Ocean acidification

Tropical cyclones may soon flip from releasing carbon to absorbing it

Carolina Galdino — Fri, 29 May 2026 12:00:00 +0000

For years, scientists have known that the ocean does a huge amount of the planet’s climate work for us. The ocean absorbs a large share of the carbon dioxide, taking in roughly 20 to 30 percent of human-caused CO2 emissions since the industrial era. At the same time, tropical cyclones are among the most violent things that […]

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Reduction of tropical cyclone-induced ocean carbon outgassing since 1993

Carolina Galdino — Fri, 29 May 2026 11:59:00 +0000

The ocean is a major sink of anthropogenic carbon, absorbing 20~30% of anthropogenic CO2 emissions across the air–sea interface. Intense weather systems, such as tropical cyclones, can strongly perturb the upper ocean and thus critically influence this carbon transfer. Here we develop an approach of synthesizing various observations to quantify the role of tropical cyclones in […]

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Darkness and body size shaped end-Cretaceous marine extinction patterns

Carolina Galdino — Fri, 29 May 2026 11:58:00 +0000

The Chicxulub asteroid impact at the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary (66 Ma) is thought to have caused the extinction of around 75% of species in the fossil record by triggering catastrophic environmental changes1. However, despite decades of research, the mechanisms linking the environmental changes to the selective extinction patterns observed in the marine fossil record remain unresolved. […]

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Effects of acidified seawater on growth, nutritional condition, and olfactory sensory of the Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) larvae

Carolina Galdino — Thu, 28 May 2026 12:00:00 +0000

Marine ecosystems are increasingly vulnerable to multiple stressors associated with climate change, resulting in significant ecological impact including ocean acidification. A 30-day experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of acidified seawater on the growth performance, nutritional status and free neuromast of olfactory organ condition of early larval stage of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) larvae. […]

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Long term variability of temperature and pH in the Bay of Bengal: an investigation on acoustic perspective

Carolina Galdino — Thu, 28 May 2026 11:59:00 +0000

This study comprehensively assesses the long-term variability of temperature, ocean acidity changes, and their implications on sound absorption and acoustic propagation in the Bay of Bengal. The analysis reveals a persistent warming trend in the Indian Ocean over the past 50 years, with a significant increase in temperature observed during the Sagar Maitri cruise in […]

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A review of volcanic activity and the evolution of coral reefs

Carolina Galdino — Wed, 27 May 2026 12:00:00 +0000

Coral reefs are among the most extraordinary ecosystems on Earth. They are living structures built by countless tiny polyps, yet they rival tropical rainforests in biodiversity, productivity, and ecological importance. They are subject to global, well-known, nonhuman disturbances, such as intense ocean currents, storm impacts, extreme weather events, climatic variations, disease, and predator outbreaks. They […]

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Feeding and excreting ecology in coastal systems

Carolina Galdino — Tue, 26 May 2026 12:20:00 +0000

Oysters (Crassostrea virginica) are critical foundation species in estuaries, providing numerous ecological and economic benefits. However, oyster populations have diminished worldwide. Effective oyster restoration and aquaculture require a mechanistic understanding of the physiological and environmental factors that govern oyster feeding, growth, and resilience under changing coastal conditions. We investigated how oyster ploidy and environmental conditions […]

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Demonstration of an automated bioreactor for controlled acid dosing to enhance marine algae productivity

Carolina Galdino — Tue, 26 May 2026 11:59:00 +0000

Microalgae are an important feedstock in aquaculture with significant economic potential in generating a diversity of bioproducts. To facilitate expansion of microalgal cultivation, a continuous automated bioreactor that uses waste acid to increase carbon bioavailability in seawater for enhanced biomass production was designed and tested with Tetraselmis suecica UTEX2286. Carbon bioavailability was inferred from culture pH and bioreactor […]

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Microbial communities associated with two populations of the sponge Chondrilla nucula under present and projected climate conditions in the Aegean Sea

Carolina Galdino — Mon, 25 May 2026 12:00:00 +0000

This data paper describes bacterial and fungal communities associated with the sponge Chondrilla nucula collected from two Eastern Mediterranean populations (North and South Aegean Sea) and maintained under controlled common-garden conditions simulating present and projected climate scenarios over a period of 3 months. Microbial composition was characterised using two complementary ribosomal marker approaches: Illumina (MiSeq) sequencing of the […]

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Carbon allocation strategy of Thalassiosira weissflogii in response to elevated pCO2

Carolina Galdino — Mon, 25 May 2026 11:59:00 +0000

Diatoms are of significance in the marine ecosystem, playing a pivotal role in the sustenance of marine life and the transfer of carbon from the surface ocean to deeper waters. Although numerous studies have investigated the effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) on marine diatoms across both short- and long-term adaptation scales, the molecular mechanisms […]

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