How Twitter Could Be Worth A Billion In A Year
Twitter’s not going to make their money with advertising. So how can they be a Billion Dollar Company in a year?
Twitter should take full advantage of their messaging platform, user base and user disposition to lead in the P2P mobile payments space, where, despite years of hype, no one has much of a head start.
Let’s rewind for a second. Last year, I wrote an analysis about mobile payments and concluded that, in order to move forward:
The best option is probably not doing a stand alone payment system. What I mean by that is that mobile payments need to be integrated into a larger online presence, especially if you have a site which is membership based.
…
With WAP and SMS having low penetration (again, sub-50%!), it will be the responsibility of those with an online presence already to move folks onto mobile platforms and mobile payment systems, as carriers and PayPal (VeriSign and Visa Mobile as well) can only do so much.
That was then. Now, Twitter has the growing social network, noteworthy penetration, and is building the core infrastructure to make this happen. Here’s how:
Ubiquity & Penetration
Forget infrastructure, forget great partnerships: the most important place a mobile payments system can start with is ubiquity.
Twitter is far from being a ubiquitous mobile platform, but they have more penetration and usage than any other mobile service and their current user base is the same important group of technology early adopters that PayPal enjoyed when it convinced the world that you could send money to an email address.
Twitterers Know/Learn Machine Language
One of the most missed facts in the mobile payments space is that users of a system have to be comfortable communicating using machine language. This is to say, one must remember and follow certain semantics so the system knows how much you’re paying and to whom.
Twitter users are already trained in this important action. Every time a Twitterer uses the “@,” “d” or even “#” to direct Twitter or annotate the messages it sends through the system, people are using the exact sort of machine language they’d need to use for mobile payments to work.
Having users already comfortable speaking in machine lanaguage is already a huge plus for Twitter. I already “d” you a direct message. Now I’d like to “p” you $5.
Carrier Independent Messaging Infrastructure
Forget, for a moment, that Twitter has had serious scaling problems and buy into, for a moment, to the fact that Twitter is currently rebuilding their entire infrastructure to function like a messaging system.
The significance of this is how Twitter will continue to wrap itself around (not to) the mobile carriers and further integrate with our mobile devices.
When the rearchitecting is all said and done, Twitter will be a carrier independent social messaging platform — one that can harness both the power of the social web AND mobile messaging infrastructure, which will be a powerful one-two punch in the mobile P2P payment space.
Conclusion
If Twitter had a P2P payments system in place today, it would become the most used mobile payments system overnight. Having the ability to send a message like “p innonate $5″ for that beer I just bought you would integrate seamlessly with the way Twitter’s users already interact with their system.
Layering on a payments system would not only make the feature instantly used, it would position Twitter to revolutionize how money is collected and exchanged on the Internet. (Think of what Twitter’s done for flashmobs and how it could effect fundraising.)
Twitter, I hope you’re listening.
SAI Contributor Nate Westheimer is Entrepreneur-In-Residence at Rose Tech Ventures, and blogs at innonate.com, where this post was first published.




I do hope Twitter tackles their reliability issues as this would be a great way to monetize.
Though, if Twitter's to be used for payments to vendors, everyone needs to be very careful about how to treat that relationship. Imagine if you were d'd (as in direct-messaged) advertisements whenever a vendor felt you weren't being a good enough customer. Or, if vendors started beaconing (via @ replies) their thanks for your business.
If you start injecting money into the system, the system changes on a social level. If they chose this route, it'll be interesting to see it play out.
`mg
Hey Nate, With Twitter's well-established stability issues (for whatever reason), few are likely to trust them as money brokers/movers anytime soon. If they can establish stability - with documented uptime & message delivery at published rates (vis-a-vis SLA), then maybe.
Facebook Mobile seems like a good bet for a next-gen payment system. They can set it up with SSL + people already have a huge social net on the device. All Facebook needs to do is extend their platform to their mobile site and someone else will figure it out.
They absolutely need to get those issues right before launching something like P2P payments. But this post assumes for a minute that the new architecture they're working on will work at some point. After that stability milestone they'll need to work on figuring out how to make money, and this is what I'm talking about.
My biggest concern is that I don't know how many Twitter users are mobile.
Other than iPhone users who are occasionally on Hahlo, my impression is that most people are using it off a PC, usually with something like Twhirl.
But that's a personal observation - I'd be curious to see actual stats. And you are correct that Twitter users are likely adept at new technology.
I mean the attraction of mobile payments is the mobile wallet .. I am at movie theater and I want to buy a ticket I wave my mobile phone at the ticket machine and the payment is transferred.
Help me here - What exact payment would be texted?
Your post could just as well be written to say that PayPal could probably use the Twitter API to layer their (actually working) service service into Twitter's (much, much, much) smaller userbase. Or Paypal could just, via its website, create a simple messaging system using the tens of millions of email addresses they already have. They already have some of the hardest parts done-- and Twitter's dev team has yet to create a stable messaging system, much less one that is capable of handling sensitive personal data and actual, real-live money.
@Harold, if I've gotten one thing out of the comments, is that PayPal could probably build something HOT over Twitter to compliment their existing mobile payments.
Twitter as a payment system is a brilliant Idea
The mobile aspect of it would be an add-on.
It'd be so damn easy to integrate twitter payments to existing systems, just by having people twitter payments to your service's twitter account.
It'd be really awesome... the fact that it can be done over SMS is just a great great great plus.
[sarcasm]All they have to do is implement payment gateways for every country in the world and they'll be a very easy to use paypal[/sarcarm]
If anything, paypal could buy twitter and allow people to pay over twitter, or to associate twitter accounts to their paypals. They already have the hard part covered.
liqpay.com - made by leading Ukrainian bank - privatbank.ua
You send money to mobile number.
Transfers from mobile2mobie are free.
When you withdrawing money from mobile back to your VISA you lose 1,95$ + 1%.
It's international by the way.
Another one worth mentioning - www.wmtransfer.com
- millions $ of daily turnover. They are not mobile payment system but they have really nice java app that generates keys to sign transaction.
Merchant sends you the code of future transaction and waits for signature, then app generates unique signature and you are done.
Lots of inside baseball comments here tend to forget about real people, the ones that are just getting super comfortable with email:)
I think services like Twitter will play an important role in the socialization of the web in the coming years but I seriously doubt that it will be so commercialized this quickly.
I tend to be an early adopter but will likely never use Twitter. Why? Because I'm just a little too shy to mass broadcast my every move. I know many people that think Twitter is just plain weird. I'm one of those people btw.
Twitter probably will eventually find some way to generate cash. I'm just not sure I agree that a payment system is part of the equation.
As for the micropayments Idea, it might work as a way for Twitter to actually make money if done right..but unless this is built in from the ground it maybe difficult to rearchitect...so unless the current upgrade includes this functionality you probably won't see it in Twitter for over a year and by then a pure play might be on the scene to milk the idea (which you so openly shared with the world in this post!)
Time will tell!
My hunch is that Twitter's reliability issues are so severe that we're not going to see them doing much technical business development, all efforts will be on making it work. (See link below for the best analysis of the problem that I've seen.)
I bet some third party will jump in and make a twitter "bot" to send payments. I dont think it'll be paypal. They haven't done anything new in years (like their owner).
http://www.scripting.com/stories/2008/06/28/stateOfTheTwitterJune2008.html
People will need something to sell.
Might I suggest custom vinyl stickers ? :)
http://www.stickernation.com/order.htm
- Srini
StickerNation.com
Again, I'm making this whole argument based on people buying into the Twitter as a messaging system, not publishing system (meaning I don't care about the "I just ate salad!" posts either).
Paypal is far more ubiquitous, and the payment world is not something twitter even stands a chance at understanding and infiltrating. 99% doesn't cut it, they need "five 9s". Mastercard has announced their intentions to get into P2P, launching in 2009 with issuing banks also involved.
Facebook is a big "maybe", and they will launch their payment system in late July at F8. We'll see how it goes.
We'll listen to your opinion once our system is up again.
You know the problem with online payment, it requires a near 100% uptime, for the moment that ain't happening yet with twitter.
If they could do that, it might work.
Cheers
Jaap willem
Yes, Twitter is a mobile platform.
Yes, Anyone can receive and send SMS.
However...
Twitter cannot deal with liability issues and risk management.
New secure technologies for mobile payment are coming along, like NFC (Near-Field Communication), and will change the mobile landscape big time.
Large banks (Deutsche Bank for e.g.) are working on dedicated secure mobile payment platforms, which btw will integrate NFC for P2P contactless transactions. and they know how to deal with risk management and liability issues.
I don't think this business model is likely to happen. Let twitter be twitter and grow its user base. They'll come-up with some business model when usages of they application are more clear.
And one disadvantage : they have no stable platform
Btw I think twiiter would be great for selling cars, they have a lot of users and most of them own cars ....
I think the latter (especially if you consider existing Google Talk and Skype).
Still it would be nice to simple SMS from my phone "D$20 innonate thanks for lunch" to split the lunch bill you put on your credit card when I had no cash and had forgotten my wallet.
But I dont think this service has to be done by twitter - I think PayPal could do it by buying one of the services (plurk even) or anyone else, integrate the username service with an openid and voila - a trusted payment vendor could offer the same service...
See Business Week: http://www.businessweek.com/the_thread/techbeat/archives/2008/06/when_paypal_fir.html
I think it's also easy to exaggerate the market penetration of Twitter beyond the early adopters. There is a very large "now that you've explained to me what Twitter is, why in the world would I want to use something like that?" factor out there, which will take a generation to overcome (you'll have to wait for older folks who'll never use Twitter to die off). Twitter usage is almost more of a lifestyle than a service; either you're in it or you're completely out of it. I suspect Twitter will never achieve ubiquity.
Nate, do you not care about your credibility?
You might want to go talk with the dozens of micro payment companies that have failed and ask them why.
You might want to talk to the ones that are currently quite successful in Europe and Asia when they plan on coming to the US.
On the technical side, there is almost nothing that Twitter could resuse in their current architecture for a mobile payment system. It is unauthenticated users, it uses unreliable and unsecure protocols, and has no back end infrastructure to payment systems.
It is sad really to see such posts and the positive comments it receives.
Certainly the engineering and business development for a payment system is more difficult from a business perspective, but it's also 100% doable for a company as funded as Twitter is.
Doesn't matter how much money you have, you can't force the usage side of things.
But back to the point I managed to glean from your sputtering:
Once again: You can already PayPal $$ to a phone #. But people aren't. I could go on and on about the existing services and why they've failed and it all comes back to one thing:
Usage. They haz none.
Twitter does in fact have usage, and while early, it's proven to be sticky and increasing. Most importantly for *P2P mobile payments* (the subject of my post, specifically not mobile payments to merchants) Twitter has cohesive networks of people using their service. I don't care if you're on Twitter or not, because I'd never send you money.
However, I do care that my roommate @evbart is on Twitter, because I'd like an easy way to send him $$ on the go, and I don't have his phone number memorized (might be news to you, but us "Millennials" don't know phone numbers, only usernames).
As for building the payment infrastructure... the fact that there are so many failed startups in this space SCREAMS both "doable" from a engineering perspective and "potential M&A."
Not just for Twitter for for the whole social web. Let the people own the revenue model.
Please excuse the late entry into this subject. BTW, great work at getting people rallied around this topic it is one of keen interest.
There are a few intricacies that should be noted about this topic:
1) Payments companies are not Social Networking companies, they deal in money. If someone's money is lost and it is not rectified immediately their reputation is tarnished forever. A company like Twitter relies on word of mouth (and is quite successful might I add), if word got out that they were 'loosing money' they would be swept into the bin.
2) Setting up a payments company requires huge amounts of expertise, contacts and time. Although it can and has been done; a 1-year timeframe is cutting is very close and may result in a situation as described in #1.
3) Twitter's brand is tarnished. Once they have fixed the technical difficulties, and they will, it may be too late for their "Five-9's" reputation and may not bode well when they enter the P2P Market.
4) PayPal is not really a P2P company, it is a P2M(erchant) company and has been wildly successful because of the need for this service on Ebay. P2P as it stands is really only useful with the 3rd world unbanked, international funds transfers and the occasional cohabitation situation. What Twitter needs is a sister company.
Finally here is a solution that may prove beneficial to all parties involved:
Skip the thought that Twitter could be a P2P company and simply partner with a true payments company to provide this service safely and securely and call it a day. I'd suggest that Twitter stick to its guns and fix what they have, make some deals and ramp. They are a great social messaging platform and could be a great payments company, but I don't think that is their in philosophy.
Cheers,
Phil
so let's use it for money??
most twitters moved to friendfeed last week.
I totally agree with your line of thinking.
You know if we can get this working it will soon be possible to bank the unbanked. The problem I see from personal experience is that VC's don't think the same as you and me, and when I pitched a few VC guys locally they all told me this type of thing will never work. I am willing to bet they are wrong. P2P Mobile payment is the future.
It's just a matter of time before such a service launches and when it does, I have pity on the financial institutions who tried to stomp out these idea's while they where small.
I was personally told the other day by just such a service provider that they would squish me if I ever tried to launch! mmm welcome to the real world.
Anyway thanx for a great post.
i am still a skeptical twitter user. if the notion is that they have built a strong/active userbase, i still disagree. Most people I know, even in the venture community, don't use twitter. also, for the argument that no one uses paypal mobile today, there just isn't a use case. if i owe my roommate money, or he just bought me a drink or food, i would just buy for him the next time around. i have no need to use paypal mobile and incur a fee to send him a small amount of money like that.
that being said, if i did really need to pay someone via a mobile payment service, paypal has MUCH more credibility than twitter ever will. payment is a very difficult thing to master, as evidenced by all of the venture backed mobile payment cos that have failed. it is difficult from a security perspective, and consequently from a user trust perspective. if i cant even trust twitter to deliver a message about a nonsensical part of my day, i am definitely not going to trust them with payment informaion.
on the subject of paypal, will someone who works at that company PLEASE BUILD A USABLE REPORTING MECHANISM. it is literally like pulling wisdom teeth without anesthesia trying to get data that is easy to manipulate and analyze out of that black box. if anyone else feels my pain, let me know, and lets build a reporting backend for enterprise paypal users.
-jason
Twitter is architected (apparently poorly) around a messaging service, where each input results in a web of updates. This is a system that trades off reliability for scalability and certainly cannot become a payment service.
Not to mention, how do you patch on all the security layers make this work?
Also Twitter's market isn't that big if you're comparing it to the market of *cash users who also have cell phones* (everybody) so I would hardly call it's user base a head start.
------------------------------------------------
Dave Winer, father of RSS says “Twitter, as it was conceived, was never meant to live.”
“It’s very possible with better engineering its architecture might have gone on for a few more years, but eventually it would have hit this wall, where there were too many people posting too many twits to too many followers. The scale of the system as conceived rises exponentially.”
So is the end of Twitter getting near? I hope not. Twitter I hope that you are listening and you better start taking things more seriously.
-----------------------------------------------
Here's my two cents.
For instance there are about 100m users of yahoo messenger and usually 2-3 of them talk at a time that means scalability of 300m conversations. On the other hand with 100m twitter users who usually send messages to 100-10,000 other users the scalability required is 10,000m to 10^6m I have never known any current architecture based on webservers to handle such a scale. So according to me Twitter was never meant to live. It is like a concept car that will never see production. Users of twitter don't understand this and they don't care.
They don't know whats happening when the website is down. The sad part is that the best analysts claim that Twitter is a billion dollar company in one year of operations. There is an old saying before the days of when people understood permutation combinations. One peasant asked a king to give him rice equal to the total amount gotten by placing double the number of rice grains on a chess square than the previous square, starting with one rice grain. There are 8x8=64 squares. We seriously need to visit grade 7 mathematics.
I know of only one News/Messaging system that supports around 1 billion users sending messages to all 1 billion users each. Thats a scalability of 10^12m. It is not Web based but rather on a massively scalable serverless P2P architecture based. The team is soft spoken and when I last talked to them I was told that they don't care about money or hype or fame but rather for just the passion of next generation global systems that will stand the test of worldwide use. Its called Mermaid News Mermaid
They have other softwares too but this post is about Twitter and Messaging. Once everyone comprehends basic mathematics that goes behind scalable algorithms they would go past the flashy screen and hype to actually want a system they can trust. To the analysts I would say it is easy to create a business plan, create a hype and raise $20m funding it is far more difficult to create something of use.
We have created, tested and are now deploying such a system that could be integrated or run side-by-side to Twitter, or any other social networking sites.
CREDITZ was designed and built as the transaction engine for the digital economy. We have the capability today, to create micro-merchants using our system. In fact, we can even provide a cash-line micro-rewards system that incentivizes behavior.
We have been testing Twitter internally to see if there is an opportunity. Sounds from these postings that there might be...
We'll keep this blog posted as to our progress...
obopay and the banks. they will have this sorted soon and will dominate this type of transaction. granted they are going after the underbanked and not the overbanked valley twits...
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