8f%91%e9%9f%b3%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%e3%80%8b/"><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronlo/pronguide.html" target="_blank">[原文地址]</a></p>
<p>本页面旨在为那些不是很有信心能<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>够理解Tolkin本人的发音指<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>南的新人提供一份精灵语发音指南<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。我使用了一些语音学的专有术语<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>(technical terms)，但是它们通常（我<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>希望如此）在一定的上下文里被引<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>出以使得能够大概的表明它们的意<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>思。<br />文中的超链接指向我发音的声音文<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>件，我不断言我的演示就是完美的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>(对有些特殊的发音我有心理障碍<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>)，但是它们应该还是相当准确的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。这些声音文件都是wav格式的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，当然虽然这并不是最大压缩率的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>(most compact)也不是最好的声<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>音格式，但是由于伟大的撒旦(G<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>reat Satan)的影响力，它可能是<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>最普及的。<br /><a name='more'></a><br />
<hr /><i>目前这里只有Quenya的指南<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，如果我有时间我会跟进其他精灵<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>语的。</i><br />
<hr />
<h2>Quenya</h2>
<p>Quenya发音上基本没什么问<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>题，对于英语母语的人来说，主要<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>是要注意一下元音字母。<br />
<h3>元音字母<br /></h3>
<p>Quenya的元音字母的发音或<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>多或少符合几乎任意一种欧洲本土<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>语言(当然，不包括丹麦语!)。<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>对于英国人和美国人，一个小细节<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>还是必要的：元音的发音就像你说<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>西班牙语，都是纯音的，而不是英<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>语中常见的双元音。Quenya<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> (和其他精灵语)区分<i>短元音</i>和<i>长元音</i>(惯例上用尖尖的重音符号标记)<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。不像英语，那些所谓的短元音和<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>长元音具有不同的发音长度，Qu<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>enya元音的发音长度仅在<b>i</b>和<b>í</b>、<b>a</b>和<b>á</b>、<b>u</b>和<b>ú</b>之间有区分(<b>e</b>和<b>o</b>则确实有点音色上的不同)。短元<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>音读起来是这样的：
<ul>
<li> <b>a</b>在大多数人读来就像西班牙语或法<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>语，尽管我们都知道它可以被视为<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>荷兰语或英语。所以读起来就像是<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>法语的p<i>a</i>tte，或者德语的m<i>a</i>n<span style="color: #999999;">[译者注：这里汉语表达不太准确<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，意思是a的发音跟德语man中<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的a一样，下同]</span> (这个发音在标准英语中其实是不<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>存在的，但是大致来说像是英国北<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>方方言里的b<i>a</i>th)。 </li>
<li> <b>e</b>读起来像英语的p<i>e</i>t；法语的f<i>ai</i>t；德语的d<i>e</i>nn。 </li>
<li> <b>i</b>读起来跟英语p<i>ea</i>t的发音一样，但是更短；法语的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>l<i>i</i>t；德语的v<i>i</i>tal。 </li>
<li> <b>o</b>读起来大概像英语(但不是美式英<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>语)的p<i>o</i>t；法语的c<i>o</i>mme；德语的T<i>o</i>pf。 </li>
<li> <b>u</b>是英语b<i>oo</i>t的音，但是更短；法语<i>ou</i>；德语<i>U</i>ran。 </li>
</ul>
<p>举例：<a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-aeiou.wav"><b>a, e, i, o, u</b></a>。 <br /><a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-short-vowels.wav"><b>alta, elen, Isil, osto, undu</b></a>。<br />长元音读起来是这样的：
<ul>
<li><b>á, í, ú</b>：读起来就像短元音，但是更长！<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>  (大约两倍长，如果你想要个指导<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>性描述(figure)，其实只<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>需按你自己的母语所做的那样来就<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>行了。) </li>
<li><b>é</b>读起来有点“接近”<b>e</b>，英语m<i>ay</i>中双元音的第一个字母；法语<i>é</i>的加长版；或德语的T<i>ee</i>。 </li>
<li><b>ó</b>读起来似有接近<b>o</b>。英语的p<i>aw</i>(但只是更接近而已)；法语的h<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><i>ô</i>te；德语的S<i>oh</i>n。 </li>
</ul>
<p>举例：<a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-long-aeiou.wav"><b>á, é, í, ó, ú</b></a>。 <br /><a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-long-vowels.wav"><b>fána, nése, hísie, onóne, untúpa</b></a>。<br />Quenya也有六个双元音(注<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>意并不是所有其他的元音对都应该<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>分开发音的)，它们是<b>ai, oi, ui, au, eu, iu</b>。在每一组里，第一个元音发音强<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>烈，然后滑到第二个音(除了<b>iu</b>，它也可以从弱<b>i</b>滑向强<b>u</b> —— 那是第三代发音)。<br />举例：<a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-diph.wav"><b>ai, oi, ui, au, eu, iu</b> (old), <b>iu</b> (3rd Age)</a> <br /><a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-diphthongs.wav"> <b>Ainu, coimas, cuivie, Laurelin, leuca, miule</b></a><br />最后，注意隔音符。Tolkie<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>n使用这个符号是为了提醒英语母<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>语的人<b>e</b>在词尾发音时，像<b>ea</b>这样的组合是双音节的，并非双元<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>音，例如<a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-di.wav"><b>Aldëa, Atalantë, hísië</b></a>。由于这样是完全没必要的，因此<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>这通常不会出现在Tolkien<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ian语言学的文章里。<br />
<h3>辅音字母</h3>
<p>Quenya的辅音发音基本上也<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>都没什么问题(除非你陷入了一些<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>高级问题中)，只要你像拉丁字母<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>一样的发音。<br />为了描述Quenya的辅音字母<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，我将尽可能接近的遵循Teng<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>war组织。Quenya有五列<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>辅音字母：其中四列tengwa<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>r表(chart)，再加上一带<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>双下划点的第一列。第一列，或者<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>被称作<b>tincotéma</b>，是<i>齿音</i>(或者也许叫<i>齿槽音</i>更好)字母，就像法语的<i>t</i> (或英语的<i>t</i>)<span style="color: #999999;">[译者注：这里不是说发音跟t一<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>样，而是举例说明t是齿音字以方<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>便读者类比，下同]</span>。第一列加上双下划点，也就是<b>tyelpetéma</b>,       变成其对应的tincotéma<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的<i>颚化音</i>。事实上，关于这些齿音的精确性<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>有相当多可争论的空间，但是仅就<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>这篇指南的目的而言，它们就像(<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>英国)英语的<i>t</i>une。第二列<b>parmatéma</b>是<i>唇音</i>，如英语的<i>p</i>at。第三列<b>calmatéma</b>是<i>软颚音</i>，如英语的<i>c</i>at。第四列<b>quessetéma</b>是<b>唇软颚音</b>，如英语的<i>qu</i>ick。<br />不同的tengwar列有不同的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>(理论上的)<i>发音分节方式</i>，例如<i>喉塞音</i>或<i>摩擦音</i>，<i>浊音</i>或<i>清音</i>。然而，Quenya并不严格遵<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>循这些理论，所以我将根据它们的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>发音方式讨论一些比较个人化的(<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>individual)发音，而<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>不是严格依照tengwar的评<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>定(place)来。
<ul>
<li><i>清塞音</i><b>t、ty、p、c/k、qu</b>比较简单。(注意在Quenya<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>里，<b>c</b>和<b>k</b>有时并没有区别，尤其是<b>c</b>通常很难被听出来)我们不知道他<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>们的发音是否像英语那样带点送气<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>音,还是像法语那样没有送气音。<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>一般来说，加个法语的重音符号也<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>许更好&#8230;</p>
<p>举例：<a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-voiceless.wav"><b>tinco, tyelpe, parma, calma, quesse</b></a></p>
</li>
<li>Quenya没有独立的<i>浊塞音</i><b>d、dy、b、g、gw</b>，除非跟在<i>鼻音</i>(和<i>流音</i>，对于<b>d</b>而言)之后。后期的Quenya<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>,<b>ng</b>通常表示<i>后鼻音</i>组合(Tolkien有时会写作<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><b>ñ</b>)加一个<b>g</b>音(通常很难辨别，尤其是在<b>i、e</b>前面)。就像tengwar的第<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>二行：
<p><a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-voiced.wav"><b> ando, indyo, umbar, anga, ungwe</b></a></p>
</li>
<li>相应的<i>清擦音</i>呈现出了一定的复杂性，因为它们<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>改变的相当多。
<ul>
<li> <b>th</b>，像英语的<i>th</i>in，写作tengwa的<b>thúle/súle</b>，在早期的Quenya里就有，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>但那时是<b>s</b>。在我们找得到的Quenya里<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>已经没有了。<b>s</b>也是独立存在的(比如tengw<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>a的<b>silme</b>)。(事实上，这是一段非常复杂<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的故事——参见<i>The Peoples of Middle-earth 12</i>的<i>The Shibboleth of Feanor</i>。) 在所有情况下，<b>s</b>是英语<i>s</i>ee、法语的<i>s</i>i、德语bi<i>s</i>的清音。 </li>
<li> (súle的颚化音版本称为<b>istyar</b>，但是这并不如它将被使用的发音<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>清楚明了——它不应该如此，根据<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>该模式应该被读作<i>sty</i>。) </li>
<li> <b>f</b>是英语的<i>f</i>ee、法语的<i>f</i>ait、德语的<i>v</i>on。 </li>
<li> <b>h</b>有点小问题，因为<i>The Lord of the Rings</i>的附录F有点小小的不一致。我的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>解释是：在后期的Quenya里<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，<b>h</b>在词首时应该被读作英语或德语的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><i>h</i>，在其他位置上则发音像德语的B<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>a<i>ch</i>(紧邻着<b>a、o、u</b>)或I<i>ch</i> (紧邻着<b>e、i</b>)。不过，在元音之间可能可以无<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>害的将其简化到一个单一的<i>h</i>音。 </li>
<li> <b>hy</b>是英语的<i>h</i>uge、德语的I<i>ch</i>。 </li>
<li> <b>hw</b>像苏格兰语的<i>wh</i>ite。 </li>
</ul>
<p>举例：<a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-vless-frics.wav"><b>thúle</b> (archaic), <b>silme, formen, halla, aha,        Mahtan, tehta, hyarmen, hwesta</b></a></p>
</li>
<li>大多数的Quenya<i>浊擦音</i>都以某种方式消失了，只有<b>v</b>留了下来，发音如英语的<i>v</i>oice、法语的<i>v</i>ous和德语的<i>w</i>o。(被废弃的Quenya也有<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><b>z</b>，不过到第三代时已经变成<b>r</b>了。)
<p>举例：<a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-vcd-frics.wav"><b>vala, áze</b> (archaic)</a><br />(由于它们已经消失了，teng<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>war本可以像它们原本在Que<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>nya里那样用来表示鼻音+清塞<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>音的常用组合：<a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-nasvless.wav"><b>anto, intya, ampa, anca, unque</b></a>。)</p>
</li>
<li> 后期Quenya仅仅只有三个鼻<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>音<b>n、ny、m</b>。不过，早些时候也同样有后鼻音<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><b>ñ</b>和<b>ñw</b>的，这在<i>The Peoples of Middle-earth</i>的很多卷里都出现过。令人疑惑不<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>解的是，<b>ng</b>只是偶尔出现——如果你在词首看<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>到<b>ng</b>，可以确定它是在说<b>ñ</b>。而在后期的Quenya里，这<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>些后鼻音变成了<b>n</b>和<b>nw</b>。
<p>举例： <a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-late-nasals.wav"> (late Quenya) <b>númen, nyelle, malta, noldo, nwalme</b></a> <br /><a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-early-nasals.wav"> (early Quenya) <b>númen, nyelle, malta, ñoldo, ñwalme</b></a></p>
</li>
<li> Quenya有一个明确的(fa<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ir)<i> r系音</i>。这个r系音(r-sounds<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>)是另一个疑难问题所在。理所当<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>然会有个颤音<b>r</b>，就像意大利语的<i>r</i>或西班牙语的<i>rr</i>，但在大多数情况下也存在一个“<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>弱(weak)”的<b>r</b>。这就可能是个轻拍(tap)，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>就像西班牙语的<i>r</i>，或者美国西海岸地区方言的la<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><i>t</i>er；也可能是个连续音，就像英<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>国英语的<i>r</i>。无论哪种情况，都无法确定它是<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>否还一直存在在第三代Queny<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>a里——也许你不得不去学习词源<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>学以便辨别出这个<b>r</b>到底是强是弱。所以最简单的解决<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>方案就是假定它一直是“强”的—<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>—或者如果你像我一样对颤音有心<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>理障碍，那就按你所能做的去做！<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>(所以这些例子也不是太好的。)<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><br />此外还有清音<b>hr</b>、颚化音<b>ry</b>、组合<b>rd</b>。
<p>举例：<a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-rhotics.wav"><b>rómen, óre</b> (weak), <b>hríve, arya, arda</b></a></p>
</li>
<li><i>侧音</i>基本不是问题所在。有<b>l</b>(英语母语者应当避免<i>e</i>、<i>i</i> 之后的“模糊(dark)”<i>l</i>——对比<a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-darkl.wav">英语的<i>elder</i>和Quenya的<b>elda</b></a>)，轻音<b>hl</b>，颚化音<b>ly</b>，组合<b>ld</b>。
<p>举例：<a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-laterals.wav"><b>lambe, hlápa, alya, alda</b></a></p>
</li>
<li>最后，还有些<i>半元音</i>，<b>w</b>就像英语的<i>w</i>ill，<b>y</b>就像英语的<i>y</i>es或德语的<i>j</i>a。 <b>w</b>在第三代Quenya里很罕见，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>最初是作为<b>v</b>的(至少，根据<i>The Lord of the Rings</i>是如此)。
<p>举例： <a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-semivowels.wav"><b> wilya</b> (archaic), <b>yanta</b></a>.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>需要注意的是如果辅音双写是要发<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>长音的：<a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-double.wav"><b>atta, ekko, anna, telluma, esse</b></a><br />
<h3>重音</h3>
<p>Quenya的单词具有重音，就<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>像英语和德语(但不像法语)。不<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>过，重音落在哪个音节上是可预测<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的，就像拉丁语一样——判断规则<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>也与拉丁语相同。(我正在可能出<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>现的问题上“溜冰”。) 含长元音或以辅音结尾的音节是<i>长音节</i>，否则是<i>短音节</i>。如果倒数第二个音节是长音节，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>那它就是重音音节，否则倒数第三<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>个音节是重音音节。所以我们有<br /><a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-stress.wav"><b> AlquaLONde, ElENna, ELdamar, HísiLÓme, LótESSe</b></a><br />
<h3>最终&#8230;</h3>
<p>语言的发音还有很多其他方面，例<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>如音调模式。但是我们没有这方面<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的任何信息，所以我们可以安心(<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>safely)的忽略掉。恩，根<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>据英语的音调模式，这里有段稍长<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>点的Quenya：选自<i>Unfinished Tales</i>的Cirion&#8217;s oath to Eorl：<br /><a href="http://tolklang.quettar.org/pronmid/sounds/quenya-text.wav"> Vanda sína termaruva Elenna-nóreo alcar enyalien, ar Elendil Vorondo voronwe. Nai tiruvantes i hárar mahalmassen mi Númen, ar i Eru i or ilye mahalmar ea tenn&#8217;oio. </a><br />
<hr />
<address><a href="mailto:jcb@dcs.ed.ac.uk">Julian Bradfield</a></address>
<p>最后更新: Wed Oct 31 08:55:14 GMT 2001
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<a href="http://www.wargrey.net">Thinking as Children</a><br/><br />
<a href="http://translation.wargrey.net">Chinese Translation</a><br/></div>
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Unreasonable Deleting and Passer-by 1?]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/11/05/unreasonable-deleting-and-passer-by-1/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=21</id>
		<updated>2009-11-05T16:33:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-11-05T16:33:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="By-talk" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[Well, here is the sequence of the events&#8230;
Yesterday night before I went to sleep, I found a thread with title said &#8220;The Statement Of Unsubscribing The Group&#8221; in the douban group call &#8220;Men Of The Buddhism, Be Satisfied All Demands&#8221;. I like communicating on the internet, so I left a message in that thread.But this [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/11/05/unreasonable-deleting-and-passer-by-1/"><![CDATA[<p>Well, here is the sequence of the events&#8230;</p>
<p>Yesterday night before I went to sleep, I found a thread with title said &#8220;The Statement Of Unsubscribing The Group&#8221; in the douban group call &#8220;Men Of The Buddhism, Be Satisfied All Demands&#8221;. I like communicating on the internet, so I left a message in that thread.<br /><a name='more'></a><br />But this morning I got an e-mail which said:Your message has been deleted by the author with the reason is &#8220;It&#8217;s not the time before everything is settled&#8221;. In fact that was my first time to leave message in that group, and the others in that thread seems familiar each other. So I became the passer-by 1 who always mind other&#8217;s business, and I should thank myself for that.</p>
<p>What the hell is the reason? Is there anything wrong with my words? Or dose the man have some strange habit? Even or I did not obey the unspoken-rule? All I said was: The power is the &#8220;Buddhism&#8221;, It seems that lots of young girls like it.</p>
<p>It&#8217;s unreasonable, is it?<br />For respecting the guests, I hardly delete the messages even though be provoked in my own blog. I really cannot stand for the action of deleting my message without any reasonable reasons.</p>
<p>This is not the first time. Why do the Douban groups so rejective for new members?</p>
<p>BTW: Just before I wrote this post, I could not found that thread any more. Is there another explanation? For an instance, the author deletes his thread, and all of us who leave the messages are notified with the same reason the author gives. From this view, the words is reasonable for the thread title. Maybe this is a good imagination.
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[The background, why I move my blog here and there]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/11/02/the-background-why-i-move-my-blog-here-and-there/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=20</id>
		<updated>2009-11-02T15:34:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-11-02T15:34:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="2.0" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[Three days, I finally moved my secondary blog back here. It&#8217;s a long story&#8230;
At the beginning of this year. I launched an English blog here. but unfortunately, it was three articles I could post with enough time, my blog and the entire blogspot.com was GFWed because of the damn things known by all of the [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/11/02/the-background-why-i-move-my-blog-here-and-there/"><![CDATA[<p>Three days, I finally moved my secondary blog back here. It&#8217;s a long story&#8230;</p>
<p>At the beginning of this year. I launched an English blog here. but unfortunately, it was three articles I could post with enough time, my blog and the entire blogspot.com was GFWed because of the damn things known by all of the world. At that time, I&#8217;ve no ideas to get it done. So I stopped writing for several months until the first time I broke through the GFW. I found a comments said &#8220;This blog is good, please post more good articles&#8221; and the comment time was just three days before. This was a good driving force for continue blogging. Thanks the guys&#8230;</p>
<p><a name='more'></a>So, I thought whether to launch a new safer one or just go on to use this one over. In fact, I did not want to concentrate on the GFW all the time because this should not had been my business and it felt unwell with the fucking chains. Life went on, I had met a good girl on the internet, I suggested her to register an E-mail. As you know the E-mail server always has the blog service too. I hoped that she would write blogs either since she always said &#8220;I&#8217;ve no time to do this&#8221;. These words corresponded with her life, and she finally got a MSN account.</p>
<p>You know I am a linuxer, and I does not like Microsoft and its products at all. But this opinion is not a good excuse for her to change e-mail server. From the standpoint of myself, it was a chance to overcome my prejudice. So I moved my blog to MSN Space. But&#8230; The space disappointed me. From the point of view of the professional bloggers like me. MSN space has a death weakness that the readers can comment or leave messages only when the are msn users too. Of course the girl still had not writen articles. Maybe it was time to move my blog some where else.</p>
<p>I mentioned I am a blogger, and you may ask me why not use wordpress as the blog service. Right, I actually use wordpress as my main blog, but I have to say that I am the man who always like trying new systems. In another hand, realizing that the fuck GFW is eviler and eviler. It centainly will be broken through. This is also good for other purpose. So I was back here, now I say &#8220;All the technology problems will never be the real problem&#8221;! </p>
<p>Good luck! Everybody!
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<a href="http://www.wargrey.net">Thinking Like Children, Fighting As A Martial Artist</a><br/><br />
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[The question of keeping diaries]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/10/27/the-question-of-keeping-diaries/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=19</id>
		<updated>2009-10-27T14:08:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-10-27T14:08:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="By-talk" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[About one and a half weeks ago, I joined in a Douban Group named “Forming a habit per month” to make some good habits by keeping a diary every day. No matter whether or not some of the habits did I ever have.There are lots of members keep in doing this (Of course some have [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/10/27/the-question-of-keeping-diaries/"><![CDATA[<p><span id="ctl00_MainContentPlaceholder_ctl01_ctl00_lblEntry">About one and a half weeks ago, I joined in a Douban Group named “Forming a habit per month” to make some good habits by keeping a diary every day. No matter whether or not some of the habits did I ever have.There are lots of members keep in doing this (Of course some have given in).</p>
<p>Just a few days later, I found that I do have the habits. So keeping on going seems to waste of time. In fact, My life is quite the same, and it’s a litter boring to repeat the words every day. But luckily each day I have the different thinking and meet the different knowledge. So I can note my thought instead of noting the day-book.</p>
<p>Maybe even do like this, I will still be boring sooner or later because some web applications else are better for the purpose such as Blog and Twitter. So the best practice is to note in foreigner language.<br /></span>
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Writing With Elvish Fonts →《使用精灵语字体》]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/10/24/writing-with-elvish-fonts-%e2%86%92%e3%80%8a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e7%b2%be%e7%81%b5%e8%af%ad%e5%ad%97%e4%bd%93%e3%80%8b/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=29</id>
		<updated>2009-10-24T14:06:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-10-24T14:06:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="Linguistics" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[［原文地址］
这篇教程介绍了一些在Windows PC上输入Tengwar的字体和工具。
关于本教程本教程将用Daniel Smith的Tengwar字体(和一些与之兼容的字体)来展示在windows系统里如何使用J.R.R. Tolkien的精灵语字母。首先，我们考虑了一些编码和键入Tengwar所存在的问题，当然可以通过一些软件工具的支持来修正。接着，我给出了一些使用工具的例子。
本文主要面向的是只有一点或几乎没有Tengwar使用经验的用户。另一方面，我并不打算去教这个书写系统(writing system)本身是如何工作的，仅仅只是示范如何输入字符。进一步阅读部分推荐了一些Tengwar的学习资源。

事实上不需要了解多少Tengwar也可以使用本文介绍的一些工具，但是你应当知道这些工具的局限性。对于大多数语言，从拉丁字母到Tengwar的自动翻译并不完全正确。特别地，Tolkien用Tengwar输入英语的方法并不容易被软件工具复制，他发明的拼字法是受传统英语的拼写和现行发音的影响，而这两方面并没有直接的联系因而会出问题。虽然本文涉及的精灵语（Elvish Language）都比较简单，但是偶尔的一些词汇拼写使事情变得复杂。
关于TengwarTengwar是Tolkien发明的最卓越的书写系统。 (名称可以被翻译为&#8221;字母&#8221;，这就是为什么我多数情况下都将它用作为复数单词。) 毫无疑问最好的例子就是The Lord of the Rings中的环题词（Ring-inscription），Tengwar还出现在Moria Gate的说明里，此小说的附录E里包含有对此系统的更详细的描述，然而Balin坟的角字母(angular letters)都是神秘记号，不会在这里讨论。
在他们虚构的背景里，Tengwar被广大地区所熟知，并且被用来书写多种精灵语和非精灵语。像预期的一样，这些语言的拼字法互相之间都或多或少有些差异，有些差异小的甚至只有几处不同而已。这些拼字法，也就是用字母和符号来表音的不同方法，称为模式(modes)。
用为拉丁字母设计的键盘去书写这些模式是不现实的。这个解决方案被此书写系统相对随意的自然性（free nature）给进一步复杂化了，因为一个字母潜在的表音值（sound value）在不同的模式里是相当不同的，这对字体设计者来说是个问题，而这些字母又将被分配在什么键盘位置（code position）上才能使字体容易使用呢？
在本教程中我们用到的是由Daniel Smith开发的键盘映射，其字母的布置跟他们可能的表音值没有一点联系。例如，为了在Quenya模式下用这些字体输入Elessar，你需要键入`VjR,E6。 作者在他的FAQ里解释了这个方案以及这样设计的理由的更多细节，在这个问题下面 &#8220;为什么Tengwar字母&#8217;B&#8216;不是键盘上的&#8217;B'键&#8221;。
另外一个技术问题是在字母上面或下面被大量使用的附加符号。这些被称作tehtar的符号在一些模式中表示元音字母，也可以用于表示常用辅音组合的缩写。这些完整的字母可能具有多种不同的宽度，因此必须要有个方法来产生整齐排列的tengwa-tehta对。对于字体，我们讲讨论一个已经可行的方案：首先插入tengwa，再添加一个有着正确偏移量的tehta分隔符，每一个tehta对应于不同的tengwa宽度都有相应的变种，另外还有一些额外的特殊字形的变种。
下一节将要介绍的工具提供了创建Tengwar题词(inscription)和文献(document)的各种解决方案，所有这些方案都通过自动选择合适的tehta变种来解决tengwa-tehta对的排列问题，其中一些还能再进一步的实现特定模式的转录(transcribe)规则，以便用户可以最大限度的根据标准拉丁语言的拼法来输入。输入法的选择大概只取决于用户确切的需求，比如文本的长度和对要使用模式可用性的支持。
字体我们将运用Daniel Smith原创编码的TrueType类型的字体。下面列出的这种类型的字体在写作此文是都时最新版本的，并且以免费软件的形式提供。

Tengwar Annatar by Johan Winge
Tengwar Cursive by me
Tengwar Elfica by Enrique Mombello
Tengwar Formal by Michal Nowakowski
Tengwar Hereno by Paulo A. Otto and Ronald Kyrmse
Tengwar Parmaite by Måns Björkman
Tengwar Quenya, Sindarin, and Noldor by Daniel Smith
Tengwar [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/10/24/writing-with-elvish-fonts-%e2%86%92%e3%80%8a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e7%b2%be%e7%81%b5%e8%af%ad%e5%ad%97%e4%bd%93%e3%80%8b/"><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.sci.fi/%7Ealboin/tengwartutorial.htm" target="_blank">［原文地址］</a></p>
<p>这篇教程介绍了一些在Windo<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ws PC上输入Tengwar的字体<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>和工具。
<div><span style="font-weight: bold;">关于本教程</span><br />本教程将用Daniel Smith的Tengwar字体<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>(和一些与之兼容的字体)来展示<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>在windows系统里如何使用<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>J.R.R. Tolkien的精灵语字母。首<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>先，我们考虑了一些编码和键入T<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>engwar所存在的问题，当然<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>可以通过一些软件工具的支持来修<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>正。接着，我给出了一些使用工具<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的例子。</p>
<p>本文主要面向的是只有一点或几乎<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>没有Tengwar使用经验的用<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>户。另一方面，我并不打算去教这<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>个书写系统(writing system)本身是如何工作的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，仅仅只是示范如何输入字符。<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=4750706085032764914&amp;postID=7963435583965343094#furtherreading">进一步阅读</a>部分推荐了一些Tengwar的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>学习资源。</div>
<p><a name='more'></a>
<div>事实上不需要了解多少Tengw<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ar也可以使用本文介绍的一些工<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>具，但是你应当知道这些工具的局<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>限性。对于大多数语言，从拉丁字<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>母到Tengwar的自动翻译并<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>不完全正确。特别地，Tolki<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>en用Tengwar输入英语的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>方法并不容易被软件工具复制，他<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>发明的拼字法是受传统英语的拼写<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>和现行发音的影响，而这两方面并<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>没有直接的联系因而会出问题。虽<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>然本文涉及的精灵语（Elvis<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>h Language）都比较简单，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>但是偶尔的一些词汇拼写使事情变<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>得复杂。</p>
<p><span style="font-weight: bold;">关于Tengwar</span><br />Tengwar是Tolkien<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>发明的最卓越的书写系统。 (名称可以被翻译为&#8221;字母&#8221;，这<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>就是为什么我多数情况下都将它用<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>作为复数单词。) 毫无疑问最好的例子就是<cite>The Lord of the Rings</cite>中的环题词（Ring-insc<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ription），Tengwa<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>r还出现在Moria Gate的说明里，此小说的附录<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>E里包含有对此系统的更详细的描<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>述，然而Balin坟的角字母(<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>angular letters)都是神秘记号，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>不会在这里讨论。</p>
<p>在他们虚构的背景里，Tengw<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ar被广大地区所熟知，并且被用<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>来书写多种精灵语和非精灵语。像<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>预期的一样，这些语言的拼字法互<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>相之间都或多或少有些差异，有些<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>差异小的甚至只有几处不同而已。<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>这些拼字法，也就是用字母和符号<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>来表音的不同方法，称为模式(m<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>odes)。</p>
<p>用为拉丁字母设计的键盘去书写这<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>些模式是不现实的。这个解决方案<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>被此书写系统相对随意的自然性（<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>free nature）给进一步复杂化了<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，因为一个字母潜在的表音值（s<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ound value）在不同的模式里是相<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>当不同的，这对字体设计者来说是<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>个问题，而这些字母又将被分配在<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>什么键盘位置（code position）上才能使字体<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>容易使用呢？</p>
<p>在本教程中我们用到的是由Dan<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>iel Smith开发的键盘映射，其字<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>母的布置跟他们可能的表音值没有<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>一点联系。例如，为了在Quen<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ya模式下用这些字体输入<i>Elessar</i>，你需要键入<i>`VjR,E6</i>。 作者在他的FAQ里解释了这个方<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>案以及这样设计的理由的更多细节<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，在这个问题下面 <a href="http://www.gis.net/%7Edansmith/fonts/faq.htm#tolkien05">&#8220;为什么Tengwar字母&#8217;B<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>&#8216;不是键盘上的&#8217;B'键&#8221;</a>。</p>
<p>另外一个技术问题是在字母上面或<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>下面被大量使用的附加符号。这些<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>被称作tehtar的符号在一些<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>模式中表示元音字母，也可以用于<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>表示常用辅音组合的缩写。这些完<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>整的字母可能具有多种不同的宽度<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，因此必须要有个方法来产生整齐<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>排列的tengwa-tehta<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>对。对于字体，我们讲讨论一个已<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>经可行的方案：首先插入teng<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>wa，再添加一个有着正确偏移量<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的tehta分隔符，每一个te<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>hta对应于不同的tengwa<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>宽度都有相应的变种，另外还有一<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>些额外的特殊字形的变种。</p>
<p>下一节将要介绍的工具提供了创建<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Tengwar题词(inscr<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>iption)和文献(docu<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ment)的各种解决方案，所有<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>这些方案都通过自动选择合适的t<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ehta变种来解决tengwa<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>-tehta对的排列问题，其中<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>一些还能再进一步的实现特定模式<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的转录(transcribe)<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>规则，以便用户可以最大限度的根<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>据标准拉丁语言的拼法来输入。输<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>入法的选择大概只取决于用户确切<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的需求，比如文本的长度和对要使<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>用模式可用性的支持。</p>
<p><span style="font-weight: bold;">字体</span><br />我们将运用Daniel Smith原创编码的TrueT<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ype类型的字体。下面列出的这<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>种类型的字体在写作此文是都时最<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>新版本的，并且以免费软件的形式<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>提供。
<ul>
<li><a href="http://home.student.uu.se/j/jowi4905/fonts/annatar.html">Tengwar Annatar</a> by Johan Winge</li>
<li><a href="http://www.sci.fi/%7Ealboin/tengwar.htm">Tengwar Cursive</a> by me</li>
<li><a href="http://www.geocities.com/eemunsj/Elfica_en.htm">Tengwar Elfica</a> by Enrique Mombello</li>
<li><a href="http://www.limes.com.pl/%7Emiszka/">Tengwar Formal</a> by Michal Nowakowski</li>
<li><a href="http://www.geocities.com/otsoandor/Fonts.htm">Tengwar Hereno</a> by Paulo A. Otto and Ronald Kyrmse</li>
<li><a href="http://at.mansbjorkman.net/">Tengwar Parmaite</a> by Måns Björkman</li>
<li><a href="http://www.acondia.com/fonts/index.html">Tengwar Quenya, Sindarin, and Noldor</a> by Daniel Smith</li>
<li><a href="http://www.dafont.com/en/voir.php?libelle=Tengwar+Teleri">Tengwar Teleri</a> by Redruth&#8217;s Basement Software.</li>
</ul>
<p>大多数较新的字体实际上都与Da<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>niel Smith的原创版本完全兼容，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>一些个别字符可能有所不同甚至已<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>经丢失，不过这些通常都会在它们<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>各自的文档里说明的。Tengw<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ar Cursive是个例外，它只包<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>含最频繁使用的字母和符号。这些<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>缺失可能导致一些问题：比如，没<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>人能确定转录器的输出是否正确显<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>示了Cursive字体。</p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>关于安装字体:</b> 如果你不是很熟悉如何在wind<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ows下安装字体，参见<a href="http://www.fontfreak.com/help_pc.htm">Font Freak上的一个指南</a>。当然你还需要一个像<a href="http://www.winzip.com/">WinZip</a>或<a href="http://www.ploty.com/freezip/">FreeZip</a>一样的解压缩程序。</span></p>
<p>此外还有一些其他TrueTyp<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>e类型的Tengwar字体和一<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>些不同的格式，但是它们使用不同<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的键盘映射，而且这里提供的指南<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>对它们不适用。由于字母和符号的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>选择是相通的，因此在大多数场合<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>下上面列出的字体 (Tengwar Cursive除外)都足够了。<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><br /><span style="font-weight: normal;">输入法和工具</span></p>
<p>使用这些字体至少有四种可区分的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>不同方法：
<ol>
<li>  <b>转录器.</b> 转录器使用一段拉丁字母文本作为<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>输入，当用户指定了一种模式时，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>转录器将会使用被选择模式的一系<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>列转录规则来确定这些文本是如何<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>转化成Tengwar的，然后它<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>就生成正确的字符串来表示Dan<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>iel Smith的字体拼法。例如：当<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>需要根据Quenya模式的完整<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>规则来转录Quenya文字<i>quanta</i>时，它将确定以下这些：</p>
<ul>
<li><b><i>qu</i></b> 表示一个被整体(single)<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>写出的读作<i>&lt;quesse&gt;</i>的Tengwa发音(sound<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>)；</li>
<li><b><i>nt</i></b> 则应该对应于tengwa<tt>的<i>&lt;auto&gt;</i>；</tt></li>
<li>元音<b><i>a</i></b> (出现了两次)被写为位于先前的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>tengwa上方的三个点。</li>
</ul>
<p><code>输出可能是</code><i><code>zE4#</code></i>，它看上去像下图显示的Teng<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>war Quenya文字：<br /><img alt="[quesse + three dots above, anto + three dots above]" height="38" src="http://www.sci.fi/%7Ealboin/images/tengtut_ss5.jpg" width="47" /></p>
<p>写作此文时还有一些其他不错的转<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>录器，比如：</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://w1.860.comhem.se/%7Eu86023928/at/tengscribe.htm">The Tengwar Scribe.</a> TengScribe是第一个我<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>知道的能够根据一个可编辑的规则<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>集合来提供自动转录的程序。它拥<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>有富文本文档的文字处理能力，尽<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>管很多时候都只被倾向于作为一个<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>基本的转录工具。其他转录器软件<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>通常可以使用TengScrib<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>e的模式文件因而是与TengS<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>cribe兼容的。免费软件。</li>
<li><a href="http://www.tengwar.art.pl/ott/english.php">oTT (online Tengwar Transcriber).</a> 这个基于Web的转录服务可以可<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>选的将它的输出转化为图片，这意<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>味着用户可以除了字体什么都不用<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>装就能使用。公共服务。</li>
<li><a href="http://www.jadro.cz/tengwar/index.php">YaTT (Yet another Tengwar Transcriber).</a> YaTT在与TengScrib<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>e类似的基本功能之上添加了很多<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>额外特性。它看上去也避开了Te<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ngScribe在Window<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>s 2000和XP系统上被报告的关<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>于显示tehtar的<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=4750706085032764914&amp;postID=7963435583965343094#xp2000problem">问题</a>。可用于捐赠。</li>
</ul>
<p>即使你不会说波兰语(我不会)，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>但你可能想去看看<a href="http://www.tengwar.art.pl/programy.php">Tengwar Fëanora: programy</a>上的看上去是即是更新(up-t<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>o-date)的完整Tengw<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ar软件列表。同样也包括Lin<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ux的软件。</p>
<p></li>
<li><b>可点击的 软键盘.</b> 这些实用工具允许用户通过点击为<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>有些模式准备的有合适标签的按钮<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>来键入Tengwar，因而减轻<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>了用户的记忆负担。Daniel<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> Smith创建的<a href="http://www.acondia.com/tengwar_fonts/index.html#utils">Word宏</a>提供了这类服务。 </li>
<li>  <b>Keyman软件.</b> 有了<a href="http://www.tavultesoft.com/keyman/">Tavultesoft Keyman</a>，用户可以使用自定义规则来创建<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>按键-字符映射的“键盘”。这些<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>“键盘”可以用于文字处理器或其<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>他应用。因为环境字符(surr<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ounding characters)在切换时<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>会被存到一个账户里去，因此可以<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>专门为Tengwar转录器创建<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>一个“键盘”。Keyman运行<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>时(用于使用“键盘”)对个人使<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>用免费，对Keyman开发者(<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>编辑)是共享软件<br />目前，键盘选项与Daniel Smith字体的兼容性不如Te<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ngScribe的模式文件。我<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>知道一个叫做<a href="http://www.ai.rug.nl/%7Eflobbe/tengwar/">键入Tengwar</a>的网页上有英语、荷兰语和Ten<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>gwar Quenya模式的“键盘”。不<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>幸的是，这些用Keyman的某<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>个试用版创建的发行“键盘”多少<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>都有点限制，我安装这些“键盘”<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>时就得到过警告。</li>
<li><b>手动键入.</b> 即使使用了上述所有的软件，最快<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的创建短题词的方法莫过于启动一<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>个文字处理器然后直接键入。大部<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>分键盘布局都是合理的，假定你很<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>熟悉Tolkien的《指环王》<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>附录E中所列的Tengwar表<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。字体的发行应该包含一些可以作<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>为参考指南的文档。</li>
</ol>
<p><span style="font-weight: bold;">例子</span> <span style="font-weight: bold;">&nbsp;</span><br /><span style="font-weight: bold;">转录器 (用TengScribe生成至<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>尊魔戒的环题词)</span><br />[注意： 这个例子可能需要重写以便使用T<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>engwar Annatar。]</p>
<p>在这个例子里，我们至少需要安装<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>一些像<a href="http://w1.860.comhem.se/%7Eu86023928/at/tengscribe.htm">Tengwar Scribe</a>这样的<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=4750706085032764914&amp;postID=7963435583965343094#thefonts">字体</a>。 这个软件本身就包含了所有使用T<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>engScribe的必要说明，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>简单来说：你随便输入一些内容到<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>左边的源面板里，选择一个模式，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>再为右边的目标面板选择一种Te<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ngwar字体，单击trans<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>cribe按钮，然后就可以看到<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>转录后的Tengwar了。   
<div style="font-weight: bold;">一个简单的转录操作</p>
</div>
<p>下面图片里的文本就是我们需要生<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>成的Tengwar(感谢Mil<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ton Gardner III)。这张图片已经由Ten<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>gwar Cursive产生了，当然不包<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>括第一行开头和结尾的像火焰一样<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的符号，这个字体里没有这些符号<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。<br /><a href="http://www.yeeyan.com/editor/start/images/onering.jpg"><img alt="[The Tengwar writing on the Ring]" height="105" src="http://www.sci.fi/%7Ealboin/images/t_onering.jpg" width="250" /></a><br />Tolkien的原始环题词图片<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>可以在“The Shadow of the Past”一章里找到。在那章里<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>我们也可以听到Gandalf告<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>诉Frodo这句话的意思是“i<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>s that of Mordor”。附录F(I)更<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>精确的验明了这是古老的黑暗语(<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Black Speech)，所以我们应该选<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>择TengScribe的黑暗语<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>模式。从“The Council of Elrond”里我们发现了应当<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>往源面板里键入的文本，那就是下<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>面的： <br />
<blockquote>ash nazg durbatulûk, ash nazg gimbatul, </p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p>ash nazg thrakatulûk agh burzum-ishi krimpatul </p></blockquote>
<p>看上去可以合理的为目标面板选择<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Tengwar Cursive作为其字体了，不<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>过我们还需要一个与环题词类似的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>样式。然而，那个字体有些许兼容<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>性问题使得无法使这个例子更复杂<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。所以，为目标面板选择其他字体<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>吧，例如Tengwar Quenya，然后点击tran<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>scribe按钮。结果应该和下<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>图相似：<br /><a href="http://www.yeeyan.com/editor/start/images/tengtut_ss1.jpg"><img alt="[The Tengwar transcription is displayed in the Target Pane: &lt;aha w/ extended stem&gt;&lt;a&gt;&lt;númen&gt;&lt;áre nuquerna&gt;&lt;a&gt;...]" height="82" src="http://www.sci.fi/%7Ealboin/images/t_tengtut_ss1.jpg" width="300" /></a><br />虽然底部的一行少了一个空格，而<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>且标点符号跟原始的很不一样，但<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>是除此以外这用来表示指环上文字<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>已经相当不错了。本小节余下的部<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>分将处理一些特别针对Tengw<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ar Cursive字体的问题，你可<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>以跳过这部分直接进入下一个例子<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。</p>
<div><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>一个关于TengScribe的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>FAQ:</b> 如果你得到的不是Tengwar<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，而是一些类似<i><code>AE5,Ex26Y</code></i>的东西，说明为目标面板设置的字<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>体没有被安装。单击面板使它获得<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>光标，再在左边的字体列表里选择<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>一个Tengwar字体。 如果列表里没有Tengwar字<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>体，参考上面的<a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=4750706085032764914&amp;postID=7963435583965343094#installing">关于安装字体</a>。面板的使用跟任何典型的文字处<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>理器类似 (你可以画一个区域或者改变它的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>字体等等)。</span><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">  </span> </div>
<div><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Windows 2000和XP可能存在的问题：<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr></b> 这两个版本的windows的富<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>文本控件似乎不能正确显示teh<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>tar，每一个tehtar字符<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>后面都会跟一个空格(empty<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> space)，使得文本看起来被<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>截断了。如果你用的软件确实如此<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，那就把文本复制到一个有安整特<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>性的文字处理器里去，那样看起来<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>就中意了。我在Windows XP下测试过，TengScri<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>be和Wordpad会显示额外<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的空格但是Word 2002不显示，图形处理软件从<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Paint到Photoshop<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>都一切正常(多亏了Jelle指<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>出这点)。 </span> </div>
<h4>使用Tengwar Cursive</h4>
<p>我们将对题词做些小的改变以它看<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>上去更像Tolkien的原版，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>这也给了我一个机会去解释我自己<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的字体的一些特殊性。这些注解对<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>1.00版本适用，如果我再发布<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>新版本那就过时了。  首先我们先将文本的字体改为Te<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ngwar Cursive。补上了漏掉的空<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>格后看起来是这样的： <a href="http://www.yeeyan.com/editor/start/images/tengtut_ss2.jpg"><img alt="[The same text displayed in Tengwar Cursive]" height="110" src="http://www.sci.fi/%7Ealboin/images/t_tengtut_ss2.jpg" width="300" /></a><br />主要的问题是这两行文本中空格前<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>面的字母头上的“卷毛”应当成双<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，但显示的字符并非如此，他们应<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>当用<i>durbatulûk</i>和<i>thrakatulûk</i>这两个单词来表示长元音<i>û</i>。实际上题词上面确实有成双的“<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>卷毛”，但是它们的位置恰好完全<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>重叠了。</p>
<p>Tengwar Cursive有一个其他字体没<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>有的表示“双卷毛”的特殊符号。<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>通过打开由字体文件变过来的.d<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>oc文件，我们知道可以通过键入<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Alt+0179来生成这个符号<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>(参考《本字体的特有符号》一节<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，其实这个符号有两个版本，但是<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>这里的这个更合适)。  现在我们找到Tengwar文本<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>中单词<i>durbatulûk</i>的结尾，删除与<i>k</i>符合的字符上方的“卷毛”并加上<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>“双卷毛”。正如你注意到的，t<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ehtar是作为零宽度字符来实<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>现的，这就难以辩别光标是在特殊<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>符号的左边还是右边。<br /><img alt="[Correcting durbatuluk to durbatulûk by removing the curl(s) on the &lt;quesse&gt; and replacing them with a doubled curl character]" height="212" src="http://www.sci.fi/%7Ealboin/images/tengtut_ex1.gif" width="228" /><br />接下来我们可以将第二行和环题词<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>比较，对单词<i>thrakatulûk</i>作同样的变动。 其他可以提高的细节包括： 
<ul>
<li>在合适的位置添加标点符号。正如<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>我们可以注意到的，TengSc<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ribe添加的“三个点”不见了<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，这个字体只在中间高度上放一个<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>点(=键)。 </li>
<li>使用原版里出现的连贯风格的字母<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><i><tt>&lt;lambe&gt;</tt></i>。通过键入Alt+0190来生<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>成：参考文档中的《本字体的特有<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>符号》。</li>
</ul>
<p>最后，这是我建议的使用Teng<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>war Cursive作字体的环题词字<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>符串： <br />
<blockquote>AE5,Ex26Yw1E¾^z<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>³= AE5,ExxwP%1Ej^ </p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p>AE5,Ex37zE1E¾^z<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>³= X#w6Ykt^AT`Bz7q<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>pT1E^ </p></blockquote>
<p>现在看起来确实邪恶了一点，不是<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>吗？</p>
<p><span style="font-weight: bold;">可点击的软键盘(使用Word宏<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>来演绎时髦名称)</span></p>
<p>Microsoft Word的宏包可以在<a href="http://www.acondia.com/tengwar_fonts/index.html">Dan Smith的Tengwar字体<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr></a> (<a href="http://www.gis.net/%7Edansmith/fonts/tengwar.htm">mirror</a>)下载。安装以后，你的Word<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>会多一个含5个表示不同模式的按<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>钮的工具栏(详细信息参考宏包的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>说明)。</p>
<p>假设我们要用Tengwar输入<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><i>John Smith</i>。现在，很明显大部分场景下都是<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>使用英语模式来输入。唯一的问题<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>就是存在多种不同的方式来表示英<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>语Tengwar。宏支持两种模<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>式：J.R.R. Tolkien的“字母”模式(<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>元音写作tengwar)和他儿<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>子Christopher Tolkien.C使用的&#8221;te<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ngwa/tehta&#8221;模式。T<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>olkien的Tengwar题<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>词出现在书的标题页上，比如<cite>The Silmarillion</cite>。  我们选择Christopher<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> Tolkien的模式，主要是因<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>为这意味着使用semiphon<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>etic方式，也就是说大部分情<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>况是跟着普通英语的拼字法走，这<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>就比较容易使用了，当然这种方式<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>也与他父亲在<cite>The Lord of the Rings</cite>书标题上使用Tengwar的著<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>名模式相近。 这可能并不是最好的描绘名称的方<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>法，但是相当多的人应该去读一读<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。</p>
<p>单击工具提示为&#8221;English<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> Mode CJRT&#8221;的按钮来显示输入窗口<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，我们将忽略大多数名称中的标点<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>符号而通过单击相应的按钮来简单<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的输入拉丁字母。J-O-H-N<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>输入起来相当直观，同时S-M-<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>I-TH会提供一些二选一的项(<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>alternatives)，有<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>两个Tengwar被标记为“S<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>”：向上指的那个是首选。另外需<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>要注意<i>th</i>应该被转录到标记为“TH”的单<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>一Tengwa,当它具有表音值<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>并且确实是这个名字时。结果应当<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>是  <br />
<blockquote><img alt="[&lt;anga&gt;&lt;hyarmen&gt;&lt;o&gt;&lt;númen&gt; &lt;silme&gt;&lt;malta&gt;&lt;súle&gt;&lt;i/e&gt;]" height="42" src="http://www.sci.fi/%7Ealboin/images/tengtut_ss4.jpg" width="145" /> </p></blockquote>
<p>这个可以做个比较，看看Tolk<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ien是如何将他的名字John<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>写在<abbr title="The Lord of the Rings">LotR</abbr>的标题页题词里的，除了对teh<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>tar的放置拼写是完全一样的：<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>Tolkien确实就是将名字输<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>入成&#8221;jhon&#8221;。这里我们也许<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>可以想象有一个Gondoria<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>n作家，他正输入&#8221;hesita<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ting between the values of the letters familiar in his &#8216;mode&#8217; and the traditional spelling of English&#8221;这段附录E里描<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>述的文本，即使有笔误。 另外一个可观察的是C. Tolkien模式的tehta<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>r，由于<i>i</i>和<i>e</i>相比较于<abbr title="The Lord of the Rings">LotR</abbr>标题页上的内容已经变换了位置，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>很多人可能首先将上面的读作&#8221;j<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ohn smeth&#8221;。J.R.R. Tolkien能很好的使用这种<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>倒序排列，但是为了保证可读性，<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>将<i>e</i>用作重音(看上面)而<i>i</i>用作点可能更好。  <span style="font-weight: bold;">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: bold;">手动输入 (输入Quenya)</span></p>
<p>到目前为止我们在创建题词时稍微<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>有点盲目，忘了尝试去理解我们已<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>经做完的事情的细节。这个方法并<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>不是想让我们走远，在这最后一个<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>例子里，我们来找找那些不需要实<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>用工具帮忙就能输入的必要信息。<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr></p>
<p>我们所用的示例文本是高等精灵A<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ragorn在他的加冕典礼上发<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>言的仪式短语的一部分，这就是说<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>这是Elendil的原话，也许<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>我们可以想象一下，这些文字被雕<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>刻在这个传说中的Minas Tirith国王的雕塑底座上：<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> <br />
<blockquote><i>Sinome maruvan</i> </p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;In this place will I abide&#8221; </p></blockquote>
<p>很多地方都介绍了高等精灵语(Q<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>uenya)的输入模式。我们可<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>以在Daniel Smith的文献里找到这些字体<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，或者到<a href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/md_teng_primers.html">Tengwar导读</a>去阅读Per Lindberg的<cite>Quenya Tengwainen</cite>，之后我们就能理解Quenya<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>是如何被书写的。是时候打开描述<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>键盘映射的文档了，任何一位字体<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>作者提供的都行。<br />正如Quenya模式的用户(a<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ccount)告诉我们，<i>s</i>音通常写作字母<i><tt>&lt;silme&gt;</tt></i>(<img alt="[&lt;silme&gt;]" height="30" src="http://www.sci.fi/%7Ealboin/images/tng_silme.gif" width="18" />)，但是自我想在它的上方放置t<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>ehtar之后，我觉得使用它的<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>翻转变体(turned variant)<i><tt>&lt;silme nuquerna&gt;</tt></i> (<img alt="[&lt;silme nuquerna&gt;]" height="30" src="http://www.sci.fi/%7Ealboin/images/tng_silme_n.gif" width="17" />)更好。在键盘映射里找到这个T<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>engwa，我们会发现正确的按<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>键是i(I将是个可接受的变形)<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。  Quenya的元音<i>i</i>作为单个点写在前一个辅音的上面<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>。这字体有多个版本的tehta<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>r用于不同宽度的Tengwar<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>；一些实验透露出通过键入T产生<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>的那个漂亮的吻合了<i><tt>&lt;silme&gt;</tt></i>。以此方式我们来写“si”，i<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>T。</p>
<p>继续同样的方法，我们最终将得到<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>下面的解决方案： <br />
<blockquote><img alt="[&lt;silme nuquerna&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;númen&gt;&lt;o&gt;&lt;malta&gt;&lt;e&gt; &lt;malta&gt;&lt;a&gt;&lt;rómen&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;vala&gt;&lt;a&gt;&lt;númen&gt;]" height="40" src="http://www.sci.fi/%7Ealboin/images/tengtut_ss3.jpg" width="139" /> </p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p>iT5^t$ t#7UyE5 </p></blockquote>
<p><span style="font-weight: bold;">进一步阅读</span><br />推荐阅读的Tengwar列在了<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>不同的FAQ列表里，我将简单向<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>读者指出： 
<ul>
<li><a href="http://nellardo.com/lang/elf/faq.html#s1.8">Elfling FAQ</a> (&#8220;1.8 在哪里得到Tolkien的字母<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>表? 如何学习输入它们?&#8221;)</li>
<li><a href="http://www.forodrim.org/daeron/faq.html">Mellonath Daeron FAQ</a> (&#8220;如何学习奇妙漂亮的精灵语手<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>写体(Elvish Script)?&#8221;一节). </li>
</ul>
<p>下面的链接应该会让那些将Ten<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>gwar用于特殊用处的人感兴趣<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>，一次性的： 
<ul>
<li><a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/elfscript/message/1600">Message 1600 on the Elfscript list</a>是一个有组织的(planned<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>)FAQ来回答“如何用精灵语书<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>写我[和特别的人]的名字?</li>
<li><a href="http://www.geocities.com/therealteng/">Tengwar的现状</a>记录了现行的&#8221;Tengwar时<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>尚&#8221;：在纹身、戒指和其他物品上<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>使用精灵语字母。它还包含一个对<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>此类项目的建议的<a href="http://www.geocities.com/therealteng/guide.html">指南</a>。 </li>
</ul>
</div>
<div>
<address><span style="font-size: x-small;">&nbsp;</span></address>
<address><span style="font-size: x-small;">&nbsp;</span></address>
<address><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.iki.fi/harri.perala/">Harri Perälä</a>, &lt;<a href="mailto:harri.perala@iki.fi">harri.perala@ik<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>i.fi</a>&gt;</span></address>
<div><span style="font-size: x-small;">最新的主要修改：2003年11<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>月10日</span><br /><span style="font-size: x-small;">最新的次要修改：2005年01<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr>月13日</span> </div>
<div><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.sci.fi/%7Ealboin/jrrtmenu.htm" target="_blank">去J.R.R. Tolkien的工作室学习</a></span>  </div>
</div>
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<a href="http://www.wargrey.net">Thinking as Children</a><br/><br />
<a href="http://translation.wargrey.net">Chinese Translation</a><br/></div>
]]></content>
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[The Broad And Profound Chinese Character has banged into its bottleneck]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/10/20/the-broad-and-profound-chinese-character-has-banged-into-its-bottleneck/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=18</id>
		<updated>2009-10-20T14:02:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-10-20T14:02:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="By-talk" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[A Chinese character or a Chinese word can be combined at random, then they may appear in everywhere.
But nowadays this wonderful feature has burdened the readers because of the ridiculous reasons.
Luckily, Chinese character is not consisted by letters whose number are not enough for the HELL GOVERNMENT to filter.So our Chinese character is still great.


Thinking [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/10/20/the-broad-and-profound-chinese-character-has-banged-into-its-bottleneck/"><![CDATA[<p>A Chinese character or a Chinese word can be combined at random, then they may appear in everywhere.</p>
<p>But nowadays this wonderful feature has burdened the readers because of the ridiculous reasons.</p>
<p>Luckily, Chinese character is not consisted by letters whose number are not enough for the HELL GOVERNMENT to filter.So our Chinese character is still great.
<div class="blogger-post-footer">
<hr/>
<a href="http://www.wargrey.net">Thinking Like Children, Fighting As A Martial Artist</a><br/><br />
<br/></div>
]]></content>
		<link rel="replies" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/10/20/the-broad-and-profound-chinese-character-has-banged-into-its-bottleneck/#comments" thr:count="12"/>
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[&quot;IT Birddies&quot; is on the way]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/08/19/it-birddies-is-on-the-way/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=17</id>
		<updated>2009-08-19T14:39:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-08-19T14:39:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="Book" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[The Chinese version is in my Chinese blog.
This is a book about the growth of University, Dream and Independence. It collects 21 stories told by different young authors who are fighting for IT. They are all ordinarily but have the extraordinary stories because of the belief and effort.
This book is published by Broadview, and its [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/08/19/it-birddies-is-on-the-way/"><![CDATA[<p>The Chinese version is in my <a href="http://wargrey.yo2.cn/2009/08/19/35306/" target="_blank">Chinese blog</a>.</p>
<p>This is a book about the growth of University, Dream and Independence. It collects 21 stories told by different young authors who are fighting for IT. They are all ordinarily but have the extraordinary stories because of the belief and effort.</p>
<p>This book is published by <a href="http://blog.csdn.net/bvbook">Broadview</a>, and its young chief editors are come from the&nbsp; PeKing University. The readers can try the reproduction proof ahead of the publish date September.<br /><a href="http://mindhacks.cn/2009/05/17/seven-years-in-nju/" target="_blank">Liu Weipeng:Seven years in NaJing University</a><br /><a href="http://blog.youxu.info/2009/08/06/my-undergraduate-year/#comments" target="_blank">Xu You:My Undergraduate Year</a><br /><a href="http://zbw25.spaces.live.com/blog/cns%21BD4EFBFAF436336C%212913.entry" target="_blank">Zhuang Biaowei:My Barbarous Growth</a><br /><a href="https://groups.google.com/group/pongba/browse_thread/thread/be579770e74d2c7e/d8c1208524951ecc#d8c1208524951ecc">Jiang Yudong:Dreaming<wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr><wbr></wbr> In Computer Academy</a><br />And you may be interested in my story: <a href="http://wargrey.yo2.cn/2009/05/20/30236/">The Track of Growth</a>. </p>
<p>We want to write a confession, And this confession is exactly personally, but it is also applicable for others because our stories can be experienced by all of you. We hope all the stories are usable for those young who are devoting themselves to the Information Technology. We also hope our detours is the bridge for you to break through the barriers.
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://pw013a.bay.livefilestore.com/y1pTUg_9gxYZXg-sKIuS0HhxhA5hxanD8oemX_nlypHgV-k02EUMjTfuQGGBeDQpDaNpC4OVNopYVdyWlpC8QP6E_--Yy4d7wfJ/bvbird.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://pw013a.bay.livefilestore.com/y1pTUg_9gxYZXg-sKIuS0HhxhA5hxanD8oemX_nlypHgV-k02EUMjTfuQGGBeDQpDaNpC4OVNopYVdyWlpC8QP6E_--Yy4d7wfJ/bvbird.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="blogger-post-footer">
<hr/>
<a href="http://www.wargrey.net">Thinking Like Children, Fighting As A Martial Artist</a><br/><br />
<br/></div>
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[This dream is just right]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/08/15/this-dream-is-just-right/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=16</id>
		<updated>2009-08-15T13:51:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-08-15T13:51:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="Dream" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[Today is the day that the girl who is my special net friend go to the USA. It’s a pity that I cannot send her off. In the past year, We communicated on and off, and that is just why I can feel her change and growth obviously.I have no intention of denying that maybe [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/08/15/this-dream-is-just-right/"><![CDATA[<p><span id="ctl00_MainContentPlaceholder_ctl01_ctl00_lblEntry">Today is the day that the girl who is my special net friend go to the USA. It’s a pity that I cannot send her off. In the past year, We communicated on and off, and that is just why I can feel her change and growth obviously.<br /><span class="fullpost"><br />I have no intention of denying that maybe I love her, but I always take long views when I think and make decision. For another, I also admire the man who has a good mentality or ability.&nbsp; Apart from this, She has the chance to study abroad. So I want to meet her, but the distance seems unbridgeable at this time for me.</p>
<p>Last night I called her, I have not called a strange girl so far, and I did not give any useful information as I was a bit nervous. However, what a lucky thing I dreamed the exciting dream! In that dream, I was in Beijing, and in an unknown building, I found her having lunch with her friends. I just want to see her from far, so I went away when she saw me. In fact, with the excitement I showed her my <span>characteristic style passing across the crowds.&nbsp; Aha, the feeling just like I was in the real world.</span></p>
<p>Finally, it is worth mentioning that I met a schoolmate after leaving her in the dream. He told me that several schoolmates of mine have come to Beijing and got the offer. This information gives me a lot of faith. Well, what is the actually stuff I am keeping fearing for? Nothing but I have lost my faith because of the virtual reason. Even though I have not gotten my expectation right now, it’s time to fight for myself instead of delaying.<br /></span><br /></span>
<div class="blogger-post-footer">
<hr/>
<a href="http://www.wargrey.net">Thinking Like Children, Fighting As A Martial Artist</a><br/><br />
<br/></div>
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	</entry>
		<entry>
		<author>
			<name>wargrey</name>
					</author>
		<title type="html"><![CDATA[Undetected AC adapter of Dell inspiron 640m]]></title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/03/20/undetected-ac-adapter-of-dell-inspiron-640m/" />
		<id>http://xspirithack.org/wordpress/?p=15</id>
		<updated>2009-03-20T13:49:00Z</updated>
		<published>2009-03-20T13:49:00Z</published>
		<category scheme="http://blog.xspirithack.org" term="Hardware" />		<summary type="html"><![CDATA[At the beginning, I beg your pardon, and I have to complain about my Dell Inspiron 640m that has too many problems with which I have nothing to do. Several months ago. My system run much slower then ever at random. It seems that the speed is only the two thirds of normal. The reason [...]]]></summary>
		<content type="html" xml:base="http://blog.xspirithack.org/2009/03/20/undetected-ac-adapter-of-dell-inspiron-640m/"><![CDATA[<p><span id="ctl00_MainContentPlaceholder_ctl01_ctl00_lblEntry">At the beginning, I beg your pardon, and I have to complain about my Dell Inspiron 640m that has too many problems with which I have nothing to do. Several months ago. My system run much slower then ever at random. It seems that the speed is only the two thirds of normal. The reason had been unable to know until I found a paragraph shown on the screen when operating the system.<br /><span class="fullpost"><br />It says, Unable to detect the AC adaptor, please connect a 65W or higher AC adaptor, or your system will slow down. That&#8217;s the reason, but does it mean the correlation between performance and the power is positive? I have thought so, until I found some information displayed in BIOS. In my computer, there is one cpu with two cores and its Maximum Frequency is 1.66GHz while the Minimum Frequency is 1.00GHz, and I noticed that if the AC adaptor was not detected the Current Frequency was 1.00GHz or it would be 1.66GHz. So the system will adjust the frequency automatically!</p>
<p>Since the reason is recognized, I should try to solve it. I realised that there is a service named cpuspeed which is used to control the CPU Speed. So start it. At another hand, the Power Manager has two policies: Dynamic and Performance. Set the performance option, this will force the cpu run as the maximum frequency.</p>
<p>But it does not guarantee that this settings will always work as I found, if you reset the AC adaptor when your system is operating the Current Frequency would be changed to 1.00GHz. If it happen, you should reboot the system or your system will work slower.</p>
<p>Good Luck!   </span></span>
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<hr/>
<a href="http://www.wargrey.net">Thinking Like Children, Fighting As A Martial Artist</a><br/><br />
<br/></div>
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