<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no"?><rss xmlns:admin="http://webns.net/mvcb/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/" version="2.0">
	<channel>
<title>CMC news</title><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/index.html</link><description>News and Updates from Cambridge MedChem Consulting</description><dc:language>en</dc:language><language>en</language><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><dc:rights>Copyright 2012 Chris Swain</dc:rights><dc:date>2025-12-14T19:32:52+00:00</dc:date><admin:generatorAgent rdf:resource="http://www.realmacsoftware.com/"/>
<admin:errorReportsTo rdf:resource="mailto:swain@mac.com"/><sy:updatePeriod>hourly</sy:updatePeriod>
<sy:updateFrequency>1</sy:updateFrequency>
<sy:updateBase>2000-01-01T12:00+00:00</sy:updateBase>
<lastBuildDate>Sun, 14 Dec 2025 19:38:08 +0000</lastBuildDate><item><title>New Approaches to the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>BMCS</category><dc:date>2025-12-14T19:32:52+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/37fe6fad4c762abd0c4d1e3e87606144-580.html#unique-entry-id-580</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/37fe6fad4c762abd0c4d1e3e87606144-580.html#unique-entry-id-580</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://www.rscbmcs.org/events/parkinsons25/">New Approaches to the Treatment of Parkinson's disease</a> was a great success. Many thanks to everyone who attended, I've written a <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/New%20approaches%20to%20the%20treatment%20of%20Parkinson%E2%80%99s.pdf">brief report of the meeting here</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seasons Greetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2025-12-14T19:06:17+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f63ac0ca140dc11aa706db9dfbd10144-579.html#unique-entry-id-579</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f63ac0ca140dc11aa706db9dfbd10144-579.html#unique-entry-id-579</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As many of you know I don't send Christmas cards, instead I give the monies I would have spent to <a href="https://www.ms-research.org.uk">MS Research</a>.  Have a great time and a successful New Year, </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="IMG_0930" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/img_0930.jpeg" width="3024" height="4032" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>New approaches to the treatment of Parkinson’s</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>BMCS</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2025-06-09T11:06:42+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/493ba583ffb0ec070bb5caf6d7fa9bff-578.html#unique-entry-id-578</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/493ba583ffb0ec070bb5caf6d7fa9bff-578.html#unique-entry-id-578</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I just want to highlight a meeting in November, <a href="https://www.rscbmcs.org/events/parkinsons25/">New approaches to the treatment of Parkinson&rsquo;s</a>, Wednesday, 12th November, 2025, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, W1J 0BA. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>In the dynamic field of drug discovery, the search for new treatments for Parkinson&rsquo;s disease has never been more critical. It is estimated 10 million people worldwide are living with Parkinson&rsquo;s &ndash; a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative condition resulting from the loss of the dopamine-containing cells of the substantia nigra. Motor and non-motor symptoms of the condition are wide ranging  and current treatments only help to manage a small subset of the symptoms and do not modify the disease progression. But there is a wealth of research to find new and better therapeutics for Parkinson&rsquo;s.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>There is a fantastic lineup of speakers, with presentations on the underlying biology and potential targets and 5 drug discovery programmes (and 1 more to come) highlighting some of the different approaches being undertaken. These presentations also underline the challenge of delivering therapeutic agents into the brain and highlight key learnings that would be invaluable to anyone involved in CNS drug discovery. Whilst the oral programme has been completed there is still the opportunity for poster presentation, poster abstract submissions should be emailed to events@hg3.co.uk
Deadline for submissions &ndash; Midnight (BST)  5th September, 2025.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="ChatGPT Image" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/chatgpt-image.png" width="308" height="308" /></p>

<p>Image created with ChatGTP</p>

<p>The RSC-BMCS are offering a small number of bursaries to attend the meeting in person. Applications are open to PhD and post-doctoral applicants studying at academic institutions or non-profit institutions. </p>

<p>Full details are on the conference website <a href="https://www.rscbmcs.org/events/parkinsons25/">https://www.rscbmcs.org/events/parkinsons25/</a> , and registration is now open. <a href="https://registrations.hg3conferences.co.uk/hg3/323/register">https://registrations.hg3conferences.co.uk/hg3/323/register</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Machine Learning for toxicity prediction</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>artificial intelligence</category><category>Toxicity</category><dc:date>2025-05-07T08:01:49+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/af4b895238c2453366fa0480659d6ad1-577.html#unique-entry-id-577</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/af4b895238c2453366fa0480659d6ad1-577.html#unique-entry-id-577</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Recently there has been an effort to reduced the number of animals used in safety studies for new medicines, and part of that effort has been the increased use of machine learning for toxicity prediction. However, this has proved to be very challenging due to the limited and potentially biased data available.</p>

<p>This open access paper describes strategy for future work <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5c00033">DOI</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>We focus on five crucial pillars for success with ML-driven molecular property and toxicity prediction: (1) data set selection, (2) structural representations, (3) model algorithm, (4) model validation, and (5) translation of predictions to decision-making. Understanding these key pillars will foster collaboration and coordination between ML researchers and toxicologists, which will help to advance drug discovery and development.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ENABLE-2 Incubator: Hit validation</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><category>grant funding</category><dc:date>2025-04-09T19:33:41+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b4a73e7f38ade826c46ceafab8b8c41f-576.html#unique-entry-id-576</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b4a73e7f38ade826c46ceafab8b8c41f-576.html#unique-entry-id-576</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.uu.se/en/department/medicinal-chemistry/enable2/enable-2-incubator-hit-validation">ENABLE-2</a> offers evaluation of the antibiotic potential of novel compounds.</p>

<p>(i) Antibacterial activity (MIC) will be measured against selected Gram-negative and Gram-positive species to identify Hits (defined as compounds with wild-type whole cell activity on at least a species of interest).</p>

<p>(ii) Hits will be evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity.</p>

<p>(iii) Limited hit expansion to explore SAR is possible if required by the programme and if ENABLE-2 resources are available.</p>

<p>Researchers at publicly funded universities and research institutes in Europe (including non-EU countries such as UK, Norway, Switzerland etc.) are eligible.</p>

<p>ENABLE-2 bacterial species of interest for Hit to Lead development</p>

<p>E.coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, S. aureus, E. faecium.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>UKRI funding to tackle antimicrobial resistance. </title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><category>grant funding</category><dc:date>2025-03-25T17:21:57+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/41cb793e8dcc6d62e234d8b1f449a9bc-575.html#unique-entry-id-575</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/41cb793e8dcc6d62e234d8b1f449a9bc-575.html#unique-entry-id-575</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/notification-of-intent-transdisciplinary-research-to-tackle-antimicrobial-resistance/?utm_medium=email&amp;utm_source=govdelivery">Transdisciplinary research to tackle antimicrobial resistance</a>. Total fund &pound;15,000,000.</p>

<p>You must be  employed by a research organisation eligible to apply for UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) funding.</p>

<p>Your team and research project will bring new perspectives crossing Councils&rsquo; remits to understand and provide solutions to tackle AMR.</p>

<p>The full economic cost (FEC) of your project can be up to &pound;3,000,000. UKRI will fund at 80% of the FEC.</p>

<p>The duration of the award is up to five years.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Covalent Inhibitors</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Covalent inhibitors</category><dc:date>2025-03-18T19:10:09+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/12d4b6f7b57b0089779aaee1da7f06eb-574.html#unique-entry-id-574</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/12d4b6f7b57b0089779aaee1da7f06eb-574.html#unique-entry-id-574</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/covalent.html">Covalent Inhibitorrs</a> are an increasingly investigated class of drugs. The attraction is the irreversible nature of the binding and subsequent prolonged target engagement.  An invaluable resource for this area of research is the <a href="http://cadd.zju.edu.cn/cidb/">Covalent Inhibitor Database</a> that has recently been updated to version 2.0.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>This updated version includes 8303 inhibitors and 368 targets, supplemented by 3445 newly added cocrystal structures, providing detailed analyses of non-covalent interactions.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The article describing the database is here <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkae946">DOI</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>New approaches to the treatment of Parkinson’s</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>BMCS</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2025-03-17T13:47:37+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7d5394b9cdedec0fb00ddaf98f4b8eb3-573.html#unique-entry-id-573</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7d5394b9cdedec0fb00ddaf98f4b8eb3-573.html#unique-entry-id-573</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The website the the RSC-BMCS conference on New approaches to the treatment of Parkinson&rsquo;s is now live! Details are on the website including registration details. </p>

<p><a href="https://www.rscbmcs.org/events/parkinsons25/">https://www.rscbmcs.org/events/parkinsons25/</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>In the dynamic field of drug discovery, the search for new treatments for Parkinson&rsquo;s disease has never been more critical. It is estimated 10 million people worldwide are living with Parkinson&rsquo;s &ndash; a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative condition resulting from the loss of the dopamine-containing cells of the substantia nigra. Motor and non-motor symptoms of the condition are wide ranging  and current treatments only help to manage a small subset of the symptoms and do not modify the disease progression. But there is a wealth of research to find new and better therapeutics for Parkinson&rsquo;s.</p>

<p>This meeting, specifically designed for professionals dedicated to developing new therapeutics for Parkinson&rsquo;s disease, will highlight current research offering symptomatic relief and disease modifying approaches.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Abstract submissions for Oral and posters are now open and the submission for is here.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.rscbmcs.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Abstract-form.pdf">https://www.rscbmcs.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Abstract-form.pdf</a>, please send the completed forms to events@hg3.co.uk.</p>

<p>Sponsorship and Exhibition opportunities are detailed on the website.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Vaccination</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>vaccine</category><category>immunity</category><category>virus</category><dc:date>2025-02-19T14:06:27+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/64ec3ff42dd031377887cc0d212be80f-572.html#unique-entry-id-572</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/64ec3ff42dd031377887cc0d212be80f-572.html#unique-entry-id-572</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I get regularly asked about vaccinations and whilst I don't work on them directly I regard them as a critical component of the healthcare system, So I've put together page on vaccinations that I hope is reasonably accessible.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/miscellaneous/vaccination.html">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/miscellaneous/vaccination.html</a>.</p>

<p>I'd be happy to add any additional information, or if anyone has a copyright free diagram of the adaptive immune system.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Proof of concept funding</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>grant funding</category><dc:date>2025-01-20T19:46:40+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d67b05c040c6f932c691b6ea567bb55d-571.html#unique-entry-id-571</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d67b05c040c6f932c691b6ea567bb55d-571.html#unique-entry-id-571</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>UKRI have just announced funding for proof of concept to support the commercialisation of research to enable spinouts or social ventures, licensing or other commercialisation pathways. <a href="https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/proof-of-concept/?utm_medium=email&amp;utm_source=govdelivery">Details are here</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Applications from any disciplines are welcomed. No pre-existing UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) funding is required. The programme will not support discovery-driven research. You must be based at a UK research organisation. The full economic cost (FEC) can be up to &pound;250,000 for 12 months duration with a minimum of &pound;100,000 for 6 months. UKRI will fund 80% FEC.</p>

<p>This UKRI funding opportunity aims to de-risk the commercialisation of research. This will allow research organisations and their partners to deliver better commercialisation outcomes via the establishment of successful university spinouts or social ventures, as well as developing applicable solutions through other commercialisation routes to deliver societal and economic impacts and benefits from research.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Antiviral Competition opens Jan 13th</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Computational chemistry</category><category>Docking</category><dc:date>2025-01-05T09:25:33+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/be9da572d3bf5a61dd808ce6c6987a3e-570.html#unique-entry-id-570</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/be9da572d3bf5a61dd808ce6c6987a3e-570.html#unique-entry-id-570</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As part of its open science mission, the ASAP Discovery Consortium is conducting a computational methods competition encompassing several modalities critical to small molecule drug discovery. This competition will be run in collaboration with OpenADMET, which is a new ARPA-H funded project under the Open Molecular Software Foundation (OMSF).</p>

<p>This competition will be composed of three sub-challenges:</p>

<p>Ligand Poses: ASAP has produced a large volume of X-ray crystallography data over its years of operation. Along this trajectory, SARS-CoV-2 Mpro was structurally enabled much earlier than MERS-CoV. This sub-challenge will recreate that situation. Given a training set of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro X-ray structures, participants will be asked to predict poses of a test set of compounds for MERS-CoV Mpro. The crystallography experiments for this sub-challenge were performed by the University of Oxford and Diamond Light Source. See here for the crystallography conditions.</p>

<p>Potency: Given a training set of dose-response fluorescence potency data for both targets (SARS and MERS Mpro), participants will be challenged to predict potencies for a blind set of compounds for both targets. The assays for this sub-challenge were performed by the Weizmann Institute of Science. See here for the experimental conditions.</p>

<p>ADMET: This sub-challenge will consist of multiple ADMET endpoints. Participants will receive training data for all endpoints and will be asked to predict the same endpoints for a blind set of compounds. The assays for this sub-challenge were performed by Bienta.</p>

<p>Full details and preliminary data are available online. <a href="https://polarishub.io/blog/antiviral-competition">https://polarishub.io/blog/antiviral-competition</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ChEMBL 35 is out</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Chembl</category><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2024-12-28T12:12:59+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0e1c35d07d72091fe4df705af337b312-569.html#unique-entry-id-569</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0e1c35d07d72091fe4df705af337b312-569.html#unique-entry-id-569</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The year ends with an update to ChEMBL. This release contains 2.5 million compounds and 1.7 million assays including over 15K drugs or molecules in development.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="chembl35" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/chembl35.png" width="453" height="344" /></p>

<p>You can download the dataset in various formats <a href="https://chembl.gitbook.io/chembl-interface-documentation/downloads">https://chembl.gitbook.io/chembl-interface-documentation/downloads</a>.</p>

<p>Full details of the update are on the ChEMBL blog. <a href="https://chembl.blogspot.com/2024/12/heres-nice-christmas-gift-chembl-35-is.html">https://chembl.blogspot.com/2024/12/heres-nice-christmas-gift-chembl-35-is.html</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seasons Greetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2024-12-12T18:10:38+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cebf0a892d50e47258a18516f9846379-568.html#unique-entry-id-568</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cebf0a892d50e47258a18516f9846379-568.html#unique-entry-id-568</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As many of you know I don't send Christmas cards, instead I give the monies I would have spent to <a href="https://www.ms-research.org.uk">MS Research</a>.  Have a great time and a successful New Year, </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="NZsnow" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/nzsnow.jpg" width="3024" height="4032" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Comparison of protein structure prediction algorithms</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>protein-structure</category><category>artificial intelligence</category><dc:date>2024-12-01T07:29:50+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d3fdb305bd9e2e6d339925259efc15bf-567.html#unique-entry-id-567</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d3fdb305bd9e2e6d339925259efc15bf-567.html#unique-entry-id-567</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The majority of drug targets are proteins and knowledge of the 3D structure of the protein can be very helpful for structure based design.  Whilst the <a href="https://www.rcsb.org">PDB</a> contains 227,933 structures there are still a number of structures that lack structural information. In 2018 Deepmind released AlphaFold an artificial Intelligence program design to predict protein 3D structure from the amino-acid sequence <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/prot.25834">DOI</a>.  Since then there have a series of updates that have included the ability to handle small molecules, co-factors, nucleic acids, protein complexes etc. AlphaFold has been used in collaboration with the EBI to create <a href="https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk">AlphaFold DB</a>  which provides open access to over 200 million protein structures, covering the human proteome and the proteomes of 47 other key organisms important in research and global health. A recent addition is <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-02205-4">Foldseek</a> a protein structural search program that allows users to search the AlphaFold Database.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="pfCAalphafold" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/pfcaalphafold.png" width="841" height="684" /></p>

<p>David Baker, Demis Hassabis and John Jumper were awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. One half of the prize has been awarded to David Baker &ldquo;for computational protein design&rdquo; and the other half jointly to Demis Hassabis and John M. Jumper &ldquo;for protein structure prediction.&rdquo;</p>

<p>Whilst AphaFold gets much of the publicity, it has served to spawn a number of related programs, comparison of the different options is difficult especially when looking at the various licensing options. Fortunately, Brian Naughton has posted a very useful summary. <a href="http://blog.booleanbiotech.com/alphafold3-boltz-chai1.html">http://blog.booleanbiotech.com/alphafold3-boltz-chai1.html</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>CSD, ChEMBL, PDBe now interlinked</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Chembl</category><category>PDB</category><category>CSD</category><dc:date>2024-10-28T08:30:13+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9d7fbcaacbd4259470794127a243b2d7-566.html#unique-entry-id-566</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9d7fbcaacbd4259470794127a243b2d7-566.html#unique-entry-id-566</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Three critical databases for drug discovery are now interlinked. The <a href="https://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/solutions/software/csd/">Cambridge Structural Database</a> (CSD) a curated repository of small molecule crystal structures, <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/">ChEMBL</a> a manually curated database of bioactive molecules with their associated biological data and <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/">PDBe</a> a founding member of the Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB) which collects, organises and disseminates data on biological macromolecular structures, are now interlinked.</p>

<p>The <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/about/news/updates-from-data-resources/biochemgraph-data/">BioChemGraph</a> (BCG) project tackles the challenge of linking diverse data in biology by creating a resource that integrates data from the PDBe, ChEMBL, and the CSD. This has been achieved by mappings UniProt Accession ID and compound InChIKey, linkingmore than 17,000 experimentally determined protein-ligand complexes from the PDB to about 39,000 ChEMBL bioactivity records.  By providing this link it is possible to not only identify binding affinity for the selected target but also much more information about the small molecule ligand, such as off-target activities, calculated physicochemical properties and also any ADME/T data that might be available. All data can be downloaded as a tsv as shown below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="pde_chembl" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/pde_chembl.png" width="894" height="111" /></p>

<p>ChEMBL and PDBe have collaborated to set up an automatic pipeline for generating these data. As a result, the data will be updated weekly, in sync with the PDBe release every Wednesday at 00.00 UTC.</p>

<p>InChis have also been used to interconnect with Cambridge Structural Database using <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/unichem/">UniChem</a>, 235,000 CSD identifiers have been linked corresponding entries in UniChem, a &ldquo;universal translator&rdquo; for chemistry using InChIs to connect chemical structures and their identifiers across various databases. UniChem enables researchers to seamlessly access information about a specific molecule across a wide variety of data sources.  There are currently 41 data sources (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/unichem/sources).</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>AlphaProteo generates novel proteins </title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>artificial intelligence</category><category>protein-protein interactions</category><dc:date>2024-09-05T16:20:35+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ad13547e805f97de2dce9edebe792efb-565.html#unique-entry-id-565</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ad13547e805f97de2dce9edebe792efb-565.html#unique-entry-id-565</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Protein protein interactions are always a challenge to optimise and it looks like the latest offering from Google DeepMind may be of significant help.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Protein binders that can bind tightly to a target protein are hard to design. Traditional methods are time intensive, requiring multiple rounds of extensive lab work. After the binders are created, they undergo additional experimental rounds to optimize binding affinity, so they bind tightly enough to be usefu</p>
</blockquote>

<p><a href="https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/DeepMind.com/Blog/alphaproteo-generates-novel-proteins-for-biology-and-health-research/Protein_Design_White_Paper_2024.pdf">AlphaProteo</a> generates novel proteins that bind to other proteins. Given the structure of a target molecule and a set of preferred binding locations on that molecule, AlphaProteo generates a candidate protein that binds to the target at those locations.</p>

<p>Whilst code is not available, note</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>If you&rsquo;re a biologist, whose research could benefit from target-specific protein binding, and you&rsquo;d like to register interest in being a trusted tester for AlphaProteo, please reach out to us on alphaproteo@google.com.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Privileged Structures</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Privileged Structures</category><dc:date>2024-07-14T12:39:05+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6298dd2c80a685404513349f78924932-564.html#unique-entry-id-564</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6298dd2c80a685404513349f78924932-564.html#unique-entry-id-564</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The term "<a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/privileged_structures.html">privileged structures</a>" was first coined by Ben Evans DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00120a002" target="self" rel="external">10.1021/jm00120a002</a> who recognised the potential of certain regularly occurring structural motifs as templates for derivatization to discovery novel ligands for binding to proteins. In this seminal paper they identified a benzodiazepine and substituted indole as key structures in their work to yield CCK antagonists.</p>

<p>Two very popular privileged structures are N-benzyl piperidine and N-benzyl piperazine. They offer a variety of different <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">interactions</a> (pi-stacking, hydrophobic, electrostatic) with a relatively well defined 3D structure.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="NBP" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/nbp.png" width="530" height="104" /></p>

<p>A recent publication gives a very nice summary of their use in drug discovery <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cmdc.202400384">DOI</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Abstract
The N-benzyl piperidine (N-BP) structural motif is commonly employed in drug discovery due to its structural flexibility and three-dimensional nature. Medicinal chemists frequently utilize the N-BP motif as a versatile tool to fine-tune both efficacy and physicochemical properties in drug development. It provides crucial cation-&pi; interactions with the target protein and also serves as a platform for optimizing stereochemical aspects of potency and toxicity. This motif is found in numerous approved drugs and clinical/preclinical candidates. This review focuses on the applications of the N-BP motif in drug discovery campaigns, emphasizing its role in imparting medicinally relevant properties. We provide an overview of approved drugs, the clinical and preclinical pipeline, and discuss its utility for specific therapeutic targets and indications, along with potential challenges.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug-Induced Liver injury prediction</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>DILI</category><category>Hepatotoxicity</category><dc:date>2024-07-12T08:03:28+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e40670b114833649c7e71015c616c3b5-563.html#unique-entry-id-563</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e40670b114833649c7e71015c616c3b5-563.html#unique-entry-id-563</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Many compounds can cause liver injury, after oral administration the first major organ exposed is the liver. The <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547852/">LiverTox</a> is a database of information on the diagnosis, cause, frequency, patterns, and management of liver injury attributable to prescription and nonprescription medications, herbals and dietary supplements.</p>

<p>Checking for the potential to cause liver injury is an important part of the drug discovery process and there are a number of <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/toxicity/hepatotoxicity.html">in vitro and in vivo assays</a> that can be used. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>High dose studies in safety species are undertaken to identify potential toxicities and to determine safety margins, Clinically, the most relevant reactions include liver necrosis, hepatitis, cholestasis, vascular changes and steatosis. A drug can cause liver toxicity via multiple mechanisms, it can be the result of a direct action of the parent compound or indirectly through reactive metabolites. The drug or its metabolites may cause liver toxicity after specific receptor binding, or reactive metabolites can react with hepatic macromolecules, all leading to direct cytotoxicity. In addition, Immune-mediated idiosyncratic drug reaction has been responsible for numerous serious hepatotoxic events in humans</p>
</blockquote>

<p>It would be useful to be able to predict ahead of synthesis whether a molecule was likely to cause liver injury and that is the function of DILIpredictor <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00015">DOI</a>.  Using data form several thousand molecules and a variety of different assays (both in vitro and in vivo) and different species the authors have developed a predictive model. The attraction of this approach is in addition to giving an early flag of potential DILI it also highlights potential species differences and can give an insight into the mechanism.</p>

<p>DILIPredictor required only chemical structures as input for prediction and is publicly available at <a href="https://broad.io/DILIPredictor">https://broad.io/DILIPredictor</a> for use via web interface (please don't submit confidential molecules) and with all code available for download from GitHub</p>

<p><a href="https://github.com/srijitseal/DILI_Predictor">https://github.com/srijitseal/DILI_Predictor</a></p>

<p>I installed like this since it currently does not run with the latest version of python</p>

<pre><code>conda create -n DILIpred python=3.10
conda activate DILIpred

pip install DILIpred
</code></pre>

<p>It can then beinstalled as follows.</p>

<pre><code>conda create -n DILIpred python=3.10
conda activate DILIpred

pip install DILIpred
</code></pre>

<p>It can then be usef as follows</p>

<pre><code>(DILIpred) chrisswain@Mac-Studio ~ % dilipred -smiles "C[C@@H]1C2=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C"
</code></pre>

<p>If you use DILIPred in your work, please cite:
Improved Detection of Drug-Induced Liver Injury by Integrating Predicted In Vivo and In Vitro Data
Srijit Seal, Dominic Williams, Layla Hosseini-Gerami, Manas Mahale, Anne E. Carpenter, Ola Spjuth, and Andreas Bender
doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00015</p>

<p>100%███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████ 1/1 [00:01&lt;00:00,  1.14s/it] 
2024-07-12 08:29:44.777 | CRITICAL | dilipred.main:predict:458 - The compound is predicted DILI-Positive</p>

<p>The detailed output is contained in a file created.</p>

<p>source,assaytype,description,value,pred,SHAP contribution to
Toxicity,SHAP,smiles,smiles<em>r DILI,DILIst</em>FDA,This is the predicted FDA
DILIst
label,0.8187885151383966,1,N/A,N/A,C[C@@H]1C2=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=
C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O)c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Diverse
DILI C,Heterogenous Data ,"Transient liver function abnormalities,
adverse hepatic
effects",0.7393781727510759,True,Positive,0.003926801602711443,C[C@@H]
1C2=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O
)c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 BESP,Mechanisms of Liver Toxicity,BESP Bile Salt
Export Pump
Inhibition,0.5655727513227511,True,Positive,0.0003070244326849143,C[C@@H
]1C2=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=
O)c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Mitotox,Mechanisms of Liver Toxicity,Mitotox
,0.10973983865879627,False,Positive,0.0006130947805277731,C[C@@H]1C2=NN=
C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O)c2ccc(
F)cc2)C3C)n1 Reactive Metabolite,Mechanisms of Liver Toxicity,Reactive
Metabolite
Formation,0.19967540492325553,False,Negative,-0.001048102741727997,C[C@@
H]1C2=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(
=O)c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Human hepatotoxicity,Human hepatotoxicity,"Human
hepatotoxicity,
hepatobiallry",0.7196576912119554,True,Positive,0.007802364907899422,C[C
@@H]1C2=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(
C(=O)c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Animal hepatotoxicity A,Animal
hepatotoxicity,"Rat, chronic oral administration, Hepatic
histopathologic effects,
ToxRefDB",0.5867747455286331,True,Positive,0.0030731971130978854,C[C@@H]
1C2=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O
)c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Animal hepatotoxicity B,Animal
hepatotoxicity,"Hepatocellular hypertrophy, rats, ORAD,
HESS",0.6646590439473917,True,Positive,0.0013360236463188587,C[C@@H]1C2=
NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O)
c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Preclinical hepatotoxicity,Animal
hepatotoxicity,"Preclinical hepatotoxicity data from PharmaPendium,
Leadscopre, and internal repository with 14- to 28-day rat study
data",0.8576928962241468,True,Positive,0.011692057666492625,C[C@@H]1C2=
NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O)
c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Diverse DILI A,Heterogenous Data ,Large-scale and
diverse ddrug induced liver injury
dataset,0.6324274304660036,True,Positive,0.003398315762493277,C[C@@H]1C2
=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O)
c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 source,assaytype,description,value,pred,SHAP
contribution to Toxicity,SHAP,smiles,smiles<em>r DILI,DILIst</em>FDA,This is
the predicted FDA DILIst
label,0.8187885151383966,1,N/A,N/A,C[C@@H]1C2=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=
C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O)c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Diverse
DILI C,Heterogenous Data ,"Transient liver function abnormalities,
adverse hepatic
effects",0.7393781727510759,True,Positive,0.003926801602711443,C[C@@H]
1C2=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O
)c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 BESP,Mechanisms of Liver Toxicity,BESP Bile Salt
Export Pump
Inhibition,0.5655727513227511,True,Positive,0.0003070244326849143,C[C@@H
]1C2=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=
O)c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Mitotox,Mechanisms of Liver Toxicity,Mitotox
,0.10973983865879627,False,Positive,0.0006130947805277731,C[C@@H]1C2=NN=
C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O)c2ccc(
F)cc2)C3C)n1 Reactive Metabolite,Mechanisms of Liver Toxicity,Reactive
Metabolite
Formation,0.19967540492325553,False,Negative,-0.001048102741727997,C[C@@
H]1C2=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(
=O)c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Human hepatotoxicity,Human hepatotoxicity,"Human
hepatotoxicity,
hepatobiallry",0.7196576912119554,True,Positive,0.007802364907899422,C[C
@@H]1C2=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(
C(=O)c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Animal hepatotoxicity A,Animal
hepatotoxicity,"Rat, chronic oral administration, Hepatic
histopathologic effects,
ToxRefDB",0.5867747455286331,True,Positive,0.0030731971130978854,C[C@@H]
1C2=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O
)c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Animal hepatotoxicity B,Animal
hepatotoxicity,"Hepatocellular hypertrophy, rats, ORAD,
HESS",0.6646590439473917,True,Positive,0.0013360236463188587,C[C@@H]1C2=
NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O)
c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Preclinical hepatotoxicity,Animal
hepatotoxicity,"Preclinical hepatotoxicity data from PharmaPendium,
Leadscopre, and internal repository with 14- to 28-day rat study
data",0.8576928962241468,True,Positive,0.011692057666492625,C[C@@H]1C2=
NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O)
c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1 Diverse DILI A,Heterogenous Data ,Large-scale and
diverse ddrug induced liver injury
dataset,0.6324274304660036,True,Positive,0.003398315762493277,C[C@@H]1C2
=NN=C(N2CCN1C(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=NC(=NS4)C,Cc1nsc(-c2nnc3n2CCN(C(=O)
c2ccc(F)cc2)C3C)n1</p>

<p>Overall a useful tool to have to hand.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>CCDC: Curated Data Set of Protein Structures </title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>PDB</category><category>CCDC</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><dc:date>2024-07-01T19:13:50+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/28b806d447220fe237e35fb0b145460c-562.html#unique-entry-id-562</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/28b806d447220fe237e35fb0b145460c-562.html#unique-entry-id-562</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Fantastic news from the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC), a curated data set of protein structures from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) with predicted hydrogen positions is now available for download. The dataset is taken from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and has the positions of hydrogens accurately computed, this provides a comprehensive snapshot of protein cavities in the PDB, identifying potential binding sites for small molecules with accurately predicted hydrogen positions for all components.</p>

<p>The news article is here <a href="https://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/discover/blog/accelerating-drug-discovery-with-the-ccdc-aws-and-intel/">https://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/discover/blog/accelerating-drug-discovery-with-the-ccdc-aws-and-intel/</a>.</p>

<p>This large subset of the protein data bank which has be processed using the CCDC's protonation workflow so that reasonable proton positions have been modelled can be downloaded here.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/support-and-resources/downloads/">https://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/support-and-resources/downloads/</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>LLM for Drug Discovery</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>artificial intelligence</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2024-06-25T06:52:07+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c1d1d692bda09f7331cf8c2a0f632dc6-561.html#unique-entry-id-561</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c1d1d692bda09f7331cf8c2a0f632dc6-561.html#unique-entry-id-561</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Whilst general large language models have hit the headlines in recent years, there is a school of thought that smaller domain specific models may actually more useful, in particular in areas like chemistry <a href="https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/dd/d2dd00087c">https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/dd/d2dd00087c</a> and <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.09391">https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.09391</a>.</p>

<p>A recent preprint describes Tx-LLM  a large language model (LLM) for drug discovery <a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.06316">https://arxiv.org/pdf/2406.06316</a>.  This work from Google Research and Google DeepMind details Tx-LLM, a LLM specifically designed to enhance drug discovery.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Developing therapeutics is a lengthy and expensive process that requires the satisfaction of many different criteria, and AI models capable of expediting the process would be invaluable. However, the majority of current AI approaches address only a narrowly defined set of tasks, often circumscribed within a particular domain. To bridge this gap, we introduce Tx-LLM, a generalist large language model (LLM) fine-tuned from PaLM-2 which encodes knowledge about diverse therapeutic modalities. Tx-LLM is trained using a collection of 709 datasets that target 66 tasks spanning various stages of the drug discovery pipeline. Using a single set of weights, Tx-LLM simultaneously processes a wide variety of chemical or biological entities (small molecules, proteins, nucleic acids, cell lines, diseases) interleaved with free-text, allowing it to predict a broad range of associated properties, achieving competitive with state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance on 43 out of 66 tasks and exceeding SOTA on 22. Among these, Tx-LLM is particularly powerful and exceeds best-in-class performance on average for tasks combining molecular SMILES representations with text such as cell line names or disease names, likely due to context learned during pretraining. We observe evidence of positive transfer between tasks with diverse drug types (e.g., tasks involving small molecules and tasks involving proteins), and we study the impact of model size, domain finetuning, and prompting strategies
on performance. We believe Tx-LLM represents an important step towards LLMs encoding biochemical knowledge and could have a future role as an end-to-end tool across the drug discovery development pipeline.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The model was trained using 709 drug discovery datasets comprising 66 tasks formatted for instruction tuning from Therapeutics instruction Tuning (TxT) <a href="https://tdcommons.ai">https://tdcommons.ai</a> collection for tasks across the drug discovery spectrum. These tasks include:</p>

<ul>
<li>Evaluating drug efficacy and safety.</li>
<li>Predicting molecular targets.</li>
<li>Assessing the ease of manufacturing drugs.</li>
</ul>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>MRC grant for collaboration</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>grant funding</category><category>MRC</category><dc:date>2024-06-13T16:17:40+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a382a9945d127a9279b136208125201a-560.html#unique-entry-id-560</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a382a9945d127a9279b136208125201a-560.html#unique-entry-id-560</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Biomedical research often requires collaborations between scientists with different skills so I'm always delighted to highlight grants that help foster collaboration.</p>

<p>This opportunity is intended to support new partnerships between diverse groups of researchers within the remit of Medical Research Council (MRC).</p>

<p>The grant will allow you to:</p>

<p>Establish new, high-value collaborative activities or capabilities<br>
Add value to high-quality scientific programmes that are already supported by grants from MRC and other funders<br></p>

<p>Funding is available for between one and five years</p>

<p>More details here <a href="https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/responsive-mode-partnership/?utm_medium=email&amp;utm_source=govdelivery">https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/responsive-mode-partnership/?utm<em>medium=email&amp;utm</em>source=govdelivery</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>EMBL-EBI User Survey 2024</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ebi</category><dc:date>2024-05-20T15:03:11+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9283c2682fab9b175ee4349139da9ae0-559.html#unique-entry-id-559</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9283c2682fab9b175ee4349139da9ae0-559.html#unique-entry-id-559</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I suspect many of the readers of this site have used some of EMBL-EBI resources and tools are some time.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>EMBL&rsquo;s European Bioinformatics Institute maintains the world&rsquo;s most comprehensive range of freely available and up-to-date molecular data resources.</p>
</blockquote>

<p><a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/services/data-resources-and-tools">https://www.ebi.ac.uk/services/data-resources-and-tools</a>.</p>

<p>These of course include the <a href="https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk">Alphafold database</a>. <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/">ChEMBL</a>, <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe-srv/pdbechem/">PDB in Europe</a> and much. Much more.</p>

<p>In order to support continued funding they do regular user surveys, and the latest is now online.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/HJKYKTT">https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/HJKYKTT</a></p>

<p>It takes around 15 mins to complete so please take a tea break and fill it in.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Small molecule High Throughput Screen using AstraZeneca facilities</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><category>grant funding</category><dc:date>2024-04-25T15:46:22+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/aa8afc15631bce13faa0587742aa6f14-558.html#unique-entry-id-558</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/aa8afc15631bce13faa0587742aa6f14-558.html#unique-entry-id-558</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This is a really interesting opportunity. With the demise of the European Lead Factory access to a large, high quality screening deck is very limited.</p>

<p>The MRC now have a unique funding opportunity, a chance to screen against the AstraZeneca screening deck.
<a href="https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/develop-new-approaches-to-small-molecule-medicine/?utm_medium=email&amp;utm_source=govdelivery">https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/develop-new-approaches-to-small-molecule-medicine/?utm<em>medium=email&amp;utm</em>source=govdelivery</a>.</p>

<p>Funding priority in this round will be given to applications related to fibrosis or extracellular matrix targets.</p>

<p>Two funding opportunities a year with new thematic focus each round. Future areas will include:</p>

<ul>
<li>autoimmunity</li>
<li>pain</li>
<li>motor neuron disease</li>
<li>mental health</li>
<li>dementias (including Parkinson&rsquo;s and Huntington&rsquo;s)</li>
<li>women&rsquo;s health (including related to metabolic disorders)</li>
</ul>

<p>Often the challenge for small groups is optimisation of the assay to make it suitable for HTS, so it is great this is also to be funded and AZ will provide technical advice</p>

<p>What will funded, costs related to the staff and consumable costs incurred at AstraZencea for the optimisation and execution of the High Throughput Screen (HTS). These include:</p>

<ul>
<li>&pound;20,000 (100% FEC Exceptions) &ndash; Optimisation and establishment of an HTS</li>
<li>&pound;150,000 (100% FEC Exceptions) &ndash; Execution of the HTS</li>
<li>cost of travel, accommodation and subsistence for a host institution researcher to work at AstraZeneca in Cambridge for three months (80% FEC)</li>
<li>costs for elements of the screening cascade that cannot be undertaken at AstraZeneca and must be undertaken at the host organisation (80% FEC)</li>
<li>minimal %FTE for the project lead (80% FEC)</li>
</ul>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Deconstruction of a screening hit</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2024-04-08T19:27:22+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/871e53743f856ff41d64a09d1caabcdc-557.html#unique-entry-id-557</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/871e53743f856ff41d64a09d1caabcdc-557.html#unique-entry-id-557</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One strategy to investigate screening hits is to simplify the structure to identify the minimum pharmacophore . Whilst lower in affinity the result will have lower molecular weight and LogP. Indeed the molecule may now occupy "fragment space". When I presented this at the recent Fragments meeting a member of the audience coined the phrase "Deconstruction of a screening hit" and several people used the phrase subsequently so perhaps it will used in the future.</p>

<p>Details are here <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/deconstruct.html">Deconstruction of a screening hit</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Deconstruct1" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/deconstruct1.png" width="731" height="308" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Artificial intelligence, engineering biology and quantum technologies: Funding Opportunity</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>artificial intelligence</category><category>MRC</category><category>grant funding</category><dc:date>2024-04-02T20:35:02+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/14b90be26c119524f4c56ea17c9506f3-556.html#unique-entry-id-556</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/14b90be26c119524f4c56ea17c9506f3-556.html#unique-entry-id-556</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/artificial-intelligence-engineering-biology-and-quantum-technologies-highlight-notice/?utm_medium=email&amp;utm_source=govdelivery">An interesting opportunity</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Apply for funding for the application of artificial intelligence (AI), engineering biology, and quantum technologies in biomedical research and development.</p>

<p>You must be based at a UK research organisation eligible for MRC funding.</p>

<p>You can get funding through any grants from MRC responsive mode or translation funding opportunities. You should apply through the existing funding opportunity that is most relevant to your science area and career stage.</p>

<p>We will usually fund up to 80% of your project&rsquo;s full economic cost.</p>

<p>This highlight notice will be open from 1 April 2024 to 31 March 2025. Applications submitted in this window will be considered for this highlight opportunity. For individual application closing dates refer to the relevant MRC funding opportunity.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>9th Fragment-based Drug Discovery Meeting slides</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>Conferences</category><category>BMCS</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2024-03-06T09:04:49+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b8981f74bff2ea213f7d791ce85710cf-555.html#unique-entry-id-555</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b8981f74bff2ea213f7d791ce85710cf-555.html#unique-entry-id-555</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I'm just back from the 9th Fragment-based Drug Discovery Meeting <a href="https://www.rscbmcs.org/events/fragments24/">https://www.rscbmcs.org/events/fragments24/</a> another fabulous meeting and always great to hear about the multitude of ways that Fragments are impacting drug discovery, from target identification, hit discovery to lead optimisation. A number of people asked if the slides from my talk would be available. </p>

<p>Hopefully this link will be accessible to everyone.</p>

<p><a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/FragHitsMar2024.pdf">http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/FragHitsMar2024.pdf</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>9th Fragment-based Drug Discovery Meeting</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2024-03-03T09:33:33+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/53c18f729020f3ae9b2688ef275332ad-554.html#unique-entry-id-554</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/53c18f729020f3ae9b2688ef275332ad-554.html#unique-entry-id-554</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I'll be heading over to the 9th Fragment-based Drug Discovery Meeting <a href="https://www.rscbmcs.org/events/fragments24/">https://www.rscbmcs.org/events/fragments24/</a> later today.  This event is one of the high points in the Drug Discovery calendar. I'm sure there will be plenty to add to the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment-Based Screening</a> section on the Drug Discovery Resources Website.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The aim of the 9th RSC-BMCS Fragment-based Drug Discovery meeting will be to continue the focus on case studies in Fragment-based Drug Discovery that have delivered compounds to late stage medicinal chemistry, preclinical or clinical programmes. The Fragment series was started in 2007 and continues with this theme in having over three-quarters of the presentations focused on case studies. This will be complemented by technology progress in high concentration, NMR, SPR and X-ray screening.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>BMCS Hot Topics Meetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>BMCS</category><category>Covalent inhibitors</category><dc:date>2024-02-12T16:05:34+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/648a214a90345fceb944825733610293-553.html#unique-entry-id-553</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/648a214a90345fceb944825733610293-553.html#unique-entry-id-553</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The next meeting is Hot Topics: Covalent Drug Discovery 2024, this online event is on Thursday 16th May, 2024 (afternoon).</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="First-page-image" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/first-page-image.jpg" width="613" height="870" /></p>

<p><span style="font-size:14px; color:#053762;font-weight:bold; "><a href="https://www.eventsforce.net/hg3/280/home" target="_blank">To register for the meeting, click here</a></span><span style="font-size:14px; color:#636363;">
</span><span style="font-size:14px; color:#053762;font-weight:bold; "><a href="https://cdn.eventsforce.net/files/ef-px6ci6a56tzs/website/280/final_hot_topics_covalent_inhibitions_2024_poster.pdf" target="_blank">To download the first announcement poster, click here</a></span></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>RSC Pharmaceutics has just published its first articles</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>journals</category><category>Pharmaceutics</category><dc:date>2024-02-06T15:00:46+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/71ca730eb7545c5841b85fa32acb8b16-552.html#unique-entry-id-552</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/71ca730eb7545c5841b85fa32acb8b16-552.html#unique-entry-id-552</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Pharmaceutics plays a critical role in drug discovery however since it is often regarded as a development process it is not always given the prominence in basic research that it deserves. The pharmaceutical properties of a drug are absolutely critical in the success of a drug discovery project so I'm delighted to see a new open-access RSC journal on the topic</p>

<p>RSC Pharmaceutics has just published its first articles, <a href="https://pubs.rsc.org/en/journals/journalissues/pm#!recentarticles&amp;adv">https://pubs.rsc.org/en/journals/journalissues/pm#!recentarticles&amp;adv</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>BBSRC follow-on fund</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>grant funding</category><category>BBSRC</category><dc:date>2024-01-24T15:39:27+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0a5d657c14dcec283987fa77d53ebd40-551.html#unique-entry-id-551</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0a5d657c14dcec283987fa77d53ebd40-551.html#unique-entry-id-551</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/grant_funds.html">Grant funding</a> is a great way of starting of work on novel targets, getting funding to continue the work can be more of an issue. This why I'm delighted to read about the BBSRC follow-on fund to help bridge the gap.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/bbsrc-follow-on-fund-2024-round-1/">BBSRC follow-on fund</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>FoF applications must draw substantially on current or prior BBSRC funding. You must be based at a UK research organisation eligible for BBSRC funding.</p>

<p>FoF awards aim to take ideas through to a stage where the route to practical application is clear.</p>

<p>The full economic cost (FEC) of your project can be up to &pound;800,000. BBSRC will fund 80% of the FEC. FoF awards support defined programmes of work for up to two years.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug design data sets for testing computational tools</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><dc:date>2024-01-04T09:48:43+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f95a4e64c92ca151b10f7565c2f98e7b-550.html#unique-entry-id-550</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f95a4e64c92ca151b10f7565c2f98e7b-550.html#unique-entry-id-550</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One of the challenges when building novel tools to aid drug discovery is identifying high quality datasets that can be used to test new tools. This is why the D3R datasets are so valuable <a href="https://drugdesigndata.org">https://drugdesigndata.org</a>.</p>

<p>These datasets are available from <a href="https://www.bindingdb.org/rwd/bind/ByD3R.jsp">BindingDB</a> and include a variety of important protein targets.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.bindingdb.org/rwd/bind/ByD3R.jsp" target="_blank"><img class="imageStyle" alt="D3Rdatasets" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d3rdatasets.png" width="745" height="313" /></a></p>

<p>The targets include <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathepsin_S">CathepsinS</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-secretase_1">BACE1</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABL_(gene">ABL1</a>) and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janus_kinase_2">JAK2</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="5aep_assembly-1" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5aep_assembly-1.jpeg" width="500" height="500" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seasons Greetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2023-12-18T09:21:46+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a2a4e0a2d6966a810d0527091f94f50f-549.html#unique-entry-id-549</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a2a4e0a2d6966a810d0527091f94f50f-549.html#unique-entry-id-549</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I hope you all have a great seasonal holiday, it has been a tough few years for folks so I think everyone needs a break. As Bad Company sang in Wishing Well.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>But I know what you're wishing for, Love in a peaceful world</p>
</blockquote>

<p>As in previous years rather post cards to everyone, instead any monies saved have been donated to the <a href="https://www.mssociety.org.uk/get-involved/fundraise/stop-ms">Multiple Sclerosis Society</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="sunrise" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/sunrise.jpg" width="807" height="605" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>SureChEMBL Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Patents</category><category>Databases</category><category>Surechembl</category><dc:date>2023-12-09T15:11:17+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0fc5e83b3b50ee69379288748df3878d-548.html#unique-entry-id-548</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0fc5e83b3b50ee69379288748df3878d-548.html#unique-entry-id-548</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>SureChEMBL is a database of automatically abstracted patents, it uses three different methods to get structures, name to structure, image to structure and for some patents mol files if available. If you use it regularly you will be aware that it has become somewhat unreliable and the performance is not ideal.</p>

<p>This has just changed with an updated version of SureChEMBL.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Almost 10 years ago, EMBL-EBI acquired the SureChem system of chemically annotated patents and made this freely accessible in the public domain as SureChEMBL. Since then, our team has continued to maintain and deliver SureChEMBL. However, this has become increasingly challenging due to the complexities of the underlying codebase. We were awarded a Wellcome Trust grant in 2021 to completely overhaul SureChEMBL, with a new UI, backend infrastructure, and new features. We are now able to make available the first outputs from this project, which addresses the first two of these deliverables, with more to come in the future!</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The new interface is here <a href="https://www.surechembl.org">https://www.surechembl.org</a></p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="surechembl" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/surechembl.png" width="1014" height="536" /></p>

<p>If you have any issues you can submit them on GitHub <a href="https://github.com/chembl/surechembl-issues/issues">https://github.com/chembl/surechembl-issues/issues</a>.</p>

<p>One particularly useful new feature is the new public api. <a href="https://www.surechembl.org/api/swagger-ui.html">https://www.surechembl.org/api/swagger-ui.html</a>. I'll certainly be exploring this in the future.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Molecular Interactions Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Molecular interactions</category><dc:date>2023-11-12T09:21:18+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/88b620f91858c1aa0e238762837427d0-547.html#unique-entry-id-547</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/88b620f91858c1aa0e238762837427d0-547.html#unique-entry-id-547</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've updated the Molecular Interactions page on the Drug Discovery Resources site.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Separation of PK and PD</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Pk/pd</category><dc:date>2023-11-10T19:27:07+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/045acd917aca334fc4bb2c4e20c5f613-546.html#unique-entry-id-546</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/045acd917aca334fc4bb2c4e20c5f613-546.html#unique-entry-id-546</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Just catching up with my reading,  I've always been a fan of compounds with slow off-rates and the impact on duration of action.</p>

<p>The situation was elegantly summarised in a publication from earlier in the year from Copeland et al. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.16104">DOI</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>A dominant assumption in pharmacology throughout the 20th century has been that in vivo target occupancy-and attendant pharmacodynamics-depends on the systemic concentration of drug relative to the equilibrium dissociation constant for the drug-target complex. In turn, the duration of pharmacodynamics is temporally linked to the systemic pharmacokinetics of the drug. Yet, there are many examples of drugs for which pharmacodynamic effect endures long after the systemic concentration of a drug has waned to (equilibrium) insignificant levels. To reconcile such data, the drug-target residence time model was formulated, positing that it is the lifetime (or residence time) of the binary drug-target complex, and not its equilibrium affinity per se, that determines the extent and duration of drug pharmacodynamics. </p>
</blockquote>

<p>I've added it to the page on <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/seppkandpd.html">separation of PK and PD</a> in the Drug Discovery Resources</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>AlphaFold Protein Structure Database in 2024</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>protein-structure</category><category>artificial intelligence</category><category>ebi</category><dc:date>2023-11-03T20:22:08+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cf22c8058e3898dd3cff95a6ce8e4edb-545.html#unique-entry-id-545</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cf22c8058e3898dd3cff95a6ce8e4edb-545.html#unique-entry-id-545</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A recent publication describes the continued evolution of the <a href="https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/">AlphaFold Protein Structure Database</a> created by EMBL-EBI and DeepMind. From an initial 300K structures it now contains 214 million predicted protein structures.</p>

<p>You can read the paper here  <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkad1011">DOI</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The AlphaFold Database Protein Structure Database (AlphaFold DB, https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk) has significantly impacted structural biology by amassing over 214 million predicted protein structures, expanding from the initial 300k structures released in 2021. Enabled by the groundbreaking AlphaFold2 artificial intelligence (AI) system, the predictions archived in AlphaFold DB have been integrated into primary data resources such as PDB, UniProt, Ensembl, InterPro and MobiDB. Our manuscript details subsequent enhancements in data archiving, covering successive releases encompassing model organisms, global health proteomes, Swiss-Prot integration, and a host of curated protein datasets. We detail the data access mechanisms of AlphaFold DB, from direct file access via FTP to advanced queries using Google Cloud Public Datasets and the programmatic access endpoints of the database. We also discuss the improvements and services added since its initial release, including enhancements to the Predicted Aligned Error viewer, customisation options for the 3D viewer, and improvements in the search engine of AlphaFold DB.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>BMCS Hall of Fame</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>BMCS</category><dc:date>2023-10-12T15:53:54+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6ba45181730a3135e00b9786c17fdeff-544.html#unique-entry-id-544</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6ba45181730a3135e00b9786c17fdeff-544.html#unique-entry-id-544</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The BMCS have announced that nomination is open for the 2024 Hall of Fame award.</p>

<p>Details are here <a href="https://www.rscbmcs.org/awards/halloffame/">https://www.rscbmcs.org/awards/halloffame/</a>.</p>

<p>Previous winners include</p>

<p>Dr Karin Briner, 
Professor Dame Carol Robinson, 
Dr David Rees, 
Sir Simon Campbell, 
Professor C Robin Ganellin, </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>EU restrictions on Fluorochemicals</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><category>Metabolism</category><dc:date>2023-09-09T09:51:45+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/87277caeb68e30a3f80b1428be691b63-543.html#unique-entry-id-543</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/87277caeb68e30a3f80b1428be691b63-543.html#unique-entry-id-543</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In drug discovery the introduction of fluorine into potential drug candidates is an essential part of the medicinal chemists toolbox. Blocking a metabolic hotspot by replacing a Hydrogen by Fluorine or deactivating and aromatic ring by adding a trifluoromethyl are well established strategies for reducing metabolism, increasing half-life and reducing drug load. There are more details on the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/metabolism.html]. In addition, the electron-withdrawing properties of fluorine can be used to [modulate basicity of amines](https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/tuning_bases.html">metabolism page</a> and influence [pi-stacking interactionshttps://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html). </p>

<p>I have a database of all drugs that have been reported to be in phase 3 trials or later (not all will have made it to market) and it is interesting to see how many contain a fluorine atom of some kind. As expected Aryl F and CF3 are the most common </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Fluorochemicals" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fluorochemicals.png" width="225" height="399" /></p>

<p>A few examples are shown below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="CF3drugs" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cf3drugs.png" width="756" height="553" /></p>

<p>There are also other classes of molecules like perflexane which is used as an imaging contrast agent in echocardiogram. Halothane used clinically as an inhalational anesthetic (on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines) and other inhaled anesthetics.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="imagingagents" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/imagingagents.png" width="756" height="276" /></p>

<p>So at first sight the EFMC statement was of some concern.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>EFMC STATEMENT ON EU PROPOSAL TO BAN PFAS
The EU, through the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), has launched a proposal that aims to extensively restrict the manufacture, supply, and use of all per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (Ref 1). PFAS are a large class of synthetic chemicals that are used across a broad range of activities in different scientific areas, not restricted to chemistry. However, several PFAS are environmental pollutants and some of them have detrimental effects on human health. Their extensive use throughout the society, combined with the low reactivity displayed by many fluoroalkyl chemicals, magnifies the potential for accumulation in the environment and contamination of food and water supplies.
According to this proposal, which is in public consultation until September 25th (ref 2), PFAS encompasses "any substance that contains at least one fully fluorinated methyl (CF3) or methylene (CF2) without any H, Cl, Br, or I attached to it"</p>
</blockquote>

<p>However, looking at the generic scope in more detail it appears that the scope might not be as all encompassing.  Looking at the description here <a href="https://echa.europa.eu/registry-of-restriction-intentions/-/dislist/details/0b0236e18663449b">https://echa.europa.eu/registry-of-restriction-intentions/-/dislist/details/0b0236e18663449b</a>. The generic scope is described as shown below and I've highlighted a critical phrase.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) defined as: Any substance that contains at least one fully fluorinated methyl (CF3-) or methylene (-CF2-) carbon atom (without any H/Cl/Br/I attached to it).</p>

<p><strong>A substance that only contains the following structural elements is excluded from the scope of the proposed restriction:</strong></p>

<p>CF3-X or X-CF2-X&rsquo;,</p>

<p>where X = -OR or -NRR&rsquo; and X&rsquo; = methyl (-CH3), methylene (-CH2-), an aromatic group, a carbonyl group (-C(O)-), -OR&rsquo;&rsquo;, -SR&rsquo;&rsquo; or &ndash;NR&rsquo;&rsquo;R&rsquo;&rsquo;&rsquo;,</p>

<p>and where R/R&rsquo;/R&rsquo;&rsquo;/R&rsquo;&rsquo;&rsquo; is a hydrogen (-H), methyl (-CH3), methylene (-CH2-), an aromatic group or a carbonyl group (-C(O)-).</p>
</blockquote>

<p>My interpretation (caveat I'm not a lawyer) is that the vast majority of drugs, reagents and solvents like trifluoro acetic acid would be excluded. However, inhaled anesthetics and the contrast imaging agents would be included.  So the pharma industry needs to be included in the dialog but drugs themselves might have limited impact.</p>

<p>I've not covered polymers, and PTFE is is used in much laboratory equipment from stirrer bars, stopcocks, O-rings, seals etc. and who hasn't used PTFE tape on ground glass joints. There may be alternatives that I'm not aware of, but any substance that has similar properties of inertness, durability etc. may cause the same concerns as PFAs.</p>

<p>The European Chemicals Agency invites interested parties to send in scientific and technical information on the manufacture, placing on the market and use of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) by 25 September 2023 <a href="https://echa.europa.eu/-/echa-seeks-input-on-proposed-pfas-restriction">https://echa.europa.eu/-/echa-seeks-input-on-proposed-pfas-restriction</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Diamond Light Source facility will be upgraded through a £500 million investment.</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Crystallography</category><dc:date>2023-09-06T11:37:27+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/286bb8885d9b36bda153445fe72fb7f9-542.html#unique-entry-id-542</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/286bb8885d9b36bda153445fe72fb7f9-542.html#unique-entry-id-542</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Diamond Light Source science facility in Oxfordshire will be upgraded through a &pound;500 million investment. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Diamond" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/diamond.jpg" width="800" height="451" /></p>

<p><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-science-facility-that-kickstarted-covid-drug-development-granted-500-million-upgrade-fund">https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-science-facility-that-kickstarted-covid-drug-development-granted-500-million-upgrade-fund</a>.</p>

<p>Established in 2001 and opened in 2007, Diamond is a joint-venture between UKRI-STFC (86%) and the Wellcome Trust (14%).</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The Diamond-II upgrade will take several years of planning and implementation. This will include a &lsquo;dark period&rsquo; of 18 months with no synchrotron light for the user community, followed by a period to fully launch the new facility with three new flagship beamlines and major upgrades to many other beamlines.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>£13 million for 22 AI for health research projects</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>artificial intelligence</category><dc:date>2023-08-13T16:08:20+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b7c3b8fc9ab47f52a8d2e59f9f0c517d-541.html#unique-entry-id-541</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b7c3b8fc9ab47f52a8d2e59f9f0c517d-541.html#unique-entry-id-541</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>UKRI have announced &pound;13 invested in medical research projects. The projects aim to transform health using artificial intelligence (AI) to assist and refine diagnostics and procedures</p>

<p><a href="https://www.ukri.org/news/13-million-for-22-ai-for-health-research-projects/">https://www.ukri.org/news/13-million-for-22-ai-for-health-research-projects/</a></p>

<p>Includes image analysis in oncology, keyhole surgery, NLP analysis of clinical data and treatments for chronic pain.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>UKQSAR meeting University of Liverpool on September 14th 2023.</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>QSAR</category><category>Conferences</category><category>CICAG</category><dc:date>2023-07-24T12:30:31+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/656a6282208c27e28a286b3a95aa9808-540.html#unique-entry-id-540</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/656a6282208c27e28a286b3a95aa9808-540.html#unique-entry-id-540</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The next UKQSAR meeting will be held at the University of Liverpool on September 14th 2023.</p>

<p>The meeting will take place at <a href="https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/conferences-and-events/venues/teaching-hub-502/">building 502</a>, University of Liverpool (see D6 in campus map).</p>

<p>More information will be available on the website <a href="https://ukqsar.org/index.php/2023/07/19/uk-qsar-autumn-2023-meeting/">https://ukqsar.org/index.php/2023/07/19/uk-qsar-autumn-2023-meeting/</a></p>

<p>The schedule will be:</p>

<p>9.00-10.00 Registration (coffee/tea/refreshments)
10.00-10.15 Welcome &ndash; Nathan Brown (UK QSAR Chair)</p>

<p>10.15-11.45 Session 1 &ndash; Chair Neil Berry (University of Liverpool)
10.15-10.45 Talk 1&ndash; Alessandro Troisi (University of Liverpool)
10.45-11.15 Talk 2 &ndash; Abbie Trewin (University of Lancaster)
11.15-11.45 Talk 3 &ndash; Lauren Reid (Medchemica Ltd.)
11.45-12.45 Lunch and poster session</p>

<p>12.45-13.45 Session 2 &ndash; Chair Andrew Leach (University of Manchester)
12.45-13.15 Talk 4 &ndash; Steve Enoch (Liverpool John Moores University)
13.15-13.45 Talk 5 &ndash; Rachel Pirie (University of Newcastle)
13.45-14.15 Break (coffee/tea/refreshments) and poster session</p>

<p>14.15-15.45 Session 3 &ndash; Chair Steve Maginn (CCG)
14.15-15.15 Talk 6 &ndash; Elena De Orbe (AstraZeneca Ltd.)
15.15-15.45 Talk 7 &ndash; Adam Nelson (University of Leeds)
15.45-16.00 Conclusion and poster prizes - Nathan Brown (UK QSAR Chair)</p>

<p>Please register using the <a href="https://forms.office.com/pages/responsepage.aspx?id=MVElUymxEECG4UdL_X6Adjl99XIoEUBGgVi1VGRA-vlURU1CODhaTDJPUk8zSzIzWVVKMDdXNFBaVC4u">online form</a>.</p>

<p>We are delighted that the <a href="http://www.rsccicag.org">RSC CICAG</a> group (Chemical Information and Computer Applications Group) have been able to offer two travel bursaries for students to attend the meeting in return for providing a short write-up for the group. If you would like to apply for the bursary please use the <a href="https://forms.office.com/pages/responsepage.aspx?id=MVElUymxEECG4UdL_X6Adjl99XIoEUBGgVi1VGRA-vlUQUczT0FKWjdPM0FTUFA4N1laNEpSVUZURS4u">form</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Major user experience update in AlphaFold Database</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Alphafold</category><category>ebi</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><dc:date>2023-07-22T19:00:10+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b1e1a41a66b983d6ba8437eaaef860fb-539.html#unique-entry-id-539</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b1e1a41a66b983d6ba8437eaaef860fb-539.html#unique-entry-id-539</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Just saw this.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The AlphaFold Protein Structure Database, a result of a collaborative effort between Google DeepMind and EMBL&rsquo;s European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), has released an exciting update to its web pages, providing users with an enhanced experience. This update marks a significant step in facilitating the use of AlphaFold structure data.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>One of the most interesting updates are the improvements to the 3D viewer Mol*.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Molupdate" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/molupdate.png" width="512" height="303" /></p>

<p>Full details are here <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/about/news/updates-from-data-resources/alphafold-database-ux-update/">https://www.ebi.ac.uk/about/news/updates-from-data-resources/alphafold-database-ux-update/</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>UKQSAR meeting Sept 2023</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>QSAR</category><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2023-06-20T15:31:07+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bd61f80ecfd573fbcc0d99db1792b98c-538.html#unique-entry-id-538</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bd61f80ecfd573fbcc0d99db1792b98c-538.html#unique-entry-id-538</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Just got this message, the UKQSAR meetings are always excellent</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>We are pleased to announce that the next UKQSAR meeting will be held at the University of Liverpool on September 14th 2023.</p>

<p>The schedule will be:
09.00-10.00 Registration
10.00-16.00 Scientific programme</p>

<p>Please register using the online form:
<a href="https://forms.office.com/e/RR5qGKGCwJ">https://forms.office.com/e/RR5qGKGCwJ</a></p>

<p>We are delighted that the RSC CICAG group (Chemical Information and Computer Applications Group (rsccicag.org) have been able to offer two travel bursaries for students to attend the meeting in return for providing a short write-up for the group. If you would like to apply for the bursary please use the form: https://forms.office.com/e/yiNi4VFuZD</p>

<p>As usual, there is no cost to register for the meeting and we are grateful for MedChemica Ltd. for supporting the catering costs.</p>

<p>There will be plenty of opportunity for posters to be presented and discussed over lunch and coffee, please indicate if you would like to present a poster in the registration.</p>

<p>Information about travel options are available from the University of Liverpool website:
https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/study/international/coming-to-liverpool/getting-here/
https://www.liverpool.ac.uk/maps/visiting/car-parking/
We would urge you to consider the environment when planning your journey.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ChEMBL 33 released</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Chembl</category><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2023-06-15T07:53:14+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ec4ffea4a2d5b7aaf8fd6e208a76fbe7-537.html#unique-entry-id-537</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ec4ffea4a2d5b7aaf8fd6e208a76fbe7-537.html#unique-entry-id-537</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The latest update to ChEMBL has been released.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>This fresh release comes with a few new data soures and also some new features: we added bioactivity data for understudied SLC targets from the RESOLUTE project and included a flag for Natural Products and for Chemical Probes. An annotation for the ACTION<em>TYPE of a measurement was included for approx. 270 K bioactivities. We also time-stamped every document in ChEMBL with their CREATION</em>DATE!</p>
</blockquote>

<p>This version of the database, prepared on 31/05/2023 contains:</p>

<pre><code>    2,399,743 compounds (of which 2,372,674 have mol files)
    3,051,613 compound records (non-unique compounds)
  20,334,684 activities
    1,610,596 assays
         15,398 targets
         88,630 documents
</code></pre>

<p>Full details are here <a href="http://chembl.blogspot.com/2023/06/release-of-chembl-33.html">http://chembl.blogspot.com/2023/06/release-of-chembl-33.html</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>ChEMBL is a manually curated database of bioactive molecules with drug-like properties. It brings together chemical, bioactivity and genomic data to aid the translation of genomic information into effective new drugs.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Hot Topics: Targeting RNA 2023</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>BMCS</category><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2023-06-12T06:35:09+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/855dced10ec61358d0261cd860d1eeda-536.html#unique-entry-id-536</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/855dced10ec61358d0261cd860d1eeda-536.html#unique-entry-id-536</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A new initiative from the RSC BMCS. The BMCS Hot Topics online meetings are intended to highlight breaking areas of research in fields of science relevant to drug discovery. They will run as stand-alone half-day virtual events, 2-3 times per year. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="hottopics" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/hottopics.png" width="621" height="584" /></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The inaugural meeting on 30th November 2023 will cover relevant methods and modes of targeting RNA in drug discovery and will focus on how small molecules can accomplish this, including RNA binding and degradation, splicing modulation, and enzymes modifying RNA.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The first circular and registration can be found here <a href="https://www.rscbmcs.org/events/hottopicsrna23/">https://www.rscbmcs.org/events/hottopicsrna23/</a>. </p>

<p>Matthew Disney, University of Florida, Design of Bioactive Small Molecules Targeting RNA.</p>

<p>Elliott Bayle, Storm Therapeutics, Targeting RNA Modifying Enzymes: Successes, Challenges and Lessons Learned.</p>

<p>Maria Duca, Université Côte d&rsquo;Azur &ndash; CNRS, Design of multifunctional conjugates for the targeting of non-coding RNAs: anticancer and antimicrobial applications.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Hit identification page</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2023-05-26T07:23:39+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b6d03747d08a0384ea0a20f0a51cfedd-535.html#unique-entry-id-535</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b6d03747d08a0384ea0a20f0a51cfedd-535.html#unique-entry-id-535</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/overview/hit_iden.html">Hit Identification page</a> to include information from a great analysis published recently. An Analysis of Successful Hit-to-Clinical Candidate Pairs?" <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00521">DOI</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="sourceofhits" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/sourceofhits.png" width="718" height="704" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>GARDP’s next webinar will take place on 7 June 2023</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2023-05-24T15:09:12+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ca5300a8c3d03e74181577f7ceecb07a-534.html#unique-entry-id-534</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ca5300a8c3d03e74181577f7ceecb07a-534.html#unique-entry-id-534</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The latest Global Antibiotic Research &amp; Development Partnership is on Project management in antimicrobial drug R&amp;D.</p>

<p>Wed, Jun 7, 2023 12:30 PM - 2:00 PM BST</p>

<p>The webinar will feature the following speakers: </p>

<ul>
<li>Kristina Orrling, Programme Manager, Lygature, Netherlands</li>
<li>Julie Miralves, R&amp;D Portfolio and Planning Leader, Global Antibiotic R&amp;D Partnership (GARDP), Switzerland</li>
</ul>

<p>Register here <a href="https://register.gotowebinar.com/register/832555033649883487?source=network">https://register.gotowebinar.com/register/832555033649883487?source=network</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Detecting Bad Science with Data</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Data</category><dc:date>2023-05-22T12:54:47+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/eb454c03d3b6a45a5dfec48222879bb5-533.html#unique-entry-id-533</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/eb454c03d3b6a45a5dfec48222879bb5-533.html#unique-entry-id-533</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A couple of interesting programs to listen to.</p>

<p>The More or Less team are highlighting an important area. <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p0fpb87t">https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p0fpb87t</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>For more than a decade there&rsquo;ve been longstanding concerns about the credibility and reliability of science research. This &ldquo;bad science&rdquo; has often stemmed from poor data practice or worse. But statistics can also help us identify and understand some of what&rsquo;s going wrong, whether that&rsquo;s selective data-slicing or outright fabrication.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>There is also a more detailed investigation on Radio 4 The Truth Police <a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m001lqvg">https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m001lqvg</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>For years, science has had a dirty secret; research has been dogged by claims and instances of fraud, malpractice and outright incompetence. Suspicious-looking data sets, breakthrough results that can&rsquo;t be replicated, eyebrow-raising statistical sleights of hand, science has been undergoing something of an existential crisis.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>This of course has a potential profound effect on drug discovery.</p>

<p>A recent study, reported in Science 28 August 2015: Vol. 349 no. 6251 <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aac4716">DOI</a> looking at psychological science, attempted to replicate published work suggests that 39% of effects replicated the original result. Also Amgen,  tried to replicate 53 'landmark' cancer studies and failed to replicate the original studies in all but six occasions, Nature 483, 531&ndash;533 (29 March 2012) <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/483531a">DOI</a>.</p> <p> A report by Arrowsmith noted that the success rates for new development projects in Phase II trials have fallen from 28% to 18% in recent years, with insufficient efficacy being the most frequent reason for failure (Phase II failures: 2008&ndash;2010. Nature Rev. Drug Discov. 10, 328&ndash;329 (2011))1. In a follow up article Nature Reviews Drug Discovery volume 10, page 712 (2011) it was reported that that only in <span style="font:12px AppleSymbols; ">&sim;</span>20&ndash;25% of the projects were the relevant published data completely in line with in-house findings. This resulted in extended target validation studies and in most cases project termination.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Target Validation</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2023-05-18T15:55:30+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/45e2243f062b60703f704d6c04567881-532.html#unique-entry-id-532</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/45e2243f062b60703f704d6c04567881-532.html#unique-entry-id-532</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A couple of minor updates to the Target Validation page.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/targetvalidation.html">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/targetvalidation.html</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fake Publications in Biomedical Science</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>artificial intelligence</category><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2023-05-11T14:34:13+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7ebf074b51b050f86be8722edee45611-531.html#unique-entry-id-531</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7ebf074b51b050f86be8722edee45611-531.html#unique-entry-id-531</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There have a number of headlines recently highlighting large language models (LLM <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_language_model">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large<em>language</em>model</a>, most notably GTP-4 from OpenAI. These models are trained on vast amounts of data from a variety of sources and the quality of these data sources is not always as good as hoped.</p>

<p>It might be assumed the scientific literature would be of a higher standard but a recent preprint raises major concerns.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.05.06.23289563v1">https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.05.06.23289563v1</a></p>

<p>Fake Publications in Biomedical Science: Red-flagging Method Indicates Mass Production</p>

<p>Red-flagged fake publications (RFPs) account for around 28% of the published papers in biomedicine. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Wellcome Trust to triple size of Cambridge genome campus</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Cambridge</category><category>genome</category><dc:date>2023-05-06T12:28:20+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/234c6118d91929e6f029ff12f70db7da-530.html#unique-entry-id-530</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/234c6118d91929e6f029ff12f70db7da-530.html#unique-entry-id-530</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Wellcome Britain&rsquo;s biggest biomedical charity is to triple the size of its genetics and biological data facilities near Cambridge, in one of the largest investments in UK research infrastructure.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.wellcomegenomecampus.org/news_item/the-wellcome-genome-campus-expansion-to-boost-science-in-uk-and-health-globally/">https://www.wellcomegenomecampus.org/news_item/the-wellcome-genome-campus-expansion-to-boost-science-in-uk-and-health-globally/</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The site will continue to focus on genomics and biodata, aiming to attract global leaders in these fields and provide enhanced opportunities for this research to be translated into real-world solutions for health challenges. The new facilities will accommodate a range of occupiers from start-ups and scale-ups to more mature organisations, growing and enhancing the existing scientific ecosystem.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Anyone who has tried to travel down the A505 in the morning will also be interested in this item.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Upgrades to transport infrastructure, including to local road and cycle networks</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Since the rail line goes right by the site could a station be included and better public transport access?</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>FDA Accepts Interim Analysis Plan for Ongoing Phase 2b Ibezapolstat Clinical Trial</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2023-04-13T19:14:51+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cdfdde7b0007061054f9f157f6c286a0-529.html#unique-entry-id-529</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cdfdde7b0007061054f9f157f6c286a0-529.html#unique-entry-id-529</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>FDA Accepts Interim Analysis Plan for Ongoing Phase 2b Ibezapolstat Clinical Trial and Acurx Announces Presentations at ECCMID 2023 Scientific Conference. This is an important step for Acurx, a great group of scientists to work with.</p>

<p><a href="https://ir.acurxpharma.com/press-releases/detail/52/fda-accepts-interim-analysis-plan-for-ongoing-phase-2b">https://ir.acurxpharma.com/press-releases/detail/52/fda-accepts-interim-analysis-plan-for-ongoing-phase-2b</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>They will be presenting at the 33rd Annual European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease (ECCMID) this month.  Specifically, a scientific poster entitled "Novel pharmacology and susceptibility of ibezapolstat against C. difficile isolates with reduced susceptibility to C. difficile-directed antibiotics" will be presented by Dr. Kevin Garey, Professor and Chair, University of Houston College of Pharmacy and the Principal Investigator for microbiome aspects of our ibezapolstat clinical trial program.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Octopus trial for MS treatments</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Multiple Sclerosis</category><category>Clinical trial</category><dc:date>2023-04-05T17:15:22+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9212d09e09b42df7feca71a3376085ff-528.html#unique-entry-id-528</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9212d09e09b42df7feca71a3376085ff-528.html#unique-entry-id-528</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Octopus trial is being led by researchers from the Queen Square MS Centre and the Medical Research Council (MRC) Clinical Trials Unit at University College London (UCL) and funded by the MS Society.</p>

<p>The multi-arm, multi-stage platform trial is designed to transform the way treatments for progressive MS are tested and will work up to three times faster than traditional trials.</p>

<p>More details&hellip;</p>

<p><a href="https://www.ukri.org/news/participants-with-progressive-forms-of-ms-join-revolutionary-trial/">https://www.ukri.org/news/participants-with-progressive-forms-of-ms-join-revolutionary-trial/</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>More than 130,000 people live with MS in the UK and there are tens of thousands with progressive forms who have nothing to stop their MS getting worse. By tapping into the potential of approved drugs, which may have the potential to protect nerves, we can develop new treatments for MS faster.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Binding Sites are 3D</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>Covalent inhibitors</category><category>DEL</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2023-03-28T14:20:21+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d0c13c7b9053a7927f50f37891900a6f-527.html#unique-entry-id-527</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d0c13c7b9053a7927f50f37891900a6f-527.html#unique-entry-id-527</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've always found it interesting that whilst everyone recognises that protein binding sites are three dimensional (and chiral) there is a reluctance to have chiral centres in screening hits. This is despite examples were chiral centres aid affinity, selectivity and solubility. I suspect one of the concerns is the ease of follow up for any hits.</p>

<p>I've been working with <a href="https://www.liverpoolchirochem.com">Liverpool Chirochem</a> to design a 3D rich, homochiral fragment screening library. The real beauty of this library is that the fragments can be easily expanded using validated chemistry in their parallel synthesis lab.</p>

<p>Once you have built a supply of these homochiral building blocks they can of course be put to many different additional uses, covalent fragments, DEL building blocks, and as building blocks for large virtual libraries. All of which can be supported by their parallel synthesis lab.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Cambridge MedChem Meeting</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2023-03-06T19:13:50+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/769632323022944efdfc6825dedc1fc6-526.html#unique-entry-id-526</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/769632323022944efdfc6825dedc1fc6-526.html#unique-entry-id-526</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Registration for the SCI / RSC 22nd Medicinal Chemistry Symposium (better known as The Cambridge MedChem Meeting) 10 September - 13 September 2023 is now open.</p>

<p>As usual there are discounts available for RSC and SCI members, and RSC members need to use a discount code</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>RSC members should enter the Event discount code EJRFChem221  and select &ldquo;Guest Member&rdquo; under the section Member type. Delegates will be contacted for their RSC membership number after successful registration.
RSC student members should enter the Event discount code EJRFChem221S and select &ldquo;Guest Member&rdquo; under the section Member type. Delegates will be contacted for their RSC membership number after successful registration.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>You can register here <a href="https://www.soci.org/events/fine-chemicals-group/2023/sci--rsc-22nd-medicinal-chemistry-symposium">https://www.soci.org/events/fine-chemicals-group/2023/sci--rsc-22nd-medicinal-chemistry-symposium</a>.</p>

<p>As usual there is an outstanding lineup of international speakers.</p>

<p>As part of the conference, there is also the opportunity to participate in a Medicinal Chemistry Workshop which will take place on the Sunday afternoon.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ChEMBL 32 is released!</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Chembl</category><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2023-03-01T21:22:48+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c5e777671ca4cd1430391c7b7f6f7e3b-525.html#unique-entry-id-525</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c5e777671ca4cd1430391c7b7f6f7e3b-525.html#unique-entry-id-525</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The fantastic resource ChEMBL has been updated. ChEMBL 32 contains</p>

<ul>
<li>2,354,965 compounds (of which 2,327,928 have mol files)            </li>
<li>2,995,433 compound records (non-unique compounds)</li>
<li>20,038,828 activities</li>
<li>1,536,903 assays</li>
<li>15,139 targets</li>
<li>86,364 documents </li>
</ul>

<p>More details are here <a href="http://chembl.blogspot.com/2023/03/chembl-32-is-released.html">http://chembl.blogspot.com/2023/03/chembl-32-is-released.html</a>.</p>

<p>Data can be downloaded from the <a href="https://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/chembl/ChEMBLdb/releases/chembl_32">ChEMBL FTP site</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Susceptibility testing in antibacterial drug R&amp;D</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><category>Webinar</category><dc:date>2023-02-16T08:55:25+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2aaccb2344d17fcef958513d5a6129ac-524.html#unique-entry-id-524</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2aaccb2344d17fcef958513d5a6129ac-524.html#unique-entry-id-524</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This looks like an interesting webinar for all those interested in antibiotics research</p>

<p><a href="https://register.gotowebinar.com/register/1956782581006939231?source=network">Susceptibility testing in antibacterial drug R&amp;D</a></p>

<p>Presentation 1: Pre-clinical antimicrobial susceptibility testing: considerations and challenges (Dee Shortridge):</p>

<ul>
<li>Steps for developing an in vitro susceptibility test for your lead compound</li>
<li>Studies needed to characterize your compound</li>
<li>Points to consider if your compound is not typical</li>
</ul>

<p>Presentation 2: Pitfalls and opportunities of susceptibility testing in clinical trials of new antibiotics (Rafael Cant&oacute;n):</p>

<ul>
<li>The introduction of new antimicrobials needs antimicrobial susceptibility testing to define their profile and the alignment with regulators.</li>
<li>Susceptibility testing data are also used to define both clinical and PK/PD breakpoints.</li>
<li>Moreover, they can be used to recognize wild type populations and anticipate emergence or resistance.</li>
</ul>

<p>This is organised by the Global Antibiotic Research &amp; Development Partnership (GARDP) <a href="https://gardp.org">https://gardp.org</a>. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The Global Antibiotic Research &amp; Development Partnership (GARDP) accelerates the development and access of treatments for drug-resistant infections. Together with private, public and non-profit partners, GARDP works to preserve the power of antibiotics for generations to come.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Drug Discovery Resources</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Covalent inhibitors</category><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2023-01-19T13:02:28+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8be3c971a6ce1109e55c54d901274648-523.html#unique-entry-id-523</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8be3c971a6ce1109e55c54d901274648-523.html#unique-entry-id-523</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have updated several pages in the Drug Discovery Resources.</p>

<p>Ester and Amide Bioisosteres <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/ester_bioisosteres.html">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/ester_bioisosteres.html</a><br></p>

<p>Cysteine Protease inhibitors <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/focus/cysteine_protease_inhibitors.html">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit<em>identification/focus/cysteine</em>protease_inhibitors.html</a><br?</p>

<p>Covalent Inhibitors <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/covalent.html">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/covalent.html</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Annual site review</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2023-01-03T10:45:57+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3ec68f60287f484cf1538c21fb693458-522.html#unique-entry-id-522</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3ec68f60287f484cf1538c21fb693458-522.html#unique-entry-id-522</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources website</a> continues to be very popular with 161,922 page views. The pages were visited by over 76,200 viewers and around 20% of the visitors come back on multiple occasions suggesting they find it useful. The visitors come from 180 different countries with the top countries being</p>

<ul>
<li>United States (27%)</li>
<li>United Kingdom (14%)</li>
<li>India (10%)</li>
<li>Germany (4%)</li>
<li>South Korea (3%)</li>
<li>China (3%)</li>
</ul>

<p>One of the popular pages in 2021 was <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/COVIDchecklist.html">COVID-19 and the Identification of "Drug Candidates"</a> a checklist for those using virtual screening to identify potential hits for COVID-19 targets. This has dropped out of the top pages in 2022.</p>

<p>The other most viewed pages were</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/logD.html">Lipophilicity</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/">Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">Molecular Interactions</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/distribution.html">Distribution and Plasma Protein Binding</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/focus/kinaseinhib.html">Kinase Inhibitors</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/acid_bioisosteres.html">Acid Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/">ADME</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/aromatic_bioisosteres.html">Aromatic Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com//resources/hit_identification/aspartic_protease_inhibitors.html">Aspartic Acid Proteases</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/solvation.html">Solvation and desolvation</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/herg_activity.html">HERG Activity</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment based screening</a></li>

</ul>

<p>Looking at the operating systems 54% are Windows users, 20% Mac users, 12% Android, 10% iOS and 2% Linux. The browsers of choice are Chrome and Safari with all other below 10%.</p>

<p>I don't know how comprehensive the analytics software is but there is approximately a 54:46 M:F split for Gender.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seasons Greetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2022-12-18T16:07:41+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3ba3d8b7d65394d646990cfcb45b8734-521.html#unique-entry-id-521</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3ba3d8b7d65394d646990cfcb45b8734-521.html#unique-entry-id-521</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hoping everyone has a safe Christmas break.</p>

<p>As always I won't be sending cards but instead donate the money to the MS Society (https://www.mssociety.org.uk).</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="seasons2022" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/seasons2022.jpg" width="1008" height="756" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Predicting sites of metabolism</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>Metabolism</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><dc:date>2022-12-08T11:43:30+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/75d50e8d2e9bddefba7660a42f180789-520.html#unique-entry-id-520</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/75d50e8d2e9bddefba7660a42f180789-520.html#unique-entry-id-520</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I updated the page on predicting metabolism</p>

<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/predicting_metabolism.html">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/predicting_metabolism.html</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>A database of covalent binders</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Covalent inhibitors</category><dc:date>2022-12-05T20:46:39+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/79a8232b7ce2ac3a7f7174e9c4aa88cb-519.html#unique-entry-id-519</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/79a8232b7ce2ac3a7f7174e9c4aa88cb-519.html#unique-entry-id-519</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A recent publication describes CovBinderDB <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.2c01216">DOI</a> is a fantastic resource mined from the PDB that contains 7375 covalent modifications in which 2189 unique covalent binders target nine types of amino acid residues (Cys, Lys, Ser, Asp, Glu, His, Met, Thr, and Tyr) from 3555 complex structures of 1170 unique protein chains. The database can be accessed here <a href="https://yzhang.hpc.nyu.edu/CovBinderInPDB/">https://yzhang.hpc.nyu.edu/CovBinderInPDB/</a>. </p>

<p>I've added it to the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/covalent.html">Covalent inhibitors page</a> of the Drug Discovery Resources.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>EPSRC Centres for Doctoral Training</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Training</category><dc:date>2022-11-29T15:11:29+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/121d33571be14acfcb999805a7417857-518.html#unique-entry-id-518</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/121d33571be14acfcb999805a7417857-518.html#unique-entry-id-518</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/epsrc-centres-for-doctoral-training/?" target="_blank"><img class="imageStyle" alt="EPSRC_CDT" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/epsrc_cdt.png" width="539" height="316" /></a></p>

<p>Very interesting opportunity <a href="https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/epsrc-centres-for-doctoral-training/?">https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/epsrc-centres-for-doctoral-training/?</a>. Total fund &pound;324,000,000.s</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Drug Discovery Resources</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>ADME</category><category>Covalent inhibitors</category><category>Metabolism</category><dc:date>2022-11-27T20:40:54+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/90cce78ce4f85dcb18142e40d37cfb0e-517.html#unique-entry-id-517</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/90cce78ce4f85dcb18142e40d37cfb0e-517.html#unique-entry-id-517</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Updated the page on metabolism <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/metabolism.html">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/metabolism.html</a>. <br></p>

<p>And the page on covalent ligands <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/covalent.html">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/covalent.html</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>DNDI and hope for patients with leishmaniasis</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>NTD</category><category>leishmaniasis</category><dc:date>2022-10-20T19:11:21+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6a7e0aebd45cabd04468a36e755047b2-516.html#unique-entry-id-516</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6a7e0aebd45cabd04468a36e755047b2-516.html#unique-entry-id-516</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've tried to support various efforts looking at ways to move drug discovery forward for neglected diseases, this video underlines the importance.</p>

<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Yt8fNz73N8s" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated the page on reducing metabolism</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Metabolism</category><dc:date>2022-10-16T17:43:57+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/22c0dc4a548d3a759f7fa19e2c034b1d-515.html#unique-entry-id-515</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/22c0dc4a548d3a759f7fa19e2c034b1d-515.html#unique-entry-id-515</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Updated the page on reducing metabolism, included example of using deuterium to block metabolism in a compound in the clinic.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/metabolism.html">metabolism</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Research consortia to underpin proactive vaccinology</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>vaccination</category><dc:date>2022-10-07T15:22:40+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9744ad1db0fdf7e56146f372d695f3cb-514.html#unique-entry-id-514</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9744ad1db0fdf7e56146f372d695f3cb-514.html#unique-entry-id-514</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I know it is not small molecule drug discovery but I'm a great supporter of vaccination. Must be the most cost effective medical treatment around.</p>

<p>More details here</p>

<p><a href="https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/research-consortia-to-underpin-proactive-vaccinology/">https://www.ukri.org/opportunity/research-consortia-to-underpin-proactive-vaccinology/</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="vaccinegrant" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/vaccinegrant.png" width="758" height="333" /></p>

<p>Funding will last for 5 years.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>3rd In Silico Toxicology Conference</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Toxicity</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><category>Cheminformatics</category><dc:date>2022-09-03T09:51:39+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a95171715d8e796de3725c0fca14605b-513.html#unique-entry-id-513</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a95171715d8e796de3725c0fca14605b-513.html#unique-entry-id-513</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The 3rd In Silico Toxicology Conference, supported by the British Toxicology Society (BTS), the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) CICAG Group, Lhasa Ltd., and the Cambridge Alliance on Medicines Safety (CAMS) will take place online on 29 September 2022; attendance is free and open to everyone interested.</p>

<p>Topics will include In Silico Toxicology Consortia, Cell Painting, Gene Expression Data, Biomarkers, Interpreting Neural Networks, Drug-Induced Liver Injury/DILI, Skin Sensitization, Animal Histopathology Data, Species Concordance, In Vivo Pharmacokinetics (PK), Molecular Initiating Events (MIEs), Chemicals, Pharma, Food, Read-Across, ... and beyond (see website for the full programme and registration).</p>

<p><a href="http://drugdiscovery.net/tox2022/">http://drugdiscovery.net/tox2022/</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Submit a phenotypic assay</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2022-08-18T09:17:02+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/701e6408d6949ed899745178525a7ce1-512.html#unique-entry-id-512</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/701e6408d6949ed899745178525a7ce1-512.html#unique-entry-id-512</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This sounds like an interesting opportunity.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Xcellomics is seeking novel, in vitro or ex vivo pathologically relevant cellular phenotypes that have the potential to be developed into small molecule High Content or CRISPR screens. We are encouraging members of the research community to submit proposals through the Xcellomics applications portal in the following disease areas&hellip;.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Full details here <a href="https://www.xcellomics.com/calls">https://www.xcellomics.com/calls</a></p>

<p>Xcellomics is a partnership between Exscientia and the University of Oxford Target Discovery Institute (TDI). </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ChEMBL 31 is released</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Chembl</category><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2022-08-17T14:14:36+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/65edc9c22af9d2ebdf11910b75c74ed5-511.html#unique-entry-id-511</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/65edc9c22af9d2ebdf11910b75c74ed5-511.html#unique-entry-id-511</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The latest release of the absolutely invaluable ChEMBL database is available.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="chembl31" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/chembl31.png" width="494" height="541" /></p>

<p>This version of the database, prepared on 12/07/2022 contains:</p>

<pre><code>    2,967,627 compound records
    2,331,700 compounds (of which 2,304,875 have mol files)
    19,780,369 activities
    1,498,681 assays
    15,072 targets
    85,431 documents
</code></pre>

<p>Available from the downloads page <a href="https://chembl.gitbook.io/chembl-interface-documentation/downloads">https://chembl.gitbook.io/chembl-interface-documentation/downloads</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>AlphaFold predicts structure of almost every catalogued protein known to science</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>protein-structure</category><category>artificial intelligence</category><category>PDB</category><dc:date>2022-07-29T08:42:45+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/46c57748533be992ba8e761f107c42e8-510.html#unique-entry-id-510</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/46c57748533be992ba8e761f107c42e8-510.html#unique-entry-id-510</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A little over a year ago I highlighted the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/011f7b94539a2609371db159f516823e-484.html">AlphaFold Protein Structure Database</a> in which AlphaFold DB provided open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and 20 other key organisms to accelerate scientific research. Well things have moved on.</p>

<p>DeepMind and EMBL&rsquo;s European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) have made AI-powered predictions of the three-dimensional structures of nearly all catalogued proteins known to science freely and openly available to the scientific community, via the <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/about/news/technology-and-innovation/alphafold-200-million/">AlphaFold Protein Structure Database</a>. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The database is being expanded by approximately 200 times, from nearly 1 million protein structures to over 200 million, covering almost every organism on Earth that has had its genome sequenced. The expansion of the database includes predicted structures for a wide range of species, including plants, bacteria, animals, and other organisms.</p>

<p>The full dataset of all predictions is available at no cost and under a CC-BY-4.0 licence from Google Cloud Public Datasets. We've grouped this by single-species for ease of downloading subsets or all of the data. We suggest that you only download the full dataset if you need to process all the data with local computing resources (the size of the dataset is 23 TiB, ~1M tar files).</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Downloads can be found here <a href="https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/download#full-dataset-section">https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/download#full-dataset-section</a>.</p>

<p>It is worth noting that <a href="https://www.deepmind.com/research/highlighted-research/alphafold">AlphaFold2</a> is not the only protein structure prediction tool available, there is also <a href="https://github.com/RosettaCommons/RoseTTAFold">RoseTTAFold</a>, <a href="https://openfold.io">OpenFold</a>, and <a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.00854v1.pdf">FastFold</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Bioisosteres pages updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2022-07-10T08:15:22+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/177d24f698331e33d35be98464311181-509.html#unique-entry-id-509</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/177d24f698331e33d35be98464311181-509.html#unique-entry-id-509</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've been updating the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources</a>. Over the last few days I've been expanding the section on <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/">bioisosteres</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>A bioisostere is a molecule resulting from the exchange of an atom or of a group of atoms with an alternative, broadly similar, atom or group of atoms. The objective of a bioisosteric replacement is to create a new molecule with similar biological properties to the parent compound. The bioisosteric replacement may be physicochemically or topologically based. The replacement can attenuate toxicity, modify activity of lead, and/or alter pharmacokinetics or the toxicity of the lead. </p>
</blockquote>

<p>Bioisosteres are an essential element in the Medicinal Chemists toolbox and the increasing variety reported is a testimony to the creativity of medicinal chemists.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>An interesting opportunity</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>X-ray</category><category>Crystallography</category><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2022-06-24T09:49:56+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2174fe2c9d345d6aec272f4958180a58-508.html#unique-entry-id-508</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2174fe2c9d345d6aec272f4958180a58-508.html#unique-entry-id-508</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Postdoctoral Scientist for Protein Crystallography SRF
Centre for Medicines Discovery (CMD), Biochemistry Phase II, South Parks Road, OX1 3QU
We are seeking to appoint a Postdoctoral fellow for the Protein Crystallography Small Research Facility (PX-SRF), under the supervision of Professor Frank von Delft.</p>

<p><a href="https://my.corehr.com/pls/uoxrecruit/erq_jobspec_version_4.display_form?p_company=10&amp;p_internal_external=E&amp;p_display_in_irish=N&amp;p_process_type=&amp;p_applicant_no=&amp;p_form_profile_detail=&amp;p_display_apply_ind=Y&amp;p_refresh_search=Y&amp;p_recruitment_id=157490">Full details are here</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>FIRST-IN-CLASS ANTIBIOTIC NOSO-502</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2022-06-09T08:41:30+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3bbd8290ac88dc65ad209bce344b1a4d-507.html#unique-entry-id-507</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3bbd8290ac88dc65ad209bce344b1a4d-507.html#unique-entry-id-507</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It has been a real pleasure to be involved with the GNA NOW Consortium (https://amr-accelerator.eu/project/gna-now/) and I'm really delighted to share this news.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>NOSOPHARM AND GNA NOW ANNOUNCE POSITIVE RESULTS FOR THE LATE PRECLINICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE FIRST-IN-CLASS ANTIBIOTIC NOSO-502
 An important milestone has been reached for the GNA NOW Consortium with the completion of the GLP toxicology studies for the NOSO-502 program. The results allow for the further development of the program to Phase 1.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Full details are here <a href="https://www.lygature.org/news/gna-now-consortium-announces-positive-results-late-preclinical-development-first-class">https://www.lygature.org/news/gna-now-consortium-announces-positive-results-late-preclinical-development-first-class</a>.</p>

<p>The NOSO-502 program received a unanimous recommendation from the internal and external experts of the GNA NOW Consortium to start preparing for clinical trials. This is of particular importance as novel classes of antibiotics with efficacy against the WHO critical priority Gram-negative pathogens are very rare. No novel class of antibiotics with efficacy against these pathogens has been introduced into clinical use for more than 40 years. Furthermore, according to a very recent and comprehensive analysis of the antibacterial drug pipeline, there is no first-in-class Gram-negative antibiotic with a novel target or a novel mode of action in clinical development. If successful, the introduction into the clinical use of NOSO-502 will give a new option to the physician for the treatment of patients suffering from life-threatening bacterial infections, avoiding a therapeutic dead-end. This way, NOSO-502 will strengthen the therapeutic arsenal against Gram-negative infections.  </p>

<p>Fantastic news to all involved in the program and great news for patients.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open science ASAP antiviral discovery center</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antivirals</category><category>Open Source Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2022-05-24T07:27:42+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5259e3180b319aa659b1426d158723c8-506.html#unique-entry-id-506</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5259e3180b319aa659b1426d158723c8-506.html#unique-entry-id-506</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health, has awarded approximately $577 million to establish nine Antiviral Drug Discovery (AViDD) Centers for Pathogens of Pandemic Concern.  <a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-announces-antiviral-drug-development-awards">https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-announces-antiviral-drug-development-awards</a>. One of the centres is the AI-Driven Structure-Enabled Antiviral Platform (ASAP) <a href="https://asapdiscovery.org">https://asapdiscovery.org</a>.</p>

<p>ASAP uses artificial intelligence and computational chemistry to accelerate structure-based open science antiviral drug discovery and deliver oral antivirals for pandemics with the goal of global, equitable, and affordable access.</p>

<p>ASAP Overview</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="ASAP-overview-twitter" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/asap-overview-twitter.jpg" width="1000" height="563" /></p>

<p>They are currently recruiting for multiple positions, so if you would like to be involved in this exciting programme head over to <a href="https://asapdiscovery.org/jobs/">https://asapdiscovery.org/jobs/</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>CASP15 details</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>protein-structure</category><category>artificial intelligence</category><category>CASP</category><dc:date>2022-05-04T07:55:12+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b5fef93651920bc2dcc04c6fc1843ae2-505.html#unique-entry-id-505</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b5fef93651920bc2dcc04c6fc1843ae2-505.html#unique-entry-id-505</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The details of the latest Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction (CASP) experiment to determine and advance the state of the art in modeling biomolecular structures have been published <a href="https://predictioncenter.org/casp15/index.cgi">https://predictioncenter.org/casp15/index.cgi</a>.</p>

<p>Modeling categories</p>

<p>The core of CASP remains the same: blind testing of methods with independent assessment against experiment to establish the state-of-art in modeling proteins and protein complexes. CASP15 will include following categories.</p>

<ul>
<li>Single Protein and Domain Modeling 
As in previous CASPs, the accuracy of single proteins and where appropriate single protein domains will be assessed, using the established metrics. Two changes will be the elimination of the distinction between template-based and template-free modeling, and an emphasis on the fine-grained accuracy of models, such as local main chain motifs and side chains. Because of the high accuracy of the new modeling methods, we expect assessment against high resolution experimental structures will be most informative.</li>
<li>Assembly
As in recent CASPs, the ability of current methods to correctly model domain-domain, subunit-subunit, and protein-protein interactions will be assessed. We will again work in close collaboration with our CAPRI partners. Because of the promising deep learning results reported so far, substantial progress is expected.</li>
<li>Accuracy Estimation
Members of the community will be invited to submit accuracy estimates for multimeric complexes and inter-subunit interfaces. There will no longer be a category for estimating the accuracy of single protein models, since it has become clear these cannot compete with modeling method specific estimates. Instead, there will be increased emphasis on assessment of self-reported accuracy estimates at the atomic level. Note the units will now be pLDDT, not Angstroms.</li>
<li>RNA structures and complexes
There will be a pilot experiment to assess the accuracy of modeling for RNA models and protein-RNA complexes. The assessment will be done in collaboration with the RNA-Puzzles and Marta Szachniuk's group in Poznan.</li>
<li>Protein-ligand complexes
Subject to the availability of adequate resources, there will also be a pilot experiment in this area. Deep-learning is already having an impact here, and there is high interest because of the relevance to drug design.</li>
<li>Data Assisted
As in recent CASPs, there will be assessment of the extent to which the accuracy of models can be increased by the provision of sparse data, particularly that provided by SAXS and mass spectroscopy/chemical crosslinking. Only targets where these low-resolution data are likely to be useful will be considered, that is, large single proteins and complexes. As previously, we will work with collaborators to obtain the necessary experimental data. Targets will initially be released without the experimental data, followed by a second round of prediction including those data.</li>
<li>Protein conformational ensembles
Following the success of deep-learning methods for single structures, it is increasingly important to assess methods for predicting structure ensembles. This is a huge area, ranging from the many conformations of disordered regions to the small number of conformations that may be involved in allosteric transitions and enzyme excited states to local protein dynamics. 
While it is clear that deep learning and other methods have the potential to generate ensembles in some circumstances, the difficulty is in finding cases where there are sufficiently accurate and extensive experimental data to allow rigorous assessment. One promising avenue is modeling sets of conformations in regions of cryo-EM structures where there is evidence of local conformational heterogeneity. If suitable cases arise, we will present these as a special type of sub-target. First requesting conformational ensembles that will be evaluated against the election density map and then in a possible second stage providing the map for data assisted ensemble prediction. 
A second possibility is for cases where detailed NMR data have already established the structure of two or more conformations. We have a good lead for a few targets of this type. In addition to this, we are considering a non-blind experiment (a departure from normal CASP practice), where we will first ask those interested to reproduce the known conformations. We will also ask participants to identify any additional conformations that appear to be present. It may then be possible to test these against existing or new experimental data.</li>
</ul>

<p>Details of the targets will be made available over the next week <a href="https://predictioncenter.org/casp15/targetlist.cgi">https://predictioncenter.org/casp15/targetlist.cgi</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Do you work with kinases?</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>kinase inhibitors</category><category>Workshop</category><dc:date>2022-04-27T07:37:30+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6a5ada6d02c756e1972ea5e5bf9bd171-504.html#unique-entry-id-504</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6a5ada6d02c756e1972ea5e5bf9bd171-504.html#unique-entry-id-504</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If you work with kinases then this free workshop run by RSC CICAG is must for you. There is now a wealth of public domain information about kinases but it is scattered over a multitude of publications and databases.  The Kinase&ndash;Ligand Interaction Fingerprints and Structures database provides a central repository for all this information. This workshop will guide you through accessing this information.</p>

<p>Register here <a href="https://www.eventbrite.com/e/open-source-tools-for-chemistry-tickets-294585512197?">https://www.eventbrite.com/e/open-source-tools-for-chemistry-tickets-294585512197?</a>.</p>

<p>19 May 2022 KILFS database (Albert Jelke Kooistra, Andrea Volkamer )</p>

<p>Over the past three decades, six thousand structures of the catalytic kinase domain have been made publicly available via the Protein Data Bank. But to what extent are we making use of this wealth of information? In order to harness this data in a better way and to make it readily available for all to use in their research, <a href="https://klifs.net">KLIFS</a> was constructed. KLIFS, i.e. the Kinase&ndash;Ligand Interaction Fingerprints and Structures database, is a structural kinase database that systematically collects and processes all structures of the catalytic kinase domain. With the database, you can - for example - easily get a complete overview of all structures, search for ligands with a specific binding mode, identify analogs or your ligands of interest, collect data for your data mining and machine learning applications.</p>

<p>For this workshop, the developers of KLIFS have teamed up with the Volkamer Lab and therefore the workshop will be divided into two segments. First, Albert J. Kooistra will give an introduction to KLIFS and demonstrate different functionalities of the KLIFS website and the integration of KLIFS in KNIME via the 3D-e-Chem nodes. In the second half, Andrea Volkamer and Dominique Sydow will demonstrate, based on their new kinase-focused TeachOpenCADD workflow, how to assess kinase similarity from different data perspectives. They will emphasize their Python package KiSSim &ndash; a KLIFS-based kinase structural similarity fingerprint, and OpenCADD-KLIFS &ndash; a Python module to facilitate the integration of KLIFS data into kinase research workflows.</p>

<p>These workshops are supported by <a href="https://www.liverpoolchirochem.com">Liverpool ChiroChem</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>NICE reaches important milestone in the UK’s efforts to tackle antimicrobial resistance.</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2022-04-12T14:20:18+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/da26c3ad2156104e4d69a40a3e7ed62e-503.html#unique-entry-id-503</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/da26c3ad2156104e4d69a40a3e7ed62e-503.html#unique-entry-id-503</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Two new antimicrobial drugs - cefiderocol and ceftazidime&ndash;avibactam - are close to becoming the first to be made available as part of the UK&rsquo;s innovative subscription-style payment model after NICE published draft guidance estimating their value to the NHS.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/news/article/nice-reaches-important-milestone-in-the-uk-s-efforts-to-tackle-antimicrobial-resistance">https://www.nice.org.uk/news/article/nice-reaches-important-milestone-in-the-uk-s-efforts-to-tackle-antimicrobial-resistance</a></p>

<p>Cefiderocol is a cephalosporin antibiotic that is coupled to a siderophore that binds to iron and aids cell entry.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Cefiderocol" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cefiderocol.jpeg" width="301" height="189" /></p>

<p>Ceftazidime&ndash;avibactam is a fixed-dose combination medication composed of ceftazidime, a cephalosporin antibiotic, and avibactam, a &beta;-lactamase inhibitor. Bacterial resistance to cephalosporins is often due to bacterial production of &beta;-lactamase enzymes that deactivate these antibiotics. Avibactam inhibits bacterial &beta;-lactamases. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Ceftazidime_and_avibactam.svg" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ceftazidime_and_avibactam.svg.png" width="220" height="248" /></p>

<p>Investment in new antimicrobials, especially those that target multi-drug-resistant pathogens, is not commercially attractive because they are subject to strict controls to restrict their use to slow the development of resistance. This means sales could be low. The new payment method overcomes this by ensuring a fixed annual fee is paid to the company regardless of how many prescriptions are issued.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Ultra large Chemical Libraries</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Cheminformatics</category><category>Screening</category><category>hit identification</category><category>RSC</category><category>CICAG</category><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2022-03-26T11:08:11+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3301f4e5c0f19dec69bda9a6be69061d-502.html#unique-entry-id-502</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3301f4e5c0f19dec69bda9a6be69061d-502.html#unique-entry-id-502</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In a recent blog post Derek Lowe talked about "Virtual Screening Versus the Numbers"  <a href="https://www.science.org/content/blog-post/virtual-screening-versus-numbers">https://www.science.org/content/blog-post/virtual-screening-versus-numbers</a> highlighting some of the issues around ultra large chemical libraries.</p>

<p>It seems quite timely that RSC CICAG is organising a meeting on Ultra Large Chemical libraries 10 August 2022 10:00-17:00, Burlington House, London, United Kingdom.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>A decade ago a chemical library of a million compounds was considered large but over the last few years there has been a period of continuous growth in the size of both physical and virtual chemical libraries. As the libraries have grown the conventional search technologies have become unsustainable and new technologies are needed. This meeting will look at the challenges and solutions used to design, create, compare and search these ultra-large chemical libraries.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>There are more details and registration here <a href="https://www.rsc.org/events/detail/73675/ultra-large-chemical-libraries">https://www.rsc.org/events/detail/73675/ultra-large-chemical-libraries</a>.</p>

<p>It is now open for abstract submission (oral due by May 1st, posters June 2nd).</p>

<p>Registration fees</p>

<p>Delegate member early   &pound;95<br>
Delegate non-member early &pound;115<br>
Delegate member std &pound;120<br>
Delegate non-member std  &pound;145<br>
Student member early &pound;65<br>
Student non-member early &pound;85<br>
Student member std &pound;90<br>
Student non-member std &pound;110<br></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open-Source Tools workshops</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Open Source Drug Discovery</category><category>CICAG</category><dc:date>2022-03-24T13:30:52+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/10feda651e641137ec02e8e956ebdf2b-501.html#unique-entry-id-501</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/10feda651e641137ec02e8e956ebdf2b-501.html#unique-entry-id-501</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Registration for the next batch of Open-Source Tools workshops run by the RSC <a href="http://www.rsccicag.org">Chemical Information and Computer Applications Group</a> is now open.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.eventbrite.com/e/open-source-tools-for-chemistry-tickets-294585512197?">https://www.eventbrite.com/e/open-source-tools-for-chemistry-tickets-294585512197?</a>.</p>

<p>These workshops have been enormously popular and the interactions with the instructors have been especially valuable. Details of the next 3 workshops are described below.</p>

<p>All meetings start at 2 pm UK time (5 min break after 1 hour). All run using Zoom Webinar</p>

<p>21 April 2022 PDBe Knowledge Base (David Armstrong)</p>

<p>This workshop explores the Protein Data Bank in Europe Knowledge Base (PDBe-KB https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/) resource and its tools for the investigation, analysis, and interpretation of biomacromolecular structures. PDBe-KB brings together data from all PDB entries and displays this data as aggregated information for individual proteins, including ligand binding sites, macromolecular interactions and more. Furthermore, this community-led resource brings together structural and functional information from a host of other related resources.
In this workshop, you will learn how to use the PDBe-KB aggregated views for proteins to investigate structural and function information for proteins and their associated ligands. We will also demonstrate effective use of novel visualisation components of large-scale structural data on these pages, including 3D visualisation of superposed protein structures with their bound ligands.</p>

<p>19 May 2022 KILFS database (Albert Jelke Kooistra, Andrea Volkamer )</p>

<p>Over the past three decades, six thousand structures of the catalytic kinase domain have been made publicly available via the Protein Data Bank. But to what extent are we making use of this wealth of information? In order to harness this data in a better way and to make it readily available for all to use in their research, KLIFS (https://klifs.net) was constructed. KLIFS, i.e. the Kinase&ndash;Ligand Interaction Fingerprints and Structures database, is a structural kinase database that systematically collects and processes all structures of the catalytic kinase domain. With the database, you can - for example - easily get a complete overview of all structures, search for ligands with a specific binding mode, identify analogs or your ligands of interest, collect data for your data mining and machine learning applications. </p>

<p>For this workshop, the developers of KLIFS have teamed up with the Volkamer Lab and therefore the workshop will be divided into two segments. First, Albert J. Kooistra will give an introduction to KLIFS and demonstrate different functionalities of the KLIFS website and the integration of KLIFS in KNIME via the 3D-e-Chem nodes. In the second half, Andrea Volkamer and Dominique Sydow will demonstrate, based on their new kinase-focused TeachOpenCADD workflow, how to assess kinase similarity from different data perspectives. They will emphasize their Python package KiSSim &ndash; a KLIFS-based kinase structural similarity fingerprint, and OpenCADD-KLIFS &ndash; a Python module to facilitate the integration of KLIFS data into kinase research workflows.</p>

<p>23 June 2022 Scoring of shape and ESP similarity (Ester Heid)</p>

<p>Electrostatic effects along with volume restrictions play a major role in enzyme and receptor recognition. Evaluating electrostatic and shape similarities of pairs of molecules such as proposed versus known ligands can therefore be valuable indicators of prospective binding affinities. This workshop will demonstrate how to compute electrostatic and shape similarities using the open-source tool ESP-Sim (github.com/hesther/espsim, doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2021-sqvv9-v3). Available options for comparing electrostatics will be discussed interactively on selected examples of public datasets, along with advice on embedding and aligning molecules prior to computing similarities.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Dame Carol Robinson BMCS Hall of Fame inductee</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>BMCS</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2022-01-15T11:38:58+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/74f5ef51579bbde1a82d13ea53b55163-500.html#unique-entry-id-500</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/74f5ef51579bbde1a82d13ea53b55163-500.html#unique-entry-id-500</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I'm really delighted to see that Dame Carol Robinson is the 2021 inductee to the RSC BMCS Hall of Fame. Her group's work on using Mass Spec to investigate biomolecular process is stunning science and her Keynote at the 2021 Cambridge MedChem meeting was one of the highlights of the meeting.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="2021-Hall-of-Fame-Winner-Announcement-FINAL" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2021-hall-of-fame-winner-announcement-final.png" width="595" height="419" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Longitudinal analysis reveals high prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus associated with multiple sclerosis</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Multiple Sclerosis</category><dc:date>2022-01-14T07:31:42+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/776442dc4b7a44c5e1bfe345f598071f-499.html#unique-entry-id-499</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/776442dc4b7a44c5e1bfe345f598071f-499.html#unique-entry-id-499</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The link between Epstein-Barr virus and multiple sclerosis has been suggested for some time but this publication in Science really underlines the importance. </p>

<p>"Longitudinal analysis reveals high prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus associated with multiple sclerosis" <a href="https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abj8222">DOI</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system of unknown etiology. We tested the hypothesis that MS is caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in a cohort comprising more than 10 million young adults on active duty in the US military, 955 of whom were diagnosed with MS during their period of service. Risk of MS increased 32-fold after infection with EBV but was not increased after infection with other viruses, including the similarly transmitted cytomegalovirus. Serum levels of neurofilament light chain, a biomarker of neuroaxonal degeneration, increased only after EBV seroconversion. These findings cannot be explained by any known risk factor for MS and suggest EBV as the leading cause of MS.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Almost everyone gets exposed to EBV (Human gammaherpesvirus 4) and it is the cause of glandular fever (aka infectious mononucleosis), after you get an EBV infection, the virus becomes latent (inactive) in your body. In some cases, the virus may reactivate. EBV infects the B cells of the immune system and epithelial cells. Once EBV's initial lytic infection is brought under control, EBV latency persists in the individual's B cells for the rest of their life.</p>

<p>EBV has been implicated in a variety of other diseases including various cancers.</p>

<p>This publication will certainly added increased interest in the Moderna the Phase I Eclipse clinical trial of its Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) vaccine candidate, mRNA-1189. <a href="https://www.clinicaltrialsarena.com/news/moderna-ebv-vaccine-trial/">https://www.clinicaltrialsarena.com/news/moderna-ebv-vaccine-trial/</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Annual site review</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2022-01-08T09:48:44+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2c52eb01890d2464fb736ee65e390cdd-498.html#unique-entry-id-498</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2c52eb01890d2464fb736ee65e390cdd-498.html#unique-entry-id-498</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As 2022 starts I'd like to wish you all a Happy New Year and hope that 2022 marks the start of the recovery from the pandemic.</p>

<p>The <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources website</a> continues to increase in popularity with 193,322 page views, an increase of 31% over the figure for 2020. The pages were visited by over 95,308 viewers and around 20% of the visitors come back on multiple occasions suggesting they find it useful. The visitors come from 180 different countries with the top countries being</p>

<ul>
<li>United States (25%)</li>
<li>United Kingdom (14%)</li>
<li>India (13%)</li>
<li>Germany (3.6%)</li>
<li>Canada (3%)</li>
<li>South Korea (2.5%)</li>
</ul>

<p>Perhaps not unexpectedly one of the popular pages was <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/COVIDchecklist.html">COVID-19 and the Identification of "Drug Candidates"</a> a checklist for those using virtual screening to identify potential hits for COVID-19 targets.</p>

<p>The other most viewed pages were</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/logD.html">Lipophilicity</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/">Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/distribution.html">Distribution and Plasma Protein Binding</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">Molecular Interactions</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/focus/kinaseinhib.html">Kinase Inhibitors</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/acid_bioisosteres.html">Acid Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/aromatic_bioisosteres.html">Aromatic Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com//resources/hit_identification/aspartic_protease_inhibitors.html">Aspartic Acid Proteases</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/solvation.html">Solvation and desolvation</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/herg_activity.html">HERG Activity</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment based screening</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/">ADME</a></li>

</ul>

<p>Looking at the operating systems 54% are Windows users, 20% Mac users, 13% Android, 9% iOS and 2% Linux.</p>

<p>I don't know how comprehensive the analytics software is but there is approximately a 50:50 M:F split for Gender.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seasons Greetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2021-12-16T11:24:48+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c0c279d16da20cee27d4053c6d583849-497.html#unique-entry-id-497</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c0c279d16da20cee27d4053c6d583849-497.html#unique-entry-id-497</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It has been a mild winter here so far but some lovely still mornings. Take care everyone and have a great break and a successful New Year. As ever monies saved on cards will be donated to the MS Society. <a href="https://www.mssociety.org.uk">https://www.mssociety.org.uk</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="IMG_3257" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/img_3257.jpg" width="1613" height="1210" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2021-12-15T15:27:31+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/89bfc2758d8aba307390dea9c0742317-496.html#unique-entry-id-496</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/89bfc2758d8aba307390dea9c0742317-496.html#unique-entry-id-496</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've been waiting for this for a while. <a href="https://www.cos.io/rpcb">Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology was an 8-year effort to replicate experiments from high-impact cancer biology papers published between 2010 and 2012. The project was a collaboration between the Center of Open Science and Science Exchange with all papers published as part of this project available in a collection at eLife and all replication data, code, and digital materials for the project available in a collection on OSF.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The work tried to repeat 193 experiments from 53 papers and found a significant number of challenges.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="ReproducibiltyReport" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/reproducibiltyreport.png" width="595" height="296" /></p>

<p>In summary</p>

<ul>
<li>Replication effect sizes were 85% smaller on average than the original findings</li>
<li>46% of effects replicated successfully on more criteria than they failed</li>
<li>Original positive results were half as likely to replicate successfully (40%) than original null results (80%)</li>
</ul>

<p>This quote from <a href="http://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2017/06/30/how-to-know-when-a-new-target-is-really-a-new-target">In the Pipeline</a> is perhaps a useful reminder.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>A robust result can probably be reproduced even if you switch to a different buffer, or if your cell lines have been passaged a different number of times, or if the concentration of the test molecule is a bit off, etc. The more persnickity and local the conditions have to be, the less robust your result is, and in general (sad to say) the lower the odds of it having a real-world impact in drug discovery. There are certainly important things that can only be demonstrated under very precise conditions, don&rsquo;t get me wrong &ndash; but when you&rsquo;re expecting umpteen thousand patients to take your drug candidate and show real effects, your underlying hypothesis needs to be able to take a good kicking and still come through.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>EFMC awards</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Awards</category><dc:date>2021-12-10T07:25:19+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8a87a6700d8cab02b431fb694f729722-495.html#unique-entry-id-495</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8a87a6700d8cab02b431fb694f729722-495.html#unique-entry-id-495</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To acknowledge outstanding achievements in the field of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, EFMC confers every two years three Awards. The 2022 Awards will be presented at the XXVII EFMC "International Symposium on Medicinal Chemistry" (EFMC-ISMC 2022) to be held in Nice, France on September 4-8, 2022.</p>

<p>All 3 awards consist of a diploma, 7.500&euro; and an invitation to give a headline presentation at EFMC-ISMC 2022. </p>

<p>THE NAUTA PHARMACOCHEMISTRY AWARD FOR MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL BIOLOGY</p>

<p>THE UCB-EHRLICH AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY</p>

<p>THE PROUS INSTITUTE - OVERTON and MEYER AWARD FOR NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN DRUG DISCOVERY</p>

<p>More details here <a href="https://www.efmc.info/awards">https://www.efmc.info/awards</a></p>

<p>Nominations for these Awards consist of a nomination letter, a brief CV including a list of selected publications and two supporting letters. Self-nominations are also accepted. The nominations should be submitted to Prof. Rui Moreira, President of the EFMC here <a href="https://www.efmc.info/cust_awards.php?langue=english&amp;cle_menus=1187970296">https://www.efmc.info/cust<em>awards.php?langue=english&amp;cle</em>menus=1187970296</a></p>

<p>Submission deadline: January 31, 2022</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>2022 Summer Placements at Diamond</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Training</category><dc:date>2021-12-01T19:17:09+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/942238882777a971bf591960aef9290f-494.html#unique-entry-id-494</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/942238882777a971bf591960aef9290f-494.html#unique-entry-id-494</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Applications are now open for 12-week summer placements projects available at Diamond starting in June 2022. Absolutely fantastic opportunities.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.diamond.ac.uk/Careers/Students/Summer-Placement/2022-Summer-Placements1.html">https://www.diamond.ac.uk/Careers/Students/Summer-Placement/2022-Summer-Placements1.html</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Diamond Light Source is the UK&rsquo;s national synchrotron. It works like a giant microscope, harnessing the power of electrons to produce bright light that scientists can use to study anything from fossils to jet engines to viruses and vaccines.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Find out more about the European Lead Factory </title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>elf</category><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2021-11-17T11:00:11+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1fc578352150b3c41c9e43cee6e8ccfb-493.html#unique-entry-id-493</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1fc578352150b3c41c9e43cee6e8ccfb-493.html#unique-entry-id-493</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>On Tuesday 30 November, members of the European Lead Factory (ELF) will participate in a webinar organised by the Young Scientists Network (YSN) of the European Federation of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology (EFMC).</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The topic of the session is &ldquo;Biological Testing of Hit Compounds&rdquo;. Dr Vera Nies, Programme Manager at Lygature (the coordinating partner of the ELF) will give an introduction to the European Lead Factory. Her talk will be followed by a presentation entitled "Best practices in High Throughput Screening: ELF as an example", by Dr Steven van Helden of Pivot Park Screening Centre. The last ELF member presentation will be given by Dr Phil Jones of BioAscent, who will talk about the &ldquo;Approaches Towards PAINSless Lead Generation&rdquo;.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>More details and registration here <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/newsroom/elf-participate-efmc-ysn-webinar">https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/newsroom/elf-participate-efmc-ysn-webinar</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Medicines for millions of patients</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>BMCS</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2021-11-11T18:52:52+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8f447825a4a803feb353d4d4c4e71e2d-492.html#unique-entry-id-492</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8f447825a4a803feb353d4d4c4e71e2d-492.html#unique-entry-id-492</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A lot has happened over the last year but one of the high spots was the latest inductee to the 2020 RSC BMCS Hall of Fame. <a href="https://www.rscbmcs.org/awards/halloffame/">https://www.rscbmcs.org/awards/halloffame/</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The BMCS is delighted to announce that David Rees PhD, FRSC, FMedSci, Chief Scientific Officer at Astex Pharmaceuticals, will be the 2020 inductee to its Hall of Fame, and the recipient of the associated medal. David is recognised internationally for his innovative use of chemistry in drug discovery. His research has forged bridges between academia and industry and he has held prominent positions in learned societies such as the Royal Society of Chemistry. He has led collaborations resulting in the discovery of three launched drugs, the anaesthetic agent Sugammadex which has been used in over 30 million patients in 60 countries, and the anti-cancer agents Ribociclib and Erdafitinib, both predicted to achieve blockbuster status. Much of Astex&rsquo;s industry-leading productivity has been dependant on David&rsquo;s chemical expertise. David is well known for his calm authority, scientific rigor and enthusiasm, and has over 140 publications and patents.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>David gave a fabulous presentation at the  21st RSC / SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium in Cambridge and I'm delighted that this talk has been converted into an article published in <a href="https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2021/md/d1md00279a">RSC Medicinal Chemistry</a>.</p>

<p>As many of you know I'm a keen advocate of looking at the number of patients treated rather than simple sales figures and David makes this point very eloquently.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ELF programs available for partnering</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>elf</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2021-11-03T07:32:19+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dd2efb13542acf04b225df95821c1892-491.html#unique-entry-id-491</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dd2efb13542acf04b225df95821c1892-491.html#unique-entry-id-491</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The European Lead Factory (ELF) is a collaborative public-private partnership aiming to deliver innovative drug discovery starting points. The ELFgives free access to up to 550,000 novel compounds, a unique industry-standard uHTS platform, and much more.</p>

<p>The success of the ELF approach has been <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/98ad66b3de74f8c2de095b6b0b1f1610-270.html">widely acknowledged</a> and the output has shown to be of high quality, worth following up and investment-ready. Funding for further development has been secured for several programmes, and by March 2018 two programmes have led to partnering deals being closed between the Programme Owner and an established pharmaceutical company.</p>

<p>A number of projects are now available for partnering.</p>

<p>The <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/results/portfolio/elf-programmes-available-partnering">available projects are here</a>.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/results/portfolio/elf-programmes-available-partnering"><img class="imageStyle" alt="ELFprograms" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/elfprograms.jpg" width="634" height="658" /></a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fluoxamine COVID-19 treatment</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><dc:date>2021-10-28T07:30:03+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b3916790ebcd1a82bb462ec19fe0f8fc-490.html#unique-entry-id-490</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b3916790ebcd1a82bb462ec19fe0f8fc-490.html#unique-entry-id-490</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There have been several recent studies suggesting fluvoxamine may be beneficial when treating COVID-19 patients. Most of these reports are small trials that lack the statistical power to provide a solid answer. This has changed with the TOGETHER trial consortium who have been evaluating several different potential treatments shown in the table below. They also undertook a study investigating treatment with Ivermectin that was "stopped for futility".</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="togethertrials" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/togethertrials.png" width="728" height="469" /></p>

<p>The results of the Fluvoxamine trial have now been published "Effect of early treatment with fluvoxamine on risk of emergency care and hospitalisation among patients with COVID-19: the TOGETHER randomised, platform clinical trial" <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00448-4">DOI</a>. This appears to be a large (741 patients were allocated to fluvoxamine and 756 to placebo) well conducted blinded trial. The average age of the patients was 50 years, 42% male 58% female. Primary end points were related to hospitalisation. They enrolled only participants with diagnosed COVID-19 and less than 7 days of symptom onset using a commercially available COVID-19 rapid antigen test. </p>

<p>The proportion of patients observed in a COVID-19 emergency setting for more than 6 h or transferred to a teritary hospital due to COVID-19 was lower for the fluvoxamine group compared with placebo (79 [11%] of 741 vs 119 [16%] of 756). </p>

<p>The mechanism of action is uncertain but the initial hypothesis was based on the anti-inflammatory action of fluvoxamine. Fluvoxamine is a Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), however if does have other activities <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL1409">CHEMBL1409/</a></p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="fluoxamine" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fluoxamine.jpg" width="283" height="294" /></p>

<p>SMILES = COCCCC/C(=N\OCCN)c1ccc(C(F)(F)F)cc1.O=C(O)/C=C\C(=O)O</p>

<p>It is worth noting Fluvoxamine is not an antiviral but it may act via anti-inflammatory effects that likely stem from its regulation of S1R, which modulates innate and adaptive immune responses and Fluvoxamine may serve to dampen cytokine storms.  There have been reviews of the potential mechanism of action <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.652688">DOI</a>. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Antiviral Molnupiravir Reduced the Risk of Hospitalization or Death by Approximately 50 Percent Compared to Placebo for Patients with Mild or Moderate COVID-19</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><dc:date>2021-10-01T13:23:07+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ce2bbc78c605e10fcddced456cb27d88-489.html#unique-entry-id-489</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ce2bbc78c605e10fcddced456cb27d88-489.html#unique-entry-id-489</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Merck have just announced that the Investigational Oral Antiviral Molnupiravir Reduced the Risk of Hospitalization or Death by Approximately 50 Percent Compared to Placebo for Patients with Mild or Moderate COVID-19 in Positive Interim Analysis of Phase 3 Study.</p>

<p>Link to report <a href="https://www.merck.com/news/merck-and-ridgebacks-investigational-oral-antiviral-molnupiravir-reduced-the-risk-of-hospitalization-or-death-by-approximately-50-percent-compared-to-placebo-for-patients-with-mild-or-moderat/">https://www.merck.com/news/merck-and-ridgebacks-investigational-oral-antiviral-molnupiravir-reduced-the-risk-of-hospitalization-or-death-by-approximately-50-percent-compared-to-placebo-for-patients-with-mild-or-moderat/</a></p>

<p>Great news, but bear in mind this is only an interim study, so keep those fingers crossed.</p>

<p>Molnupiravir (development codes MK-4482 and EIDD-2801) is an experimental antiviral drug which is orally active and was developed for the treatment of influenza. It is a prodrug of the synthetic nucleoside derivative N4-hydroxycytidine, and exerts its antiviral action through introduction of copying errors during viral RNA replication. <span style="font-size:11px; color:#181819;"><br></span>
<img class="imageStyle" alt="MK-4482" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/mk-4482.png" width="440" height="405" /></p>

<p>InChI=1S/C13H19N3O7/c1-6(2)12(19)22-5-7-9(17)10(18)11(23-7)16-4-3-8(15-21)14-13(16)20/h3-4,6-7,9-11,17-18,21H,5H2,1-2H3,(H,14,15,20)/t7-,9-,10-,11-/m1/s1<br>
CHEBI <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:180653">https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:180653</a><br></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>COVID moonshot to get £8M funding</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><dc:date>2021-09-27T18:39:49+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3b5dc5ebbf6559a69ae6fc97828ceae2-488.html#unique-entry-id-488</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3b5dc5ebbf6559a69ae6fc97828ceae2-488.html#unique-entry-id-488</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A great start to the week.</p>

<p>The COVID Moonshot, a non-profit, open-science consortium of scientists from around the world dedicated to the discovery of globally affordable and easily-manufactured antiviral drugs against COVID-19 and future viral pandemics has received key funding of &pound;8 million from Wellcome, on behalf of the Covid-19 Therapeutics Accelerator.</p>

<p><a href="https://dndi.org/press-releases/2021/covid-moonshot-funded-by-wellcome-to-rapidly-develop-safe-globally-accessible-affordable-antiviral-pill/">https://dndi.org/press-releases/2021/covid-moonshot-funded-by-wellcome-to-rapidly-develop-safe-globally-accessible-affordable-antiviral-pill/</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>2022 RSC Medicinal Chemistry Emerging Investigator Lectureship</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2021-09-23T11:36:14+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fcdb7a329e99d3661f1fe8bcb2b7b021-487.html#unique-entry-id-487</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fcdb7a329e99d3661f1fe8bcb2b7b021-487.html#unique-entry-id-487</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Nominations are now open for the 2022 RSC Medicinal Chemistry Emerging Investigator Lectureship and close on 08 October 2021. The lectureship is open to candidates who received their PhD in 2012 or later and who have made a significant contribution to medicinal chemistry in their early career.</p>

<p>The RSC welcome nominations from anyone, to be sent to our journal inbox at medchem-rsc@rsc.org, but ask that nominations include the name and affiliation of the researcher, along with at least one paragraph explaining their achievements and why they should be considered (a CV is not required, but is helpful if sent along with the nomination). Additionally, self-nominations are welcomed if accompanied by a letter of support from the nominees&rsquo; institute.</p>

<p>There are more details about nominations on our webpage here: <a href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/about-journals/rsc-medicinal-chemistry/#Lectureship_MChemCom">https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/about-journals/rsc-medicinal-chemistry/#Lectureship_MChemCom</a>.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.rsc.org/journals-books-databases/about-journals/rsc-medicinal-chemistry/#Lectureship_MChemCom" target="_blank"><img class="imageStyle" alt="lectureship" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/lectureship.png" width="1200" height="628" /></a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>CYPlebrity: Machine learning models for the prediction of inhibitors of cytochrome P450 enzymes</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>CytochromeP450</category><dc:date>2021-09-05T09:02:24+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ad5d6ecf464dd4452e0e5742b800516e-486.html#unique-entry-id-486</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ad5d6ecf464dd4452e0e5742b800516e-486.html#unique-entry-id-486</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>CYPlebrity: Machine learning models for the prediction of inhibitors of cytochrome P450 enzymes <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116388">DOI</a>, <a href="https://nerdd.univie.ac.at/cyplebrity/">https://nerdd.univie.ac.at/cyplebrity/</a>, structures can be submitted in SMILES format or drawn using the sketcher. The calculation takes a few second per compound and the results are displayed as shown below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="cyplebrity" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cyplebrity.png" width="794" height="187" /></p>

<p>Added to the section on <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/CYP_interactions.html">CYP Interactions</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Alphafold in Opentargets</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2021-08-12T13:22:21+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/86aacb727b97c7872962568199dfcf04-485.html#unique-entry-id-485</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/86aacb727b97c7872962568199dfcf04-485.html#unique-entry-id-485</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Thanks to fantastic work from the folks at UniProt, the <a href="https://platform.opentargets.org/target/ENSG00000167207">Open Targets Platform target profile pages</a> now feature DeepMind&rsquo;s AlphaFold data.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="OpenTargetsAlphafold1" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/opentargetsalphafold1.png" width="680" height="518" /></p>

<p>Can be easily linked to disease associations.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="OpenTargetsAlphafold2" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/opentargetsalphafold2.png" width="680" height="533" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>AlphaFold Protein Structure Database</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>PDB</category><category>protein-structure</category><dc:date>2021-07-25T13:49:56+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/011f7b94539a2609371db159f516823e-484.html#unique-entry-id-484</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/011f7b94539a2609371db159f516823e-484.html#unique-entry-id-484</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk">AlphaFold Protein Structure Database</a> Developed by DeepMind and EMBL-EBI is now available online.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>AlphaFold DB provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and 20 other key organisms to accelerate scientific research.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>AlphaFold DB currently provides predicted structures for the organisms listed below and includes human, laboratory species, and key pathogens. All the predictions for all the species can be downloaded from the EBI FTP site <a href="ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/alphafold">ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/alphafold</a>.</p>

<table>
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>Species</th> <th>Common Name</th> <th>Reference Proteome</th> <th>Predicted Structures</th> <th>Download</th>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    <tr>
        <th>Arabidopsis thaliana</th> <td>Arabidopsis</td> <td>UP000006548 </td> <td>27,434</td> <td>Download (3642 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Caenorhabditis elegans</th> <td>Nematode worm</td> <td>UP000001940 </td> <td>19,694</td> <td>Download (2601 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Candida albicans</th> <td>C. albicans</td> <td>UP000000559 </td> <td>5,974</td> <td>Download (965 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Danio rerio</th> <td>Zebrafish</td> <td>UP000000437 </td> <td>24,664</td> <td>Download (4141 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Dictyostelium discoideum</th> <td>Dictyostelium</td> <td>UP000002195 </td> <td>12,622</td> <td>Download (2150 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Drosophila melanogaster</th> <td>Fruit fly</td> <td>UP000000803 </td> <td>13,458</td> <td>Download (2174 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Escherichia coli</th> <td>E. coli</td> <td>UP000000625 </td> <td>4,363</td> <td>Download (448 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Glycine max</th> <td>Soybean</td> <td>UP000008827 </td> <td>55,799</td> <td>Download (7142 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Homo sapiens</th> <td>Human</td> <td>UP000005640 </td> <td>23,391</td> <td>Download (4784 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Leishmania infantum</th> <td>L. infantum</td> <td>UP000008153 </td> <td>7,924</td> <td>Download (1481 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Methanocaldococcus jannaschii</th> <td>M. jannaschii</td> <td>UP000000805 </td> <td>1,773</td> <td>Download (171 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Mus musculus</th> <td>Mouse</td> <td>UP000000589 </td> <td>21,615</td> <td>Download (3547 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</th> <td>M. tuberculosis</td> <td>UP000001584 </td> <td>3,988</td> <td>Download (421 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Oryza sativa</th> <td>Asian rice</td> <td>UP000059680 </td> <td>43,649</td> <td>Download (4416 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Plasmodium falciparum</th> <td>P. falciparum</td> <td>UP000001450 </td> <td>5,187</td> <td>Download (1132 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Rattus norvegicus</th> <td>Rat</td> <td>UP000002494 </td> <td>21,272</td> <td>Download (3404 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</th> <td>Budding yeast</td> <td>UP000002311 </td> <td>6,040</td> <td>Download (960 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</th> <td>Fission yeast</td> <td>UP000002485 </td> <td>5,128</td> <td>Download (776 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Staphylococcus aureus</th> <td>S. aureus</td> <td>UP000008816 </td> <td>2,888</td> <td>Download (268 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Trypanosoma cruzi</th> <td>T. cruzi</td> <td>UP000002296 </td> <td>19,036</td> <td>Download (2905 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Zea mays</th> <td>Maize</td> <td>UP000007305 </td> <td>39,299</td> <td>Download (5014 MB)</td>
    </tr>
    </tbody>
</table>

<p>The search bar at the top of the <a href="https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk">query page</a> accepts queries based on protein name, gene name, UniProt identifier, or organism name.  At present you can't search using a sequence and look for similar proteins. You would first need to do a <a href="https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi">BLAST search</a> and use the results from that as queries.</p>

<p>Here I searched for Plasmodium falciparum carbonic anhydrase (Q8IHW5) a potential Malaria target. As you can see there is no crystal structure in the PDB. Whilst the active site is predicted with high confidence there are clearly regions for which there is very low confidence.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="pfCAalphafold" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/pfcaalphafold.png" width="841" height="684" /></p>

<p>You can then download the structure in PDB or mmCIF format.</p>

<p>I made a homology model (in purple below) of this protein a while back and it has little sequence similarity with any proteins in the PDB. Despite not including a Zinc the Alphafold Predicted Structure includes histidines in positions to potentially coordinate to the Zinc. If it is possible to include the Zinc in the structure prediction I'd be interested in finding out.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="PfCA" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/pfca.png" width="722" height="650" /></p>

<p>Overall I'd say this is a very useful starting point.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The PROTACtable genome</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>PROTAC</category><dc:date>2021-07-24T10:32:39+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a97ef9080ef84522aa5def89a26a15da-483.html#unique-entry-id-483</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a97ef9080ef84522aa5def89a26a15da-483.html#unique-entry-id-483</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/protacs/protacs.html">PROTACs</a> have become more widespread the obvious question is which proteins are best suited to modulation by Protacs? A recent publication provides useful guidelines The PROTACtable genome <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41573-021-00245-x">DOI</a>. The workflow is based on a method developed by a group at GSK, subsequently expanded and now integrated into the <a href="https://platform.opentargets.org">Open Targets Platform</a>. Using publicly available data sources, the new method assesses whether a protein could be targeted using a PROTAC, based on the protein&rsquo;s sequence, location, natural turnover rate in the cell, and evidence from published literature. The framework will help drug discovery researchers to gauge the PROTACtability of their protein of interest, and to prioritise their research accordingly.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="The PROTACtable genome" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/the-protactable-genome.png" width="774" height="388" /></p>

<p>More details on <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/protacs/protacs.html">PROTACs here</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br /><br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>AI4Proteins videos now online</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>artificial intelligence</category><category>Screening</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><dc:date>2021-07-14T10:02:08+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/aadfcded5845c5068eea1a59ec047d74-482.html#unique-entry-id-482</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/aadfcded5845c5068eea1a59ec047d74-482.html#unique-entry-id-482</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>On June 16/17 2021 <a href="http://www.rsccicag.org">RSC CICAG</a> and <a href="https://www.ai3sd.org">AI3D</a> held a joint meeting on <a href="https://www.ai3sd.org/ai3sd-event/17-06-2021-ai3sd-rsc-cicag-protein-structure-prediction/">Protein Structure Prediction</a>. The full lineup of speakers, titles and abstracts can be found <a href="https://www.ai3sd.org/ai4proteins2021/agenda/">here</a>.</p>

<p><strong>Session 1:</strong> Session Chair: Professor Jeremy Frey (University of Southampton) <br>
An AI solution to the protein folding problem: what is it, how did it happen, and some implications Professor John Moult (University of Maryland) <br>
<strong>Session 2</strong>: Session Chair: Dr Melanie Vollmar (Diamond) <br>
So you predicted a protein structure &ndash; What now?  Dr Thomas Steinbrecher (Schr&ouml;dinger)<br>
Deep Learning enhanced prediction of protein structure and dynamics Dr Martina Audagnotto (AstraZeneca)<br>
Fireflies-L&eacute;vy Flights algorithm for peptides conformational optimization Dr Zied Hosni (University of Sheffield)<br>
<strong>Session 3</strong>: Session Chair: Dr Chris Swain (Cambridge MedChem Consulting)<br>
How good are protein structure prediction methods at predicting folding pathways? Mr Carlos Outeiral Rubiera (University of Oxford)<br>
Protein-Ligand Structure Prediction for GPCR Drug Design    Dr Chris De Graaf (Sosei Heptares)<br>
<strong>Session 4</strong>: Session Chair: Dr M&aacute;rton Vass<br>
Using icospherical input data in machine learning on the protein-binding problem Dr Ella Gale (University of Bristol)<br>
Biological sequence design with machine learning    Professor Debora Marks (Harvard University)<br>
<strong>Session 5</strong>: Session Chair: Dr Simone Fulle (Novo Nordisk)<br>
Lessons learned from generative models of biological sequences Professor Aleksej Zelezniak (Chalmers University of Technology)<br>
DeepDock: a deep learning approach to predict ligand binding conformations Dr Oscar M&eacute;ndez-Lucio (Janssen Pharmaceuticals)<br>
Finding new in silico-based therapeutic strategies for IAHSP    Dr Matteo Rossi Sebastiano (University of Turin)<br>
<strong>Session 6:</strong> Session Chair: Professor Jonathan Goodman (University of Cambridge)<br>
Designing molecular models by machine learning and experimental data Professor Cecilia Clementi (Freie Universit&auml;t Berlin)<br>
The &ldquo;almost druggable&rdquo; genome Professor Tudor Oprea (University of New Mexico) <br>
<strong>Session 7</strong>: Session Chair: Dr Lucy Colwell (University of Cambridge)<br>
General Effects of AI on Drug Discovery Dr Derek Lowe (Novartis)<br>
Open Access Data: A Cornerstone for Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Protein Structure Prediction Professor Stephen Burley (RCSB PDB, Rutgers University, UCSD)<br></p>

<p>The videos of the presentations are now available on YouTube and you can access the playlist here <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLBQwbn0mPhvWyTLnN6_eFsbIwb5FByrs_">https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLBQwbn0mPhvWyTLnN6<em>eFsbIwb5FByrs</em></a>.</p>

<p>For those wanting a hype free insight into the impact AI might make on Drug Discovery then the <a href="https://youtu.be/YJg0WwUANEQ">presentation by Derek Lowe</a> is well worth watching.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Targets Platform 21.06 has been released!</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2021-07-11T20:17:04+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6c77e1997319d6016b873e9f76f6b6de-481.html#unique-entry-id-481</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6c77e1997319d6016b873e9f76f6b6de-481.html#unique-entry-id-481</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://platform.opentargets.org">Open Targets Platform 21.06</a> has been released</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The Open Targets Platform is a comprehensive tool that supports systematic identification and prioritisation of potential therapeutic drug targets. By integrating publicly available datasets including data generated by the Open Targets consortium, the Platform builds and scores target-disease associations to assist in drug target identification and prioritisation. It also integrates relevant annotation information about targets, diseases, phenotypes, and drugs, as well as their most relevant relationships.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Currently there are:-</p>

<p>Targets 60,606 <br />
Diseases    18,507 <br />
Drugs   13,185 <br />
Evidence strings    13,267,236 <br />
Associations    11,755,362  </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Computational Prediction of covalent Inhibitors</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Covalent inhibitors</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><dc:date>2021-06-29T07:55:51+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b5461dc8dfb9090e8638a981994c2177-480.html#unique-entry-id-480</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b5461dc8dfb9090e8638a981994c2177-480.html#unique-entry-id-480</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/covalent.html">Covalent Inhibitors</a> are an increasingly important class of therapeutic agents.</p>

<p>A computational pipeline has been described by the London lab to predict suggest covalent analogs of non-covalent ligands <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.05.018">DOI</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Designing covalent inhibitors is increasingly important, although it remains challenging. Here, we present covalentizer, a computational pipeline for identifying irreversible inhibitors based on structures of targets with non-covalent binders. Through covalent docking of tailored focused libraries, we identify candidates that can bind covalently to a nearby cysteine while preserving the interactions of the original molecule. We found <span style="font:12px .AppleSystemUIFont; ">&sim;</span>11,000 cysteines proximal to a ligand across 8,386 complexes in the PDB. Of these, the protocol identified 1,553 structures with covalent predictions. In a prospective evaluation, five out of nine predicted covalent kinase inhibitors showed half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values between 155 nM and 4.5 &mu;M. Application against an existing SARS-CoV Mpro reversible inhibitor led to an acrylamide inhibitor series with low micromolar IC50 values against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The docking was validated by 12 co-crystal structures. Together these examples hint at the vast number of covalent inhibitors accessible through our protocol.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>RDKit was used for 2D molecular handling, conformation generation and RMSD calculation. RDKit: Open-source cheminformatics; version 2018.09.3; RDKit.org. Marvin was used in the process of preparing the molecules for docking, Marvin 17.21.0, ChemAxon (https://www.chemaxon.com). OpenBabel (http:// openbabel.org/wiki/Main_Page) was used to switch between molecular file formats. DOCKovalent (London et al., 2014) was used for virtual covalent docking. The Covalentizer code is available at https://github.com/LondonLab/Covalentizer.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug-induced phospholipidosis confounds drug repurposing for SARS-CoV-2</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Coronavirus</category><category>COVID-19</category><dc:date>2021-06-26T07:55:49+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/397c51bf4dadad35671e287f6bbfbab1-479.html#unique-entry-id-479</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/397c51bf4dadad35671e287f6bbfbab1-479.html#unique-entry-id-479</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>An interesting open access paper in Science "Drug-induced phospholipidosis confounds drug repurposing for SARS-CoV-2" <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abi4708">DOI</a> points a potential flaw in interpreting in vitro data. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Repurposing drugs as treatments for COVID-19 has drawn much attention. Beginning with sigma receptor ligands, and expanding to other drugs from screening in the field, we became concerned that phospholipidosis was a shared mechanism underlying the antiviral activity of many repurposed drugs. For all of the 23 cationic amphiphilic drugs tested, including hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, amiodarone, and four others already in clinical trials, phospholipidosis was monotonically correlated with antiviral efficacy. Conversely, drugs active against the same targets that did not induce phospholipidosis were not antiviral. </p>
</blockquote>

<p>Phospholipidosis is well known phenomena for those involved in drug discovery, it is based on the physicochemical properties of the molecule and results in  excessive accumulation of intracellular phospholipids in tissues, such as the liver, kidney and lung. The resulting accumulation can lead to liver, kidney, or respiratory failure.</p>

<p>Drug-induced phospholipidosis can be determined by measuring the accumulation of specific fluorescent probes in HepG2 cells or primary hepatocytes.</p>

<p>There is a more detailed explanation of the consequences here, "A Strategy for Risk Management of Drug-Induced Phospholipidosis" <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623309352496">DOI</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>6th RSC-BMCS Symposium on Mastering MedChem</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><category>Conferences</category><category>Tutorial</category><dc:date>2021-05-31T18:47:56+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cf236a101b2d323869062b5ba560c751-478.html#unique-entry-id-478</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cf236a101b2d323869062b5ba560c751-478.html#unique-entry-id-478</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The 6th RSC-BMCS symposium on mastering medicinal chemistry, a virtual event
 Tuesday &amp; Wednesday, 29th &amp; 30th June 2021 (two afternoon sessions).</p>

<p>This is a fantastic opportunity, two days of high quality presentations, the best way to learn MedChem is to listen to Case Histories. Details are here <a href="https://www.cathyhillevents.co.uk/BMCS/MMCVI.html">https://www.cathyhillevents.co.uk/BMCS/MMCVI.html</a>.</p>

<p>You can register here <a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/MMCVI-online_registration.htm">https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/MMCVI-online_registration.htm</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="MMCVIsecondannouncement" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/mmcvisecondannouncement.png" width="592" height="840" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>LifeArc funding Project Moonshot</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><dc:date>2021-05-20T09:49:49+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8c31b771de168244851d031df96855ae-477.html#unique-entry-id-477</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8c31b771de168244851d031df96855ae-477.html#unique-entry-id-477</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The independent medical charity <a href="https://www.lifearc.org">LifeArc</a> is to support an international effort to rapidly develop a potential antiviral candidate for COVID-19.</p>

<p>The grant will be entirely dedicated to the <a href="https://covid.postera.ai/covid">COVID Moonshot initiative</a>, which PostEra jointly leads alongside leading scientists from Diamond Light Source, Oxford University, Weizmann Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and MedChemica.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>On the Antibacterial Action of Cultures of a Penicillium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2021-05-10T06:24:00+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9fa4f4306b6fb216fb78c15afeed0007-476.html#unique-entry-id-476</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9fa4f4306b6fb216fb78c15afeed0007-476.html#unique-entry-id-476</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>May 10th 1929 is a very important day in drug discovery research, it was on this day that Alexander Fleming submitted his paper entitled "On the Antibacterial Action of Cultures of a Penicillium, with Special Reference to their Use in the Isolation of B. influenz&aelig;" <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2048009/">Br J Exp Pathol. 1929 Jun; 10(3): 226&ndash;236</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="penicillin" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/penicillin.png" width="566" height="467" /></p>

<p>Over 90 years later this chance discovery still has a major impact on health today.  Whilst isolation proved too challenging for Fleming he sent his Penicillium mold to anyone who requested it in hopes that they might isolate penicillin. It was only in 1940 that Howard Florey and team published the isolation and purification of Penicillin. Penicillin as a chemotherapeutic agent. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(01)08728-1">Lancet. 1940;236:226&ndash;8. 10.1016/S0140-6736(01)08728-1</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="penicillinActivity" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/penicillinactivity.png" width="676" height="236" /></p>

<p>The basic structure of the beta-lactam ring is shown below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="penicillinStructure" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/penicillinstructure.jpg" width="275" height="183" /></p>

<p>The beta lactam antibiotics (Penicillin and Cephalosporins) are a very well studied class of therapeutic agent, the mechanism of action is the inhibition of cell wall synthesis. Penicillin inhibits the formation of peptidoglycan cross-links in the bacterial cell wall; this is achieved through reaction of the &beta;-lactam ring of penicillin to the enzyme DD-transpeptidase. As a consequence, DD-transpeptidase cannot catalyze formation of the cell wall cross-links.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="penicillin" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/penicillin-2.png" width="552" height="195" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Predicting sites of metabolism</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>Metabolism</category><dc:date>2021-05-08T20:37:51+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cb26c8d5c4032e573e0a771dbeab5d04-475.html#unique-entry-id-475</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cb26c8d5c4032e573e0a771dbeab5d04-475.html#unique-entry-id-475</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've updated the predicting sites of metabolism page</p>

<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/predicting_metabolism.html">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/predicting_metabolism.html</a></p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="image002" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/image002.jpg" width="538" height="351" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Funding for novel antibiotic development</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2021-05-06T12:42:11+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4f51b8eda8f083c563eb16a4e5dea0f2-474.html#unique-entry-id-474</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4f51b8eda8f083c563eb16a4e5dea0f2-474.html#unique-entry-id-474</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Registration is open for a GNA NOW #webinar taking place on Wednesday 12 May from 10:00-11:00 (CEST).</p>

<p>The <a href="https://www.lygature.org/gna-now">GNA NOW Consortium</a> is looking for a novel antibiotic compound to progress to a clinical candidate. To find out more about what the Consortium is looking for, what&rsquo;s in it for you as a researcher, and how to submit a proposal, make sure not to miss this webinar! The session will feature presentations by Kristina Orrling from Lygature and Eric Bacqu&eacute; of Evotec.</p>

<p>Register for free <a href="https://www.lygature.org/registration-gna-now-open-call-webinar">https://www.lygature.org/registration-gna-now-open-call-webinar</a></p>

<p>Funded by the @Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI)</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>European Lead Factory call for proposals</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>elf</category><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2021-05-06T06:25:47+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c43527faeec4270e0c6629f41073bc99-473.html#unique-entry-id-473</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c43527faeec4270e0c6629f41073bc99-473.html#unique-entry-id-473</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The closing date for <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/how-submit/supporting-documents-proposal-submission">submissions to the European Lead Factory</a> is Friday 28th May 2021. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Following the UK&rsquo;s exit from the European Union on 31 January, we are pleased to confirm that the European Lead Factory still welcomes screening proposals from UK researchers.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>This is a fantastic opportunity for researchers to get access to a <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/publications/elf.html">top class high-throughput screening platform</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="ELFprocess" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/elfprocess.jpg" width="756" height="300" /></p>

<p><a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/how-submit/supporting-documents-proposal-submission">On this page</a>, you can find the application forms, legal documents and all other relevant information required for your proposal submission.</p>

<p>The screening deck consists of around 535,000 compounds consisting of about 300,000 compounds from the original pharmaceutical companies, along with almost 190,000 compounds from custom design and synthesis. Furthermore, Gr&uuml;nenthal and Institut de Recherche Servier have provided around 50,000 new compounds not previously available to the European Lead Factory. Compounds from partners were selected for inclusion in the library based on several important quality criteria, as well as on the prerequisite that they are unique and not commercially available. Efforts were also taken to increase diversity, resulting in a top-quality compound library.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>KLIFS kinase database</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>kinase inhibitors</category><dc:date>2021-05-04T07:33:48+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/766d653b4dee760847c2294d26defc93-472.html#unique-entry-id-472</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/766d653b4dee760847c2294d26defc93-472.html#unique-entry-id-472</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://klifs.net">KLIFS</a> is a kinase database that dissects experimental structures of catalytic kinase domains and the way kinase inhibitors interact with them. The KLIFS structural alignment enables the comparison of all structures and ligands to each other. Moreover, the KLIFS residue numbering scheme capturing the catalytic cleft with 85 residues enables the comparison of the interaction patterns of kinase-inhibitors, for example, to identify crucial interactions determining kinase-inhibitor selectivity. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa895">DOI</a>.</p>

<p><span style="font-size:20px; color:#293042;font-weight:bold; ">Statistics
</span><table border="1.000000" cellpadding="12.000000" cellspacing="0.000000"bordercolor="D2D2D2"><tr height="0"><td valign="top" width="220"><p style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:16px; color:#293042;">Kinases
</span></td><td valign="top" width="79"><span style="font-size:16px; color:#293042;">312
</span></td></tr><tr height="0"><td valign="top" width="220"><span style="font-size:16px; color:#293042;">Structures (# PDBs)
</span></td><td valign="top" width="79"><span style="font-size:16px; color:#293042;">5568
</span></td></tr><tr height="0"><td valign="top" width="220"><span style="font-size:16px; color:#293042;">Monomers
</span></td><td valign="top" width="79"><span style="font-size:16px; color:#293042;">12151
</span></td></tr><tr height="0"><td valign="top" width="220"><span style="font-size:16px; color:#293042;">Unique ligands
</span></td><td valign="top" width="79"><span style="font-size:16px; color:#293042;">3497
</span></td></tr><tr height="0"><td valign="top" width="220"><span style="font-size:16px; color:#E9233C;">KLIFS users in Apr-2021</span></td><span style="font-size:16px; color:#293042;">
</span></td><td valign="top" width="79"><span style="font-size:16px; color:#E9233C;">897</span></td></tr><span style="font-size:16px; color:#293042;">
</span></td></table></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Targets Platform: rebuilt, redesigned, reimagined</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2021-04-30T18:34:43+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9261214bb94e04ea74ebfe9701601824-471.html#unique-entry-id-471</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9261214bb94e04ea74ebfe9701601824-471.html#unique-entry-id-471</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://blog.opentargets.org/2021/04/29/next-gen-platform-released/">Open Targets Platform</a> has been updated.</p>

<ul>
<li>The new design of the Platform improves user experience and access to information. It has been reimagined to facilitate the building of new therapeutic hypotheses;</li>
<li>New features include data on binary molecular interactions, and black box warnings;</li>
<li>A complete refactoring of the codebase enables rapid development and new deployment strategies.</li>
</ul>

<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/JO_DTtnMl4Y" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>21st RSC / SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><category>Conferences</category><category>RSC</category><category>COVID-19</category><dc:date>2021-04-08T07:35:11+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fa55623a5909ce7eaf2b00055c952428-470.html#unique-entry-id-470</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fa55623a5909ce7eaf2b00055c952428-470.html#unique-entry-id-470</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Registration for the 21st RSC / SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium Monday-Wednesday, 13th-15th September 2021
hosted at Churchill College, Cambridge, UK is now open. Twitter hashtag  -  #CamMedChem21</p>

<p>As usual there is a stella lineup of presentations and there is still time for some submissions.</p>

<p>I'd like to highlight one talk that is close to my heart. Ed Griffen will talking about The COVID Moonshot: SARS-CoV2 oral antiviral therapeutics from an Open Science global collaboration. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The COVID Moonshot is an ambitious crowdsourced initiative to accelerate the development of a COVID antiviral. We work in the open with no intellectual property constraints. This way, any scientist can view submitted drug designs and experimental data to inspire new design ideas. We use our cutting-edge machine learning tools and Folding@home's crowdsourced supercomputer to determine which drug designs to send to our partners to make and test in the lab. With each drug design tested, we get closer to our goal.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>This talk will be in the late breaker session and because of the open nature of the project it will be a chance to really see the very latest results "hot off the press".</p>

<p>You can have a look at the latest results here now. <a href="https://covid.postera.ai/covid">https://covid.postera.ai/covid</a>.</p>

<p>30th April: Late breaker and early poster deadline<br>
23rd July: Final poster deadline</p>

<p>Registration link <a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/cmc21/index.htm">https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/cmc21/index.htm</a> </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Do you include chiral fragments in your screen?</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2021-04-06T10:23:00+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dac0f25224ce615f06eb412213bf8605-469.html#unique-entry-id-469</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dac0f25224ce615f06eb412213bf8605-469.html#unique-entry-id-469</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment-based screening</a> has become increasingly popular over the last 15 years and has proven to be a viable alternative to high-throughput screening.</p>

<p>A little while ago I posed the question "Do you include chiral fragments in your screen?" And the results were interesting. Whilst many, many folks clicked on the link very few actually responded to the poll, perhaps something people are thinking about but don't have an answer?</p>

<p>For those that did respond it seems that very few actively exclude chiral fragments. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="chiralfragmentspoll" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/chiralfragmentspoll.png" width="455" height="293" /></p>

<p>Of those that included chiral fragments the responses were pretty evenly split between those that include racemates and only worry about the enantiomers if they appear as a hit, those that only include racemates if the individual enantiomers are available and those that only include individual enantiomers.</p>

<p>One of the arguments against including chiral fragments has been it increases the complexity of the fragments and as the ligand/receptor match becomes more complex the probability of any given molecule matching falls. However, biological targets are almost invariably chiral and selectivity often relies on stereochemical features.</p>

<p>One of the key attractions of <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">fragment screening</a> is the ability to explore/validate hits without committing significant chemistry resources, so I&rsquo;d argue that the ready availability of related analogues ought to be part of the library selection criterion and by extension having access to the individual enantiomers should be an important consideration.  </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Chemical Probes</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><category>Chemical probes</category><dc:date>2021-03-07T10:26:15+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/04a351a111b667bebe09bbe528fefc9b-468.html#unique-entry-id-468</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/04a351a111b667bebe09bbe528fefc9b-468.html#unique-entry-id-468</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A really interesting review of the <a href="https://www.chemicalprobes.org">Chemical Probes portal</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>2020 was the first year of visible activity on the Chemical Probes Portal since 2017, with 115 probes added and over 500 compounds now included on the Portal. To celebrate, we&rsquo;re highlighting ten of the best probes added to the Portal and evaluated by our Scientific Advisory Board in 2020. These probes are selective, potent, cell-active molecules that are rated four stars for use in cells and target new proteins or have new mechanisms of action. They include probes for previously &lsquo;undruggable&rsquo; cancer targets, compounds that target GPCRs, epigenetic modulators and PROTACs. </p>
</blockquote>

<p>Full details are here <a href="https://www.chemicalprobes.org/news/2020s-top-probes">https://www.chemicalprobes.org/news/2020s-top-probes</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="kras" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/kras.png" width="904" height="452" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Targets Platform beta test</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2021-02-26T18:03:10+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a5d315fb9af17cc8e2a9696ae4e2c01d-467.html#unique-entry-id-467</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a5d315fb9af17cc8e2a9696ae4e2c01d-467.html#unique-entry-id-467</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If you have a little time why not drop by the <a href="https://beta.targetvalidation.org">Open Targets website</a> and give the beta test version and give them some feedback. Full details are in the <a href="http://blog.opentargets.org/2021/02/26/beta-platform-released/">blog post</a>.</p>

<p>The beta version makes the most of the data from the recent 21.02 release and you can also interrogate the data using the brand new GraphQL API.</p>

<p>In particular, this version features:</p>

<ul>
<li>Redesigned evidence pages</li>
<li>Updated drug profile pages</li>
<li>More complete disease profile pages</li>
</ul>

<p><a href="https://www.opentargets.org">Open Targets</a> is a public-private partnership that uses human genetics and genomics data for systematic drug target identification and prioritisation. The current focus is on oncology, immunology and neurodegeneration.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Generating and interpreting the data required to identify a good drug target demands a diverse set of skills, backgrounds, evidence types and technologies, which do not exist today in any single entity. Open Targets brings together expertise from seven complementary institutions to systematically identify and prioritise targets from which safe and effective medicines can be developed.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>March webinar: High Content Screening at the European Lead Factory</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>elf</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2021-02-25T14:13:59+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b2e4a2899049c8f1d1d1bf8482a29b84-466.html#unique-entry-id-466</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b2e4a2899049c8f1d1d1bf8482a29b84-466.html#unique-entry-id-466</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The next European Lead Factory webinar will take place on Thursday 11 March from 11:00-12:00 (CET). In this webinar, we will focus on High Content Screening with a presentation by Professor Jason Swedlow, head of the National Phenotypic Screening Centre at the University of Dundee.</p>

<p>More details and registration here <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/node/375">https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/node/375</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>MAIP: a web service for predicting blood‐stage malaria inhibitors</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><category>Open Access</category><dc:date>2021-02-25T08:08:47+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/84bbb8042151d315f1caf99f7b0096dd-465.html#unique-entry-id-465</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/84bbb8042151d315f1caf99f7b0096dd-465.html#unique-entry-id-465</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>An interesting publication Bosc, N., Felix, E., Arcila, R. et al. MAIP: a web service for predicting blood‐stage malaria inhibitors. J Cheminform 13, 13 (2021). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-021-00487-2">https://doi.org/10.1186/s13321-021-00487-2</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>We describe the development of an open-source software platform for creating such models, a comprehensive evaluation of methods to create a single consensus model and a web platform called MAIP available at https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/maip/. MAIP is freely available for the wider community to make large-scale predictions of potential malaria inhibiting compounds. This project also highlights some of the practical challenges in reproducing published computational methods and the opportunities that open-source software can offer to the community.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The code to standardise the compounds and train the models is available on GitHub:</p>

<p>standardiser: <a href="https://github.com/flatkinson/standardiser.">https://github.com/flatkinson/standardiser</a>.</p>

<p>ModifiedNB: <a href="https://github.com/chembl/ModifiedNB">https://github.com/chembl/ModifiedNB</a>.</p>

<p>mmv_train_image: <a href="https://github.com/chembl/mmv_train_image">https://github.com/chembl/mmv_train_image</a>.</p>

<p>The ready to use Docker image to generate the models is available at <a href="https://hub.docker.com/r/chemblgroup/mmv_train">https://hub.docker.com/r/chemblgroup/mmv_train</a>. The MAIP platform is available at <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/maip/">https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/maip/</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>New GARDP webinars</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2021-02-22T16:45:48+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0795c34c493f1c39941b9a03aa6ecd8b-464.html#unique-entry-id-464</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0795c34c493f1c39941b9a03aa6ecd8b-464.html#unique-entry-id-464</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="gardp-logo" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/gardp-logo.png" width="510" height="151" /></p>

<p>25 February: 'From discovery to IND: Roadmap to a successful antibacterial project' with Patricia Bradford and Alita Miller, moderated by Michael Mourez. Register here: <a href="https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/8974462807057685772?source=spark">https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/8974462807057685772?source=spark</a></p>

<p>4 March: 'Learning from COVID-19 to tackle the silent pandemic of antibiotic resistance' with Marc Mendelson, Joanne Liu and Manica Balasegaram. Register here: <a href="https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/3151890131955239691?source=spark">https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/3151890131955239691?source=spark</a></p>

<p>24 March: 'Discovering and developing new treatments for tuberculosis' with Nader Fotouhi, moderated by Lydia Nakiyingi. Register here: <a href="https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/394450209091477264?source=spark">https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/394450209091477264?source=spark</a></p>

<p>As always, keep an eye on our website <a href="https://revive.gardp.org/webinars">https://revive.gardp.org/webinars</a> to find new webinar announcements and recordings of previous webinars.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ChEMBL 28 has been released.</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Chembl</category><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2021-02-17T12:09:49+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f2f1529a0b300731d72bd9b488d0034a-463.html#unique-entry-id-463</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f2f1529a0b300731d72bd9b488d0034a-463.html#unique-entry-id-463</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I see that a new version of ChEMBL has been released. <a href="http://chembl.blogspot.com/2021/02/chembl-28-released.html">Chembl 28</a> </p>

<ul>
<li>2,680,904 compound records</li>
<li>2,086,898 compounds (of which 2,066,376 have mol files)</li>
<li>17,276,334 activities</li>
<li>1,358,549 assays</li>
<li>14,347 targets</li>
<li>80,480 documents<span style="color:#1E1E1E;">
</span></li>
</ul>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="chembl28" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/chembl28.png" width="399" height="396" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Career choices when faced with changes of life</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><category>Training</category><dc:date>2021-02-13T09:45:04+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/99cb27ec16b32e3b3786f48a60bf5187-462.html#unique-entry-id-462</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/99cb27ec16b32e3b3786f48a60bf5187-462.html#unique-entry-id-462</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As someone who had to make a major career change due to personal circumstances I  really recommend this sort of webinar that has been organised by the RSC. </p>

<p>Career choices when faced with changes of life</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Join Career Consultants Cath Elmer and John Toscano who will spend an evening helping you give your working lives a well-deserved health check! Together we will look at some of the reasons career circumstances can change - out of choice or otherwise. We will discuss some of the career theories behind our decision-making processes to help us assess where we are and be better prepared for the future. This interactive event will be of interest whatever stage of your career.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Thursday 15th April 6:00-8:00 pm</p>

<p>Link <a href="https://www.rsc.org/events/detail/46366/career-choices-when-faced-with-changes-of-life">https://www.rsc.org/events/detail/46366/career-choices-when-faced-with-changes-of-life</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fluorine Fragment Library</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2021-02-11T09:56:50+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/052c275ce8749a4c60a86aca8eb57a8b-461.html#unique-entry-id-461</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/052c275ce8749a4c60a86aca8eb57a8b-461.html#unique-entry-id-461</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Key Organics have expanded the <a href="https://www.keyorganics.net/services/bionet-products/fragment-libraries/">BIONET Fluorine Fragment Library</a> which now includes 719 fluorinated fragments. All 719 fragments in the Fluorine Fragment Library have been analysed by 19F NMR and 1H NMR for:</p>

<ul>
<li>Structure verification</li>
<li>Purity</li>
<li>Measured solubility in PBS buffer &ge; 100&mu;M</li>
<li>Aggregation.</li>
</ul>

<p>The calculated physicochemical properties of the library are shown below. They have also been filtered using PAINS and Lilly MedChem rules.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="BIONETFluorineFragmentLibrary" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bionetfluorinefragmentlibrary.png" width="600" height="400" /></p>

<p>There are more <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_collections.html">Fragment Collections described here</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Predicting sites of metabolism</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Metabolism</category><category>ADME</category><dc:date>2021-02-08T13:59:19+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1cfa9b320d7fe77ab3e51ee777209ff5-460.html#unique-entry-id-460</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1cfa9b320d7fe77ab3e51ee777209ff5-460.html#unique-entry-id-460</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've added <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00224">GLORYx</a> to the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/predicting_metabolism.html">predicting metabolism page</a>. </p>

<p>GLORYx predicts phase I and phase II metabolites for the chemical compound(s) provided by the user. The method is based on the FAME site of metabolism (SoM) prediction combined with sets of reaction rules encoding both phase I and phase II metabolic reactions. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="GloryOutput" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/gloryoutput.png" width="845" height="592" /></p>

<p>I tried a range of other molecules and GLORYx was really very impressive in identifying potential metabolites.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Translational misconceptions</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Development</category><category>Drug resistence</category><dc:date>2021-01-22T07:57:09+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e8bcfe8c1a79645a4cdd5b2a23ffb631-458.html#unique-entry-id-458</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e8bcfe8c1a79645a4cdd5b2a23ffb631-458.html#unique-entry-id-458</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A really insightful and sobering article on the process of translating a basic research finding into a therapeutic product 
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/d41573-021-00008-8">DOI</a>, well worth a read and sharing.</p>

<p>By highlighting only the success stories, and using words like "pipeline" are we giving the false impression that there is a direct relationship between scientific discovery and novel drug, and the translation of one into the other is an inevitable and reliable process?</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Chiral Fragment Screening</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2021-01-21T14:34:48+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/deb563a389b42f16b8ba50fcb4d112e1-457.html#unique-entry-id-457</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/deb563a389b42f16b8ba50fcb4d112e1-457.html#unique-entry-id-457</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One of the attractions of <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">fragment-based screening</a> is that &ldquo;Fragment Space&rdquo; is smaller than &ldquo;Chemical Space&rdquo; and can be more effectively probed with a relatively small library. However, if we include chiral fragments the size of the library increases, as does the complexity of the ligands.  It can also add extra work if the individual enantiomers of a chiral fragment are not available.</p>

<p>The poll linked below is intended to try and capture the current view. I'll post the results here later.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.surveymonkey.co.uk/r/RTJSTKV">https://www.surveymonkey.co.uk/r/RTJSTKV</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The Chemical Probes Portal now includes several PROTACs</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Chemical probes</category><category>PROTAC</category><dc:date>2021-01-14T21:51:12+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9e6c0f3a48b1b960f7ace3333a18e6b5-456.html#unique-entry-id-456</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9e6c0f3a48b1b960f7ace3333a18e6b5-456.html#unique-entry-id-456</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://www.chemicalprobes.org">Chemical Probes Portal</a> now includes several PROTACs in the list of recommended chemical probes and even more are under review by the Scientific Advisory Board.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/protacs/protacs.html">PROTACs</a> are bifunctional molecules that bind to the target protein and an E3 ligase, the simultaneous PROTAC binding of two proteins brings the target protein in close enough proximity for polyubiquitination by the E2 enzyme associated to the E3 ligase, which flags the target protein for degradation through the proteasome.</p>
</blockquote>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="ProtacCycle" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/protaccycle.png" width="720" height="405" /></p>

<p>They have also put together a really useful list of <a href="https://www.chemicalprobes.org/chemical-probe-criteria-classical-modulators-and-bifunctional-degraders-eg-protacs">criteria to help define the best choice of Protac probe</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>David Rees BMCS Hall of Fame and Medal 2020</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><category>BMCS</category><dc:date>2021-01-12T10:20:29+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5916826bff20e1c6f17b55998f73e9e7-455.html#unique-entry-id-455</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5916826bff20e1c6f17b55998f73e9e7-455.html#unique-entry-id-455</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A lot has happened over the last couple of months but I wanted to highlight the latest inductee to the 2020 RSC BMCS Hall of Fame. <a href="https://www.rscbmcs.org/awards/halloffame/">https://www.rscbmcs.org/awards/halloffame/</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The BMCS is delighted to announce that David Rees PhD, FRSC, FMedSci, Chief Scientific Officer at Astex Pharmaceuticals, will be the 2020 inductee to its Hall of Fame, and the recipient of the associated medal. David is recognised internationally for his innovative use of chemistry in drug discovery. His research has forged bridges between academia and industry and he has held prominent positions in learned societies such as the Royal Society of Chemistry. He has led collaborations resulting in the discovery of three launched drugs, the anaesthetic agent Sugammadex which has been used in over 30 million patients in 60 countries, and the anti-cancer agents Ribociclib and Erdafitinib, both predicted to achieve blockbuster status. Much of Astex&rsquo;s industry-leading productivity has been dependant on David&rsquo;s chemical expertise. David is well known for his calm authority, scientific rigor and enthusiasm, and has over 140 publications and patents.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The current pandemic means that the formal presentation has been delayed but I'm sure many will want to join me in congratulating David on this well-deserved prestigious award.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The single most important factor determining the likelihood of success of a project is the quality of the starting lead</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>elf</category><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2021-01-11T13:10:56+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/10810f046c6e693975cdcdc213736826-454.html#unique-entry-id-454</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/10810f046c6e693975cdcdc213736826-454.html#unique-entry-id-454</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Have you identified a disease mechanism that should be explored in a drug discovery project? Then you may have also considered developing a screening assay to find new chemical starting points that could serve as candidates for drug development.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>In the next European Lead Factory webinar, taking place on Thursday 28 January, Dr Saman Honarnejad, Director of Drug Discovery at Pivot Park Screening Centre, will give a presentation on guidelines for HTS assay development, with an emphasis on methods to design, evaluate and improve conditions for biochemical and cellular assay formats.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The event will take place via Microsoft Teams on 28 January 2021 from 11:00-12:00 (CET). Discussions with the audience will form a key part of the webinar and time will be made available for questions and answers.</p>

<p>Registration is free using this link <a href="https://events.europeanleadfactory.eu/elf/elf-webinar/">https://events.europeanleadfactory.eu/elf/elf-webinar/</a>.</p>

<p>The European Lead Factory welcomes drug targets in all therapeutic areas. Interested? Submit your screening proposal now. The next deadline to apply will be in January 2021. Full details are on the <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/how-submit/drug-target-assays/how-it-works">ELF website</a>.</p>

<p>I've been involved in a number of screening campaigns and I can confirm this is a high quality screening deck.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Annual Site Review</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Website</category><dc:date>2021-01-04T16:29:46+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d0190c15b9fbf7a6fdc4c95a65f69c1e-453.html#unique-entry-id-453</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d0190c15b9fbf7a6fdc4c95a65f69c1e-453.html#unique-entry-id-453</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As 2021 starts I'd like to wish you all a Happy New Year and hope that 2021 marks the start of the recovery.</p>

<p>The Drug Discovery Resources website continues to increase in popularity with 147,000 page views, an increase of 5% over the figure for 2019. The pages were visited by over 76,000 viewers and around 20% of the visitors come back on multiple occasions suggesting they find it useful. The visitors come from 177 different countries with the top countries being</p>

<ul>
<li>United States (28%)</li>
<li>United Kingdom (14%)</li>
<li>India (10%)</li>
<li>Germany (3%)</li>
<li>Canada (3%)</li>
<li>Japan (2.5%)</li>
</ul>

<p>Perhaps not unexpectedly one of the popular pages was <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/COVIDchecklist.html">COVID-19 and the Identification of "Drug Candidates"</a> a checklist for those using virtual screening to identify potential hits for COVID-19 targets.</p>

<p>The other most viewed pages were</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/logD.html">Lipophilicity</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/">Calculating Physicochemical Properties</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/">Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/distribution.html">Distribution and Plasma Protein Binding</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">Molecular Interactions</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/focus/kinaseinhib.html">Kinase Inhibitors</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/acid_bioisosteres.html">Acid Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/aromatic_bioisosteres.html">Aromatic Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com//resources/hit_identification/aspartic_protease_inhibitors.html">Aspartic Acid Proteases</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/solvation.html">Solvation and desolvation</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/herg_activity.html">HERG Activity</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment based screening</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/protacs/protacs.html">Protacs</a></li>

</ul>

<p>Looking at the operating systems 54% are Windows users, 20% Mac users, 12% Android, 10% iOS and 2% Linux.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seasons Greetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2020-12-16T15:20:18+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4718b28faba34fc88cd87d260d8d2b73-452.html#unique-entry-id-452</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4718b28faba34fc88cd87d260d8d2b73-452.html#unique-entry-id-452</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This has been a tough year for everyone but we still need to think about those less fortunate, as usual any monies saved on cards will be donated to the <a href="https://www.mssociety.org.uk">MS Society</a>. Have a safe break and let's hope for better things in 2021.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="seasonsgreetings" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/seasonsgreetings.jpg" width="932" height="718" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Still time to submit proposal to European Lead Factory</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>elf</category><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2020-12-02T13:41:05+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5ca7e09165752463fe2b3b89261966cc-451.html#unique-entry-id-451</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5ca7e09165752463fe2b3b89261966cc-451.html#unique-entry-id-451</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The closure date for the latest round of proposals for screening at the European Lead Factory is January 2021</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The European Lead Factory welcomes drug targets in all therapeutic areas. Interested? Submit your screening proposal now. The next deadline to apply will be in January 2021.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Full details are on the <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/how-submit/drug-target-assays/how-it-works">ELF website</a>.</p>

<p>I've been involved in a number of screening campaigns and I can confirm this is a high quality screening deck.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Source Antibiotics</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2020-11-20T11:52:22+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/36ed1f59f4df03c0202a2a5ee3148217-450.html#unique-entry-id-450</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/36ed1f59f4df03c0202a2a5ee3148217-450.html#unique-entry-id-450</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics">Open Source Antibiotics</a> is a consortium of researchers interested in open ways to discover and develop new, inexpensive medicines for bacterial infections.</p>

<p>There are already a couple of projects <a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/murligase/wiki">Mur Ligase</a> and a series of <a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/Series-2-Diarylimidazoles/wiki">Diarylimidazoles</a> with unknown mechanism. Well worth a read.</p>

<p>All the structures of the molecules on the project are openly available in a spreadsheet <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/168-a1_l51Nfbms67eG8zU8p-EhEtEO26FUzRInbu7fY/edit#gid=2078630269">https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/168-a1_l51Nfbms67eG8zU8p-EhEtEO26FUzRInbu7fY/edit#gid=2078630269</a> feel free to have a browse.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>New REVIVE Antimicrobial Encyclopaedia</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2020-11-19T18:22:36+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/305e61d57cf4c221781e9a06040b09b1-449.html#unique-entry-id-449</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/305e61d57cf4c221781e9a06040b09b1-449.html#unique-entry-id-449</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Often when moving into a new therapeutic area it takes a while to pick up all the terms and acronyms, and antimicrobial research has some of it's own, not sure what a <a href="https://revive.gardp.org/resource/minimal-inhibitory-concentration-mic/">MIC</a> is then head over to the <a href="https://revive.gardp.org/resources/encyclopaedia/">REVIVE Antimicrobial Encyclopaedia</a> and search.</p>

<p>The REVIVE Antimicrobial Encyclopaedia includes definitions of terms from the field of antimicrobials including &lsquo;Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient&rsquo;, &lsquo;Bacterial efflux&rsquo; and &lsquo;Minimum Inhibitory Concentration&rsquo;. Each term has links for users to find more information on the subject and wherever available there are also links to REVIVE content such as webinar recordings and Antimicrobial Viewpoints on the subject. Some terms also include bespoke explanatory videos with clear diagrams featuring REVIVE experts.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>REVIVE is a space for everybody with an interest in antimicrobial R&amp;D. The Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP) is a not-for-profit organization developing new treatments for drug-resistant infections that pose the greatest threat to health. We were created to ensure that everyone who needs antibiotics receives effective and affordable treatment, no matter where they live. We aim to develop five new treatments by 2025 to fight drug-resistant infections, focusing on sexually transmitted infections, sepsis in newborns and infections in hospitalized adults and children.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>RSC Interest group membership</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><category>CICAG</category><category>BMCS</category><dc:date>2020-11-16T10:15:03+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/970c745a410550a718bdadcf2edf80f2-448.html#unique-entry-id-448</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/970c745a410550a718bdadcf2edf80f2-448.html#unique-entry-id-448</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>My RSC membership renewal form has just dropped though the letterbox. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="IMG_3225" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/img_3225.jpg" width="484" height="363" /></p>

<p>It is the ideal time to think about joining one of the <a href="https://www.rsc.org/membership-and-community/connect-with-others/through-interests/">RSC Interest groups</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Interest groups are scientific networks run by members for their community. Each group is themed around a specific area or application of the chemical sciences. They organise an annual series of events to cater for both their members and the wider scientific community. These events vary from: multi-day conferences and workshops to training events.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>If you are interested in the computational side of drug discovery why not join the Chemical Information and Computer Applications Group <a href="http://www.rsccicag.org">CICAG</a> code 86.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="IMG_3226" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/img_3226.jpg" width="454" height="605" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Proposals for European Lead Factory</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>elf</category><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2020-11-04T11:27:50+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8cefbd0e7b0f7a4f55322bfa846907db-447.html#unique-entry-id-447</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8cefbd0e7b0f7a4f55322bfa846907db-447.html#unique-entry-id-447</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The closure date for the latest round of proposals for screening at the European Lead Factory is January 2021</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The European Lead Factory welcomes drug targets in all therapeutic areas. Interested? Submit your screening proposal now. The next deadline to apply will be in January 2021.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Also note</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Following the UK&rsquo;s exit from the European Union on 31 January, we are pleased to confirm that the European Lead Factory still welcomes screening proposals from UK researchers.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>You can read more about the screening facility here <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/node/353">https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/node/353</a>.</p>

<p>The details of how to submit are here <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/how-submit/drug-target-assays/how-it-works">https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/how-submit/drug-target-assays/how-it-works</a>.</p>

<p>I've written about the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/publications/elf.html">ELF here</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="screening" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/screening.jpg" width="575" height="182" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Source Antibiotics</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><category>OSA</category><category>Open Source Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2020-10-23T12:07:51+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dc6e67c12a522bbdb07d3bacd47715c3-446.html#unique-entry-id-446</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dc6e67c12a522bbdb07d3bacd47715c3-446.html#unique-entry-id-446</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I just thought I'd share this email</p>

<p>Dear Friend of Open Source Antibiotics (OSA),</p>

<p>It's been a busy few months in OSA. Recent activity is being captured in weekly public Zoom meetings (every Friday at 2pm London at <span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://ucl.zoom.us/j/92800004715">https://ucl.zoom.us/j/92800004715</a></u></span>), and you can see the details in the recordings of those meetings (like <span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gl4ippR1x1k&amp;feature=youtu.be">this one</a></u></span>) and the associated "Github Issues" (like <span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/Series-2-Diarylimidazoles/issues/33">this one</a></u></span>).</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Screen Shot 2020-10-21 at 3.33.38 PM" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/screen-shot-2020-10-21-at-3.33.38-pm.png" width="686" height="290" /></p>

<p>But as part of those discussions we were wondering about <em>the best way to update everyone quickly</em>. While OSA uses <span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://twitter.com/OSantibiotics">Twitter</a></u></span>, there is no good substitute for a short email. So this is the first, short OSA news email. Three points:</p>

<ol class="arabic-numbers"><li>We have guessed you're interested in receiving occasional emails about OSA. If you're not, just email us back to say you'd like to opt out. Nobody likes spam.</li><li>Please forward this to anyone you think might be interested in antibiotics or drug discovery or open science. As an open project, everything is in the public domain, and everyone is welcome.</li><li>To keep things short, each news email has a limit of three items. If you're interested in learning more, then each project has a wiki (current project status, like <span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/Series-2-Diarylimidazoles/wiki">this</a></u></span>) and the Issue Tracker (current To Do list and discussion, like <span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/Series-2-Diarylimidazoles/issues">this</a></u></span>).</li></ol>So - drumroll - here is the first quick update, focussing on OSA Series 2 (an update on Series 1, the mur ligases, will come soon).
<ol class="arabic-numbers"><li>We have <span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/Series-2-Diarylimidazoles/wiki/Potency-Evaluation-and-SAR">confirmed the activity</a></u></span> <em>vs</em> MRSA of the diarylimidazoles (exemplar compound OSA821 shown below), originally discovered and explored by Alvaro Lorente and Bill Zuercher at UNC Chapel Hill. <span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/Series-2-Diarylimidazoles/issues/35">A new potency screen is being performed this week</a></u></span> at UCL by Paul Stapleton, and includes about 30 compounds that have been donated to the project via Ben Perry (DNDi). This time our potency assay will include a parallel screen of select compounds <em>vs</em> VRE, to see if there is activity <em>vs</em> other high priority Gram +ves.</li></ol>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="OSA821" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/osa821.png" width="202" height="236" /></p>

<p><ol class="arabic-numbers" start="2"><li>A key aim of the project is to solve the rapid clearance of the known actives. <span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/Series-2-Diarylimidazoles/wiki/Metabolic-Clearance-Data">New data from Sue Charman's lab</a></u></span> gave clues as to which compounds to investigate next, and we are finalising negotiations for some <em>pro bono</em> work from a UK company towards identification of possible metabolites.</li><li>The mechanism of action of these compounds is unknown, but <span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://www.med.unc.edu/pharm/directory/lee-m-graves-phd/">Lee Graves's lab at UNC</a></u></span> are in the middle of some <span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3691232/">MIBs</a></u></span> experiments that we hope will reveal, by the end of October, some key new insights into how the compounds work.</li></ol>Best wishes,
Mat and all the OSA Series 2 contributors</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="OSA logo_low" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/osa-logo_low.jpg" width="205" height="205" /></p>

<p>You can read more about the Open Source Antibiotics on GitHub <a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics">https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics</a>.</p>

<p>There are currently two projects <a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/murligase/wiki">MurLigase</a> and <a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/Series-2-Diarylimidazoles">DiarylImidazoles</a>, everything is in the open and anyone can contribute.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="349siteview" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/349siteview.png" width="439" height="476" /></p>

<p>Why not swing by and have a browse.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Targets Platform updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2020-09-25T08:17:59+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f73bba7437a459553aeb0fbeb5ac8713-445.html#unique-entry-id-445</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f73bba7437a459553aeb0fbeb5ac8713-445.html#unique-entry-id-445</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/targetvalidation.html">Target Validation</a> is the most critical step in the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery process</a>, almost everything else we can fix. Which is why the update to the <a href="https://blog.opentargets.org/2020/09/24/open-targets-platform-20-09-release/">Open Targets Platform</a> is so valuable.</p>

<p>The latest release of the Open Targets Platform - 20.09 - is now available at <a href="https://www.targetvalidation.org/">https://www.targetvalidation.org/</a>.</p>

<p>This release sees the addition of ClinGen  to the expert curated evidence sources for rare disease genetics that includes UniProt, the Genomics England PanelApp, and Gene2Phenotype.</p>

<p>This latest update includes 27,610 Targets, 13,944 Diseases, 8,419,186 Evidence and 6,551,303 Associations</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>AI3SD Online Guest Lecture Series</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>artificial intelligence</category><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2020-09-09T14:26:46+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9e2d19286c03fc3f85b65e0e5d7fafb7-444.html#unique-entry-id-444</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9e2d19286c03fc3f85b65e0e5d7fafb7-444.html#unique-entry-id-444</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Artificial Intelligence and Augmented Intelligence for Automated Investigations for Scientific Discovery (AI3SD) are running an Online Guest Lecture Series this summer. The full seminar list is here.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.ai3sd.org/summer-seminar-series-2020">http://www.ai3sd.org/summer-seminar-series-2020</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="customLogo.gif" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/customlogo.gif.png" width="101" height="100" /></p>

<p>If you missed a presentation or want to replay it, all the presentations are on the <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXOkV943dmo6rSiVlo7lsBw">AI3SD YouTube channel</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>RSC BMCS Hall of Fame</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>BMCS</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2020-09-07T18:12:18+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6b4cc1bbe67934066ba283e89a6df8b9-443.html#unique-entry-id-443</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6b4cc1bbe67934066ba283e89a6df8b9-443.html#unique-entry-id-443</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The RSC Biological and Medicinal Chemistry initiated a Hall of Fame a short while ago and I'd like to highlight the relevant page of the BMCS website.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.rscbmcs.org/awards/halloffame/">BMCS Hall of Fame web page</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The Hall of Fame is to recognise prominent chemists for outstanding, sustained, contributions to any area of interest to the BMCS, eg medicinal chemistry, agriscience, biooorganic chemistry, chemical biology. This is an Individual award to recognise  prominence  and  significant, sustained, scientific impact  in the field of medicinal chemistry, agriscience or chemical biology, including teaching excellence, outstanding contributions to the BMCS, or any combination thereof.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The first inductee to the BMCS Hall of Fame was <a href="https://royalsociety.org/people/robin-ganellin-11478/"><strong>Professor C Robin Ganellin</strong> FRS</a>, Emeritus Professor of Medicinal Chemistry at University College London. He co-discovered histamine H2-receptors with James Black and co-invented the anti-ulcer drug cimetidine. He co-discovered butabindide, an inhibitor of the enzyme tripeptidyl peptidase II, and co-invented the histamine H3-receptor antagonist drug, pitolisant.</p>

<p>Cimetidine was the first histamine H2 receptor antagonist drug that inhibits stomach acid production and used in the treatment of heartburn and peptic ulcers.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Cimetidine" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cimetidine.png" width="370" height="151" /></p>

<p>Oral bioavailability is 65% and it has a half-life of 2 hours.</p>

<p>Butabindide is an inhibitor of the enzyme tripeptidyl peptidase II designed as an anti-obesity drug.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Butabindide" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/butabindide.png" width="277" height="182" /></p>

<p>The histamine H3-receptor antagonist Pitolisant, is used for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in adults with narcolepsy</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Pitolisant" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/pitolisant.png" width="370" height="101" /></p>

<p>Pitolisant is well absorbed (90%) and has an elimination half-life of 10-12 hours.</p>

<p>The 2019 inductee was <a href="https://royalsociety.org/people/simon-campbell-11182/"><strong>Sir Simon Campbell </strong>CBE FRS FMedSci</a> who is probably best known for his work leading to Doxazosin, for high blood pressure and angina and Amlodipine &ndash; used to treat high blood pressure and prostrate enlargement.</p>

<p>Doxazosin is a &alpha;1-selective adrenergic blocker in the quinazoline class of compounds</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Doxazosin" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/doxazosin.png" width="405" height="209" /></p>

<p>Oral bioavailability is 65% and elimination half-life 22 hours, , it highly plasma protein bound (98%). Hepatic metabolism of doxazosin produces inactive O-demethylated and C-hydroxylated metabolites.</p>

<p>Amlodipine is a long acting calcium channel antagonist, it blocks L-type calcium channels in muscle cells and N-type calcium channels in the central nervous system.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Amlodipine" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/amlodipine.png" width="342" height="207" /></p>

<p>Amlodipine is well absorbed by the oral route with a mean oral bioavailability around 60%; the half-life of amlodipine is about 30 h to 50 h, it highly plasma protein bound (97.5%). Renal elimination is the major route of excretion with about 60% of an administered dose recovered in urine, largely as inactive pyridine metabolites. Amlodipine is on the World Health Organisation's List of Essential Medicines. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Cross-referencing the Project Moonshot compounds</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2020-08-20T14:00:46+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/334893d80c56ec5ad7e3f243c59f39bc-442.html#unique-entry-id-442</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/334893d80c56ec5ad7e3f243c59f39bc-442.html#unique-entry-id-442</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The project COVID moonshot is generating a significant amount of data both biochemical data distributed by <a href="https://postera.ai/covid/activity_data">PostEra</a> and crystallographic data generated and distributed by the team at <a href="https://fragalysis.diamond.ac.uk/viewer/react/preview/target/Mpro">Diamond</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The COVID Moonshot is an ambitious crowdsourced initiative to accelerate the development of a COVID antiviral. We work in the open with no intellectual property constraints. This way, any scientist can view submitted drug designs and experimental data to inspire new design ideas. We use our cutting-edge machine learning tools and Folding@home's crowdsourced supercomputer to determine which drug designs to send to our partners to make and test in the lab. With each drug design tested, we get closer to our goal.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>It is sometimes difficult to cross-reference compounds between multiple sources so I've downloaded the compounds with associated data calculated InChiKeys and then used the InChiKey to link compounds from different sources within Vortex. This means you have the biochemical data together with PDB code (if available) or the fragalysis code for the crystal structure. I've also annotated with identifiers from multiple databases (ChEMBL, PubChem etc.), calculated physicochemical properties (LogP/D, TPSA, HBD/A etc) and then exported in sdf format. I've also clustered the structures to aid navigation.</p>

<p>You can download the <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/12Aug2020.sdf.zip">zipped sdf file here</a>.</p>

<p>Updated. I was asked if I could provide this file in <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/12Aug2020.txt.zip">SMILES format so here it is</a>.</p>

<p>I plan to try and have a look at ways to visualise the data when I can find some free time.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="12Aug20clusters" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/12aug20clusters.png" width="793" height="777" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Precursor Chemicals list</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Cheminformatics</category><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2020-08-03T16:15:17+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b028d45de21457adb8d7e90523755912-440.html#unique-entry-id-440</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b028d45de21457adb8d7e90523755912-440.html#unique-entry-id-440</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When helping to enhance screening collections I'm sometimes asked to exclude "prohibited precursor chemicals", these are chemicals that might be used in the manufacture of illegal drugs.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The effective control of chemicals used in the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances is an important tool in combating drug trafficking. These chemicals, known as &lsquo;precursors&rsquo;, also have legitimate commercial uses as they are legally used in a wide variety of industrial processes and consumer products, such as medicines, flavourings and fragrances.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I'm aware of this list on the UK Government website <a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/277046/PRECURSOR_CHART_Domestic_Jan_2014.pdf">https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/...PRECURSOR<em>CHART</em>Domestic<em>Jan</em>2014.pdf</a>, and the listing from INCB <a href="http://www.incb.org/documents/PRECURSORS/RED_LIST/2020/Red_List_2020_E.pdf">http://www.incb.org/documents/PRECURSORS/RED<em>LIST/2020/Red</em>List<em>2020</em>E.pdf</a>, however I'm sure it far from complete.</p>

<p>Does anyone know of a more complete listing? Preferably in a chemically intelligent form</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The SARS-CoV-2 main protease as drug target</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2020-07-30T08:05:50+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/016943c3a3aec895fef9cec2d513a978-439.html#unique-entry-id-439</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/016943c3a3aec895fef9cec2d513a978-439.html#unique-entry-id-439</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A very useful primer for those interested in contributing to the ongoing research efforts at <a href="https://postera.ai/covid">COVID moonshot</a> and <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/osc19/">Open Source COVID-19</a>.</p>

<p>The SARS-CoV-2 main protease as drug target <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127377">DOI</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The unprecedented pandemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is threatening global health. The virus emerged in late 2019 and can cause a severe disease associated with significant mortality. Several vaccine development and drug discovery campaigns are underway. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease is considered a promising drug target, as it is dissimilar to human proteases. Sequence and structure of the main protease are closely related to those from other betacoronaviruses, facilitating drug discovery attempts based on previous lead compounds. Covalently binding peptidomimetics and small molecules are investigated. Various compounds show antiviral activity in infected human cells.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Remember a hit in a screen is just the very first step, there is much more to consider before it can be <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ace00344defefd5dd48fd47445e8fd53-425.html">described as a drug candidate</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>European Lead Factory Q&amp;A</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>elf</category><category>Screening</category><category>lead identification</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2020-07-28T10:48:53+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2a22ca32da0d471ee1349ad144f8bb75-438.html#unique-entry-id-438</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2a22ca32da0d471ee1349ad144f8bb75-438.html#unique-entry-id-438</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Interested in accessing a high quality high-throughput screening platform? Here is a chance to find out more about the European Lead Factory.</p>

<p>More details are <a href="https://webtools.lygature.org/elf/elf-weekly-online-q-a/">here</a> </p>

<p><a href="https://webtools.lygature.org/elf/elf-weekly-online-q-a/" target="_blank"><img class="imageStyle" alt="ELFchat" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/elfchat.jpg" width="776" height="406" /></a></p>

<p>The European Lead Factory (ELF) is a collaborative public-private partnership aiming to deliver novel lead molecules for drug discovery programs. </p>

<p>I've previously written about the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/98ad66b3de74f8c2de095b6b0b1f1610-270.html">ELF here</a>. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Flatland: a nice place to be</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2020-07-27T16:14:37+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bd74a03a62e88b0cd90124035bfdbae0-437.html#unique-entry-id-437</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bd74a03a62e88b0cd90124035bfdbae0-437.html#unique-entry-id-437</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As ever a useful analysis of the published literature on Practical Fragments, "Evaluation of 3-Dimensionality in Approved and Experimental Drug Space" <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00121">DOI</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The true need for topological diversity in feedstocks and final drug molecules remains unclear given the overwhelming number of linear and planar drugs. The question remains as to whether more 3D compounds represent attractive and untapped therapeutic space, or if more linear/planar molecules are indeed the best topologies for bioactive molecules.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I came to a similar conclusion when looking at <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html">published fragment hits</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources Website Stats</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Website</category><dc:date>2020-07-19T12:04:38+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f6e7e9364d97e64b8a44b4bec1acf387-436.html#unique-entry-id-436</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f6e7e9364d97e64b8a44b4bec1acf387-436.html#unique-entry-id-436</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I wrote a blog entry about things that should be considered when proposing a hit identified from virtual screening as a drug candidate. Several people have suggested I create an easily identifiable web page so they can reference it. So here it is</p>

<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/COVIDchecklist.html">COVID-19 and the Identification of "Drug Candidates"</a>.</p>

<p>I also thought I'd use the opportunity to look at the Drug Discovery Resources website stats for the first 6 months of 2020. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The Drug Discovery Resources pages are intended to act as a resource for scientists undertaking drug discovery, they were initially based on a course I give but have been expanded to give much more detail and to cover subjects not covered in the course.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The site has been viewed by almost 40,000 viewers with most people viewing a couple of pages per session.  The viewers come from over 150 countries, the top countries being.</p>

<ul>
<li>United States (28%)</li>
<li>United Kingdom (16%)</li>
<li>India (9%)</li>
<li>Germany (3.5%)</li>
<li>China (3%)</li>
<li>Canada (3%)</li>
<li>Japan (3%)</li>
</ul>

<p>The most viewed pages were</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/logD.html">Lipophilicity</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/">Calculating Physicochemical Properties</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/">Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/distribution.html">Distribution and Plasma Protein Binding</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">Molecular Interactions</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/focus/kinaseinhib.html">Kinase Inhibitors</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/acid_bioisosteres.html">Acid Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/aromatic_bioisosteres.html">Aromatic Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com//resources/hit_identification/aspartic_protease_inhibitors.html">Aspartic Acid Proteases</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/solvation.html">Solvation and desolvation</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/formulation.html">Formulation</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment based screening</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/protacs/protacs.html">Protacs</a></li>

</ul>

<p>Looking at the operating systems 55% are Windows users, 20% Mac users, 12% iOS and 12% Android, Chrome dominates the browser stats (64%) with Safari second (17%) and Firefox third (7%).</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Another PYMOL session file</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2020-07-13T11:00:14+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/49d0a25a00c7bece4349d448d1d42b47-435.html#unique-entry-id-435</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/49d0a25a00c7bece4349d448d1d42b47-435.html#unique-entry-id-435</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A full-length model of glycosylated SARS-Cov-2 spike protein is recently described in literature by <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.06.11.146522v1">Casalino et. al</a>. The PDB files for models are available at <a href="https://amarolab.ucsd.edu/covid19.php">https://amarolab.ucsd.edu/covid19.php</a>. These PDB files contain data for spike protein, glycans, lipid membrane, ions, and solvent.</p>

<p>Manish Sud has generated an annotated PyMol session file to view the model of spike protein present in open state conformation. The PyMOL session file is quite helpful during the reading of the article describing the work. It's a bit of elbow grease work to set up appropriate views in PyMOL and Manish has kindly shared it. It's available for download at <a href="http://www.mayachemtools.org/Download.html">http://www.mayachemtools.org/Download.html</a>. I'm sure many will find it helpful.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="SpikeProteinPymolSession" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/spikeproteinpymolsession.png" width="935" height="580" /></p>

<p>The size of uncompressed PyMOL session file is quite large. It might take few minutes to load it into PyMOL, based on your hardware specifications.</p>

<p>Manish has also provided session files for <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b09cfe6f9fcfc4913dde1497ed916413-419.html">SARS-CoV-2 Mpro ligands</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>More COVID-19 MPro Activity Data</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2020-07-11T08:27:37+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1627ff12c6c4143b6825123ba68df864-434.html#unique-entry-id-434</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1627ff12c6c4143b6825123ba68df864-434.html#unique-entry-id-434</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One of the best drug targets among coronaviruses is the main protease (Mpro), this enzyme is essential for processing the polyproteins that are translated from the viral RNA and the recognition sequence at most sites is Leu-Gln<span style="font:12px &#39;Lucida Grande&#39;, LucidaGrande, Verdana, sans-serif; ">&darr;(Ser,Ala,Gly) </span>and since no human enzymes have similar specificity inhibitors should be very specific. Mpro is a papain-like protease <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/focus/cysteine_protease_inhibitors.html">cysteine protease</a>.</p>

<p>I've previously <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/49b013911394f1688a14c2bcc8bc9718-416.html#unique-entry-id-416">described the fragment hits</a> from a fragment screen against crystals of the main protease (MPro) of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.  Full details of the screening effort are described here <a href="https://www.diamond.ac.uk/covid-19/for-scientists/Main-protease-structure-and-XChem/Downloads.html">https://www.diamond.ac.uk/covid-19/for-scientists/Main-protease-structure-and-XChem/Downloads.html</a></p>

<p>Additional biological results from project moonshot are now available. You can browse the data here <a href="https://postera.ai/covid/activity_data">https://postera.ai/covid/activity_data</a>.</p>

<p>These results contain a significant milestone with the identification of the first sub micromolar non-covalent inhibitor.</p>

<p><a href="https://postera.ai/covid/submissions/a3ef7265-8845-4b66-a6e6-73adfa2925a0/20">JAG-UCB-a3ef7265-20</a> has been titrated twice now and has an IC50 of 0.6 uM.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="JAG-UCB-a3ef7265-20" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/jag-ucb-a3ef7265-20.png" width="300" height="300" /></p>

<p>This compound is a racemic mixture and the synthesis of the individual enantiomers is underway, if the activity predominantly lies with a single enantiomer we could see a further improvement in activity. The original submission was based on a <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/virtual_screening.html">pharmacophore search</a> of Enamine based on amino-pyridine hits.  I highlight this to underline the importance of simple descriptor-based searches, they are often highly competitive with sophisticated docking studies and require orders of magnitude less compute resources.</p>

<p>Since this research is being conducted in the public domain a number of other people have been able to contribute further ideas based on this exciting discovery.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="otherIdeas" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/otherideas.png" width="676" height="452" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>21st RSC/SCI Cambridge MedChem Meeting</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>RSC</category><category>BMCS</category><dc:date>2020-07-01T11:29:26+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/80431f01c471d931903bdccabb379480-433.html#unique-entry-id-433</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/80431f01c471d931903bdccabb379480-433.html#unique-entry-id-433</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The first circular for the 21st Cambridge MedChem Meeting, 12-15th September 2021, Churchill College, Cambridge. #CamMedChem21</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="CMC - first announcement" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cmc---first-announcement.png" width="700" height="992" /></p>

<p>Full details on the <a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/cmc21/frame-main.htm">website</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>GARDP: Bringing new treatments for drug-resistant infections to all who need them</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2020-06-22T09:57:04+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e558845f1c3b158e46df2c0ade4f71df-432.html#unique-entry-id-432</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e558845f1c3b158e46df2c0ade4f71df-432.html#unique-entry-id-432</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This webinar provided an overview and update on GARDP&rsquo;s efforts to bring new antibiotic treatments for drug-resistant infections to all who need them.</p>

<p>The following topics were presented:</p>

<ul>
<li>Antibiotic resistance and the GARDP response</li>
<li>Tackling the growing threat of hospital infections</li>
<li>Developing new treatments for neonatal sepsis</li>
</ul>

<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kHig7P-ohO8" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Dexamethasone shown to reduce COVID-19 mortality</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><dc:date>2020-06-17T12:55:30+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2abbca7e2378e0f364e6621ccf6e1e70-431.html#unique-entry-id-431</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2abbca7e2378e0f364e6621ccf6e1e70-431.html#unique-entry-id-431</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The NIHR-funded and supported study <a href="https://www.nihr.ac.uk/news/first-drug-to-reduce-mortality-in-hospitalised-patients-with-respiratory-complications-of-covid-19-found/25061">RECOVERY</a> (Randomised Evaluation of COVid-19 thERapY) has announced that the steroid dexamethasone has been identified as the first drug to improve survival rates in certain coronavirus patients.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>A total of 2104 patients were randomised to dexamethasone once per day for ten days and were compared with 4321 patients randomised to usual care alone. Among the usual care control group, 28-day mortality was highest in those on ventilators (41%), intermediate in those on oxygen only (25%), and lowest among those who were not receiving any respiratory intervention (13%).</p>

<p>The study, conducted at the University of Oxford and led by Professor Peter Horby and Professor Martin Landray, found that dexamethasone reduced the risk of dying by one-third in ventilated patients and by one fifth in other patients receiving oxygen only. There was no benefit among those who did not need respiratory intervention.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Dexamethasone is an inexpensive corticosteroid medication used to treat many inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and bronchospasm. Glucocorticoids are part of the feedback mechanism in the immune system, which modulates certain aspects of immune function. They bind to the glucocorticoid receptor, and the activated complex up-regulates the expression of anti-inflammatory proteins and represses the expression of proinflammatory proteins.</p>

<p><p style="text-align:center;"><img class="imageStyle" alt="Dexamethasone_structure" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dexamethasone_structure.png" width="352" height="280" /></p>

<p>Dexamethasone <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL384467/">CHEMBL384467</a> has good oral bioavailability (80-90%) and a reasonable half-life (4 h), with a high volume of distribution (> 50L). It is also available as a 3.3 mg/mL solution for intravenous use. Dexamethasone is extensively metabolised to 6-hydroxydexamethasone via CYP3A4 mediated oxidation.</p>

<p>The oral LD50 in female mice is reported to be 6.5g/kg.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>'In Silico Toxicology' Network Meeting 2020</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>CICAG</category><category>Toxicity</category><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2020-06-11T11:14:54+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/139df9a83b13ad12d55677bc405fb7ac-430.html#unique-entry-id-430</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/139df9a83b13ad12d55677bc405fb7ac-430.html#unique-entry-id-430</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The 'In Silico Toxicology' Network Meeting 2020 will be held on 30 September 2020, 10am-5pm (UK time).</p>

<p>On Zoom this year, and open to all (max 300 participants) more details and registration here <a href="http://www.drugdiscovery.net/tox2020/">http://www.drugdiscovery.net/tox2020/</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>An event (with free registration) to foster the In silico Toxicology Community in the UK and beyond. Scientific contributions are welcome as are those on ongoing work, regulatory aspects, industry perspectives, databases, relevant software, etc. in the field.
This event is meant to stimulate interactions and discussions, hence speakers are asked to present both about successes and applications that work, as well as areas where still further work is needed, in order to truly develop the field in the future. </p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Emerging Technologies Competition</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2020-06-06T09:21:07+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bea7b4dc5a76964b10d442b0a01382ae-429.html#unique-entry-id-429</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bea7b4dc5a76964b10d442b0a01382ae-429.html#unique-entry-id-429</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Emerging Technologies Competition is the Royal Society of Chemistry&rsquo;s annual initiative for early stage companies and academic entrepreneurs who want to commercialise their technologies to make a global impact.</p>

<p>They are seeking applications from entrepreneurs who are developing technologies that have a strong chemistry component and fall within one of the following categories:</p>

<ul>
<li>Health </li>
<li>Food &amp; Drink</li>
<li>Energy &amp; Environment</li>
<li>Enabling Technologies</li>
</ul>

<p>From the application round, 24 finalists are selected to present their technologies to a panel of judges. These judges then choose 4 winners (1 per category). Winners receive &pound;20,000 and mentorship. Applications close 12 July 2020.</p>

<p>There are more details here <a href="https://www.rsc.org/competitions/emerging-technologies/">https://www.rsc.org/competitions/emerging-technologies/</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragments and novelty</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2020-06-01T06:59:48+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e7ece004b2e2c946c94b082bbe1a26ca-428.html#unique-entry-id-428</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e7ece004b2e2c946c94b082bbe1a26ca-428.html#unique-entry-id-428</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've spoken to a couple of people recently who are very focused on identifying novel fragments for their <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_collections.html">fragment screening collection</a>. I have to say I'm not convinced about the benefit of populating your fragment collection with novel fragments. One of the really attractive features of fragment-based screening is the ability to follow up and verify the initial round of fragment hits by testing commercially available analogues, or isomers. </p>

<p>You can read more here <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragmentNovelty.html">Fragments and novelty</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Crystallographic and electrophilic fragment screening of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2020-05-28T07:02:57+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6a1323235e0c798f92119629d1dfc1f1-427.html#unique-entry-id-427</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6a1323235e0c798f92119629d1dfc1f1-427.html#unique-entry-id-427</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Full details of the Crystallographic and electrophilic fragment screening of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease are now published.
<a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.27.118117v1.full.pdf">https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.05.27.118117v1.full.pdf</a></p>

<p>An extraordinary effort highlighted by the timeline shown below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="COVIDfragmentScreen" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/covidfragmentscreen.png" width="508" height="381" /></p>

<p>The results of the first round of biological results from project moonshot are in. You can browse the data here <a href="https://postera.ai/covid/activity_data">https://postera.ai/covid/activity_data</a>.</p>

<p>A listing of my posts on <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/category-covid-19.html">COVID-19 are here</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>First round of MPro bioactivity results</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2020-05-12T06:58:11+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a00d68129bae404a60a33c15ef73e22f-426.html#unique-entry-id-426</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a00d68129bae404a60a33c15ef73e22f-426.html#unique-entry-id-426</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One of the best drug targets among coronaviruses is the main protease (Mpro), this enzyme is essential for processing the polyproteins that are translated from the viral RNA and the recognition sequence at most sites is Leu-Gln<span style="font:12px &#39;Lucida Grande&#39;, LucidaGrande, Verdana, sans-serif; ">&darr;(Ser,Ala,Gly) </span>and since no human enzymes have similar specificity inhibitors should be very specific. Mpro is a papain-like protease <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/focus/cysteine_protease_inhibitors.html">cysteine protease</a></p>

<p>I've previously <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/49b013911394f1688a14c2bcc8bc9718-416.html#unique-entry-id-416">described the fragment hits</a> from a fragment screen against crystals of the main protease (MPro) of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.  Full details of the screening effort are described here <a href="https://www.diamond.ac.uk/covid-19/for-scientists/Main-protease-structure-and-XChem/Downloads.html">https://www.diamond.ac.uk/covid-19/for-scientists/Main-protease-structure-and-XChem/Downloads.html</a></p>

<p>The results of the first round of biological results from project moonshot are in. You can browse the data here <a href="https://postera.ai/covid/activity_data">https://postera.ai/covid/activity_data</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="COVID_MProFirstresults" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/covid_mprofirstresults.png" width="656" height="435" /></p>

<p>Most of the most active compounds are chloroketones or acrylamides, presumably covalent inhibitors, and they all show selectivity over Trypsin (IC50 >99 uM).</p>

<p>There are a few structures that look more like competitive inhibitors shown below</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="COVID_MProfirstresultsGrid" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/covid_mprofirstresultsgrid.png" width="630" height="580" /></p>

<p>A number of these structures now have <a href="https://postera.ai/covid/structures#new_structures">crystal structures available</a>.</p>

<p>A sdf file containing these <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/firstResults.sdf.zip">non-covalent structures is here</a> </p>

<p>Fantastic work by all involved.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>COVID-19 and the Identification of "Drug Candidates"</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2020-04-16T08:27:28+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ace00344defefd5dd48fd47445e8fd53-425.html#unique-entry-id-425</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ace00344defefd5dd48fd47445e8fd53-425.html#unique-entry-id-425</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One of the really heartening things to come out of the current pandemic is the willingness of many scientists to put aside their own research and throw themselves into the efforts to find a treatment. However, lack of domain expertise is always a problem when scientists enter a new field, so I thought I'd put together a few things to consider.</p>

<p>In silico screening, for docking experiments you need to put considerable effort into ensuring the protein structure used is appropriate, you can't simply download a PDB file from the <a href="http://www.rcsb.org">Protein Data Bank</a> and use it. It will undoubtedly contain errors, you will need check protonation, hydrogen bonds etc. Then there is the issue of deciding which solvent molecules are important. Binding energies, docking scores are not as accurate as many seem to assume and no substitute for an experienced medicinal chemists looking at the bound poses, I've tried to summarise the types of <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">molecular interactions</a> here.  Remember to also think about the impact of <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/solvation.html">solvation</a>.  For other virtual screening approaches you need to be very careful about the quality of the input data. In many cases it will be heavily biased towards actives.</p>

<p>In silico predictions are no substitute for biological data, if you are using repurposed drugs or available chemicals there is really no excuse for not generating the appropriate in vitro biological data, there are many labs who would be happy to collaborate. If the molecules are novel many custom synthesis companies have offered to help. Remember that the IC50 is probably not that useful, it is likely that you will want to block the target 100% so you need to be above the IC95. In vitro biochemical assays using isolated enzymes will often give a false sense of potency, you should also determine activity in a cell-based assay in the presence of plasma.</p>

<p>If you are proposing a repurposed drug there will be a lot of information about the drug in the public domain, you may well need to search for compound codes, and various drug name synonyms. <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/unichem/">UniChem</a> is a very useful web service for cross-referencing between chemical structure identifiers.</p>

<p>There are now many free, web-accessible databases some useful starting points are shown in the table below.</p>

<table>
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>Name</th> <th>Link</th> <th>Description</th>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    <tr>
        <th>ChEMBL</th> <td>https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/</td> <td>A database of bioactive drug-like small molecules, it contains 2-D structures, calculated properties (e.g. logP, Molecular Weight, Lipinski Parameters, etc.) and abstracted bioactivities (e.g. binding constants, pharmacology and ADMET data).</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>PubChem</th> <td>https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</td> <td>Three linked databases within the NCBI's Entrez information retrieval system. These are PubChem Substance, PubChem Compound, and PubChem BioAssay. Many compounds have links to primary literature and patents</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Guide to Pharmacology</th> <td>https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/searchPage.jsp</td> <td>An expert-driven guide to pharmacological targets and the substances that act on them.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>DrugBank</th> <td>https://www.drugbank.ca</td> <td>The DrugBank database is a unique bioinformatics and cheminformatics resource that combines detailed drug data with comprehensive drug target information</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>NCI Thesaurus</th> <td>https://ncithesaurus.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/</td> <td>NCI Thesaurus (NCIt) provides reference terminology for many NCI and other systems. It covers vocabulary for clinical care, translational and basic research, and public information and administrative activities</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Clinical Trials</th> <td>https://clinicaltrials.gov</td> <td>A database of privately and publicly funded clinical studies conducted around the world</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>FDA</th> <td>https://www.fda.gov</td> <td>Food and Drug Administration responsible for safety and efficacy of drugs</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>WIPO</th> <td>https://www.wipo.int/portal/en/index.html</td> <td>World IP services</td>
    </tr>
    </tbody>
</table>

<p>Find out the original target and mode of action. I've seen a couple of proposed compounds that are known prodrugs, the parent compound is designed to either breakdown or be modified in vivo to yield the active compound. The prodrug may have negligible systemic exposure. <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/covalent.html">Covalent modifiers</a> may look attractive but selectivity is always a concern and they may have narrow therapeutic windows.</p>

<p>Look at the original indication, many anticancer drugs are extremely toxic and could not be given other patients. Similarly, drugs that reduce blood pressure or other physiological changes may be problematic. You may well be able to find counter-screening data, this could highlight problematic off-target activities.</p>

<p>Look at the approved dosing regime, if a drug is only approved for doses of 2 ug/kg there might well be good reasons, and if your proposed drug only has uM activity in the in vitro assays you won't be able to generate sufficient plasma concentrations. Check what safety studies have been undertaken, are they sufficient to support multi-day dosing? </p>

<p>Look at the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/">pharmacokinetics</a>, you should be able to model the dosing regime needed to maintain plasma concentrations above IC95, this will may need to be maintained 24 hours a day. Check <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/distribution.html">protein binding</a> and distribution and use in the predictive modelling.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="plasmaconcs" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/plasmaconcs.png" width="738" height="350" /></p>

<p>Look for the routes of administration, for in intensive care I suspect many will need the drug to be administered i.v. if there is no intravenous formulation is the drug soluble enough for one to be developed, ber in mind the limitations of <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/formulation.html">intravenous formulations</a></p>

<p>Many of the patients will be on multiple drugs, both to treat the viral infection but also adventitious bacterial infections and since many are elderly and have pre-existing medical conditions they may have a cocktail of drugs prescribed. <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/CYP_interactions.html">Drug-Drug interactions</a> thus become a major concern, any proposed drug to treat the virus that has major interactions with CYP450 enzymes (induction, inhibition or metabolism) is likely to hugely complicate the overall dosing regime.</p>

<p>Check for any toxicity information, particularly black box warnings. <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/herg_activity.html">HERG inhibition</a> and QT prolongation is an issue that most drug discovery projects have to address at some point. This is particularly worrying if coupled with potential drug-drug interaction described above.  You should also be able to find the data from safety studies, these may describe the dose limiting toxicities.</p>

<p>All of this information should be in the public domain, and if you are proposing a compound as a "Drug Candidate" you should not be expecting someone else to pull it all together to decide whether it is worth pursuing clinically.</p>

<p>Updated 26 April 2020</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>This Week in Virology</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><dc:date>2020-04-10T08:46:16+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7b1598d65451b0b57c4cb55ee5d27e82-424.html#unique-entry-id-424</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7b1598d65451b0b57c4cb55ee5d27e82-424.html#unique-entry-id-424</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>An interesting weekly podcast that is currently topical.</p>

<p>This week Doris Cully joins TWiV to discuss inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 in cell culture by ivermectin.</p>

<p><a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id300973784">https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id300973784</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>COVID-19 Registered Trials</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Clinical trial</category><dc:date>2020-04-02T13:49:00+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d46a9c2a567a3eefaef17645ff0b09ee-422.html#unique-entry-id-422</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d46a9c2a567a3eefaef17645ff0b09ee-422.html#unique-entry-id-422</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There are now a number of clinical trials underway and <a href="https://www.cebm.net/covid-19/registered-trials-and-analysis/">this review</a> by The Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine provides an excellent summary of the trials that are taking place. They describe proposed pharmacological interventions and their mechanisms, when known, but unfortunately don't give the chemical structures. </p>

<h2>Updated</h2>

<p>I've also now included a few other structures that people have sent to me.</p>

<p>Here is the workflow I use to get the structures and access more information about the compounds.</p>

<p>Create a text file with all the structures mentioned</p>

<p>ASC09<br>
Azvudine<br>
Azithromycin<br>
Baloxavir<br>
Carriomycin<br>
Chloroquine<br>
cobicistat <br>
Danoprevir<br>
Darunavir<br>
Dihydroartemisinin<br>
Favipiravir<br>
Fingolimod<br>
hydroxychloroquine<br>
Jakotinib <br>
Leflunomide<br>
Lopinavir<br>
marboxil<br>
Methylprednisolone<br>
oseltamivir<br>
piperaquine<br>
Remdesivir<br>
ribavirin<br>
ritonavir<br>
Ruxolitinib<br>
Suramin<br>
Thalidomide<br>
thymosin<br>
Triazavirin<br>
Umifenovir<br></p>

<p>Now read the text file into Vortex </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="covidTrialstext" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/covidtrialstext.png" width="285" height="590" /></p>

<p>The use a <a href="https://www.macinchem.org/reviews/vortex/tut35/scripting_vortex35.php">Name to Structure script</a> to use a web service to get the structures, in this case I used <a href="https://www.chemspider.com">ChemSpider</a>. Now generate the InChiKey from the structures.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="covidstructures" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/covidstructures.png" width="589" height="618" /></p>

<p>We can now use the InChiKey to search <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/unichem/">UniChem</a> using another <a href="https://www.macinchem.org/reviews/vortex/tut30/scripting_vortex30.php">Vortex script</a> to get identifiers for the molecule from various databases.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>UniChem efficiently produces cross-references between chemical structure identifiers from different databases </p>
</blockquote>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="updatedcovidstructures" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/updatedcovidstructures.png" width="811" height="867" /></p>

<p>We can then use the identifiers to search the various databases for more information</p>

<p>I've been asked if I could provide the structures for download</p>

<p>Here it is in SDF file format <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/coviddata.sdf.zip">http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/coviddata.sdf.zip</a></p>

<p>And in SMILES format <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/forpost.smi.zip">http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/forpost.smi.zip</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The quality of the crystal structure is critical</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><category>X-ray</category><dc:date>2020-03-30T07:02:00+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4ed1a06d319c8cd6b6f590f7e002db88-423.html#unique-entry-id-423</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4ed1a06d319c8cd6b6f590f7e002db88-423.html#unique-entry-id-423</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Crystal structures are not perfect, and it is important to understand the limitations and not assume as Derek Lowe once put it, they are a "message from God". It might be worth reading the section on <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/sbd.php">structure-based design</a>. </p>

<p>With this in mind I thought I'd flag this message from Bobby Glen (Cambridge) <a href="https://discuss.postera.ai/t/submission-war-xch-b68/353/4">here</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Hi, we&rsquo;re still (Jason at CCDC) porting GOLD to our HPC system so we can basically parallel dock. We should be able to dock and score early next week I hope, There are a few issues we also are addressing wrt the crystal structures, Gerard Bricogne at Global Phasing is kindly re-refining the published structure from the ED, this hopefully will inform us of for making some changes to the orientation/pKa and tautomers of the histidines and some of the other AAs. It&rsquo;s very difficult to &lsquo;see&rsquo; hydrogen in x-ray and these are inferred from the structure. We need to be sure we have a decent model of this (at physiological pH) before doing all the calculations. An example is H163, which is in the binding site, and is critical to a few of the interactions seen in ligands for this class of proteases. Automated hydrogen addition can be problematic.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>News categories Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>News</category><dc:date>2020-03-29T09:11:41+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/87214b8e0bcf5fd598924e3211488a12-421.html#unique-entry-id-421</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/87214b8e0bcf5fd598924e3211488a12-421.html#unique-entry-id-421</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/categories.html">News Categories</a> provides a means to rapidly find new articles and update information on this site.</p>

<p>There has been a significant increase in several categories so I've updated the page.</p>

<p>For example:</p>

<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/category-covid-19.html">COVID-19</a><br></p>

<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/category-coronavirus.html">Coronavirus</a><br></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Help design inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2020-03-26T07:16:03+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/56e2d9014f4d85d86170f3dfbe565eb6-420.html#unique-entry-id-420</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/56e2d9014f4d85d86170f3dfbe565eb6-420.html#unique-entry-id-420</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Are you a medicinal chemist currently locked out of your lab?</p>

<p>Why not take a break from writing papers/reports and lend your expertise to this effort, <a href="https://covid.postera.ai/covid">https://covid.postera.ai/covid</a>. They have identified 60 fragment hits and are asking for insight in what should be made next.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>We are now asking for your help in designing new inhibitors based on these initial fragment hits: the exceptionally dense readout suggests countless opportunities for growing and merging, and we need many sharp brains to sift through them; it is also what makes us believe that potency can be directly achieved.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The first round of submissions will be reviewed tonight and the selected molecules will be made by Enamine. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Structures of SARS-CoV-2 ligands PYMOL session files</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><dc:date>2020-03-24T07:01:13+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b09cfe6f9fcfc4913dde1497ed916413-419.html#unique-entry-id-419</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b09cfe6f9fcfc4913dde1497ed916413-419.html#unique-entry-id-419</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One of the best drug targets among coronaviruses is the main protease (Mpro), this enzyme is essential for processing the polyproteins that are translated from the viral RNA and the recognition sequence at most sites is Leu-Gln<span style="font:12px &#39;Lucida Grande&#39;, LucidaGrande, Verdana, sans-serif; ">&darr;(Ser,Ala,Gly) </span>and since no human enzymes have similar specificity inhibitors should be very specific. Mpro is a papain-like protease <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/focus/cysteine_protease_inhibitors.html">cysteine protease</a></p>

<p>I've previously <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/49b013911394f1688a14c2bcc8bc9718-416.html#unique-entry-id-416">described the fragment hits</a> from a fragment screen against crystals of the main protease (MPro) of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.  Full details of the screening effort are described here <a href="https://www.diamond.ac.uk/covid-19/for-scientists/Main-protease-structure-and-XChem/Downloads.html">https://www.diamond.ac.uk/covid-19/for-scientists/Main-protease-structure-and-XChem/Downloads.html</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>I've downloaded all the structures that were screened, both those that bind and those where no binding was observed and put them into a single file, also added inChiKey, SMILES, PubChem ID, PDB ID of ligand if known and a range of other identifiers from different databases, the file is available here <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/Archive.zip">http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/Archive.zip</a>.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Whilst that is probably sufficient for those looking at cheminformatics driven approaches to designing new molecules anyone wanting to undertake structure based design would need to download all the structures and then overlay them to visualise on their desktop. Fortunately Manish Sud of <a href="http://www.mayachemtools.org">MayaChemTools</a> has done the hard work and generated a series of PYMOL session files that allow you explore the enzyme crystal structure and the screening data interactively.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="COVID19pymol" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/covid19pymol.png" width="857" height="533" /></p>

<p>PYMOL is an open source molecular visualisation application, you can download it here <a href="https://pymol.org/2/">https://pymol.org/2/</a> or install using conda</p>

<pre><code>conda install -c schrodinger pymol
</code></pre>

<p>If you have not used it before <a href="https://pymolwiki.org/index.php/Practical_Pymol_for_Beginners">there is a tutorial here</a></p>

<p>The PyMOL session files are setup to facilitate the analysis of protein ligand interactions in the binding pocket, to view the files select "Open" from the file menu bar, some of the larger files make take a little while to load.</p>

<h2>X-ray crystal structures and electron densities </h2>

<p>COVID-19 main protease with unliganded active site (2019-nCoV, coronavirus disease 2019, SARS-CoV-2) <a href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/6y84">6Y84</a> and the crystal structure of COVID-19 main protease in complex with an inhibitor N3 <a href="https://www.rcsb.org/structure/6lu7">6LU7</a>.</p>

<p>The PYMOL session files (zipped) can be downloaded here</p>

<p><a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/COVID19-MPro-6LU7-6Y84.pse.zip">http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/COVID19-MPro-6LU7-6Y84.pse.zip</a></p>

<p><a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/COVID19-MPro-6LU7-6Y84-ElectronDensity.pse.zip">http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/COVID19-MPro-6LU7-6Y84-ElectronDensity.pse.zip</a></p>

<h2>Structures for non-covalent ligands</h2>

<p>The structures of the non-covalent ligands are here.</p>

<p><a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/MproFullXChemScreen-ActiveSiteNonCovalent-ver-2020-03-18.pse%2007-31-53-384.zip">http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/MproFullXChemScreen-ActiveSiteNonCovalent-ver-2020-03-18.pse%2007-31-53-384.zip</a>.</p>

<p>If you are not familiar with fragment-based screening there is an <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">introduction here</a> including some examples of fragment growing. </p>

<p>It is likely that fragments will only have very modest affinity and that to completely suppress the enzyme it will require very high affinity ligands with good pharmacokinetics to achieve 100% occupancy for 24 hours per day. For this reason molecules that irreversibly bind to the enzyme might be an attractive alternative option. </p>

<h2>Structures for covalent ligands are here</h2>

<p>The session file containing the covalent ligands are here</p>

<p><a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/MproFullXChemScreen-Covalent-ver-2020-03-18.pse.zip">http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/MproFullXChemScreen-Covalent-ver-2020-03-18.pse.zip</a>.</p>

<p>This is a large file so Manish has divided it.</p>

<p><a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/MproFullXChemScreen-Covalent-PartI-ver-2020-03-18.pse.zip">http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/MproFullXChemScreen-Covalent-PartI-ver-2020-03-18.pse.zip</a></p>

<p><a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/MproFullXChemScreen-Covalent-PartII-ver-2020-03-18.pse.zip">http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/COVID19/MproFullXChemScreen-Covalent-PartII-ver-2020-03-18.pse.zip</a></p>

<p>Whilst much of drug discovery deals with non-covalent, reversible interactions with the target protein there are also a class of therapeutic agents that bind covalently to the target protein, these are <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/covalent.html">described on this page</a>. To mitigate the risk of off-target toxicity you will need to maximise the selectivity for the target enzyme. Glutathione conjugation can be used as a surrogate for off-target reactivity.</p>

<h2>Getting designs made</h2>

<p>Once you have designed a novel ligand have a look at <a href="https://covid.postera.ai/covid">Design a Compound, We Will Make It</a> </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Designs will be prioritized by factors, such as ease of synthesis, and toxicity modeling, then synthesized by Enamine and tested by groups around the world. PostEra will be running machine learning algorithms in the background to triage suggestions and generate synthesis plans to enable a rapid turnaround. You will be informed of the progress of the molecules through the main stages (validation, synthesis and testing).</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>COVID-19 Open Research Dataset Challenge (CORD-19)</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>artificial intelligence</category><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><dc:date>2020-03-19T14:30:01+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9469320aeb824781111e1272784fafbc-418.html#unique-entry-id-418</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9469320aeb824781111e1272784fafbc-418.html#unique-entry-id-418</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There are a number of COVID-19 Kaggle challenges open at the moment, <a href="https://www.kaggle.com/datasets?search=COVID">https://www.kaggle.com/datasets?search=COVID</a>.</p>

<p>One of the more recent is:-</p>

<h2>COVID-19 Open Research Dataset Challenge (CORD-19)</h2>

<p>There is a large body of research and literature continuously evolving around COVID-19. Help the research community and global organizations better digest this to answer key questions."</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the White House and a coalition of leading research groups have prepared the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19). CORD-19 is a resource of over 29,000 scholarly articles, including over 13,000 with full text, about COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and related coronaviruses. This freely available dataset is provided to the global research community to apply recent advances in natural language processing and other AI techniques to generate new insights in support of the ongoing fight against this infectious disease. There is a growing urgency for these approaches because of the rapid acceleration in new coronavirus literature, making it difficult for the medical research community to keep up.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>You can <a href="https://www.kaggle.com/allen-institute-for-ai/CORD-19-research-challenge?utm_medium=email&amp;utm_source=intercom&amp;utm_campaign=CORD-19-research-chal-email">read more about it here</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>favipiravir shows promise in treatment of COVID-19</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><dc:date>2020-03-18T08:39:31+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a395f903afa6921138664fed677394ef-417.html#unique-entry-id-417</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a395f903afa6921138664fed677394ef-417.html#unique-entry-id-417</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Favipiravir, also known as T-705, Avigan, or favilavir is a drug designed to treat RNA viral infections <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.02.198">DOI</a> and <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.09.015">DOI</a>. It is phosphoribosylated by cellular enzymes to its active form, favipiravir-ribofuranosyl-5'-triphosphate (RTP) and inhibits the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="favipiravir" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/favipiravir.png" width="654" height="283" /></p>

<p>Favipiravir has recently been reported to be effective in the treatment of coronavirus patients <a href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-03/17/c_138887971.htm">Link</a>. It appears to be effective in patients showing mild to moderate symptoms, but not effective in patients showing more severe symptoms.</p>

<p>A search of <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/unichem/frontpage/results?queryText=ZCGNOVWYSGBHAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N%0A&amp;kind=InChIKey&amp;sources=&amp;incl=exclude">UniChem using the InChiKey</a> gives details of all identifiers and links to clinical studies.</p>

<p>A number of clinical trials have been completed or are ongoing on ClinicalTrials.gov and can be <a href="https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?&amp;type=Intr&amp;intr=%22T-705%22%20OR%20%22FAVIPIRAVIR%22%20OR%20%22AVIGAN%22">found here</a>.</p>

<p>Whilst it appears to be safe and well tolerated, and it has been approved for flu it has not yet been approved for COVID-19, </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment hits for SARS-CoV-2</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>COVID-19</category><category>Coronavirus</category><category>SARS-CoV-2</category><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2020-03-09T13:48:18+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/49b013911394f1688a14c2bcc8bc9718-416.html#unique-entry-id-416</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/49b013911394f1688a14c2bcc8bc9718-416.html#unique-entry-id-416</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A group of researchers including Dave Stuart, Martin Walsh, and Frank von Delft (Diamond Light Source) has performed a fragment screen against crystals of the main protease (MPro) of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Even before fully analyzing all of the data they have released interim results <a href="https://www.diamond.ac.uk/covid-19/for-scientists/Main-protease-structure-and-XChem.html">https://www.diamond.ac.uk/covid-19/for-scientists/Main-protease-structure-and-XChem.html</a>.</p>

<p>The hits can be viewed on <a href="https://fragalysis.diamond.ac.uk/viewer/react/snapshot/4c6c8fb1-f072-4b17-b948-5b6eeec0ebf1">fraglaysis here</a>.</p>

<p>I've downloaded all the structures that were screened, both those that bind and those where no binding was observed and put them into a single file, also added inChiKey, SMILES, PubChem ID, PDB ID of ligand if known and a range of other identifiers from different databases, the file is available here <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/Archive.zip">http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/Archive.zip</a></p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="corvidfrags" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/corvidfrags.png" width="558" height="455" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ChEMBL 26 Released</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Chembl</category><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2020-03-03T16:22:51+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5af4b878793aab9662570c9318732c79-415.html#unique-entry-id-415</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5af4b878793aab9662570c9318732c79-415.html#unique-entry-id-415</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The latest release of the essential molecule bioactivity dataset has just been announced.</p>

<p>ChEMBL 26 contains</p>

<ul>
<li>2,425,876 compound records</li>
<li>1,950,765 compounds (of which 1,940,733 have mol files)</li>
<li>15,996,368 activities</li>
<li>1,221,311 assays</li>
<li>13,377 targets</li>
<li>76,076 documents</li>
</ul>

<p>A couple of notes </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>We are now using RDKit for almost all of our compound-related processing. For the first time in ChEMBL<em>26, this will include compound standardization, salt-stripping, generation of canonical smiles, structural alerts, image depiction, substructure searches and similarity searches (via FPSim2: https://github.com/chembl/FPSim2). Therefore, all molecules have been reprocessed and you may notice some differences in molfiles, smiles and structure search results compared with previous releases. The ChEMBL structure curation pipeline has been released as an open source package: https://github.com/chembl/ChEMBL</em>Structure_Pipeline, and incorporated into our Beaker web services (see below). More information can be found here: http://chembl.blogspot.com/2020/02/chembl-compound-curation-pipeline.html.</p>

<p>We are also now using ChemAxon tools to calculate most acidic and basic pKa, logP and logD (pH 7.4) predictions, rather than ACDLabs software. These properties have therefore been recalculated and renamed in the database.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The <a href="ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/chembl/ChEMBLdb/releases/chembl_26/chembl_26_release_notes.txt">release notes contain more details</a> and the database can be downloaded from the <a href="ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/chembl/ChEMBLdb/releases/chembl_26">ChEMBL FTP site</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Discovery of novel antibiotic Halicin using deep learning</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><category>artificial intelligence</category><dc:date>2020-02-21T06:25:41+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/050a4e7043958931db346b5c612facf5-414.html#unique-entry-id-414</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/050a4e7043958931db346b5c612facf5-414.html#unique-entry-id-414</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A recent paper has caught a lot of attention recently "A Deep Learning Approach to Antibiotic Discovery" <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.01.021">DOI</a> from Regina Barzilay's group at MIT. They used a deep neural network model to predict growth inhibition of Escherichia coli using a collection of 2,335 molecules, the molecules were described using Morgan fingerprints, computed using RDKit, for each molecule using a radius of 2 and 2048-bit fingerprint vectors. Using this methodology they identified the known c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor SU3327 which they renamed Halicin. A quick search using <a href="https://www.macinchem.org/reviews/molseeker/molSeeker.php">MolSeeker</a> allowed identification of the structure and inChiKey.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="halicin" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/halicin.png" width="748" height="324" /></p>

<p>A search of UniChem using the InChikey <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/unichem/frontpage/results?queryText=NQQBNZBOOHHVQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N%0A&amp;kind=InChIKey&amp;sources=&amp;incl=exclude">NQQBNZBOOHHVQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N</a> identified a number of other identifiers in different databases.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="halicinUnichem" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/halicinunichem.png" width="684" height="341" /></p>

<p>Including a link to the ChEMBL entry <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound_report_card/CHEMBL510038/">CHEMBL510038</a> giving the biological data 0.7 nM Inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase by time-resolved FRET assay, and links to the original 2009 publication <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm801503n">DOI</a> describing the c-JNK SAR. The compound has a rat half-life of 0.45 h. There is another publication that might be of interest describing "Discovery of 2-(5-nitrothiazol-2-ylthio)benzo[d]thiazoles as novel c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitors"  <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.bmc.2009.02.046">DOI</a>.</p>

<p>Certainly an interesting approach, I suspect the nitrothiazole functionality would set off a few structural alerts but there are certainly of plenty of similar compounds commercially available that would allow exploration of the SAR without too much investment in resources.</p>

<p>All code and data is available on <a href="https://github.com/chemprop/chemprop">GitHub</a> and there is also a website where you can test your own molecules <a href="http://chemprop.csail.mit.edu">http://chemprop.csail.mit.edu</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="chemprop" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/chemprop.png" width="709" height="470" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Potential 2019-nCoV 3C-like Protease Inhibitors</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>Physicochem</category><category>2019-nCoV</category><category>COVID-19</category><dc:date>2020-02-13T07:56:56+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c6c554ab3824396fec8504d5981debdd-413.html#unique-entry-id-413</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c6c554ab3824396fec8504d5981debdd-413.html#unique-entry-id-413</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Chris Southan recently <a href="https://twitter.com/biogerontology/status/1227808477164081152">flagged</a> a number of publications describing possible treatments for 2019-nCoV using repurposed existing drugs "Therapeutic options for the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)" <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41573-020-00016-0">DOI</a>. In addition a recent preprint "Potential 2019-nCoV 3C-like Protease Inhibitors Designed Using Generative Deep Learning Approaches" <a href="https://chemrxiv.org/articles/Potential_2019-nCoV_3C-like_Protease_Inhibitors_Designed_Using_Generative_Deep_Learning_Approaches/11829102">DOI</a> highlighted the design of potential protease inhibitors. The authors provide the structures of the molecules in the supplementary informations.</p>

<p>I downloaded the sdf file and used a <a href="https://www.macinchem.org/reviews/ipython/calcproperties2.php">Jupyter notebook</a> to calculate a range of physicochemical properties, the results are shown in the plot below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="testpng" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/testpng.png" width="750" height="500" /></p>

<p>As often seen with protease inhibitors, the molecular weight is rather high with the majority of compounds having Mol Weight >500. The calculated LogP is mainly in the range 2 to 5, however because 40% of the molecules are predicted to be basic the LogD is mainly in the range 0-4. This combination of high molecular weight and rather high LogP is likely to compromise the developability score (for more details on develop ability score read "20 years Rule of Five" <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/20yRo5_Meeting_report.pdf">report here</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="ritchie.png" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ritchie.png.jpeg" width="702" height="429" /></p>

<p>The molecules are also predicted to have a rather high number of hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, this contributes to high polar surface area (TPSA). In general TPSA >120 are often associated with poor oral bioavailability, however it should be noted that the TPSA was not calculated on a 3D structure and it is possible that intramolecular hydrogen bonds may reduce the actual TPSA, also described in the 20 years Rule of Five report.</p>

<p>Scanning through the molecules I noticed a number of functional groups that might be a concern (e.g. Micheal Acceptors), I ran a couple of Vortex scripts that flag potential problematic groups based on SMARTS taken from the following publications</p>

<p>http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm901137j <br>
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jm5019093 <br>
https://doi.org/10.1177/1087057116639992 <br>
https://dx.doi.org/10.1177%2F1087057113516861 <br></p>

<p>I also ran a couple scripts that flag potential liver toxicity or HERG liabilities. These flags should not be used to exclude molecules but should be used to flag molecules for checking experimentally. The script identifies the functional group that has been flagged as a liver toxicity liability, and identifies the most similar molecule in ChEMBL that has HERG activity. The results are shown in the image below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Screenshot 2020-02-13 at 07.52.44" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/screenshot-2020-02-13-at-07.52.44.png" width="578" height="518" /></p>

<p>I also added InChiKeys for better cross referencing.</p>

<p>I've exported all results as an sdf file which can be found here <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/INSCoV_2020sdfv1addedflags.sdf.zip">http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/INSCoV_2020sdfv1addedflags.sdf.zip</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>SCI-RSC Workshop on Computational Tools for Drug Discovery 2020</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>CICAG</category><dc:date>2020-02-05T15:52:44+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/64f913cd8555c1e30de98c2c074d7128-412.html#unique-entry-id-412</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/64f913cd8555c1e30de98c2c074d7128-412.html#unique-entry-id-412</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The SCI Fine Chemicals Group and RSC Chemical Information and Computer Applications Group are organising a second Workshop on Computational Tools for Drug Discovery. The meeting format will be the same as the very successful meeting run in Birmingham in 2019.</p>

<p>The 2020 workshop will be held on 19 May 2020 at Riverside West, Whitehall Road, Leeds , West Yorkshire, LS1 4AW.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="OSAcallforFrags" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/osacallforfrags.png" width="607" height="374" /></p>

<p><markdown>
The SCI Fine Chemicals Group and RSC Chemical Information and Computer Applications Group are organising a second Workshop on Computational Tools for Drug Discovery. The meeting format will be the same as the very successful meeting run in Birmingham in 2019.</p>

<p>The 2020 workshop will be held on 19 May 2020 at Riverside West, Whitehall Road, Leeds , West Yorkshire, LS1 4AW,</p>

<p>The Workshop Providers and Facilitators are</p>

<ul>
<li>Al Dossetter, MedChemica</li>
<li>Greg Landrum, KNIME</li>
<li>Gunther Stahl, OpenEye</li>
<li>Ilenia Giangreco, CCDC</li>
<li>Matt Segall, Optibrium</li>
<li>Stuart Firth-Clark, Cresset</li>
</ul>

<p>Attendees will be able to choose from 4 of 6 sessions.</p>

<p>To select which workshops you would like to attend for each session, please complete the survey on the website. Please note that spaces are allocated on a first-come, first-served basis.</p>

<p>More details of the workshops and registration details are on the website shown below</p>

<p><a href="https://www.soci.org/events/scirsc-workshop-on-computational-tools-for-drug-discovery">https://www.soci.org/events/scirsc-workshop-on-computational-tools-for-drug-discovery</a>.<b></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Who’s sharing their clinical trial results?</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Clinical trial</category><dc:date>2020-01-24T16:57:33+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/96b8a93d9055b3c928ecb3a792a229a7-411.html#unique-entry-id-411</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/96b8a93d9055b3c928ecb3a792a229a7-411.html#unique-entry-id-411</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>An interesting recent publication "Compliance with legal requirement to report clinical trial results on ClinicalTrials.gov: a cohort study" <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)33220-9">DOI</a> has highlighted the failure of many institutions to report the results of clinical trials within 1 year of completion as required by law.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>4209 trials were due to report results; 1722 (40&middot;9%; 95% CI 39&middot;4&ndash;42&middot;2) did so within the 1-year deadline. 2686 (63&middot;8%; 62&middot;4&ndash;65&middot;3) trials had results submitted at any time. Compliance has not improved since July, 2018.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Thus nearly 60% of trials are not reported within the deadline, they also looked at the relative compliance of the different sectors</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Industry sponsors and large (experienced) sponsors were most likely to report trial data, whereas universities were the least likely. The sponsor with the lowest compliance was the US government.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>To aid monitoring they have produced <a href="http://fdaaa.trialstracker.net/?status%5B%5D=overdue&amp;status%5B%5D=overdue-cancelled&amp;status%5B%5D=reported-late">FDAAA trials Tracker</a> which allows anyone to check compliance.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="clinicalTrials" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/clinicaltrials.png" width="730" height="457" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>31st symposium on Medicinal Chemistry in Eastern England</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>RSC</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2020-01-21T07:48:05+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2274410747724563b793ffbc55434bf8-410.html#unique-entry-id-410</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2274410747724563b793ffbc55434bf8-410.html#unique-entry-id-410</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Symposium on Medicinal Chemistry in Eastern England, known colloquially as the "Hatfield MedChem" meeting, is a highly successful, long-standing, one-day meeting which runs annually. The scientific program comprises of presentations showcasing medicinal chemistry case studies from tools to candidates, across a range of modalities, therapeutic areas and target classes, as well as covering more general topics from the forefront of drug discovery of relevance to medicinal chemists. The meeting aims to be informal and interactive and the event will offer excellent scientific and networking opportunities for all those working in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery.</p>

<p>It will take place on Thursday 30th April 2020 at The Fielder Centre, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK</p>

<p>Registration is now open.</p>

<p>Full details of the scientific programme and registration details are on the website <a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/hatfield_symposium-31.htm">https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/hatfield_symposium-31.htm</a></p>

<p>Always a very popular meeting so registration early is recommended.</p>

<p>Twitter hashtag #HatfieldMedChem20 </p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Phenotypic Screening now offered by the European Lead Factory</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><category>elf</category><dc:date>2020-01-15T06:49:50+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d1c31f08fe7ce0ff12535b3b4a5b97ae-409.html#unique-entry-id-409</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d1c31f08fe7ce0ff12535b3b4a5b97ae-409.html#unique-entry-id-409</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The European Lead Factory has announced that it can now <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/node/319">offer two types of phenotypic screening</a>:</p>

<ul>
<li>A high-throughput, but &ldquo;lower content&rdquo; phenotypic approach that is suited to screening ELF&rsquo;s entire compound collection, and</li>
<li>A more complex &ldquo;high content&rdquo; screening approach using microscopy or flow cytometry to probe phenotype on a smaller subset of the compound collection</li>
</ul>

<p>While low content assays can be live measurements or have fixed end points and involve well-averaged readouts, high content assays can be much more complex, based on live or fixed cells, multiple cell types and usually have more than one parameter as a readout. The complexity of the latter workflow makes it better suited to being performed on a smaller representative subset of the large collection.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Phenotypic screening historically has been the basis for the discovery of many drugs. Compounds are screened in cellular or animal disease models to identify compounds that cause a desirable change in phenotype. Only after the compounds have been discovered are efforts made to determine the biological targets of the compounds - a process known as target deconvolution. </p>
</blockquote>

<p>Proposals for phenotypic screening approaches follow the normal review and selection process. A dedicated application form is available <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/how-submit/drug-target-assays/supporting-documents-proposal-submission">here</a>.</p>

<p><strong>The submission deadline for the next review and selection round is February 7, 2020</strong>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>EFMC Prize for a Young Medicinal Chemist in Industry/Academia</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2020-01-15T06:31:58+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/11285f24b025df3ba20d2a9c014faaec-408.html#unique-entry-id-408</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/11285f24b025df3ba20d2a9c014faaec-408.html#unique-entry-id-408</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I just thought I'd highlight this award.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The EFMC created the &ldquo;EFMC Prize for a Young Medicinal Chemist in Industry/Academia&rdquo; as we felt it was important to acknowledge and recognise outstanding young medicinal chemists (&le; 12 years after PhD) working in European industry and academia. The 2020 Prizes will be given at the XXVI EFMC "International Symposium on Medicinal Chemistry" (EFMC-ISMC 2020) to be held in Basel, Switzerland on September 6-10, 2020. Both prizes consist of a diploma, an invitation to give an oral communication at the EFMC-ISMC, and a cash prize of &euro; 1,000.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>To find out more on the regulations and the application procedure visit the EFMC website: <a href="https://www.efmc.info/prizes">https://www.efmc.info/prizes</a>, closing date Jan 31 2020.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drugs approved by EMA in 2019</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drugs</category><dc:date>2020-01-13T07:00:00+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c14a5b26ad3e8106df1ed66507a64b7a-407.html#unique-entry-id-407</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c14a5b26ad3e8106df1ed66507a64b7a-407.html#unique-entry-id-407</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I recently posted details of the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/457868ae8e55299eeb7b77b07940b072-405.html#unique-entry-id-405">small molecule drugs approved by the FDA in 2019</a>. This generated considerable interest and I thought it might worthwhile doing a similar thing for the drug approvals in Europe. However this turns out to be less straight-forward, medicines can be authorised in several European countries simultaneously by using one of three procedures: the 'centralised procedure', the 'mutual-recognition procedure' or the 'decentralised procedure'. Medicines can also be authorised in a single Member State by using the national authorisation procedure of that country. The <a href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en">European Medicines Agency</a> is responsible for the centralised procedure so I downloaded just the drugs approved via this mechanism.</p>

<p>Of the 61 approvals in 2019, 45 were small molecule drugs and 16 were biologics. The structures of the small molecules are shown below</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Structures" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/structures.png" width="750" height="587" /></p>

<p>Looking at the calculated physiochemical properties of the small molecules one thing is quite interesting, around 50% are predicted to be ionised at physiological pH.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="abzn2019" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/abzn2019.png" width="605" height="556" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>

<p>As shown in the plot below (Blue = small molecules, Green = Biologics) the largest group of drugs were Antineoplastic agents, the next largest groups being anti-virals and immunosuppressants.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="TherapeuticTargets" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/therapeutictargets.png" width="777" height="780" /></p>

<h2>Biosimilars</h2>

<p>Four "biosimilars" were also approved. <a href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/kromeya">Kromeya</a> and <a href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/idacio">idacio</a> both of which contain adalimumab (Humira) a TNF-alpha inhibitor as the active ingredient. Adalimumab was the first fully human monoclonal antibody approved by the FDA in 2002. </p>

<p><a href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/grasustek">Grasustek</a> contains the active substance pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) a PEGylated form of the recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) analog filgrastim. <a href="https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/zirabev">Zirabev</a> contains the active substance bevacizumab (Avastin) that blocks angiogenesis by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A).</p>

<p>These four drugs join a number of other biosimilars approved in Europe, with the UK in particular keen to move to biosimilars. Biosimilars are expected to save the EU up to $44 billion in health care costs by 2020 <a href="https://www.insidesources.com/europe-demonstrates-benefits-strong-biosimilars-marketplace/">LINK</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Most important, the EU is realizing the benefits of biosimilars without sacrificing safety or quality. Of the biosimilars approved since 2006, none have been withdrawn or suspended for safety or efficacy reasons. Further, regulators have not identified any differences in the nature, severity or frequency of adverse effects between biosimilars and biologics.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment based screening pages updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2020-01-06T08:02:00+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f6be8c5edce122737b17c33435357436-406.html#unique-entry-id-406</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f6be8c5edce122737b17c33435357436-406.html#unique-entry-id-406</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I spent some time over the Christmas break updating the Drug Discovery Resources pages on Fragment-Based screening, adding new vendors and updating the physicochemical profiles. I've also added some discussion on the elaboration/optimisation of fragments.</p>

<p>The pages are</p>

<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment-Based Screening</a><br>
<a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/buildingFragCollection.html">Building a Fragment Collection</a><br>
<a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_collections.html">Available Fragment Collections</a><br>
<a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_collection_profiles.html">Profiles of Fragment Collections</a><br>
<a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html">Fragment-Based Screening Published Hits</a><br></p>

<p>The published fragments contains details of fragments that have been reported as hits in the literature, this database now has over 1500 entries culled from over 310 publications directed at nearly 220 different molecular targets using 26 different detection technologies.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="TargetTypes" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/targettypes.png" width="640" height="636" /></p>

<p>It could be argued that published fragment hits perhaps gives us an insight into the best fragments to include in library design.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Small molecules approved by FDA in 2019</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>FDA</category><category>Drugs</category><dc:date>2019-12-28T11:34:11+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/457868ae8e55299eeb7b77b07940b072-405.html#unique-entry-id-405</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/457868ae8e55299eeb7b77b07940b072-405.html#unique-entry-id-405</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Drug approvals from the <a href="https://www.fda.gov/drugs/new-drugs-fda-cders-new-molecular-entities-and-new-therapeutic-biological-products/novel-drug-approvals-2019">FDA in 2019</a> a total of 48 with the "small" molecules shown below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="FDAapprovals2019" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fdaapprovals2019.png" width="836" height="854" /></p>

<p>Calculated physicochemical properties for the individual components (I guess some are not so small).</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="FDA2019" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fda2019.png" width="750" height="500" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seasons Greetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2019-12-18T19:46:14+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c42d9152245eb29417f3f8c248c25de3-404.html#unique-entry-id-404</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c42d9152245eb29417f3f8c248c25de3-404.html#unique-entry-id-404</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Have a great time and a successful New Year, it's a beautiful world let's make sure it is still there for future generations.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="IMG_7695" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/img_7695.jpg" width="1572" height="768" /></p>

<p>As usual any monies saved on cards will be donated to the MS Society</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>LogP/D page updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>logD</category><category>Physicochem</category><dc:date>2019-12-15T07:52:01+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d9abb1e496c11a2b57b2784326da3f22-403.html#unique-entry-id-403</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d9abb1e496c11a2b57b2784326da3f22-403.html#unique-entry-id-403</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/logD.html">page on LogP and LogD</a> is one of the most frequently read and it has been updated to include recent publications.</p>

<p>Lipophilicity is possibly the most important physicochemical property of a potential drug, it plays a role in solubility, absorption, membrane penetration, plasma protein binding, distribution, CNS penetration and partitioning into other tissues or organs such as the liver and has an impact on the routes of clearance. It is important in ligand recognition, not only to the target protein but also CYP450 interactions, HERG binding, and PXR mediated enzyme induction.</p>

<p>The contributions of various functional groups to LogD has been explored "LogD contributions of substituents commonly used in medicinal chemistry" <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00489">DOI</a>, this study used matched molecular pairs analysis of experimental LogD values from several thousand compounds collected using the shake-flask method at pH = 7.4. They reported the average deltaLogD difference for particular molecular pairs. I've compared these experimental results with calculated LogD.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="MMPLogDfragsmall" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/mmplogdfragsmall.png" width="651" height="513" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ADME pages updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>Website</category><category>Aldehyde oxidase</category><category>DMPK</category><dc:date>2019-12-09T08:45:00+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/54c9b3f33ab212112ef8e58b8da73674-402.html#unique-entry-id-402</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/54c9b3f33ab212112ef8e58b8da73674-402.html#unique-entry-id-402</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've spent a while updating the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/">ADME section</a> of the Drug Discovery Resources. I particular I've added a little on the Developability score <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C3MD00003F">DOI</a> that identifies four distinct cLog P/molecular weight regions that define optimal and sub-optimal chemical space. I've also added a couple of useful references.</p>

<p>In addition, I've expanded the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/absorption.html">Absorption and Bioavailability page</a> to include more on bioavailability with links to physicochemical properties. The <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/distribution.html">Distribution and Plasma Protein Binding section</a> has a couple of extra examples demonstrating the impact plasma protein binding has on other pharmacokinetic properties. I've added a few details of in vitro assays to the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/transporters.html">Transporters page</a>, and expanded the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/brian_penetration.html">in silico brain penetration models</a> section.</p>

<p>The section on <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/aldehyde_oxidase.html">Aldehyde oxidase</a> has been greatly expanded and now includes a section on prediction and mitigation, and added useful references.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="ao_substrates" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ao_substrates.png" width="617" height="877" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>BioBlocks</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2019-12-05T09:04:05+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3633efc24a920c60ac92907dd52121a3-401.html#unique-entry-id-401</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3633efc24a920c60ac92907dd52121a3-401.html#unique-entry-id-401</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've added a new entry on to the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_collections.html">available fragments page</a>, BioBlocks is a newcomer to the field of fragment collections. Whilst many collections are culled from available compound collections using calculated property filters (eg Rule of 3), BioBlocks have designed novel fragments and as such there is negligible overlap with other collections. One concern with bespoke fragments is that it is often a challenge to find related analogues for followup. The BioBlocks Comprehensive Fragment Library (CFL) is a subset generated from a >1 million member synthesizable virtual library, so follow up compounds can be generated using proven in house chemistry.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="BioBlocks" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bioblocks.png" width="750" height="500" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Practical Fragments Poll</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2019-12-04T09:09:08+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fa28ba536814c1151436765d75ea4697-400.html#unique-entry-id-400</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fa28ba536814c1151436765d75ea4697-400.html#unique-entry-id-400</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The latest fragment-finding methods poll has been published on <a href="https://practicalfragments.blogspot.com/2019/12/poll-results-affiliation-and-fragment.html">Practical Fragments</a>.</p>

<p>The results underline the increase in the use of <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">fragment based screening</a> across the industry with 85% of the respondents now reporting that they actively use fragment screening. The technologies used to detect binding have also diversified with X-ray, NMR and SPR dominating. This mirrors my findings from <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html">published fragment hits</a>. The choice of detection technology may be due to the additional structural information that X-Ray and NMR can offer.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="FragDetectTech" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fragdetecttech.png" width="624" height="498" /></p>

<p>I was delighted to see this comment,</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>For the first time we asked about use of literature to identify fragments, and nearly a third of respondents said they incorporate previously published fragments into their work. As the amount of publicly available information continues to increase it will be interesting to see whether this number grows.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I'll be updating the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html">published fragment hits</a> at the end of the year.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>OpenTargets updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2019-11-28T16:45:36+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a07c2dfda1601799f3bb417f96efff48-399.html#unique-entry-id-399</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a07c2dfda1601799f3bb417f96efff48-399.html#unique-entry-id-399</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Just had an email about the latest <a href="https://blog.opentargets.org/2019/11/28/open-targets-platform-release-19-11-is-out/">Open Targets Platform release - 19.11</a>.</p>

<p>In this release there is data on</p>

<ul>
<li>27,069 targets</li>
<li>13,579 diseases</li>
<li>8.91 million pieces of evidence</li>
<li>6.33 million associations between targets and diseases</li>
</ul>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>20 Years of Rule of 5 Meeting Report</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>Report</category><category>RSC</category><category>CICAG</category><category>BMCS</category><dc:date>2019-11-25T11:38:52+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8b295e66e0c5d2366accc9381ae439f5-398.html#unique-entry-id-398</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8b295e66e0c5d2366accc9381ae439f5-398.html#unique-entry-id-398</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It has been over twenty years since Lipinski published his work determining the properties of drug molecules associated with good solubility and permeability. Since then, there have been a number of additions and expansions to these &ldquo;rules&rdquo;. There has also been keen interest in the application of these guidelines in the drug discovery process and how these apply to new emerging chemical structures such as macrocycles.  This symposium brought together researchers from a number of different areas of drug discovery and provided a historical overview of the use of Lipinski&rsquo;s rules, as well as looking to the future and how we use these rules in the changing drug compound landscape.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Ritchie" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ritchie.png" width="702" height="429" /></p>

<p>The 20 Years of the Rule of Five Meeting brought together researchers from a number of different areas of drug discovery and provided both a historical overview of the use of Lipinski&rsquo;s rules, as well as looking to the future and how these rules might evolve in the changing drug compound landscape. The meeting had a capacity attendance of over 100, with Sygnature kindly providing the venue. The audience was a nice mix of industry &ldquo;veterans&rdquo;, students and those new to the industry. The meeting format was a morning session giving a historical viewpoint followed by a panel discussion, and the afternoon was dedicated by a more forward looking session again followed by a panel discussion.</p>

<p>The full report is here in PDF format <a href="https://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/20yRo5_Meeting_report.pdf">Full Report</a>, many thanks to the presenters for permission to use the images.</p>

<p>More details and the available slide decks are <a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/twenty-years-Ro5.htm">here</a>, Twitter hashtag - #RuleofFive2019.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Call for Open Source Antibiotics Fragment Contributions</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2019-11-12T18:36:24+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bab0f4a43e97925f756b4035d41bc422-397.html#unique-entry-id-397</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bab0f4a43e97925f756b4035d41bc422-397.html#unique-entry-id-397</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What we have: Fragment hits from an initial screen against MurE and MurD, performed at Diamond screening facility, and a platform to screen additional fragment libraries or follow-up compounds. </p>

<p>What we need: Additional chemical matter for screening. The Diamond screening platform is high-throughput and we would ideally be able to take full advantage of this. </p>

<p>Full details are on the <a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/murligase/issues/13">Open Source Antibiotics website</a></p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="OSAcallforFrags" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/osacallforfrags.png" width="729" height="449" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Covalent Modification</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Covalent inhibitors</category><dc:date>2019-10-18T11:43:46+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/50f09fe1eabab598ae1c2ec3e58061e4-396.html#unique-entry-id-396</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/50f09fe1eabab598ae1c2ec3e58061e4-396.html#unique-entry-id-396</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've written a page in the Drug Discovery Resources on <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/covalent.html">covalent inhibitors</a>.</p>

<p>This publication suggests this area is going to become more important "An activity-guided map of electrophile-cysteine interactions in primary human immune cells" <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/808113v1">https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/808113v1</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Here, we present a global map of cysteines in primary human T cells that are susceptible to covalent modification by electrophilic small molecules. More than 3000 covalently liganded cysteines were found on functionally and structurally diverse proteins, including many that play fundamental roles in immunology. </p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>European Lead Factory</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>elf</category><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2019-10-18T11:27:20+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/aca95794d1cdbabad6184f8775e07a3f-395.html#unique-entry-id-395</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/aca95794d1cdbabad6184f8775e07a3f-395.html#unique-entry-id-395</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Great news! European Lead Factory has restarted.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Pivot Park Screening Centre has successfully completed the first ultra-High Throughput Screening in IMI&rsquo;s ESCulab project, and as such restarting the operations of the European Lead Factory. The screening on the European Compound Collection of ~500.000 compounds using a biochemical 1536-wells assay was finished within 4 days. Currently triaging of the UK owned program is ongoing within the Consortium, applying further biochemical and biophysical follow-up assays as well as the resynthesis of promising hits.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The programme is currently accepting proposals <a href="http://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/drug-target-assays">http://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/drug-target-assays</a>.</p>

<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kKKhocBMl8w" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>First call for proposals to the Psychiatry Consortium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>grant funding</category><dc:date>2019-10-07T10:02:22+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d76d9fb7b78badbdf70cf225f2c9d8ed-394.html#unique-entry-id-394</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d76d9fb7b78badbdf70cf225f2c9d8ed-394.html#unique-entry-id-394</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A new initiative, great to see efforts in CNS diseases.</p>

<p>First call for proposals to the Psychiatry Consortium. Read more about the kind of projects the Psychiatry Consortium is looking to fund on the website <a href="https://md.catapult.org.uk/syndicates/psychiatry-consortium/?">https://md.catapult.org.uk/syndicates/psychiatry-consortium/?</a>.</p>

<p><a href="https://pro.evalato.com/1005">Register here</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>History of rare diseases and their genetic causes - a data driven approach</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2019-10-01T18:26:58+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/17fc968906ebf3223c4a826009b7981b-393.html#unique-entry-id-393</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/17fc968906ebf3223c4a826009b7981b-393.html#unique-entry-id-393</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One of the advantages of being a consultant is that I can feel free to contribute to projects that I find interesting. So as well as working with a couple of Open-Source drug discovery projects (e.g. <a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics">Open Source Antibiotics</a> I can also follow a couple of rare disease programs.</p>

<p>This publication looks very useful <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/595819">History of rare diseases and their genetic causes - a data driven approach</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>This dataset provides information about monogenic, rare diseases with a known genetic cause supplemented with manually extracted provenance of both the disease and the discovery of the underlying genetic cause of the disease.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>More details of how the dataset was constructed.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>We collected 4166 rare monogenic diseases according to their OMIM identifier, linked them to 3163 causative genes which are annotated with Ensembl identifiers and HGNC symbols. The PubMed identifier of the scientific publication, which for the first time describes the rare disease, and the publication which found the gene causing this disease were added using information from OMIM, Wikipedia, Google Scholar, Whonamedit, and PubMed. The data is available as a spreadsheet and as RDF in a semantic model modified from DisGeNET.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>A very interesting read.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Targets Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><category>Chemical probes</category><dc:date>2019-09-26T14:53:31+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3176e94f4bfd16c6c1d9ca40db8e7fb1-392.html#unique-entry-id-392</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3176e94f4bfd16c6c1d9ca40db8e7fb1-392.html#unique-entry-id-392</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The latest <a href="https://www.targetvalidation.org">Open Targets Platform</a> 19.09 has been released. The latest release contains</p>

<p>27,024 targets
10,474 diseases
3.33 million pieces of evidence
7.78 million associations between targets and diseases</p>

<p>In addition, a number of Target Enabling Packages (TEP) provided by <a href="http://www.thesgc.org/">Structural Genomics Consortium</a> have been included, there are <a href="https://www.thesgc.org/tep">more details here</a>. Several new chemical probes have also been included.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Covalent Inhibtors page updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Covalent inhibitors</category><category>lead identification</category><dc:date>2019-09-16T11:19:25+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1e7c9805867c8b9fb551b07aa1c86933-391.html#unique-entry-id-391</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1e7c9805867c8b9fb551b07aa1c86933-391.html#unique-entry-id-391</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've updated the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/covalent.html">covalent inhibitors page</a> to include details of two covalent fragment libraries that have been used in fragment screening.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="NUD7hits" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/nud7hits.png" width="475" height="336" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>In Silico Toxicology' Network Meeting 2019</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Toxicity</category><category>Cheminformatics</category><dc:date>2019-08-28T15:29:40+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a1259fd573a625d9ef8e6755259feabe-390.html#unique-entry-id-390</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a1259fd573a625d9ef8e6755259feabe-390.html#unique-entry-id-390</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A new initiative that should be very useful, </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>An event (with free registration) to foster the In silico Toxicology Community in the UK and beyond. Scientific contributions are as welcome as those on ongoing work, regulatory aspects, industry perspectives, databases, relevant software, journals etc. in the field. This event is meant to stimulate interactions and discussions, hence speakers are asked to present both about in silico toxicology approaches that are already useful to be applied at the current stage, as well as aspects that don't work that well right now, and where future developments are hence needed.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Venue 26 November 2019, Unilever Lecture Theatre, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge (CB2 1EW)</p>

<p>Full details and link for registration here <a href="http://www.drugdiscovery.net/tox/">In Silico Toxicology' Network Meeting 2019</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Ester and Amide bioisosteres page updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2019-08-28T14:42:31+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/60fac89636cb1a810091fbd6576a4d76-389.html#unique-entry-id-389</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/60fac89636cb1a810091fbd6576a4d76-389.html#unique-entry-id-389</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A small update to the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/ester_bioisosteres.html">Ester and Amide bioisosteres page</a>. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2019-08-08T08:48:52+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6a928c311c441d838a1f3fc772694358-388.html#unique-entry-id-388</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6a928c311c441d838a1f3fc772694358-388.html#unique-entry-id-388</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Just checking the half-year viewing stats for the Drug Discovery Resources section of the website.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The Drug Discovery Resources pages are intended to act as a resource for scientists undertaking drug discovery, they were initially based on a course I give but have been expanded to give much more detail and to cover subjects not covered in the course.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Over the first six months there were nearly 35,000 users with users on average viewing 2-3 pages.  The visitors come from 152 different countries with the US (33%), UK (14%) , India (8%), Germany (3.2%) and Canada (3.1%) topping the list.</p>

<p>The most viewed pages over this period were</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/logD.html">Lipophilicity</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/">Calculating Physicochemical Properties</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/distribution.html">Distribution and Plasma Protein Binding</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/">Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">Molecular Interactions</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/focus/kinaseinhib.html">Kinase Inhibitors</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/acid_bioisosteres.html">Acid Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/aromatic_bioisosteres.html">Aromatic Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/solvation.html">Solvation and desolvation</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com//resources/hit_identification/aspartic_protease_inhibitors.html">Aspartic Acid Proteases</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/CYP_interactions.htmll">CYP Interactions</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment based screening</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/herg_activity.html">HERG</a></li>

</ul>

<p>Looking at the operating systems 56% are Windows users, 20% Mac users, 10% iOS and 10% Android, Chrome dominates the browser stats (65%) with Safari second (17%) and Firefox third (10%).</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open-access Antimicrobial Screening Database</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><category>Open Access</category><dc:date>2019-08-02T06:57:20+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a29ab6ec8d721c909bc9b62f09fcb43d-387.html#unique-entry-id-387</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a29ab6ec8d721c909bc9b62f09fcb43d-387.html#unique-entry-id-387</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I just got news of the first public release of CO-ADD screening data</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>CO-ADD is a non-for-profit initiative led by academics at The University of Queensland. Our goal is to screen compound for antimicrobial activity for academic research groups and generate a public knowledge database for the development of novel agents for the treatment of microbial infections. The knowledge base contains chemical structures and antimicrobial activity data from CO-ADD&rsquo;s screening, made publicly available by the academic research groups, with more data to be released over time.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The <a href="https://db.co-add.org/screening-data/">database is available here</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="COADdatabase" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/coaddatabase.png" width="739" height="533" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>More on hydrogen bonding interactions</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Molecular interactions</category><dc:date>2019-07-17T09:19:56+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/70b93f7e5127a4307501da2c759df8b4-386.html#unique-entry-id-386</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/70b93f7e5127a4307501da2c759df8b4-386.html#unique-entry-id-386</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Studies of hydrogen bond strength and directionality are largely based on crystal structures which can be biased by crystal packing forces. In a systematic QM study of a wide range of hydrogen bonding groups by Diogo Santos-Martins, Stefano Forli, 34 donors and 67 acceptors <a href="https://chemrxiv.org/articles/Charting_Hydrogen_Bond_Anisotropy/8865944">DOI</a> they showed there is no correlation between the strength of the hydrogen bond and directionality.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Results demonstrate that there are very strong HB acceptors (e.g.,DMSO) with nearly isotropic interactions, and weak ones (e.g.,thioacetone) with a sharp directional profile. Similarly, groups can have comparable directional propensity, but be very distant in the strength spectrum (e.g., thioacetone and pyridine). </p>
</blockquote>

<p>This work also includes a fabulous sheet in the supplementary information giving details of interaction energies for various groups.</p>

<p>I've updated the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">molecular interactions page</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Funding Opportunities</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>grant funding</category><dc:date>2019-07-13T08:50:00+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a6cd3aea9488cdc7209c29e1c157207c-385.html#unique-entry-id-385</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a6cd3aea9488cdc7209c29e1c157207c-385.html#unique-entry-id-385</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2>The GHIT Fund announces an investment opportunity for the Target Research Platform</h2>

<p>The GHIT Fund announces an investment opportunity for the <a href="https://www.ghitfund.org/applyforfunding/trp/en">Target Research Platform</a> (TRP) in Partnership with the Wellcome Trust. The TRP investments are intentionally broad in potential scope and focus on new technologies and novel approaches.</p>

<p>TRP investments are intentionally broad in potential scope and focus on new technologies and novel approaches. Proposals must be within the project scope and investment eligibility below in order to be considered. The TRP is currently focused on technologies and approaches that address unmet or priority needs within malaria, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS and Neglected Tropical Diseases listed in the GHIT Intent to Apply form.</p>

<h2>MRC/AstraZeneca Centre for Lead Discovery</h2>

<p>The <a href="https://mrc.ukri.org/funding/browse/mrc-az-cld1/mrc-astrazeneca-centre-for-lead-discovery/">MRC/AstraZeneca Centre for Lead Discovery</a> (CLD) aims to support academic researchers in discovering potential starting points for small molecule therapeutic approaches with a clear line-of-sight to therapeutic use. The MRC/AZ Centre for Lead Discovery will form a unique cornerstone for academic and industrial drug discovery projects by supplying high throughput screening (HTS) infrastructure (NiCoLA-B). </p>

<h2>Canada-UK Artificial Intelligence Initiative</h2>

<p><a href="https://mrc.ukri.org/funding/browse/canada-uk/artificial-intelligence-initiative/">The call</a> aims to support innovative and cutting-edge interdisciplinary AI research that encourages the exploration of new interdisciplinary research methodologies, approaches and tools that cuts across at least two of the following research domains:</p>

<ul>
<li>social sciences and humanities;</li>
<li>health and biomedical sciences; and</li>
<li>natural sciences and engineering (including computational and/or mathematical sciences).</li>
</ul>

<p>There is also a more comprehensive <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/grant_funds.html">listing of grant funding here</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Where Drugs Come From: A Comprehensive Look</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2019-07-10T07:34:43+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/00c9ae5e7cacd49477b2997a37f3166b-384.html#unique-entry-id-384</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/00c9ae5e7cacd49477b2997a37f3166b-384.html#unique-entry-id-384</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I was going to highlight this article a while back "Academia and industry: allocating credit for discovery and development of new therapies" <a href="https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI129122">DOI</a> but got distracted. However I notice that Derek Lowe has written a commentary that is far more detailed than I could have written on his In the Pipeline Blog.</p>

<p>You can read it here <a href="https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2019/05/28/where-drugs-come-from-a-comprehensive-look">Where Drugs Come From</a> it is well worth spending a little reading, digesting and then sending the link to others.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>canSAR BLACK</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2019-07-03T20:59:15+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3a3e5ed95f7f3a40a727b134d4ed35b3-383.html#unique-entry-id-383</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3a3e5ed95f7f3a40a727b134d4ed35b3-383.html#unique-entry-id-383</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://cansarblack.icr.ac.uk">cansar black v1.1.1</a> now available - includes improved search, new protein family page, and performance improvements</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>canSAR is an integrated knowledge-base that brings together multidisciplinary data across biology, chemistry, pharmacology, structural biology, cellular networks and clinical annotations, and applies machine learning approaches to provide drug-discovery useful predictions.
canSAR&rsquo;s goal is to enable cancer translational research and drug discovery through providing this knowledge to researchers from across different disciplines. It provides a single information portal to answer complex multi-disciplinary questions including - among many others: what is known about a protein, in which cancers is it expressed or mutated and what chemical tools and cell line models can be used to experimentally probe its activity? What is known about a drug, its cellular sensitivity profile and what proteins is it known to bind that may explain unusual bioactivity?</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Targets Platform: release 19.06 is out</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><category>Chemical probes</category><dc:date>2019-06-27T19:55:06+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/21f39a28230672c3b6203fee71f82f89-382.html#unique-entry-id-382</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/21f39a28230672c3b6203fee71f82f89-382.html#unique-entry-id-382</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The latest update of the <a href="http://blog.opentargets.org/2019/06/27/open-targets-platform-release-19-06-is-out/">Open Targets Platform</a>, release 19.06 is available.</p>

<p>This update includes</p>

<h2>Target safety information</h2>

<p>As a follow-up to the safety data in Open Targets Platform release 19.04, now has more targets with known safety effects and safety risk information, including TBXA2R and JAK2.</p>

<h2>TEPs and chemical probes</h2>

<p>In this release, they've included the latest Target Enabling Packages (TEPs) for GALT, GALK1 and MLLT1. Also added more chemical probes, small-molecule modulators of a protein&rsquo;s function that can be used in cell-based or animal studies.</p>

<h2>Target-disease associations</h2>

<p>A new release always means new evidence available for novel target-disease associations.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Early career MedChem workshop</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><category>Training</category><dc:date>2019-06-14T07:20:08+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1a4d73831c75ded42426d12050e37a79-381.html#unique-entry-id-381</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1a4d73831c75ded42426d12050e37a79-381.html#unique-entry-id-381</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Early Career MedChem Workshop is a pre-meeting workshop taking place on the Sunday afternoon before the <a href="https://www.soci.org/events/20th-scirsc-medicinal-chemistry-symposium">20th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</a>, Churchill College, Cambridge, Sunday 8 - Wednesday 11 September 2019.</p>

<p>It is aimed at early career (up to 5 years&rsquo; experience) medicinal chemists. Registration for this event will be at no additional cost to the main meeting.</p>

<p>The workshop will consist of a team-based exercise around a virtual medicinal chemistry programme and will offer participants:</p>

<ul>
<li>Training in advanced medicinal chemistry</li>
<li>Testing out leadership/decision making skills</li>
<li>Networking between potential future leaders of different organisations</li>
<li>Introductions of possible future collaborators from pharma, CRO, charity and SME sectors</li>
<li>Opportunity for informal interaction with experienced medicinal chemists workshop facilitators who will be open to questions around their own experiences</li>
<li>Attendance at the full 20th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium including lectures on a full range of drug targets, key enabling processes and technologies</li>
</ul>

<p>Feedback from previous events has been excellent for this unique learning experience.</p>

<p>Also note there are student bursaries to help fund attendance at this event, email conferences@soci.org for more information.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Upcoming Conferences</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>RSC</category><category>artificial intelligence</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2019-06-06T06:45:00+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/13d64f7b80f9c6b905dfbf241ff0cddf-380.html#unique-entry-id-380</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/13d64f7b80f9c6b905dfbf241ff0cddf-380.html#unique-entry-id-380</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I just thought I'd mention a couple of meetings I'm helping to organise.</p>

<h2><a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/AI-2019.htm">2nd RSC-BMCS / RSC-CICAG Artificial Intelligence in Chemistry</a></h2>

<p>Artificial Intelligence is presently experiencing a renaissance in development of new methods and practical applications to ongoing challenges in Chemistry. Following the success of the inaugural &ldquo;Artificial Intelligence in Chemistry&rdquo; meeting in 2018 a second meeting has been organised at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge (2nd to 3rd September 2019). The <a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/AI-2019.htm">lineup is now finalised</a> and looks like a great selection of speakers. There is still time to submit posters (closing date 5th July).</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="AI-webpage-image" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ai-webpage-image.gif" width="238" height="238" /></p>

<p><a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/AI-online_registration.htm">Registration is open</a> and there are discounts for RSC members.</p>

<p>The Twitter hashtag - <a href="https://twitter.com/search?q=%23AIChem19%20&amp;src=typd">#AIChem19</a> is already being actively used.</p>

<h2>20th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</h2>

<p>This is Europe&rsquo;s premier biennial Medicinal Chemistry event, focussing on first disclosures and new strategies in Medicinal Chemistry. It takes place a Churchill College, Cambridge UK, 8 September - 11 September 2019. There is a fantastic <a href="https://www.soci.org/events/20th-scirsc-medicinal-chemistry-symposium">lineup of speakers</a> and looks to be one of the highlights of the MedChem calendar. Early career scientists can also take part in a Medicinal chemistry workshop on the Sunday afternoon, a great way for people to learn medicinal chemistry and meet other scientists in a fun and informal setting.</p>

<p>You can <a href="https://www.soci.org/events/20th-scirsc-medicinal-chemistry-symposium">register here</a> both RSC and SCI members get a reduced rate, and despite the slightly confusing page on the SCI website you don't have to be a member to attend, just select "Event Member FREE from the dropdown menu and you can register for the event without membership.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Screenshot 2019-06-05 at 20.25.03" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/screenshot-2019-06-05-at-20.25.03.png" width="484" height="381" /></p>

<h2><a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/twenty-years-Ro5.htm">Twenty Years of the Rule of Five</a></h2>

<p>It has been over twenty years since Lipinski published his work determining the properties of drug molecules associated with good solubility and permeability. Since then, there have been a number of additions and expansions to these &ldquo;rules&rdquo;. There has also been keen interest in the application of these guidelines in the drug discovery process and how these apply to new emerging chemical structures such as macrocycles. </p>

<p>This meeting aims to have a look at the impact the Ro5 has had on drug discovery and as well as looking to the future and how we use these rules in the changing drug compound landscape as drug discovery moves into novel areas of chemistry.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Ro5-webimage-2" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ro5-webimage-2.gif" width="224" height="224" /></p>

<p>There is a <a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/twenty-years-Ro5.htm">very exciting group of speakers</a> and the timetable has been designed to allow a panel discussion after each session. Given the topic and the speakers I'm sure these will be entertaining sessions.</p>

<p>You can <a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/twenty-years-Ro5-registration.htm">register here</a> and there are discounts for RSC members</p>

<p>Twitter hashtag - <a href="https://twitter.com/search?q=%23RuleofFive2019&amp;src=typd">#RuleofFive2019</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>European Lead Factory looking for novel screening programmes again</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>elf</category><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2019-06-01T07:12:40+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/21c13244045427cc5aa200fa6815dda5-379.html#unique-entry-id-379</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/21c13244045427cc5aa200fa6815dda5-379.html#unique-entry-id-379</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The European Lead Factory has been funded for another round of screening activities but under a new name European Screening Centre: unique library for attractive biology <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/news-events/european-lead-factory-europe&rsquo;s-largest-collaborative-drug-discovery-platform-continues">ESCulab</a>. Over the next five years, the European Lead Factory will initiate 185 new drug discovery projects by screening medically relevant drug targets from European researchers, small and medium-sized enterprises and pharmaceutical industry against the ELF library of 550,000 unique chemical compounds.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The European Lead Factory was launched in 2013 and set up a joint collection of half a million compounds and a state-of-the-art high throughput screening centre. By the time the project ended last year, they had delivered results to researchers in universities, small biotechs and large companies across Europe, helping them to identify potential new drug candidates and breathing new life into a range of disease areas. In many cases, the seeds sown by the European Lead Factory resulted in new patents, partnering deals, and two start-ups. Now, a new IMI project, ESCulab will build on the work of the European Lead Factory. This means that researchers with drug targets can apply to screen the project&rsquo;s compound collection for hits and get help developing any compounds further if they like. Jon de Vlieger, coordinator of the ESCulab consortium at Lygature, said: &lsquo;It&rsquo;s truly exciting to continue the onboarding of new and innovative proposals for screening and provide high quality starting points for drug discovery to academics and SMEs throughout Europe. In an effort to broaden our scope we are not only looking for target-based approaches, but now also enable phenotypic screens.&rsquo;</p>
</blockquote>

<p>You can <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/about/drug-target-or-screening-programme-proposers-whats-it-you">apply here</a>. If you don't have an assay in a format suitable for ultra high-throughput screening it is worth noting that the <a href="https://wellcome.ac.uk/funding/schemes?&amp;field_scheme_type=91&amp;field_grant_type=">Wellcome Trust</a> have small awards designed to help with the technology change required for HTS.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Medicines Used</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Marketed Drugs</category><dc:date>2019-05-22T10:18:43+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f4a630d1d63b5e19dc4c342e9957fe83-378.html#unique-entry-id-378</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f4a630d1d63b5e19dc4c342e9957fe83-378.html#unique-entry-id-378</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We often see news stories about the "biggest" drugs based on sales, however this way of looking at drug sales is somewhat skewed by the high cost of some therapeutics, particularly biologics. It is also noteworthy that the majority of the drugs are indicated for cancer.</p>

<table>
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>Drug</th> <th>Indication</th> <th>Worldwide Sales 2018</th>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    <tr>
        <td>Humira</td> <td>Rheumatoid Arthritis</td> <td>$19.936 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Eliquis</td> <td>Anticoagulant</td> <td>&nbsp;$9.872 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Revlimid</td> <td>Cancer</td> <td>$9.685 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Opdivo</td> <td>Cancer</td> <td>$7.570 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Keytruda</td> <td>Cancer</td> <td>$7.171 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Enbrel</td> <td>Rheumatoid Arthritis</td> <td>$7.126 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Herceptin</td> <td>Cancer</td> <td>$6.981 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Avastin</td> <td>Cancer</td> <td>$6.847 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Rituxan</td> <td>Cancer</td> <td>$6.750 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Xarelto</td> <td>Anticoagulant</td> <td>6.589 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Eylea</td> <td>Cancer/AMD</td> <td>$6.551 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Remicade</td> <td>Crohn's Disease</td> <td>$5.908 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Prevnar 13</td> <td>Pneumonia</td> <td>$5.802 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Stelara</td> <td>Psoriasis</td> <td>&nbsp;$5.156 billion</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Lyrica</td> <td>Epilepsy/Pain</td> <td>$4.970 billion</td>
    </tr>
    </tbody>
</table>

<p>I can't help but think that a better metric might be the number of patients treated. Whilst I don't have access to worldwide prescriptions the NHS in the UK does provide some information as part of the <a href="https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/prescription-cost-analysis/2018">Prescription cost analysis for 2018</a>. Whilst the number of prescriptions does correspond exactly with the number of patients treated I suspect it gives a very good indication.</p>

<p>Looking at the categories of drugs it is interesting to note that cancer does not figure in the top 20 categories. As you might expect lipid-lowering drugs, gastric ulcer treatment, treatments for cardiovascular disease, anti-depressants and analgesics are the most prescribed.</p>

<table>
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>Drug Category</th> <th>Number of items</th>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    <tr>
        <td>Lipid-Regulating Drugs</td> <td>74,289,246</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Proton Pump Inhibitors</td> <td>60,024,837</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors</td> <td>44,159,042</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Calcium-Channel Blockers</td> <td>41,102,081</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Beta-Adrenoceptor Blocking Drugs</td> <td>38,617,728</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Selective Serotonin Re-Uptake Inhibitors</td> <td>38,216,924</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Non-Opioid Analgesics And Compound Prep</td> <td>35,998,332</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Antiplatelet Drugs</td> <td>34,139,843</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Thyroid Hormones</td> <td>32,253,535</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Control Of Epilepsy</td> <td>27,989,893</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Vitamin D</td> <td>24,559,380</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Opioid Analgesics</td> <td>23,393,193</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Selective Beta(2)-Agonists</td> <td>22,900,805</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Biguanides</td> <td>21,806,787</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Corticosteroids (Respiratory)</td> <td>20,879,110</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Angiotensin-II Receptor Antagonists</td> <td>20,499,156</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Oral Anticoagulants</td> <td>17,613,257</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Tricyclic & Related Antidepressant Drugs</td> <td>16,704,980</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Other Antidepressant Drugs</td> <td>15,911,182</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Thiazides And Related Diuretics</td> <td>14,628,130</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Antihistamines</td> <td>13,626,254</td>
    </tr>
    </tbody>
</table>

<p>Looking at the top most prescribed drugs, small molecule drugs dominate for all indications.</p>

<table>
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>Chemical Name</th> <th>Indication</th> <th>Items</th>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    <tr>
        <td>Atorvastatin</td> <td>Lipid-Regulating Drugs</td> <td>41,820,664</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Levothyroxine Sodium</td> <td>Thyroid Hormones</td> <td>32,187,950</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Omeprazole</td> <td>Proton Pump Inhibitors</td> <td>31,038,076</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Amlodipine</td> <td>Calcium-Channel Blockers</td> <td>29,052,338</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Ramipril</td> <td>Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors</td> <td>28,605,025</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Lansoprazole</td> <td>Proton Pump Inhibitors</td> <td>25,461,167</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Simvastatin</td> <td>Lipid-Regulating Drugs</td> <td>24,303,261</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Bisoprolol Fumarate</td> <td>Beta-Adrenoceptor Blocking Drugs</td> <td>23,625,562</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Colecalciferol</td> <td>Vitamin D</td> <td>23,609,903</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Aspirin</td> <td>Non-Opioid Analgesics And Compound Prep</td> <td>23,397,042</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Metformin Hydrochloride</td> <td>Diabetes</td> <td>21,806,787</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Salbutamol</td> <td>Selective Beta(2)-Agonists</td> <td>21,577,054</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Paracetamol</td> <td>Non-Opioid Analgesics And Compound Prep</td> <td>18,516,491</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Co-Codamol (Codeine Phos/Paracetamol)</td> <td>Opioid Analgesics</td> <td>15,179,951</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Sertraline Hydrochloride</td> <td>Selective Serotonin Re-Uptake Inhibitors</td> <td>14,815,719</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Citalopram Hydrobromide</td> <td>Selective Serotonin Re-Uptake Inhibitors</td> <td>14,136,645</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Amitriptyline Hydrochloride</td> <td>Tricyclic & Related Antidepressant Drugs</td> <td>13,532,567</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Furosemide</td> <td>Thiazides And Related Diuretics</td> <td>11,945,445</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Beclometasone Dipropionate</td> <td>Corticosteroids (Respiratory)</td> <td>10,671,698</td>
    </tr>
    </tbody>
</table>

<p>Also of note is the number of prescriptions for drugs that are readily available over the counter.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>No Support for Historical Candidate Gene or Candidate Gene-by-Interaction Hypotheses for Major Depression Across Multiple Large Samples</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2019-05-17T18:25:15+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ebd69c86159513d385cdab3adb76822b-377.html#unique-entry-id-377</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ebd69c86159513d385cdab3adb76822b-377.html#unique-entry-id-377</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>For depression, SLC6A4 seemed like a great candidate and was supported by very early gene studies</p>

<p>BUT&hellip;.</p>

<p>Am J Psychiatry. 2019 May 1;176(5):376-387. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2018.18070881">DOI</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The study results do not support previous depression candidate gene findings, in which large genetic effects are frequently reported in samples orders of magnitude smaller than those examined here. Instead, the results suggest that early hypotheses about depression candidate genes were incorrect and that the large number of associations reported in the depression candidate gene literature are likely to be false positives.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>How many other early gene disease association studies need to be checked?</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Drug Discovery Resources</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><category>Macrocycles</category><category>ADME</category><category>Metabolism</category><category>Covalent inhibitors</category><dc:date>2019-05-10T21:03:12+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/08258b0f8ed9aafc474065de607b5636-376.html#unique-entry-id-376</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/08258b0f8ed9aafc474065de607b5636-376.html#unique-entry-id-376</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've done some updates to the Drug Discovery Resources.</p>

<p>The Following Pages have been Updated</p>

<p><a href="../resources/hit_identification/macrocycles/macrocycles.html" title="Macrocycles">Macrocycles</a> <br>
<a href="../resources/ADME/predicting_metabolism.html" title="Predicting Metabolism">Predicting Metabolism</a> <br>
<a href="../resources/lead_identification/covalent.html" title="Covalent Inhibitors">Covalent Inhibitors</a> <br></p>

<p><a href="../resources/lead_identification/protacs/protacs.html" title="Protacs">PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras</a> (PROTACs), Lysosome Targeting Chimeras (LYTACs), and ENDosome TArgeting Chimeras (ENDTACs)</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Twenty Years of the Rule of Five</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2019-05-09T11:55:41+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2455d165add415bdec49ab027cce5217-375.html#unique-entry-id-375</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2455d165add415bdec49ab027cce5217-375.html#unique-entry-id-375</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>RSC-BMCS and RSC-CICAG are delighted to announce registration is now open for Twenty Years of the Rule of Five, Wednesday, 20th November 2019, Sygnature Discovery, BioCity, Nottingham, UK. #RuleofFive2019</p>

<p>It has been over twenty years since Lipinski published his work determining the properties of drug molecules associated with good solubility and permeability. Since then, there have been a number of additions and expansions to these &ldquo;rules&rdquo;. There has also been keen interest in the application of these guidelines in the drug discovery process and how these apply to new emerging chemical structures such as macrocycles. </p>

<p><p style="text-align:center;"><img class="imageStyle" alt="Ro5-webimage-2" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ro5-webimage-2.gif" width="280" height="280" /></p>

<p>This symposium will bring together researchers from a number of different areas of drug discovery and will provide a historical overview of the use of Lipinski&rsquo;s rules, as well as looking to the future and how we use these rules in the changing drug compound landscape.</p>

<p>Full details and registration are here <a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/twenty-years-Ro5.htm">https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/twenty-years-Ro5.htm</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Cathepsin C inhibitor chemical probe</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><category>Chemical probes</category><dc:date>2019-05-09T07:49:57+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2ff2cc1efab643d273f4b31dc673a68b-374.html#unique-entry-id-374</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2ff2cc1efab643d273f4b31dc673a68b-374.html#unique-entry-id-374</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As part of the Boehringer Ingelheim's efforts to foster innovation, they are  share selected molecules with the scientific community all for free. The <a href="https://opnme.com/home">opnme portal</a> gives access to a range of novel ligands. The latest addition is BI-9740</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>BI-9740 is a very potent and highly selective inhibitor of the enzymatic activity of Cathepsin C. It blocks human CatC in vitro with an IC50 of 1.8 nM and shows > 1500x selectivity versus the related proteases Cathepsin B, F, H, K, L and S. BI-9740 displays no activity against 34 unrelated proteases from different classes up to a concentration of 10 &micro;M.</p>
</blockquote>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="BI9740" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bi9740.png" width="490" height="273" /></p>

<p><a href="../resources/chemicalprobes.html" title="Chemical Probes">Chemical probes</a> are absolutely essential for target validation and it is great to see so many high quality tools being made available.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>European Lead Factory update</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2019-05-02T20:17:36+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9a20546be4832390aa174f0b8a8a13c2-373.html#unique-entry-id-373</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9a20546be4832390aa174f0b8a8a13c2-373.html#unique-entry-id-373</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The European Lead Factory (ELF) secured a total project budget of EUR 36.5 million under the second framework of the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI). 20 partners in 7 countries will push forward the transformation of potential drug targets to new medicines in the new project ESCulab (European Screening Centre: unique library for attractive biology) under the European Lead Factory brand.</p>

<p>Full details here <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/news-events/european-lead-factory-europe&rsquo;s-largest-collaborative-drug-discovery-platform-continues">https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/news-events/european-lead-factory-europe&rsquo;s-largest-collaborative-drug-discovery-platform-continues</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Over the next five years, the European Lead Factory will initiate 185 new drug discovery projects by screening medically relevant drug targets from European researchers, small and medium-sized enterprises and pharmaceutical industry against the ELF library of 550,000 unique chemical compounds.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>European universities dismal at reporting results of clinical trials</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Clinical trial</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2019-04-30T17:25:43+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4af30ad01e8825b8d86839440abbb4a4-372.html#unique-entry-id-372</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4af30ad01e8825b8d86839440abbb4a4-372.html#unique-entry-id-372</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Clinical trial data is some of the most important information in Drug Discovery, after all it is humans we are looking to treat! However <a href="https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/01f35d_42e869002189401d80a672d4ecff3f73.pdf?index=true">analysis of 30 leading institutions</a> found that just 17% of study results had been posted online. The 30 universities surveyed are those that sponsor the most clinical trials in the EU. Fourteen of these institutions had failed to publish a single results summary.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Screenshot 2019-04-30 at 17.31.28" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/screenshot-2019-04-30-at-17.31.28.png" width="786" height="344" /></p>

<p>The Universities that have failed to publish a single trial result are highlighted in red in the table below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Screenshot 2019-04-30 at 17.32.57" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/screenshot-2019-04-30-at-17.32.57.png" width="667" height="668" /></p>

<p>The contrast between the UK universities and the rest of Europe could not be starker, </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>UK universities in the survey performed significantly better than those in the rest of Europe. The University of Oxford and King&rsquo;s College London had both published 93% of the trial results due on the register, and University College London had posted 81%. </p>
</blockquote>

<p>According to the report every single medical university in the UK is currently working hard to upload missing clinical trial results onto the EU registry, and in many cases onto other registries such as ISRCTN and the US registry Clinicaltrials.gov as well. This demonstrates that where there is a will, there is a way.</p>

<p>If we remove the UK Universities from the analysis the level of reporting falls to a pitiful 7%.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Lack of transparency in clinical trials harms patients. The timely posting of summary results is an ethical and scientific obligation.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>2nd RSC-BMCS / RSC-CICAG Artificial Intelligence in Chemistry</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>artificial intelligence</category><dc:date>2019-04-23T08:46:00+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e706931801b27a96403b2f485b897064-371.html#unique-entry-id-371</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e706931801b27a96403b2f485b897064-371.html#unique-entry-id-371</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The lineup for the <a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/AI-2019.htm">2nd RSC-BMCS / RSC-CICAG Artificial Intelligence in Chemistry</a> Monday-Tuesday,  2nd to 3rd September 2019 Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge, UK has been updated.</p>

<p><p style="text-align:center;"><img class="imageStyle" alt="AI-webpage-image" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ai-webpage-image.gif" width="340" height="340" /></p>

<p>Twitter #AIChem19</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Artificial Intelligence is presently experiencing a renaissance in development of new methods and practical applications to ongoing challenges in Chemistry. Following the success of the inaugural &ldquo;Artificial Intelligence in Chemistry&rdquo; meeting in 2018, we are pleased to announce that the Biological &amp; Medicinal Chemistry Sector (BMCS) and Chemical Information &amp; Computer Applications Group (CICAG) of the Royal Society of Chemistry are once again organising a conference to present the current efforts in applying these new methods. The meeting will be held over two days and will combine aspects of artificial intelligence and deep machine learning methods to applications in chemistry.</p>
</blockquote>

<h2>Speakers</h2>

<p>Deep learning applied to ligand-based de novo design: a real-life lead optimization case study, Quentin Perron, IKTOS, USA
<br>
A Turing test for molecular generators, Jacob Bush, GlaxoSmithKline, UK
<br>
Presentation title to be confirmed, Keynote: Regina Barzilay, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
<br>
Artificial intelligence for predicting molecular Electrostatic Potentials (ESPs): a step towards developing ESP-guided knowledge-based scoring functions, Prakash Rathi, Astex Pharmaceuticals, UK
<br>
Molecular transformer for chemical reaction prediction and uncertainty estimation, Alpha Lee, University of Cambridge, UK
<br>
Drug discovery disrupted - quantum physics meets machine learning, Noor Shaker, GTN, UK
<br>
Presentation title to be confirmed, Christian Tyrchan, AstraZeneca, 
<br>
Presentation title to be confirmed, Anthony Nicholls, OpenEye Scientific Software, USA
<br>
Deep generative models for 3D compound design from fragment screens, Fergus Imrie, University of Oxford, UK
<br>
DeeplyTough: learning to structurally compare protein binding sites, Joshua Meyers, BenevolentAI, UK
<br>
Presentation title to be confirmed, Maciej Haranczyk, IMDEA, Spain
<br>
Deep learning for drug discovery, Keynote:&nbsp; David Koes, University of Pittsburgh, USA
<br>
Presentation title to be confirmed, Olexandr Isayev, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
<br>
Dreaming functional molecules with generative ML models, Christoph Kreisbeck, Kebotix, USA
<br>
Presentation title to be confirmed, Keynote:&nbsp; Adrian Roitberg, University of Florida, USA</p>

<p>Applications for poster presentations are welcomed, the closing date for submission is 5th July. A number of RSC-BMCS and RSC-CICAG student bursaries are available up to a value of &pound;250, to support registration, travel and accommodation costs for PhD and post-doctoral applicants studying at European academic institutions. The closing date for bursary applications is 15th July. </p>

<p>Full details are on the <a href="https://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/AI-2019.htm">conference website</a> </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br /><br /><br /><br /></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Atomwise AIMS awards</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>artificial intelligence</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2019-04-21T06:43:36+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/39618a4ebd970d64c96f92e4e4d48b85-370.html#unique-entry-id-370</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/39618a4ebd970d64c96f92e4e4d48b85-370.html#unique-entry-id-370</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="AIMS-Infographic_Spring2019@0,33x-2 (1)" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/aims-infographic_spring201900400002c33x-2-002810029.jpg" width="640" height="218" /></p>

<p>I suspect many will have noticed the recent announcement of the <a href="https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20190409005648/en/UConn-Researchers-Promising-Early-Results-Drug-Discovery?utm_source=BusinessWire&amp;utm_medium=Social&amp;utm_campaign=PR&amp;utm_content=Atomwise-LinkedIn">Early Results in Drug Discovery Partnership with AI Biotech Company</a>. These are the first results of the Atomwise AIMS awards: </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The researchers have been using Atomwise&rsquo;s AI-powered in silico screening technology to develop therapeutic treatments for, among others, certain types of strokes, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, and an infection that causes reproductive failure in pigs.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The AIMS award program is a great opportunity for university research scientists to easily access AI-assisted structure-based virtual screening technology:</p>

<ul>
<li>Customized small molecule virtual screen using AtomNet&trade; technology</li>
<li>72 small molecules predicted to bind to a specific target protein &ndash; QC verified by mass spectrophotometry, resuspended and diluted to a convenient concentration, aliquoted into microtiter plates, and delivered at no cost to the researcher</li>
<li>Support from Atomwise&rsquo;s medicinal chemists and structural biologists</li>
<li>Opportunity to receive up to $30K USD to subsidize assay work</li>
</ul>

<p>If you have a target protein with an X-ray crystal, Cryo-EM, or NMR structure, or with close sequence homology to a protein with available structures, and an assay in place to evaluate 72 potential hits, then you should consider applying.</p>

<p>Full details are on the <a href="https://www.atomwise.com/aims-awards/">AIMs awards page</a> and the closing date is 29 April 2019.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>OpenSource Antibiotics</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2019-04-17T07:21:42+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/319ae9a9b91d98ce518c6b49cd55b7ac-369.html#unique-entry-id-369</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/319ae9a9b91d98ce518c6b49cd55b7ac-369.html#unique-entry-id-369</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I just thought I&rsquo;d highlight a new project I&rsquo;m involved with.</p>

<p>Open Source Antibiotics (<span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics">https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics</a></u></span>) is intended to be a platform for a collaborative effort towards antibiotic discovery. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="373siteview" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/373siteview.png" width="419" height="476" /></p>

<p>The first projects have been initiated </p>

<p>Mur Ligase (<span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/murligase">https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/murligase</a></u></span>) and the background to these exciting targets can be found on the wiki page.</p>

<p><span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/murligase/wiki">https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/murligase/wiki</a></u></span></p>

<p>This also provides details of the first two fragment screens.</p>

<p>MurD <span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/murligase/wiki/MurD-fragment-screen">https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/murligase/wiki/MurD-fragment-screen</a></u></span></p>

<p>and</p>

<p>MurE <span style="color:#084FD1;"><u><a href="https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/murligase/wiki/MurE-fragment-screen">https://github.com/opensourceantibiotics/murligase/wiki/MurE-fragment-screen</a></u></span></p>

<p>What we want now is for people to join in and suggest the next round of fragments that should be screened. Ideally these should be commercially available but if people want to design, make and submit their own fragments we would be happy to screen them.</p>

<p>If you feel appropriate, we would appreciate any publicity on this exciting new project</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Early Career MedChem Workshop</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><category>Training</category><dc:date>2019-04-15T12:07:00+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3564bab7b52dc08d38483ec0019df007-368.html#unique-entry-id-368</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3564bab7b52dc08d38483ec0019df007-368.html#unique-entry-id-368</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One of the highlights of the SCI/RSC Cambridge MedChem Meetings the Early Career MedChem Workshop, a satellite workshop consisting of a team-based exercise around a virtual medicinal chemistry programme will be held on the Sunday afternoon prior to this event, aimed at early career (up to 5 years&rsquo; experience) medicinal chemists. Registration for this event will be at no additional cost to the main meeting, <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/MedChem%20Workshop%20Flyer.pdf">Read the flyer here</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="MedChem Workshop Flyer" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/medchem-workshop-flyer.png" width="620" height="437" /></p>

<p>Registration is on the <a href="https://www.soci.org/events/20th-scirsc-medicinal-chemistry-symposium">20th SCI / RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium website</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Lysosome Targeting Chimeras (LYTACs)</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>LYTAC</category><category>PROTAC</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2019-04-01T08:45:43+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9ed0476b031901c7b4f3ae7601967aae-367.html#unique-entry-id-367</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9ed0476b031901c7b4f3ae7601967aae-367.html#unique-entry-id-367</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A while back I added a page on <a href="../resources/lead_identification/protacs/protacs.html" title="Protacs">PROteolysis Targeting Chimera </a>(PROTAC) a technology using the ubiquitin proteasome system to induce degradation of the target protein <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01272">DOI</a>. However this technology is limited to cytosolic proteins.</p>

<p>A recent publication highlights a new technology "Lysosome Targeting Chimeras (LYTACs) for the Degradation of Secreted and Membrane Proteins" <a href="https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.7927061.v1">DOI</a> that further extends the protein degradation options.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Targeted protein degradation is a powerful strategy to address the canonically undruggable proteome. However, current technologies are limited to targets with cytosolically-accessible and ligandable domains. Here, we designed and synthesized conjugates capable of binding both a cell surface lysosome targeting receptor and the extracellular domain of a target protein&hellip;. LYTACs represent a modular strategy for directing secreted and membrane proteins for degradation in the context of both basic research and therapy.</p>
</blockquote>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The past, present and future of anti-malarial medicines</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><category>NTD</category><dc:date>2019-03-31T07:45:27+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/94114e0d28bbb0a28780f9311bba1fe1-366.html#unique-entry-id-366</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/94114e0d28bbb0a28780f9311bba1fe1-366.html#unique-entry-id-366</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A fantastic Open Access review of Malaria Drug Discovery <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2724-z">DOI</a>. Covers the history of Malaria medicines going back to quinine through to the latest MMV supported projects and our current understanding of some of the emerging novel molecular targets.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="December_2018_MMV_supported_projects" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/december_2018_mmv_supported_projects.png" width="590" height="436" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>20th Cambridge MedChem meeting Registration open</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2019-03-20T16:23:55+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5837ba946a00e7a4e170449228204d01-365.html#unique-entry-id-365</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5837ba946a00e7a4e170449228204d01-365.html#unique-entry-id-365</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I know the is eagerly anticipated because I have folder of email enquiries I can now respond to.</p>

<h2>Registration for the 20th Cambridge MedChem Meeting is now open !!</h2>

<p><a href="https://www.soci.org/events/20th-scirsc-medicinal-chemistry-symposium">https://www.soci.org/events/20th-scirsc-medicinal-chemistry-symposium</a>.</p>

<p>Really is a fabulous lineup of speakers. Also includes Malcolm Campbell Memorial Prize presentation</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>20th Cambridge MedChem meeting</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2019-02-23T08:42:49+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/31542d9152ebd27d3ff27298d5df34c9-364.html#unique-entry-id-364</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/31542d9152ebd27d3ff27298d5df34c9-364.html#unique-entry-id-364</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>On 8-11 September 2019 we will be holding the <a href="http://www.rsc.org/events/detail/35363/20th-sci-rsc-medicinal-chemistry-symposium">20th Cambridge Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</a>, this marks a significant milestone for this meeting and the committee would like to use the opportunity to highlight some of the first disclosures of now important medicines and other events from the 40 year history of this meeting. </p>

<p>We have all the programmes from the 13th to 19th meetings, and I've managed to get details of the first meeting shown in this <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/CMC1.pdf">PDF</a>. If you could share scanned copies of programme from the 2nd to 12th meetings it would be really great.</p>

<p>Also if you have particular memories of meetings you would be willing to share feel free to send an email.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="fragments-image-web" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fragments-image-web.gif" width="554" height="330" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Website Update</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>lead identification</category><category>PROTAC</category><category>Target validation</category><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>hERG</category><category>Website</category><dc:date>2019-02-18T07:53:26+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0b1e1cfcb896e9db8382af01afb2c620-363.html#unique-entry-id-363</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0b1e1cfcb896e9db8382af01afb2c620-363.html#unique-entry-id-363</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've spent some time over the last couple of weeks updating and adding new content to the <a href="../resources/" title="Drug Discovery Resources">Drug Discovery Resources</a> section of the website.</p>

<p>In particular, s drug targets become more challenging medicinal chemists are looking at alternatives to small molecule competitive inhibitors, the section on <a href="../resources/lead_identification/covalent.html" title="Covalent Inhibitors">covalent inhibitors</a> have been expanded and a <a href="../resources/lead_identification/protacs/protacs.html" title="Protacs">new page on PROTACs</a> has been added.  PROTACs are bifunctional molecules that bind to the target protein and an E3 ligase, the simultaneous PROTAC binding of two proteins brings the target protein in close enough proximity for polyubiquitination by the E2 enzyme associated to the E3 ligase, which flags the target protein for degradation through the proteasome. This offers a powerful alternative to competitive inhibition.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="ProtacCycle" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/protaccycle.png" width="720" height="405" /></p>

<p>The <a href="https://www.probes-drugs.org/home/">Probes &amp; Drugs portal</a> has been added to the <a href="../resources/chemicalprobes.html" title="Chemical Probes">chemical probes page</a>, this is a public resource joining together focused libraries of bioactive compounds (probes, drugs, specific inhibitor sets etc.) with commercially available screening libraries.</p>

<p>The page describing commercial <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collections.html" title="Fragment Collections">fragment screening libraries</a> has been updated to include a couple of new additions and flagging some that seem to be unavailable, if I've missed any feel free to let me know.</p>

<p>The<a href="../resources/herg_activity.html" title="HERG_activity"> section on hERG</a> has been updated with links to new references and details of hERGcentral.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>hERGCentral: A Large Database to Store, Retrieve, and Analyze Compound-Human Ether-&agrave;-go-go Related Gene Channel Interactions to Facilitate Cardiotoxicity Assessment in Drug Development. The hERGCentral database hergcentral.org is based on experimental data obtained from a primary screen by electrophysiology against more than 300,000 structurally diverse compounds screened at 1 and 10uM.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Unfortunately the database appears to be no longer available. Whilst the supplementary information for the original publication does not contain the structures of the tested compounds it does reference the PubChem substance ID. I used these identifiers to download the structures of the >300,000 records and combined them with the experimental data provided in the Excel tables in the supplementary information. The complete dataset can be <a href="../resources/herg_activity.html" title="HERG_activity">downloaded from the hERG page</a>.</p>

<p>Small molecules can potentially bind to a variety of bimolecular targets and whilst counter-screening against a wide variety of targets is feasible it can be rather expensive and probably only realistic for when a compound has been identified as of particular interest. For this reason there is considerable interest in building computational models to predict potential interactions the page on <a href="../resources/lead_identification/bioactivites.html" title="Predicting bioactivity">predicting bioactivities</a> has been expanded.</p>

<p>The section on <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" title="Bioisosteres">bioisosteres</a> also have a few new examples.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>hERG central data</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hERG</category><category>Toxicity</category><dc:date>2019-02-08T15:50:05+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/81f15972727e1fe70ae7f37514bdab58-362.html#unique-entry-id-362</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/81f15972727e1fe70ae7f37514bdab58-362.html#unique-entry-id-362</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A publication by Fang et al <a href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1089%2Fadt.2011.0425">DOI</a> describes hERGCentral: A Large Database to Store, Retrieve, and Analyze Compound-Human Ether-&agrave;-go-go Related Gene Channel Interactions to Facilitate Cardiotoxicity Assessment in Drug Development. The hERGCentral database <a href="http://www.hergcentral.org/">hergcentral.org</a> is based on experimental data obtained from a primary screen by electrophysiology against more than 300,000 structurally diverse compounds screened at 1 and 10uM. Unfortunately the database appears to be no longer available. Whilst the supplementary information for the original publication does not contain the structures of the tested compounds it does reference the PubChem substance ID. I used these identifiers to download the structures of the >300,000 records and combined them with the experimental data provided in the Excel tables in the supplementary information. The complete dataset can be downloaded here in either </p>

<p><a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/herg_activity_files/pone_data_plus_smiles.txt.zip">SMILES format</a></p>

<p>or in </p>

<p><a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/herg_activity_files/pone_data_plus_structures.sdf.zip">sdf file format</a></p>

<p>Bear in mind this is single point data and there will be a fair amount of scatter.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="hergcentraldata" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/hergcentraldata.png" width="795" height="753" /></p>

<p>I've added this information to the <a href="../resources/herg_activity.html" title="HERG_activity">page on hERG</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>RSC Medicinal Chemistry Residential School 2019</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Training</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2019-02-05T06:58:07+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/96bc820f2d1c4e9c2933caaa481396c3-361.html#unique-entry-id-361</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/96bc820f2d1c4e9c2933caaa481396c3-361.html#unique-entry-id-361</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Royal Society of Chemistry Medicinal Chemistry Residential School  takes place 2 - 7 June 2019, Loughborough, United Kingdom is a fantastic opportunity for anyone starting out or contemplating a career in Drug Discovery.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The school is designed for graduate and post-doctoral chemists with 1-5 years&rsquo; experience in the field of drug research. Drug discovery is an interdisciplinary subject so delegates from biological or computational backgrounds will benefit from attendance at the school. In addition, final year PhD students from pharmaceutical or organic chemistry contemplating a career in drug discovery are also encouraged to attend.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The course includes the following topics:</p>

<ul>
<li>Target Validation</li>
<li>Computational Chemistry</li>
<li>Biological Mechanisms</li>
<li>Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism</li>
<li>Screening of New Compounds</li>
<li>Patents</li>
<li>Molecular Biology in Medicinal Chemistry</li>
<li>Exploiting a Chemical Lead</li>
<li>Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity</li>
<li>Case Histories of Drug Discovery</li>
<li>Toxicology in Drug Discovery</li>
<li>Pharmaceutical Considerations in Drug Development</li>
<li>Structure-guided Drug Design</li>
<li>Physical Properties and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships</li>
<li>Hints and Tips in Medicinal Chemistry</li>
</ul>

<p>Full details here <a href="http://www.rsc.org/events/detail/33379/medicinal-chemistry-residential-school-2019">http://www.rsc.org/events/detail/33379/medicinal-chemistry-residential-school-2019</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Promises, promises, and precision medicine</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2019-01-30T10:48:26+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f682eb86386b2a9cf259be6235cfd103-360.html#unique-entry-id-360</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f682eb86386b2a9cf259be6235cfd103-360.html#unique-entry-id-360</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A very interesting commentary on the impact (or lack of) genomics has had on human healthcare. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI126119">J Clin Invest. 2019</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The promises of precision medicine are to dramatically change patient care via individually tailored therapies and, as a result, to prevent disease, improve survival, and extend healthspan.</p>

<p>However, nearly two decades after the first predictions of dramatic success, we find no impact of the human genome project on the population&rsquo;s life expectancy or any other public health measure, notwithstanding the vast resources that have been directed at genomics. Exaggerated expectations of how large an impact on disease would be found for genes have been paralleled by unrealistic timelines for success, yet the promotion of precision medicine continues unabated.</p>

<p>In light of the limitations of the precision medicine narrative, it is urgent that the biomedical research community reconsider its ongoing obsession with the human genome and reassess its research priorities including funding to more closely align with the health needs of our nation. We do not lack for pressing public health problems. We must counter the toll of obesity, inactivity, and diabetes; we need to address the mental health problems that lead to distress and violence; we cannot stand by while a terrible opiate epidemic ravages our country; we have to prepare conscientiously for the next influenza pandemic; we have a responsibility to prevent the ongoing contamination of our air, food, and water. Topics such as these have taken a back seat to the investment of the NIH and of many research universities in a human genome&ndash;driven research agenda that has done little to solve these problems, but has offered us promises and more promises.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The human genome project was undoubtedly a magnificent achievement, but has the investment in genomics delivered?</p>

<p>There is an extended discussion on In the Pipeline <a href="https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2019/01/31/precision-medicine-real-soon-now">https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2019/01/31/precision-medicine-real-soon-now</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Ten threats to global health in 2019</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>WHO</category><dc:date>2019-01-22T06:56:33+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c08fcd9ccba19c5f7d175cb2d368c61d-359.html#unique-entry-id-359</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c08fcd9ccba19c5f7d175cb2d368c61d-359.html#unique-entry-id-359</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A recent <a href="https://www.who.int/emergencies/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019">publication</a> by the World Health Organisation makes sobering reading.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The world is facing multiple health challenges. These range from outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases like measles and diphtheria, increasing reports of drug-resistant pathogens, growing rates of obesity and physical inactivity to the  health impacts of environmental pollution and climate change and multiple humanitarian crises.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Here are 10 of the many issues that will demand attention from WHO and health partners in 2019. </p>

<ul>
<li>Air pollution and climate change</li>
<li>Noncommunicable diseases (diabetes, cancer and heart disease)</li>
<li>Global influenza pandemic</li>
<li>Fragile and vulnerable settings  (combination of drought, famine, conflict, and population displacement)</li>
<li>Antimicrobial resistance</li>
<li>Ebola and other high-threat pathogens</li>
<li>Weak primary health care</li>
<li>Vaccine hesitancy (the reluctance or refusal to vaccinate despite the availability of vaccine)</li>
<li>Dengue</li>
<li>HIV</li>
</ul>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Medicines for Malaria Venture call for proposals</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><category>grant funding</category><dc:date>2019-01-19T07:15:38+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ab9b8d1802e570728c7b25a9787aa115-358.html#unique-entry-id-358</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ab9b8d1802e570728c7b25a9787aa115-358.html#unique-entry-id-358</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>MMV has announced a <a href="https://www.mmv.org/research-development/information-scientists/call-proposals/17th-call-proposals">call for drug discovery proposals</a>  </p>

<h2>1. Compounds addressing the key priorities of the malaria eradication agenda</h2>

<p>Novel families of molecules in the hit-to-lead or lead optimization stages are sought without G6PD deficiency liabilities that either:</p>

<p>Kill or reactivate hypnozoites for use as part of a P. vivax radical cure; or have activity against sexual stage V gametocytes and evidence of transmission blocking in SMFA.</p>

<h2>2. Compounds having activity against asexual liver and/or blood stages</h2>

<p>Novel chemical series with EC50&lt;500nM and which have one or more of the following key features:</p>

<p>A known, novel mechanism of action;
An inability to select resistant mutants in vitro;
Activity at more than one life-cycle stage;
A long half-life (ideally >4h in rodents) and confirmed in vivo efficacy.
For advanced series, we are seeking novel compounds with, ideally, a predicted human half-life >100h and a predicted oral single human dose &lt;500mg or an i.m. dose that can be administered in &lt;1mL and sufficient for up to 3 months&rsquo; protection in humans.</p>

<h2>3. Novel approaches for screening</h2>

<p>To help identify new phenotypic and/ or target based hits, as well as confirm activity of MMV compounds on all human malaria asexual blood stages, new screening proposals are sought amongst the three categories below:</p>

<p>Validated Plasmodium target-based assays, ideally with evidence of target essentiality beyond asexual blood stages.  Biological validation should be supported by a biological target based screening assay suited for identification of novel chemical series. 
Novel whole cell phenotypic screening paradigms to potentially identify new relevant chemistry.
Asexual blood stage assays for vivax and ovale malaria.</p>

<h2>Compounds for Target Identification</h2>

<p>MMV also welcomes requests for support to investigate the mechanism of action of compounds:</p>

<h2>Call for African proposals  </h2>

<p>Finally, MMV welcomes proposals from endemic region African scientists focused in the following priority areas:</p>

<ol>
<li><p>Compounds with confirmed activity on any antimalarial life-cycle stage.
Novel families of molecules with confirmed activity (EC50 &lt; 10uM) and a medicinal chemistry plan that tackles any known or anticipated liability.  Priority will be given to proposals that maximize use of local natural products.</p></li>
<li><p>Assay development and screening</p></li>
</ol>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Interesting meetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2019-01-09T18:13:12+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6333a2f1145b2f936380f9a1cccc3e93-357.html#unique-entry-id-357</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6333a2f1145b2f936380f9a1cccc3e93-357.html#unique-entry-id-357</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In many companies/institutions/universities new arrivals are presented with a variety of desktop tools with little or no advice on how to use them other than "pick it up as you along". This workshop is intended to provide expert tutorials to get you started and show what can be achieved with the software.</p>

<p>The tutorials will be given a series of outstanding experts Christian Lemmen (BioSolveIT), Akos Tarcsay (ChemAxon), Giovanna Tedesco (Cresset), Dan Ormsby (Dotmatics) Greg Landrum (Knime ) and Matt Segall (Optibrium), you will be able to install the software packages on you own laptops together with a license to allow you to use it for a limited period after the event.</p>

<p>Registration opened just before Christmas and apparently there were a number of people sign up over the festive period. Remember there are a limited number of places and it is first come first served.</p>

<p>Registration and <a href="https://www.soci.org/Events/Display-Event?EventCode=FCHEM554">full details are here</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Computational Tools Flyer" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/computational-tools-flyer.png" width="620" height="437" /></p>

<p>Also a free one-day symposium Streamlining Drug Discovery" in Frankfurt<br>
The very successful symposia series "Streamlining Drug Discovery" comes to Frankfurt on 14 February 2019. Jointly BioSolveIT, Optibrium, Lhasa and Elsevier invite you for this free one-day event highlighting new approaches and technologies being applied to the search for future therapeutics. For further details please visit the symposium website <a href="https://www.biosolveit.de/symposium/2019-02-14/">https://www.biosolveit.de/symposium/2019-02-14/</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>How Structural Biologists and the Protein Data Bank Contributed to Recent FDA New Drug Approvals</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>PDB</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2019-01-06T12:00:11+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4015a5ba20615229fc2db988338ffff0-356.html#unique-entry-id-356</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4015a5ba20615229fc2db988338ffff0-356.html#unique-entry-id-356</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>An interesting review <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2018.11.007">DOI</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Discovery and development of 210 new molecular entities (NMEs; new drugs) approved by the US Food and Drug Administration 2010&ndash;2016 was facilitated by 3D structural information generated by structural biologists worldwide and distributed on an open-access basis by the PDB. The molecular targets for 94% of these NMEs are known. The PDB archive contains 5,914 structures containing one of the known targets and/or a new drug, providing structural coverage for 88% of the recently approved NMEs across all therapeutic areas. More than half of the 5,914 structures were published and made available by the PDB at no charge, with no restrictions on usage >10 years before drug approval. Citation analyses revealed that these 5,914 PDB structures significantly affected the very large body of publicly funded research reported in publications on the NME targets that motivated biopharmaceutical company investment in discovery and development programs that produced the NMEs.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Annual Website Review</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2019-01-02T19:55:04+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/49878111cc40994f32594360eb72f081-355.html#unique-entry-id-355</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/49878111cc40994f32594360eb72f081-355.html#unique-entry-id-355</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As 2019 starts I'd like to wish you all a Happy New Year and hope for great success in your drug discovery endeavours.</p>

<p>The <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources</a> website continues to increase in popularity with over 147,000 page views, an increase of 8% over the figure for 2017. The pages were visited by over 72,500 viewers and around a third of the visitors come back on multiple occasions suggesting they find it useful. The visitors come from 172 different countries with the US (32%), UK (13%) and India (8%) topping the list.</p>

<p>The most viewed pages in 2018 were</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/logD.html">Lipophilicity</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/distribution.html">Distribution and Plasma Protein Binding</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/">Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/">Calculating Physicochemical Properties</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">Molecular Interactions</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/focus/kinaseinhib.html">Kinase Inhibitors</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/aspartic_protease_inhibitors.html">Aspartic Acid Protease Inhibitors</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/solvation.html">Solvation and desolvation</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/overview/hit_iden.html">Hit Identification</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/CYP_interactions.htmll">CYP Interactions</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/acid_bioisosteres.html">Acid Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment based screening</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/herg_activity.html">HERG</a></li>

</ul>

<p>There have been a number of significant updates to the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources</a> this year, in particular, a new section on <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/macrocycles/macrocycles.html">Macrocycles</a> which has proved very popular. The <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/targetvalidation.html">Target Validation</a> section has been updated several times, as has the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">Molecular Interactions page</a> and I'm grateful for readers who have pointed out relevant recent publications.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="cypbindingsite.png" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cypbindingsite.png.jpeg" width="825" height="570" /></p>

<p>Interestingly the <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/books.html">Books</a> and <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/grant_funds.html">Grant funding research</a> have seasonal peaks in viewing.</p>

<p>Looking at the operating systems 56% are Windows users, 20% Mac users, 10% iOS and 10% Android, Chrome dominates the browser stats (64%) with Safari second (17%) and Firefox third (10%).</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Targets Platform Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2018-12-28T10:28:39+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b9a5ea3202ff97a2b1784fb47ac31675-354.html#unique-entry-id-354</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b9a5ea3202ff97a2b1784fb47ac31675-354.html#unique-entry-id-354</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The latest update to the <a href="https://blog.opentargets.org/2018/12/17/new-open-targets-platform-release/">Open Targets Platform</a> has been released (18.12).</p>

<p>Centre for Therapeutic Target Validation is a pre competitive public-private venture that aims to provide evidence on the biological validity of therapeutic targets and provide an initial assessment of the likely effectiveness of pharmacological intervention on these targets, using genome-scale experiments and analysis.  The platform currently contains 28,931 targets, 3,049,882 associations for 10,053 diseases.</p>

<p>There is an open access portal to the platform here <a href="https://www.targetvalidation.org">https://www.targetvalidation.org</a>. All data is also available for download <a href="https://www.targetvalidation.org/downloads/data">https://www.targetvalidation.org/downloads/data</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seasons Greetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2018-12-14T07:48:41+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/293729c53cd91ca9d6c431f0c1e38dae-353.html#unique-entry-id-353</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/293729c53cd91ca9d6c431f0c1e38dae-353.html#unique-entry-id-353</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="SeasonsGreetings" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/seasonsgreetings.jpg" width="932" height="718" /></p>

<p>As in previous years all monies saved for not sending greetings cards will be given to the <a href="https://www.mssociety.org.uk">Multiple Sclerosis Society</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Another Chemical Probe</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target validation</category><category>Chemical probes</category><dc:date>2018-12-13T08:42:41+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/049e34664800fc8dbbf9af1ff01c8421-352.html#unique-entry-id-352</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/049e34664800fc8dbbf9af1ff01c8421-352.html#unique-entry-id-352</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Boehringer Ingelheim have made a new addition to <a href="https://opnme.com/home">opnMe</a> their portal for free <a href="../resources/chemicalprobes.html" title="Chemical Probes">chemical probes</a>. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>To foster innovation, we openly share selected molecules with the scientific community to unlock their full potential - all for free, no hidden costs.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The latest addition is a potent Chymase inhibitor,  Chymase is a chymotrypsin-like serine protease that is stored in a latent form in the secretory granules of mast cells. Upon stimulation, it is released in its active form into the local tissue, contributing to the activation of TGF-&szlig;, matrix metalloproteases and cytokines. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>BI-1942 is a highly potent inhibitor of human chymase (IC50 = 0.4 nM) that can be used to test biological hypotheses involving this target in vitro. With BI-1829 we also offer a structurally close analog that is more than 1000 fold less active (IC50 = 850 nM) and can thus be used as negative control for in vitro studies.</p>
</blockquote>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="BI-1942" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bi-1942.png" width="259" height="280" /> </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ChemBridge Macrocycle Library</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Macrocycles</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2018-12-11T08:01:16+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3a757e45696132d4cd56cd722cbdad3d-351.html#unique-entry-id-351</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3a757e45696132d4cd56cd722cbdad3d-351.html#unique-entry-id-351</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Macrocycles offer a unique opportunity to address some of the more challenging drug targets and I've highlighted this on a couple of pages on the Drug Discovery Resources, <a href="../resources/hit_identification/macrocycles/macrocycles.html" title="Macrocycles">here</a> and <a href="../resources/hit_identification/macrocycles/macrocyclesPDB.html" title="MacrocyclesInPDB">here</a>.</p>

<p>Macrocycles lie outside the usual "drug space" delineated by the Rule-of-5 and macrocycles can adopt different conformation in various media, hiding polar atoms or forming intramolecular hydrogen bonds, thus retaining good cell permeability and ADME properties</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="bRo5macrocycles" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bro5macrocycles.png" width="636" height="305" /></p>

<p>I recently got an email from ChemBridge highlighting a new 11,000 member <a href="https://chembridge.com/screening_libraries/targeted_libraries/macrocycle-screening-library/index.php?">Macrocyclic Library for screening</a>. The general characteristics of compounds in the ChemBridge Macrocycle Library include:</p>

<ul>
<li>Molecular weight range up to 800</li>
<li>Primary ring size ranging from 11 to 27 atoms</li>
<li>Heterocyclic primary rings</li>
<li>Scaffolds with and without peptidic backbone elements as part of the macrocyclic ring</li>
<li>Scaffolds with and without fused rings as part of the primary macrocyclic ring</li>
</ul>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>More concerns about target validation</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2018-12-04T07:06:40+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/48f269a4c6e3ca0d5f28538894af653e-350.html#unique-entry-id-350</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/48f269a4c6e3ca0d5f28538894af653e-350.html#unique-entry-id-350</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As a consultant I perhaps see more instances than most of the problems of reproducing literature studies,  and I've highlighted several articles that have raised concerns. In particular,  the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4854ddca6eb37c01d9f12085aac1363d-275.html">concerns about antibody selectivity</a>,  the problems with <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fdbb3cbf88dfbb0422cd02587129e943-252.html">irreproducible studies</a> and the need for <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f9e05f134cfce16a3e57ff6f993bda8b-303.html">well characterised chemical probes</a>. The excellent work by Elisabeth Bik looking at concerns with some of the images in the published literature, "The prevalence of inappropriate image duplication in biomedical research publications" mBio 7(3):e00809-16. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00809-16">DOI</a>. <a href="https://twitter.com/MicrobiomDigest">her Twitter feed</a> contains yet more examples from the current literature, </p>

<p>This latest correspondence in Nature highlights some of the issues, "Industry is more alarmed about reproducibility than academia" <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-018-07549-w">DOI</a>.</p>

<p>This paragraph I find particularly troubling.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>By contrast, academic scientists may be reluctant to devote extra time and effort to confirming research results in case they fail. That would put paid to publication in high-impact journals, damage career opportunities and curtail further funding. Evidence of questionable practices such as selective publishing and cherry-picking of data indicates that rigour is not always a high priority.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Books</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Books</category><dc:date>2018-11-24T13:44:18+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/42017eaca5f14513eb02d00b1f17367e-349.html#unique-entry-id-349</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/42017eaca5f14513eb02d00b1f17367e-349.html#unique-entry-id-349</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp;<div class="dotmatics_ad"></div>
The post highlighting the RSC MedChem School reminded me that I occasionally get asked to suggest books on Drug Discovery. I've compiled a <a href="../resources/books.html" title="Books">list of books</a> here, if anyone has suggestions for additions please let me know.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>2019 Medicinal Chemistry Residential School</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2018-11-22T13:12:59+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1d23d951b276fafd291584f0f7b19029-348.html#unique-entry-id-348</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1d23d951b276fafd291584f0f7b19029-348.html#unique-entry-id-348</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Registration for the RSC 2019 Medicinal Chemistry Residential School is now open, it takes place in Loughborough, UK 2-7 June 2019.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Through an in-depth programme of lectures, case studies and hands-on tutorial sessions, this five-day course strengthens excellence in medicinal chemistry by advancing understanding of the factors governing modern drug discovery. Full details are <a href="http://www.rsc.org/events/detail/33379/medicinal-chemistry-residential-school-2019">here</a>.</p>
</blockquote>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Amodiaquine" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/amodiaquine.png" width="768" height="572" /></p>

<p>Make sure that you <a href="http://click.rsc.org/rsps/m/VPz5acdkBb6Ez9YgplgPTlZRfcmwpyEHnRvzIhdHg1I">register for this course as soon as possible to take full advantage of early bird savings</a>. Registration includes attendance at all sessions, refreshments and lunch on each full day &ndash; plus a conference dinner with wine on Thursday 6 June. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Neglected and Tropical Diseases</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Neglected and Tropical Diseases</category><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2018-11-13T16:30:59+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/86969ef247c770db222b26ecb6768bda-347.html#unique-entry-id-347</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/86969ef247c770db222b26ecb6768bda-347.html#unique-entry-id-347</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've tried to support research in the Neglected Tropical Disease area in several ways, I organised a session at the 19th Cambridge MedChem Meeting in 2017 and arranged for the session to be recorded and is now available online and has been watched nearly 300 times.</p>

<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/XLOCFrjrMEY" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>

<blockquote>
  <p>This is a recording of the Neglected and Tropical Diseases Session at the 19th Cambridge MedChem Meeting, 11-13 September 2017. The speakers are Kelly Chibale (Univ of Capetown), Christoph Boss (Actelion), Rob Young (GlaxoSmithKline), Jonathan Large (LifeArc) and Charles Mowbray (DNDI).</p>
</blockquote>

<p>So I was delighted to hear that <a href="http://www.guidetopharmacology.org">IUPHAR/BPS Guide to pharmacology database</a> have been funded by MMV to add details of antimalarials to their database.</p>

<p>This link <a href="http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyDisplayForward?familyId=970">http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyDisplayForward?familyId=970</a> gives details of antimalarial targets, including gene name, synonyms and Uniprot ID.</p>

<p>This link <a href="http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyDisplayForward?familyId=999">http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyDisplayForward?familyId=999</a> gives details of antimalarial ligands, including mode of action and properties. For example <a href="http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=9954">artemisinin</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="artemisinin" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/artemisinin.png" width="750" height="1012" /></p>

<p>I'd urge you have a look and I'm sure they would be happy to hear any suggestions.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><category>ADME</category><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>Bioisosteres</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2018-11-12T07:32:00+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/91260d1d0ba2fec85382f3843e614b04-346.html#unique-entry-id-346</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/91260d1d0ba2fec85382f3843e614b04-346.html#unique-entry-id-346</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've spent a little time updating the <a href="../resources/" title="Drug Discovery Resources">Drug Discovery Resources Section</a> of the website. In particular:</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="../resources/ADME/CYP_interactions.html" title="CYP_interactions">CYP interactions</a> now includes details of published crystal structures and more information on known inhibitors</li>
<li>I've added page on <a href="../resources/ADME/styled-2/cyp2c19inhibition.html" title="CYP1A2 Inhibition">CYP1A2 from ChEMBL</a> data and updated the <a href="../resources/ADME/cyp2d6inhibition.html" title="CYP2D6 Inhibition">CYP2D6</a> and <a href="../resources/ADME/cyp3a4inhibition.html" title="CYP3A4 Inhibition">CYP3A4 pages</a></li>
<li>Updated the page on <a href="../resources/ADME/aldehyde_oxidase.html" title="Aldehyde Oxidase">Aldehyde Oxidase</a></li>
<li>Added new examples on the<a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" title="Bioisosteres"> bioisosteres page</a></li>
<li>Updated the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html" title="Published Fragment Hits">Published Fragments section</a>, including adding the overlay of all examples of Kinase fragment hits from the PDB.</li>
<li>Added new examples to the <a href="../resources/chemicalprobes.html" title="Chemical Probes">Chemical Probes page</a></li>
<li>Included more examples of halogen bonding to the <a href="../resources/molecular_interactions.html" title="Molecular Interactions">Molecular Interactions page</a></li>
</ul>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="halogenbindingcomparison" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/halogenbindingcomparison.png" width="637" height="444" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>20th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2018-10-26T20:50:33+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4f93446f6d003b87f6b9adb8e511c9dd-345.html#unique-entry-id-345</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4f93446f6d003b87f6b9adb8e511c9dd-345.html#unique-entry-id-345</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>20th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium on 8 - 11 September 2019 at Churchill College, Cambridge.</p>

<p><strong>Abstract deadline: Friday 9th November 2018</strong></p>

<p>The organising committee wishes to solicit late-breaking, high impact medicinal chemistry talks to finalise the scientific programme. Potential contributions should be communicated to the secretariat at conferences@soci.org by Friday 9th November 2018. A number of conference places will be reserved for poster presenters and contributions are invited from the whole field of medicinal chemistry.
Those presenting a poster may also elect to advertise their poster via oral presentation of a single slide 'flash' poster. Detailed procedures and submission deadlines for poster abstracts will be provided in the second announcement.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.soci.org/Events/Display-Event?EventCode=FCHEM180">More details</a></p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="fragments-image-web" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fragments-image-web.gif" width="554" height="330" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Cyclophilin D as a drug target</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target validation</category><category>Macrocycles</category><dc:date>2018-10-10T12:11:14+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dd28e8716fb30b13edf58cc128548d76-344.html#unique-entry-id-344</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dd28e8716fb30b13edf58cc128548d76-344.html#unique-entry-id-344</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Cyclophilin D (CYP D), is a member of a family of highly homologous peptidylprolyl cis-trans isomerases (PPIases) that interconvert the cis and trans isomers of peptide bonds with the amino acid proline. Proteins with prolyl isomerase activity include cyclophilins, FKBPs, and parvulin.  Inhibitors of Cyclophilin D have been postulated as potential drugs for a variety of therapeutic targets including anti-viral activity <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2013.11.022">DOI</a>, neurodegenration <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0702228104">DOI</a>, Cancer <a href="http://www.jbc.org/content/281/20/14314.short">DOI</a> etc.</p>

<p>Until recently work in this area suffered from the lack of high quality, selective inhibitors, the best studied being the immunosuppressants Cyclosporin and Sanglifehrin A.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="CsA_SanglifehrinA" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/csa_sanglifehrina.png" width="854" height="644" /></p>

<p>At the recent <a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Macrocycles-2018.htm">Macrocycles 2018 meeting</a> Vicky Steadman described the identification and optimisation of potent and orally available selective Cyclophilin inhibitors, more details have just been published J Med Chem paper <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00802">DOI</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Cyclod" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cyclod.png" width="338" height="276" /></p>

<p>Let's hope with potent, cell penetrant and orally available tools in hand we can sort out the biology and bring forward a new class of therapeutic agents.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ReFRAME library as a comprehensive drug repurposing library</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Databases</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2018-10-05T15:14:39+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/59666c1419594e6b457ce7f6a6df9413-343.html#unique-entry-id-343</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/59666c1419594e6b457ce7f6a6df9413-343.html#unique-entry-id-343</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This looks a very interesting resource described in a recent publication. The ReFRAME library as a comprehensive drug repurposing library and its application to the treatment of cryptosporidiosis <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810137115">DOI</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The ReFRAME collection of 12,000 compounds is a best-in-class drug repurposing library containing nearly all small molecules that have reached clinical development or undergone significant preclinical profiling. The purpose of such a screening collection is to enable rapid testing of compounds with demonstrated safety profiles in new indications, such as neglected or rare diseases, where there is less commercial motivation for expensive research and development.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>To date, 12,000 compounds (80% of compounds identified from data mining) have been purchased or synthesized and subsequently plated for screening.  In addition, an open-access data portal (<a href="https://reframedb.org" rel="external">https://reframedb.org</a>) has been developed to share ReFRAME screen hits to encourage additional follow-up and maximize the impact of the ReFRAME screening collection.</p>

<p>The website can be searched by structure or text string.</p>

<p>For Example searching for Malaria highlights a number of known therapeutic agents.</p>

<p><a href="https://reframedb.org/#/search?query=malaria&amp;type=string" rel="external">https://reframedb.org/#/search?query=malaria&amp;type=string</a></p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="malaria" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/malaria.png" width="1011" height="789" /></p>

<p>This looks like it will be an invaluable resource.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Targets Genetics </title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2018-09-28T07:53:42+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ece01df5a3c1cf5b1a60775299497953-342.html#unique-entry-id-342</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ece01df5a3c1cf5b1a60775299497953-342.html#unique-entry-id-342</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As mentioned on the  <a href="../resources/targetvalidation.html" title="Target Validation">Target Validation page</a>, <a href="https://www.opentargets.org">Open Targets</a> is a public-private partnership that uses human genetics and genomics data for systematic drug target identification and prioritisation. The current focus is on oncology, immunology and neurodegeneration. An extension to this will be launched on 18 October 2018.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p><a href="https://genetics.opentargets.org">Open Targets Genetics</a> is a new portal developed by Open Targets, an innovative partnership that brings together expertise from six complementary institutions to systematically identify and prioritise targets from which safe and effective medicines can be developed. The Portal offers three unique features to help you discover new associations between genes, variants, and traits, Gene2Variant analysis pipeline, Fine mapping/ credible set analysis, UK Biobank + GWAS Catalog integration.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>More details <a href="https://genetics.opentargets.org/docs/open-targets-genetics-infographic.pdf">https://genetics.opentargets.org/docs/open-targets-genetics-infographic.pdf</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Properties of clinical candidates</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>lead optimisation</category><dc:date>2018-09-17T08:21:02+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f671928750560f90051dfc60e518cc18-341.html#unique-entry-id-341</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f671928750560f90051dfc60e518cc18-341.html#unique-entry-id-341</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In an excellent publication "Where do recent small molecule clinical development candidates come from?" <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00675">DOI</a>, the authors give a detailed description on the development of clinical candidates from the initial hit. They also define the changes in physicochemical properties.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>An analysis of physicochemical properties on the hit-to-clinical pairs shows an average increase in molecular weight (&Delta;MW = +85) but no change in lipophilicity (&Delta;clogP = &minus;0.2), although exceptions are noted. The majority (>50%) of clinical candidates were found to be structurally very different from their starting point and were more complex.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I thought it might be interesting to look at the <a href="https://www.macinchem.org/reviews/ipython/calcproperties2.php">calculated properties</a> of the 66 clinical candidates. Interestingly many have molecular weights > 500 and only around 30% contain an ionisable group. All structures contain an aromatic ring and 48 molecules contain 3 or more aromatic rings.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="testpng" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/testpng.png" width="750" height="500" /></p>

<p>In case anyone was wondering the high molecular weight compounds are not peptides or macrocycles.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Molecular Interactions page updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Molecular interactions</category><category>lead optimisation</category><category>Website</category><dc:date>2018-09-12T10:32:59+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c4231d8259042a953378be7dabe163d9-340.html#unique-entry-id-340</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c4231d8259042a953378be7dabe163d9-340.html#unique-entry-id-340</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="../resources/molecular_interactions.html" title="Molecular Interactions">Molecular Interactions page</a> has been updated to include a section on anion-aryl interactions.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="anion_aryl" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/anion_aryl.png" width="670" height="705" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Targets Platform Update</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2018-09-04T07:12:53+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d82d0434f3239973bd71b1e4726cf36d-339.html#unique-entry-id-339</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d82d0434f3239973bd71b1e4726cf36d-339.html#unique-entry-id-339</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Just announced. <a href="https://www.targetvalidation.org">Open Targets Platform release - 18.08</a>.</p>

<p>In this release there is now data on:</p>

<ul>
<li>21,149 targets</li>
<li>10,101 diseases</li>
<li>6.5 million pieces of evidence</li>
<li>2.9 million associations between targets and diseases</li>
</ul>

<blockquote>
  <p>The Open Targets Platform is a comprehensive and robust data integration for access to and visualisation of potential drug targets associated with disease. It brings together multiple data types and aims to assist users to identify and prioritise targets for further investigation. A drug target can be a protein, protein complex or RNA molecule and it&rsquo;s displayed by its gene name from the Human Gene Nomenclature Committee, HGNC. We integrate all the evidence to the target using Ensembl stable IDs and describe relationships between diseases by mapping them to Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO) terms. The Platform supports workflows starting from a target or disease, and shows the available evidence for target &ndash; disease associations. Target and Disease profile pages showing specific information for both target (e.g baseline expression) and disease (e.g. Disease Classification) are also available</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Website Update</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2018-09-02T13:48:45+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8be5e1ba7c4eabbe01bc3609e0385614-338.html#unique-entry-id-338</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8be5e1ba7c4eabbe01bc3609e0385614-338.html#unique-entry-id-338</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A couple of people have asked me how to access the category tags that are attached to news items, the short answer is not easily so I've created a new tab at the top of the page that gives you direct access.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/categories.html"><img class="imageStyle" alt="newscategories" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/newscategories.png" width="671" height="119" /></a></p>

<p>Click on the link and you will get an alphabetical listing of all categories with appropriate links.</p>

<p>It may take a day or so for the new menu bar to appear on all pages.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Real-Time Oncology Review Pilot Program</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Clinical trial</category><dc:date>2018-08-23T07:35:24+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2d7cdfa874e784afb7a8ef3cf50eaa4a-337.html#unique-entry-id-337</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2d7cdfa874e784afb7a8ef3cf50eaa4a-337.html#unique-entry-id-337</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Clinical trials can be extremely lengthly and there have been many discussions about how to get medicines to patients more efficiently than the seemingly bureaucratic process that is currently in place.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/OfficeofMedicalProductsandTobacco/OCE/ucm612927.htm">Real-Time Oncology Review Pilot Program</a> is a project to try and reduce the time needed to gain approval.</p>

<p>There are important caveats though.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Submissions to be considered for the RTOR pilot should meet the following criteria:<br>
Drugs likely to demonstrate substantial improvements over available therapy, which may include drugs previously granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation for the same or other indications.
Drugs meeting other criteria for other expedited programs (e.g. fast track, priority review) may also be considered.
Straight forward study designs, as determined by the review division and the OCE.
Studies conducted exclusively outside the United States and adjuvant, neoadjuvant, and prevention studies will be excluded.
Endpoints that can be easily interpreted (for example, overall survival in a randomized trial).
Supplements with CMC formulation changes and supplements with pharmacology/toxicology data will be excluded.
Submissions with greater complexity, including those with companion diagnostics, may also be excluded for the purposes of the pilot program.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The real time review means the FDA can continuously review data as it is produced and give early feedback.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>RTOR allows the FDA to review much of the data earlier, before the applicant formally submits the complete application. First, the applicant will present topline data for the FDA to determine whether RTOR would be appropriate for the supplement. If the agency determines RTOR is an appropriate review pathway, the applicant can start sending pre-submission data to the agency, under the original NDA/BLA, 2-4 weeks after all patient data has been entered and locked by the applicant in their database</p>
</blockquote>

<p>This sort of process may be ideal for some indications where the trials give clear end points, survival in oncology, clearance of parasite in Malaria or other infectious diseases. Clinical trials for Psychiatric disease, marginal improvements over existing therapy or slowly progressing neurological diseases will probably not be suitable. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Molecules Platform</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Chemical probes</category><category>Target validation</category><category>Target identification</category><dc:date>2018-08-19T10:48:46+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/152b06bace1ab104c4351a6d67239fdd-336.html#unique-entry-id-336</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/152b06bace1ab104c4351a6d67239fdd-336.html#unique-entry-id-336</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Boehringer Ingelheim has added it's well-characterised non-covalent ATP-competitive inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK-3) Bi-5521 to its open molecule platform <a href="https://opnme.com/news/gsk-3-inhibitor-bi-5521-has-won-first-opnme-poll-access-it-now-free">opnMe.com</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>opnMe.com, the new open innovation portal of Boehringer Ingelheim, aims to accelerate research initiatives and enable new disease biology in areas of high unmet medical need by sharing well-characterized, best-in-class, pre-clinical tool compounds.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>BI-5521 is a potent and selective ATP-competitive small molecule inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), GSK-3&beta; (IC50) 1.1 nM, with demonstrated in vivo activity. Rat pharmacokinetics are available, together with an inactive related compound.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="bI5521" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bi5521.png" width="300" height="344" /></p>

<p>Another useful tool for <a href="../resources/targetvalidation.html" title="Target Validation">Target Validation</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>3rd RSC BMCS Medicinal Chemistry Symposium on Macrocycles</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>Macrocycles</category><dc:date>2018-08-11T08:05:43+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a77230799504431959923396b90b3e01-335.html#unique-entry-id-335</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a77230799504431959923396b90b3e01-335.html#unique-entry-id-335</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The full agenda for the Macrocycles 2018 meeting 8th-9th October 2018 is now available and it looks to be a great meeting.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Downloads/Macro%20-%20third%20announcement.pdf" rel="external"><img class="imageStyle" alt="MacroLineuppdf" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/macrolineuppdf.png" width="814" height="564" /></a></p>

<p>Full details of the meeting and registration is available online here <a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/macrocycles_2018-online%20registration.htm">http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/macrocycles_2018-online%20registration.htm</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The Polypharmacology Browser PPB2</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><category>Chembl</category><dc:date>2018-08-06T08:41:35+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/41f09c15edabdd739f33b77b2161add1-334.html#unique-entry-id-334</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/41f09c15edabdd739f33b77b2161add1-334.html#unique-entry-id-334</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Off-target activity is often ignored and might only be uncovered relatively late in the drug discovery program. Whilst broad spectrum screening is available it can be rather expensive. Predicting potential off-target activities is an attractive approach and this paper describes the development of a prediction tool using nearest neighbours combined with machine learning.</p>

<p>The Polypharmacology Browser PPB2: Target Prediction Combining Nearest Neighbors with Machine Learning <a href="https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv.6895646.v1">DOI</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>To build PPB2 we collected a bioactivity dataset of all compounds having at least IC50 &lt; 10 uM on a single protein target in ChEMBL22 considering only high confidence data points as annotated in ChEMBL and only targets for which at least 10 compounds were documented</p>
</blockquote>

<p>You can try it out here <a href="http://ppb2.gdb.tools">PPB2</a>., depending on the model chosen the results are calculated in a couple of minutes, but don't post your proprietary molecules. Typical results are shown below, clicking on the green "Show NN" button shows the most similar structures.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="PPB2results" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ppb2results.png" width="918" height="675" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>20th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2018-08-03T14:21:12+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f9a8a1611d9492895bf2b83e7180a1f5-333.html#unique-entry-id-333</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f9a8a1611d9492895bf2b83e7180a1f5-333.html#unique-entry-id-333</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The first circular for the 20th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium (aka the Cambridge MedChem Meeting) has been announced. This is also a call for abstracts for both oral and poster submissions. Potential contributions should be communicated to the secretariat at <a href="mailto:conferences@soci.org">conferences@soci.org</a> by Friday 9th November 2018.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="MedChem2019v1 copy" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/medchem2019v1-copy.png" width="620" height="437" /></p>

<p>You can download the full details of the meeting here <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/MedChem2019v1.pdf">PDF</a>.</p>

<p>A number of outstanding talks have already been confirmed.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="MedChem2019v2" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/medchem2019v2.png" width="620" height="437" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Innovate UK Opportunity to apply for a share of up to £20 million</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>grant funding</category><dc:date>2018-07-21T10:53:37+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8a79644f4d1d7fb47c5548b2c8b21c37-332.html#unique-entry-id-332</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8a79644f4d1d7fb47c5548b2c8b21c37-332.html#unique-entry-id-332</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Opportunity to apply for a share of up to &pound;20 million to deliver game changing or disruptive innovations with significant potential for impact on the UK economy in partnership with Medicines Discovery Catapult.</p>

<p><a href="https://md.catapult.org.uk/opportunities/apply-for-a-share-of-up-to-20-million-for-collaborative-rd-projects/">More details here</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Secure the funding you need to progress your projects towards commercialisation.
Use our dedicated grant application team to ensure your submissions stand the best chance of success.
Our experienced commercial and scientific teams have connections across industry, academia, finance, government, and research networks &ndash; we can help take your projects further towards commercial viability.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I've also compiled a page on <a href="../resources/grant_funds.html" title="Grant Funds">Grant funded Research</a></p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Wellcome Trust £250m Leap Fund</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>grant funding</category><dc:date>2018-07-10T10:27:41+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/11874746fccba17ab1a696bed2437249-331.html#unique-entry-id-331</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/11874746fccba17ab1a696bed2437249-331.html#unique-entry-id-331</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Today Wellcome announced a new &pound;250m not-for-profit fund: the <a href="https://wellcome.ac.uk/news/directors-update-taking-risks-bold-ideas?">Wellcome Leap Fund</a> . The Leap Fund will accelerate discovery and innovation, with the aim of delivering breakthroughs over a five- to ten-year horizon.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>"We want to take advantage of the surprising, left-field ideas that pose the question 'what if?' and support them in a new way that complements our existing funding structures."</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Sounds like the aim is to support more high-risk research.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>We don&rsquo;t expect all projects to succeed, but we think the possibilities are incredibly exciting. And in taking some risks and backing at scale, we think we can deliver transformational developments that will improve people&rsquo;s lives around the world</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Wellcome have also recently announced the <a href="https://wellcome.ac.uk/news/new-fund-support-groundbreaking-open-research">Open Research fund</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Our new Open Research Fund supports innovative approaches that enable data, code or other research outputs to be discovered, accessed and reused</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I've also compiled a page on <a href="../resources/grant_funds.html" title="Grant Funds">Grant funded Research</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>How reliable is the literature?</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Target validation</category><category>Target identification</category><dc:date>2018-07-02T12:57:09+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/991326b293899ab75146032a99527d9d-330.html#unique-entry-id-330</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/991326b293899ab75146032a99527d9d-330.html#unique-entry-id-330</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In the past I've mentioned some of the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4854ddca6eb37c01d9f12085aac1363d-275.html">concerns about antibody selectivity</a>,  the problems with <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fdbb3cbf88dfbb0422cd02587129e943-252.html">irreproducible studies</a> and the need for <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f9e05f134cfce16a3e57ff6f993bda8b-303.html">well characterised chemical probes</a>. Elisabeth Bik has been looking at concerns with some of the images in the published literature,  The prevalence of inappropriate image duplication in biomedical research publications. mBio 7(3):e00809-16. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00809-16">DOI</a>. <a href="https://twitter.com/MicrobiomDigest">her Twitter feed</a> contains yet more examples from the current literature, well worth a browse.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>So completing this set, I looked at 101 papers, all published in the same month in the same journal. Of these, 63 contained photographic images (the others had only line graphs and/or tables). Of those, 8 have potential duplications. That is 12.7%</p>
</blockquote>

<p>With all the advances in AI and image recognition I'm slightly disappointed that there is not a programme that can do this automatically for Elisabeth.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Macrocycles in the Protein Data Bank</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Macrocycles</category><category>PDB</category><dc:date>2018-06-25T08:01:59+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/30f981c5d498047e0137f73547f9fa4d-329.html#unique-entry-id-329</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/30f981c5d498047e0137f73547f9fa4d-329.html#unique-entry-id-329</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://www.rcsb.org">Protein Data Bank</a> is an absolutely invaluable resource, the PDB is an archive of 3D structural information of proteins, nucleic acids, and bimolecular complex assemblies. However it is much, much more than a simple archive, the submitted structures are curated and annotated to add information about protein ID, sequence information, organism, ligand details etc. This allows users to interrogate the database in many different ways. The database currently holds 141209 entries, with over 10,000 new entries added every year. The vast majority are X-ray crystal structures but there are now over 12,000 NMR derived structures.</p>

<p>The PDB also contains 25626 chemical components - 24007 as free ligands in 106374 PDB file and you can search via a web interface or download the structures in sdf file format. However browsing through the downloaded file it was apparently that macrocycles were not well represented. A discussion with the extraordinarily helpful Rachel Kramer Green at PDB revealed the issue. Basically any ligand containing more that two amino-acids is treated as a protein not a ligand, there are other rules to deal with modified amino-acids etc. but the bottom line is that the only way to get a comprehensive view of macrocycles in the PDB is to download the entire PDB and programmatically by parsing the entire data set.</p>

<p>First we need to decide what size ring constitutes a macrocycle. asking the "internet" failed to produce a definitive answer.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="macrocyclesize" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/macrocyclesize.png" width="608" height="247" /></p>

<p>You can <a href="../resources/hit_identification/macrocycles/macrocyclesPDB.html" title="MacrocyclesInPDB">read the results and download the script here</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="pdbMacrocycles" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/pdbmacrocycles.png" width="849" height="767" /></p>

<p>There is also a page that discusses <a href="../resources/hit_identification/macrocycles/macrocycles.html" title="Macrocycles">macrocycles in drug discovery</a>.</p>

<p>There is also an upcoming meeting on Macrocycles, <strong>3rd RSC BMCS Medicinal Chemistry Symposium on Macrocycles.</strong> Monday-Tuesday, 8th-9th October 2018, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK. Full details are here <a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Macrocycles-2018.htm">http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Macrocycles-2018.htm</a>. #BMCS_Macrocycles</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The objective of this symposium is to promote scientific interaction between scientists with a shared interest in the field of Macrocycles. This area is responsible for a growing number of therapeutic approaches and development candidates, all of which go &lsquo;beyond the rule-of&ndash;five&rsquo;. As a researcher in this field, come along to hear about the latest advances and also to share in some of the secrets of discovering therapeutic agents which go beyond Lipinski&rsquo;s rules.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Developing an assay for high-throughput screening</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2018-06-04T07:50:13+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7746a328c665f778f99f55f77f86f279-328.html#unique-entry-id-328</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7746a328c665f778f99f55f77f86f279-328.html#unique-entry-id-328</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.eastscotbiodtp.ac.uk/sulsa&rsquo;s-assay-development-fund">SULSA&rsquo;s Assay Development Fund</a> is actively recruiting innovative molecular targets for which there is a strong rationale for therapeutic potential.</p>

<p>Development of a high-throughput assay provide access to the various drug discovery initiatives that are available to the academic community, i.e. MRC DPFS, Bayer G4Targets, Wellcome Trust translational fund, the European Lead Factory, AZ innovation portal etc.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2018-05-31T09:59:26+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d1927846d28af0444131e742d72eadc3-327.html#unique-entry-id-327</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d1927846d28af0444131e742d72eadc3-327.html#unique-entry-id-327</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've updated the <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" title="Bioisosteres">Bioisosteres section</a> adding a few more examples of aryl ring bioisosteres, and I've added CypReact to the <a href="../resources/ADME/predicting_metabolism.html" title="Predicting Metabolism">predicting metabolism page</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="arylNbioisostere" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/arylnbioisostere.png" width="531" height="444" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Macrocycles in Drug Discovery</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Macrocycles</category><dc:date>2018-05-11T09:27:16+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cbb907cdb75803c607f3889d44cf42b3-326.html#unique-entry-id-326</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cbb907cdb75803c607f3889d44cf42b3-326.html#unique-entry-id-326</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've created a new page in the Drug Discovery Resources section describing the use of <a href="../resources/hit_identification/macrocycles/macrocycles.html" title="Macrocycles">macrocycles in drug discovery</a>. With the advent of more challenging drug discovery targets such as protein-protein interactions there is renewed interest in molecules that are beyond the "Rule of 5".  Macrocycles despite apparently undesirable physicochemical properties (High MWt, polar surface area etc.) can have good cell penetration and oral bioavailability. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="cyclosporin" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cyclosporin.png" width="786" height="528" /></p>

<p>There is also an upcoming meeting on Macrocycles, <strong>3rd RSC BMCS Medicinal Chemistry Symposium on Macrocycles</strong>. Monday-Tuesday, 8th-9th October 2018, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK. Full details are here <a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Macrocycles-2018.htm">http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Macrocycles-2018.htm</a>. #BMCS_Macrocycles</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The objective of this symposium is to promote scientific interaction between scientists with a shared interest in the field of Macrocycles. This area is responsible for a growing number of therapeutic approaches and development candidates, all of which go &lsquo;beyond the rule-of&ndash;five&rsquo;. As a researcher in this field, come along to hear about the latest advances and also to share in some of the secrets of discovering therapeutic agents which go beyond Lipinski&rsquo;s rules.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Pitfalls to avoid when building a Computational Therapeutics Company</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><dc:date>2018-05-02T14:01:14+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8e99d62bfa44f9799d75dae9b0a7b634-325.html#unique-entry-id-325</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8e99d62bfa44f9799d75dae9b0a7b634-325.html#unique-entry-id-325</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp;<div class="dotmatics_ad"></div>
Everyday I seem to hear about another tech company moving into healthcare, whilst I'm certain that Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning has the potential to make a significant impact this advice should be compulsory reading for all involved.</p>

<p><a href="https://a16z.com/2018/04/30/building-therapeutics-startups/">https://a16z.com/2018/04/30/building-therapeutics-startups/</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>lead optimisation</category><category>ADME</category><category>hit identification</category><category>Covalent inhibitors</category><dc:date>2018-04-27T09:22:09+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a0a818025daec966ff988aac9cd5c5bf-324.html#unique-entry-id-324</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a0a818025daec966ff988aac9cd5c5bf-324.html#unique-entry-id-324</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've made a few additions and updated to the <a href="../resources/" title="Drug Discovery Resources">Drug Discovery Resources pages</a>. In particular I've updated the <a href="../resources/lead_identification/covalent.html" title="Covalent Inhibitors">covalent inhibitors page</a> and added additional examples to the <a href="../resources/molecular_interactions.html" title="Molecular Interactions">molecular interactions page</a>. I've also started updating the <a href="../resources/ADME/" title="ADME Properties">ADME section</a> and added a page on <a href="../resources/ADME/halflife.html" title="Half-life">half-life</a> and how it might be modulated.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="repeated" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/repeated.png" width="508" height="345" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Molecular Interactions page updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Molecular interactions</category><category>lead optimisation</category><dc:date>2018-04-04T16:31:22+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ee8ed220b5b735a0cc1a08f37d7810b7-323.html#unique-entry-id-323</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ee8ed220b5b735a0cc1a08f37d7810b7-323.html#unique-entry-id-323</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've updated the <a href="../resources/molecular_interactions.html" title="Molecular Interactions">molecular interactions page </a>to add more details on halogens.</p>

<p>Halogens are present in around 25% of drugs, calculated using data from <a href="http://www.guidetopharmacology.org">Guide to Pharmacology Database</a> and often used as bioisosteric replacements for H, Methyl, OH and NH<sub>2</sub>.</p>

<p>Bonds to halogen are significantly weaker than hydrogen bonds but there are many examples in the <a href="http://www.pnas.org/content/101/48/16789.full.pdf" target="self" rel="external">PDB of carbonyls interacting with halogens</a> with bonds to I, and Br predominating. It is perhaps worth noting that halogens have been introduced into ligands to aid X-ray analysis, but they may also influence binding. Based on the observed bond angles the interaction is between the halogen and pi-cloud of the carbonyl rather than the lone pair with a clear clustering of X--O=C-N dihedral angles of 90&deg; associated with interactions that involve primarily the pi-system of the carbonyl. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Chemical Probes</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target validation</category><category>Chemical probes</category><dc:date>2018-03-24T10:07:42+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e4e549cef4c191c726eb1ca121a971df-322.html#unique-entry-id-322</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e4e549cef4c191c726eb1ca121a971df-322.html#unique-entry-id-322</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Recently Boehringer Ingelheim have decided to provide access to a <a href="https://opnme.com">number of chemical probes</a>.</p>

<p>Two new probes for BRD9 and BRD7/9 have been added.</p>

<p>I've added them to the <a href="../resources/chemicalprobes.html" title="Chemical Probes">Chemical Probes page</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>RSC-BMCS / RSC-CICAG Artificial Intelligence in Chemistry</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2018-03-05T09:25:13+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/14ba135ed449ef1cd8346e6b07d7be28-321.html#unique-entry-id-321</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/14ba135ed449ef1cd8346e6b07d7be28-321.html#unique-entry-id-321</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The lineup for the RSC-BMCS / RSC-CICAG conference on Artificial Intelligence in Chemistry has been announced.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="AI-web-image-1" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ai-web-image-1.gif" width="320" height="318" /></p>

<p>Twitter hashtag - #RSC_AIChem</p>

<p>09.00 Registration, refreshments, and exhibition <br>
10.00 Presentation title to be confirmed Marwin Segler, Benevolent AI, UK <br>
10.30 Presentation title to be confirmed Nadine Schneider, Novartis, Switzerland  <br>
11.00 Refreshments, exhibition and posters <br>
11.30 Keynote: What I learned about machine learning - revisited Bob Sheridan, Merck, USA  <br>
12.30 Lunch, posters and exhibition  <br>
14.00 Molecular de novo design through deep learning Ola Engkvist, AstraZeneca, Sweden  <br>
14.30 Scaling de novo design, from single target to disease portfolio Wilhem van Hoorn, Exscientia, UK  <br>
15.00 Refreshments, posters and exhibition  <br>
15.30 Investigating clusters in solvent data using K-means Ella Gale, University of Bristol, UK  <br>
16.00 Deep learning and chemical data Colin Batchelor, Royal Society of Chemistry, UK  <br>
16.30 Automation, analytics and AI Darren Green, Molecular Design UK, RD Platform Technology &amp; Science, GlaxoSmithKline, UK  <br>
17.00 Drinks reception  <br>
18.00 Close <br></p>

<p><a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/AI-2018.htm">Register here</a>.</p>

<p>Friday, 15th June 2018, Royal Society of Chemistry at Burlington House, London, UK <br> 
Poster closing date is 13th April <br>
Bursary closing date is 3rd May</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Macrocycles 2018:  3rd RSC BMCS Medicinal Chemistry Symposium on Macrocycles</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>Macrocycles</category><dc:date>2018-02-16T15:28:36+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f859a702912f12b4eb44722967ef5d47-320.html#unique-entry-id-320</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f859a702912f12b4eb44722967ef5d47-320.html#unique-entry-id-320</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2>Take note of the closing dates for abstracts</h2>

<blockquote>
  <p>Applications for oral and poster presentations are welcome. Posters will be displayed throughout the meeting and applicants should indicate whether they wish to be considered for a flash oral presentation when submitting an abstract (two minutes, single slide).The closing dates of <span style="color:#FB0106;">28th February (oral) and 8th August (poster).</span></p>
</blockquote>

<h2>PhD Student and Post-Doc Conference Bursaries</h2>

<p>Did you know that most BMCS sponsored meetings have a number of bursaries available for PhD and post-doctoral students? Normally up to a value of &pound;250, these awards help to cover registration and travel costs. Preference will be given to members of the RSC (and meeting co-sponsors if applicable), especially those who are selected to give posters.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Macrocycles-2018.htm">Macrocycles 2018 meeting</a> #BMCS_Macrocycles</p>

<p>Monday-Tuesday, 8th-9th October 2018, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK</p>

<p><a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Macrocycles-2018.htm"><img class="imageStyle" alt="Web image-2-sml" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/web-image-2-sml.gif" width="379" height="380" /></a></p>

<p>The objective of this symposium is to promote scientific interaction between scientists with a shared interest in the field of Macrocycles. This area is responsible for a growing number of therapeutic approaches and development candidates, all of which go &lsquo;beyond the rule-of&ndash;five&rsquo;. As a researcher in this field, come along to hear about the latest advances and also to share in some of the secrets of discovering therapeutic agents which go beyond Lipinski&rsquo;s rules.</p>

<p>Full details and application forms are here <a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Macrocycles-2018.htm">http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Macrocycles-2018.htm</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Molecular Interactions page updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Molecular interactions</category><dc:date>2018-02-09T08:03:59+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/105fd0387ee2fe94f7dae88e22ece297-319.html#unique-entry-id-319</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/105fd0387ee2fe94f7dae88e22ece297-319.html#unique-entry-id-319</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've updated the <a href="../resources/molecular_interactions.html" title="Molecular Interactions">Molecular Interactions page</a> expanding the section on hydrogen bonds.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The MycetOS (Mycetoma Open Source) project was </title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Neglected and Tropical Diseases</category><dc:date>2018-02-06T14:22:13+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/70ef75307434d314a997578f608921b2-318.html#unique-entry-id-318</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/70ef75307434d314a997578f608921b2-318.html#unique-entry-id-318</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The MycetOS (Mycetoma Open Source) project was launched today by the University of Sydney, Erasmus MC, and the Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi) to use an Open Pharma approach to discover compounds that could lead to new treatments for patients suffering from fungal mycetoma (eumycetoma), a devastating disease for which current treatments are ineffective, expensive, and toxic.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.dndi.org/2018/media-centre/press-releases/new-open-source-drug-discovery-project-develop-mycetoma-treatment/">More details here&hellip;.</a></p>

<p>Join the discussion https://www.reddit.com/r/OpenSourceMycetoma/</p>

<p>or Twitter https://twitter.com/MycetOS</p>

<p>Files here https://github.com/OpenSourceMycetoma</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Target Validation page updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2018-02-04T10:00:43+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/de2e2adf480af1639d86ebda04a9d544-317.html#unique-entry-id-317</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/de2e2adf480af1639d86ebda04a9d544-317.html#unique-entry-id-317</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've just updated the <a href="../resources/targetvalidation.html" title="Target Validation">target validation page</a>, highlighting some of the problems with the use of antibodies.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Macrocycles 2018:  3rd RSC BMCS Medicinal Chemistry Symposium on Macrocycles</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2018-01-30T15:09:59+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9b6f8fa3c792efeb003ae8488fb5c3d3-316.html#unique-entry-id-316</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9b6f8fa3c792efeb003ae8488fb5c3d3-316.html#unique-entry-id-316</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>First announcement for the <a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Macrocycles-2018.htm">Macrocycles 2018 meeting</a> #BMCS_Macrocycles</p>

<p>Monday-Tuesday, 8th-9th October 2018, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK</p>

<p><a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Macrocycles-2018.htm"><img class="imageStyle" alt="Web image-2-sml" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/web-image-2-sml.gif" width="379" height="380" /></a></p>

<p>The objective of this symposium is to promote scientific interaction between scientists with a shared interest in the field of Macrocycles. This area is responsible for a growing number of therapeutic approaches and development candidates, all of which go &lsquo;beyond the rule-of&ndash;five&rsquo;. As a researcher in this field, come along to hear about the latest advances and also to share in some of the secrets of discovering therapeutic agents which go beyond Lipinski&rsquo;s rules.</p>

<p>Applications for oral and poster presentations are welcome. Posters will be displayed throughout the meeting and applicants should indicate whether they wish to be considered for a flash oral presentation when submitting an abstract (two minutes, single slide).The closing dates of 28th February (oral) and 8th August (poster).</p>

<p>Full details and application forms are here <a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Macrocycles-2018.htm">http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/Macrocycles-2018.htm</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Medical Research: What’s it worth?</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>grant funding</category><dc:date>2018-01-25T14:04:37+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4a927e1e02958ecbc6b7a90dd8b6d341-315.html#unique-entry-id-315</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4a927e1e02958ecbc6b7a90dd8b6d341-315.html#unique-entry-id-315</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>An interesting <a href="https://wellcome.ac.uk/sites/default/files/whats-it-worth-musculoskeletal-disease-research-januar-2018.pdf">review of economic benefits of medical research in the UK</a>. </p>

<p>This briefing summarises a new peer-reviewed study estimating the economic returns generated by public and charitable investment in UK medical research.</p>

<p>Bottom line , Every &pound;1 invested in medical research delivers a return equivalent to around 25p every year, for ever.</p>

<p>Studies have focused on cancer, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal disease and mental health research</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>MMV call for proposals</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><dc:date>2018-01-19T18:01:43+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/814bdf3ec21fbb824ab99a7e73a33aaf-314.html#unique-entry-id-314</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/814bdf3ec21fbb824ab99a7e73a33aaf-314.html#unique-entry-id-314</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.mmv.org/research-development/information-scientists/call-proposals/16th-call-proposals">MMV welcomes proposals in the following three areas</a></p>

<h2>1. Compounds addressing the key priorities of the malaria eradication agenda</h2>

<p>Novel families of molecules in the hit-to-lead or lead optimization stages are sought without G6PD deficiency liabilities that either:</p>

<ul>
<li>Kill or reactivate hypnozoites for use as part of a P. vivax radical cure; or  </li>
<li>Have activity against sexual stage V gametocytes and evidence of transmission blocking in SMFA.</li>
</ul>

<h2>2. Compounds with activity against asexual liver and/or blood stages</h2>

<p>Novel chemical series with EC50&lt;500nM and which have one or more of the following key features:</p>

<ul>
<li>A known, novel mechanism of action;</li>
<li>An inability to select resistant mutants in vitro;</li>
<li>Activity at more than one life-cycle stage;</li>
<li>A long half-life (ideally >4h in rodents) and confirmed in vivo efficacy.</li>
<li>For advanced series, we are seeking novel compounds with, ideally, a predicted human half-life >100h and a predicted oral single human dose &lt;500mg or an i.m. dose that can be administered in &lt;1mL and sufficient for up to 3 months&rsquo; protection in humans.</li>
</ul>

<h2>3. Novel approaches for screening</h2>

<ul>
<li>To help identify new phenotypic and/ or target based hits, as well as confirm activity of MMV compounds on all human malaria asexual blood stages, new screening proposals are sought .</li>
</ul>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Kinase Inhibitors</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>kinase inhibitors</category><dc:date>2018-01-16T15:22:31+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/81ec1542c1149a4a31bdae2de13e66ed-313.html#unique-entry-id-313</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/81ec1542c1149a4a31bdae2de13e66ed-313.html#unique-entry-id-313</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've just updated the page describing <a href="../resources/hit_identification/focus/kinaseinhib.html" title="Kinase Inhibitors">Kinase inhibitors</a>, added more on fragments and selectivity.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Neuroscience Chemical Probes</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><category>Chemical probes</category><dc:date>2018-01-09T13:16:35+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/846ed4565a434519a03413381371834a-312.html#unique-entry-id-312</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/846ed4565a434519a03413381371834a-312.html#unique-entry-id-312</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We recently heard that <a href="https://www.statnews.com/pharmalot/2018/01/06/pfizer-neuroscience-alzheimer-layoffs/">Pfizer is leaving the neuroscience therapeutic area</a>, with a resulting loss of around 300 jobs. This is of course bad news for the scientists involved but I hope the work that was undertaken within Pfizer does not disappear. <a href="../resources/chemicalprobes.html" title="Chemical Probes">Chemical probes</a> are critical tools in target identification and validation and arguably even more so in neuroscience. I hope that Pfizer consider releasing some of the well characterised molecules as freely accessible chemical probes, especially if they could also offer a similar but inactive molecule as a negative control. Many of the older tool compounds reported in the literature have been shown to have inadequate selectivity which compromises understanding the biology.</p>

<p>There are many important therapeutic targets within neuroscience but our biological understanding is currently inadequate to justify the investment in drug discovery, a selection of well characterised probes may provide the tools to support the necessary basic biological research.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>

<p></script></p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Privileged Structures</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2018-01-07T13:46:23+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/28a9d287e30bc3b860235b9e5a857d2b-311.html#unique-entry-id-311</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/28a9d287e30bc3b860235b9e5a857d2b-311.html#unique-entry-id-311</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The term "<a href="../resources/hit_identification/privileged_structures.html" title="Privileged Structures">privileged structures</a>" was first coined by Ben Evans <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00120a002">DOI</a> who recognised the potential of certain regularly occurring structural motifs as templates for derivatization to discovery novel ligands for binding to proteins. Such motifs are of course distinct from <a href="../resources/hit_identification/promiscous.html" title="Frequent Hitters">false positives molecules</a> that appear in multiple screens due to assay interferences.</p>

<p>A recent publication describes a related approach looking for multi target ligands, a systematic analysis of currently available X-ray structures for compounds forming complexes with different targets <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.7b01849">DOI</a>, by using X-ray structures they aim to avoid molecules that might interfere with the assay, some of these ligands were described in the medicinal chemistry literature, making it possible to consider additional target annotations and search for analogues. This work identified 133 unique analogue-series-based scaffolds were isolated that can serve as templates for the design of new compounds with multitarget activity.</p>

<p>I've added this to the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/privileged_structures.html" title="Privileged Structures">Privileged Structures</a> page of the Drug Discovery Resources.</p>
<br /><br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Annual Review of website</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2018-01-02T07:31:16+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4057fc86cfa955b5f8821a5d3cc893c2-310.html#unique-entry-id-310</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4057fc86cfa955b5f8821a5d3cc893c2-310.html#unique-entry-id-310</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources</a> website continues to increase in popularity with over 137,000 page views, an increase of 27% over the figure for 2016. The pages were visited by over 71,000 viewers and around a quarter of the visitors come back on multiple occasions suggesting they find it useful. The visitors come from 177 different countries with the US (31%) and UK (15%) topping the list.</p>

<p>The most viewed pages in 2017 were</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/distribution.html">Distribution and Plasma Protein Binding</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/logD.html">Lipophilicity</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/">Calculating Physicochemical Properties</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">Molecular Interactions</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/">Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">Molecular Interactions</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/solvation.html">Solvation and desolvation</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/formulation.html">Formulation</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/focus/kinaseinhib.html">Kinase Inhibitors</a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/acid_bioisosteres.html">Acid Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment based screening</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/aspartic_protease_inhibitors.html">Aspartic Acid Protease Inhibitors</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/herg_activity.html">HERG</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/CYP_interactions.htmll">CYP Interactions</a></li>
</ul>

<p>There have been a number of significant updates to the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources</a> this year, in particular <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/targetvalidation.html">Target Validation</a> has been expanded and the section on <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/chemicalprobes.html">Chemical Probes</a> given a separate page, highlighting invaluable resources like <a href="http://probeminer.icr.ac.uk/#/">Probe Miner</a>. Another new addition to the site has been the page on <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/lead_identification/covalent.html">Covalent Inhibitors</a> I got a significant amount of feedback on this page and it was updated several times. </p>

<p>I posted a poll on the website asking how many molecules are usually selected from a <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/virtual_screening_selection.html">virtual screening run</a>? </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="screening" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/screening.png" width="737" height="333" /></p>

<p>Some people also emailed me with further information. For companies with large internal physical screening collections, and the ability to cherry pick samples, it effectively costs the same to fill a high density plate (>1000 compounds) as it does to select a handful of compounds. On the other hand if the scientist has to purchase compounds then the logistics and cost become a significant obstacle. </p>

<p>There have been a couple of publications this year describing problems arising from analysis of high-throughput screening data, I've updated the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/analysis_hts_data.html">Analysis of high-throughput screening data</a> page to try and highlight some of the issues and strategies.</p>

<p>One of the highlights of the year for me was the <a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/CMC/">19th RSC / SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</a> (#19thCamMedChem) which took place 10th-13th September 2017 at Churchill College, Cambridge, UK. In particular a session on Neglected and Tropical Diseases, to increase the exposure of the brilliant science undertaken in this important therapeutic area the conference organisers arranged for this to be a live webinar. The session was also recorded and is now available online.</p>

<p><a href="https://youtu.be/XLOCFrjrMEY">https://youtu.be/XLOCFrjrMEY</a></p>

<p>This is a recording of the Neglected and Tropical Diseases Session at the 19th Cambridge MedChem Meeting, 11-13 September 2017. The speakers are Kelly Chibale (Univ of Capetown), Christoph Boss (Actelion), Rob Young (GlaxoSmithKline), Jonathan Large (LifeArc) and Charles Mowbray (DNDI). To date this has been watched nearly 250 times.</p>

<p>Please feel free to share. <a href="https://twitter.com/search?q=%2319thCamMedChem&amp;src=typd">#19thCamMedChem</a>.</p>

<p>The <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/#">European Lead Factory</a> (ELF) is a collaborative public-private partnership aiming to deliver novel lead molecules for drug discovery programs. When the consortium was formed around 5 years ago there was a lot of scepticism about whether a group of 30 partners rating from large Pharma companies to small academic groups could ever agree on a legal framework that would allow the ELF to function. In a addition, in an industry where confidentiality was critical to maintaining intellectual property the idea that a group of large Pharma companies would share their sample collections often regarded as the "Crown Jewels" seemed impossible. However I was at the European Lead factory Stakeholder Meeting (24-25 April 2017) and it is clear that is has been a success and I've <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/publications/elf.html">written a summary here</a>.</p>

<p>Interestingly the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/books.html">Books</a> and <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/grant_funds.html">Grant funding research</a> have seasonal peaks in viewing.</p>

<p>The website was also updated this year to use https rather than http, this involved editing a fair number of of hardcoded URLs. Whilst I don't require any secure transactions it does seem that https offers a level of trust that is beneficial. It seems likely that other web browsers will follow Google's lead and have a popup message when accessing any page using http, I suspect this could rapidly become irritating so I've decided to make the move. You will still able to access using http but I'll be setting up redirects later this week. Hopefully the visitors will not really notice any difference.</p>

<p>Looking at the operating systems 52% are Windows users, 21% Mac users, 10% iOS and 9% Android, Chrome dominates the browser stats (62%) with Safari second (20%) and Firefox third (12%).</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seasons Greetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2017-12-19T07:15:00+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f30bda8fd1b61d45099bbd56b0803ad0-308.html#unique-entry-id-308</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f30bda8fd1b61d45099bbd56b0803ad0-308.html#unique-entry-id-308</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="IMG_2224" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/img_2224.png" width="605" height="807" /></p>

<p>Clare College view of bridge from Old Court</p>

<p>As in previous years all monies saved for not sending greetings cards will be given to the <a href="https://www.mssociety.org.uk">Multiple Sclerosis Society</a></p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Bioisosteres database</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2017-12-19T07:14:15+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a08b7e1d4e8f8e43b0ae1cb3edc0b235-309.html#unique-entry-id-309</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a08b7e1d4e8f8e43b0ae1cb3edc0b235-309.html#unique-entry-id-309</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I just came across a new website that might be interesting, <a href="http://bober.insilab.org">BoBER</a> gives access to a database of bioisosteres.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>BoBER (Base of Bioisosterically Exchangeable Replacements) is a freely available method which implements an interface to a database of bioisosteric and scaffold hopping replacements. The web-server enables fast and user-friendly searches for bioisosteric replacements which were obtained by mining the whole Protein Data Bank. BoBER enables medicinal chemists to quickly search and get new and unique ideas about possible bioisosteric or scaffold hoping replacements that could be used to improve specific hit or lead drug-like compounds.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>You can submit whole molecule structures which are divided into fragments and then bioisosteric replacements for each fragment can then be identified.</p>

<p>There is a <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" title="Bioisosteres">section on bioisosters </a>in the Drug Discovery Resources.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Cancer-causing mutation suppresses immune system around tumours</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Cancer</category><dc:date>2017-12-12T17:50:25+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/30fe397d5665e70fc7f3ad5f2076116a-307.html#unique-entry-id-307</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/30fe397d5665e70fc7f3ad5f2076116a-307.html#unique-entry-id-307</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Interesting report from the Crick. Mutations in 'Ras' genes, which drive 25% of human cancers by causing tumour cells to grow, multiply and spread, can also protect cancer cells from the immune system. They show that mutated Ras genes can suppress the immune system around tumours by increasing levels of a protein called Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). It was already known that high expression levels of PD-L1 was associated with increased tumour aggressiveness and an increased risk of death, and the current study provides the mechanism.</p>

<p>Open Access
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2017.11.016">DOI</a></p>

<p>Several PD-L1 inhibitors are in development, including <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atezolizumab">Atezolizumab</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Source Malaria, what to make next</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><dc:date>2017-12-11T07:16:02+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/102b89ea245f44dbe959c144cf347eb2-306.html#unique-entry-id-306</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/102b89ea245f44dbe959c144cf347eb2-306.html#unique-entry-id-306</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="http://opensourcemalaria.github.io/NewSite/#">Open Source Malaria</a> project is trying a different approach to curing malaria. Guided by open source principles, everything is open and anyone can contribute.</p>

<p>A recent post gives an opportunity for everyone to participate, you can read a description of the background here <a href="https://github.com/OpenSourceMalaria/OSM_To_Do_List/issues/555">Poll to decide which compounds to synthesise next as 'Pfizer phenol' analogues</a> and the <a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdjpCaSqVy7gXdRg5b5kAg4T259xXUsPsYuCcmuKDylWhgrbw/viewform">actual poll</a> is here.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Following on from @JoshMaxwell's introductory post #554, we're keen to continue exploring this chemistry which now appears to be working well, and applying it to make further analogues of the phenol compound OSM-S-412, <a href="https://github.com/OpenSourceMalaria/Series4/issues/3">OpenSourceMalaria/Series4#3</a>.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>You should of course feel free to suggest additional modifications, it would be particularly useful if you could include a brief comment as to why you think your suggestion might be interesting.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>D3R Grand Challenge 2: blind prediction of protein–ligand poses, aﬃnity rankings, and relative binding free energies</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Docking</category><category>hit identification</category><category>virtual screening</category><dc:date>2017-12-05T07:20:00+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5deb072583158ab78f243a45c2efacc4-305.html#unique-entry-id-305</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5deb072583158ab78f243a45c2efacc4-305.html#unique-entry-id-305</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Drug Design Data Resource (D3R) is an NIH-funded resource  dedicated  to  improving  method  development in ligand docking and scoring through community-wide blinded prediction challenges (http://www.drugdesigndata.org). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10822-017-0088-4">DOI</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The Drug Design Data Resource (D3R) ran Grand Challenge 2 (GC2) from September 2016 through February 2017. This challenge was based on a dataset of structures and a<span style="font:12px &#39;Lucida Grande&#39;, LucidaGrande, Verdana, sans-serif; ">ﬃnities for the nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor (FXR), contributed by F. Hoﬀmann-La Roche. The dataset contained 102 IC50 values, spanning six orders of magnitude, and 36 high-resolution co-crystal structures with representatives of four major ligand classes. Strong global participation was evident, with 49 participants submitting 262 prediction submission packages in total. Procedurally, GC2 mimicked Grand Challenge 2015 (GC2015), with a Stage 1 sub-challenge testing ligand pose prediction methods and ranking and scoring methods, and a Stage 2 sub-challenge testing only ligand ranking and scoring methods after the release of all blinded co-crystal structures. Two smaller curated sets of 18 and 15 ligands were developed to test alchemical free energy methods. This overview summarises all aspects of GC2, including the dataset details, challenge procedures, and participant results. We also consider implications for progress in the ﬁeld, while highlighting methodological areas that merit continued development. Similar to GC2015, the outcome of GC2 underscores the pressing need for methods development in pose prediction, particularly for ligand scaﬀolds not currently represented in the Protein Data Bank (http://www.pdb.org), and in aﬃnity ranking and scoring of bound ligands.</span></p>
</blockquote>

<p>Conclusions:</p>

<ul>
<li>Successful prediction of ligand&ndash;protein poses depends on the entire workﬂow, including factors extrinsic to the core docking algorithm, such as the conformation of the protein selected.</li>
<li>The accuracy of pose predictions tends to be improved by the use of available structural data, via ligand overlays and/or selection of receptor structures solved with similar ligands.</li>
<li>The accuracy of the poses used in structure-based a<span style="font:12px &#39;Lucida Grande&#39;, LucidaGrande, Verdana, sans-serif; ">ﬃnity rankings does not clearly correlate with ranking accuracy.</span></li>
<li>Explicit solvent free energy methods did not, overall, pro-vide greater accuracy than faster, less detailed scoring methods</li>
</ul>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Kinase Inhibitor Landscape</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>kinase inhibitors</category><dc:date>2017-12-02T21:09:05+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8ece2d1f4f1ee4161c806112e2594c3c-304.html#unique-entry-id-304</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8ece2d1f4f1ee4161c806112e2594c3c-304.html#unique-entry-id-304</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>With over 500 proteins encoded in the human genome it is perhaps not surprising that among enzyme inhibitors, <a href="../resources/hit_identification/focus/kinaseinhib.html" title="Kinase Inhibitors">Kinase inhibitors </a>are an increasingly important therapeutic category. The plot below the number of results returned for various string searches of PubMed versus year. Whilst "serine protease inhibitors' (grey) was the highest scoring in 1995 over the intervening years "kinase inhibitors" (red) has risen and is now the highest scoring search string.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="stringsearches" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/stringsearches.png" width="661" height="630" /></p>

<p>Given that many of the inhibitors target the ATP binding site it is perhaps not surprising that many molecules inhibit multiple kinases, unfortunately this information is not in a readily searchable format. A recent publication "The target landscape of clinical kinase drugs" <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aan4368">DOI</a> describes an approach to provide better understanding</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>To this end, we used a chemical proteomic approach (kinobeads) and quantitative mass spectrometry to characterize the target space of 243 clinical KIs that are approved drugs or have been tested in humans&hellip;..The number of targets for a given drug differed substantially. Whereas some compounds showed exquisite selectivity, others targeted more than 100 kinases simultaneously, making it difficult to attribute their biological effects to any particular mode of action.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>All drug profiles can be interactively explored in <a href="http://www.proteomicsdb.org">ProteomicsDB</a> and a purpose-built shinyApp.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>opnMe Chemical probes from Boehringer Ingelheim</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target validation</category><category>Chemical probes</category><dc:date>2017-11-19T09:34:01+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f9e05f134cfce16a3e57ff6f993bda8b-303.html#unique-entry-id-303</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f9e05f134cfce16a3e57ff6f993bda8b-303.html#unique-entry-id-303</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>One of the key challenges to <a href="../resources/targetvalidation.html" title="Target Validation">exploring interesting targets</a> is having access to high quality molecular probes. A number of organisations have go together to support <a href="http://www.chemicalprobes.org">Chemical Probes Portal</a> which provides information and independent reviews of chemical probes.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The Chemical Probes Portal is designed to change the way scientists find and use small-molecule reagents called chemical probes in biomedical research and drug discovery. The Portal is backed by reviews and commentary from recognised chemical probe experts. Our knowledge-dissemination model, focused on providing accessible expert advice, promises to increase research reproducibility, maximise investment outcomes and accelerate the discovery science that informs the next generation of therapeutic</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Recently Boehringer Ingelheim have decided to provide access to a <a href="https://opnme.com">number of chemical probes</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>To foster innovation, Boehringer Ingelheim (BI) is openly sharing selected molecules with the scientific community to unlock their full potential. There are two types of Boehringer Ingelheim molecules that you can access on this portal: some for ordering, some for collaboration. </p>
</blockquote>

<p>These molecules cover a range of interesting molecular targets.</p>

<table>
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>Target</th> <th>ID</th>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    <tr>
        <td>Aurora B inhibitor</td> <td>BI 831266</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Autotaxin (ATX) inhibitor</td> <td>BI-2545</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>BCL6 degrader</td> <td>BI-3802</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>BCL6 inhibitor</td> <td>BI-3812</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>CCR1 antagonist</td> <td>BI-9667</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>CCR10 antagonist</td> <td>BI-6901</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>CDK8 inhibitor</td> <td>BI-1347</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>FAS inhibitor</td> <td>BI 99179</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>FLAP antagonist</td> <td>BI 665915</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) Agonist</td> <td>BI 653048</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Hep. C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase inhibitor</td> <td>BI 207127 (Deleobuvir)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3 protease inhibitor</td> <td>BI-1230</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3 protease inhibitor</td> <td>BI-1388</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>LFA-1 (lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1) antagonist</td> <td>BI-1950</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>NHE1 inhibitor</td> <td>BI-9627</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>PLK1 inhibitor</td> <td>BI-2536</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>sEH inhibitor</td> <td>BI-1935</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>SYK inhibitor</td> <td>BI 1002494</td>
    </tr>
    </tbody>
</table>

<p>Looking at the selective Aurora B kinase inhibitor BI 831266, it is clear that BI is making available high quality molecules, they provide the structure, <em>in vitro</em> activity, together with both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> DMPK data in multiple species. They also suggest a related compound as a negative control in which the N-Me serves to block the critical hinge binding.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="BIcompounds" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bicompounds.png" width="597" height="314" /></p>

<p>There is also a co-crystal structure and some counter-screening data, together with key references from the literature. Any data generated can be published without approval from BI.</p>

<p>This looks to be a very exciting initiative and it will be interesting to see if other companies follow suit.</p>

<p>They have also created a search engine <a href="https://opnme.com/BI-Miner">BI Miner</a> to search multiple data sources simultaneously (PubMed Central, Medline, Patents, Drug labels, Expression Data, NIH Grants, Clinical Trials), this open access.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="biminer" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/biminer.png" width="725" height="904" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Determining plasma protein binding</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>plasma protein binding</category><dc:date>2017-11-18T13:43:16+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/00df03c6654e3b90478e5b2e31a26dd8-302.html#unique-entry-id-302</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/00df03c6654e3b90478e5b2e31a26dd8-302.html#unique-entry-id-302</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Since the Drug Discovery Resources page on <a href="../resources/ADME/distribution.html" title="Distribution and plasma protein binding">Distribution and Plasma Protein Binding</a> is one of the most frequently read I thought I'd mention a publication from the Univ of Washington <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00316">DOI</a> describing an inexpensive Microdialysis Device for Measuring Drug&ndash;Protein Binding (DIYM).</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The device is based on the standard equilibrium dialysis method to measure the fraction of low molecular weight compound bound to proteins. It is constructed from a standard polypropylene 96-well plate, dialysis tubing, and low viscosity epoxy resin. The device can be readily prepared for a small fraction of the cost of a commercial, multi-chamber, micro-dialysis device.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The results obtained agree favourably with literature values.</p>

<table>
    <thead>
    <tr>
        <th>Compound</th> <th>DIYM (%)</th> <th>Lit (%)</th>
    </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
    <tr>
        <td>Dextromethorphan</td> <td>66.8</td> <td>65</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Diclofenac</td> <td>98.0</td> <td>99.5</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Mefloquine</td> <td>98.9</td> <td>>98</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Methotrexate</td> <td>54.0</td> <td>50.4</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Paclitaxel</td> <td>94.2</td> <td>95</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Progesterone</td> <td>97.0</td> <td>98</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Propranolol</td> <td>82.5</td> <td>82</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <td>Testosterone</td> <td>93.3</td> <td>98</td>
    </tr>
    </tbody>
</table>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Trim-Away</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2017-11-17T13:46:21+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3e949d57f5b85d2660a69e348ae80789-301.html#unique-entry-id-301</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3e949d57f5b85d2660a69e348ae80789-301.html#unique-entry-id-301</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A new way to deplete endogenous proteins, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.033">Trim-Away</a> a technique to degrade endogenous proteins acutely in mammalian cells without prior modification of the genome or mRNA. Trim-Away harnesses the cellular protein degradation machinery to remove unmodified native proteins within minutes of application.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>We reasoned that the antibody receptor and ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 could be used as a tool to drive the degradation of endogenous proteins by using a 3-step strategy: first, the introduction of exogenous TRIM21; second, the introduction of an antibody against the protein of interest; and third, TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination followed by degradation of the antibody-bound protein of interest.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>There is more information on the <a href="https://www.mrc.ac.uk/news/browse/new-technique-trim-away-targets-and-rapidly-destroys-proteins-in-cells/">MRC website</a></p>

<p>I've added it to the <a href="../resources/targetvalidation.html" title="Target Validation">Target Validation page</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>NAR Database Issue</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2017-11-14T11:37:53+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7f053ec6d0e40ef20b263da505611c14-300.html#unique-entry-id-300</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7f053ec6d0e40ef20b263da505611c14-300.html#unique-entry-id-300</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw1338">Nucleic Acid Research Database Issue</a> is now available. Details of over <a href="https://academic.oup.com/nar/issue/45/D1">600 databases</a> described in open access publications. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="m_gkw1338fig2" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/m_gkw1338fig2.jpeg" width="520" height="357" /></p>

<p>These databases cover a huge area of biological science, including:-</p>

<ul>
<li>Nucleic acid sequence, structure, and regulation</li>
<li>Protein sequence and structure, motifs, and domains</li>
<li>Metabolic and signalling pathways, enzymes</li>
<li>Viruses, bacteria, protozoa and fungi</li>
<li>Human genome, model organisms, comparative genomics</li>
<li>Genomic variation, diseases, and drugs</li>
<li>Plant databases</li>
</ul>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Neglected and Tropical Diseases Session at the 19th Cambridge MedChem Meeting</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>NTD</category><category>Neglected and Tropical Diseases</category><category>RSC</category><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2017-11-14T09:08:00+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4461628942ca30fb107851ea014c79a3-297.html#unique-entry-id-297</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4461628942ca30fb107851ea014c79a3-297.html#unique-entry-id-297</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h2>Update</h2>

<p>I'm delighted to report that over 200 people have now watched the video online, looks like it was a valuable resource.</p>

<hr />

<p>One of the nice things about my job is I get the chance to take part in some truly inspiring events. Last month I had the honour of chairing a session on Neglected and Tropical Diseases at the 19th Cambridge MedChem Meeting. In an effort of extend the exposure of the brilliant science undertaken in this important therapeutic area the conference organisers arranged for this to be a live webinar. The session was also recorded and is now available online.</p>

<p><a href="https://youtu.be/XLOCFrjrMEY">https://youtu.be/XLOCFrjrMEY</a></p>

<p>This is a recording of the Neglected and Tropical Diseases Session at the 19th Cambridge MedChem Meeting, 11-13 September 2017. The speakers are Kelly Chibale (Univ of Capetown), Christoph Boss (Actelion), Rob Young (GlaxoSmithKline), Jonathan Large (LifeArc) and Charles Mowbray (DNDI).</p>

<p>Please feel free to share. <a href="https://twitter.com/search?q=%2319thCamMedChem&amp;src=typd">#19thCamMedChem</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="flyer" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/flyer.png" width="871" height="465" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>29th Symposium on Medicinal Chemistry in Eastern England</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2017-11-04T10:41:01+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/49384a1dbf3046d98d18bab4ede92073-299.html#unique-entry-id-299</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/49384a1dbf3046d98d18bab4ede92073-299.html#unique-entry-id-299</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="http://www.rsc.org/events/detail/27644/29th-symposium-on-medicinal-chemistry-in-eastern-england">Symposium on Medicinal Chemistry in Eastern England</a>, known colloquially as the "Hatfield MedChem" meeting, is a highly successful, long-standing, one-day meeting which runs annually will be held 26 April 2018 09:30-17:00, Hatfield, United Kingdom</p>

<p>The Organising Committee are inviting abstract submissions for both oral and poster presentation.    Please download an abstract template from the event website and return it the secretariat.   Closing dates for submissions are:</p>

<p>24th November 2017 for oral abstracts<br>
23rd February 2018 for poster abstract<br></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Target Validation</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2017-11-02T10:55:43+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8cd91226c3f5b9b4262cc994038de6c7-298.html#unique-entry-id-298</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8cd91226c3f5b9b4262cc994038de6c7-298.html#unique-entry-id-298</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've updated the <a href="../resources/targetvalidation.html" title="Target Validation">Target Identification/Validation page</a> in the Drug Discovery Resources. In particular I've added a section on the failure to reproduce literature experiments.</p>

<p>Remember this is an absolutely critical step, almost everything else can be fixed.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Covalent Inhibitors</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Covalent inhibitors</category><category>lead identification</category><category>irreversible</category><dc:date>2017-10-18T09:00:38+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/72a0e1ed017be77eb6b8978eaf2c2201-296.html#unique-entry-id-296</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/72a0e1ed017be77eb6b8978eaf2c2201-296.html#unique-entry-id-296</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've just added a page on<a href="../resources/lead_identification/covalent.html" title="Covalent Inhibitors"> irreversible covalent inhibitors</a>, this is just the first iteration I plan to add more when I have some spare time.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="hcv" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/hcv.png" width="537" height="382" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Selecting hits from virtual screening</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>virtual screening</category><dc:date>2017-10-02T08:32:13+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a2139c80a2f65218d37a4836ef87d32d-295.html#unique-entry-id-295</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a2139c80a2f65218d37a4836ef87d32d-295.html#unique-entry-id-295</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Whilst <a href="../resources/hit_identification/analysis_hts_data.html" title="Analysis of HTS data">high-throughput screening</a> (HTS) has been the starting point for many successful drug discovery programs the cost of screening, the accessibility of a large diverse sample collection, or throughput of the primary assay may preclude HTS as a starting point and identification of a smaller selection of compounds with a higher probability of being a hit may be desired. Directed or Virtual screening is a computational technique used in drug discovery research designed to identify potential hits for evaluation in primary assays. It involves the rapid in silico assessment of large libraries of chemical structures in order to identify those structures that most likely to be active against a drug target. The key question is then how many molecules do you select from your virtual screen?</p>

<p>The results of a <a href="../resources/hit_identification/virtual_screening.html" title="Directed and Virtual Screening">virtual screening </a>run are effectively a rank ordering of the virtual screening deck ordered by whatever scoring function(s) that have been used. The task then becomes selection of molecules for experimental determination of activity.</p>

<p>I posed this question on the website and the results are shown below. Whilst this obviously a limited snapshot it is interesting that there is a wide variety of responses.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="screening" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/screening.png" width="737" height="333" /></p>

<p>I've included the results on the page on <a href="../resources/hit_identification/virtual_screening_selection.html" title="Virtual Screening selection">Selecting Compounds from a Virtual Screening Run</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Measles eliminated in 33 countries</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>vaccination</category><dc:date>2017-09-27T06:59:08+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a146522aa2b7f4a12dabc0a38cb9f587-294.html#unique-entry-id-294</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a146522aa2b7f4a12dabc0a38cb9f587-294.html#unique-entry-id-294</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>WHO Europe is reporting the elimination of measles or rubella can be verified once a country has sustained interruption of endemic transmission for at least 36 months. The RVC verified that the following countries achieved elimination status as of 2016 for one or both diseases *:</p>

<ul>
<li>Denmark, Spain and the United Kingdom eliminated measles;</li>
<li>The Republic of Moldova, Sweden and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia eliminated rubella;</li>
<li>Croatia, Greece, Iceland, Lithuania, Montenegro and Uzbekistan eliminated both measles and rubella.</li>
<li>Spain and United Kingdom achieved elimination status for rubella as of 2015</li>
</ul>

<p>This is another great success for the vaccination program with Measles no longer endemic in 79% of the WHO European Region</p>

<p>Full details here <a href="http://www.euro.who.int/en/media-centre/sections/press-releases/2017/measles-no-longer-endemic-in-79-of-the-who-european-region">http://www.euro.who.int/en/media-centre/sections/press-releases/2017/measles-no-longer-endemic-in-79-of-the-who-european-region</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Multidisciplinary Project Award</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>grant funding</category><dc:date>2017-09-25T10:22:26+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9ae885d51100ad754eab8ec36b528fe9-293.html#unique-entry-id-293</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9ae885d51100ad754eab8ec36b528fe9-293.html#unique-entry-id-293</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I'm delighted to hear that CRUK and EPSRC are funding a scheme to encourage research collaborations between different disciplines.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/our-funding-schemes/multidisciplinary-project-award?">Multidisciplinary Project Award</a> supports collaborations between cancer researchers and scientists from engineering/physical science disciplines.</p>

<p>Applications should ideally include:</p>

<ul>
<li>a minimum of two PIs working in distinct scientific disciplines</li>
<li>at least one PI working in cancer research at any career stage</li>
<li>at least one PI from an engineering/physical science discipline at any career stage</li>
</ul>

<p>Applications will be accepted from UK universities, research institutions, Cancer Research UK core-funded Institutes, medical schools and hospitals. The award is not required to be co-located and can be held across institutions in the UK, supporting roles from international and commercial organisations may also be included.</p>

<p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1633692949/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1634&amp;creative=6738&amp;creativeASIN=1633692949&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=macinche-21&amp;linkId=a598f5372b454525505f49abe4288f62">The Medici Effect, With a New Preface and Discussion Guide: What Elephants and Epidemics Can Teach Us About Innovation</a><img src="//ir-uk.amazon-adsystem.com/e/ir?t=macinche-21&amp;l=am2&amp;o=2&amp;a=1633692949" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;" /></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The book is the basis for "The Medici Effect," a term coined by Johansson and used throughout various industries to describe innovation that happens when disciplines and ideas intersect.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>This might go some way towards correcting the <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ea69a8975c19c67bfd6c6cc4bb9285bb-285.html">bias against interdisciplinary research</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Causes of death over 100 years</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2017-09-19T11:04:20+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0a5e6b7dc051e5bf64a6acf067cea9d2-292.html#unique-entry-id-292</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0a5e6b7dc051e5bf64a6acf067cea9d2-292.html#unique-entry-id-292</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The UK Office of National Statistics has produced a fascinating <a href="http://visual.ons.gov.uk/causes-of-death-over-100-years/">interactive plot</a> of the causes of death in the UK over the last 100 years.</p>

<p>I've captured a screenshot of the plots but I'd urge to go and have a look at the interactive plot on the website <a href="http://visual.ons.gov.uk/causes-of-death-over-100-years/">http://visual.ons.gov.uk/causes-of-death-over-100-years/</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="deaths" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/deaths.png" width="630" height="1097" /></p>

<p>What is very apparent is the impact the introduction of antibiotics had in the late 1940's, and the introduction of mass vaccinations, deaths due to infections have been virtually eliminated.</p>

<p>In men heart disease remains the major killer whilst in women it is breast cancer. Sadly among the young it looks like mental health issues are a major concern.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Capps Green Zomaya Award</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2017-09-08T17:45:28+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f0505f9f15e0c73844d1a510caa3f70f-291.html#unique-entry-id-291</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f0505f9f15e0c73844d1a510caa3f70f-291.html#unique-entry-id-291</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Nominations close on 31 October 2017 </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>This Award was founded in 2002 in memory of the chemists Nigel Capps, Richard Green and Alex Zomaya to recognise outstanding contributions to medicinal or computational medicinal chemistry.</p>
</blockquote>

<ul>
<li>Run biennially</li>
<li>The winner receives &pound;2000, a certificate and a medal </li>
<li>The winner is invited to give the 'Capps Green Zomaya Memorial Lecture' at the East of England </li>
<li>Medicinal Chemistry Symposium in April 2018 </li>
<li>The winner will be chosen by an independent panel of senior chemists, selected by the  Committee of the RSC Biological and Medicinal Chemistry Sector (BMCS) and the Capps Green  Zomaya Trust.</li>
</ul>

<p>More details are here <a href="http://www.rsc.org/ScienceAndTechnology/Awards/CappsGreenZoyama/">http://www.rsc.org/ScienceAndTechnology/Awards/CappsGreenZoyama/</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>How many compounds do you select from virtual screening?</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><category>Docking</category><category>virtual screening</category><dc:date>2017-09-04T07:41:03+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2e5c4ac7cc622b9b66656d0c1c2f2367-290.html#unique-entry-id-290</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2e5c4ac7cc622b9b66656d0c1c2f2367-290.html#unique-entry-id-290</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Whilst high-throughput screening (HTS) has been the starting point for many successful drug discovery programs the cost of screening, the accessibility of a large diverse sample collection, or throughput of the primary assay may preclude HTS as a starting point and identification of a smaller selection of compounds with a higher probability of being a hit may be desired. <a href="../resources/hit_identification/virtual_screening.html" title="Directed and Virtual Screening">Directed or Virtual screening</a> is a computational technique used in drug discovery research designed to identify potential hits for evaluation in primary assays. It involves the rapid<em> in silico</em> assessment of large libraries of chemical structures in order to identify those structures that most likely to be active against a drug target. The key question is then how many molecules do you select from your virtual screen?</p>

<iframe src="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd9-cIjICgXk4mxlGSEsNsT7oPfQuGxfthU8wKrz5RCKI3xYg/viewform?embedded=true" width="760" height="1000" frameborder="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0">Loading...</iframe>

<p>Whilst virtual screening is certainly less expensive than high-throughput screening it is not free, even an in house academic cluster has an overhead (probably equating to > $10,000 per virtual screen). So with that investment how much would you invest in actual compounds?</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br /><br /><br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>19th Cambridge MedChem Meeting</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2017-08-30T19:49:30+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7870671da818edfc4e60fb8d6eaa3446-289.html#unique-entry-id-289</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7870671da818edfc4e60fb8d6eaa3446-289.html#unique-entry-id-289</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/CMC/">19th RSC / SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</a> (#19thCamMedChem) takes place 10th-13th September 2017 at Churchill College, Cambridge, UK. This biennial meeting is one of the highlights of the drug discover calendar. Each meeting we try to enhance the scientific programme and this time there will be a live webcast of one of the sessions.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="flyer" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/flyer.png" width="610" height="326" /></p>

<p>New for 2017 - Live Webcast Session on Neglected Tropical Diseases<br>
Tuesday, 12th September Afternoon (13-30pm start).<br>
Session Chair: Chris Swain, Consultant, UK<br></p>

<p>Introduction to the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) session<br>
Kelly Chibale, University of Capetown, South Africa<br>
PI4K inhibitors that target multiple life cycle stages of the human malaria parasite<br>
Kelly Chibale, University of Capetown, South Africa<br>
Discovery and characterization of ACT-451840: an antimalarial drug with a novel mechanism of action<br>
Christoph Boss, Actelion, Switzerland<br></p>

<p>Refreshments and short film clips<br>
<br>
Rapid discovery of non-covalent inhibitors of DprE1, a novel and exciting target to treat Mycobacterium tuberculosis: impact of medicinal chemistry on an open source collaboration<br>
Rob Young, GlaxoSmithKline, UK<br>
Potent, selective and orally efficacious inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum Protein Kinase G (PfPKG)<br>
Jon Large, LifeArc, UK<br>
First disclosure of a new oral development candidate for the treatment of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis<br>
Charlie Mowbray, DNDi (Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative), Switzerland<br>
Closing remarks for NTD session<br>
Charlie Mowbray, DNDi, Switzerland<br></p>

<p>The meeting is now fully booked but we hope that scientists around the world will be able to watch the presentations live using this link</p>

<p><a href="https://goo.gl/7gb9qu">LiveStream</a>.</p>

<p>Please feel free to share this link.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br /><br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Trust but verify</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2017-08-30T07:34:36+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6e8d7d062e9f471514ce06026a0cc70f-288.html#unique-entry-id-288</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6e8d7d062e9f471514ce06026a0cc70f-288.html#unique-entry-id-288</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There is an article in Nature  describing a collection of problems that have arisen from incorrect chemical structures in biological screens <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/548485a">DOI</a>. I'm slightly surprised that this is regarded as newsworthy, but I guess it serves as a timely reminder.</p>

<p>The data from screening campaigns invariably contains errors</p>

<ul>
<li>It is often a single point assay</li>
<li>Quality and diversity of Sample Collection is variable</li>
<li>Compounds may interfere with the detection system</li>
<li>False positives due to aggregation</li>
<li>High density plates can result in cross contamination, edge effects</li>
</ul>

<p>There is a very simple mantra you should adopt when analysing screening data "Trust but verify".</p>

<ul>
<li>Check compounds that were found active against the selected target are re-tested using the same assay conditions used during the HTS.</li>
<li>Does a resynthesised (not repurchased) show the same activity</li>
<li>Dose response curve generation:  an IC50 or EC50 value is then generated, does it have a reasonable slope? Uneffected by incubation time.</li>
<li>Are related analogues available, check for genuine Structure-Activity Relationships</li>
</ul>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="elf" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/elf.jpg" width="575" height="182" /></p>

<p>There is a strategy for the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/analysis_hts_data.html" title="Analysis of HTS data">analysis of HTS data</a> in the Drug Discovery Resources.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Molecules of Murder</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Books</category><dc:date>2017-08-25T13:16:40+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3619b33c0e7ca020f681b8285fee5260-287.html#unique-entry-id-287</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3619b33c0e7ca020f681b8285fee5260-287.html#unique-entry-id-287</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I see that John Emsley, author of the new book Molecules of Murder: Potential Poisons is at a book signing tonight <a href="https://twitter.com/RoySocChem/status/901054073440526340">https://twitter.com/RoySocChem/status/901054073440526340</a></p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="DIEv50lVYAAmPOM" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/diev50lvyaampom.jpg" width="840" height="473" /></p>

<p>If you can't make it, the books are available elsewhere. The ideal coffee table book.</p>

<iframe style="width:120px;height:240px;" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" src="//ws-eu.amazon-adsystem.com/widgets/q?ServiceVersion=20070822&OneJS=1&Operation=GetAdHtml&MarketPlace=GB&source=ac&ref=tf_til&ad_type=product_link&tracking_id=macinche-21&marketplace=amazon&region=GB&placement=1788011163&asins=1788011163&linkId=57470a141d0455fc006a8cbc3cfabe19&show_border=false&link_opens_in_new_window=false&price_color=333333&title_color=0066c0&bg_color=ffffff">
    </iframe>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Website update</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2017-08-21T06:45:19+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fafd4ef1f72f808cedbbd34b4a1bb733-286.html#unique-entry-id-286</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fafd4ef1f72f808cedbbd34b4a1bb733-286.html#unique-entry-id-286</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've spent the weekend updating the website to use https rather than http, this involved editing a fair number of of hardcoded URLs. Whilst I don't require any secure transactions it does seem that https offers a level of trust that is beneficial. It seems likely that other web browsers will follow Google's lead and have a popup message when accessing any page using http, I suspect this could rapidly become irritating so I've decided to make the move. You will still able to access using http but I'll be setting up redirects later this week. Hopefully the visitors will not really notice any difference.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="secure" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/secure.png" width="507" height="351" /></p>

<p>If you want to edit your bookmarks here is the new link <a href="https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Bias against interdisciplinary research</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>publications</category><dc:date>2017-08-19T08:16:31+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ea69a8975c19c67bfd6c6cc4bb9285bb-285.html#unique-entry-id-285</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ea69a8975c19c67bfd6c6cc4bb9285bb-285.html#unique-entry-id-285</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp;<div class="dotmatics_ad"></div>
When I first started on my career I was only to well aware that funding bodies would reject proposals for having "not enough chemistry" or "not enough biology" but I had hoped that by now it would be realised that multidisciplinary teams were key elements in bleeding edge science. However this recent paper suggests the problem still persists. Anyone who has been involved in drug discovery will understand the importance of interdisciplinary research</p>

<p>Point of View: Correcting the bias against interdisciplinary research <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.02576">DOI</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>When making decisions about funding and jobs the scientific community should recognise that most of the tools used to evaluate scientific excellence are biased in favour of established disciplines and against interdisciplinary research.</p>

<p>Scientists who leave the safe haven of their home discipline to explore the uncharted territory that lies outside and between established disciplines are often punished rather than rewarded for following their scientific curiosity</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Perhaps all funding bodies should read this book</p>

<p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1633692949/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1634&amp;creative=6738&amp;creativeASIN=1633692949&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=macinche-21&amp;linkId=a598f5372b454525505f49abe4288f62">The Medici Effect, With a New Preface and Discussion Guide: What Elephants and Epidemics Can Teach Us About Innovation</a><img src="//ir-uk.amazon-adsystem.com/e/ir?t=macinche-21&amp;l=am2&amp;o=2&amp;a=1633692949" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;" /></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The book is the basis for "The Medici Effect," a term coined by Johansson and used throughout various industries to describe innovation that happens when disciplines and ideas intersect.</p>
</blockquote>
<br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>MRC opens drug discovery funding applications</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>Funding</category><dc:date>2017-08-18T12:53:59+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/20f54cc620c317c1fb674642e869479f-284.html#unique-entry-id-284</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/20f54cc620c317c1fb674642e869479f-284.html#unique-entry-id-284</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Medical Research Council (MRC) recently announced that it will provide funding for up to ten high throughput screening (HTS) projects a year to run within the AstraZeneca UK Centre for Lead Discovery. The centre is home to NiCoLa-B, the world&rsquo;s the world's most advanced drug discovery robot. NiCoLa-B can test up to 300,000 compounds a day</p>

<p>Closing date is 27 Sept 2017</p>

<p><a href="https://www.mrc.ac.uk/funding/browse/mrc-az-cld/mrc-astrazeneca-centre-for-lead-discovery/">https://www.mrc.ac.uk/funding/browse/mrc-az-cld/mrc-astrazeneca-centre-for-lead-discovery/</a>.</p>

<p>Further information on the collaboration with AstraZeneca</p>

<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/el2tCW2w-IU" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Virtual Screening Pages Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><category>virtual screening</category><category>Docking</category><dc:date>2017-08-14T10:58:59+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/93f5813f06ea4e2684b6ac942d1bb58a-283.html#unique-entry-id-283</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/93f5813f06ea4e2684b6ac942d1bb58a-283.html#unique-entry-id-283</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've updated the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/virtual_screening.html" title="Directed and Virtual Screening">pages describing virtual screening</a>, in particular the docking section.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="dockedligand" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dockedligand.png" width="603" height="601" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Malaria Disease Primer</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><dc:date>2017-08-09T08:50:07+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/69fdccae0cb584d6388c9be1e6a8efe8-282.html#unique-entry-id-282</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/69fdccae0cb584d6388c9be1e6a8efe8-282.html#unique-entry-id-282</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Nature have produced a very useful one page/poster <a href="http://www.nature.com/articles/nrdp201751">http://www.nature.com/articles/nrdp201751</a> overview of Malaria giving an illustrated depiction of the mechanism, treatment and prevention options.</p>

<p>This is accompanied by a more detailed publication <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2017.50">DOI</a> giving a state-of-the-art overview.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Malaria is caused in humans by five species of single-celled eukaryotic Plasmodium parasites (mainly Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax) that are transmitted by the bite of Anopheles spp. mosquitoes. Malaria remains one of the most serious infectious diseases; it threatens nearly half of the world's population and led to hundreds of thousands of deaths in 2015, predominantly among children in Africa. Malaria is managed through a combination of vector control approaches (such as insecticide spraying and the use of insecticide-treated bed nets) and drugs for both treatment and prevention. The widespread use of artemisinin-based combination therapies has contributed to substantial declines in the number of malaria-related deaths; however, the emergence of drug resistance threatens to reverse this progress. Advances in our understanding of the underlying molecular basis of pathogenesis have fuelled the development of new diagnostics, drugs and insecticides. Several new combination therapies are in clinical development that have efficacy against drug-resistant parasites and the potential to be used in single-dose regimens to improve compliance. This ambitious programme to eliminate malaria also includes new approaches that could yield malaria vaccines or novel vector control strategies. However, despite these achievements, a well-coordinated global effort on multiple fronts is needed if malaria elimination is to be achieved.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Malaria has been the subject of intensive research efforts and the image below shown the <a href="https://www.mmv.org/research-development">Medicines for Malaria Venture</a> supported projects</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="4Q2016_Global_Portfolio.001" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4q2016_global_portfolio.001.png" width="720" height="540" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated bioisosteres pages</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2017-07-26T08:49:52+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/88afd60f955f6bb6304c4d358e00c1d8-281.html#unique-entry-id-281</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/88afd60f955f6bb6304c4d358e00c1d8-281.html#unique-entry-id-281</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" title="Bioisosteres">Bioisosteres</a> are an essential tool in the medicinal chemistry toolkit.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Bioisosteres are chemical substituents or groups with similar steric or electrostatic properties which produce broadly similar biological properties to another chemical compound.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Bioisosteres won't always give improved properties, and sometimes we find that a transformation that improves metabolic stability in one series might have the reverse effect in another. However they provide useful (literature precedented) starting points for structural transformations that allow exploration of structure activity relationships. Sometimes they yield similar activity but offer alternative structural vectors for exploration, sometimes they simply improve solubility.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="pyridazines" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/pyridazines.png" width="376" height="426" /></p>

<p>I've now updated the <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" title="Bioisosteres">bioisosteres</a> section of the <a href="../resources/" title="Drug Discovery Resources">Drug Discovery Resources</a> including new examples people have kindly sent to me.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>11th Biological and Medicinal Chemistry Postgraduate Symposium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2017-07-20T11:12:29+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/79e4fa25f8856958ebae203d21ed38ab-280.html#unique-entry-id-280</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/79e4fa25f8856958ebae203d21ed38ab-280.html#unique-entry-id-280</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Friday 8th December 2017, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge</p>

<p>Closing date for abstract submission is 15th September 2017</p>

<p>The Biological and Medicinal Chemistry Sector (BMCS) of the Royal Society of Chemistry will be hosting its <a href="http://www.rsc.org/events/detail/27122/11th-biological-and-medicinal-chemistry-symposium-for-postgraduates">11th postgraduate symposium for PhD students and postdoctoral workers researching in biological or medicinal chemistry and related areas</a>. The event will be held in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge on Friday 8th December 2017. Researchers working in these areas are invited to participate. Registration will start at 9:00 am with talks beginning at 10:00 am. The day will consist of 11 oral presentations (8 student and 3 keynote) plus a Flash Poster section. Each 20 minute student talk will be followed by 10 minutes for questions.</p>

<p>This is a fantastic meeting for anyone interested in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery, this event is FREE but all attendees should register as soon as possible and no later than the 1st December 2017.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment Based Screening</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2017-07-17T09:52:57+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1c908897038efd6c2c5a815232a3f3d1-279.html#unique-entry-id-279</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1c908897038efd6c2c5a815232a3f3d1-279.html#unique-entry-id-279</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've made a few updates to the fragment-based screening approach to drug discovery pages.</p>

<p><a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html" title="Fragment Based Screening">Fragment Based Screening</a></p>

<p>Added a little on strategies for following the initial leads and also updated the details on drugs in the clinic discovered using fragment-based approaches.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Source Malaria Molecules</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>OSM</category><category>Malaria</category><dc:date>2017-07-09T14:07:45+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c0543b419406d9e3eb6c6396a816012f-278.html#unique-entry-id-278</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c0543b419406d9e3eb6c6396a816012f-278.html#unique-entry-id-278</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://opensourcemalaria.github.io/NewSite/#">Open Source Malaria</a> (OSM) is aimed at finding new medicines for malaria using open source principles, embodied in the 6 Laws of Open Research. At the moment the majority of work involves the synthesis of analogs of compounds identified by big pharma, with the aim of improving their potency while making the molecules more "druggable", what is known as a "hit-to-lead" campaign.
Medicinal chemists should head to the project summary, then the individual compound series page. The most active series at the moment is Series 4.</p>

<p>One of the key aims is to make the work instantly accessible but at the moment persuading search engines to index SMILES/InChI is <a href="https://github.com/OpenSourceMalaria/OSM_To_Do_List/issues/511">proving a challenge</a>. As a temporary fix I'm posting all the details here with a link to the original online spreadsheet.</p>

<p>Index of Open Source molecules from <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Rvy6OiM291d1GN_cyT6eSw_C3lSuJ1jaR7AJa8hgGsc/edit#gid=510297618">https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Rvy6OiM291d1GN<em>cyT6eSw</em>C3lSuJ1jaR7AJa8hgGsc/edit#gid=510297618</a> 9 July 2017<br></p>

<p>Worth reading, InChI in the wild: an assessment of InChIKey searching in Google <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1758-2946-5-10">DOI</a></p>

<blockquote><p>OSM Number,Internal ID,PubChem CID,MMV ID,SMILES,InChI,IChI Key<br><br><br>OSM-A-1,,1233035,,O=C(/C(S/1)=C/C2=C(C)N(C(C)=C2)C3=CC=C(S(=O)(N)=O)C=C3)NC1=N\C4=CC=CC=C4,"InChI=1S/C22H20N4O3S2/c1-14-12-16(15(2)26(14)18-8-10-19(11-9-18)31(23,28)29)13-20-21(27)25-22(30-20)24-17-6-4-3-5-7-17/h3-13H,1-2H3,(H2,23,28,29)(H,24,25,27)/b20-13-",ODRSSOQWOHNABY-MOSHPQCFSA-N<br>OSM-A-10,,,,O=C([H])C1=C(C)N(C(C)=C1)C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C14H15NO2/c1-10-7-12(9-16)11(2)15(10)13-5-4-6-14(8-13)17-3/h4-9H,1-3H3",XTPVHYRCFNPCRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-A-11,,,,IC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C12H12IN/c1-9-3-4-10(2)14(9)12-7-5-11(13)6-8-12/h3-8H,1-2H3",CLGKGHWNVMDYQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-A-12,,,,IC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C([H])=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C13H12INO/c1-9-7-11(8-16)10(2)15(9)13-5-3-12(14)4-6-13/h3-8H,1-2H3",SSNYMKCLPCTDEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-A-2,,,,O=C(/C(S/1)=C/C2=C(C)N(C(C)=C2)C3=CC=C(C#N)C=C3)NC1=N\C4=CC=CC=C4,"InChI=1S/C23H18N4OS/c1-15-12-18(16(2)27(15)20-10-8-17(14-24)9-11-20)13-21-22(28)26-23(29-21)25-19-6-4-3-5-7-19/h3-13H,1-2H3,(H,25,26,28)/b21-13-",LXPLFPVISCVJSC-BKUYFWCQSA-N<br>OSM-A-3,,,,O=C(/C(S/1)=C/C2=C(C)N(C(C)=C2)C3=CC(OC)=CC=C3)NC1=N\C4=CC=CC=C4,"InChI=1S/C23H21N3O2S/c1-15-12-17(16(2)26(15)19-10-7-11-20(14-19)28-3)13-21-22(27)25-23(29-21)24-18-8-5-4-6-9-18/h4-14H,1-3H3,(H,24,25,27)/b21-13-",QRGVMORNNJFJKZ-BKUYFWCQSA-N<br>OSM-A-4,,,,O=C(/C(S/1)=C/C2=C(C)N(C(C)=C2)C3=CC=C(I)C=C3)NC1=N\C4=CC=CC=C4,"InChI=1S/C22H18IN3OS/c1-14-12-16(15(2)26(14)19-10-8-17(23)9-11-19)13-20-21(27)25-22(28-20)24-18-6-4-3-5-7-18/h3-13H,1-2H3,(H,24,25,27)/b20-13-",LZWDTKNFRNEIKZ-MOSHPQCFSA-N<br>OSM-A-5,,,,CC1=CC=C(C)N1C2=CC=C(S(=O)(N)=O)C=C2,"InChI=1S/C12H14N2O2S/c1-9-3-4-10(2)14(9)11-5-7-12(8-6-11)17(13,15)16/h3-8H,1-2H3,(H2,13,15,16)",STHWURXTZRCILS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-A-6,,,,O=C([H])C1=C(C)N(C(C)=C1)C2=CC=C(S(N)=O)C=C2,"InChI=1S/C13H14N2O2S/c1-9-7-11(8-16)10(2)15(9)12-3-5-13(6-4-12)18(14)17/h3-8H,14H2,1-2H3",JYZXFZAZSQBBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-A-7,,,,CC1=CC=C(C)N1C2=CC=C(C#N)C=C2,"InChI=1S/C13H12N2/c1-10-3-4-11(2)15(10)13-7-5-12(9-14)6-8-13/h3-8H,1-2H3",FNDFKQYZEDOHRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-A-8,,,,O=C([H])C1=C(C)N(C(C)=C1)C2=CC=C(C#N)C=C2,"InChI=1S/C14H12N2O/c1-10-7-13(9-17)11(2)16(10)14-5-3-12(8-15)4-6-14/h3-7,9H,1-2H3",AZYQCNIOZJETFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-A-9,,,,CC1=CC=C(C)N1C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C13H15NO/c1-10-7-8-11(2)14(10)12-5-4-6-13(9-12)15-3/h4-9H,1-3H3",GVGRVGMGPYDHOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-1,PT-1-10 ,57519183,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(S(N(C)CC(N)=O)(=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C15H18FN3O3S/c1-10-8-14(23(21,22)18(3)9-15(17)20)11(2)19(10)13-6-4-12(16)5-7-13/h4-8H,9H2,1-3H3,(H2,17,20)",KRDORFFFZGUMFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-10,PT-1-6; PT-1-7; PT-1-8; PT-1-9,,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(S(N(C)CC(OC)=O)(=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C16H19FN2O4S/c1-11-9-15(24(21,22)18(3)10-16(20)23-4)12(2)19(11)14-7-5-13(17)6-8-14/h5-9H,10H2,1-4H3",LIADENKDGVSTCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-11,PT-1-11,,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(S(N([H])CC(OC)=O)(=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C15H17FN2O4S/c1-10-8-14(23(20,21)17-9-15(19)22-3)11(2)18(10)13-6-4-12(16)5-7-13/h4-8,17H,9H2,1-3H3",MAMSLIRHTVGOCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-12,PT-1-4,,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1.[H][N+]3=CC=CC=C3,"InChI=1S/C12H12FNO3S.C5H5N/c1-8-7-12(18(15,16)17)9(2)14(8)11-5-3-10(13)4-6-11;1-2-4-6-5-3-1/h3-7H,1-2H3,(H,15,16,17);1-5H",GVWFBFKDWILLTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-13,PT-1-3,,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=C(S(N(CC(OC)=O)C)(=O)=O)C(S(N(C)CC(OC)=O)(=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C20H26FN3O8S2/c1-13-19(33(27,28)22(3)11-17(25)31-5)20(34(29,30)23(4)12-18(26)32-6)14(2)24(13)16-9-7-15(21)8-10-16/h7-10H,11-12H2,1-6H3",HLULFYCSKNZRBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-14,PT-1-13,10877131,,O=C(OC)COCC#C,"InChI=1S/C6H8O3/c1-3-4-9-5-6(7)8-2/h1H,4-5H2,2H3",AIQJXQPQNMKDGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-2,PT-1-12,,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(S(NCC(N)=O)(=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C14H16FN3O3S/c1-9-7-13(22(20,21)17-8-14(16)19)10(2)18(9)12-5-3-11(15)4-6-12/h3-7,17H,8H2,1-2H3,(H2,16,19)",RMHRPTFDPMUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-3,PT-1-5,,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=C(S(N(CC(N)=O)C)(=O)=O)C(S(N(C)CC(N)=O)(=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C18H24FN5O6S2/c1-11-17(31(27,28)22(3)9-15(20)25)18(32(29,30)23(4)10-16(21)26)12(2)24(11)14-7-5-13(19)6-8-14/h5-8H,9-10H2,1-4H3,(H2,20,25)(H2,21,26)",TZMPVBDMPWKREJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-4,PT-1-14-C1,,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=NC(COC(CBr)=O)=C2)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C11H9BrFN3O2/c12-5-11(17)18-7-9-6-16(15-14-9)10-3-1-8(13)2-4-10/h1-4,6H,5,7H2",UNGOTBWYUGGCJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-5,PT-1-14-C2,,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=NC(COCC(OCC)=O)=C2)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C13H14FN3O3/c1-2-20-13(18)9-19-8-11-7-17(16-15-11)12-5-3-10(14)4-6-12/h3-7H,2,8-9H2,1H3",OAQNGCWJHOFYIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-6,PT-1-14-C3,,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=NC(COCC(OC)=O)=C2)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C12H12FN3O3/c1-18-12(17)8-19-7-10-6-16(15-14-10)11-4-2-9(13)3-5-11/h2-6H,7-8H2,1H3",MXCBYXCXBDMCMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-7,PT-1-14-C4,,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=NC(COCC(OCC3=CN(C4=CC=C(F)C=C4)N=N3)=O)=C2)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C20H16F2N6O3/c21-14-1-5-18(6-2-14)27-9-16(23-25-27)11-30-13-20(29)31-12-17-10-28(26-24-17)19-7-3-15(22)4-8-19/h1-10H,11-13H2",CWJPLXSSRWVEAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-8,PT-1-15,,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=NC(COCC(N)=O)=C2)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C11H11FN4O2/c12-8-1-3-10(4-2-8)16-5-9(14-15-16)6-18-7-11(13)17/h1-5H,6-7H2,(H2,13,17)",XMSVYANCVZPQJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-E-9,PT-1-9; PMY54,,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C12H11ClFNO2S/c1-8-7-12(18(13,16)17)9(2)15(8)11-5-3-10(14)4-6-11/h3-7H,1-2H3",MZWDVJVLEJEILM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-L-1,SBBH-1-9,,,CC(N1C2=CC(F)=CC=C2)=CC(/C=C(C(N/3C4=CC=CC=C4)=O)\SC3=N/C5=CC=CC=C5)=C1C,"InChI=1S/C28H22FN3OS/c1-19-16-21(20(2)31(19)25-15-9-10-22(29)18-25)17-26-27(33)32(24-13-7-4-8-14-24)28(34-26)30-23-11-5-3-6-12-23/h3-18H,1-2H3/b26-17-,30-28-",URZLHIHAUACTCO-DUPRQXJUSA-N<br>OSM-L-2,SBHK-516,,,O=C(OCC#N)C1=C(C)N(N=C1)C2=CC=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C13H11N3O2/c1-10-12(13(17)18-8-7-14)9-15-16(10)11-5-3-2-4-6-11/h2-6,9H,8H2,1H3",LVOFSOINGBOZCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-1,PMY1; AEW1; PT1; MD22,3145454,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C12H12FN/c1-9-3-4-10(2)14(9)12-7-5-11(13)6-8-12/h3-8H,1-2H3",AIWFQKZWZOYVMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-10,PMY14-3-A; AEW80,1228983,MMV689017,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(/C=C3S/C(NC\3=O)=N\C4=CC=CC=C4)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C22H18FN3OS/c1-14-12-16(15(2)26(14)19-10-8-17(23)9-11-19)13-20-21(27)25-22(28-20)24-18-6-4-3-5-7-18/h3-13H,1-2H3,(H,24,25,27)/b20-13-",IMCPBTMVWRMBHR-MOSHPQCFSA-N <br>OSM-S-100,AEW73; MD18,71450943,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(OC(C)C(O)=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C16H16FNO4/c1-9-8-14(16(21)22-11(3)15(19)20)10(2)18(9)13-6-4-12(17)5-7-13/h4-8,11H,1-3H3,(H,19,20)",CLQCMRDHQCCPEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-101,PMY59,71459966,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C3=NC(C(O)=O)=CO3)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C16H13FN2O3/c1-9-7-13(15-18-14(8-22-15)16(20)21)10(2)19(9)12-5-3-11(17)4-6-12/h3-8H,1-2H3,(H,20,21)",PZPDUGQJGPKVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-102,MNR53,71461679,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(CCC(NC)=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C17H19FN2O2/c1-11-10-15(16(21)8-9-17(22)19-3)12(2)20(11)14-6-4-13(18)5-7-14/h4-7,10H,8-9H2,1-3H3,(H,19,22)",NTSUYUWERKMXIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-103,MNR54,71452751,,CC(N1C2=CC=C(F)C=C2)=C(C(CCC(N)=O)=O)C=C1C,"InChI=1S/C16H17FN2O2/c1-10-9-14(15(20)7-8-16(18)21)11(2)19(10)13-5-3-12(17)4-6-13/h3-6,9H,7-8H2,1-2H3,(H2,18,21)",IUFWRPRMBNNROV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-104,MNR55,71450944,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=CC(C3=NC(C(O)=O)=CO3)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C14H10FN3O3/c1-8-11(13-17-12(7-21-13)14(19)20)6-16-18(8)10-4-2-9(15)3-5-10/h2-7H,1H3,(H,19,20)",WPAXFMQFJQZBFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-105,MNR56,57519185,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=CC(C3=NC(C(N)=O)=CO3)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C14H11FN4O2/c1-8-11(14-18-12(7-21-14)13(16)20)6-17-19(8)10-4-2-9(15)3-5-10/h2-7H,1H3,(H2,16,20)",JODCOGVLCRBBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-106,,44528665,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3=CC(S(N)(=O)=O)=CC=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C12H10N4O2S2/c13-12-11-9(15-6-16-12)5-10(19-11)7-2-1-3-8(4-7)20(14,17)18/h1-6H,(H2,13,15,16)(H2,14,17,18)",MQMXDJVOZKMSNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-107,,,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1CN(CC2)CCN2C3=C4C(C=CS4)=NC=N3,"InChI=1S/C17H17FN4S/c18-14-3-1-13(2-4-14)11-21-6-8-22(9-7-21)17-16-15(5-10-23-16)19-12-20-17/h1-5,10,12H,6-9,11H2",HYCIFMXWGMZZSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-108,AEW34,,,O=C(/C(S/1)=C/C2=C(C)NC(C)=C2)NC1=N\C3=CC=CC=C3,"InChI=1S/C16H15N3OS/c1-10-8-12(11(2)17-10)9-14-15(20)19-16(21-14)18-13-6-4-3-5-7-13/h3-9,17H,1-2H3,(H,18,19,20)/b14-9-",RARJKBCELXYZBB-ZROIWOOFSA-N<br>OSM-S-109,MNR82,,,O=C(/C(S/1)=C/C2=C(C)N(C3=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C3)C(C)=C2)NC1=N\C4=CC=CC=C4,"InChI=1S/C22H18N4O3S/c1-14-12-16(15(2)25(14)18-8-10-19(11-9-18)26(28)29)13-20-21(27)24-22(30-20)23-17-6-4-3-5-7-17/h3-13H,1-2H3,(H,23,24,27)/b20-13-",CHHZBZWZMLCOEW-MOSHPQCFSA-N<br>OSM-S-11,PMY15; PMY18; AEW3; MNR97,894104,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=C(CO)C=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C13H14FNO/c1-9-7-11(8-16)10(2)15(9)13-5-3-12(14)4-6-13/h3-7,16H,8H2,1-2H3",RXDPKDMALDFFCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-110,MNR83,,,O=C(/C(S/1)=C/C2=C(C)N(C3=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C3)C(C)=C2)NC1=N\C4=CC(O)=CC=C4,"InChI=1S/C22H18N4O4S/c1-13-10-15(14(2)25(13)17-6-8-18(9-7-17)26(29)30)11-20-21(28)24-22(31-20)23-16-4-3-5-19(27)12-16/h3-12,27H,1-2H3,(H,23,24,28)/b20-11-",NAHYEQMJTBIJRP-JAIQZWGSSA-N<br>OSM-S-111,MNR84,,,O=C(/C(S/1)=C/C2=C(C)N(C3=CC=C(OC)C=C3)C(C)=C2)NC1=N\C4=CC=CC=C4,"InChI=1S/C23H21N3O2S/c1-15-13-17(16(2)26(15)19-9-11-20(28-3)12-10-19)14-21-22(27)25-23(29-21)24-18-7-5-4-6-8-18/h4-14H,1-3H3,(H,24,25,27)/b21-14-",KXIVXNPEYYNDHE-STZFKDTASA-N<br>OSM-S-112,MNR85,,,O=C(/C(S/1)=C/C2=C(C)N(C3=CC=C(OC)C=C3)C(C)=C2)NC1=N\C4=CC(O)=CC=C4,"InChI=1S/C23H21N3O3S/c1-14-11-16(15(2)26(14)18-7-9-20(29-3)10-8-18)12-21-22(28)25-23(30-21)24-17-5-4-6-19(27)13-17/h4-13,27H,1-3H3,(H,24,25,28)/b21-12-",RTYHWQWUZGEAOW-MTJSOVHGSA-N<br>OSM-S-113,MNR92,,,O=C(/C(S/1)=C/C2=C(C)N(C3=CC=CC=N3)C(C)=C2)NC1=N\C4=CC=C(O)C=C4,"InChI=1S/C21H18N4O2S/c1-13-11-15(14(2)25(13)19-5-3-4-10-22-19)12-18-20(27)24-21(28-18)23-16-6-8-17(26)9-7-16/h3-12,26H,1-2H3,(H,23,24,27)/b18-12-",QZBWTSAVUQHJPY-PDGQHHTCSA-N<br>OSM-S-114,MNR94,,,O=C(/C(S/1)=C/C2=C(C)N(C3=CC=CC=C3)C(C)=C2)NC1=N\C4=CC(O)=CC=C4,"InChI=1S/C22H19N3O2S/c1-14-11-16(15(2)25(14)18-8-4-3-5-9-18)12-20-21(27)24-22(28-20)23-17-7-6-10-19(26)13-17/h3-13,26H,1-2H3,(H,23,24,27)/b20-12-",ASANPQFHMMSZFH-NDENLUEZSA-N<br>OSM-S-115,MNR95,,,O=C(/C(S/1)=C/C2=C(C)N(C3=CC=CC=C3)C(C)=C2)NC1=N\C4=CC=C(O)C=C4,"InChI=1S/C22H19N3O2S/c1-14-12-16(15(2)25(14)18-6-4-3-5-7-18)13-20-21(27)24-22(28-20)23-17-8-10-19(26)11-9-17/h3-13,26H,1-2H3,(H,23,24,27)/b20-13-",OIEJMTDGFAFKDZ-MOSHPQCFSA-N<br>OSM-S-116,AEW77,6915212,,CC(N1C2=CC=C(F)C=C2)=C(C(OC(C)C(N)=O)=O)C=C1C,"InChI=1S/C16H17FN2O3/c1-9-8-14(16(21)22-11(3)15(18)20)10(2)19(9)13-6-4-12(17)5-7-13/h4-8,11H,1-3H3,(H2,18,20)",JKLVGXNSTVWIID-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-117 (DUPLICATE OF OSM-S-64),,,,,,<br>OSM-S-118,,,,C12=NC=NC(C3=CC=CC=C3)=C1SC=C2,InChI=1S/C12H8N2S/c1-2-4-9(5-3-1)11-12-10(6-7-15-12)13-8-14-11/h1-8H,ROUKINVYJAEUCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-119,,,,BrC1=C(Br)C2=NC=NC(C3=CC=CC=C3)=C2S1,InChI=1S/C12H6Br2N2S/c13-8-10-11(17-12(8)14)9(15-6-16-10)7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-6H,MHSGERTZTNZZKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-12,PMY20,292955,,CC(N1C2=CC=CC=C2)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1C,"InChI=1S/C13H13NO2/c1-9-8-12(13(15)16)10(2)14(9)11-6-4-3-5-7-11/h3-8H,1-2H3,(H,15,16)",CIRVCSCFJALBOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-120,,,,BrC1=CC2=NC=NC(C3=CC=CC=C3)=C2S1,InChI=1S/C12H7BrN2S/c13-10-6-9-12(16-10)11(15-7-14-9)8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-7H,TUFQXFIDQNLCGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-121,,,,ClC1=C2C(C=C(Br)S2)=NC=N1,InChI=1S/C6H2BrClN2S/c7-4-1-3-5(11-4)6(8)10-2-9-3/h1-2H,RJKAKJGOZXERRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-122,,,,C12=NC=NC(C3=CC=CC=C3)=C1SC(C4=CC=CC=C4)=C2,InChI=1S/C18H12N2S/c1-3-7-13(8-4-1)16-11-15-18(21-16)17(20-12-19-15)14-9-5-2-6-10-14/h1-12H,QDXZKUSOZDDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-123,,,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3=CC=CC=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C12H9N3S/c13-12-11-9(14-7-15-12)6-10(16-11)8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-7H,(H2,13,14,15)",WQVHTLKGGYMXIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-124,,,,COC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=CC3=NC=NC(N4CCOCC4)=C3S2,"InChI=1S/C17H17N3O2S/c1-21-13-4-2-12(3-5-13)15-10-14-16(23-15)17(19-11-18-14)20-6-8-22-9-7-20/h2-5,10-11H,6-9H2,1H3",LPCKDTSEWUTBJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-125,,,,BrC1=CC2=NC=NC(N3CCOCC3)=C2S1,"InChI=1S/C10H10BrN3OS/c11-8-5-7-9(16-8)10(13-6-12-7)14-1-3-15-4-2-14/h5-6H,1-4H2",WUXPEHRGQLOSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-126,,,,C12=NC=NC(N3CCOCC3)=C1SC(C4=CC=CC=C4)=C2,"InChI=1S/C16H15N3OS/c1-2-4-12(5-3-1)14-10-13-15(21-14)16(18-11-17-13)19-6-8-20-9-7-19/h1-5,10-11H,6-9H2",LBOQIBFHJGJRTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-127,,,,NS(C1=CC(C2=CC3=NC=NC(N4CCOCC4)=C3S2)=CC=C1)(=O)=O,"InChI=1S/C16H16N4O3S2/c17-25(21,22)12-3-1-2-11(8-12)14-9-13-15(24-14)16(19-10-18-13)20-4-6-23-7-5-20/h1-3,8-10H,4-7H2,(H2,17,21,22)",MDGVTZLJAVLGJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-128,,,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C16H17N3S/c1-16(2,3)11-6-4-10(5-7-11)13-8-12-14(20-13)15(17)19-9-18-12/h4-9H,1-3H3,(H2,17,18,19)",KLCMSKCOVXKOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-129,,,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C12H10N4O2S2/c13-12-11-9(15-6-16-12)5-10(19-11)7-1-3-8(4-2-7)20(14,17)18/h1-6H,(H2,13,15,16)(H2,14,17,18)",NPCFGALHIPAZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-13,PMY21,757547,,CC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=C(C(O)=O)C=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C14H15NO2/c1-9-4-6-12(7-5-9)15-10(2)8-13(11(15)3)14(16)17/h4-8H,1-3H3,(H,16,17)",YNFCEUIZSXIFCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-130,,,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3=CC=C(C(N(C)C)=O)C=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C15H14N4OS/c1-19(2)15(20)10-5-3-9(4-6-10)12-7-11-13(21-12)14(16)18-8-17-11/h3-8H,1-2H3,(H2,16,17,18)",XJSSUNQWKKUSSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-131,,,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3=CC=C(OC)C=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C13H11N3OS/c1-17-9-4-2-8(3-5-9)11-6-10-12(18-11)13(14)16-7-15-10/h2-7H,1H3,(H2,14,15,16)",DRUQZXVTFOTIEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-132,,,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3=CC=C(C(N4CCOCC4)=O)C=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C17H16N4O2S/c18-16-15-13(19-10-20-16)9-14(24-15)11-1-3-12(4-2-11)17(22)21-5-7-23-8-6-21/h1-4,9-10H,5-8H2,(H2,18,19,20)",KOSDTDDFEYEHDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-133,,,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3=CC=CC(C(N(C)C)=O)=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C15H14N4OS/c1-19(2)15(20)10-5-3-4-9(6-10)12-7-11-13(21-12)14(16)18-8-17-11/h3-8H,1-2H3,(H2,16,17,18)",UZIAJWZVDQPKFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-134,,,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3=CC=C(C(N4CCN(C)CC4)=O)C=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C18H19N5OS/c1-22-6-8-23(9-7-22)18(24)13-4-2-12(3-5-13)15-10-14-16(25-15)17(19)21-11-20-14/h2-5,10-11H,6-9H2,1H3,(H2,19,20,21)",OUPUOWHKLRDGOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-135,,,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3=CC=CC(C(N)=O)=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C13H10N4OS/c14-12-11-9(16-6-17-12)5-10(19-11)7-2-1-3-8(4-7)13(15)18/h1-6H,(H2,15,18)(H2,14,16,17)",YWVZUIYPEKTRTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-136,,,,BrC1=CC2=NC=NC(N3CCN(CC4=CC=C(F)C=C4)CC3)=C2S1,"InChI=1S/C17H16BrFN4S/c18-15-9-14-16(24-15)17(21-11-20-14)23-7-5-22(6-8-23)10-12-1-3-13(19)4-2-12/h1-4,9,11H,5-8,10H2",DQEWYYDIDSUSJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-137,,,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1CN(CC2)CCN2C3=C4C(C=C(C5=CC=CC(S(N)(=O)=O)=C5)S4)=NC=N3,"InChI=1S/C23H22FN5O2S2/c24-18-6-4-16(5-7-18)14-28-8-10-29(11-9-28)23-22-20(26-15-27-23)13-21(32-22)17-2-1-3-19(12-17)33(25,30)31/h1-7,12-13,15H,8-11,14H2,(H2,25,30,31)",OWXZZWFFXSEZNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-138,MNR121,,,CC1=CC(/C=C(S/2)/C(NC2=N\C3=CC=CC=C3)=O)=C(C)N1C4=CC=C(N)C=C4,"InChI=1S/C22H20N4OS/c1-14-12-16(15(2)26(14)19-10-8-17(23)9-11-19)13-20-21(27)25-22(28-20)24-18-6-4-3-5-7-18/h3-13H,23H2,1-2H3,(H,24,25,27)/b20-13-",HRLJSVOIZGABSH-MOSHPQCFSA-N<br>OSM-S-139,,,,BrC1=CC2=NC=NC(N)=C2S1,"InChI=1S/C6H4BrN3S/c7-4-1-3-5(11-4)6(8)10-2-9-3/h1-2H,(H2,8,9,10)",VKZWSZNMIMJBJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-14,PMY22,18179364,,CC(N1C2=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C2)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1C,"InChI=1S/C14H12F3NO2/c1-8-7-12(13(19)20)9(2)18(8)11-5-3-10(4-6-11)14(15,16)17/h3-7H,1-2H3,(H,19,20)",LVAKCYJWXASSHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-140,,,,BrC1=CC2=NC=NC(NN)=C2S1,"InChI=1S/C6H5BrN4S/c7-4-1-3-5(12-4)6(11-8)10-2-9-3/h1-2H,8H2,(H,9,10,11)",KWCMTNUZOMHMJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-141,,,,CN(C)C1=C2C(C=CS2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C8H9N3S/c1-11(2)8-7-6(3-4-12-7)9-5-10-8/h3-5H,1-2H3",AXPZJYARDJLZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-142,,,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3=CC(C(N4CCN(C)CC4)=O)=CC=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C18H19N5OS/c1-22-5-7-23(8-6-22)18(24)13-4-2-3-12(9-13)15-10-14-16(25-15)17(19)21-11-20-14/h2-4,9-11H,5-8H2,1H3,(H2,19,20,21)",USHWEAINWXCOHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-143,,,,ClC1=C2C(C=C(C3=CC(S(N)(=O)=O)=CC=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C12H8ClN3O2S2/c13-12-11-9(15-6-16-12)5-10(19-11)7-2-1-3-8(4-7)20(14,17)18/h1-6H,(H2,14,17,18)",WDYQLTAMDQFUGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-144,,,,NS(C1=CC=CC(C2=CC3=NC=NC(OCCN(C)C)=C3S2)=C1)(=O)=O,"InChI=1S/C16H18N4O3S2/c1-20(2)6-7-23-16-15-13(18-10-19-16)9-14(24-15)11-4-3-5-12(8-11)25(17,21)22/h3-5,8-10H,6-7H2,1-2H3,(H2,17,21,22)",WBVWEEAUMTUSGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-145,,,,NS(C1=CC=CC(C2=CC3=NC=NC(N(C)C)=C3S2)=C1)(=O)=O,"InChI=1S/C14H14N4O2S2/c1-18(2)14-13-11(16-8-17-14)7-12(21-13)9-4-3-5-10(6-9)22(15,19)20/h3-8H,1-2H3,(H2,15,19,20)",CGTVWFYTOADSRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-146,,,,CC(C(C)(C)O1)(C)OB1C2=CC(S(NC(OC(C)(C)C)=O)(=O)=O)=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C17H26BNO6S/c1-15(2,3)23-14(20)19-26(21,22)13-10-8-9-12(11-13)18-24-16(4,5)17(6,7)25-18/h8-11H,1-7H3,(H,19,20)",MSQKEIBBVCULRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-147,,,,O=C(OC)C1=NC=CN=C1,"InChI=1S/C6H6N2O2/c1-10-6(9)5-4-7-2-3-8-5/h2-4H,1H3",TWIIRMSFZNYMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-148,,,,O=C(OC)C1=NC=C[N+]([O-])=C1,"InChI=1S/C6H6N2O3/c1-11-6(9)5-4-8(10)3-2-7-5/h2-4H,1H3",ZTAQCRRTNOJVIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-149,,,,O=C(OC)C1=NC(Cl)=CN=C1,"InChI=1S/C6H5ClN2O2/c1-11-6(10)4-2-8-3-5(7)9-4/h2-3H,1H3",MVVYUJFEXRODQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-15,PMY26,464,,O=C(C1=CC=CC=C1)NCC(O)=O,"InChI=1S/C9H9NO3/c11-8(12)6-10-9(13)7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5H,6H2,(H,10,13)(H,11,12)",QIAFMBKCNZACKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-150,,,,OC(C1=NC(Cl)=CN=C1)=O,"InChI=1S/C5H3ClN2O2/c6-4-2-7-1-3(8-4)5(9)10/h1-2H,(H,9,10)",KGGYMBKTQCLOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-151,,,,CC(C(C)(C)O1)(C)OB1C2=CC(S(N)(=O)=O)=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C12H18BNO4S/c1-11(2)12(3,4)18-13(17-11)9-6-5-7-10(8-9)19(14,15)16/h5-8H,1-4H3,(H2,14,15,16)",OHKKUZJVWWPUNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-152,,,,CC(C(C)(C)O1)(C)OB1C2=CC(S(NC)(=O)=O)=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C13H20BNO4S/c1-12(2)13(3,4)19-14(18-12)10-7-6-8-11(9-10)20(16,17)15-5/h6-9,15H,1-5H3",YIIPTCFKYOTDME-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-153,,,,CC(C(C)(C)O1)(C)OB1C2=CC(S(N(C)C)(=O)=O)=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C14H22BNO4S/c1-13(2)14(3,4)20-15(19-13)11-8-7-9-12(10-11)21(17,18)16(5)6/h7-10H,1-6H3",YFEWVSRTWWHXFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-154,,,,BrC1=CC(S(NC)(=O)=O)=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C7H8BrNO2S/c1-9-12(10,11)7-4-2-3-6(8)5-7/h2-5,9H,1H3",UVSNSICXRVZAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-155,,,,BrC1=CC(S(N(C)C)(=O)=O)=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C8H10BrNO2S/c1-10(2)13(11,12)8-5-3-4-7(9)6-8/h3-6H,1-2H3",RHBJVOGENJVLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-156,,,,CCOC(CCSCC(OCC)=O)=O,"InChI=1S/C9H16O4S/c1-3-12-8(10)5-6-14-7-9(11)13-4-2/h3-7H2,1-2H3",VKVGPGWOHFRXIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-157,,,,O=C(OCC)C1SCCC1,"InChI=1S/C7H12O2S/c1-2-9-7(8)6-4-3-5-10-6/h6H,2-5H2,1H3",VHDROBMEJHQSNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-158,,,,O=C(OC)C1=C(NC(C(F)(F)F)=O)C=CS1,"InChI=1S/C8H6F3NO3S/c1-15-6(13)5-4(2-3-16-5)12-7(14)8(9,10)11/h2-3H,1H3,(H,12,14)",CJNCTQZMIQZVQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-159,,,,IC1=CC2=NC=NC(N3CCOCC3)=C2S1,"InChI=1S/C10H10IN3OS/c11-8-5-7-9(16-8)10(13-6-12-7)14-1-3-15-4-2-14/h5-6H,1-4H2",UZWIPNXYAJRTAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-16,PMY27,54704,,O=C(NC1=C(C)N(C)N(C2=CC=CC=C2)C1=O)CNC(C3=CC=CC=C3)=O,"InChI=1S/C20H20N4O3/c1-14-18(20(27)24(23(14)2)16-11-7-4-8-12-16)22-17(25)13-21-19(26)15-9-5-3-6-10-15/h3-12H,13H2,1-2H3,(H,21,26)(H,22,25)",URWSDMBJVGVIQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-167,,,,BrC1=CC2=NC=NC(NC)=C2S1,"InChI=1S/C7H6BrN3S/c1-9-7-6-4(10-3-11-7)2-5(8)12-6/h2-3H,1H3,(H,9,10,11)",ICKALLHQGIOSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-168,,,,CNC1=C2C(C=CS2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C7H7N3S/c1-8-7-6-5(2-3-11-6)9-4-10-7/h2-4H,1H3,(H,8,9,10)",AZPMALJVBUIZFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-169,,,,CN(C)C1=C2C(C=C(Br)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C8H8BrN3S/c1-12(2)8-7-5(10-4-11-8)3-6(9)13-7/h3-4H,1-2H3",QWNQRCLDQDDVBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-17,PMY29; AEW63; AEW72; AEW64,57515636,,O=C(NC1=C(C)N(C)N(C2=CC=CC=C2)C1=O)CNC(OC(C)(C)C)=O,"InChI=1S/C18H24N4O4/c1-12-15(20-14(23)11-19-17(25)26-18(2,3)4)16(24)22(21(12)5)13-9-7-6-8-10-13/h6-10H,11H2,1-5H3,(H,19,25)(H,20,23)",MUHIYEGCMCBELD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-170,,,,BrC1=CC2=NC=NC(OCCN(C)C)=C2S1,"InChI=1S/C10H12BrN3OS/c1-14(2)3-4-15-10-9-7(12-6-13-10)5-8(11)16-9/h5-6H,3-4H2,1-2H3",SVRSGHTXGBHHFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-171,,,,O=C1C2=C(C=CS2)NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C6H4N2OS/c9-6-5-4(1-2-10-5)7-3-8-6/h1-3H,(H,7,8,9)",PZMKGWRBZNOIPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-172,,,,COC1=C2C(C=CS2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C7H6N2OS/c1-10-7-6-5(2-3-11-6)8-4-9-7/h2-4H,1H3",YDKUAOWCMDNAEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-173,,,,O=S(C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1)(N(C)C)=O,"InChI=1S/C8H10BrNO2S/c1-10(2)13(11,12)8-5-3-7(9)4-6-8/h3-6H,1-2H3",NQAUNPZZVCXYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-174,,,,CN(CC1)CCN1C2=C3C(C=CS3)=NC=N2,"InChI=1S/C11H14N4S/c1-14-3-5-15(6-4-14)11-10-9(2-7-16-10)12-8-13-11/h2,7-8H,3-6H2,1H3",UFWRIHSVBLJCSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-175,AEW 300-1,,MMV670944,O=C(NC1=CC=NC(C(F)(F)F)=C1)C2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H11F3N6O2/c19-14-7-11(5-6-23-14)24-17(28)13-8-22-9-15-25-26-16(27(13)15)10-1-3-12(4-2-10)29-18(20)21/h1-9,18H,(H,23,24,28)",UEOZBGRWGZEYED-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-176,INHERITED,,MMV668958,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NCC4=CC(Cl)=CC=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14ClF2N5O2/c21-14-3-1-2-12(8-14)9-25-19(29)16-10-24-11-17-26-27-18(28(16)17)13-4-6-15(7-5-13)30-20(22)23/h1-8,10-11,20H,9H2,(H,25,29)",YTUMNGGXAMTEHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-177,EGT 111-1,,MMV669000,O=C(N1CC(C=CC=C2)=C2C1)C3=CN=CC4=NN=C(C5=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C5)N43,"InChI=1S/C21H15F2N5O2/c22-21(23)30-16-7-5-13(6-8-16)19-26-25-18-10-24-9-17(28(18)19)20(29)27-11-14-3-1-2-4-15(14)12-27/h1-10,21H,11-12H2",ZTZAUSYERGBZNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-178,INHERITED,,MMV669001,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NCC4=CC=C(Cl)C=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14ClF2N5O2/c21-14-5-1-12(2-6-14)9-25-19(29)16-10-24-11-17-26-27-18(28(16)17)13-3-7-15(8-4-13)30-20(22)23/h1-8,10-11,20H,9H2,(H,25,29)",FLHAMBHOAHIIDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-179,INHERITED,,MMV669003,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NCC4CCOCC4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H19F2N5O3/c20-19(21)29-14-3-1-13(2-4-14)17-25-24-16-11-22-10-15(26(16)17)18(27)23-9-12-5-7-28-8-6-12/h1-4,10-12,19H,5-9H2,(H,23,27)",RKFIFNSJUCTPBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-18,PMY28; PMY30; AEW64,3073741,,NCC(NC1=C(C)N(C)N(C2=CC=CC=C2)C1=O)=O,"InChI=1S/C13H16N4O2/c1-9-12(15-11(18)8-14)13(19)17(16(9)2)10-6-4-3-5-7-10/h3-7H,8,14H2,1-2H3,(H,15,18)",CAOVTXITBPMFQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-180,INHERITED,,MMV669010,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(N4CCN(C5=NC=CC=C5)CC4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C23H22F2N8O2/c24-23(25)35-17-6-4-16(5-7-17)21-30-29-20-14-26-13-18(33(20)21)22(34)28-15-31-9-11-32(12-10-31)19-3-1-2-8-27-19/h1-8,13-14,23H,9-12,15H2,(H,28,34)",JSWJRHIWIVDMEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-181,INHERITED,,MMV669011,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NCCN4CCOCC4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H20F2N6O3/c20-19(21)30-14-3-1-13(2-4-14)17-25-24-16-12-22-11-15(27(16)17)18(28)23-5-6-26-7-9-29-10-8-26/h1-4,11-12,19H,5-10H2,(H,23,28)",LYBWZYLEKBKOOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-182,INHERITED,,MMV669022,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(N4CCCC4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C17H15F2N5O2/c18-17(19)26-12-5-3-11(4-6-12)15-22-21-14-10-20-9-13(24(14)15)16(25)23-7-1-2-8-23/h3-6,9-10,17H,1-2,7-8H2",HDIHMYGJUUDJKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-183,INHERITED,,MMV669104,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(N4CCCC4C5=CC=CC=C5)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C23H19F2N5O2/c24-23(25)32-17-10-8-16(9-11-17)21-28-27-20-14-26-13-19(30(20)21)22(31)29-12-4-7-18(29)15-5-2-1-3-6-15/h1-3,5-6,8-11,13-14,18,23H,4,7,12H2",VLZTZFFNDKJWSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-184,INHERITED,,MMV669023,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(N4CCN(S(C)(=O)=O)CC4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H18F2N6O4S/c1-31(28,29)25-8-6-24(7-9-25)17(27)14-10-21-11-15-22-23-16(26(14)15)12-2-4-13(5-3-12)30-18(19)20/h2-5,10-11,18H,6-9H2,1H3",NZXJIDBDCVXJFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-185,INHERITED,,MMV669020,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(N4CCOCC4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C17H15F2N5O3/c18-17(19)27-12-3-1-11(2-4-12)15-22-21-14-10-20-9-13(24(14)15)16(25)23-5-7-26-8-6-23/h1-4,9-10,17H,5-8H2",LFRCBCKOIXZMLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-186,INHERITED,,MMV669024,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(N[C@H](C)C4=CC=CC=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H17F2N5O2/c1-13(14-5-3-2-4-6-14)25-20(29)17-11-24-12-18-26-27-19(28(17)18)15-7-9-16(10-8-15)30-21(22)23/h2-13,21H,1H3,(H,25,29)/t13-/m1/s1",MLKRVCDSVIMHCB-CYBMUJFWSA-N<br>OSM-S-187,,,,N#CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H15N5O/c21-12-16-6-8-17(9-7-16)20-24-23-18-13-22-14-19(25(18)20)26-11-10-15-4-2-1-3-5-15/h1-9,13-14H,10-11H2",ZUPHNBXHMXOSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-188,JU 9-1,,,N#CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(SCCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H15N5S/c21-12-16-6-8-17(9-7-16)20-24-23-18-13-22-14-19(25(18)20)26-11-10-15-4-2-1-3-5-15/h1-9,13-14H,10-11H2",UNOPMJXTFSQGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-189,JU 10-1,,MMV639725,N#CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4Cl)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14ClN5O/c21-17-4-2-1-3-15(17)9-10-27-19-13-23-12-18-24-25-20(26(18)19)16-7-5-14(11-22)6-8-16/h1-8,12-13H,9-10H2",DQNFHRXLTAOFIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-19,PMY31; AEW59,57515637,,CC(N1C2=CC=C(F)C=C2)=CC(C(NCC(N)=O)=O)=C1C,"InChI=1S/C15H16FN3O2/c1-9-7-13(15(21)18-8-14(17)20)10(2)19(9)12-5-3-11(16)4-6-12/h3-7H,8H2,1-2H3,(H2,17,20)(H,18,21)",NNGDJLZNBQLHHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-190,JU 11-1,,,N#CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(NCCC4=CC(Cl)=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H15ClN6/c21-17-3-1-2-14(10-17)8-9-24-18-12-23-13-19-25-26-20(27(18)19)16-6-4-15(11-22)5-7-16/h1-7,10,12-13,24H,8-9H2",XDIXATSCLPARDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-191,JU 12-1,,,ClC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(NCCC4=CC(Cl)=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H15Cl2N5/c20-15-6-4-14(5-7-15)19-25-24-18-12-22-11-17(26(18)19)23-9-8-13-2-1-3-16(21)10-13/h1-7,10-12,23H,8-9H2",ADHKXMMCJCKELF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-192,PMY5; PMY9; AEW78,16770273,,OCC(NC1=C(C)N(C)N(C2=CC=CC=C2)C1=O)=O,"InChI=1S/C13H15N3O3/c1-9-12(14-11(18)8-17)13(19)16(15(9)2)10-6-4-3-5-7-10/h3-7,17H,8H2,1-2H3,(H,14,18)",PVJDMAYRZQJDCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-193,PMY7; AEW75,4460493,,O=C1COC(C)(C)O1,"InChI=1S/C5H8O3/c1-5(2)7-3-4(6)8-5/h3H2,1-2H3",JKUCOZWILDFXMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-194,,,,C12=CC=CC=C1C3=C(C4(CCN(CC5=CC=CC=C5)CC4)OCC3)N2,"InChI=1S/C22H24N2O/c1-2-6-17(7-3-1)16-24-13-11-22(12-14-24)21-19(10-15-25-22)18-8-4-5-9-20(18)23-21/h1-9,23H,10-16H2",ZZRXZXUKZZBHSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-195,,,,ClC1=C2C(C3(CCN(CC4=CC=CC=C4)CC3)OCC2)=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C20H22ClNO/c21-19-8-4-7-18-17(19)9-14-23-20(18)10-12-22(13-11-20)15-16-5-2-1-3-6-16/h1-8H,9-15H2",MMFIRWPCCHXYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-196,,,,COC1=C(OC)C=C(C2(CCN(CC3=CC=CC=C3)CC2)OCC4)C4=C1,"InChI=1S/C22H27NO3/c1-24-20-14-18-8-13-26-22(19(18)15-21(20)25-2)9-11-23(12-10-22)16-17-6-4-3-5-7-17/h3-7,14-15H,8-13,16H2,1-2H3",ADXUPDCQQACVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-197,,,,C12=CC=CC=C1C3=C(C4(CCNCC4)OCC3)[N]2,"InChI=1S/C15H17N2O/c1-2-4-13-11(3-1)12-5-10-18-15(14(12)17-13)6-8-16-9-7-15/h1-4,16H,5-10H2",SYDQFEZUKSJIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-198,,,,C1(C2(CCN(CC3=CC=CC=C3)CC2)OCC4)=C4C=CS1,"InChI=1S/C18H21NOS/c1-2-4-15(5-3-1)14-19-10-8-18(9-11-19)17-16(6-12-20-18)7-13-21-17/h1-5,7,13H,6,8-12,14H2",ZZQIGFUYNABBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-199,,,,C1(C(C=CC=C2)=C2[N]3)=C3C4(CCN(CC5=CC=C(OCCO6)C6=C5)CC4)OCC1,"InChI=1S/C24H25N2O3/c1-2-4-20-18(3-1)19-7-12-29-24(23(19)25-20)8-10-26(11-9-24)16-17-5-6-21-22(15-17)28-14-13-27-21/h1-6,15H,7-14,16H2",MQGOARLENPUGRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-2,PMY2; AEW2,951687,,CC1=CC(C=O)=C(C)N1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C13H12FNO/c1-9-7-11(8-16)10(2)15(9)13-5-3-12(14)4-6-13/h3-8H,1-2H3",COLPZCHNJIVKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-20,PMY32,57506927,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C13H11ClFNO/c1-8-7-12(13(14)17)9(2)16(8)11-5-3-10(15)4-6-11/h3-7H,1-2H3",PFYKYZUJWZEKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-200,,,,C12=CC=CC=C1C3=C(C4(CCN(CC5=CC=CC=C5)CC4)OCC3)S2,"InChI=1S/C22H23NOS/c1-2-6-17(7-3-1)16-23-13-11-22(12-14-23)21-19(10-15-24-22)18-8-4-5-9-20(18)25-21/h1-9H,10-16H2",BXTAXLWLFOLFKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-201,TM 9-2,,MMV675718,O=C(NC1=C(C)C(Cl)=CC=C1)C2=CN=CC(N23)=NN=C3C4=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C4,"InChI=1S/C20H14ClF2N5O2/c1-11-14(21)3-2-4-15(11)25-19(29)16-9-24-10-17-26-27-18(28(16)17)12-5-7-13(8-6-12)30-20(22)23/h2-10,20H,1H3,(H,25,29)",IVENWLQUYSRINV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-202,TM 14,,MMV669542,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NC4=CC=CC(Cl)=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H12ClF2N5O2/c20-12-2-1-3-13(8-12)24-18(28)15-9-23-10-16-25-26-17(27(15)16)11-4-6-14(7-5-11)29-19(21)22/h1-10,19H,(H,24,28)",AJGOFYWOTIIYLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-203,TM 13,,,ClC1=CC(NC(C(N23)=CN=CC2=NN=C3C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)=O)=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C19H11ClN6O/c20-14-2-1-3-15(8-14)23-19(27)16-10-22-11-17-24-25-18(26(16)17)13-6-4-12(9-21)5-7-13/h1-8,10-11H,(H,23,27)",YYVVJIHSHHKYPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-204,TM 19-2,,MMV675946,O=C(NC1=C(F)C(Cl)=CC=C1)C2=CN=CC(N23)=NN=C3C4=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C4,"InChI=1S/C19H11ClF3N5O2/c20-12-2-1-3-13(16(12)21)25-18(29)14-8-24-9-15-26-27-17(28(14)15)10-4-6-11(7-5-10)30-19(22)23/h1-9,19H,(H,25,29)",WBRLFZGDBUVKSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-205,TM 18-1,,,ClC1=C(F)C(NC(C(N23)=CN=CC2=NN=C3C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)=O)=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C19H10ClFN6O/c20-13-2-1-3-14(17(13)21)24-19(28)15-9-23-10-16-25-26-18(27(15)16)12-6-4-11(8-22)5-7-12/h1-7,9-10H,(H,24,28)",IDMCTWULSGGMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-206,AEW 120,,MMV675719,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NC4=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C4)=O)N32,InChI=1S/C21H11F8N5O2/c22-19(23)36-14-3-1-10(2-4-14)17-33-32-16-9-30-8-,GCJUFPUQPKTUOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-207,AEW 134-1,,,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(N4CC(C(F)=CC=C5)=C5C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H14F3N5O2/c22-16-3-1-2-13-10-28(11-15(13)16)20(30)17-8-25-9-18-26-27-19(29(17)18)12-4-6-14(7-5-12)31-21(23)24/h1-9,21H,10-11H2",WLABWHOTAUUXHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-208,AEW 145-1,,,FC(C=C1)=C(F)C=C1C(OC)COC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H15F2N5O2/c1-29-18(15-6-7-16(22)17(23)8-15)12-30-20-11-25-10-19-26-27-21(28(19)20)14-4-2-13(9-24)3-5-14/h2-8,10-11,18H,12H2,1H3",PERKBMZWWUEZNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-209,,,,C1(CCOC23CCN(CC4=CC=CC=C4)CC3)=C2C=CS1,"InChI=1S/C18H21NOS/c1-2-4-15(5-3-1)14-19-10-8-18(9-11-19)16-7-13-21-17(16)6-12-20-18/h1-5,7,13H,6,8-12,14H2",WRPOPKKINJVHKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-21,PMY34; AEW65,57515638,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(NCC(NC3=C(C)N(C)N(C4=CC=CC=C4)C3=O)=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C26H26FN5O3/c1-16-14-22(17(2)31(16)20-12-10-19(27)11-13-20)25(34)28-15-23(33)29-24-18(3)30(4)32(26(24)35)21-8-6-5-7-9-21/h5-14H,15H2,1-4H3,(H,28,34)(H,29,33)",RRYQCWKAZAVYJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-210,,,,C1(CCOC23CCN(CC4=CC(OCCO5)=C5C=C4)CC3)=C2C=CS1,"InChI=1S/C20H23NO3S/c1-2-17-18(23-11-10-22-17)13-15(1)14-21-7-5-20(6-8-21)16-4-12-25-19(16)3-9-24-20/h1-2,4,12-13H,3,5-11,14H2",NCRPMBWORFWNGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-211,,,,C1(CCOC23CCN(CC4=CC(OCO5)=C5C=C4)CC3)=C2C=CS1,"InChI=1S/C19H21NO3S/c1-2-16-17(22-13-21-16)11-14(1)12-20-7-5-19(6-8-20)15-4-10-24-18(15)3-9-23-19/h1-2,4,10-11H,3,5-9,12-13H2",ACOYQJHGMQYDJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-212,,,,ClC(C=C1)=CC=C1CN(CC2)CCC32C4=C(SC=C4)CCO3,"InChI=1S/C18H20ClNOS/c19-15-3-1-14(2-4-15)13-20-9-7-18(8-10-20)16-6-12-22-17(16)5-11-21-18/h1-4,6,12H,5,7-11,13H2",IKDZLARXTXDYSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-213,,,,O=C(C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1)N(CC2)CCC32C4=C(SC=C4)CCO3,"InChI=1S/C18H18BrNO2S/c19-14-3-1-13(2-4-14)17(21)20-9-7-18(8-10-20)15-6-12-23-16(15)5-11-22-18/h1-4,6,12H,5,7-11H2",NZVHUZGXLTUEBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-214,,,,CC1=C(C=C(C)N1C2=CC=C(F)C=C2)CN(CC3)CCC43C5=C(SC=C5)CCO4,"InChI=1S/C24H27FN2OS/c1-17-15-19(18(2)27(17)21-5-3-20(25)4-6-21)16-26-11-9-24(10-12-26)22-8-14-29-23(22)7-13-28-24/h3-6,8,14-15H,7,9-13,16H2,1-2H3",JOUHIYBEDRSIMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-215,,,,C1(CCOC23CCN(C4CCCCC4)CC3)=C2C=CS1,"InChI=1S/C17H25NOS/c1-2-4-14(5-3-1)18-10-8-17(9-11-18)15-7-13-20-16(15)6-12-19-17/h7,13-14H,1-6,8-12H2",XLYPXGDSQIIAGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-216,,,,O=C(C1=CC=CC=C1)N(CC2)CCC32C4=C(SC=C4)CCO3,"InChI=1S/C18H19NO2S/c20-17(14-4-2-1-3-5-14)19-10-8-18(9-11-19)15-7-13-22-16(15)6-12-21-18/h1-5,7,13H,6,8-12H2",IKDZLARXTXDYSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-217,,,,O=C(OCCCl)N(CC1)CCC21C3=C(SC=C3)CCO2,"InChI=1S/C14H18ClNO3S/c15-5-9-18-13(17)16-6-3-14(4-7-16)11-2-10-20-12(11)1-8-19-14/h2,10H,1,3-9H2",RXXGDCXYAFFODV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-218,AEW 313-1,,MMV669844/MMV897709,FC(C=C1)=C(F)C=C1C(OC)COC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H15F2N5O2/c1-29-18(15-6-7-16(22)17(23)8-15)12-30-20-11-25-10-19-26-27-21(28(19)20)14-4-2-13(9-24)3-5-14/h2-8,10-11,18H,12H2,1H3/t18-/m0/s1",<br>OSM-S-219,JU 3; AEW 97,,,ClC1=CN=CC2=NN=C(C3=CC=C(C#N)C=C3)N21,"InChI=1S/C12H6ClN5/c13-10-6-15-7-11-16-17-12(18(10)11)9-3-1-8(5-14)2-4-9/h1-4,6-7H",IXZMOLDGRAEJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-22,PMY42,52440675,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(N)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C13H13FN2O/c1-8-7-12(13(15)17)9(2)16(8)11-5-3-10(14)4-6-11/h3-7H,1-2H3,(H2,15,17)",PVWNZUQYNDFAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-220,JU 8; CCS 2-1,,,ClC1=CN=CC2=NN=C(C3=CC=C(Cl)C=C3)N21,InChI=1S/C11H6Cl2N4/c12-8-3-1-7(2-4-8)11-16-15-10-6-14-5-9(13)17(10)11/h1-6H,VCWFDFYRPOTNNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-222,AEW 103,,,COC(C(O)C1=CC(F)=C(F)C=C1)=O,"InChI=1S/C9H8F2O3/c1-14-9(13)8(12)5-2-3-6(10)7(11)4-5/h2-4,8,12H,1H3",FSNBVAIULMGGMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-226,AEW 94-1,,,C[Si](C)(OC(C1=CC(F)=C(F)C=C1)C#N)C,"InChI=1S/C11H13F2NOSi/c1-16(2,3)15-11(7-14)8-4-5-9(12)10(13)6-8/h4-6,11H,1-3H3",ZAXNXBJYTHDLNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-227,TM 3,,,CC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1NC(C2=NC(Cl)=CN=C2)=O,"InChI=1S/C12H9Cl2N3O/c1-7-8(13)3-2-4-9(7)17-12(18)10-5-15-6-11(14)16-10/h2-6H,1H3,(H,17,18)",XUNQSXQSMQZCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-228,TM 20-1,,,ClC1=C(F)C(NC(C2=NC(Cl)=CN=C2)=O)=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C11H6Cl2FN3O/c12-6-2-1-3-7(10(6)14)17-11(18)8-4-15-5-9(13)16-8/h1-5H,(H,17,18)",JMFWWNDHJIICEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-229,TM 21-1,,,CC1=C(NC(C2=NC(Cl)=CN=C2)=O)C=C(Cl)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C12H9Cl2N3O/c1-7-2-3-8(13)4-9(7)17-12(18)10-5-15-6-11(14)16-10/h2-6H,1H3,(H,17,18)",IQKLDOUABSLOBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-230,TM 8,,,ClC1=CC(NC(C2=CN=CC(NN)=N2)=O)=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C11H10ClN5O/c12-7-2-1-3-8(4-7)15-11(18)9-5-14-6-10(16-9)17-13/h1-6H,13H2,(H,15,18)(H,16,17)",SPRQPGUTUUOBSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-23,PMY43; SBHK486,96680,,CC1=C(C(OCC)=O)C=NN1C2=CC=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C13H14N2O2/c1-3-17-13(16)12-9-14-15(10(12)2)11-7-5-4-6-8-11/h4-9H,3H2,1-2H3",XYIOIOHRWLZCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-236,PMY37; AEW4; AEW23,57519182,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(COCC(N)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C15H17FN2O2/c1-10-7-12(8-20-9-15(17)19)11(2)18(10)14-5-3-13(16)4-6-14/h3-7H,8-9H2,1-2H3,(H2,17,19)",UFAJOCCDASJXPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-24,PMY44; SBHK489,145221,,CC1=C(C(O)=O)C=NN1C2=CC=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C11H10N2O2/c1-8-10(11(14)15)7-12-13(8)9-5-3-2-4-6-9/h2-7H,1H3,(H,14,15)",USSMIQWDLWJQDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-241,MJT2; MNR49,3654436,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=CC(C(OCC)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C13H13FN2O2/c1-3-18-13(17)12-8-15-16(9(12)2)11-6-4-10(14)5-7-11/h4-8H,3H2,1-2H3",JYHUUEYONFRPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-242,MJT3; MNR50,4270263,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=CC(C(O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C11H9FN2O2/c1-7-10(11(15)16)6-13-14(7)9-4-2-8(12)3-5-9/h2-6H,1H3,(H,15,16)",KBQWFOMDKNVSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-243,PMY63,688689,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=CC(C(OCC)=O)=C2N)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C12H12FN3O2/c1-2-18-12(17)10-7-15-16(11(10)14)9-5-3-8(13)4-6-9/h3-7H,2,14H2,1H3",RPPPCKSHIYWAPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-244,PMY64,14994516,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=CC(C(OCC)=O)=C2)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C12H11FN2O2/c1-2-17-12(16)9-7-14-15(8-9)11-5-3-10(13)4-6-11/h3-8H,2H2,1H3",MEUROLLIWZOVNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-245,PMY65,3159617,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=CC(C(O)=O)=C2)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C10H7FN2O2/c11-8-1-3-9(4-2-8)13-6-7(5-12-13)10(14)15/h1-6H,(H,14,15)",VHGLETHNIUVDGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-246,PMY60; PMY62; MNR62,57519180,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C3=NC(C(N)=O)=CO3)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C16H14FN3O2/c1-9-7-13(16-19-14(8-22-16)15(18)21)10(2)20(9)12-5-3-11(17)4-6-12/h3-8H,1-2H3,(H2,18,21)",WNDROPYDFOUQKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-247,PMY45,57506926,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C3=NC(C(OCC)=O)=CO3)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C18H17FN2O3/c1-4-23-18(22)16-10-24-17(20-16)15-9-11(2)21(12(15)3)14-7-5-13(19)6-8-14/h5-10H,4H2,1-3H3",RFFSPTHAPOPEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-248,PMY62,,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C3=NC(C(N)=O)CO3)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C16H16FN3O2/c1-9-7-13(16-19-14(8-22-16)15(18)21)10(2)20(9)12-5-3-11(17)4-6-12/h3-7,14H,8H2,1-2H3,(H2,18,21)",MGUMGJAQHDKXDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-249,PMY61,,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(N(C(C(N)=O)CO)[H])=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C16H18FN3O3/c1-9-7-13(16(23)19-14(8-21)15(18)22)10(2)20(9)12-5-3-11(17)4-6-12/h3-7,14,21H,8H2,1-2H3,(H2,18,22)(H,19,23)",QKIMCWGLBIDDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-25,LMW1; AEW44,66518,,CC1=CC=C(C)N1C2=CC=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C12H13N/c1-10-8-9-11(2)13(10)12-6-4-3-5-7-12/h3-9H,1-2H3",JNXIFVSGXLGULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-250,MJT5,,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=CC(C(N(C(C(OC)=O)CO)[H])=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C15H16FN3O4/c1-9-12(14(21)18-13(8-20)15(22)23-2)7-17-19(9)11-5-3-10(16)4-6-11/h3-7,13,20H,8H2,1-2H3,(H,18,21)",IFUMWRUBRMGAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-251,MJT4,,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=CC(C(N(C(C(N)=O)CO)[H])=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C14H15FN4O3/c1-8-11(14(22)18-12(7-20)13(16)21)6-17-19(8)10-4-2-9(15)3-5-10/h2-6,12,20H,7H2,1H3,(H2,16,21)(H,18,22)",SYXYTYKMKDLUFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-252,MJT1,,,CC1=C(C(N(C(C(OC)=O)CO)[H])=O)C=NN1C2=CC=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C15H17N3O4/c1-10-12(14(20)17-13(9-19)15(21)22-2)8-16-18(10)11-6-4-3-5-7-11/h3-8,13,19H,9H2,1-2H3,(H,17,20)",MUYSFMFAFVZIPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-253,MNR67,90957910,,O=C(OCC)C1=CN(C=C1)C2=CC=C(F)C=C2,"InChI=1S/C13H12FNO2/c1-2-17-13(16)10-7-8-15(9-10)12-5-3-11(14)4-6-12/h3-9H,2H2,1H3",KJIGTOSWXXKBEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-254,TM 26-1,,MMV675947,O=C(NC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C)C2=CN=CC(N23)=NN=C3C4=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C4,"InChI=1S/C20H14ClF2N5O2/c1-11-2-5-13(21)8-15(11)25-19(29)16-9-24-10-17-26-27-18(28(16)17)12-3-6-14(7-4-12)30-20(22)23/h2-10,20H,1H3,(H,25,29)",QKXZFYOMVFGRGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-255,TM 31-1,,MMV675950,O=C(NC1=C(C)C(Cl)=CC=C1)C2=CN=CC(N23)=NN=C3C4=CC=C(OC)C=C4,"InChI=1S/C20H16ClN5O2/c1-12-15(21)4-3-5-16(12)23-20(27)17-10-22-11-18-24-25-19(26(17)18)13-6-8-14(28-2)9-7-13/h3-11H,1-2H3,(H,23,27)",LIAWHOKMZQICES-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-256,TM 32-1,,MMV675951,O=C(NC1=C(F)C(Cl)=CC=C1)C2=CN=CC(N23)=NN=C3C4=CC=C(OC)C=C4,"InChI=1S/C19H13ClFN5O2/c1-28-12-7-5-11(6-8-12)18-25-24-16-10-22-9-15(26(16)18)19(27)23-14-4-2-3-13(20)17(14)21/h2-10H,1H3,(H,23,27)",FWGBPGUTIFKBOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-257,TM 33-1,,MMV675952,O=C(NC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C)C2=CN=CC(N23)=NN=C3C4=CC=C(OC)C=C4,"InChI=1S/C20H16ClN5O2/c1-12-3-6-14(21)9-16(12)23-20(27)17-10-22-11-18-24-25-19(26(17)18)13-4-7-15(28-2)8-5-13/h3-11H,1-2H3,(H,23,27)",NFXWTMUWMZSIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-258,JU 15,,MMV675949,ClC1=CC=CC=C1CCOC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=NC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H14ClN5O/c19-15-4-2-1-3-13(15)7-10-25-17-12-21-11-16-22-23-18(24(16)17)14-5-8-20-9-6-14/h1-6,8-9,11-12H,7,10H2",ONSVYVKJKRCBFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-259,JU 17-1,,MMV675959,ClC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC4=CC=C(F)C(F)=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H11ClF2N4O/c19-13-4-2-12(3-5-13)18-24-23-16-8-22-9-17(25(16)18)26-10-11-1-6-14(20)15(21)7-11/h1-9H,10H2",RFVLCVGXWWXLGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-26,LMW2,1908543,,CC1=CC=C(C)N1C2=CC=C(C)C=C2,"InChI=1S/C13H15N/c1-10-4-8-13(9-5-10)14-11(2)6-7-12(14)3/h4-9H,1-3H3",SWIUPUUNVWDJED-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-260,JU 22-1,,MMV675960,FC1=C(F)C=CC(CCOC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C4)N32)=C1,"InChI=1S/C20H14F4N4O2/c21-15-6-1-12(9-16(15)22)7-8-29-18-11-25-10-17-26-27-19(28(17)18)13-2-4-14(5-3-13)30-20(23)24/h1-6,9-11,20H,7-8H2",DEEWBVYNQGALDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-261,JU 23-1,,,ClC1=CC=C(C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC[C@H](N)CC4=CC=CC=C4)N32)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C20H18ClN5O/c21-16-8-6-15(7-9-16)20-25-24-18-11-23-12-19(26(18)20)27-13-17(22)10-14-4-2-1-3-5-14/h1-9,11-12,17H,10,13,22H2/t17-/m1/s1",IDYMXWVLOCEAKY-QGZVFWFLSA-N<br>OSM-S-262,TM 45-1,,MMV675961,O=C(NC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1)C2=CN=CC(N23)=NN=C3C4=NC=CC=C4,"InChI=1S/C17H11ClN6O/c18-11-4-3-5-12(8-11)21-17(25)14-9-19-10-15-22-23-16(24(14)15)13-6-1-2-7-20-13/h1-10H,(H,21,25)",GCBSUHZLELOHDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-263,TM 46-1,,MMV675962,O=C(NC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1)C2=CN=CC(N23)=NN=C3C4=CN=CC=C4,"InChI=1S/C17H11ClN6O/c18-12-4-1-5-13(7-12)21-17(25)14-9-20-10-15-22-23-16(24(14)15)11-3-2-6-19-8-11/h1-10H,(H,21,25)",AQSNHWMTHMLNFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-264,TM 47-1,,,ClC1=CC(NC(C(N23)=CN=CC2=NN=C3C4=CC=NC=C4)=O)=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C17H11ClN6O/c18-12-2-1-3-13(8-12)21-17(25)14-9-20-10-15-22-23-16(24(14)15)11-4-6-19-7-5-11/h1-10H,(H,21,25)",OHGFCSWBHYTMRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-265,AEW 191-1,,MMV675948,N#CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3N2C(OCC(OC)C4=CC=CC=C4)=CN=C3,"InChI=1S/C21H17N5O2/c1-27-18(16-5-3-2-4-6-16)14-28-20-13-23-12-19-24-25-21(26(19)20)17-9-7-15(11-22)8-10-17/h2-10,12-13,18H,14H2,1H3",QAGSTSUWCMAMBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-266,AEW13; AEW14; AEW17,2349400,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(NN)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C13H14FN3O/c1-8-7-12(13(18)16-15)9(2)17(8)11-5-3-10(14)4-6-11/h3-7H,15H2,1-2H3,(H,16,18)",WKYACYFAJSKXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-267,AEW15,,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(NNC(C)=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C15H16FN3O2/c1-9-8-14(15(21)18-17-11(3)20)10(2)19(9)13-6-4-12(16)5-7-13/h4-8H,1-3H3,(H,17,20)(H,18,21)",YVXPWUQSCIIYMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-268,AEW24,,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(NNC(C(OC)=O)=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C16H16FN3O4/c1-9-8-13(14(21)18-19-15(22)16(23)24-3)10(2)20(9)12-6-4-11(17)5-7-12/h4-8H,1-3H3,(H,18,21)(H,19,22)",GWWXOFBSHPNTFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-269,AEW25; AEW27,,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C3=NN=C(C(OC)=O)O3)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C16H14FN3O3/c1-9-8-13(14-18-19-15(23-14)16(21)22-3)10(2)20(9)12-6-4-11(17)5-7-12/h4-8H,1-3H3",KCLKHKVKELEMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-27,LMW3,2737125,,CC1=CC=C(C)N1C2=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C2,"InChI=1S/C13H12F3N/c1-9-3-4-10(2)17(9)12-7-5-11(6-8-12)13(14,15)16/h3-8H,1-2H3",UWHVRMCDWMXTOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-270,TM 54-1,,,COC1=CC=C(C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(N32)C(NC4=CC=CC(Cl)=C4)=O)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C19H14ClN5O2/c1-27-15-7-5-12(6-8-15)18-24-23-17-11-21-10-16(25(17)18)19(26)22-14-4-2-3-13(20)9-14/h2-11H,1H3,(H,22,26)",PVPGYERJOUVPIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-271,TM 55-1,,MMV675963,O=C(NC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1)C2=CN=CC(N23)=NN=C3C4=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C4,"InChI=1S/C19H11ClF3N5O2/c20-12-2-1-3-13(8-12)25-18(29)15-9-24-10-16-26-27-17(28(15)16)11-4-6-14(7-5-11)30-19(21,22)23/h1-10H,(H,25,29)",KPPYAXXEDYTONY-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-272,AEW 302-1,,MMV639565,FC1=C(F)C=CC(CCOC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(Cl)C=C4)N32)=C1,"InChI=1S/C19H13ClF2N4O/c20-14-4-2-13(3-5-14)19-25-24-17-10-23-11-18(26(17)19)27-8-7-12-1-6-15(21)16(22)9-12/h1-6,9-11H,7-8H2",PMHUSEXABGDNGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-273,INHERITED,,MMV669846,ClC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=CN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14ClF2N3O/c21-15-4-2-14(3-5-15)18-10-25-19-11-24-12-20(26(18)19)27-8-7-13-1-6-16(22)17(23)9-13/h1-6,9-12H,7-8H2",MQHQNFQVEXYAMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-274,INHERITED,,MMV670250,ClC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NC=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14ClF2N3O/c21-15-4-2-14(3-5-15)20-25-11-16-10-24-12-19(26(16)20)27-8-7-13-1-6-17(22)18(23)9-13/h1-6,9-12H,7-8H2",JHORUMGXLQTHAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-275,AEW 237-1,,MMV688892,OC(COc2cncc3nnc(C1CCCCC1)n23)c4ccccc4,"InChI=1S/C19H22N4O2/c24-16(14-7-3-1-4-8-14)13-25-18-12-20-11-17-21-22-19(23(17)18)15-9-5-2-6-10-15/h1,3-4,7-8,11-12,15-16,24H,2,5-6,9-10,13H2  AuxInfo=1/0/N:23,14,22,24,13,15,21,25,12,16,3,1,17,19,10,18,4,6,9,2,7,8,5,20,11/E:(3,4)(5,6)(7,8)(9,10)/rA:25CNCCNCNNCCOCCCCCCCCOCCCCC/rB:s1;d2;s3;s4;d1s5;d4;s7;s5d8;s9;s6;s10;s12;s13;s14;s10s15;s11;s17;s18;V18;d19;s21;d22;s23;s19d24;/rC:378,-218,0;378,-73,0;504,0,0;630,-73,0;630,-218,0;504,-291,0;768,-28,0;853,-145,0;768,-263,0;813,-401,0;504,-436,0;955,-431,0;1000,-570,0;903,-678,0;761,-648,0;715,-509,0;378,-509,0;378,-654,0;252,-727,0;504,-727,0;252,-873,0;126,-945,0;0,-873,0;0,-727,0;126,-654,0;  ",LWDWZIVAQMSZHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-276,AEW 238-1,,MMV688893,OC(COc1cncc2nnc(CC)n12)c3ccccc3,"InChI=1S/C15H16N4O2/c1-2-13-17-18-14-8-16-9-15(19(13)14)21-10-12(20)11-6-4-3-5-7-11/h3-9,12,20H,2,10H2,1H3   AuxInfo=1/0/N:12,10,19,18,20,17,21,3,1,13,15,14,9,4,6,2,8,7,5,16,11/E:(4,5)(6,7)/rA:21CNCCNCNNCCOCCCCOCCCCC/rB:s1;d2;s3;s4;d1s5;d4;s7;s5d8;s9;s6;s10;s11;s13;s14;V14;d15;s17;d18;s19;s15d20;/rC:395,-228,0;395,-76,0;527,0,0;659,-76,0;659,-228,0;527,-305,0;804,-29,0;893,-152,0;804,-276,0;851,-420,0;527,-457,0;1000,-452,0;395,-533,0;395,-685,0;263,-761,0;527,-761,0;263,-914,0;131,-990,0;0,-914,0;0,-761,0;131,-685,0;",ZMELTVBBQIUHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-277,AEW 230-1,,MMV688894,OC(COc2cncc3nnc(c1ccccc1)n23)c4ccccc4,"InChI=1S/C19H16N4O2/c24-16(14-7-3-1-4-8-14)13-25-18-12-20-11-17-21-22-19(23(17)18)15-9-5-2-6-10-15/h1-12,16,24H,13H2 AuxInfo=1/0/N:23,14,22,24,13,15,21,25,12,16,3,1,17,19,10,18,4,6,9,2,7,8,5,20,11/E:(3,4)(5,6)(7,8)(9,10)/rA:25CNCCNCNNCCOCCCCCCCCOCCCCC/rB:s1;d2;s3;s4;d1s5;d4;s7;s5d8;s9;s6;d10;s12;d13;s14;s10d15;s11;s17;s18;V18;d19;s21;d22;s23;s19d24;/rC:378,-218,0;378,-73,0;504,0,0;630,-73,0;630,-218,0;504,-291,0;768,-28,0;853,-145,0;768,-263,0;813,-401,0;504,-436,0;955,-431,0;1000,-570,0;903,-678,0;761,-648,0;715,-509,0;378,-509,0;378,-654,0;252,-727,0;504,-727,0;252,-873,0;126,-945,0;0,-873,0;0,-727,0;126,-654,0; ",HQWUAOFYEUBLBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-278,EGT 137-1,,MMV688895,OC(C1=CC=CC=C1)COC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CN=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H14F3N5O2/c20-19(21,22)15-7-6-13(8-24-15)18-26-25-16-9-23-10-17(27(16)18)29-11-14(28)12-4-2-1-3-5-12/h1-10,14,28H,11H2 AuxInfo=1/0/N:23,22,24,21,25,16,15,12,3,1,17,19,10,18,14,4,6,9,26,27,28,29,2,13,7,8,5,20,11/E:(2,3)(4,5)(20,21,22)/rA:29CNCCNCNNCCOCNCCCCCCOCCCCCCFFF/rB:s1;d2;s3;s4;d1s5;d4;s7;s5d8;s9;s6;d10;s12;d13;s14;s10d15;s11;s17;s18;V18;d19;s21;d22;s23;s19d24;s14;s26;s26;s26;/rC:348,-201,0;348,-67,0;464,0,0;580,-67,0;580,-201,0;464,-268,0;707,-25,0;786,-134,0;707,-242,0;749,-370,0;464,-402,0;880,-397,0;921,-525,0;832,-625,0;700,-596,0;659,-469,0;348,-469,0;348,-603,0;232,-670,0;464,-670,0;232,-804,0;116,-871,0;0,-804,0;0,-670,0;116,-603,0;873,-752,0;914,-879,0;1000,-711,0;746,-793,0; ",YUTTVQUFLHMVCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-279,AEW 236-1; EGT 119-2,,MMV688896,OC(C1=CC=CC=C1)COC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H16F2N4O3/c21-20(22)29-15-8-6-14(7-9-15)19-25-24-17-10-23-11-18(26(17)19)28-12-16(27)13-4-2-1-3-5-13/h1-11,16,20,27H,12H2 AuxInfo=1/0/N:23,22,24,21,25,12,16,13,15,3,1,17,19,10,14,18,4,6,9,27,28,29,2,7,8,5,20,11,26/E:(2,3)(4,5)(6,7)(8,9)(21,22)/rA:29CNCCNCNNCCOCCCCCCCCOCCCCCOCFF/rB:s1;d2;s3;s4;d1s5;d4;s7;s5d8;s9;s6;d10;s12;d13;s14;s10d15;s11;s17;s18;V18;d19;s21;d22;s23;s19d24;s14;s26;s27;s27;/rC:355,-205,0;355,-68,0;474,0,0;593,-68,0;593,-205,0;474,-274,0;723,-26,0;803,-137,0;723,-248,0;765,-378,0;474,-411,0;899,-406,0;941,-536,0;849,-638,0;716,-609,0;673,-479,0;355,-479,0;355,-616,0;237,-684,0;474,-684,0;237,-821,0;119,-890,0;0,-821,0;0,-684,0;119,-616,0;892,-768,0;800,-870,0;667,-841,0;843,-1000,0; ",GEHCMLKWLSBHDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-28,LMW4; AEW49,66515,,CC(N1C2=CC=CC=C2)=CC(C=O)=C1C,"InChI=1S/C13H13NO/c1-10-8-12(9-15)11(2)14(10)13-6-4-3-5-7-13/h3-9H,1-2H3",LNROIXNEIZSESG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-280,,,MMV688897,FC(F)Oc1ccc(cc1)c2nnc3cncc(OC)n23,"InChI=1S/C13H10F2N4O2/c1-20-11-7-16-6-10-17-18-12(19(10)11)8-2-4-9(5-3-8)21-13(14)15/h2-7,13H,1H3 AuxInfo=1/0/N:21,12,16,13,15,3,1,10,14,4,6,9,18,19,20,2,7,8,5,11,17/E:(2,3)(4,5)(14,15)/rA:21CNCCNCNNCCOCCCCCOCFFC/rB:s1;d2;s3;s4;d1s5;d4;s7;s5d8;s9;s6;d10;s12;d13;s14;s10d15;s14;s17;s18;s18;s11;/rC:0,-205,0;0,-68,0;119,0,0;237,-68,0;237,-205,0;119,-274,0;367,-26,0;448,-137,0;367,-248,0;410,-378,0;119,-411,0;543,-406,0;586,-536,0;494,-638,0;360,-609,0;318,-479,0;536,-768,0;445,-870,0;311,-841,0;487,-1000,0;0,-479,0;",DEPSYKMVBIYBIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-281,AEW 214-1,,MMV688898,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC[C@H](NC)C4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H19F2N5O2/c1-24-17(14-5-3-2-4-6-14)13-29-19-12-25-11-18-26-27-20(28(18)19)15-7-9-16(10-8-15)30-21(22)23/h2-12,17,21,24H,13H2,1H3",NXAYCBUWEUBZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-283,,,MMV688899,FC(F)Oc1ccc(cc1)c3nnc4cncc(OCC(N)c2ccccc2)n34,"InChI=1S/C20H17F2N5O2/c21-20(22)29-15-8-6-14(7-9-15)19-26-25-17-10-24-11-18(27(17)19)28-12-16(23)13-4-2-1-3-5-13/h1-11,16,20H,12,23H2 AuxInfo=1/0/N:23,22,24,21,25,12,16,13,15,3,1,17,19,10,14,18,4,6,9,27,28,29,20,2,7,8,5,11,26/E:(2,3)(4,5)(6,7)(8,9)(21,22)/rA:29CNCCNCNNCCOCCCCCCCCNCCCCCOCFF/rB:s1;d2;s3;s4;d1s5;d4;s7;s5d8;s9;s6;d10;s12;d13;s14;s10d15;s11;s17;s18;V18;d19;s21;d22;s23;s19d24;s14;s26;s27;s27;/rC:356,-205,0;356,-68,0;474,0,0;592,-68,0;592,-205,0;474,-274,0;722,-26,0;803,-137,0;722,-248,0;765,-378,0;474,-410,0;898,-406,0;941,-536,0;849,-638,0;715,-610,0;673,-479,0;356,-479,0;356,-616,0;237,-684,0;474,-684,0;237,-821,0;119,-889,0;0,-821,0;0,-684,0;119,-616,0;891,-768,0;800,-870,0;666,-841,0;842,-1000,0; ",APNVCAYADQJJBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-284,,9794037,,CN(CC(O)=N)CC1=CC=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C10H14N2O/c1-12(8-10(11)13)7-9-5-3-2-4-6-9/h2-6H,7-8H2,1H3,(H2,11,13)",LBOHKDOTRDQHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-285,,151411,,[H]N(CC(N)=O)C,"InChI=1S/C3H8N2O/c1-5-2-3(4)6/h5H,2H2,1H3,(H2,4,6)",CBBFWSMELCDMPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-286,,939880,,OC(CS/1)=NC1=N\C2=CC=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C9H8N2OS/c12-8-6-13-9(11-8)10-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5H,6H2,(H,10,11,12)",IYGBTPGRKGQPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-287,AEW 35-1,459085,,CC1=CC=C(C)N1C2=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C2,"InChI=1S/C12H12N2O2/c1-9-3-4-10(2)13(9)11-5-7-12(8-6-11)14(15)16/h3-8H,1-2H3",JXJRCFOGAIXRCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-288,AEW 45-1,2879704,,O=C([H])C1=C(C)N(C2=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C2)C(C)=C1,"InChI=1S/C13H12N2O3/c1-9-7-11(8-16)10(2)14(9)12-3-5-13(6-4-12)15(17)18/h3-8H,1-2H3",PGDZGAUIBGMQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-289,AEW 36-1,608518,,CC1=CC=C(C)N1C2=CC=C(OC)C=C2,"InChI=1S/C13H15NO/c1-10-4-5-11(2)14(10)12-6-8-13(15-3)9-7-12/h4-9H,1-3H3",ZJXMRHDTQFPICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-29,LMW5,818156,,CC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=C(C=O)C=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C14H15NO/c1-10-4-6-14(7-5-10)15-11(2)8-13(9-16)12(15)3/h4-9H,1-3H3",YGUWNSYHYBHIIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-290,AEW 46-1,615288,,O=C([H])C1=C(C)N(C(C)=C1)C2=CC=C(OC)C=C2,"InChI=1S/C14H15NO2/c1-10-8-12(9-16)11(2)15(10)13-4-6-14(17-3)7-5-13/h4-9H,1-3H3",APTDNVFPUFIPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-291,SSP-2,,MMV689968,ClC(C=CC=C1)=C1C2=NN=C3N2C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)=CN=C3,"InChI=1S/C19H15ClN4O/c20-16-9-5-4-8-15(16)19-23-22-17-12-21-13-18(24(17)19)25-11-10-14-6-2-1-3-7-14/h1-9,12-13H,10-11H2",KVOZVIJYWCGSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-292,SSP-3,,MMV689969,ClC1=CC=CC(C2=NN=C3N2C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)=CN=C3)=C1,"InChI=1S/C19H15ClN4O/c20-16-8-4-7-15(11-16)19-23-22-17-12-21-13-18(24(17)19)25-10-9-14-5-2-1-3-6-14/h1-8,11-13H,9-10H2",CEOXEGPHOBLFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-293,SSP-4; EGT 90-1,,MMV663915,ClC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3N2C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)=CN=C3,"InChI=1S/C19H15ClN4O/c20-16-8-6-15(7-9-16)19-23-22-17-12-21-13-18(24(17)19)25-11-10-14-4-2-1-3-5-14/h1-9,12-13H,10-11H2",VURCFSOLNXCMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-294,SSP-1,,MMV689970,C12=NN=C(C3=CC=CC=C3)N1C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)=CN=C2,"InChI=1S/C19H16N4O/c1-3-7-15(8-4-1)11-12-24-18-14-20-13-17-21-22-19(23(17)18)16-9-5-2-6-10-16/h1-10,13-14H,11-12H2",YRTHPBSIEMFKFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-295,BX3-1,,MMV689971,FC1=CC(C2=NN=C3N2C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)=CN=C3)=CC(F)=C1,"InChI=1S/C19H14F2N4O/c20-15-8-14(9-16(21)10-15)19-24-23-17-11-22-12-18(25(17)19)26-7-6-13-4-2-1-3-5-13/h1-5,8-12H,6-7H2",OKECEFJCMLFHAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-296,CX4-1,,MMV689972,C12=NN=C(C3=CC(OCO4)=C4C=C3)N1C(OCCC5=CC=CC=C5)=CN=C2,"InChI=1S/C20H16N4O3/c1-2-4-14(5-3-1)8-9-25-19-12-21-11-18-22-23-20(24(18)19)15-6-7-16-17(10-15)27-13-26-16/h1-7,10-12H,8-9,13H2",MMRQZVYZGCDPOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-297,TY4-1,,MMV689973,C12=NN=C(C3=CC(C=CC=C4)=C4C=C3)N1C(OCCC5=CC=CC=C5)=CN=C2,"InChI=1S/C23H18N4O/c1-2-6-17(7-3-1)12-13-28-22-16-24-15-21-25-26-23(27(21)22)20-11-10-18-8-4-5-9-19(18)14-20/h1-11,14-16H,12-13H2",SUHQKLHRXHBOST-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-298,BX4-1,,MMV689974,FC1=CC(C2=NN=C3N2C(OCC4=NC=CC=C4)=CN=C3)=CC(F)=C1,"InChI=1S/C17H11F2N5O/c18-12-5-11(6-13(19)7-12)17-23-22-15-8-20-9-16(24(15)17)25-10-14-3-1-2-4-21-14/h1-9H,10H2",NQPLGASHZCSICG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-299,CX5-1,,MMV689975,C12=NN=C(C3=CC(OCO4)=C4C=C3)N1C(OCC5=NC=CC=C5)=CN=C2,"InChI=1S/C18H13N5O3/c1-2-6-20-13(3-1)10-24-17-9-19-8-16-21-22-18(23(16)17)12-4-5-14-15(7-12)26-11-25-14/h1-9H,10-11H2",UEDVUGBYRDYVEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-3,"PMY6; JRC1; AEW7, MD1",57515633,,O=C(C1=C(C)N(C2=CC=C(F)C=C2)C(C)=C1)OCC,"InChI=1S/C15H16FNO2/c1-4-19-15(18)14-9-10(2)17(11(14)3)13-7-5-12(16)6-8-13/h5-9H,4H2,1-3H3",BFRWWAGLFICHEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-30,LMW6,44122522,,CCOC(C1=C(C)N(C2=CC=C(C=C2)C)C(C)=C1)=O,"InChI=1S/C16H19NO2/c1-5-19-16(18)15-10-12(3)17(13(15)4)14-8-6-11(2)7-9-14/h6-10H,5H2,1-4H3",YFYVWGMFZWLSNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-300,TY5-1,,MMV689976,C12=NN=C(C3=CC(C=CC=C4)=C4C=C3)N1C(OCC5=NC=CC=C5)=CN=C2,"InChI=1S/C21H15N5O/c1-2-6-16-11-17(9-8-15(16)5-1)21-25-24-19-12-22-13-20(26(19)21)27-14-18-7-3-4-10-23-18/h1-13H,14H2",GPNQKUMRVTXOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-301,AEW256-1,,MMV689977,FC(OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3N2C(OCC4=NC=CC=C4)=CN=C3)F,"InChI=1S/C18H13F2N5O2/c19-18(20)27-14-6-4-12(5-7-14)17-24-23-15-9-21-10-16(25(15)17)26-11-13-3-1-2-8-22-13/h1-10,18H,11H2",APPUFQJFODJHGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-302,AEW 85,,,ClC1=CN=CC(NN)=N1,"InChI=1S/C4H5ClN4/c5-3-1-7-2-4(8-3)9-6/h1-2H,6H2,(H,8,9)",FEDQSVIJHNBUHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-303,JU 2; AEW 95,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/C2=CC=C(C#N)C=C2)=N1,"InChI=1S/C12H8ClN5/c13-11-7-15-8-12(17-11)18-16-6-10-3-1-9(5-14)2-4-10/h1-4,6-8H,(H,17,18)/b16-6-",JXPYSNWZIOGOHZ-OMCISZLKSA-N<br>OSM-S-304,,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/C2=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C2)=N1,"InChI=1S/C12H8ClF3N4O/c13-10-6-17-7-11(19-10)20-18-5-8-1-3-9(4-2-8)21-12(14,15)16/h1-7H,(H,19,20)/b18-5+",GUUAUYOTRNYECA-BLLMUTORSA-N<br>OSM-S-305,AEW 204; JU 18; EGT 24,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/C2=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C2)=N1,"InChI=1S/C12H9ClF2N4O/c13-10-6-16-7-11(18-10)19-17-5-8-1-3-9(4-2-8)20-12(14)15/h1-7,12H,(H,18,19)/b17-5+",CYDJTGOSSHSTHS-YAXRCOADSA-N<br>OSM-S-306,AEW 222,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/C2=CC=CC=C2)=N1,"InChI=1S/C11H9ClN4/c12-10-7-13-8-11(15-10)16-14-6-9-4-2-1-3-5-9/h1-8H,(H,15,16)/b14-6",UCUKQBRUIXIMLG-MKMNVTDBSA-N<br>OSM-S-307,AEW 241,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/C2=C(Cl)C=CC=C2)=N1,"InChI=1S/C11H8Cl2N4/c12-9-4-2-1-3-8(9)5-15-17-11-7-14-6-10(13)16-11/h1-7H,(H,16,17)/b15-5+",SNXIAAVENDVWTM-PJQLUOCWSA-N<br>OSM-S-308,AEW 242,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/C2=CC(Cl)=CC=C2)=N1,"InChI=1S/C11H8Cl2N4/c12-9-3-1-2-8(4-9)5-15-17-11-7-14-6-10(13)16-11/h1-7H,(H,16,17)/b15-5+",FRLQOXBKEWQQKV-PJQLUOCWSA-N<br>OSM-S-309,JU7; BS16; BS17,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2)=N1,"InChI=1S/C11H8Cl2N4/c12-9-3-1-8(2-4-9)5-15-17-11-7-14-6-10(13)16-11/h1-7H,(H,16,17)/b15-5+",IREXIIXDQDGVMX-PJQLUOCWSA-N<br>OSM-S-31,LMW8,2742171,,O=C(C1=C(C)N(C2=CC=CC=C2)C(C)=C1)OCC,"InChI=1S/C15H17NO2/c1-4-18-15(17)14-10-11(2)16(12(14)3)13-8-6-5-7-9-13/h5-10H,4H2,1-3H3",LNBCSWPBLZPWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-310,BSX 1-1,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/C2=CC(F)=CC(F)=C2)=N1,"InChI=1S/C11H7ClF2N4/c12-10-5-15-6-11(17-10)18-16-4-7-1-8(13)3-9(14)2-7/h1-6H,(H,17,18)/b16-4+",ATLJHIAAGRJQMF-AYSLTRBKSA-N<br>OSM-S-311,CX 2-1,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/C2=CC=C(OCO3)C3=C2)=N1,"InChI=1S/C12H9ClN4O2/c13-11-5-14-6-12(16-11)17-15-4-8-1-2-9-10(3-8)19-7-18-9/h1-6H,7H2,(H,16,17)/b15-4+",PUQNFHOOSPMUIC-SYZQJQIISA-N<br>OSM-S-312,TY 2-1,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/C2=CC=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C2)=N1,"InChI=1S/C15H11ClN4/c16-14-9-17-10-15(19-14)20-18-8-11-5-6-12-3-1-2-4-13(12)7-11/h1-10H,(H,19,20)/b18-8+",PQYRTCLHHVFISH-QGMBQPNBSA-N<br>OSM-S-313,AEW 225,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/C2=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)N=C2)=N1,"InChI=1S/C11H7ClF3N5/c12-9-5-16-6-10(19-9)20-18-4-7-1-2-8(17-3-7)11(13,14)15/h1-6H,(H,19,20)/b18-4+",WGIQRWUYJGTEQZ-JJPRUIFNSA-N<br>OSM-S-314,AEW 244; MRLS 3,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/C2CCCN(C2)C(OC(C)(C)C)=O)=N1,"InChI=1S/C15H22ClN5O2/c1-15(2,3)23-14(22)21-6-4-5-11(10-21)7-18-20-13-9-17-8-12(16)19-13/h7-9,11H,4-6,10H2,1-3H3,(H,19,20)/b18-7+",SFWCGERLWZCMLH-CNHKJKLMSA-N<br>OSM-S-315,AEW 224,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/C2CCCCC2)=N1,"InChI=1S/C11H15ClN4/c12-10-7-13-8-11(15-10)16-14-6-9-4-2-1-3-5-9/h6-9H,1-5H2,(H,15,16)/b14-6+",HJIMKTGTAZWIDY-MKMNVTDBSA-N<br>OSM-S-316,AEW 217-1,,,ClC1=CN=CC(N/N=C/CC)=N1,"InChI=1S/C7H9ClN4/c1-2-3-10-12-7-5-9-4-6(8)11-7/h3-5H,2H2,1H3,(H,11,12)/b10-3+",WLEOFHUCRYXNSK-XCVCLJGOSA-N<br>OSM-S-317,AEW 251-1,,,ClC1=CN=CC2=NN=C(C3=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C3)N21,"InChI=1S/C12H6ClF3N4O/c13-9-5-17-6-10-18-19-11(20(9)10)7-1-3-8(4-2-7)21-12(14,15)16/h1-6H",SULQSGIMGSOUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-318,JU 13,,,ClC1=NC(N/N=C/C2=CC=NC=C2)=CN=C1,"InChI=1S/C10H8ClN5/c11-9-6-13-7-10(15-9)16-14-5-8-1-3-12-4-2-8/h1-7H,(H,15,16)/b14-5+",JCWOMYIUAFLDIJ-LHHJGKSTSA-N<br>OSM-S-319,BSX 2-1,,,ClC(N12)=CN=CC1=NN=C2C3=CC(F)=CC(F)=C3,InChI=1S/C11H5ClF2N4/c12-9-4-15-5-10-16-17-11(18(9)10)6-1-7(13)3-8(14)2-6/h1-5H,NFVUSAFBLAWQND-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-32,LMW9,57515640,,O=C(C1=C(C)N(C2=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C2)C(C)=C1)OCC,"InChI=1S/C16H16F3NO2/c1-4-22-15(21)14-9-10(2)20(11(14)3)13-7-5-12(6-8-13)16(17,18)19/h5-9H,4H2,1-3H3",DSKJELKQHGKPCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-320,AEW 227-1,,,ClC(N12)=CN=CC1=NN=C2C3=CN=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C3,"InChI=1S/C11H5ClF3N5/c12-8-4-16-5-9-18-19-10(20(8)9)6-1-2-7(17-3-6)11(13,14)15/h1-5H",CKNXMTZWYJZPBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-321,AEW 226,,,ClC(N12)=CN=CC1=NN=C2C3CCCCC3,"InChI=1S/C11H13ClN4/c12-9-6-13-7-10-14-15-11(16(9)10)8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h6-8H,1-5H2",VQSQFDRQCNZKOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-322,AEW 218,,,CCC1=NN=C2C=NC=C(N21)Cl,"InChI=1S/C7H7ClN4/c1-2-6-10-11-7-4-9-3-5(8)12(6)7/h3-4H,2H2,1H3",ABRDHKGOZVLFFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-323,AEW 245,,,ClC(N12)=CN=CC1=NN=C2C3CCCN(C3)C(OC(C)(C)C)=O,"InChI=1S/C15H20ClN5O2/c1-15(2,3)23-14(22)20-6-4-5-10(9-20)13-19-18-12-8-17-7-11(16)21(12)13/h7-8,10H,4-6,9H2,1-3H3",GRNMIZRYYNSOPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-324,AEW 205; JU 19,,,ClC1=CN=CC2=NN=C(C3=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C3)N21,"InChI=1S/C12H7ClF2N4O/c13-9-5-16-6-10-17-18-11(19(9)10)7-1-3-8(4-2-7)20-12(14)15/h1-6,12H",DNBISPSZPAUUNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-325,AEW 231,,,ClC(N12)=CN=CC1=NN=C2C3=CC=CC=C3,InChI=1S/C11H7ClN4/c12-9-6-13-7-10-14-15-11(16(9)10)8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-7H,SRHVJMRAKIWKAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-326,TY 3-1,,,ClC(N12)=CN=CC1=NN=C2C3=CC(C=CC=C4)=C4C=C3,InChI=1S/C15H9ClN4/c16-13-8-17-9-14-18-19-15(20(13)14)12-6-5-10-3-1-2-4-11(10)7-12/h1-9H,ZSUGLDWMTRDRDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-327,CX 3-1,,,ClC(N12)=CN=CC1=NN=C2C3=CC(OCO4)=C4C=C3,"InChI=1S/C12H7ClN4O2/c13-10-4-14-5-11-15-16-12(17(10)11)7-1-2-8-9(3-7)19-6-18-8/h1-5H,6H2",RQHTTXMVEFPWCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-328,,,,OC1=CN=CC2=NN=C(C3=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C3)N21,"InChI=1S/C12H8F2N4O2/c13-12(14)20-8-3-1-7(2-4-8)11-17-16-9-5-15-6-10(19)18(9)11/h1-6,12,19H",LKGFFHYSCHTNJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-329,AEW 102,,,FC1=C(F)C=C(C(C(O)=O)O)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C8H6F2O3/c9-5-2-1-4(3-6(5)10)7(11)8(12)13/h1-3,7,11H,(H,12,13)",BKHXODARAOCNDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-33,ZYH1,1800795,,CC1=CC=C(C)N1C2=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C2,"InChI=1S/C14H11F6N/c1-8-3-4-9(2)21(8)12-6-10(13(15,16)17)5-11(7-12)14(18,19)20/h3-7H,1-2H3",KUDHKDYSHKOCTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-330,AEW 127-1,,,FC1=C(F)C=C(C(C(OC)=O)OC)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C10H10F2O3/c1-14-9(10(13)15-2)6-3-4-7(11)8(12)5-6/h3-5,9H,1-2H3",HUBRZTQUTPZCPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-331,AEW 144-1,,,FC1=C(F)C=C(C(CO)OC)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C9H10F2O2/c1-13-9(5-12)6-2-3-7(10)8(11)4-6/h2-4,9,12H,5H2,1H3",PUCLAEJNAPEKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-332,JU 14; AEW 203-1,,,ClC1=CN=CC2=NN=C(C3=CC=NC=C3)N21,InChI=1S/C10H6ClN5/c11-8-5-13-6-9-14-15-10(16(8)9)7-1-3-12-4-2-7/h1-6H,KTELFDVJLULJPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-333,,,,ClC(N12)=CN=CC1=NN=C2C3=CC(Cl)=CC=C3,InChI=1S/C11H6Cl2N4/c12-8-3-1-2-7(4-8)11-16-15-10-6-14-5-9(13)17(10)11/h1-6H,IBCZRFPVYKMZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-334,,,,ClC(N12)=CN=CC1=NN=C2C3=C(Cl)C=CC=C3,InChI=1S/C11H6Cl2N4/c12-8-4-2-1-3-7(8)11-16-15-10-6-14-5-9(13)17(10)11/h1-6H,DLOREBWFAAUZAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-335,,,,O=C(OCC)C(CO)C1=CC=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C11H14O3/c1-2-14-11(13)10(8-12)9-6-4-3-5-7-9/h3-7,10,12H,2,8H2,1H3",NVWZHTVEPJITPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-336,AEW 173,,,OC(C(OC)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C9H10O3/c1-12-9(11)8(10)7-5-3-2-4-6-7/h2-6,8,10H,1H3",ITATYELQCJRCCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-337,AEW 184-1,,,O=C(OC)C(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C10H12O3/c1-12-9(10(11)13-2)8-6-4-3-5-7-8/h3-7,9H,1-2H3",SMHXGVJSDWUGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-338,AEW 187-1,,,OCC(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C9H12O2/c1-11-9(7-10)8-5-3-2-4-6-8/h2-6,9-10H,7H2,1H3",JDTUPLBMGDDPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-339,AEW 109; SJD 3; HM 5,,,O=C(OC)C(OC1OCCCC1)C2=CC=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C14H18O4/c1-16-14(15)13(11-7-3-2-4-8-11)18-12-9-5-6-10-17-12/h2-4,7-8,12-13H,5-6,9-10H2,1H3",OIODXZPBINGTGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-34,ZYH2,2781522,,CC1=C(C=O)C=C(C)N1C2=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C2,"InChI=1S/C14H12F3NO/c1-9-7-11(8-19)10(2)18(9)13-5-3-12(4-6-13)14(15,16)17/h3-8H,1-2H3",FNMOTVDVAVQQDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-340,AEW 221; SJD 4,,,OCC(OC1OCCCC1)C2=CC=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C13H18O3/c14-10-12(11-6-2-1-3-7-11)16-13-8-4-5-9-15-13/h1-3,6-7,12-14H,4-5,8-10H2",BCDVRNCZMZEOBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-341,AEW 174,,,N[C@@H](CO)C1=CC=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C8H11NO/c9-8(6-10)7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5,8,10H,6,9H2/t8-/m0/s1",IJXJGQCXFSSHNL-QMMMGPOBSA-N<br>OSM-S-342,AEW 210,,,O=C(O)[C@H](NC(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C9H9NO4/c11-8(12)7(10-9(13)14)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5,7,10H,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)/t7-/m1/s1",RRTQTOBOLIGMED-SSDOTTSWSA-N<br>OSM-S-343,AEW 188; AEW 212,,,OC[C@H](NC)C1=CC=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C9H13NO/c1-10-9(7-11)8-5-3-2-4-6-8/h2-6,9-11H,7H2,1H3",ULIMZYAYESNNIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-344,AEW 261-1,,,OC[C@H](N(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C10H15NO/c1-11(2)10(8-12)9-6-4-3-5-7-9/h3-7,10,12H,8H2,1-2H3",RDSMPQNNVZOQRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-345,AEW 267-1,,,O=C(OCC)C(C1=CC=CC=C1)COC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C23H20F2N4O4/c1-2-31-22(30)18(15-6-4-3-5-7-15)14-32-20-13-26-12-19-27-28-21(29(19)20)16-8-10-17(11-9-16)33-23(24)25/h3-13,18,23H,2,14H2,1H3",QJIQBIRQSSHLPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-346,AEW 284-1,,MMV693148,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC(C)C4=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14Cl2F2N4O2/c1-11(13-4-7-15(21)16(22)8-13)29-18-10-25-9-17-26-27-19(28(17)18)12-2-5-14(6-3-12)30-20(23)24/h2-11,20H,1H3",ILDZQTSEZGQWFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-347,AEW 285-1,,MMV693149,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC4=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H12Cl2F2N4O2/c20-14-6-1-11(7-15(14)21)10-28-17-9-24-8-16-25-26-18(27(16)17)12-2-4-13(5-3-12)29-19(22)23/h1-9,19H,10H2",CSHOSFVEVPHTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-348,AEW 286-1,,MMV693150,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC4=CC=C(Cl)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H13ClF2N4O2/c20-14-5-1-12(2-6-14)11-27-17-10-23-9-16-24-25-18(26(16)17)13-3-7-15(8-4-13)28-19(21)22/h1-10,19H,11H2",ROAUWAVERUYYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-349,AEW 290-1,,MMV693151,FC(C=C1)=C(F)C=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H14F2N4O/c20-15-7-6-14(10-16(15)21)19-24-23-17-11-22-12-18(25(17)19)26-9-8-13-4-2-1-3-5-13/h1-7,10-12H,8-9H2",DNQWZOZQWWSJTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-35,ZYH3; PMY47; MNR93,6016153,MMV689018,CC1=C(/C=C2S/C(NC\2=O)=N\C3=CC=CC=C3)C=C(C)N1C4=CC=CC=C4,"InChI=1S/C22H19N3OS/c1-15-13-17(16(2)25(15)19-11-7-4-8-12-19)14-20-21(26)24-22(27-20)23-18-9-5-3-6-10-18/h3-14H,1-2H3,(H,23,24,26)/b20-14-",QTDBAHFMTAMGMZ-ZHZULCJRSA-N<br>OSM-S-350,AEW 291-1,,MMV693152,ClC(C=C1)=C(Cl)C=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H14Cl2N4O/c20-15-7-6-14(10-16(15)21)19-24-23-17-11-22-12-18(25(17)19)26-9-8-13-4-2-1-3-5-13/h1-7,10-12H,8-9H2",DJLRRTBQGVDDPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-351,AEW 292-1,,MMV693153,ClC1=CC=CC(C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32)=C1Cl,"InChI=1S/C19H14Cl2N4O/c20-15-8-4-7-14(18(15)21)19-24-23-16-11-22-12-17(25(16)19)26-10-9-13-5-2-1-3-6-13/h1-8,11-12H,9-10H2",NMFGGQYGCNANQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-352,AEW 293-1,,MMV693154,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H15FN4O/c20-16-8-6-15(7-9-16)19-23-22-17-12-21-13-18(24(17)19)25-11-10-14-4-2-1-3-5-14/h1-9,12-13H,10-11H2",QCWQNZCCYWUBQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-353,AEW 270-1; AEW 294-1; AEW 317-1,,MMV693155,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(C4=CC=CC=C4)CO)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H18F2N4O3/c22-21(23)30-17-8-6-15(7-9-17)20-26-25-18-10-24-11-19(27(18)20)29-13-16(12-28)14-4-2-1-3-5-14/h1-11,16,21,28H,12-13H2",MGANJQKOPZQELF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-354,AEW 295-1,,,OC(C)(C)COC1=CN=CC2=NN=C(C3=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C3)N21,"InChI=1S/C16H15F3N4O3/c1-15(2,24)9-25-13-8-20-7-12-21-22-14(23(12)13)10-3-5-11(6-4-10)26-16(17,18)19/h3-8,24H,9H2,1-2H3",DFKSAMALDVOYGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-355,,,,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(C4=CC=CC=C4)CN)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H19F2N5O2/c22-21(23)30-17-8-6-15(7-9-17)20-27-26-18-11-25-12-19(28(18)20)29-13-16(10-24)14-4-2-1-3-5-14/h1-9,11-12,16,21H,10,13,24H2",ZAYFESUSYJEUPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-356,,,,OC(C1=CC=CC=C1)COC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=NC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H15N5O2/c24-15(13-6-2-1-3-7-13)12-25-17-11-19-10-16-21-22-18(23(16)17)14-8-4-5-9-20-14/h1-11,15,24H,12H2",LPWNUIYBRNJSHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-357,,,,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(C)(C)OC)N32,"InChI=1S/C17H18F2N4O3/c1-17(2,24-3)10-25-14-9-20-8-13-21-22-15(23(13)14)11-4-6-12(7-5-11)26-16(18)19/h4-9,16H,10H2,1-3H3",QPGDQEMNKJULOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-358,,,,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(C4=CC=CC=C4)N(C)C)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H21F2N5O2/c1-28(2)18(15-6-4-3-5-7-15)14-30-20-13-25-12-19-26-27-21(29(19)20)16-8-10-17(11-9-16)31-22(23)24/h3-13,18,22H,14H2,1-2H3",WSXRPWJACRAQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-359,EGT 48-1,,MMV693161,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(SCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H14F2N4OS/c20-19(21)26-15-8-6-14(7-9-15)18-24-23-16-10-22-11-17(25(16)18)27-12-13-4-2-1-3-5-13/h1-11,19H,12H2",KEZIWQVAJDNGBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-36,ZYH4,57515641,,CC1=C(C=O)C=C(C)N1C2=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C2,"InChI=1S/C15H11F6NO/c1-8-3-10(7-23)9(2)22(8)13-5-11(14(16,17)18)4-12(6-13)15(19,20)21/h3-7H,1-2H3",ZPNXIXBDNHGLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-360,EGT 45-1,,MMV693162,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(S(CC4=CC=CC=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H14F2N4O2S/c20-19(21)27-15-8-6-14(7-9-15)18-24-23-16-10-22-11-17(25(16)18)28(26)12-13-4-2-1-3-5-13/h1-11,19H,12H2",HSYPMILIAZBMAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-361,EGT 39-1,,MMV693163,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(S(CC4=CC=CC=C4)(=O)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H14F2N4O3S/c20-19(21)28-15-8-6-14(7-9-15)18-24-23-16-10-22-11-17(25(16)18)29(26,27)12-13-4-2-1-3-5-13/h1-11,19H,12H2",OCXPXTXAACVDON-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-362,EGT 51-4,,MMV693165,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(N4N=NC(C5=CC=CC=C5)=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H13F2N7O/c21-20(22)30-15-8-6-14(7-9-15)19-26-25-17-10-23-11-18(29(17)19)28-12-16(24-27-28)13-4-2-1-3-5-13/h1-12,20H",WUWMNWSXMOOYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-363,EGT 52-1,,MMV693164,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(SCCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H16F2N4OS/c21-20(22)27-16-8-6-15(7-9-16)19-25-24-17-12-23-13-18(26(17)19)28-11-10-14-4-2-1-3-5-14/h1-9,12-13,20H,10-11H2",GFJJCWGNCVLFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-364,EGT 63-1,,MMV693167,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(S(CCC4=CC=CC=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H16F2N4O2S/c21-20(22)28-16-8-6-15(7-9-16)19-25-24-17-12-23-13-18(26(17)19)29(27)11-10-14-4-2-1-3-5-14/h1-9,12-13,20H,10-11H2",XRLPEWWQEWQISU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-365,EGT 60-1,,MMV693166,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(S(CCC4=CC=CC=C4)(=O)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H16F2N4O3S/c21-20(22)29-16-8-6-15(7-9-16)19-25-24-17-12-23-13-18(26(17)19)30(27,28)11-10-14-4-2-1-3-5-14/h1-9,12-13,20H,10-11H2",VHMNWOXAYNBRAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-366,"AEW 296-1, PCCBTAK-0272",,MMV670936,FC(F)(F)C(C=C1)=NC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H12F5N5O/c20-13-3-1-11(7-14(13)21)5-6-30-17-10-25-9-16-27-28-18(29(16)17)12-2-4-15(26-8-12)19(22,23)24/h1-4,7-10H,5-6H2",GIBSJTKADOSTIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-367,EGT 95-3,,MMV670246,O=C(NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H12ClF2N5O2/c20-12-3-5-13(6-4-12)24-18(28)15-9-23-10-16-25-26-17(27(15)16)11-1-7-14(8-2-11)29-19(21)22/h1-10,19H,(H,24,28)",CAFUHAVOTBMKAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-368,EGT 96-1,,MMV897697,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H14F2N4O2/c20-19(21)27-15-8-6-14(7-9-15)18-24-23-16-10-22-11-17(25(16)18)26-12-13-4-2-1-3-5-13/h1-11,19H,12H2",BHCAOWNYTVGIBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-369,EGT 92-1,,MMV897698,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H16F2N4O2/c21-20(22)28-16-8-6-15(7-9-16)19-25-24-17-12-23-13-18(26(17)19)27-11-10-14-4-2-1-3-5-14/h1-9,12-13,20H,10-11H2",AVBCIJLYABLIRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-37 ,ZYH5; AEW76,57515642,MMV689019,CC1=C(/C=C2S/C(NC\2=O)=N\C3=CC=CC=C3)C=C(C)N1C4=CC=C(C)C=C4,"InChI=1S/C23H21N3OS/c1-15-9-11-20(12-10-15)26-16(2)13-18(17(26)3)14-21-22(27)25-23(28-21)24-19-7-5-4-6-8-19/h4-14H,1-3H3,(H,24,25,27)/b21-14-",XCTPMKNSBDOHRB-STZFKDTASA-N <br>OSM-S-370,EGT 64-1,,MMV897699,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCCC45C6C7C4C8C5C6C87)N32,"InChI=1S/C23H20F2N4O2/c24-22(25)31-11-4-2-10(3-5-11)21-28-27-12-8-26-9-13(29(12)21)30-7-1-6-23-18-15-14-16(18)20(23)17(14)19(15)23/h2-5,8-9,14-20,22H,1,6-7H2",VWHKKURDRVBXMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-371,EGT 65-1,,MMV897700,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4(C56)C7C6C8C5C4C87)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H18F2N4O2/c23-21(24)30-10-3-1-9(2-4-10)20-27-26-11-7-25-8-12(28(11)20)29-6-5-22-17-14-13-15(17)19(22)16(13)18(14)22/h1-4,7-8,13-19,21H,5-6H2",RXAWCKZPAXRRNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-372,EGT 82-1,,MMV897701,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC4=CN(CC5=CC=CC=C5)N=N4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H17F2N7O2/c23-22(24)33-18-8-6-16(7-9-18)21-28-27-19-10-25-11-20(31(19)21)32-14-17-13-30(29-26-17)12-15-4-2-1-3-5-15/h1-11,13,22H,12,14H2",MWSSDSZTHFIITL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-373,EGT 101-1,,MMV897702,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(N=N4)=CN4C5=CC=CC=C5)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H15F2N7O2/c22-21(23)32-17-8-6-14(7-9-17)20-27-26-18-10-24-11-19(30(18)20)31-13-15-12-29(28-25-15)16-4-2-1-3-5-16/h1-12,21H,13H2",JAWVVMAXICVBNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-374,EGT 105-2,,MMV897703,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC4=CN(C5=NC(Cl)=CN=C5)N=N4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H12ClF2N9O2/c20-14-5-23-6-15(25-14)30-9-12(26-29-30)10-32-17-8-24-7-16-27-28-18(31(16)17)11-1-3-13(4-2-11)33-19(21)22/h1-9,19H,10H2",LHPHPSWVDUENHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-375,EGT 117-1,,MMV897704,IC12C(C3C1C4C52)C5C34C6=NN=C7C=NC=C(OCCC8=CC(F)=C(F)C=C8)N76,"InChI=1S/C21H15F2IN4O/c22-9-2-1-8(5-10(9)23)3-4-29-12-7-25-6-11-26-27-19(28(11)12)20-13-16-14(20)18-15(20)17(13)21(16,18)24/h1-2,5-7,13-18H,3-4H2",XDGWZNAHVCGVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-376,AEW 314-1,,MMV897708,OC(C1=CC(F)=C(F)C=C1)COC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H13F2N5O2/c21-15-6-5-14(7-16(15)22)17(28)11-29-19-10-24-9-18-25-26-20(27(18)19)13-3-1-12(8-23)2-4-13/h1-7,9-10,17,28H,11H2",HHHWRCNBDNZMPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-377,INHERITED,,MMV670652,FC(C=C1)=C(F)C=C1C(OC(F)F)COC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H13F4N5O2/c22-15-6-5-14(7-16(15)23)17(32-21(24)25)11-31-19-10-27-9-18-28-29-20(30(18)19)13-3-1-12(8-26)2-4-13/h1-7,9-10,17,21H,11H2",LHSRVKYAEUESTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-378,EGT 145-2,,MMV897707,FC1=C(F)C=CC(C(N(C)C)COC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)N32)=C1,"InChI=1S/C22H18F2N6O/c1-29(2)19(16-7-8-17(23)18(24)9-16)13-31-21-12-26-11-20-27-28-22(30(20)21)15-5-3-14(10-25)4-6-15/h3-9,11-12,19H,13H2,1-2H3",MQNJSHHRLBVVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-379,EGT 141-1,,MMV670767,FC(C(Cl)=C1)=CC=C1NC(C2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C4)N32)=O,"InChI=1S/C19H11ClF3N5O2/c20-13-7-11(3-6-14(13)21)25-18(29)15-8-24-9-16-26-27-17(28(15)16)10-1-4-12(5-2-10)30-19(22)23/h1-9,19H,(H,25,29)",WFJPUMPZNOYIKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-38,ZYH6,57515643,,CC1=CC(/C=C(C(N/2)=O)\SC2=N/C3=CC=CC=C3)=C(C)N1C(C=C4)=CC=C4C(F)(F)F,"InChI=1S/C23H18F3N3OS/c1-14-12-16(15(2)29(14)19-10-8-17(9-11-19)23(24,25)26)13-20-21(30)28-22(31-20)27-18-6-4-3-5-7-18/h3-13H,1-2H3,(H,27,28,30)/b20-13-",YBBWTVGRVHTTDD-MOSHPQCFSA-N<br>OSM-S-380,PCCBTAK-0194,,MMV669848,FC(OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(CN4CC(C=CC=C5)=C5C4)N32)F,"InChI=1S/C21H17F2N5O/c22-21(23)29-18-7-5-14(6-8-18)20-26-25-19-10-24-9-17(28(19)20)13-27-11-15-3-1-2-4-16(15)12-27/h1-10,21H,11-13H2",<br>OSM-S-381,INHERITED,,MMV670947,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(CO)C4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H16F4N4O3/c22-16-6-3-13(7-17(16)23)14(10-30)11-31-19-9-26-8-18-27-28-20(29(18)19)12-1-4-15(5-2-12)32-21(24)25/h1-9,14,21,30H,10-11H2",MKSKANAVVSFYNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-382,EGT 123-1,,MMV897710,IC12C3C4C5(C3C1C5C24)C6=NN=C7C=NC=C(C(NC8=CC(C(F)(F)F)=NC=C8)=O)N76,"InChI=1S/C20H12F3IN6O/c21-20(22,23)8-3-6(1-2-26-8)27-16(31)7-4-25-5-9-28-29-17(30(7)9)18-10-13-11(18)15-12(18)14(10)19(13,15)24/h1-5,10-15H,(H,26,27,31)",BCBDEZPMCZDSAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-383,EGT 147-1,,MMV897711,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC(OC)=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H18F2N4O3/c1-28-17-4-2-3-14(11-17)9-10-29-19-13-24-12-18-25-26-20(27(18)19)15-5-7-16(8-6-15)30-21(22)23/h2-8,11-13,21H,9-10H2,1H3",QAMQLYPPZOESDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-384,EGT 148-1,,MMV897712,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC=C(OC)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H18F2N4O3/c1-28-16-6-2-14(3-7-16)10-11-29-19-13-24-12-18-25-26-20(27(18)19)15-4-8-17(9-5-15)30-21(22)23/h2-9,12-13,21H,10-11H2,1H3",LPQFPIUFNNSFCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-385,EGT 159-1,,MMV897713,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC(C)C4=CC=C(F)C(F)=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14F4N4O2/c1-11(13-4-7-15(21)16(22)8-13)29-18-10-25-9-17-26-27-19(28(17)18)12-2-5-14(6-3-12)30-20(23)24/h2-11,20H,1H3",RNNQYJKGWRNSLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-386,EGT 160-1,,MMV897714,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC(C)C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H15F2N5O2/c1-13(15-4-2-14(10-24)3-5-15)29-19-12-25-11-18-26-27-20(28(18)19)16-6-8-17(9-7-16)30-21(22)23/h2-9,11-13,21H,1H3",OXTDVKYGNRAXGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-387,EGT 151-1,,MMV897706,FC(C=C1)=C(F)C=C1CCOC2=CN=CC3=NN=CN32,"InChI=1S/C13H10F2N4O/c14-10-2-1-9(5-11(10)15)3-4-20-13-7-16-6-12-18-17-8-19(12)13/h1-2,5-8H,3-4H2",YHNADHDORQAQNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-388,HM 8-1,,MMV897705,OC1=CN=CC2=NN=C(N3CCCCC3)N21,"InChI=1S/C10H13N5O/c16-9-7-11-6-8-12-13-10(15(8)9)14-4-2-1-3-5-14/h6-7,16H,1-5H2",SMLXPIMVJWUYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-389,EGT 169-1,,MMV897763,FC1=C(C=CC(C(COC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(N32)C4=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C4)N(C)C)=C1)F,"InChI=1S/C22H19F4N5O2/c1-30(2)18(14-5-8-16(23)17(24)9-14)12-32-20-11-27-10-19-28-29-21(31(19)20)13-3-6-15(7-4-13)33-22(25)26/h3-11,18,22H,12H2,1-2H3",PMIWBIXSAYKRGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-390,EGT 171-1,,MMV672687,FC(OC1=CC=C(C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(N32)OCC(C4=CC(F)=C(C=C4)F)O)C=C1)F,"InChI=1S/C20H14F4N4O3/c21-14-6-3-12(7-15(14)22)16(29)10-30-18-9-25-8-17-26-27-19(28(17)18)11-1-4-13(5-2-11)31-20(23)24/h1-9,16,20,29H,10H2",BXEWPSCIVPVASC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-391,EGT 176-1,,,IC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H13F2IN4O/c20-15-6-1-12(9-16(15)21)7-8-27-18-11-23-10-17-24-25-19(26(17)18)13-2-4-14(22)5-3-13/h1-6,9-11H,7-8H2",SYOXDOQMLHMQGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-392,EGT 190-3,,,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(C4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H12F4N4O3/c21-14-6-3-12(7-15(14)22)16(29)10-30-18-9-25-8-17-26-27-19(28(17)18)11-1-4-13(5-2-11)31-20(23)24/h1-9,20H,10H2",OPCIMEMUOABUMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-393,EGT 191-1,,,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(OC)(OC)C4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H18F4N4O4/c1-31-22(32-2,14-5-8-16(23)17(24)9-14)12-33-19-11-27-10-18-28-29-20(30(18)19)13-3-6-15(7-4-13)34-21(25)26/h3-11,21H,12H2,1-2H3",HFRRKTROCJVLKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-394,EGT 212-1,,,FS(F)(F)(F)(F)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H15F5N4OS/c20-30(21,22,23,24)16-8-6-15(7-9-16)19-27-26-17-12-25-13-18(28(17)19)29-11-10-14-4-2-1-3-5-14/h1-9,12-13H,10-11H2",PEMORNCGKKXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-395,EGT 213-1,,,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4(CC5C6)CC6C[C@@H](C5)C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C24H26F2N4O2/c25-23(26)32-19-3-1-18(2-4-19)22-29-28-20-13-27-14-21(30(20)22)31-6-5-24-10-15-7-16(11-24)9-17(8-15)12-24/h1-4,13-17,23H,5-12H2/t15-,16?,17?,24?",BSXLJNOXQMXUOB-CRFYJIHUSA-N<br>OSM-S-396,EGT 215-1,,,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC(C)CC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H18F2N4O2/c1-14(11-15-5-3-2-4-6-15)28-19-13-24-12-18-25-26-20(27(18)19)16-7-9-17(10-8-16)29-21(22)23/h2-10,12-14,21H,11H2,1H3",HJOHTEUEFDSADX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-397,EGT 220-1,,,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC45C[C@@H](C[C@@H](C5)C6)C[C@@H]6C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C23H24F2N4O2/c24-22(25)31-18-3-1-17(2-4-18)21-28-27-19-11-26-12-20(29(19)21)30-13-23-8-14-5-15(9-23)7-16(6-14)10-23/h1-4,11-12,14-16,22H,5-10,13H2/t14-,15+,16-,23?",PIOOGPDPQVQAFQ-QUXYOMGYSA-N<br>OSM-S-398,EGT 222-1,,,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC4C[C@H]5C=C[C@@H]4C5)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H18F2N4O2/c21-20(22)28-16-5-3-13(4-6-16)19-25-24-17-9-23-10-18(26(17)19)27-11-15-8-12-1-2-14(15)7-12/h1-6,9-10,12,14-15,20H,7-8,11H2/t12-,14+,15?/m0/s1",OMOCZBKUEFTIAC-DJIKBVBFSA-N<br>OSM-S-399,EGT 224-1,,,CC1(C)[C@@H]2C[C@H]1C(CCOC3=CN=CC4=NN=C(C5=CC=C(OC(F)F)C=C5)N43)=CC2,"InChI=1S/C23H24F2N4O2/c1-23(2)16-6-3-14(18(23)11-16)9-10-30-20-13-26-12-19-27-28-21(29(19)20)15-4-7-17(8-5-15)31-22(24)25/h3-5,7-8,12-13,16,18,22H,6,9-11H2,1-2H3/t16-,18-/m0/s1",PQILDBPUDLGKJU-WMZOPIPTSA-N<br>OSM-S-400,EGT 225-1,,,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(C4=CC=CC=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14F2N4O3/c21-20(22)29-15-8-6-14(7-9-15)19-25-24-17-10-23-11-18(26(17)19)28-12-16(27)13-4-2-1-3-5-13/h1-11,20H,12H2",MQSMCJANEPVRGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-401,SSP 6a1,,,ClC(C=C1)=CC(Cl)=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC45C[C@@H](C[C@@H](C5)C6)C[C@@H]6C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H22Cl2N4O/c23-16-1-2-17(18(24)6-16)21-27-26-19-10-25-11-20(28(19)21)29-12-22-7-13-3-14(8-22)5-15(4-13)9-22/h1-2,6,10-11,13-15H,3-5,7-9,12H2/t13-,14+,15-,22?",XRHQAPBKYTXPOW-HBJUSLLUSA-N<br>OSM-S-402,SSP 6a2,,,ClC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC45C[C@@H](C[C@@H](C5)C6)C[C@@H]6C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H23ClN4O/c23-18-3-1-17(2-4-18)21-26-25-19-11-24-12-20(27(19)21)28-13-22-8-14-5-15(9-22)7-16(6-14)10-22/h1-4,11-12,14-16H,5-10,13H2/t14-,15+,16-,22?",MFXXXMMQULKXIX-GGTBJBEQSA-N<br>OSM-S-403,SSP 6c1,,,CC1(C)[C@@H]2C[C@H]1C(CCOC3=CN=CC4=NN=C(C5=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C5)N43)=CC2,"InChI=1S/C22H22Cl2N4O/c1-22(2)14-4-3-13(17(22)9-14)7-8-29-20-12-25-11-19-26-27-21(28(19)20)16-6-5-15(23)10-18(16)24/h3,5-6,10-12,14,17H,4,7-9H2,1-2H3/t14-,17-/m0/s1",OYFPJLPMJIFAIS-YOEHRIQHSA-N<br>OSM-S-404,SSP 6c2,,,CC1(C)[C@@H]2C[C@H]1C(CCOC3=CN=CC4=NN=C(C5=CC=C(Cl)C=C5)N43)=CC2,"InChI=1S/C22H23ClN4O/c1-22(2)16-6-3-14(18(22)11-16)9-10-28-20-13-24-12-19-25-26-21(27(19)20)15-4-7-17(23)8-5-15/h3-5,7-8,12-13,16,18H,6,9-11H2,1-2H3/t16-,18-/m0/s1",BDWPPKIAXRRNII-WMZOPIPTSA-N<br>OSM-S-405,SSP 6d1,,,ClC(C=C1)=CC(Cl)=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC4C[C@H]5C=C[C@@H]4C5)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H16Cl2N4O/c20-14-3-4-15(16(21)7-14)19-24-23-17-8-22-9-18(25(17)19)26-10-13-6-11-1-2-12(13)5-11/h1-4,7-9,11-13H,5-6,10H2/t11-,12+,13?/m0/s1",OLAUIVKJLBCHFE-LAGVYOHYSA-N<br>OSM-S-406,SSP 6d2,,,ClC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC4C[C@H]5C=C[C@@H]4C5)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H17ClN4O/c20-16-5-3-13(4-6-16)19-23-22-17-9-21-10-18(24(17)19)25-11-15-8-12-1-2-14(15)7-12/h1-6,9-10,12,14-15H,7-8,11H2/t12-,14+,15?/m0/s1",OWTVMOKESSEJOP-DJIKBVBFSA-N<br>OSM-S-407,CG59-1,,,O=C(NC1=CC=NC=C1)C2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C17H12N6O/c24-17(20-13-6-8-18-9-7-13)14-10-19-11-15-21-22-16(23(14)15)12-4-2-1-3-5-12/h1-11H,(H,18,20,24)",HSTAGCWQAIXJQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-408,CG60-2,,,C12=NN=C(C3=CC=NC=C3)N1C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)=CN=C2,"InChI=1S/C18H15N5O/c1-2-4-14(5-3-1)8-11-24-17-13-20-12-16-21-22-18(23(16)17)15-6-9-19-10-7-15/h1-7,9-10,12-13H,8,11H2",BSTOZULDVQMNLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-409,EGT 237-2,,,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC/C(C4=CC=CC=C4)=N/O)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H15F2N5O3/c21-20(22)30-15-8-6-14(7-9-15)19-25-24-17-10-23-11-18(27(17)19)29-12-16(26-28)13-4-2-1-3-5-13/h1-11,20,28H,12H2/b26-16-",VJSBQKQNONLQQJ-QQXSKIMKSA-N<br>OSM-S-410,,,MMV1557863,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C(NC=C(C(NC4=CC=C(Cl)C=C4)=O)N32)=O,"InChI=1S/C19H12ClF2N5O3/c20-11-3-5-12(6-4-11)24-17(28)14-9-23-18(29)16-26-25-15(27(14)16)10-1-7-13(8-2-10)30-19(21)22/h1-9,19H,(H,23,29)(H,24,28)",SOVUBMPMKMEPEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-411,,,MMV1557864,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NC4=CC=[N+]([O-])C(C(F)(F)F)=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H11F5N6O3/c20-18(21)33-12-3-1-10(2-4-12)16-28-27-15-9-25-8-13(30(15)16)17(31)26-11-5-6-29(32)14(7-11)19(22,23)24/h1-9,18H,(H,26,31)",HAVDPBNWKHGTHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-412,,,MMV1557865,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(CO)C4=CC=C(O)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H18F2N4O4/c22-21(23)31-17-7-3-14(4-8-17)20-26-25-18-9-24-10-19(27(18)20)30-12-15(11-28)13-1-5-16(29)6-2-13/h1-10,15,21,28-29H,11-12H2",BCDILCAJSSYWKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-413,,,,FC(C=C1)=C(F)C=C1[C@@H](OC)COC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H15F2N5O2/c1-29-18(15-6-7-16(22)17(23)8-15)12-30-20-11-25-10-19-26-27-21(28(19)20)14-4-2-13(9-24)3-5-14/h2-8,10-11,18H,12H2,1H3",PERKBMZWWUEZNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-414,,,,FC(C=C1)=C(F)C=C1[C@H](OC)COC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H15F2N5O2/c1-29-18(15-6-7-16(22)17(23)8-15)12-30-20-11-25-10-19-26-27-21(28(19)20)14-4-2-13(9-24)3-5-14/h2-8,10-11,18H,12H2,1H3",PERKBMZWWUEZNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-39,ZYH7,57515644,MMV689020,CC1=C(/C=C2S/C(NC\2=O)=N\C3=CC=CC=C3)C=C(C)N1C4=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C4,"InChI=1S/C24H17F6N3OS/c1-13-8-15(9-20-21(34)32-22(35-20)31-18-6-4-3-5-7-18)14(2)33(13)19-11-16(23(25,26)27)10-17(12-19)24(28,29)30/h3-12H,1-2H3,(H,31,32,34)/b20-9",GVGNOLWIUGQIHW-UKWGHVSLSA-N <br>OSM-S-4,PMY3; PMY8; JRC2; AEW10; MNR57,5008278,,,"InChI=1S/C13H12FNO2/c1-8-7-12(13(16)17)9(2)15(8)11-5-3-10(14)4-6-11/h3-7H,1-2H3,(H,16,17)",UHSNGSYVRLIXCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-40,ZYH8,702059,,CC1=CC=C(C)N1C2=CC=C(C(OCC)=O)C=C2,"InChI=1S/C15H17NO2/c1-4-18-15(17)13-7-9-14(10-8-13)16-11(2)5-6-12(16)3/h5-10H,4H2,1-3H3",FIQJDBIRRVQTJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-41,ZYH9; AEW40,5324088,,CC1=CC=C(C)N1C2=CC=CC=N2,"InChI=1S/C11H12N2/c1-9-6-7-10(2)13(9)11-5-3-4-8-12-11/h3-8H,1-2H3",IIIQRAJKCBNLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-42,ZYH10-2A,,,CC(N1C2=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C2)=C(/C=C(C(N/3CC#N)=O)\SC3=N/C4=CC=CC=C4)C=C1C,"InChI=1S/C25H19F3N4OS/c1-16-14-18(17(2)32(16)21-10-8-19(9-11-21)25(26,27)28)15-22-23(33)31(13-12-29)24(34-22)30-20-6-4-3-5-7-20/h3-11,14-15H,13H2,1-2H3/b22-15-,30-24+",CYTCJKBOZWMCAR-DDABIZCTSA-N<br>OSM-S-43,ZYH10-2B,57515645,,CC(N1C2=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C2)=C(/C=C3SC(N(CC#N)C4=CC=CC=C4)=NC\3=O)C=C1C,"InChI=1S/C25H19F3N4OS/c1-16-14-18(17(2)32(16)21-10-8-19(9-11-21)25(26,27)28)15-22-23(33)30-24(34-22)31(13-12-29)20-6-4-3-5-7-20/h3-11,14-15H,13H2,1-2H3/b22-15-",ZNJGLEUSFVBSML-JCMHNJIXSA-N<br>OSM-S-44,ZYH11,977062,,CC1=C(C=O)C=C(C)N1C2=CC=CC=N2,"InChI=1S/C12H12N2O/c1-9-7-11(8-15)10(2)14(9)12-5-3-4-6-13-12/h3-8H,1-2H3",PQMMSSQLSQUPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-45,ZYH12,57515647,,O=C(N=C(S/1)N(C(C)=O)C2=CC=CC=C2)C1=C\C3=C(C)N(C4=CC=C(C=C4)C(F)(F)F)C(C)=C3,"InChI=1S/C25H20F3N3O2S/c1-15-13-18(16(2)30(15)21-11-9-19(10-12-21)25(26,27)28)14-22-23(33)29-24(34-22)31(17(3)32)20-7-5-4-6-8-20/h4-14H,1-3H3/b22-14-",KOJDOQBSBJSPKC-HMAPJEAMSA-N<br>OSM-S-46,ZYH13,601797,,CC1=C(C=O)C=C(C)N1C2=CC=C(C(OCC)=O)C=C2,CC1=C(C=O)C=C(C)N1C2=CC=C(C(OCC)=O)C=C2,INHIPLWUOJQIIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-47,ZYH14; SBBH1-7,,,O=C1CS/C(N1C2=CC=CC=C2)=N\C3=CC=CC=C3,"InChI=1S/C15H12N2OS/c18-14-11-19-15(16-12-7-3-1-4-8-12)17(14)13-9-5-2-6-10-13/h1-10H,11H2/b16-15-",RAVFWIXHMXTJQU-NXVVXOECSA-N<br>OSM-S-48,ZYH15,1914356,,CCOC(C1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(/C=C(C(N/3)=O)\SC3=N/C4=CC=CC=C4)=C2C)C=C1)=O,"InChI=1S/C25H23N3O3S/c1-4-31-24(30)18-10-12-21(13-11-18)28-16(2)14-19(17(28)3)15-22-23(29)27-25(32-22)26-20-8-6-5-7-9-20/h5-15H,4H2,1-3H3,(H,26,27,29)/b22-15-",RDXBLRRUYBTFEI-JCMHNJIXSA-N<br>OSM-S-49,ZYH16,57515648,,O=C(N=C(S/1)N(C2=CC=CC=C2)C(C)=O)C1=C\C3=C(C)N(C4=CC=CC=C4)C(C)=C3,"InChI=1S/C24H21N3O2S/c1-16-14-19(17(2)26(16)20-10-6-4-7-11-20)15-22-23(29)25-24(30-22)27(18(3)28)21-12-8-5-9-13-21/h4-15H,1-3H3/b22-15-",HYCHBJJSXVXDSY-JCMHNJIXSA-N<br>OSM-S-5,TCMDC123812; CHEMBL549220; PMY10; JRC3; AEW5,2434563,MMV019247,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(OCC(N)=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C15H15FN2O3/c1-9-7-13(15(20)21-8-14(17)19)10(2)18(9)12-5-3-11(16)4-6-12/h3-7H,8H2,1-2H3,(H2,17,19)",YSUCFIZUNLQZDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N <br>OSM-S-50,ZYH17; AEW79,57515649,,O=C(N=C(S/1)N(C2=CC=CC=C2)C(C)=O)C1=C\C3=C(C)N(C4=CC=C(C)C=C4)C(C)=C3,"InChI=1S/C25H23N3O2S/c1-16-10-12-22(13-11-16)27-17(2)14-20(18(27)3)15-23-24(30)26-25(31-23)28(19(4)29)21-8-6-5-7-9-21/h5-15H,1-4H3/b23-15-",RZFIAJJLMRMIBB-HAHDFKILSA-N<br>OSM-S-51,ZYH18,57515650,MMV689021,CC1=C(/C=C2S/C(NC\2=O)=N\C3=CC=CC=C3)C=C(C)N1C4=NC=CC=C4,"InChI=1S/C21H18N4OS/c1-14-12-16(15(2)25(14)19-10-6-7-11-22-19)13-18-20(26)24-21(27-18)23-17-8-4-3-5-9-17/h3-13H,1-2H3,(H,23,24,26)/b18-13- ",WFGBKPBKZGJAHY-AQTBWJFISA-N<br>OSM-S-52,ZYH19,,,CC(N1C2=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C2)=CC(/C=C(C(N/3C4=CC=CC=C4)=O)\SC3=N/C5=CC=CC=C5)=C1C,"InChI=1S/C29H22F3N3OS/c1-19-17-21(20(2)34(19)25-15-13-22(14-16-25)29(30,31)32)18-26-27(36)35(24-11-7-4-8-12-24)28(37-26)33-23-9-5-3-6-10-23/h3-18H,1-2H3/b26-18-,33-28+",SACGGTIRNSKYBF-USPGIJFQSA-N<br>OSM-S-53,ZYH20,853886,,S=C(NC(C)=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C9H10N2OS/c1-7(12)10-9(13)11-8-5-3-2-4-6-8/h2-6H,1H3,(H2,10,11,12,13)",DBOBDMZHSHKLSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-54,ZYH22,,,CC(N1C2=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C2)=C(/C=C(C(N/3C4CCCC4)=O)\SC3=N/C5=CC=CC=C5)C=C1C,"InChI=1S/C28H26F3N3OS/c1-18-16-20(19(2)33(18)24-14-12-21(13-15-24)28(29,30)31)17-25-26(35)34(23-10-6-7-11-23)27(36-25)32-22-8-4-3-5-9-22/h3-5,8-9,12-17,23H,6-7,10-11H2,1-2H3/b25-17-,32-27-",BDDWBUPMEFMPPN-BUWRXKIYSA-N<br>OSM-S-55,ZYH23,1274334,,O=C(N/C1=N/C2=CC=CC=C2)/C(S1)=C/C3=CC=CC=C3,"InChI=1S/C16H12N2OS/c19-15-14(11-12-7-3-1-4-8-12)20-16(18-15)17-13-9-5-2-6-10-13/h1-11H,(H,17,18,19)/b14-11-",AXMGOWZVQOLCDR-KAMYIIQDSA-N<br>OSM-S-56,JRC12,,,O=S(N(C)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)(C2=NN(C(N(C)C)=O)C=N2)=O,"InChI=1S/C12H14ClN5O3S/c1-16(2)12(19)18-8-14-11(15-18)22(20,21)17(3)10-6-4-9(13)5-7-10/h4-8H,1-3H3",UHTDBMSUJGJAMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-57,PMY50; SBHK523,34276657,,O=C(OCC(N)=O)C1=C(C)N(N=C1)C2=CC=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C13H13N3O3/c1-9-11(13(18)19-8-12(14)17)7-15-16(9)10-5-3-2-4-6-10/h2-7H,8H2,1H3,(H2,14,17)",FIEILXFXISZANS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-58,PMY38,60208758,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1N2C(C)=C(CNCC(N)=O)C=C2C,"InChI=1S/C15H18FN3O/c1-10-7-12(8-18-9-15(17)20)11(2)19(10)14-5-3-13(16)4-6-14/h3-7,18H,8-9H2,1-2H3,(H2,17,20)",WMIDAZMYWJQDQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-59,PMY55; AEW60,60208759,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1N2C(C)=C(C(N(C)CC(N)=O)=O)C=C2C,"InChI=1S/C16H18FN3O2/c1-10-8-14(16(22)19(3)9-15(18)21)11(2)20(10)13-6-4-12(17)5-7-13/h4-8H,9H2,1-3H3,(H2,18,21)",HJRHAMSFPNSXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-6,TCMDC123794; CHEMBL533269; PMY11,2369167,,CC(N1C2=CC=C(F)C=C2)=CC(C(OCC(NC(C3=O)=C(N(N3C4=CC=CC=C4)C)C)=O)=O)=C1C,"InChI=1S/C26H25FN4O4/c1-16-14-22(17(2)30(16)20-12-10-19(27)11-13-20)26(34)35-15-23(32)28-24-18(3)29(4)31(25(24)33)21-8-6-5-7-9-21/h5-14H,15H2,1-4H3,(H,28,32)",OFHDGHFNTKVFPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-60,PMY56; AEW83,60208757,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1N2C(C)=C(CN(C)CC(N)=O)C=C2C,"InChI=1S/C16H20FN3O/c1-11-8-13(9-19(3)10-16(18)21)12(2)20(11)15-6-4-14(17)5-7-15/h4-8H,9-10H2,1-3H3,(H2,18,21)",GTOBCWQFLJRCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-61,PMY57; PMY67,71456265,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1N2C(C)=C(C(NC(CO)C(OC)=O)=O)C=C2C,"InChI=1S/C17H19FN2O4/c1-10-8-14(16(22)19-15(9-21)17(23)24-3)11(2)20(10)13-6-4-12(18)5-7-13/h4-8,15,21H,9H2,1-3H3,(H,19,22)/t15-/m0/s1",VIRSIBPHMPQEFV-HNNXBMFYSA-N<br>OSM-S-62,PMY46; PMY58,71458072,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1N2C(C)=C(C3=NC(C(OC)=O)=CO3)C=C2C,"InChI=1S/C17H15FN2O3/c1-10-8-14(16-19-15(9-23-16)17(21)22-3)11(2)20(10)13-6-4-12(18)5-7-13/h4-9H,1-3H3",PMPFPBFKDATMLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-63,PMY58,71449145,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1N2C(C)=C(C(OC3)=NC3C(OC)=O)C=C2C,"InChI=1S/C17H17FN2O3/c1-10-8-14(16-19-15(9-23-16)17(21)22-3)11(2)20(10)13-6-4-12(18)5-7-13/h4-8,15H,9H2,1-3H3/t15-/m0/s1",RIWRQJDQRQUGKI-HNNXBMFYSA-N<br>OSM-S-64,,,,n1cnc3ccsc3c1N2CCOCC2,"InChI=1S/C10H11N3OS/c1-6-15-9-8(1)11-7-12-10(9)13-2-4-14-5-3-13/h1,6-7H,2-5H2",ZEWWLZDNTOZATC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-65,,,,Oc1ncnc2cc(I)sc12,"InChI=1S/C6H3IN2OS/c7-4-1-3-5(11-4)6(10)9-2-8-3/h1-2H,(H,8,9,10)",YNWYDHQWPQXICN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-66,,,,C1(CSC2=NNC=N2)=CC=CC=C1,"InChI=1S/C9H9N3S/c1-2-4-8(5-3-1)6-13-9-10-7-11-12-9/h1-5,7H,6H2,(H,10,11,12)",IQQYSQRJFHUASD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-67,,,,O=C(N(C)C)N(C=N1)N=C1SCC2=CC=CC=C2,"InChI=1S/C12H14N4OS/c1-15(2)12(17)16-9-13-11(14-16)18-8-10-6-4-3-5-7-10/h3-7,9H,8H2,1-2H3",CSNLCDUKFLSTLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-68,AEW6; MD5,57519179,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1N2C(C)=C(C(OC(C)(C)C(N)=O)=O)C=C2C,"InChI=1S/C17H19FN2O3/c1-10-9-14(15(21)23-17(3,4)16(19)22)11(2)20(10)13-7-5-12(18)6-8-13/h5-9H,1-4H3,(H2,19,22)",LODBHTKIGFXDSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-69,,,,O=CNc1ccsc1C(=O)OC,"InChI=1S/C7H7NO3S/c1-11-7(10)6-5(8-4-9)2-3-12-6/h2-4H,1H3,(H,8,9)",LBYBTIGBOUMNTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-7,PMY12-1-A,57515634,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(N(C(NC3CCCCC3)=O)C4CCCCC4)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C26H34FN3O2/c1-18-17-24(19(2)29(18)23-15-13-20(27)14-16-23)25(31)30(22-11-7-4-8-12-22)26(32)28-21-9-5-3-6-10-21/h13-17,21-22H,3-12H2,1-2H3,(H,28,32)",RLPVOMUFRGFVJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-70,,,,ClC1=C2C(C=CS2)=NC=N1,InChI=1S/C6H3ClN2S/c7-6-5-4(1-2-10-5)8-3-9-6/h1-3H,TWTODSLDHCDLDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-71,,,,NC1=C2C(C=CS2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C6H5N3S/c7-6-5-4(1-2-10-5)8-3-9-6/h1-3H,(H2,7,8,9)",QIZMFTNGJPBSBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-72,,,,O=S(NC1=C2C(SC(C3=CC=CC=C3)=C2)=NC=N1)(C4=CC=CC=C4)=O,"InChI=1S/C18H13N3O2S2/c22-25(23,14-9-5-2-6-10-14)21-17-15-11-16(13-7-3-1-4-8-13)24-18(15)20-12-19-17/h1-12H,(H,19,20,21)",RVVYQPLURRLHLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-73,,,,CC(C(S([H])(=O)=O)=C1)=CC=C1NC2=C3C(C=CS3)=NC=N2,"InChI=1S/C13H11N3O2S2/c1-8-2-3-9(6-11(8)20(17)18)16-13-12-10(4-5-19-12)14-7-15-13/h2-7,20H,1H3,(H,14,15,16)",ANUSJERLXROAHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-74,,,,COC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=CC3=NC=NC(NCC4=CC=C(S(NC)(=O)=O)S4)=C3S2,"InChI=1S/C19H18N4O3S3/c1-20-29(24,25)17-8-7-14(27-17)10-21-19-18-15(22-11-23-19)9-16(28-18)12-3-5-13(26-2)6-4-12/h3-9,11,20H,10H2,1-2H3,(H,21,22,23)",YJIZHXKJHLSNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-75,,,,O=S(N(CC1)CCC1NC2=C3C(C=CS3)=NC=N2)(C4=CC=C(OC)C=C4)=O,"InChI=1S/C18H20N4O3S2/c1-25-14-2-4-15(5-3-14)27(23,24)22-9-6-13(7-10-22)21-18-17-16(8-11-26-17)19-12-20-18/h2-5,8,11-13H,6-7,9-10H2,1H3,(H,19,20,21)",AIOKEIOAHBEYFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-76,,,,C[C@@H](C1=CC=CC(S(N)(=O)=O)=C1)NC2=C3C(C=CS3)=NC=N2,"InChI=1S/C14H14N4O2S2/c1-9(10-3-2-4-11(7-10)22(15,19)20)18-14-13-12(5-6-21-13)16-8-17-14/h2-9H,1H3,(H2,15,19,20)(H,16,17,18)/t9-/m0/s1",BTENSVAFLZSYCS-VIFPVBQESA-N<br>OSM-S-77,,,,O=S(C1=C(OCC)C=CC(NC2=C3C(C=CS3)=NC=N2)=C1)(N(C)C)=O,"InChI=1S/C16H18N4O3S2/c1-4-23-13-6-5-11(9-14(13)25(21,22)20(2)3)19-16-15-12(7-8-24-15)17-10-18-16/h5-10H,4H2,1-3H3,(H,17,18,19)",AFXZPMPMWGUDRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-78,,,,NS(C(C=C1)=CC=C1CNC2=C3C(C=CC=C3)=NC(C4=CSC=C4)=N2)(=O)=O,"InChI=1S/C19H16N4O2S2/c20-27(24,25)15-7-5-13(6-8-15)11-21-19-16-3-1-2-4-17(16)22-18(23-19)14-9-10-26-12-14/h1-10,12H,11H2,(H2,20,24,25)(H,21,22,23)",XAYZAAZFNXFGQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-79,,,,NS(C1=CC=CC(CNC2=C3C(C=CS3)=NC=N2)=C1)(=O)=O,"InChI=1S/C13H12N4O2S2/c14-21(18,19)10-3-1-2-9(6-10)7-15-13-12-11(4-5-20-12)16-8-17-13/h1-6,8H,7H2,(H2,14,18,19)(H,15,16,17)",MONLYHVADJHNFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-8,PMY12-5; AEW62,24407955,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(NC3=C(C)N(C)N(C4=CC=CC=C4)C3=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C24H23FN4O2/c1-15-14-21(16(2)28(15)19-12-10-18(25)11-13-19)23(30)26-22-17(3)27(4)29(24(22)31)20-8-6-5-7-9-20/h5-14H,1-4H3,(H,26,30)",NVKLEDPUHCCJRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-80,,,,COC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=CC3=NC=NC(OC4=CC=C(S(N5CCOCC5)(=O)=O)C=C4)=C3S2,"InChI=1S/C23H21N3O5S2/c1-29-17-4-2-16(3-5-17)21-14-20-22(32-21)23(25-15-24-20)31-18-6-8-19(9-7-18)33(27,28)26-10-12-30-13-11-26/h2-9,14-15H,10-13H2,1H3",YDWOOXMJPIUVKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-81,,31785230,,CC1=CC(=C(C)[N]1C2=CC=CC=C2)C(=NCC(N(C)C)=O)O,"InChI=1S/C17H21N3O2/c1-12-10-15(17(22)18-11-16(21)19(3)4)13(2)20(12)14-8-6-5-7-9-14/h5-10H,11H2,1-4H3,(H,18,22)",DDLCZYHXOGBCGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-82,AEW18,2466757,,CC1=CC(=C(C)[N]1C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)C(=O)OCC(=NC)O,"InChI=1S/C16H17FN2O3/c1-10-8-14(16(21)22-9-15(20)18-3)11(2)19(10)13-6-4-12(17)5-7-13/h4-8H,9H2,1-3H3,(H,18,20)",FXSYKCLPBZPYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-83,,40231419,,CC1=CC(=C(C)[N]1C2=CC=CC=C2)C(N3CCN=C(C3)O)=O,"InChI=1S/C17H19N3O2/c1-12-10-15(17(22)19-9-8-18-16(21)11-19)13(2)20(12)14-6-4-3-5-7-14/h3-7,10H,8-9,11H2,1-2H3,(H,18,21)",MQCAVDAWVKBHML-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-84,,53514054,,CC1=CC(=C(C)[N]1C2=CC=C(C=C2)Br)C(N(C)CC(=NC)O)=O,"InChI=1S/C17H20BrN3O2/c1-11-9-15(17(23)20(4)10-16(22)19-3)12(2)21(11)14-7-5-13(18)6-8-14/h5-9H,10H2,1-4H3,(H,19,22)",QCKWSPHQOGLUNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-85,,2402326,,CC1=CC(=C(C)[N]1C2=CC=CC=C2)C3=NN=C(O3)SCC(=NC4=CC(=CC=C4)OC)O,"InChI=1S/C23H22N4O3S/c1-15-12-20(16(2)27(15)18-9-5-4-6-10-18)22-25-26-23(30-22)31-14-21(28)24-17-8-7-11-19(13-17)29-3/h4-13H,14H2,1-3H3,(H,24,28)",YMUQXVXRPYOASK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-86,,36170225,,CCN(CC(=NC1=C(C=CC=C1F)F)O)C(C2=C(C)[N](C(=C2)C)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)=O,"InChI=1S/C23H22F3N3O2/c1-4-28(13-21(30)27-22-19(25)6-5-7-20(22)26)23(31)18-12-14(2)29(15(18)3)17-10-8-16(24)9-11-17/h5-12H,4,13H2,1-3H3,(H,27,30)",BLFMPEAPTFWYHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-87,,47014811,,CC1=CC(=CC=C1)[N]2C(=CC(=C2C)C(N(C)CC(N=C3C=C(C)ON3)=O)=O)C,"InChI=1S/C21H24N4O3/c1-13-7-6-8-17(9-13)25-14(2)10-18(16(25)4)21(27)24(5)12-20(26)22-19-11-15(3)28-23-19/h6-11H,12H2,1-5H3,(H,22,23,26)",QMAXUZVAVZMAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-88,,38056956,,CC1=CC(=C(C)[N]1C2=CC=C(C=C2)Cl)CNC3CCN(CC3)CC(=NC)O,"InChI=1S/C21H29ClN4O/c1-15-12-17(16(2)26(15)20-6-4-18(22)5-7-20)13-24-19-8-10-25(11-9-19)14-21(27)23-3/h4-7,12,19,24H,8-11,13-14H2,1-3H3,(H,23,27)",HQRQGAAJRGIERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-89,,56716039,,CCN=C([C@@H]1C[C@H](CN1CC2=C(C)[N](C(=C2)C)C3=CC=CC=C3Cl)N)O,"InChI=1S/C20H27ClN4O/c1-4-23-20(26)19-10-16(22)12-24(19)11-15-9-13(2)25(14(15)3)18-8-6-5-7-17(18)21/h5-9,16,19H,4,10-12,22H2,1-3H3,(H,23,26)/t16-,19+/m1/s1",ZUKQHVDBUYFYRN-APWZRJJASA-N<br>OSM-S-9,PMY14; PMY35,57515635,,FC1=CC=C(C=C1)N2C(C)=CC(/C=C(SC(N(C3=CC=CC=C3)C(C)=O)=N4)/C4=O)=C2C,"InChI=1S/C24H20FN3O2S/c1-15-13-18(16(2)27(15)21-11-9-19(25)10-12-21)14-22-23(30)26-24(31-22)28(17(3)29)20-7-5-4-6-8-20/h4-14H,1-3H3/b22-14-",WFLINPFRLHPFGO-HMAPJEAMSA-N<br>OSM-S-90,,20888173,,CCC1=CC=C(C=C1)[N]2C(=CC(=C2C)CN3CCC(CC3)C(=O)O)C,"InChI=1S/C21H28N2O2/c1-4-17-5-7-20(8-6-17)23-15(2)13-19(16(23)3)14-22-11-9-18(10-12-22)21(24)25/h5-8,13,18H,4,9-12,14H2,1-3H3,(H,24,25)",UCFMYMVVPFGNQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-91,,2458246,,CC1=CC(=C(C)[N]1C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)C(=O)OCC(N(C)C)=O,"InChI=1S/C17H19FN2O3/c1-11-9-15(17(22)23-10-16(21)19(3)4)12(2)20(11)14-7-5-13(18)6-8-14/h5-9H,10H2,1-4H3",UBASAKWAWFZWGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-92,PMY66,57519188,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1N2C=C(C(OCC(N)=O)=O)C=N2,"InChI=1S/C12H10FN3O3/c13-9-1-3-10(4-2-9)16-6-8(5-15-16)12(18)19-7-11(14)17/h1-6H,7H2,(H2,14,17)",DNDQGXCXOJEWIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-93,AEW16,47101511,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1N2C(C)=C(C(N(C)C)=O)C=C2C,"InChI=1S/C15H17FN2O/c1-10-9-14(15(19)17(3)4)11(2)18(10)13-7-5-12(16)6-8-13/h5-9H,1-4H3",ODHQTLKXAQYLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-94,AEW12,71456266,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1N2C(C)=C(CN3CCCC3)C=C2C,"InChI=1S/C17H21FN2/c1-13-11-15(12-19-9-3-4-10-19)14(2)20(13)17-7-5-16(18)6-8-17/h5-8,11H,3-4,9-10,12H2,1-2H3",LPRVJXBPLZQOJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-95,AEW9,71461677,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1N2C(C)=CC(CNC3CCN(CC4=CC=CC=C4)CC3)=C2C,"InChI=1S/C25H30FN3/c1-19-16-22(20(2)29(19)25-10-8-23(26)9-11-25)17-27-24-12-14-28(15-13-24)18-21-6-4-3-5-7-21/h3-11,16,24,27H,12-15,17-18H2,1-2H3",OBFANJWJASKEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-96,MJT6,71458075,,FC1=CC=C(N2N=CC(C3=NC(C(OC)=O)=CO3)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C15H12FN3O3/c1-9-12(14-18-13(8-22-14)15(20)21-2)7-17-19(9)11-5-3-10(16)4-6-11/h3-8H,1-2H3",MXBGFPWDTSYZMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-97,MNR51,71459965,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(CCC(O)=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C16H16FNO3/c1-10-9-14(15(19)7-8-16(20)21)11(2)18(10)13-5-3-12(17)4-6-13/h3-6,9H,7-8H2,1-2H3,(H,20,21)",GNRWSIUEZUQINP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-98,MNR52,71461678,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(CCC(N(C)C)=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C18H21FN2O2/c1-12-11-16(17(22)9-10-18(23)20(3)4)13(2)21(12)15-7-5-14(19)6-8-15/h5-8,11H,9-10H2,1-4H3",JSMYECUHSRLQOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-S-99,AEW71; MD17,71454531,,FC1=CC=C(N2C(C)=CC(C(OC(C)C(OCC)=O)=O)=C2C)C=C1,"InChI=1S/C18H20FNO4/c1-5-23-17(21)13(4)24-18(22)16-10-11(2)20(12(16)3)15-8-6-14(19)7-9-15/h6-10,13H,5H2,1-4H3",HHNXZDCXTDKCEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-W-1,CCS-3-2,,,ClC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(N=[N+]=[N-])N32,InChI=1S/C11H6ClN7/c12-8-3-1-7(2-4-8)11-17-15-9-5-14-6-10(16-18-13)19(9)11/h1-6H,PXBKPHRFNKPFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-W-2,CCS-4-1,,,NC1=CN=CC2=NN=C(C3=CC=C(Cl)C=C3)N21,"InChI=1S/C11H8ClN5/c12-8-3-1-7(2-4-8)11-16-15-10-6-14-5-9(13)17(10)11/h1-6H,13H2",XCGFGSSHPVTERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-W-3,KL-8-1,,,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1CCOC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(S(C)(=O)=O)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H17FN4O3S/c1-29(26,27)17-8-4-15(5-9-17)20-24-23-18-12-22-13-19(25(18)20)28-11-10-14-2-6-16(21)7-3-14/h2-9,12-13H,10-11H2,1H3",HQWGUOKCAHGSFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-W-4,PD-5-3,,,[H]N(C1=NN=C(C2=CC=CC=C2)S1)C3=NC(OCCC4=CC=C(F)C=C4)=CN=C3,"InChI=1S/C20H16FN5OS/c21-16-8-6-14(7-9-16)10-11-27-18-13-22-12-17(23-18)24-20-26-25-19(28-20)15-4-2-1-3-5-15/h1-9,12-13H,10-11H2,(H,23,24,26)",ATSWIRSPSBQXBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,JS 10-1,,,ClC1=CC=CC(N/N=C/C2=CC=C(C#N)C=C2)=N1,"InChI=1S/C13H9ClN4/c14-12-2-1-3-13(17-12)18-16-9-11-6-4-10(8-15)5-7-11/h1-7,9H,(H,17,18)/b16-9+",WOEMAXIGZYIWII-CXUHLZMHSA-N<br>,JS 11-1,,,ClC1=CC=CC2=NN=C(C3=CC=C(C#N)C=C3)N21,InChI=1S/C13H7ClN4/c14-11-2-1-3-12-16-17-13(18(11)12)10-6-4-9(8-15)5-7-10/h1-7H,ROKQDRVNUIOPKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,JS 12-1,,,ClC1=CC=CC(C(NC2=CC(C(F)(F)F)=NC=C2)=O)=N1,"InChI=1S/C12H7ClF3N3O/c13-10-3-1-2-8(19-10)11(20)18-7-4-5-17-9(6-7)12(14,15)16/h1-6H,(H,17,18,20)",VNCOWSRRKZJWES-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,JS 15-1,,,O=C(NC1=CC=NC(C(F)(F)F)=C1)C2=CC=CC(N/N=C/C3=CC=C(C#N)C=C3)=N2,"InChI=1S/C20H13F3N6O/c21-20(22,23)17-10-15(8-9-25-17)27-19(30)16-2-1-3-18(28-16)29-26-12-14-6-4-13(11-24)5-7-14/h1-10,12H,(H,28,29)(H,25,27,30)/b26-12+",HITQOKWUFWDBPF-RPPGKUMJSA-N<br>,JS 16-1,,,O=C(NC1=CC=NC(C(F)(F)F)=C1)C2=CC=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H11F3N6O/c21-20(22,23)16-10-14(8-9-25-16)26-19(30)15-2-1-3-17-27-28-18(29(15)17)13-6-4-12(11-24)5-7-13/h1-10H,(H,25,26,30)",PGPJMFWOQCDCCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,JS 19-1,,,ClC(C=CC=C1)=C1CCOC2=CC=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H15ClN4O/c22-18-5-2-1-4-16(18)12-13-27-20-7-3-6-19-24-25-21(26(19)20)17-10-8-15(14-23)9-11-17/h1-11H,12-13H2",APTFJFHOJWNXBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,JS 20-1,,,N#CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=CC=C(OCCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H16N4O/c22-15-17-9-11-18(12-10-17)21-24-23-19-7-4-8-20(25(19)21)26-14-13-16-5-2-1-3-6-16/h1-12H,13-14H2",PLXIJFIDAXQTSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,JS 21-1,,,FC(C(F)=C1)=CC=C1CCOC2=CC=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H14F2N4O/c22-17-9-6-14(12-18(17)23)10-11-28-20-3-1-2-19-25-26-21(27(19)20)16-7-4-15(13-24)5-8-16/h1-9,12H,10-11H2",JCMCKOQZSFBPIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670763,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC[C@H](NC)C4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H17F4N5O2/c1-26-17(13-4-7-15(22)16(23)8-13)11-31-19-10-27-9-18-28-29-20(30(18)19)12-2-5-14(6-3-12)32-21(24)25/h2-10,17,21,26H,11H2,1H3/t17-/m0/s1",YFUIAROYVNJDHR-KRWDZBQOSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671933,FC(F)OC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=NN=C3N2C(O[C@H]4CN(C5CC5)[C@H]4C6=CC=C(F)C(F)=C6)=CN=C3,"InChI=1S/C24H19F4N5O2/c25-17-8-3-14(9-18(17)26)22-19(12-32(22)15-4-5-15)35-21-11-29-10-20-30-31-23(33(20)21)13-1-6-16(7-2-13)34-24(27)28/h1-3,6-11,15,19,22,24H,4-5,12H2/t19-,22-/m0/s1",WHJQMHNZFFDXED-UGKGYDQZSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671934,FC(F)OC1=CC=C(C=C1)C2=NN=C3N2C(O[C@H]4C(N(C5CC5)[C@H]4C6=CC=C(F)C(F)=C6)=O)=CN=C3,"InChI=1S/C24H17F4N5O3/c25-16-8-3-13(9-17(16)26)20-21(23(34)32(20)14-4-5-14)36-19-11-29-10-18-30-31-22(33(18)19)12-1-6-15(7-2-12)35-24(27)28/h1-3,6-11,14,20-21,24H,4-5H2/t20-,21+/m0/s1",QKWQBQSIFWCCDO-LEWJYISDSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672689,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(O[C@H]4CN(C5CC5)[C@@H]4C6=CC(F)=C(F)C=C6)N32,"InChI=1S/C24H19F4N5O2/c25-17-8-3-14(9-18(17)26)22-19(12-32(22)15-4-5-15)35-21-11-29-10-20-30-31-23(33(20)21)13-1-6-16(7-2-13)34-24(27)28/h1-3,6-11,15,19,22,24H,4-5,12H2/t19-,22+/m0/s1",WHJQMHNZFFDXED-SIKLNZKXSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672619,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC(O[C@@H]4C(N(C5CC5)[C@@H]4C6=CC=C(F)C(F)=C6)=O)=CN32,"InChI=1S/C24H17F4N5O3/c25-16-8-3-13(9-17(16)26)20-21(23(34)33(20)14-4-5-14)36-19-11-32-18(10-29-19)30-31-22(32)12-1-6-15(7-2-12)35-24(27)28/h1-3,6-11,14,20-21,24H,4-5H2/t20-,21+/m1/s1",NWJYDZNWZUIDSH-RTWAWAEBSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672727,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(C)(F)C4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H15F5N4O2/c1-21(26,13-4-7-15(22)16(23)8-13)11-31-18-10-27-9-17-28-29-19(30(17)18)12-2-5-14(6-3-12)32-20(24)25/h2-10,20H,11H2,1H3",MHMDPQOWBHVFHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672723,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(C)(O)C4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H16F4N4O3/c1-21(30,13-4-7-15(22)16(23)8-13)11-31-18-10-26-9-17-27-28-19(29(17)18)12-2-5-14(6-3-12)32-20(24)25/h2-10,20,30H,11H2,1H3",NBSLUXDUMZFLCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672936,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(F)C4=CC=C(F)C(F)=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H13F5N4O2/c21-14-6-3-12(7-15(14)22)16(23)10-30-18-9-26-8-17-27-28-19(29(17)18)11-1-4-13(5-2-11)31-20(24)25/h1-9,16,20H,10H2",LWSXCRQHVHDFGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669025,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C(NC=C(OCCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32)=O,"InChI=1S/C20H14F4N4O3/c21-14-6-1-11(9-15(14)22)7-8-30-16-10-25-19(29)18-27-26-17(28(16)18)12-2-4-13(5-3-12)31-20(23)24/h1-6,9-10,20H,7-8H2,(H,25,29)",ZXMYJCVYBZFJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669544,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(CNC(C4=CC(Cl)=CC=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14ClF2N5O2/c21-14-3-1-2-13(8-14)19(29)25-10-15-9-24-11-17-26-27-18(28(15)17)12-4-6-16(7-5-12)30-20(22)23/h1-9,11,20H,10H2,(H,25,29)",MBAFXUKPARBNKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672626,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC(C(F)(F)F)C4(CC4)C5=CC(F)=C(F)C=C5)N32,"InChI=1S/C23H15F7N4O2/c24-15-6-3-13(9-16(15)25)22(7-8-22)20(23(28,29)30)36-18-11-31-10-17-32-33-19(34(17)18)12-1-4-14(5-2-12)35-21(26)27/h1-6,9-11,20-21H,7-8H2",LNNLHAVRECQEJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672992,N#CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=CC(NCCC4=CC=CN=C4)=NN32,"InChI=1S/C19H15N7/c20-12-14-3-5-16(6-4-14)19-24-23-18-8-7-17(25-26(18)19)22-11-9-15-2-1-10-21-13-15/h1-8,10,13H,9,11H2,(H,22,25)",SGPGHQWZSGYQTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672942,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=CC(NCCC4=CC=C(F)C=C4)=NN32,"InChI=1S/C20H16F3N5O/c21-15-5-1-13(2-6-15)11-12-24-17-9-10-18-25-26-19(28(18)27-17)14-3-7-16(8-4-14)29-20(22)23/h1-10,20H,11-12H2,(H,24,27)",POFIVTHXYFQSHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672939,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=CC(OCCC4=CC=C(F)C(F)=C4)=NN32,"InChI=1S/C20H14F4N4O2/c21-15-6-1-12(11-16(15)22)9-10-29-18-8-7-17-25-26-19(28(17)27-18)13-2-4-14(5-3-13)30-20(23)24/h1-8,11,20H,9-10H2",POGWIRSWBGSGTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669304,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(CCCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H18F2N4O/c22-21(23)28-18-11-9-16(10-12-18)20-26-25-19-14-24-13-17(27(19)20)8-4-7-15-5-2-1-3-6-15/h1-3,5-6,9-14,21H,4,7-8H2",FVXHZUZPPRAVJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669310,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3CNCC(CCCC4=CC=CC=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H22F2N4O/c22-21(23)28-18-11-9-16(10-12-18)20-26-25-19-14-24-13-17(27(19)20)8-4-7-15-5-2-1-3-6-15/h1-3,5-6,9-12,17,21,24H,4,7-8,13-14H2",XZRWDQJUYUQTBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669305,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(CCN4CCOCC4)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H19F2N5O2/c19-18(20)27-15-3-1-13(2-4-15)17-23-22-16-12-21-11-14(25(16)17)5-6-24-7-9-26-10-8-24/h1-4,11-12,18H,5-10H2",ABRPYUCAABEXTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV668956,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4CN(C5=CC(F)=C(F)C=C5)C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H15F4N5O2/c22-16-6-3-13(7-17(16)23)29-10-15(11-29)31-19-9-26-8-18-27-28-20(30(18)19)12-1-4-14(5-2-12)32-21(24)25/h1-9,15,21H,10-11H2",FFDOLPKXJUAFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670438,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC4(COC4)C5=CC(F)=C(F)C=C5)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H16F4N4O3/c23-16-6-3-14(7-17(16)24)22(10-31-11-22)12-32-19-9-27-8-18-28-29-20(30(18)19)13-1-4-15(5-2-13)33-21(25)26/h1-9,21H,10-12H2",OJUVKHOEBUOJFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672990,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC(NC(CC4=CC(Cl)=CC=C4)=O)=CN32,"InChI=1S/C20H14ClF2N5O2/c21-14-3-1-2-12(8-14)9-18(29)25-16-11-28-17(10-24-16)26-27-19(28)13-4-6-15(7-5-13)30-20(22)23/h1-8,10-11,20H,9H2,(H,25,29)",WVWDZRMVJLISBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671655,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC(NC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)=CN32,"InChI=1S/C18H11F4N5O/c19-13-6-3-11(7-14(13)20)24-15-9-27-16(8-23-15)25-26-17(27)10-1-4-12(5-2-10)28-18(21)22/h1-9,18,24H",JCBPTHDURYGLBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670949,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC(NCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)=CN32,"InChI=1S/C19H13F4N5O/c20-14-6-1-11(7-15(14)21)8-24-16-10-28-17(9-25-16)26-27-18(28)12-2-4-13(5-3-12)29-19(22)23/h1-7,9-10,19,24H,8H2",HQILIKFLQAQYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671927,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC(NCCC4=CC=C(F)C=C4)=CN32,"InChI=1S/C20H16F3N5O/c21-15-5-1-13(2-6-15)9-10-24-17-12-28-18(11-25-17)26-27-19(28)14-3-7-16(8-4-14)29-20(22)23/h1-8,11-12,20,24H,9-10H2",GVXYAEXVJYZTBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671926,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC(OC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)=CN32,"InChI=1S/C18H10F4N4O2/c19-13-6-5-12(7-14(13)20)27-16-9-26-15(8-23-16)24-25-17(26)10-1-3-11(4-2-10)28-18(21)22/h1-9,18H",FIPLRRUMZPXECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670946,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC(OCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)=CN32,"InChI=1S/C19H12F4N4O2/c20-14-6-1-11(7-15(14)21)10-28-17-9-27-16(8-24-17)25-26-18(27)12-2-4-13(5-3-12)29-19(22)23/h1-9,19H,10H2",PPYIQNQWTQZDBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670945,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC(OCCC4=CC=C(F)C(F)=C4)=CN32,"InChI=1S/C20H14F4N4O2/c21-15-6-1-12(9-16(15)22)7-8-29-18-11-28-17(10-25-18)26-27-19(28)13-2-4-14(5-3-13)30-20(23)24/h1-6,9-11,20H,7-8H2",PHGWNHSKOAAQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV668822,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=[N+]([O-])C=C(OCCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14F4N4O3/c21-15-6-1-12(9-16(15)22)7-8-30-18-11-27(29)10-17-25-26-19(28(17)18)13-2-4-14(5-3-13)31-20(23)24/h1-6,9-11,20H,7-8H2",CUNPWKYJVCNHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671677,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NCC4=C(Cl)C(C(F)(F)F)=CC=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H13ClF5N5O2/c22-17-12(2-1-3-14(17)21(25,26)27)8-29-19(33)15-9-28-10-16-30-31-18(32(15)16)11-4-6-13(7-5-11)34-20(23)24/h1-7,9-10,20H,8H2,(H,29,33)",YLYCMIJACQNNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671676,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NCC4=C(Cl)C=CC(Cl)=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H13Cl2F2N5O2/c21-13-3-6-15(22)12(7-13)8-26-19(30)16-9-25-10-17-27-28-18(29(16)17)11-1-4-14(5-2-11)31-20(23)24/h1-7,9-10,20H,8H2,(H,26,30)",CPOFXXWYWLQUAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669543,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H13F4N5O2/c21-14-6-1-11(7-15(14)22)8-26-19(30)16-9-25-10-17-27-28-18(29(16)17)12-2-4-13(5-3-12)31-20(23)24/h1-7,9-10,20H,8H2,(H,26,30)",WYPSTIZOCCDRJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672618,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=C(N(C)C=C5)C5=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H15F2N5O2/c1-27-9-8-14-10-16(6-7-17(14)27)29-19-12-24-11-18-25-26-20(28(18)19)13-2-4-15(5-3-13)30-21(22)23/h2-12,21H,1H3",PIGKBNOMLGKKHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV668962,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3CN(C(CN)=O)CCN32,"InChI=1S/C14H15F2N5O2/c15-14(16)23-10-3-1-9(2-4-10)13-19-18-11-8-20(12(22)7-17)5-6-21(11)13/h1-4,14H,5-8,17H2",OUDHTFLYUDWELS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669541,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C(C)=NC=C(OCCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H16F4N4O2/c1-12-19-27-28-20(14-3-5-15(6-4-14)31-21(24)25)29(19)18(11-26-12)30-9-8-13-2-7-16(22)17(23)10-13/h2-7,10-11,21H,8-9H2,1H3",ZOSZOZWECBRIDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV668823,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C(Cl)=NC=C(OCCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H13ClF4N4O2/c21-17-19-28-27-18(12-2-4-13(5-3-12)31-20(24)25)29(19)16(10-26-17)30-8-7-11-1-6-14(22)15(23)9-11/h1-6,9-10,20H,7-8H2",FOQQXRIKYKUBGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669311,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C(N)=NC=C(OCCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H15F4N5O2/c21-14-6-1-11(9-15(14)22)7-8-30-16-10-26-17(25)19-28-27-18(29(16)19)12-2-4-13(5-3-12)31-20(23)24/h1-6,9-10,20H,7-8H2,(H2,25,26)",XAQYLJFKZCILRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669102,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C(N(CC)CC)=NC=C(OCCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C24H23F4N5O2/c1-3-32(4-2)22-23-31-30-21(16-6-8-17(9-7-16)35-24(27)28)33(23)20(14-29-22)34-12-11-15-5-10-18(25)19(26)13-15/h5-10,13-14,24H,3-4,11-12H2,1-2H3",XEJMUSAAKCRDEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV668960,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3CNCCN32,"InChI=1S/C12H12F2N4O/c13-12(14)19-9-3-1-8(2-4-9)11-17-16-10-7-15-5-6-18(10)11/h1-4,12,15H,5-7H2",QETDXPHMFLDYRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669105,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(N(C)CC4=CC(Cl)=CC=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H16ClF2N5O2/c1-28(12-13-3-2-4-15(22)9-13)20(30)17-10-25-11-18-26-27-19(29(17)18)14-5-7-16(8-6-14)31-21(23)24/h2-11,21H,12H2,1H3",UIQMDRDWZSXMKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,,,MMV669021,c1ncc2n(c1C(=O)N[C@H](c1ccccc1)C)c(nn2)c1ccc(cc1)OC(F)F,"InChI=1S/C21H17F2N5O2/c1-13(14-5-3-2-4-6-14)25-20(29)17-11-24-12-18-26-27-19(28(17)18)15-7-9-16(10-8-15)30-21(22)23/h2-13,21H,1H3,(H,25,29)/t13-/m0/s1 AuxInfo=1/1/N:17,14,13,15,12,16,22,26,23,25,1,3,10,11,21,24,6,4,18,7,28,29,30,2,9,20,19,5,8,27/E:(3,4)(5,6)(7,8)(9,10)(22,23)/it:im/rA:30CNCCNCCONC.eCCCCCCCCNNCCCCCCOCFF/rB:s1;d2;s3;s4;d1s5;s6;d7;s7;s9;s10;d11;s12;d13;s14;s11d15;P10;s5;d18;d4s19;s18;d21;s22;d23;s24;s21d25;s24;s27;s28;s28;/rC:6.2576,3.6128,0;6.2576,2.0728,0;4.9239,1.3028,0;3.5902,2.0728,0;3.5902,3.6128,0;4.9239,4.3828,0;4.9239,5.9228,0;3.5902,6.6928,0;6.2576,6.6928,0;6.2576,8.2328,0;7.5913,9.0028,0;7.5913,10.5428,0;8.925,11.3128,0;10.2586,10.5428,0;10.2586,9.0028,0;8.925,8.2328,0;4.9239,9.0028,0;2.1256,4.0887,0;1.2204,2.8428,0;2.1256,1.5969,0;1.6497,5.5533,0;.1434,5.8735,0;-.3325,7.3382,0;.698,8.4826,0;2.2043,8.1624,0;2.6802,6.6978,0;.2221,9.9472,0;-1.2843,10.2674,0;-2.3147,9.123,0;-1.7602,11.732,0;",MLKRVCDSVIMHCB-ZDUSSCGKSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670768,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(N4C(C=CC(F)=C5)=C5CC4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H14F3N5O2/c22-14-3-6-16-13(9-14)7-8-28(16)20(30)17-10-25-11-18-26-27-19(29(17)18)12-1-4-15(5-2-12)31-21(23)24/h1-6,9-11,21H,7-8H2",FHJDERXELJTUQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671654,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NC4=CC=C(F)C=C4Cl)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H11ClF3N5O2/c20-13-7-11(21)3-6-14(13)25-18(29)15-8-24-9-16-26-27-17(28(15)16)10-1-4-12(5-2-10)30-19(22)23/h1-9,19H,(H,25,29)",UDYGHIAMQUSWIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672624,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NC4CCC5=C4C=CC(Cl)=C5)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H16ClF2N5O2/c23-14-4-7-16-13(9-14)3-8-17(16)27-21(31)18-10-26-11-19-28-29-20(30(18)19)12-1-5-15(6-2-12)32-22(24)25/h1-2,4-7,9-11,17,22H,3,8H2,(H,27,31)",HNBNSRMVIRFWNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672625,O=C(NC1=CC=NC(C(F)(F)F)=C1)C2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=C(C)N(C5=CC=C(F)C=C5)N=C4C)N32,"InChI=1S/C23H16F4N8O/c1-12-20(13(2)35(33-12)16-5-3-14(24)4-6-16)21-32-31-19-11-28-10-17(34(19)21)22(36)30-15-7-8-29-18(9-15)23(25,26)27/h3-11H,1-2H3,(H,29,30,36)",XBUPBXHBMRAQPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669027,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NCCC4=CC=CC=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H17F2N5O2/c22-21(23)30-16-8-6-15(7-9-16)19-27-26-18-13-24-12-17(28(18)19)20(29)25-11-10-14-4-2-1-3-5-14/h1-9,12-13,21H,10-11H2,(H,25,29)",VPVKOTUNZQTQGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669026,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NC4=CC=CC=N4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H12F2N6O2/c19-18(20)28-12-6-4-11(5-7-12)16-25-24-15-10-21-9-13(26(15)16)17(27)23-14-3-1-2-8-22-14/h1-10,18H,(H,22,23,27)",LMNKFRDAYYFGDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669002,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NCC4=C(Cl)C=CC=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14ClF2N5O2/c21-15-4-2-1-3-13(15)9-25-19(29)16-10-24-11-17-26-27-18(28(16)17)12-5-7-14(8-6-12)30-20(22)23/h1-8,10-11,20H,9H2,(H,25,29)",KXOGBDHDGOMMBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670243,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(CCCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H16F4N4O/c22-17-9-4-13(10-18(17)23)2-1-3-15-11-26-12-19-27-28-20(29(15)19)14-5-7-16(8-6-14)30-21(24)25/h4-12,21H,1-3H2",LRAREZHFBCZJIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669312,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(CCN4CC(C=CC=C5)=C5C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H19F2N5O/c23-22(24)30-19-7-5-15(6-8-19)21-27-26-20-12-25-11-18(29(20)21)9-10-28-13-16-3-1-2-4-17(16)14-28/h1-8,11-12,22H,9-10,13-14H2",GQXSFCDTPDFAAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV668824,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(CCO)N32,"InChI=1S/C14H12F2N4O2/c15-14(16)22-11-3-1-9(2-4-11)13-19-18-12-8-17-7-10(5-6-21)20(12)13/h1-4,7-8,14,21H,5-6H2",VHAPEQORRZDNKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV668955,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3CNCC(CCO)N32,"InChI=1S/C14H16F2N4O2/c15-14(16)22-11-3-1-9(2-4-11)13-19-18-12-8-17-7-10(5-6-21)20(12)13/h1-4,10,14,17,21H,5-8H2",PSSFFOLKPUSBCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669360,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(COCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14F4N4O2/c21-16-6-1-12(7-17(16)22)10-29-11-14-8-25-9-18-26-27-19(28(14)18)13-2-4-15(5-3-13)30-20(23)24/h1-9,20H,10-11H2",ZFZFBHJVOPWPMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671652,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(N[C@H](C4=CC=C(F)C(F)=C4)CO)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H15F4N5O2/c21-14-6-3-12(7-15(14)22)16(10-30)26-17-8-25-9-18-27-28-19(29(17)18)11-1-4-13(5-2-11)31-20(23)24/h1-9,16,20,26,30H,10H2/t16-/m0/s1",SVFYCNYIUKOGIZ-INIZCTEOSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV668957,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(N4CCC(C5=CC=CC=C5)C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H19F2N5O/c23-22(24)30-18-8-6-16(7-9-18)21-27-26-19-12-25-13-20(29(19)21)28-11-10-17(14-28)15-4-2-1-3-5-15/h1-9,12-13,17,22H,10-11,14H2",DHFJQIXVZGXHFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671678,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(N4C=CN=C4CC5=CC=C(F)C(F)=C5)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H14F4N6O/c23-16-6-1-13(9-17(16)24)10-18-28-7-8-31(18)20-12-27-11-19-29-30-21(32(19)20)14-2-4-15(5-3-14)33-22(25)26/h1-9,11-12,22H,10H2",IWRWYQUIBQGAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671653,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(N4N=CC(C5=CC(F)=C(F)C=C5)=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H12F4N6O/c22-16-6-3-13(7-17(16)23)14-8-27-30(11-14)19-10-26-9-18-28-29-20(31(18)19)12-1-4-15(5-2-12)32-21(24)25/h1-11,21H",ZWEIKBFHIWDMSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670934,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(NC4=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H11Cl2F2N5O/c19-13-6-3-11(7-14(13)20)24-15-8-23-9-16-25-26-17(27(15)16)10-1-4-12(5-2-10)28-18(21)22/h1-9,18,24H",TZGDENMOWJZOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671651,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC[C@H](N)C4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H15F4N5O2/c21-14-6-3-12(7-15(14)22)16(25)10-30-18-9-26-8-17-27-28-19(29(17)18)11-1-4-13(5-2-11)31-20(23)24/h1-9,16,20H,10,25H2/t16-/m0/s1",BIGCWGPLTSPPFJ-INIZCTEOSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671650,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C(Cl)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H10ClF5N4O2/c20-14-6-5-12(7-13(14)19(23,24)25)30-16-9-26-8-15-27-28-17(29(15)16)10-1-3-11(4-2-10)31-18(21)22/h1-9,18H",JMNZLRAAYWFJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670765,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H10Cl2F2N4O2/c19-13-6-5-12(7-14(13)20)27-16-9-23-8-15-24-25-17(26(15)16)10-1-3-11(4-2-10)28-18(21)22/h1-9,18H",XMEKRAWNUWCYBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672620,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC(N=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C5)=C5C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H12F5N5O2/c23-21(24)34-14-5-2-13(3-6-14)20-31-30-18-10-28-11-19(32(18)20)33-15-7-1-12-4-8-17(22(25,26)27)29-16(12)9-15/h1-11,21H",INVOZROXGPLPEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670659,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC(C=CC=C5)=C5C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H14F2N4O2/c23-22(24)30-17-8-6-15(7-9-17)21-27-26-19-12-25-13-20(28(19)21)29-18-10-5-14-3-1-2-4-16(14)11-18/h1-13,22H",OICXVTBHLZSJIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671649,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC(CCCC5)=C5C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H18F2N4O2/c23-22(24)30-17-8-6-15(7-9-17)21-27-26-19-12-25-13-20(28(19)21)29-18-10-5-14-3-1-2-4-16(14)11-18/h5-13,22H,1-4H2",FYSOARLAJJFNEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672989,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC5=NC(OC)=CC=C5C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H15F2N5O3/c1-30-19-9-5-13-2-8-16(10-17(13)26-19)31-20-12-25-11-18-27-28-21(29(18)20)14-3-6-15(7-4-14)32-22(23)24/h2-12,22H,1H3",GCCMQYNBUCBGOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671929,ClC(C(Cl)=C1)=CC=C1OC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=C(C)N(C5=CC=C(F)C=C5)N=C4C)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H15Cl2FN6O/c1-12-21(13(2)31(29-12)15-5-3-14(25)4-6-15)22-28-27-19-10-26-11-20(30(19)22)32-16-7-8-17(23)18(24)9-16/h3-11H,1-2H3",GLBSIKNHNLXVTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671648,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H20F2N4O2/c1-22(2,3)15-6-10-16(11-7-15)29-19-13-25-12-18-26-27-20(28(18)19)14-4-8-17(9-5-14)30-21(23)24/h4-13,21H,1-3H3",ZOWPQULSJIFHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670764,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H11F5N4O2/c20-18(21)30-14-5-1-11(2-6-14)17-27-26-15-9-25-10-16(28(15)17)29-13-7-3-12(4-8-13)19(22,23)24/h1-10,18H",CONUSWGEFVYDPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669784,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=C(Cl)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H11ClF2N4O2/c19-12-3-7-13(8-4-12)26-16-10-22-9-15-23-24-17(25(15)16)11-1-5-14(6-2-11)27-18(20)21/h1-10,18H",WXNPYOXFQUYIOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671680,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=C(S(F)(F)(F)(F)F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H11F7N4O2S/c19-18(20)31-13-3-1-11(2-4-13)17-28-27-15-9-26-10-16(29(15)17)30-12-5-7-14(8-6-12)32(21,22,23,24)25/h1-10,18H",JRUPFXIUMYRPCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672622,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=C(C(C)=CC(C)(C)O5)C5=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C24H20F2N4O3/c1-14-11-24(2,3)33-19-10-17(8-9-18(14)19)31-21-13-27-12-20-28-29-22(30(20)21)15-4-6-16(7-5-15)32-23(25)26/h4-13,23H,1-3H3",JSLPLPVOHWRSQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672940,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=C(C=C(F)C(F)=C5)C5=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H12F4N4O2/c23-17-8-13-3-6-16(7-14(13)9-18(17)24)31-20-11-27-10-19-28-29-21(30(19)20)12-1-4-15(5-2-12)32-22(25)26/h1-11,22H",NJZAMAPESVYMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672941,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=C(C(F)=CC(F)=C5)C5=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H12F4N4O2/c23-14-7-13-8-16(5-6-17(13)18(24)9-14)31-20-11-27-10-19-28-29-21(30(19)20)12-1-3-15(4-2-12)32-22(25)26/h1-11,22H",DTSQOCXVVNBKAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672730,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=C(N=C(C(F)(F)F)N=C5)C5=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H11F5N6O2/c22-20(23)34-13-3-1-11(2-4-13)18-31-30-16-9-27-10-17(32(16)18)33-14-5-6-15-12(7-14)8-28-19(29-15)21(24,25)26/h1-10,20H",HMMAXUVKMPWCSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672623,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=C(C=NN5C)C5=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14F2N6O2/c1-27-16-8-15(7-4-13(16)9-24-27)29-18-11-23-10-17-25-26-19(28(17)18)12-2-5-14(6-3-12)30-20(21)22/h2-11,20H,1H3",ZBBRDTJSXGCMJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672686,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC5=NN(C)C=C5C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14F2N6O2/c1-27-11-13-4-7-15(8-16(13)26-27)29-18-10-23-9-17-24-25-19(28(17)18)12-2-5-14(6-3-12)30-20(21)22/h2-11,20H,1H3",DWADAQMBGKHLCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672621,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=C(C(C)=NO5)C5=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H13F2N5O3/c1-11-15-7-6-14(8-16(15)30-26-11)28-18-10-23-9-17-24-25-19(27(17)18)12-2-4-13(5-3-12)29-20(21)22/h2-10,20H,1H3",WSIIGDBXJAXHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672937,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=C(C=CS5)C5=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H12F2N4O2S/c21-20(22)28-14-4-2-13(3-5-14)19-25-24-17-10-23-11-18(26(17)19)27-15-6-1-12-7-8-29-16(12)9-15/h1-11,20H",MLBNXJTXHVBPEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670935,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=CC(Cl)=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H11ClF2N4O2/c19-12-2-1-3-14(8-12)26-16-10-22-9-15-23-24-17(25(15)16)11-4-6-13(7-5-11)27-18(20)21/h1-10,18H",KXCPLUGLCFKSCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672725,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC4=CC=CC(OC5=CC=CC=N5)=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C23H15F2N5O3/c24-23(25)33-16-9-7-15(8-10-16)22-29-28-19-13-26-14-21(30(19)22)32-18-5-3-4-17(12-18)31-20-6-1-2-11-27-20/h1-14,23H",FPATVVYYDYTPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671647,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(N4CCOCC4)C5=CC(F)=C(F)C=C5)N32,"InChI=1S/C24H21F4N5O3/c25-18-6-3-16(11-19(18)26)20(32-7-9-34-10-8-32)14-35-22-13-29-12-21-30-31-23(33(21)22)15-1-4-17(5-2-15)36-24(27)28/h1-6,11-13,20,24H,7-10,14H2",MTYMSRWFPISKOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV671679,FC(C=C1)=CC=C1N(N=C2C)C(C)=C2C3=NN=C4C=NC=C(OCC(F)(F)F)N43,"InChI=1S/C18H14F4N6O/c1-10-16(11(2)28(26-10)13-5-3-12(19)4-6-13)17-25-24-14-7-23-8-15(27(14)17)29-9-18(20,21)22/h3-8H,9H2,1-2H3",LZBDIFIBPJUBOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670762,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC(F)(F)F)N32,"InChI=1S/C14H9F5N4O2/c15-13(16)25-9-3-1-8(2-4-9)12-22-21-10-5-20-6-11(23(10)12)24-7-14(17,18)19/h1-6,13H,7H2",VZIMTSNALAAOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672726,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC4CCC5=C4C=CC(Cl)=C5)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H17ClF2N4O2/c23-16-5-8-18-14(9-16)1-2-15(18)12-30-20-11-26-10-19-27-28-21(29(19)20)13-3-6-17(7-4-13)31-22(24)25/h3-11,15,22H,1-2,12H2",VIJBNSUMCSOTCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV668961,FC(C=C1)=C(F)C=C1CCOC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4CCN(C(C)=O)CC4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H21F2N5O2/c1-13(28)26-7-4-15(5-8-26)20-25-24-18-11-23-12-19(27(18)20)29-9-6-14-2-3-16(21)17(22)10-14/h2-3,10-12,15H,4-9H2,1H3",QWBQVZOVKHIBBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV668959,FC(C=C1)=C(F)C=C1CCOC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4CCOCC4)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H18F2N4O2/c19-14-2-1-12(9-15(14)20)3-8-26-17-11-21-10-16-22-23-18(24(16)17)13-4-6-25-7-5-13/h1-2,9-11,13H,3-8H2",ROEPXHXLRPOTHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669028,FC(C=C1)=C(F)C=C1CCOC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(N4CC(C=CC=C5)=C5C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H17F2N5O/c22-17-6-5-14(9-18(17)23)7-8-29-20-11-24-10-19-25-26-21(28(19)20)27-12-15-3-1-2-4-16(15)13-27/h1-6,9-11H,7-8,12-13H2",JAQFKPHMBHLZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669009,FC(C=C1)=C(F)C=C1CCOC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(N4CCCCC4)N32,"InChI=1S/C18H19F2N5O/c19-14-5-4-13(10-15(14)20)6-9-26-17-12-21-11-16-22-23-18(25(16)17)24-7-2-1-3-8-24/h4-5,10-12H,1-3,6-9H2",ZKHZGOFEMNTIFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669006,FC1=CC(NC2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCCC4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32)=CC=C1F,"InChI=1S/C19H13F4N5O/c20-13-3-1-11(7-15(13)22)5-6-29-18-10-24-9-17-26-27-19(28(17)18)25-12-2-4-14(21)16(23)8-12/h1-4,7-10H,5-6H2,(H,25,27)",MBKZMCLRDLFTKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669850,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NC4=CC=C(F)C(F)=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H11F4N5O2/c20-13-6-3-11(7-14(13)21)25-18(29)15-8-24-9-16-26-27-17(28(15)16)10-1-4-12(5-2-10)30-19(22)23/h1-9,19H,(H,25,29)",KKUPIUJNLQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669849,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(C(NC4=CC=C(F)C=C4)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C19H12F3N5O2/c20-12-3-5-13(6-4-12)24-18(28)15-9-23-10-16-25-26-17(27(15)16)11-1-7-14(8-2-11)29-19(21)22/h1-10,19H,(H,24,28)",JMGKRETUBOTWAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV672688,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OCC4=CC=CC5=C4C=CC=C5)N32,"InChI=1S/C23H16F2N4O2/c24-23(25)31-18-10-8-16(9-11-18)22-28-27-20-12-26-13-21(29(20)22)30-14-17-6-3-5-15-4-1-2-7-19(15)17/h1-13,23H,14H2",XGANTNHUKSSASO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670249,FC1=C(F)C=CC(CCOC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(N4CCC5=C4C=CC(F)=C5)N32)=C1,"InChI=1S/C21H16F3N5O/c22-15-2-4-18-14(10-15)5-7-28(18)21-27-26-19-11-25-12-20(29(19)21)30-8-6-13-1-3-16(23)17(24)9-13/h1-4,9-12H,5-8H2",LWJNQMYILRVGSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669103,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(NS(CC4=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C4)(=O)=O)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H14F5N5O3S/c21-19(22)33-15-7-3-13(4-8-15)18-28-27-16-9-26-10-17(30(16)18)29-34(31,32)11-12-1-5-14(6-2-12)20(23,24)25/h1-10,19,29H,11H2",ZOJHYLYRVAQAKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669353,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(N4CC(C5=CC=CC=C5)C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H17F2N5O/c22-21(23)29-17-8-6-15(7-9-17)20-26-25-18-10-24-11-19(28(18)20)27-12-16(13-27)14-4-2-1-3-5-14/h1-11,16,21H,12-13H2",RLJNNQICWGMQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV669008,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(N4CC(OC5=CC(F)=C(F)C=C5)C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H15F4N5O2/c22-16-6-5-14(7-17(16)23)31-15-10-29(11-15)19-9-26-8-18-27-28-20(30(18)19)12-1-3-13(4-2-12)32-21(24)25/h1-9,15,21H,10-11H2",QERLPIHUXGRHKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,INHERITED,,MMV670437,FC(F)OC(C=C1)=CC=C1C2=NN=C3C=NC=C(OC[C@H](N(C)C)C4=CC(F)=C(F)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C22H19F4N5O2/c1-30(2)18(14-5-8-16(23)17(24)9-14)12-32-20-11-27-10-19-28-29-21(31(19)20)13-3-6-15(7-4-13)33-22(25)26/h3-11,18,22H,12H2,1-2H3/t18-/m0/s1",PMIWBIXSAYKRGF-SFHVURJKSA-N<br>,TF 16-1,,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3CC=CC(S(=O)(N4CCCC4)=O)=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C16H18N4O2S2/c17-16-15-13(18-10-19-16)9-14(23-15)11-4-3-5-12(8-11)24(21,22)20-6-1-2-7-20/h3,5,8-11H,1-2,4,6-7H2,(H2,17,18,19)",WJXQKMZKHUBIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,TF 17-1,,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3CC=CC(S(=O)(NC)=O)=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C13H14N4O2S2/c1-15-21(18,19)9-4-2-3-8(5-9)11-6-10-12(20-11)13(14)17-7-16-10/h2,4-8,15H,3H2,1H3,(H2,14,16,17)",JKCCHEYITLJPCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,TF 18-1,,,NC1=C2C(C=C(C3CC=CC(S(=O)(N(C)C)=O)=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C14H16N4O2S2/c1-18(2)22(19,20)10-5-3-4-9(6-10)12-7-11-13(21-12)14(15)17-8-16-11/h3,5-9H,4H2,1-2H3,(H2,15,16,17)",KNJTYVZQHQMSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,TF 3-1,,,NC1=C2C(C(C)=C(C3=CC=CC(S(=O)(N)=O)=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C13H12N4O2S2/c1-7-10-12(13(14)17-6-16-10)20-11(7)8-3-2-4-9(5-8)21(15,18)19/h2-6H,1H3,(H2,14,16,17)(H2,15,18,19)",JIUOPNISLOOEPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,TF 4-1,,,NC1=C2C(C(C)=C(C3C(C)C=CC(S(=O)(N)=O)=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C14H16N4O2S2/c1-7-3-4-9(22(16,19)20)5-10(7)12-8(2)11-13(21-12)14(15)18-6-17-11/h3-7,10H,1-2H3,(H2,15,17,18)(H2,16,19,20)",OTALAHLJTGALQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,TF 7-1,,,OCCNC1=C2C(C=C(C3=CC=CC(S(=O)(N)=O)=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C14H14N4O3S2/c15-23(20,21)10-3-1-2-9(6-10)12-7-11-13(22-12)14(16-4-5-19)18-8-17-11/h1-3,6-8,19H,4-5H2,(H2,15,20,21)(H,16,17,18)",MMGBHQAWBVFGDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>,TF 8-1,,,OCCCNC1=C2C(C=C(C3CC=CC(S(=O)(N)=O)=C3)S2)=NC=N1,"InChI=1S/C15H18N4O3S2/c16-24(21,22)11-4-1-3-10(7-11)13-8-12-14(23-13)15(19-9-18-12)17-5-2-6-20/h1,4,7-10,20H,2-3,5-6H2,(H2,16,21,22)(H,17,18,19)",JMGQLUQOLFPKPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-W-5,KH-7-1,,,FC(C(F)=C1)=CC=C1CCOC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(S(C)(=O)=O)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H16F2N4O3S/c1-30(27,28)15-5-3-14(4-6-15)20-25-24-18-11-23-12-19(26(18)20)29-9-8-13-2-7-16(21)17(22)10-13/h2-7,10-12H,8-9H2,1H3",ISCYIQSGKXBNIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-W-6,JH-5-2,,,O=C(CC1=CC=C(F)C(F)=C1)NC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C20H12F2N6O/c21-15-6-3-13(7-16(15)22)8-19(29)25-17-10-24-11-18-26-27-20(28(17)18)14-4-1-12(9-23)2-5-14/h1-7,10-11H,8H2,(H,25,29)",WXNSEGHVFXDZGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br>OSM-W-7,JH-7-1,,,O=C(CCC1=CC(F)=C(F)C=C1)NC2=CN=CC3=NN=C(C4=CC=C(C#N)C=C4)N32,"InChI=1S/C21H14F2N6O/c22-16-7-3-13(9-17(16)23)4-8-20(30)26-18-11-25-12-19-27-28-21(29(18)19)15-5-1-14(10-24)2-6-15/h1-3,5-7,9,11-12H,4,8H2,(H,26,30)",SMRNZXNRFZNBAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br></p></blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>European Lead factory "Hit to Lead" workshop</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>lead optimisation</category><category>elf</category><dc:date>2017-07-03T08:29:10+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6733ba3208825af6fc39409cb51dbec2-277.html#unique-entry-id-277</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6733ba3208825af6fc39409cb51dbec2-277.html#unique-entry-id-277</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The European Lead Factory hold annual meetings intended to support early career scientists, this years meeting will focus on "Hit to Lead optimisation". The meeting will be held at Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium, November 6th - 7th 2017.</p>

<p>Full details are here <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/early-career-researcher-event/">https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/early-career-researcher-event/</a>.</p>

<p>Free participation (incl. reimbursement of travel costs up to &euro; 250, accommodation, access to the social get-together) at the conference.</p>

<p>The <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/fileadmin/websites/europeanleadfactory/media/pdf/Agenda_EU_Lead_Factory_Beerse_short.pdf">draft agenda is here</a>.</p>

<p>A great opportunity for those just starting on their drug discovery career.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment Screening - XChem at Diamond</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2017-06-25T11:09:13+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b5af0908122da400e77ea5a6db410e1a-276.html#unique-entry-id-276</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b5af0908122da400e77ea5a6db410e1a-276.html#unique-entry-id-276</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html" title="Fragment Based Screening"> Fragment-based screening</a> has become increasingly popular over the last 10 years and has proven to be a viable alternative to high-throughput screening. The appeal has been driven by several features</p>

<ul>
<li>&ldquo;Fragment Space&rdquo; is smaller than &ldquo;Chemical Space&rdquo; and can be more effectively probed with a relatively small library</li>
<li>A million compounds cover only a small fraction of the suggested 10<sup>60</sup> Chemical Space, whilst 2000 compounds can probe much of the 10<sup>6</sup> Fragment Space </li>
<li>Protein requirements should be smaller</li>
<li>Binding Efficiency for small molecules is likely to be higher</li>
<li>Hit rates for Fragment-based screening appear to be higher, typically 3-10%.</li>
</ul>

<p>Whilst there are a number of biophysical methods used for Fragment-based screening structural information is often a critical step in moving the programme forward. X-ray crystallography is a very powerful technology for use in converting a "hit" into a lead for drug discovery. However, the experimental overheads have historically been too high for it to be widely used for primary screening. The <a href="http://www.diamond.ac.uk/Beamlines/Mx/Fragment-Screening.html">X-Chem project at Diamond</a> aims to make the technology more widely accessible.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>At Diamond beamline I04-1, the full X-ray screening experiment has now been implemented as a highly streamlined process, allowing up to 1000 compounds to be screened individually in less than a week (including 36 hours' unattended beamtime).  The process covers soaking, harvesting, automatic data collection, and data analysis; fragment libraries are available, though users can bring their own. </p>
</blockquote>

<p>An <a href="http://www.diamond.ac.uk/Beamlines/Mx/Fragment-Screening/Experiment-Checklist.html">overview of the process is available here</a> in practice,  users must generate the crystals in their home lab, and are required to come and perform soaking and harvesting themselves. Users do not need to be present for the X-ray data collection when data is collected automatically. Data analysis builds on the existing automatic data processing, and they have developed tools to streamline density interpretation and refinement (PanDDA and XChemExplorer).  Use of these tools at Diamond is optional but highly recommended.</p>

<p>Whilst users are free to bring their own libraries a <a href="http://www.diamond.ac.uk/Beamlines/Mx/Fragment-Screening/Fragment-Libraries.html">number of libraries are also available</a> these include the Maybridge 1000, Edelris fragments, and Diamond-SGC Poised Library (DSPL), a fragment library designed to allow rapid, cheap follow-up synthesis to provide quick SAR data. The calculated physicochemical properties of the DSPL fragment collection are shown below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="test10png" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/test10png.png" width="900" height="600" /></p>

<p>For more details on the design of the library O. B. Cox, K. Krojer, P. Collins, O. Monteiro, R. Talon, A. Bradley, O. Fedorov, J. Amin, B. D. Marsden, J. Spencer, F. von Delft, P. E. Brennan, A poised fragment library enables rapid synthetic expansion yielding the first reported inhibitors of PHIP(2), an atypical bromodomain. Chem. Sci.,2016. 7: p. 2322-2330 <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5SC03115J">DOI</a>.</p>

<p>There is more information in this podcast <a href="https://www.ndm.ox.ac.uk/frank-von-delft-x-rays-for-drug-discovery">https://www.ndm.ox.ac.uk/frank-von-delft-x-rays-for-drug-discovery</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Target validation and antibodies</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2017-06-18T08:57:54+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4854ddca6eb37c01d9f12085aac1363d-275.html#unique-entry-id-275</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4854ddca6eb37c01d9f12085aac1363d-275.html#unique-entry-id-275</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A couple of years ago <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/974594a45505303bb23b158016faee70-186.html">I mentioned an article reviewing antibody selectivity</a> </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>In 2011, an evaluation of 246 antibodies used in epigenetic studies found that one-quarter failed tests for specificity, meaning that they often bound to more than one target. Four antibodies were perfectly specific &mdash; but to the wrong target.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The issue of antibody selectivity has again been flagged as a concern in oestrogen receptor beta research <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms15840">DOI</a>. This is a major target for breast cancer research and there are multiple ongoing clinical trials <a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=ER&beta;">https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=ER&beta;</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>We here perform a rigorous validation of 13 anti-ER&beta; antibodies, using well-characterized controls and a panel of validation methods. We conclude that <strong>only one antibody</strong>, the rarely used monoclonal PPZ0506, specifically targets ER&beta; in immunohistochemistry.</p>

<p>Applying this antibody for protein expression profiling in 44 normal and 21 malignant human tissues, we detect ER&beta; protein in testis, ovary, lymphoid cells, granulosa cell tumours, and a subset of malignant melanoma and thyroid cancers. We do not find evidence of expression in normal or cancerous human breast.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Perhaps more worryingly the authors comment.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>While our study focuses on ER&beta;, we do not think that antibodies towards ER&beta; are significantly poorer than those targeting other proteins, and it is not unlikely that this problem generates similar obstacles in many other fields.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>As I wrote on the <a href="../resources/targetvalidation.html" title="Target Validation">Target Validation page</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Remember this is an absolutely critical step, almost everything else can be fixed.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Computational Tools Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Computational chemistry</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2017-06-14T14:04:10+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/22e125e113c0f05ded10423ffc2931f5-274.html#unique-entry-id-274</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/22e125e113c0f05ded10423ffc2931f5-274.html#unique-entry-id-274</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've updated the <a href="../resources/lead_identification/computational_chemistry_tools.html" title="Computation Chemistry Tools">computational tools page</a> in the <a href="../resources/" title="Drug Discovery Resources">Drug Discovery Resources</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Encouraging early results for the drug delaying onset of Motor Neurone discovered by artificial intelligence</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>artificial intelligence</category><dc:date>2017-05-29T06:47:03+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a356ea4977917cc804b10f9d086d749f-273.html#unique-entry-id-273</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a356ea4977917cc804b10f9d086d749f-273.html#unique-entry-id-273</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Motor neurone disease (MND) describes a group of diseases that affect the nerves (motor neurones) in the brain and spinal cord, is is likely that there are multiple molecular targets. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) also known as Lou Gehrig's disease is the most common form of MND. Edaravone was recently approved for the treatment of ALS but the mechanism is unknown. It is a free radical scavenger and oxidative stress has been hypothesised to be part of the process that kills neurones in people with ALS. However new treatments are urgently needed.</p>

<p>For this reason I was particularly interested to read about a <a href="http://www.benevolent.ai/news/announcements/ai-enabled-research-shows-delay-in-onset-of-motor-neurone-disease/">potential novel treatment for ALS</a> arising from work between <a href="http://www.benevolent.ai">Benevolnet.ai</a> and <a href="http://www.sitran.org">Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience</a>. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The study, led by Dr. Richard Mead and Dr. Laura Ferraiuolo at SITraN, assessed the efficacy of a drug candidate proposed by BenevolentAI's artificial Intelligence technology for Motor Neuron Disease (MND), also known as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). SITraN found there are significant and reproducible indications that the drug prevents the death of motor neurones in patient cell models, and delayed the onset of the disease in the gold standard model of ALS&hellip;Dr. Richard Mead of SITraN commented: "This is an exciting development in our research for a treatment for ALS. BenevolentAI came to us with some newly identified compounds discovered by their technology - two of which were new to us in the field and, following this research, are now looking very promising. Our plan now is to conduct further detailed testing and continue to quickly progress towards a potential treatment for ALS."</p>
</blockquote>

<p>SITraN expect to publish an abstract at the <a href="https://www.mndassociation.org/research/international-symposium/">Motor Neurone Disease Association 28th International Symposium in Boston in December 2017</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Heart on a chip</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Toxicity</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2017-05-24T12:10:40+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1b7bc25268baeb8630fa363727eb55a6-272.html#unique-entry-id-272</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1b7bc25268baeb8630fa363727eb55a6-272.html#unique-entry-id-272</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Cardiotoxicity is a major hurdle for all drug discovery programs and so I'm always interested in ways that any potential liabilities can be flagged without the need to go into whole animals. A recent publication highlights progress in developing a novel model system.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes were cultured as a model system, and used to validate the platform with an excitation&ndash;contraction decoupling chemical. Preliminary data using the platform to investigate the effect of the drug norepinephrine are combined with computational efforts. This platform provides a quantitative and predictive assay system that can potentially be used for comprehensive assessment of cardiac toxicity earlier in the drug discovery process. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C7LC00210F">DOI</a>.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ChEMBL_23 released</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Databases</category><category>Antibiotics</category><category>Malaria</category><dc:date>2017-05-19T16:27:02+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/82cdd17f70a203cf88d413899bb9f418-271.html#unique-entry-id-271</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/82cdd17f70a203cf88d413899bb9f418-271.html#unique-entry-id-271</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>ChEMBL_23 has been released, it was prepared on 1st May 2017 and contains:</p>

<ul>
<li>2,101,843 compound records</li>
<li>1,735,442 compounds (of which 1,727,112 have mol files)</li>
<li>14,675,320 activities</li>
<li>1,302,147 assays</li>
<li>11,538 targets</li>
<li>67,722 source documents</li>
</ul>

<p>Data can be downloaded from the ChEMBL ftp site:&nbsp;<span style="color:#1A67AD;"><a href="ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/chembl/ChEMBLdb/releases/chembl_23">ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/chembl/ChEMBLdb/releases/chembl_23</a></span><span style="color:#1A67AD;">
</span><br>
Also includes</p>

<p><strong>Deposited Data Sets</strong><br>
CO-ADD, <a href="http://www.co-add.org">The Community for Open Antimicrobial Drug Discovery</a>, is a global open-access screening initiative launched in February 2015 to uncover significant and rich chemical diversity held outside of corporate screening collections. CO-ADD provides unencumbered free antimicrobial screening for any interested academic researcher. &nbsp;CO-ADD has been recognised as a novel approach in the fight against superbugs by the Wellcome Trust, who have provided funding through their Strategic Awards initiative. Open Source Malaria (OSM) is aimed at finding new medicines for malaria using open source drug discovery, where all data and ideas are freely shared, there are no barriers to participation, and no restriction by patents. The initial set of deposited data from the CO-ADD project consists of OSM compounds screened in CO-ADD assays (DOI = 10.6019/CHEMBL3832881).</p>

<p>Modelled on the Malaria Box, the MMV Pathogen Box contains 400 diverse, drug-like molecules active against neglected diseases of interest and is available free of charge (http://www.pathogenbox.org). The Pathogen Box compounds are supplied in 96-well plates, containing 10 uL of a 10mM dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution of each compound. Upon request, researchers around the world will receive a Pathogen Box of molecules to help catalyse neglected disease drug discovery. In return, researchers are asked to share any data generated in the public domain within 2 years, creating an open and collaborative forum for neglected diseases drug research. The initial set of assay data provided by MMV has now been included in ChEMBL (DOI = 10.6019/CHEMBL3832761).<span style="color:#1A67AD;">
</span></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The European Lead Factory Works!</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><category>elf</category><dc:date>2017-05-02T07:20:15+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/98ad66b3de74f8c2de095b6b0b1f1610-270.html#unique-entry-id-270</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/98ad66b3de74f8c2de095b6b0b1f1610-270.html#unique-entry-id-270</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/#">European Lead Factory</a> (ELF) is a collaborative public-private partnership aiming to deliver novel lead molecules for drug discovery programs. When the consortium was formed around 5 years ago there was a lot of scepticism about whether a group of 30 partners rating from large Pharma companies to small academic groups could ever agree on a legal framework that would allow the ELF to function. In a addition, in an industry where confidentiality was critical to maintaining intellectual property the idea that a group of large Pharma companies would share their sample collections often regarded as the "Crown Jewels" seemed impossible. However I was at the European Lead factory Stakeholder Meeting (24-25 April 2017) and it is clear that is has been a success.</p>

<p><a href="../publications/elf.html" title="ELF works!">Read More&hellip;</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>FDA approves deutetrabenazine</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2017-04-29T10:59:41+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4f6b602b1cb4d037e34a1cc1e3bd6466-269.html#unique-entry-id-269</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4f6b602b1cb4d037e34a1cc1e3bd6466-269.html#unique-entry-id-269</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The FDA have approved deutetrabenazine, the deuterated analog of tetrabenazine, for chorea associated with Huntington disease. This represents an example of perhaps the simplest bioisostere and the first example to gain FDA approval.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Deutetrabenazine" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/deutetrabenazine.png" width="476" height="252" /></p>

<p>There are <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" title="Bioisosteres">several other examples of the H to D change</a> to reduce the rate of metabolism and improve pharmacokinetics.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>First Disclosures at ACS San Francisco</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2017-04-07T12:33:47+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e22b26f5adbfd455a4ab46281ad5e00d-268.html#unique-entry-id-268</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e22b26f5adbfd455a4ab46281ad5e00d-268.html#unique-entry-id-268</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The ACS session organised by Division of Medicinal Chemistry includes a day of first disclosures of potential clinical candidates for the first time. <a href="https://twitter.com/beth_halford">Beth Halford</a> was there and tweeted a series of hands drawn structures as they were disclosed. I've redrawn the structures and converted them into a single sdf file. I've also used <a href="http://www.macinchem.org/reviews/ipython/calcproperties2.php">Jupyter Notebook</a> to calculate the physicochemical properties and plot them as shown in the image below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="test2png" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/test2png.png" width="750" height="500" /></p>

<p>As can be seen, many of the compounds are on the large size with molecular weights >450, a third of them have ionisable groups which serves to bring down the calculated LogD. All molecules contain an aromatic ring, indeed many contain multiple rings. Interestingly we see a number of examples where a biphenyl ring system bears multiple ortho substituents presumably locking the two aryl rings orthogonal, no mention of atrope isomers though. This might also reduce the planarity and increase the 3D shape.</p>

<p>The sdf file is available here <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/FirstDisclosures.sdf.zip">FirstDisclosures.sdf.zip</a> if anyone spots any errors in the structures please let me know.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources Updates</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2017-03-29T08:48:07+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/05a4b00c7d571525ccee42b54c39224b-267.html#unique-entry-id-267</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/05a4b00c7d571525ccee42b54c39224b-267.html#unique-entry-id-267</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've been updating the <a href="../resources/" title="Drug Discovery Resources">Drug Discovery Resources</a> section.</p>

<p>In particular I've added a section on <a href="../resources/lead_identification/bioactivites.html" title="Predicting bioactivity">target prediction tools</a>, updated the section on <a href="../resources/hit_identification/analysis_hts_data.html" title="Analysis of HTS data">Analysis of HTS data</a>, and expanded the section on <a href="../resources/hit_identification/aggregation.html" title="Aggregation">aggregation in bioassays</a> to include a recent publication giving an example of target specific aggregation.</p>

<p>The crystal structure showing the interaction is available (PDB 5MU8) and is displayed below using <a href="http://3dmol.csb.pitt.edu">3Dmol.js</a>, the ligand (JNJ525) is shown in red..</p>

<div id="my-colorscheme-test" style="width: 700px; height: 700px; position: relative;"></div>

<p><button id="toggle-surface">Show surface</button></p>

<script>
    var viewer = $3Dmol.createViewer($("#my-colorscheme-test"));
    viewer.setBackgroundColor(0xffffffff);
    $3Dmol.download('pdb:5mu8', viewer, {} , function(m) {
      var protein = {resn: ["JNI"], invert: 1}
       viewer.setStyle(protein, {'cartoon':{colorscheme:{prop:'ss',map:$3Dmol.ssColors.Jmol}}});
      // viewer.addSurface($3Dmol.SurfaceType.VDW, {opacity: 0.7, color: "white"}, protein, protein);
       //viewer.setStyle({hetflag: true}, {stick: {color: 'red'}})

      viewer.setStyle({resn: 'JNI'}, {stick: {color: 'red'}})
       viewer.zoomTo();
       viewer.render();
    });

    // Keep track of whether the surface is shown
    var surfaceOn = false;

    // Event listener for when the button is clicked
    $('#toggle-surface').on('click', function() {
      if (surfaceOn) {
        // Remove surface(s) and change button text
        viewer.removeAllSurfaces();
        $(this).text('Show surface');
        surfaceOn = false;
      } else {
        // Add the surface and change button text
        var protein = {resn: ["JNI"], invert: 1}
        viewer.addSurface($3Dmol.SurfaceType.VDW, {opacity: 0.7, color: "white"}, protein, protein);
        $(this).text('Hide surface');
        surfaceOn = true;
      }
    });


</script>

<p><h4>Mouse Controls</h4><table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Movement</th>
<th>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
<th style="text-align:left">Mouse Input</th>
<th>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</th>
<th>Touch Input</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Rotation</td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align:left">Primary Mouse Button</td>
<td></td>
<td>Single touch</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Translation</td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align:left">Middle Mouse Button or Ctrl+Primary</td>
<td></td>
<td>Triple touch</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Zoom</td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align:left">Scroll Wheel or Second Mouse Button or Shift+Primary</td>
<td></td>
<td>Pinch (double touch)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Slab</td>
<td></td>
<td style="text-align:left">Ctrl+Second</td>
<td></td>
<td>Not Available</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</table></p>

<p>In addition I've updated the section on <a href="../resources/molecular_interactions.html" title="Molecular Interactions">molecular interactions</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>European Lead factory Newsletter</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2017-03-17T14:31:53+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bcc598325c5467b0e555fdbd54e112db-266.html#unique-entry-id-266</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bcc598325c5467b0e555fdbd54e112db-266.html#unique-entry-id-266</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The latest issue of the <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/results/news/news-items/">European Lead Factory Newsletter</a> has just been published.</p>

<p>Highlights include the European Lead Factory recently reached the milestone of having received over 1,000 chemical library proposals for consideration. To date, 143,529 novel compounds, out of the 200,000 prospected compounds for the Public Compound Collection, have been synthesized, which means that the ELF compound collection grows daily by approximately 250 novel compounds to eventually constitute the 500,000 Joint European Compound Library (JECL).</p>

<p>Parkinson&rsquo;s UK and the University of Sheffield have launched a joint venture biotech company, Keapstone Therapeutics. Parkinson&rsquo;s UK has allocated 1 million GBP over the next sixteen months to further develop compounds that boost the internal cellular defence mechanisms against oxidative stress. These compounds were discovered by European Lead Factory.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>19th RSC / SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2017-03-10T07:32:58+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/74d8a1a7c3b0184d6b3d126142f55690-265.html#unique-entry-id-265</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/74d8a1a7c3b0184d6b3d126142f55690-265.html#unique-entry-id-265</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The 19th RSC / SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium takes place 10th-13th September 2017 at Churchill College, Cambridge, UK. This biennial meeting is one of the highlights of the drug discover calendar. The full lecture timetable can be <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/CMCsecondannouncement.pdf">downloaded here</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="CMC - second announcement copy" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cmc---second-announcement-copy.png" width="702" height="992" /></p>

<p>Call for Posters<br>
Contributions from the whole field of medicinal chemistry are invited. Flash presentation sessions are planned which will involve a two-minute presentation of poster highlights. Poster abstract submissions should be sent to the secretariat by 16th April if you wish to take advantage of the early-bird registration fee and indicate whether or not you would like to be included for consideration in the flash presentation session. The final deadline for submission of posters is 21st July.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/CMC/">Registration is now open</a> and delegates are encouraged to book early to ensure places at this very popular meeting. Discounted rates are available to RSC and SCI student members, and some student bursaries are available. Applications are invited from PhD and post-doctoral students studying at European academic institutions, preferably members of the RSC, SCI or EFMC. Those submitting abstracts for poster presentation will be favoured. To apply for a student bursary, please complete and return the bursary application form by 21st July.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The Ecstasy and Agony of Assay Interference Compounds</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2017-03-08T12:03:47+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e4d19986d803a968a528f8d8306f8cbd-264.html#unique-entry-id-264</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e4d19986d803a968a528f8d8306f8cbd-264.html#unique-entry-id-264</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There is an editorial in ACS Central Science <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.7b00069">DOI</a> that I would encourage everyone involved in hit identification to read.</p>

<p>A couple of quotes will give you an idea of the content</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Alarmingly, up to 80&ndash;100% of initial hits from screening can be artefacts if appropriate control experiments are not employed. </p>

<p>it is important to realize that no PAINS-containing drug has ever been developed starting from a protein-reactive PAINS target-based screening hit</p>
</blockquote>

<p>They also emphasise the critical need for experimental validation for any screening hit.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Such validation experiments include classic dose response curves, lack of incubation effects, imperviousness to mild reductants, and specificity versus counter-screening targets. If a molecule is flagged as a potential PAINS or aggregator using published patterns but is well-behaved by these criteria, it may be a true, well-behaved ligand. Ultimately, genuine SAR combined with careful mechanistic study provides the most convincing evidence for a specific interaction. Covalent and spectroscopic interference molecules act via specific physical mechanisms, for which controls are known. Colloidal aggregation, fortunately, is readily identified by rapid mechanistic tests and by counter-screening.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>In addition you need to consider compound identify and purity, reproducing the activity with an authentic sample is essential.</p>

<p>Whilst time-consuming this validation work will save a fortune in the future.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The BMCS Mastering MedChem III: 3rd RSC-BMCS symposium on mastering medicinal chemistry</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2017-03-04T08:13:53+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4eed95c14229515fccd47f4088b0ebd4-263.html#unique-entry-id-263</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4eed95c14229515fccd47f4088b0ebd4-263.html#unique-entry-id-263</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.rsc.org/events/detail/23775/the-bmcs-mastering-medchem-iii-3rd-rsc-bmcs-symposium-on-mastering-medicinal-chemistry">This meeting</a> is aimed at all those who wish to become better drug hunters and heed warnings from the past. (22 March 2017 09:00-19:00, Cardiff Bay, United Kingdom).</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>In the main there are two types of drug discovery programmes: those that hit serious problems and those that are going to hit serious problems. The difference between success and failure is how we, as medicinal chemists, tackle and resolve the problems</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Sounds a great meeting both for those starting out in their careers and for those looking to pick up new tips.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>WHO publishes list of bacteria for which new antibiotics are urgently needed</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Antibiotics</category><dc:date>2017-02-27T18:22:48+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/292de120ff03dbaddd9a14cb9224df39-262.html#unique-entry-id-262</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/292de120ff03dbaddd9a14cb9224df39-262.html#unique-entry-id-262</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The World Health Organisation has published a list of the top 12 bacteria for which antibiotics are urgently needed in an effort to focus research.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The list highlights in particular the threat of gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to multiple antibiotics. These bacteria have built-in abilities to find new ways to resist treatment and can pass along genetic material that allows other bacteria to become drug-resistant as well.</p>
</blockquote>

<p><a href="http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2017/bacteria-antibiotics-needed/en/">WHO priority pathogens list for R&amp;D of new antibiotics</a></p>

<p>Priority 1: CRITICAL</p>

<ul>
<li>Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem-resistant</li>
<li>Pseudomonas aeruginosa, carbapenem-resistant</li>
<li>Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem-resistant, ESBL-producing</li>
</ul>

<p>Priority 2: HIGH</p>

<ul>
<li>Enterococcus faecium, vancomycin-resistant</li>
<li>Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant, vancomycin-intermediate and resistant</li>
<li>Helicobacter pylori, clarithromycin-resistant</li>
<li>Campylobacter spp., fluoroquinolone-resistant</li>
<li>Salmonellae, fluoroquinolone-resistant</li>
<li>Neisseria gonorrhoeae, cephalosporin-resistant, fluoroquinolone-resistant</li>
</ul>

<p>Priority 3: MEDIUM</p>

<ul>
<li>Streptococcus pneumoniae, penicillin-non-susceptible</li>
<li>Haemophilus influenzae, ampicillin-resistant</li>
<li>Shigella spp., fluoroquinolone-resistant</li>
</ul>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>

<h2>Update</h2>

<p>The <a href="http://www.co-add.org">Community for Open Antibiotic Drug Discovery</a> (CO-ADD)  screen compounds for antimicrobial activity for academic research groups for free. The screening includes the top 5 pathogens listed in the WHO priority list,  as well as the fungi C. neoformans and C. albicans.  Details on how to send compounds are <a href="http://www.co-add.org/content/compound-submission?_ga=1.70665107.2004966856.1463638437">here</a>. All they require is 1mg (or 50uL at 10 mg/mL) of pure compound  which will be used for primary screening, hit confirmation, and if active will be used for a broader antimicrobial screening, cytotoxicity and a check for its purity.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Predicting bioactivities</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Computational chemistry</category><dc:date>2017-02-27T10:09:15+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/579c0e5f365badcf9e79b92dc7109a41-261.html#unique-entry-id-261</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/579c0e5f365badcf9e79b92dc7109a41-261.html#unique-entry-id-261</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Small molecules can potentially bind to a variety of bimolecular targets and whilst counter-screening against a wide variety of targets is feasible it can be rather expensive and probably only realistic for when a compound has been identified as of particular interest. For this reason there is considerable interest in building computational models to predict potential interactions. With the advent of large data sets of well annotated biological activity such as <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/">ChEMBL</a> and <a href="http://bindingdb.org/bind/index.jsp">BindingDB</a> this has become possible.</p>

<p>These predictions may aid understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the molecules bioactivity and predicting potential side effects or cross-reactivity. </p>

<p><a href="../resources/lead_identification/bioactivites.html" title="Predicting bioactivity">A variety of options are summarised on this page.</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Peptidyl-Prolyl cis-trans Isomerase (PPIase) assays</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2017-02-22T09:48:52+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9c7be197ad6d04b0405de6890a6ddbb6-260.html#unique-entry-id-260</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9c7be197ad6d04b0405de6890a6ddbb6-260.html#unique-entry-id-260</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Having worked wit Selcia on a number of projects I always keep an eye out for news on their work on Peptidyl-Prolyl cis-trans Isomerases (PPIase). These are very interesting class of enzymes whose principal function is to catalyse the cis-trans isomerisation of the X-Pro peptide bonds in polypeptide chains (where X is any amino acid). This transformation is thought to be a mechanism to modulate protein function. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="PPIase" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ppiase.png" width="362" height="138" /></p>

<p>PPIase enzyme targets are of increasing interest in drug discovery due to the extensive potential of small molecule inhibitors in a range of <a href="http://www.selcia.com/ppiase-services/biological-properties-and-therapeutic-potential-of">therapeutic areas</a>, including infection, inflammation, cancer and neuroprotection.</p>

<p>Selcia have now expanded the range of <a href="http://www.selcia.com/PPIase-Services/PPIase-Overview">Peptidyl-Prolyl cis-trans Isomerase (PPIase) assays they can offer</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Source Malaria Competition</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><category>OSM</category><dc:date>2017-02-13T07:34:16+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5efeac07938039f8b617cae74f01fa6f-259.html#unique-entry-id-259</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5efeac07938039f8b617cae74f01fa6f-259.html#unique-entry-id-259</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Open Source Malaria group are running a competition to develop a computational model that predicts which molecules will block the malaria parasite's ion pump, PfATP4.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>PfATP4 is an important target for the development of new drugs for malaria. We are providing a dataset of actives and inactives. The challenge is to use the data to develop a model that allows us to (better) design compounds that will be active against that target.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The competition will close on 31st March 2017. </p>

<p>The details of the competition can be found here <a href="https://github.com/OpenSourceMalaria/OSM_To_Do_List/issues/421">https://github.com/OpenSourceMalaria/OSM<em>To</em>Do_List/issues/421</a> and the video below gives more information</p>

<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/fnhn2Ow3sY0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

<p>There is a Jupyter notebook that can be used to to access the information here <a href="http://www.macinchem.org/reviews/osm/osmipython.php">http://www.macinchem.org/reviews/osm/osmipython.php</a> or you can access the information in this google document <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Rvy6OiM291d1GN_cyT6eSw_C3lSuJ1jaR7AJa8hgGsc/edit#gid=510297618">https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Rvy6OiM291d1GN<em>cyT6eSw</em>C3lSuJ1jaR7AJa8hgGsc/edit#gid=510297618</a>, but remember the competition is a predictive model for <strong>series 4 </strong>only.</p>

<p>More details on Open Source Malaria</p>

<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kfnGLbrqN94" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>28th symposium on Medicinal Chemistry in Eastern England</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2017-02-10T15:41:07+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3c158972d814b36c86a2c725749e4b81-258.html#unique-entry-id-258</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3c158972d814b36c86a2c725749e4b81-258.html#unique-entry-id-258</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>28th symposium on Medicinal Chemistry in Eastern England, Thursday 27th April 2017, The Fielder Centre, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK<br>
Organised by      RSC-BMCS (Royal Society of Chemistry &ndash; Biological and Medicinal Chemistry Sector)</p>

<p><a href="http://www.rsc.org/events/detail/25343/27th-symposium-on-medicinal-chemistry-in-eastern-england">More details</a></p>

<p>Programme</p>

<p>09.00     Registration, refreshments and exhibition<br>
Session chair:  Adrian Hall, UCB<br>
09.30     Opening remarks<br>
               Nicole Hamblin, GlaxoSmithKline<br>
09.35     From phenotypic hit to a validated target for tuberculosis<br>
               Robert Bates, GlaxoSmithKline<br>
10.10     Discovery of potent inhibitors of the lysophospholipase autotaxin<br>
               Prit Shah, Cancer Research Technology<br>
10.45     Refreshments and exhibition<br>
11.15     Development of Tesirine: a clinical antibody-drug conjugate pyrrolobenzodiazepine payload: medicinal chemistry at the frontier between small molecules and biologics<br>
               Arnaud Tiberghien, Spirogen<br>
11.50     NMR conformational analysis in molecular design &ndash; case studies and impact<br>
               Martin Packer, AstraZeneca<br>
12.25     Highly potent cell-penetrant inhibitors of the KEAP1-NRF2 protein-protein interaction via X-ray fragment screening<br>
               Charlotte Griffiths-Jones, Astex Pharmaceuticals<br>
13.00     Lunch and exhibition<br>
 <br> <br />
Session Chair: Simon Ward, University of Sussex<br>
14:05     Selective on-target chemical probes of protein-protein interactions<br>
               Alessio Ciulli, University of Dundee<br>
14.40     Solid state studies of a preclinical candidate in a CRO environment: the importance of de-risking early<br>
               Russell Scammell, Charles River<br>
15.15     Refreshments and exhibition<br>
15.45     Drug discovery case study<br>
               Tom Miller, Shire<br>
16.20     Optimisation of a series of novel smoothened inhibitors<br>
               Matilda Bingham, RedX<br>
16.55     Concluding remarks<br>
17.00     Close<br>
<br></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>RSC Medicinal Chemistry Residential School</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Training</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2017-02-09T08:43:42+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/29a685b1f66f11f0a2c7a2148be8224c-257.html#unique-entry-id-257</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/29a685b1f66f11f0a2c7a2148be8224c-257.html#unique-entry-id-257</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've been a tutor at the RSC MedChem School on a number of occasions and I can say this is an excellent opportunity for scientists new to drug discovery to benefit from an understanding of all aspects of the drug discovery process, from target and hit identification, through ADME and computational chemistry, to patents and safety studies.</p>

<p>The <a href="http://www.rsc.org/events/detail/23194/medicinal-chemistry-residential-school-2017">2017 Medicinal Chemistry Residential School</a> takes place 11 - 16 June, Loughborough UK, it is always very popular so well worth signing up early.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The 2017 Residential School will take place over 5 days and content is delivered by experts in the field from industry and academia. The programme includes lectures focusing on the fundamental principles of drug discovery, hands-on tutorials allowing delegates to put into practice what they have learnt and case histories from previous drug discovery projects. The programme will also include an evening lecture from a distinguished speaker.
Throughout the week course tutors and speakers will be available for informal discussion and there will be plenty of opportunities to network with the broad range of academic and industrial researchers in attendance.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>SkinSensDB added to drug discovery resources</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2017-02-07T11:10:32+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b9042c8b9e3db554c4b600944de59d3b-256.html#unique-entry-id-256</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b9042c8b9e3db554c4b600944de59d3b-256.html#unique-entry-id-256</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've added SkinSensDB to the Drug Discovery Resources page covering <a href="../resources/databases.html" title="Chemistry and Biology Databases">Chemistry and Biology Databases</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Skin sensitization is an important toxicological endpoint for chemical hazard determination and safety assessment&hellip;.SkinSensDB has been constructed by curating data from published AOP-related assays. In addition to providing datasets for developing computational models, SkinSensDB is equipped with browsing and search tools which enable the assessment of new compounds for their skin sensitization potentials based on data from structurally similar compounds. </p>
</blockquote>

<p>SkinSensDB: a curated database for skin sensitization assays <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13321-017-0194-2">DOI</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragments 2017</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>Conferences</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2017-02-06T09:52:30+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2ff29228fc584e792a1b8999c923f964-255.html#unique-entry-id-255</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2ff29228fc584e792a1b8999c923f964-255.html#unique-entry-id-255</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html" title="Fragment Based Screening">Fragment-based screening</a> is now a well established methodology for the identification of leads for drug discovery and the aim of the <a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/fragments_2017.htm">6th RSC-BMCS Fragment-based Drug Discovery meeting</a> will be to continue the focus on case studies in Fragment-based Drug Discovery that have delivered compounds to late stage medicinal chemistry, preclinical or clinical programmes.</p>

<p><p style="text-align:center;"><img class="imageStyle" alt="fragments-image-web" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fragments-image-web.gif" width="554" height="330" /></p>

<p>6th RSC-BMCS Fragment-based Drug Discovery meeting<br>
Sunday to Tuesday, 5th to 7th March 2017<br>
at Parkhotel Sch&ouml;nbrunn, Vienna, Austria<br></p>

<p>Full details and <a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs/fragments_2017_online_reg.htm">registration are online</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Wellcome Trust Innovation for Impact</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Funding</category><dc:date>2017-02-02T19:02:49+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f11d6fd932f4244ebf13af2f06d669d3-254.html#unique-entry-id-254</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f11d6fd932f4244ebf13af2f06d669d3-254.html#unique-entry-id-254</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I know many groups in the UK have projects funded under Wellcome Trust (WT) "Seeding Drug Discovery" funding program, this program has been running successfully for many years but it was recently announced that there was to be a review of the WT funding activities. The results of the review are now available on the website <a href="http://dmtrk.net/2PXJ-E0XO-23KRZ4WBE/cr.aspx">http://dmtrk.net/2PXJ-E0XO-23KRZ4WBE/cr.aspx</a>.</p>

<p>Key points are:-</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>In February 2017 Wellcome will be launching &lsquo;Innovator Awards&rsquo; for proposals of up to &pound;500k. One of the aims of this scheme will be to encourage people that do not currently work with us to apply - including translators and innovators from outside of the life and medical science community. We think this is important because new technology has the potential to transform biomedical science, as well as have significant applications to health.</p>

<p>We believe that in order to achieve greater impact on human health - we also need to focus on a smaller number of activities - something that we refer to as Flagships. An example of an existing Flagship is the Hilleman Laboratories &ndash; an R&amp;D facility in New Delhi, dedicated to generating new vaccines. This is a joint venture between Wellcome and Merck, USA. We also consider our recently announced Wellcome Centres at Kings College, Dundee University and UCL as Flagships.</p>

<p>We will remain open to great ideas in any area. In our first year much of our support will focus on ideas and solutions involving mental health, neurological disorders and neglected tropical diseases, but these are not exclusive and other areas of particular interest will be announced in the future.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I have to say I delighted to see the focus on mental health and neglected tropical diseases, areas which I've tried to support.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources Site Update</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Website</category><dc:date>2017-01-29T15:40:13+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0d8ea5350c09f166bcb9fbad938018bb-253.html#unique-entry-id-253</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0d8ea5350c09f166bcb9fbad938018bb-253.html#unique-entry-id-253</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've completed a few updates to the <a href="../resources/" title="Drug Discovery Resources">Drug Discovery Resources </a>website, this includes fixing any broken links that people have mentioned to me, and also starting a new section in the Pre-clinical toxicity on <a href="../resources/mutagenicity.html" title="Mutagenicity">Mutagenicity</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Target Validation or not</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2017-01-19T13:37:52+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fdbb3cbf88dfbb0422cd02587129e943-252.html#unique-entry-id-252</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fdbb3cbf88dfbb0422cd02587129e943-252.html#unique-entry-id-252</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The reproducibility of some target identification/validation studies has been questioned on several occasions and I've flagged up some of the concerns in the <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/targetvalidation.html">Target Validation</a> section of the Drug Discovery Resources. A recent study, reported in Science 28 August 2015: Vol. 349 no. 6251 <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aac4716">DOI</a> looking at psychological science, attempted to replicate published work suggests that 39% of effects replicated the original result. Also Amgen, tried to replicate 53 'landmark' cancer studies and failed to replicate the original studies in all but six occasions, Nature 483, 531&ndash;533 (29 March 2012) <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/483531a">DOI</a>.</p>

<p>A while back a project was initiated to look at reproducibility in cancer, Science Forum: An open investigation of the reproducibility of cancer biology research <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.04333">DOI</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>It is widely believed that research that builds upon previously published findings has reproduced the original work. However, it is rare for researchers to perform or publish direct replications of existing results. The Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology is an open investigation of reproducibility in preclinical cancer biology research. We have identified 50 high impact cancer biology articles published in the period 2010-2012, and plan to replicate a subset of experimental results from each article. A Registered Report detailing the proposed experimental designs and protocols for each subset of experiments will be peer reviewed and published prior to data collection. The results of these experiments will then be published in a Replication Study. The resulting open methodology and dataset will provide evidence about the reproducibility of high-impact results, and an opportunity to identify predictors of reproducibility.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Well some of the early results are in and they make for pretty sobering if not unexpected reading, of the first 7 papers examined, 2 appear to reproduce the original finding to some extent, three show significant differences from the original studies. The results are published in <a href="https://elifesciences.org/collections/reproducibility-project-cancer-biology">eLife here</a> and there is an editorial here <a href="https://elifesciences.org/collections/reproducibility-project-cancer-biology">DOI</a>, and they make an important point. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>if all the original studies were reproducible, not all of them would be found to be reproducible, just based on chance. The experiments in the Reproducibility Project are typically powered to have an 80% probability of reproducing something that is true.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The key question is of course, is the failure to reproduce these results due to methodological differences not apparent from the described experimental or whether the fundamental result is invalid. At the moment if you are planning to invest in a drug discovery project based on a single publication then Caveat emptor.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Gates Foundation insists on open access publishing</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Open Access</category><dc:date>2017-01-15T08:29:26+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1cfb700f1d643e0204fe296dabc2bf5a-251.html#unique-entry-id-251</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1cfb700f1d643e0204fe296dabc2bf5a-251.html#unique-entry-id-251</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Gates foundation's policy on open access publishing became enforced from Jan 1st 2017 and so all research from Gates funded projects can only by published in Open Access journals.</p>

<p>The <a href="http://www.gatesfoundation.org/How-We-Work/General-Information/Open-Access-Policy">details of the policy are available online</a></p>

<p>In particular</p>

<ul>
<li><p>Publications Are Discoverable and Accessible Online.  Publications will be deposited in a specified repository(s) with proper tagging of metadata. </p></li>
<li><p>Publication Will Be On &ldquo;Open Access&rdquo; Terms.  All publications shall be published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Generic License (CC BY 4.0) or an equivalent license. This will permit all users of the publication to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and transform and build upon the material, including for any purpose (including commercial) without further permission or fees being required. </p></li>
</ul>

<p>The NIH insists that publications must be made freely available 12 months after publication, Wellcome Trust, also mandates OA publishing, but its policy permits a six-month embargo on making published papers open. CRUK currently encourage, and where an article processing charge is paid, require,  license research papers using the Creative Commons Attribution licence (CC-BY). The research councils in the UK have also committed to <a href="http://www.rcuk.ac.uk/documents/documents/rcukopenaccesspolicy-pdf/">Open Access publishing</a> as do <a href="http://www.dndi.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/DNDi_ScientificCommunicationsPolicy_May2015.pdf">DNDI</a>.</p>

<p>With charitable funding playing an increasingly important role in drug discovery complying with these Open Access requirements is likely to have a significant impact on the publication landscape.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The SULSA Assay Development Fund:</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2017-01-12T07:59:13+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3f5f38a8a4a4681623fa0e788f1e4e9b-250.html#unique-entry-id-250</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3f5f38a8a4a4681623fa0e788f1e4e9b-250.html#unique-entry-id-250</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've worked with a couple of academic groups who have a very interesting target but no small molecule leads. Whilst there are several places offering high-throughput screening the stumbling block is often development of a robust screening assay running in a high density format. Most academic groups have little experience in developing such an assay and to be honest will need to do so very infrequently.</p>

<p>The SULSA Assay Development Fund: accelerating translation of new biology from academia to pharma <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2016.09.028">DOI</a> describes efforts to support the development of such assays, work carried out in collaboration with the <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu">European Lead Factory in Newhouse</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>However, many scientifically interesting, novel molecular targets lack associated high-quality, robust assays suitable for hit finding and development. To bridge this gap, the Scottish Universities Life Sciences Alliance (SULSA) established a fund to develop assays to meet quality criteria such as those of the European Lead Factory. A diverse project portfolio was quickly assembled, and a review of the learnings and successful outcomes showed this fund as a new highly cost-effective model for leveraging significant follow-on resources, training early-career scientists and establishing a culture of translational drug discovery in the academic community.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>European Lead Factory technical acceptance criteria</p>

<ul>
<li>Minimally 384 wells (max 30 &mu;l)</li>
<li>Homogenous assay (no washing steps)</li>
<li>Defined endpoint</li>
<li>Z-prime >0.6</li>
<li>Readout stability >1 h</li>
<li>S/B signal >3</li>
<li>Incubation times &lt;4 h</li>
<li>DMSO tolerance: minimum 0.5%</li>
<li>All reagents minimally 8 h stable</li>
<li>Recombinant proteins(s) >80% pure</li>
</ul>

<p>Perhaps this quote sums things up very nicely.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>&lsquo;We only got so far in optimising our assay because in my opinion we do not have either the equipment or the personnel with the skill set required to do this efficiently. So being able to come and work at Newhouse where you are then surrounded by people who can identify quickly where assay improvements should be made and then pass on the knowledge of how to set about applying these changes (as well as gaining experience with various pieces of equipment) was invaluable.&rsquo;</p>
</blockquote>

<p>More details are available here <a href="http://www.sulsa.ac.uk/sites/sbsweb2.bio.ed.ac.uk.sulsa/files/downloads/SULSA_assay_development_fund_guidance_notes_4.pdf">http://www.sulsa.ac.uk/sites/sbsweb2.bio.ed.ac.uk.sulsa/files/downloads/SULSA<em>assay</em>development<em>fund</em>guidance<em>notes</em>4.pdf</a></p>

<p>The Wellcome Trust also provides Seed/Pathfinder awards that could cover similar projects.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Annual Site review</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2016-12-31T08:29:03+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3d965dc0bf6a15b54c22c91fd1ff4d09-249.html#unique-entry-id-249</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3d965dc0bf6a15b54c22c91fd1ff4d09-249.html#unique-entry-id-249</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As 2016 ends I'd like to take the chance to wish you all a Happy New Year and hope for great success in your drug discovery endeavours.</p>

<p>This website continues to increase in popularity with over 108,000 page views, an increase of 16% over the figure for 2015. The pages were visited by over 50,000 viewers and around a quarter of the visitors come back on multiple occasions suggesting they find it useful. The visitors come from 160 different countries with the US and UK topping the list.</p>

<p>The most viewed pages were</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/distribution.html">Distribution and Plasma Protein Binding</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/">Calculating Physicochemical Properties</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">Molecular Interactions</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/">Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/logD.html">Lipophilicity</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/solvation.html">Solvation and desolvation</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/formulation.html">Formulation</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment based screening</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/aspartic_protease_inhibitors.html">Aspartic Acid Protease Inhibitors</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/herg_activity.html">HERG</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/CYP_interactions.htmll">CYP Interactions</a></li>
</ul>

<p>Interestingly the <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/books.html">Books</a> and <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/grant_funds.html">Grant funding research</a> have seasonal peaks in viewing.</p>

<p>Looking at the operating systems 57% are Windows users, 22% Mac users, 10% iOS and 8% Android, Chrome dominates the browser stats (58%) with Safari second (20%) and Firefox third (15%).</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seasons Greetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2016-12-21T11:09:13+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bc423e2111b8575d1d9a0b4e5a5ce069-248.html#unique-entry-id-248</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bc423e2111b8575d1d9a0b4e5a5ce069-248.html#unique-entry-id-248</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="MerryChristmas" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/merrychristmas.png" width="629" height="573" /></p>

<p>As in previous years all monies saved for not sending greetings cards will be given to the <a href="https://www.mssociety.org.uk">Multiple Sclerosis Society</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Published Fragments Page Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2016-12-20T14:03:03+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/53557da58241c8c67d3c58358e09d8e9-246.html#unique-entry-id-246</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/53557da58241c8c67d3c58358e09d8e9-246.html#unique-entry-id-246</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've just updated the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html" title="Published Fragment Hits">published fragments page</a>. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="pubfrags" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/pubfrags.png" width="836" height="565" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Another European Lead Factory success</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>elf</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2016-12-16T08:37:41+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/de893b627a73bff39e12fd1229f52ed8-245.html#unique-entry-id-245</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/de893b627a73bff39e12fd1229f52ed8-245.html#unique-entry-id-245</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>We are now starting to see some of the results of the screening of academic projects at the <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/#">European Lead factory</a> that was initiated in 2013.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Dr Mahlapuu&rsquo;s group, based at the University of Gothenburg, first identified a new target which could be used to reverse metabolic complications in type 2 diabetes. With the help of the European Lead Factory experts, she then screened the Joint European Compound Library of the then 320,000 industry compounds and identified a set of selective and potent small molecules which interfere with this target.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>They have now formed a spinout company to develop these leads. ScandiCure has&nbsp;received 1 MSEK from the 2016 SWElife program to continue the development of first-in-class anti-diabetic drug based on small molecule antagonists of a novel key mediator - serine/threonine protein kinase 25 (STK25).</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated brain penetration page</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>Brain Pentration</category><dc:date>2016-12-09T16:15:33+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/99efc6913d2ab830cf0e9802c38b8344-244.html#unique-entry-id-244</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/99efc6913d2ab830cf0e9802c38b8344-244.html#unique-entry-id-244</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've updated the <a href="../resources/ADME/brian_penetration.html" title="Brain Penetration">brain penetration page</a> to include data from a recent publication, Small Molecule Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Brain Cancer <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00618">DOI</a> which discusses the issues with targeting brain and central nervous system cancers.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="macrolisation" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/macrolisation.png" width="421" height="214" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Nucleic Acid Research Database Issue</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2016-11-30T09:59:28+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/22a9258f1a7dfc54c512fdc46ae8177e-243.html#unique-entry-id-243</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/22a9258f1a7dfc54c512fdc46ae8177e-243.html#unique-entry-id-243</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've just been browsing through the <a href="http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/search?tocsectionid=Database+Issue&amp;sortspec=date&amp;submit=Submit">NAR Database issue</a> whilst the the historical focus was on molecular biology resources the current issue contains over 500 resources that would be of interest to drug discovery. In addition to well known databases like <a href="http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/11/28/nar.gkw1074.abstract?sid=7ddbc7e6-4c96-4231-ad05-0043c7050782">ChEMBL</a>, <a href="http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/11/29/nar.gkw1118.abstract?sid=7ddbc7e6-4c96-4231-ad05-0043c7050782">PubChem BioAssay</a> and <a href="http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/10/27/nar.gkw1000.abstract?sid=cafa0397-e2c8-44aa-9a87-7427a9596020">RCSB</a> there are many others. A few that caught my eye:</p>

<p><a href="http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/11/28/nar.gkw1068.abstract?sid=7ddbc7e6-4c96-4231-ad05-0043c7050782">TransportersDB</a> Database of membrane transporters<br>
<a href="http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/44/D1/D1220.abstract?sid=1ce274f9-56db-4523-aa92-fe013daf168d">SureChEMBL</a> Annotated patent database<br>
<a href="http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/44/D1/D938.abstract?sid=1ce274f9-56db-4523-aa92-fe013daf168d">canSAR</a> Cancer research and drug discovery knowledgebase<br>
<a href="http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/44/D1/D542.abstract?sid=3c2982bd-765d-4fff-962e-88e996d46da8">iPPI-DB</a> Modulators of protein-protein interactions <br>
<a href="http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/44/D1/D1080.abstract?sid=3c2982bd-765d-4fff-962e-88e996d46da8">Withdrawn</a> Withdrawn drugs<br>
<a href="http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/44/D1/D1080.abstract?sid=3c2982bd-765d-4fff-962e-88e996d46da8">Open Targets</a>  platform for therapeutic target identification and validation<br></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ELF and antibiotic resistance programme</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2016-11-18T09:18:16+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/965c425391e52e5388462333a9aaca89-242.html#unique-entry-id-242</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/965c425391e52e5388462333a9aaca89-242.html#unique-entry-id-242</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/results/news/enable-takes-on-oxford-antibiotic-resistance-programme/a0593a2a75f41bfa1a4b68dffb57dc40/?news_uid=947?news_uid=947">latest news report</a> from the  <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/#">European Lead Factory</a> highlights work targeting antimicrobial resistance in collaboration with Professor Chris Schofield (University of Oxford). The high throughput screen of >300,000 compounds and initial triaging provided 50 qualified hits.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Multiple series of compounds were validated through resynthesis, biochemical and biophysical profiling at the European Screening Centre site in Newhouse, complemented with ligand&ndash;protein crystallography and antimicrobial evaluation at University of Oxford</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Great to see projects like this move forward, demonstrates how important the ELF is in providing hits for academic groups/small companies.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Predicting Sites of Metabolism page updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>Metabolism</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><dc:date>2016-10-31T07:54:56+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8fbbf042b1ad8e9af847e48d2fc8c196-241.html#unique-entry-id-241</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8fbbf042b1ad8e9af847e48d2fc8c196-241.html#unique-entry-id-241</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've updated the <a href="../resources/ADME/predicting_metabolism.html" title="Predicting Metabolism">Predicting sites of metabolism page</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Debunking the Idea that Ligand Efficiency Indices are Superior to pIC50 as QSAR Activties</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>QSAR</category><dc:date>2016-10-23T07:59:20+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4f50f1b0a9f695fc4afb4c36abdf6d29-240.html#unique-entry-id-240</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4f50f1b0a9f695fc4afb4c36abdf6d29-240.html#unique-entry-id-240</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<span style="color:#7F7F7F;">iMolview is an app for the iPhone and iPad that lets you browse protein, DNA, and drug molecules in 3D</span>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Wellcome Open Research</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>publications</category><category>Open Access</category><dc:date>2016-10-17T19:16:27+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f80de0d58b5cf9abfa0f26a3c0201482-239.html#unique-entry-id-239</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f80de0d58b5cf9abfa0f26a3c0201482-239.html#unique-entry-id-239</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>What is <a href="https://wellcomeopenresearch.org">Wellcome Open Research?</a></p>

<ul>
<li>A platform for Wellcome-funded researchers to rapidly publish any research outputs they wish to share.</li>
<li>Supports reproducibility and transparency.</li>
<li>Uses an open research publishing model: immediate publication followed by open invited peer review.</li>
<li>Includes all supporting data, enabling reanalysis, replication and reuse.</li>
</ul>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>47 de-prioritised pharma compounds opens to researchers</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2016-10-17T15:09:33+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7fc33c707459275f4f1a1a02f3c936c1-238.html#unique-entry-id-238</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7fc33c707459275f4f1a1a02f3c936c1-238.html#unique-entry-id-238</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A collection of 47 deprioritised pharmaceutical compounds and up to &pound;5 million is being made available to academic researchers through the latest round of the MRC-Industry Asset Sharing Initiative.  The collaboration, between the MRC and six global drug companies, is the largest of its kind in the world.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.mrc.ac.uk/funding/browse/mrc-industry-asset-sharing-initiative1/compounds-list-2016/">The list of compounds is available here</a> together with brief description of the molecular target and pharmacology, Safety, Tolerability and toxicity information, and any clinical studies that might have been undertaken.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>European Lead Factory Update</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><category>elf</category><dc:date>2016-10-12T08:05:36+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/44e772ec93a4eb1c7a36c601912ef720-237.html#unique-entry-id-237</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/44e772ec93a4eb1c7a36c601912ef720-237.html#unique-entry-id-237</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The latest newsletter from the <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/#">European Lead Factory</a> has just been published and highlights a number of notable achievements.</p>

<p>As a result of the screening campaigns >3000 qualified hits have been awarded to private&nbsp;and public target owners. 72 public target programmes have been accepted, 48 high throughput screens finished and 41 hit lists with associated data reports handed over to the target owners. >150 bespoke assays have been developed in order to extract the most interesting hits for public programmes.</p>

<p>There are now 450,000 compounds in the compound library of which 120,000 are novel compound specifically synthesised for the ELF.</p>

<p>You can read more details here <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/results/">https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/results/</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The European Lead Factory is a collaborative public-private partnership aiming to deliver innovative drug discovery starting points. Having established the first European Compound Library and the first European Screening Centre, the EU Lead Factory aims to give free access to up to 500,000 novel compounds, a unique industry-standard uHTS platform, and much more.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>We are now starting to see publications describing these endeavours..</p>

<p><a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/results/publications/scientific-articles/">https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/results/publications/scientific-articles/</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ChEMBL 22 Released</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Databases</category><category>Cheminformatics</category><dc:date>2016-09-29T15:08:07+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1fecda8fe7120663323457d84ea1c877-236.html#unique-entry-id-236</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1fecda8fe7120663323457d84ea1c877-236.html#unique-entry-id-236</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>ChEMBL 22 has been released. <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/">ChEMBL</a> is a database of bioactive drug-like small molecules, it contains 2-D structures, calculated properties (e.g. logP, Molecular Weight, Lipinski Parameters, etc.) and abstracted bioactivities (e.g. binding constants, pharmacology and ADMET data).</p>

<p>This version of the database, prepared on 8th August 2016 contains:</p>

<ul>
<li>2,043,051 compound records</li>
<li>1,686,695 compounds (of which 1,678,393 have mol files)</li>
<li>14,371,219 activities</li>
<li>1,246,132 assays</li>
<li>11,224 targets</li>
<li>65,213 documents</li>
</ul>

<p>There is more information in the <a href="http://chembl.blogspot.co.uk/2016/09/chembl-22-released.html">ChEMBL blog post</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Cheminformatics for Drug Design: Data, Models &amp; Tools</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>Cheminformatics</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2016-09-28T09:17:09+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bcd20587dc06348f09dc206290ab0114-235.html#unique-entry-id-235</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bcd20587dc06348f09dc206290ab0114-235.html#unique-entry-id-235</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Still a few places left at the Cheminformatics for Drug Design: Data, Models &amp; Tools meeting organised by SCI's Fine Chemicals Group and RSC's Chemical Information and Computer Applications Group has been extended.</p>

<p>Imperial War Museum, Duxford, UK
Wednesday 12 October 2016</p>

<p>Full details are available here <a href="https://www.soci.org/Events/Display-Event?EventCode=FCHEM481">https://www.soci.org/Events/Display-Event?EventCode=FCHEM481</a></p>

<p>Sounds an excellent meeting and you will have a chance to look around the aircraft at the Duxford Imperial War Museum.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>European Lead Factory</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2016-09-21T11:43:54+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dc7a1003f26ba6cbf40c7da7c10a6220-234.html#unique-entry-id-234</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dc7a1003f26ba6cbf40c7da7c10a6220-234.html#unique-entry-id-234</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/#">European Lead Factory</a> started work just over 3 years ago and have just released an update on results to date.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The EU Lead Factory is an IMI-funded project that aims to create new chemistry based on crowd-sourced ideas and boost applicants&rsquo; drug discovery programmes at no upfront costs</p>
</blockquote>

<ul>
<li>A Sweden-based start-up company, ScandiCure AB, has been founded based on the results of an EU Lead Factory target programme. ScandiCure is developed with the support and investment of GU Ventures, which is wholly owned by the Swedish State.</li>
<li>Patents on EU Lead Factory compounds for treatment of multi-resistant bacteria infections and cancer.</li>
<li>An EU Lead Factory programme accepted by IMI&rsquo;s ENABLE for preclinical development.</li>
<li>In vivo proof-of-concept generated with EU Lead Factory compounds.</li>
<li>2 PhD thesis enhanced with EU Lead Factory target programme assay development and screening results.</li>
<li>>35 scientific, peer-reviewed articles, whereof one is the 4th most downloaded article published in Drug Discovery Today in 2015.</li>
<li>450,000 compounds in the Joint European Compound Library (JECL), whereof >120,000 of the prospected 200,000 novel screening compounds have been synthesised. 330,000 compounds were selected and assembled from the EFPIA participants&rsquo; proprietary compound collections within 6 months of operation.</li>
<li>Many testimonials of the high quality of the EU Lead Factory output and the JECL compounds. For example, 17/49 EFPIA partner screens have triggered further work.</li>
<li>72 public target programmes accepted, 48 high throughput screens finished and 41 hit lists with associated data reports handed over to the target owners.</li>
<li>In total, 2925 qualified hits have been granted public and private target owners (1041 and 1884, respectively).</li>
<li>>1500 bespoke compounds synthesised in hit validation and hit-to-lead phase of public target programmes.</li>
<li>>10 crystal structures of target&ndash;compound complexes have been solved.</li>
<li>>150 bespoke assays have been developed in order to extract the most interesting hits for public programmes.</li>
<li>12/14 of the public target programmes offered to the industry EFPIA participants have been asked to provide a dossier for further assessment.</li>
<li>>30 academic postdoctoral fellows trained in industry methods and approaches.</li>
<li>Researchers in 13 countries (BE, DE, DK, ES , FR , IT, IL, HU, NL, PL , PT , SE, UK) involved. Partners spread over 8 countries and target owners over 11.</li>
<li>2 Custom-built data management platforms, the Honest Data Broker system developed to enable screening data management and triaging, whilst ensuring confidentiality and patentability; TarosGate2, a chemistry workflow management system with a secure built-in electronic laboratory notebook.</li>
</ul>

<p>I&rsquo;ve been involved in a number of screens and we have been very happy with the results, this is a great resource long may it continue.</p>

<p>It is also worth noting that the next submission deadline is 10th October 2016, here is the link for submitting assays for consideration. <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/how-to-submit/drug-target-assays/">https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/how-to-submit/drug-target-assays/</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Two conferences that might be of interest</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2016-09-18T07:38:07+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c3f37e0ffa758a424185ade2f1443fa6-233.html#unique-entry-id-233</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c3f37e0ffa758a424185ade2f1443fa6-233.html#unique-entry-id-233</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<table>
    <tr>
        <th>Event</th> <td>FBLD 2016 (Fragment-based Lead Discovery Conference 2016)</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Place</th> <td>Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Dates</th> <td>9th-12th October 2016</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Website</th> <td><a href="http://www.ysbl.york.ac.uk/fbld/2016/" rel="external">http://www.ysbl.york.ac.uk/fbld/2016/</a> &nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Poster abstracts</th> <td>Closing date is 30th September</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th></th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th></th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Event</th> <td>Fragments 2017 - 6th RSC-BMCS Fragment-based Drug Discovery meeting</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Dates</th> <td>Sunday to Tuesday, 5th to 7th March 2017</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Place</th> <td>Parkhotel Sch&ouml;nbrunn, Vienna, Austria</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>Websites</th> <td><a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.,co.uk/bmcs" rel="external">http://www.maggichurchouseevents.,co.uk/bmcs</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>also</th> <td><a href="http://www.rsc.org/events/detail/23352/fragments-2017-7th-rsc-bmcs-fragment-based-drug-discovery-meeting" rel="external">http://www.rsc.org/events/detail/23352/fragments-2017-7th-rsc-bmcs-fragment-based-drug-discovery-meeting</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
        <th>&nbsp;</th>
    </tr>
</table>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Molecular Interactions Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Molecular interactions</category><dc:date>2016-09-17T10:17:42+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/62f26ef07220e26fab5af42276ba9d80-232.html#unique-entry-id-232</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/62f26ef07220e26fab5af42276ba9d80-232.html#unique-entry-id-232</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the page on <a href="../resources/molecular_interactions.html" title="Molecular Interactions">molecular interactions</a>, expanding the section on halogen bonding interactions.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Solubility</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Solubility</category><category>ADME</category><dc:date>2016-09-05T10:51:47+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/939a4c10ae980c92545456b7e9388d43-231.html#unique-entry-id-231</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/939a4c10ae980c92545456b7e9388d43-231.html#unique-entry-id-231</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the page on <a href="../resources/physiochem/solubility.html" title="Solubility">solubility</a> and added a couple of useful assay references.</p>

<p>Solubility may also have an impact on preclinical assays, limited solubility in preclinical ADMET assays may give a false impression of the compounds profile in <em>in vitro</em> assays. Many of the false positives seen in Fragment-based screening are thought to be due to poor solubility at the high concentrations used in the screen.  Perhaps the most important is the impact poor solubility can have on gastrointestinal absorption it may also preclude other routes of administration (intravenous).</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Target Valaidation site update</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2016-08-18T18:52:55+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dbe4664f5c7a3ac6abbff190229f3280-230.html#unique-entry-id-230</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dbe4664f5c7a3ac6abbff190229f3280-230.html#unique-entry-id-230</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://www.targetvalidation.org">TargetValidation.org</a> has been updated.</p>

<p>This release brings new web displays and plenty of extra data to assist you in drug discovery and validation:</p>

<ul>
<li>30,591 targets</li>
<li>9,425 diseases</li>
<li>4.8 million evidence</li>
<li>2.4 million target-disease associations</li>
</ul>

<p>There are also new Web Widgets for both 'RNA baseline expression' and 'Protein Structure' of a target. In the latter, you can now rotate the protein structure, change its colour, zoom in and out, and highlight any amino acid residue:</p>

<p>More information is available on the <a href="https://blog.opentargets.org/whats-new-in-release-1-2/">blog</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Cheminformatics for Drug Design: Data, Models &amp; Tools</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Cheminformatics</category><dc:date>2016-08-12T08:28:31+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/09ab025858cccebac9606e944eebb4b7-229.html#unique-entry-id-229</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/09ab025858cccebac9606e944eebb4b7-229.html#unique-entry-id-229</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just heard that the poster deadline for the Cheminformatics for Drug Design: Data, Models &amp; Tools meeting organised by SCI's Fine Chemicals Group and RSC's Chemical Information and Computer Applications Group has been extended.</p>

<p>Imperial War Museum, Duxford, UK
Wednesday 12 October 2016</p>

<p>Full details are available here <a href="https://www.soci.org/Events/Display-Event?EventCode=FCHEM481">https://www.soci.org/Events/Display-Event?EventCode=FCHEM481</a></p>

<p>Sounds an excellent meeting and you will have a chance to look around the aircraft at the Duxford Imperial War Museum.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Source Molecular Modeling</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Computational chemistry</category><dc:date>2016-08-04T10:12:06+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f8aa86d2ea1b5a47e3ff9063ad963c3c-228.html#unique-entry-id-228</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f8aa86d2ea1b5a47e3ff9063ad963c3c-228.html#unique-entry-id-228</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the Computational chemistry page to include a recent excellent publication, Open Source Molecular Modeling <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmgm.2016.07.008">DOI</a> a review that categorizes, enumerate, and describe available open source software packages for molecular modeling and computational chemistry.</p>

<p>There is also an online database <a href="https://opensourcemolecularmodeling.github.io">https://opensourcemolecularmodeling.github.io</a> that covers most aspects of computational drug discovery</p>

<p>Methods<br>
Development Activity<br>
Usage Activity<br>
Cheminformatics<br>
Toolkits<br>
Standalone Programs<br>
Graphical Development Environments<br>
Visualization<br>
2D Desktop Applications (Table [2ddesktopviz])<br>
3D Desktop Applications<br>
Web-Based Visualization<br>
QSAR/ADMET Modeling<br>
Descriptor Calculators<br>
Model Building<br>
Model Application<br>
Visualization<br>
Quantum Chemistry<br>
Ab initio Calcuation<br>
Helper Applications<br>
Visualization<br>
Ligand Dynamics and Free Energy Calculations<br>
Simulation Software<br>
Simulation Setup and Analysis<br>
Virtual Screening and Ligand Design<br>
Ligand-Based<br>
Docking and Scoring<br>
Pocket Detection<br>
Ligand Design<br></p>

<p>Added to <a href="../resources/lead_identification/computational_chemistry_tools.html" title="Computation Chemistry Tools">Comp Chem Page</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>19th RSC/SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2016-08-01T16:29:30+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c38392833c04fc2b5219719704e85df6-227.html#unique-entry-id-227</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c38392833c04fc2b5219719704e85df6-227.html#unique-entry-id-227</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;m delighted to highlight the first announcement of the 19th RSC/SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium to be held in Cambridge in September 2017. Europe&rsquo;s premier biennial Medicinal Chemistry event, focusing on first disclosures and new strategies in medicinal chemistry. </p>

<p><a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/First%20announcement.pdf"><img class="imageStyle" alt="announcement" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/announcement.png" width="616" height="872" /></a></p>

<p><a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/First%20announcement.pdf">Click here for more details</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Solutions for Drug-Resistant Infections Meeting</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Drug resistence</category><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2016-07-18T09:06:51+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5d706ab558e8ad4e125663559e9bae37-226.html#unique-entry-id-226</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5d706ab558e8ad4e125663559e9bae37-226.html#unique-entry-id-226</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>SDRI 2017 is a multi-disciplinary scientific conference for the Asia Pacific region focused on Solutions for Drug Resistant Infections. This inaugural conference theme is New Drugs for Drug-Resistant Infections. The conference will take place at the Brisbane Convention and Exhibition Centre in Australia from 3 - 5 April, 2017.</p>

<p>The program is expected to attract 400 international participants and will provide a fantastic forum for researchers and industry representatives working in the space of microbiology, virology, parasitology, genomics, pharmacology and medicinal chemistry, to network and discuss new ways to solve the global challenge of drug-resistant infections. Our goal for SDRI 2017 is to lead a concerted discussion to set three priorities and guide research efforts towards global solutions for drug resistance research. </p>

<p>Conference themes:</p>

<ul>
<li>Antimicrobial drug discovery</li>
<li>Improvements to existing anti-infective agents and repurposing</li>
<li>New Drug Targets</li>
<li>Alternate therapies</li>
<li>Navigating the pipeline</li>
<li>International Models and Funding</li>
<li>Vector control and vaccines</li>
</ul>

<p>International keynote speakers confirmed:</p>

<ul>
<li>Professor Dame Sally Davies DBE FMedSci FRS, Chief Medical Officer for England</li>
<li>Professor Ramanan Laxminarayan, Director for Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics &amp; Policy (CDDEP), Washington and Vice-President for Research &amp; Policy at Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI)</li>
</ul>

<p><a href="http://www.sdri2017.org">More details and registration</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment based screening</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2016-07-13T20:58:20+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/412e2c8884ce3b005114abfae5706b55-225.html#unique-entry-id-225</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/412e2c8884ce3b005114abfae5706b55-225.html#unique-entry-id-225</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated some of the fragment based screening pages, in particular I&rsquo;ve updated the section on <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html" title="Published Fragment Hits">Published fragment Hits</a>. The database now contains 1216 entries culled from over 240 publications directed at nearly 174 different molecular targets using 26 different detection technologies.</p>

<p>I also noticed that a fragment library I was helped design is now commercially available, <a href="http://www.bioascent.com/compoundcloud/product/selcia-fragment-library/">The Selcia Fragment Library</a> was designed to have broad applicability and chemical tractability. It is also one of the few libraries where solubility has been confirmed experimentally. The profile of the library is included in the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collection_profiles.html" title="Fragment Collection Profiles">fragment library profiles</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Why Most Clinical Research Is Not Useful</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Development</category><category>Clinical trial</category><dc:date>2016-07-08T07:08:25+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f1f0672a4c24c3ffa56c757d6048946b-224.html#unique-entry-id-224</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f1f0672a4c24c3ffa56c757d6048946b-224.html#unique-entry-id-224</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>An interesting publication in PLOS Medicine titled &ldquo;Why Most Clinical Research Is Not Useful&rdquo; <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002049">DOI</a>.</p>

<p>John P. A. Ioannidis suggests that a series of features that make clinical research useful can be identified, including those relating to problem base, context placement, information gain, pragmatism, patient centeredness, value for money, feasibility, and transparency and concludes &hellip;</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Overall, not only are (clinical) most research findings false, but, furthermore, most of the true findings are not useful. Medical interventions should and can result in huge human benefit. It makes no sense to perform clinical research without ensuring clinical utility. Reform and improvement are overdue.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Given the costs involved I suspect this final point may catch the eye.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Reform is needed. Altering our approach could easily produce more clinical research that is useful, at the same or even at a massively reduced cost</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>CO-ADD web portal</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2016-07-07T08:38:00+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f1462aabbbe1ceb1ee655226f43d976b-223.html#unique-entry-id-223</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f1462aabbbe1ceb1ee655226f43d976b-223.html#unique-entry-id-223</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="https://portal.co-add.org/?">CO-ADD web portal</a> is now live You can now submit your free antimicrobial screening request, download all forms and access your primary screening, cytotoxicity, hit confirmation and hit validation reports online on the new secure CO-ADD user portal.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>CO-ADD (Community for Open Antimicrobial Drug Discovery) is a not-for-profit initiative led by academics at The University of Queensland. Our goal is to screen compounds for antimicrobial activity for academic research groups for free. We aim to help researchers worldwide to find new, diverse compounds to combat drug-resistant infections.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Chemical Probes Portal Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Target identification</category><category>Target validation</category><dc:date>2016-07-03T08:42:31+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7948c1f3091c26357f606a0d9e394c72-222.html#unique-entry-id-222</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7948c1f3091c26357f606a0d9e394c72-222.html#unique-entry-id-222</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="http://www.chemicalprobes.org">Chemical Probes Portal</a> has been updated, the new site includes a lot more data about the existing probes, reviewer ratings and their comments.</p>

<p>A chemical probe is simply a reagent&mdash;a selective small-molecule modulator of a protein&rsquo;s function&mdash;that allows the user to ask mechanistic and phenotypic questions about its molecular target in cell-based and/or animal studies. These are tools not drugs, they allow scientists to investigate the relationship between a molecular target and the broader biological consequences of modulating that target in cells or organisms. In general the focus is on specificity for the target rather than pharmacokinetics.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>BIO Releases Clinical Development Success Rates 2006-2015</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Clinical trial</category><dc:date>2016-06-01T10:32:23+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8870dadd6004f660df0f3f461d60ebc8-221.html#unique-entry-id-221</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8870dadd6004f660df0f3f461d60ebc8-221.html#unique-entry-id-221</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Biotechnology Innovation Organisation (BIO) have released the results of a huge <a href="https://www.bio.org/sites/default/files/Clinical%20Development%20Success%20Rates%202006-2015%20-%20BIO,%20Biomedtracker,%20Amplion%202016.pdf">study on clinical development success rates</a>.</p>

<p>The study included 9,985 clinical trails and covered a wide number of therapeutic ares including Allergy, Autoimmune, Cardiovascular, Chronic High Prevalence Diseases, Endocrine, Gastroenterology, Hematology, Infectious Disease, Metabolic, Neurology, Oncology, Ophthalmology, Psychiatry, Rare Diseases, Respirator, and Urology.</p>

<p>Key findings from the study include:</p>

<ul>
<li>Clinical trial programs that used selection biomarkers saw an overall likelihood of approval (LOA) from Phase I of 25.9%, compared to 8.4% when no selection biomarkers were used.</li>
<li>The overall LOA from Phase I for all developmental candidates was 9.6%, and 11.9% for all indications outside of Oncology.</li>
<li>Of the 14 major disease areas studied, Hematology had the highest LOA from Phase I (26.1%) and Oncology had the lowest (5.1%). </li>
<li>Oncology drugs were approved the fastest of all 14 disease areas.</li>
<li>Rare disease programs had higher success rates at each phase of development vs. the overall dataset.</li>
<li>Chronic diseases with high populations had lower LOA from Phase I vs. the overall dataset.</li>
<li>Phase II clinical programs continue to experience the lowest success rate of the four development phases, with only 30.7% of developmental candidates advancing to Phase III</li>
</ul>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Source Malaria Webinar recording</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><dc:date>2016-05-25T14:32:13+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/690de40fc5c6f7c49a35f219211b8ae6-220.html#unique-entry-id-220</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/690de40fc5c6f7c49a35f219211b8ae6-220.html#unique-entry-id-220</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="OSM-logo@2x" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/osm-logo00402x.png" width="218" height="218" /></p>

<p>A webinar describing the work undertaken by the <a href="http://openwetware.org/wiki/OpenSourceMalaria">Open Source Malaria Consortium</a> was held on 24th May and a recording of the meeting is now available.</p>

<p>The meeting lasted around 1 hour and be viewed online <a href="https://goo.gl/X3IypD">here</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Open Source Malaria (OSM) is aimed at finding new medicines for malaria using open source principles, embodied in the 6 Laws of Open Research. At the moment the majority of work involves the synthesis of analogs of compounds identified by big pharma, with the aim of improving their potency while making the molecules more "druggable", what is known as a "hit-to-lead" campaign.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The questions raised in the webinar are highlighted as &ldquo;Meeting Discussion Points&rdquo; on the <a href="https://github.com/OpenSourceMalaria/OSM_To_Do_List/issues?q=is%3Aopen">github page</a>. Please feel free to join in the discussions.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>RSC symposium on Late Stage Functionalization for Synthesis and Medicines</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2016-05-24T11:57:13+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/40411ad9dae5310a018039299a094495-219.html#unique-entry-id-219</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/40411ad9dae5310a018039299a094495-219.html#unique-entry-id-219</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.maggichurchouseevents.co.uk/bmcs">RSC symposium on Late Stage Functionalization for Synthesis and Medicines</a></p>

<p>Date                     Monday, 5th December 2016
Place                    Mathematical Institute, Andrew Wiles Building, Oxford, U
Organisers           RSC-BMCS (Royal Society of Chemistry &ndash; Biological and Medicinal Chemistry Sector)</p>

<p>Late Stage Functionalization (LSF) holds the potential to revolutionise the logic of chemical synthesis and open new ways to prepare novel natural products and medicines. The introduction of important chemical groups for medicinal chemistry in the very last steps of the synthesis through LSF could also dramatically speed up the preparation of NCEs and have a major impact on drug discovery. The availability of new powerful catalytic chemistries showing a high degree of functional group tolerance and that can be performed under mild conditions offer tremendous opportunities for chemists to access new molecules that cannot be made easily by conventional approaches.  </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Cheminformatics for Drug Design: Data, Models &amp; Tools</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2016-05-19T14:23:25+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b4e3575a40333e49777a1fd9bfbbc576-218.html#unique-entry-id-218</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b4e3575a40333e49777a1fd9bfbbc576-218.html#unique-entry-id-218</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A joint meeting Organised by SCI's Fine Chemicals Group and RSC's Chemical Information and Computer Applications Group</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="A4 Cheminfo flyer" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a4-cheminfo-flyer.png" width="992" height="1403" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Community for Open Antimicrobial Drug Discovery</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2016-05-19T07:06:32+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/54c20dce8651eb5dd32b2b0c68ed285b-217.html#unique-entry-id-217</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/54c20dce8651eb5dd32b2b0c68ed285b-217.html#unique-entry-id-217</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A little while ago I mentioned The <a href="http://www.co-add.org">Community for Open Antimicrobial Drug Discovery</a> effort to provide free compound screening against a variety of infective agents. .</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Primary Screening of a 1mg sample
Test against key ESKAPE pathogens, E. coli,
K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa,
S. aureus (MRSA), as well as the fungi C. neoformans and C. albicans, at a single concentration.<br>
Hit Confirmation:-
Confirm activity with minimum inhibitory concentration and counterscreen for cytotoxicity and membrane interaction.<br>
Hit Validation:-
Test the positive hit against a broader panel of microbes and evaluate the basic drug qualities of actives. CO-ADD will screen your compounds for free and make no claim to IP. The <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/CO-ADD%20fact%20sheet_chemists.pdf">linked flyer gives full details</a></p></p>
</blockquote>

<p>You can also read more details in this Nature article <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/533S65a">DOI</a></p>

<p>It looks like they have achieved an important milestone!</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Thanks to our research community we have received 100,000 compounds from 30 countries in 15 months!
Make a difference: clear the fridge, empty the shelves and send through your compounds for free antimicrobial screening against 5 bacteria and 2 fungi.
We would also like to acknowledge the contribution of the French National Chemical Library that has safely arrived in Brisbane last week!</p>
</blockquote>

<p>So if you have compounds sitting in the back of cupboards why not <a href="http://www.co-add.org/content/compound-submission?_ga=1.115683077.2004966856.1463638437">send them to be tested</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Using 3Dmol.js</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><dc:date>2016-05-13T07:06:00+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3769a008c320ee9cc153c26d669b2ed1-216.html#unique-entry-id-216</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3769a008c320ee9cc153c26d669b2ed1-216.html#unique-entry-id-216</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The Drug Discovery Resources pages are intended to act as a resource for scientists undertaking drug discovery, they were initially based on a course I give but have been expanded to give much more detail and to cover subjects not covered in the course. The other advantage of an online resource is that I can include features not possible in static pages.</p>

<p>I had started to include interactive structures a while ago but the problems with java applets and plugins meant I had to abandon that effort. The recent advances in javascript viewers has opened up new possibilities and I've started to reinvestigate more interactive viewers. The initial work uses the fantastic molecule viewer <a href="http://3dmol.csb.pitt.edu">3Dmol.js</a> developed by <a href="http://3dmol.csb.pitt.edu">David Koes</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>3Dmol.js is a modern, object-oriented JavaScript library that uses the latest web technologies to provide interactive, hardware-accelerated three-dimensional representations of molecular data without the need to install browser plugins or Java. 3Dmol.js provides a full featured API for developers as well as a straightforward declarative interface that lets users easily share and embed molecular data in websites.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>You can read more about it here <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu829">DOI</a>.</p>

<p>The first page to include an interactive structure is <a href="../resources/ADME/aldehyde_oxidase.html" title="Aldehyde Oxidase">Aldehyde Oxidase</a>, the PDB structure <a href="http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4UHW">4UHW</a> is interesting because it shows the binding of both a substrate and an inhibitor binding at a site remote from the active site. </p>

<p>I hope you find this useful and please feel free to contact me with comments and/or suggestions.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Predicting sites of metabolism</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>Metabolism</category><dc:date>2016-05-06T09:25:19+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a9c3e9a74805a21e07b1ab9fe4461688-215.html#unique-entry-id-215</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a9c3e9a74805a21e07b1ab9fe4461688-215.html#unique-entry-id-215</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have updated the drug discovery <a href="../resources/ADME/predicting_metabolism.html" title="Predicting Metabolism">resources on predicting sites of metabolism</a>, I've added several new tools and web-based resources. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Source Malaria online meeting</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2016-05-05T13:03:55+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/21e486efde821b8c7cfd44cd487c9644-214.html#unique-entry-id-214</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/21e486efde821b8c7cfd44cd487c9644-214.html#unique-entry-id-214</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The next strategy meeting for the <a href="http://opensourcemalaria.org">Open Source Malaria</a> team is on May 24th. This is great chance to find out more about this effort and to look for opportunities where you might be able to contribute</p>

<p>Outline agenda:</p>

<ul>
<li>Project background &amp; scientific objectives (5)</li>
<li>Overview of project information sources - ie what's where (5)</li>
<li>Data sources &amp; summary of analyses (5-10)</li>
<li>SAR overview, questions for the audience (20)</li>
<li>Discussion (10-15)</li>
<li>Final guidance on what's required from the audience &amp; how to submit your suggestions &amp; what happens next (5)</li>
</ul>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Pasted Graphic" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/pasted-graphic.jpg" width="945" height="709" /></p>

<p>You can register here <a href="https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/7722880987090170883">https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/7722880987090170883</a> - you need to register in order to receive the link for the meeting itself. Please forward this on to anyone you think might be interested,</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Aldehyde Oxidase</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><dc:date>2016-04-25T10:04:01+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6bac800ae3ab08f06522dba9b21bfd26-213.html#unique-entry-id-213</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6bac800ae3ab08f06522dba9b21bfd26-213.html#unique-entry-id-213</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have updated the drug discovery resources <a href="../resources/ADME/aldehyde_oxidase.html" title="Aldehyde Oxidase">page on Aldehyde Oxidase</a>. In particular I have included more detail on the species differences and added the recent X-ray structure of AOX1 with substrate and inhibitor bound.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Targets</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2016-04-21T07:46:30+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9ec43ec969200b8da3920aa0d5a8d30f-212.html#unique-entry-id-212</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9ec43ec969200b8da3920aa0d5a8d30f-212.html#unique-entry-id-212</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A little while back I mentioned the Centre for Therapeutic Target Validation, well it seems that it has now been renamed <a href="https://www.opentargets.org">Open Targets</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The Target Validation platform brings together information on the relationships between potential drug targets and diseases. The core concept is to identify evidence of an association between a target and disease from various data types. A target can be a protein, protein complex or RNA molecule, but we integrate evidence through the gene that codes for the target. In the same way, we describe diseases through a structure of relationships called the Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO) that allows us to bring together evidence across different but related diseases.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>There is a video online describing it in more details <a href="https://vimeo.com/149309356">https://vimeo.com/149309356</a></p>

<p>This is an absolutely invaluable resource for anyone involved in drug discovery, simply type your query into the text box and submit the query.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.targetvalidation.org" rel="external"><img class="imageStyle" alt="opentargets" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/opentargets.png" width="842" height="299" /></a></p>

<p>This update also bring programmatic access to the data via a series of REST services, the <a href="https://www.targetvalidation.org/documentation/api">API is fully documented</a>. All the methods are available via a GET request and will serve the output formatted as json. There is a <a href="https://blog.opentargets.org/api-getting-started-1/">getting started tutorial available</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Modulating PGP levels in the blood brain barrier</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Brain Pentration</category><category>pgp</category><dc:date>2016-04-14T09:40:13+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/34b903a851f6b35495981d9f8381aed2-211.html#unique-entry-id-211</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/34b903a851f6b35495981d9f8381aed2-211.html#unique-entry-id-211</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The brain is protected from xenobiotic agents by the <a href="../resources/ADME/brian_penetration.html" title="Brain Penetration">blood-brain barrier</a> (BBB) a network of capilliaries lined by endothetial cells characterised by lack of fenestrations and very tight junctions between the cells. This restricts paracelleular diffusion of molecules, in addition there are a number of active transport mechanisms for transporting molecules into and more abundantly out of the brain. The best understood of the transporters is <a href="../resources/ADME/abcb1.html" title="ABCB1">ABCB1</a> also known as P-gp, MDR1 (mdr1 in rodents) this transporter is present in the blood-brain barrier, in the gut, on hepatocytes, and the kidney. It is also one of the transporters found to be up-regulated in some drug-resistant tumors and is considered to be one of the major causes of treatment failure. </p>

<p>An interesting publication by Kim and Bynoe in J Clin Invest <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI76207">DOI</a> show that activation of the A2A adenosine receptor (AR) with an FDA-approved A2A AR agonist (Lexiscan) rapidly and potently decreased P-gp expression and function in a time-dependent and reversible manner.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Lexiscan" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/lexiscan.png" width="280" height="266" /></p>

<p>They demonstrate that down modulation of P-gp expression and function coincided with chemotherapeutic drug accumulation in brains of WT mice and in primary mouse and human brain endothelial cells, which serve as in vitro BBB models. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Re-evaluation of the traditional diet-heart hypothesis</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Clinical trial</category><dc:date>2016-04-13T06:52:58+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/474e824645df56cd0f80cb26491a02ba-210.html#unique-entry-id-210</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/474e824645df56cd0f80cb26491a02ba-210.html#unique-entry-id-210</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A <a href="https://www.statnews.com/2016/04/12/unearthed-data-challenge-dietary-advice/">great detective story</a> and also serves to underline the need for all clinical trial data to be published and stored in a publicly accessible format.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Ramsden, of the National Institutes of Health, unearthed raw data from a 40-year-old study, which challenges the dogma that eating vegetable fats instead of animal fats is good for the heart. The study, the largest gold-standard experiment testing that idea, found the opposite, Ramsden and his colleagues reported on Tuesday in BMJ.</p>
</blockquote>

<p><a href="http://www.bmj.com/content/353/bmj.i1246">http://www.bmj.com/content/353/bmj.i1246</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment Screening at Diamond</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2016-03-29T08:26:40+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/27ad1dfa6a886299e6faa98307e5620f-209.html#unique-entry-id-209</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/27ad1dfa6a886299e6faa98307e5620f-209.html#unique-entry-id-209</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I'm in the process of updating the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html" title="Fragment Based Screening">fragment-based screening section</a> of the Drug Discovery Resources and I came across this <a href="http://www.diamond.ac.uk/Beamlines/Mx/Fragment-Screening.html">news article</a> from the Diamond Light Source is the UK&rsquo;s synchrotron. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>At Diamond beamline I04-1, the full X-ray screening experiment has now been implemented as a highly streamlined process, allowing up to 500 crystals to be soaked and harvested in a day, and collected in 24 hours beamtime.  The process covers soaking, harvesting, automatic data collection, and data analysis; and fragment libraries are available, or users can bring their own.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>This is available to both academic and commercial users but the <a href="http://www.diamond.ac.uk/Beamlines/Mx/Fragment-Screening/Applying-for-Fragment-Screening.html">application process</a> is different.</p>

<p>If you are interested there is a very <a href="http://www.diamond.ac.uk/Beamlines/Mx/Fragment-Screening/Experiment-Checklist.html">useful checklist</a> that should simplify the process.</p>

<p>The facility is based at beamline I04-1 and nearby Lab 36, where the soaking and harvesting is performed. </p>

<p>In practice, the experiment will span a few days and even multiple visits to establish crystals' suitability.  Users must generate the crystals in their home lab, and are required to come and perform soaking and harvesting themselves:  multi-day Lab Visits will be scheduled separate from normal beamline time.  In contrast, users do not need to be present for the X-ray data collection, although they are asked to help monitor (remotely) the automated collection when it occurs.  A local contact will be assigned, same as for beamtime.</p>

<p>In practice, the first steps to unsure reproducibility are iterative and require a few dozen crystals, and in difficult cases even several Lab Visits; but associated diffraction testing will be fitted in during the Lab Visit where possible.  The final "Full run" soaking and harvesting will be scheduled once the soaking protocol is confirmed (in favourable cases during the same Lab Visit).</p>

<p>Data analysis builds on the existing automatic data processing, and we are developing tools to streamline density interpretation and refinement, analysis and presentation of hit results, and depositing hit structures.  Use of these tools is optional, but feedback valued: they will be deployed on Diamond's compute environment as they become available.</p>

<p>The Diamond fragment collection is actively evolving from the original Maybridge fragment collection, on the one hand to eliminate compounds that are poorly soluble, unstable or systematically kill crystals.  On the other hand it is being expanded with synthesis-ready compounds.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Unlocking Finance for Drug Discovery</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Funding</category><dc:date>2016-03-24T10:08:39+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3c080f2e94de1a051013227ae000416e-208.html#unique-entry-id-208</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3c080f2e94de1a051013227ae000416e-208.html#unique-entry-id-208</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.onenucleus.com/onenucleus-events?id=1002.">This looks like an interesting meeting</a> for those looking for funding drug discovery</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>This event is aimed at early and mid-career scientists who are looking to learn more about funding early stage drug discovery or how to attract follow-on investment. A panel of experts, representing several investors from the industry and charities will share their experience and engage in a discussion on the future of drug discovery landscape. Find out about what propels a drug discovery project to secure funding and investment</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Location: Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute Lecture Theatre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE <br>
Date:21 April 2016</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Medicines for Malaria Venture 14th call for proposals</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Funding</category><dc:date>2016-03-15T12:02:26+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f05a5470fc806bd79393612e0186744e-207.html#unique-entry-id-207</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f05a5470fc806bd79393612e0186744e-207.html#unique-entry-id-207</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.mmv.org/research-development/essential-information-scientists/14th-call-proposals">MMV</a> have just announced a call for proposals in the following three areas:</p>

<ol>
<li><p>Compounds addressing the key priorities of the malaria eradication agenda. Novel families of molecules in the hit-to-lead or lead optimization stages are sought without G6PD deficiency liabilities that either kill or reactivate hypnozoites for use as part of a P. vivax radical cure; or have dual activity against asexual and sexual stages (gametocytes) for treatment and transmission blocking.</p></li>
<li><p>Asexual liver and blood stages. Novel chemical series with EC50&lt;500nM and which have one or more of the following key features:
A novel mechanism of action
A long half-life (ideally >4h in rodents) and confirmed in vivo efficacy.
For advanced series, we are seeking novel compounds with, ideally, a predicted human half-life >100h and a predicted single human dose &lt;500mg or three day human dose of &lt;50 mg.</p></li>
<li><p>Novel approaches for screening. To help identify new phenotypic and/ or target based hits, as well as confirm activity of MMV compounds on all human malaria asexual blood stages, new screening proposals are sought.</p></li>
</ol>

<p>They have also published <a href="http://www.mmv.org/research-development/target-product-profiles-target-candidate-profiles">Target product profiles &amp; target candidate profiles</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Web browsers used in Drug Discovery</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2016-03-08T07:49:00+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f0da025f6c2148999e7b530dc89b4c1b-206.html#unique-entry-id-206</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f0da025f6c2148999e7b530dc89b4c1b-206.html#unique-entry-id-206</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Last week I posted this observation</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>More and more of the companies/groups that I'm working with are moving away from desktop applications to providing a web-based portfolio of applications for drug discovery. Most seem to use a combination of commercial tools with a selection of in house apps. Whilst this has many advantages it does raise the question about which web browser should they support? Whilst <a href="https://netmarketshare.com">NetMarketshare</a> still has Internet Explorer at 44% this is probably not a good metric to measure browser usage in the Drug Discovery Sector. So for the last couple of months I've been monitoring the web browsers used to access the <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources</a> since it is unlikely that anyone not interested in drug discovery would spend much time browsing these pages. The results are interesting.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The ranking since 1 Jan 2016 to date is</p>

<ol>
<li>Chrome 55%</li>
<li>Safari 20%</li>
<li>Firefox 16%</li>
<li>Internet Explorer 4%</li>
</ol>

<p>Looking at operating systems</p>

<ol>
<li>Windows 57%</li>
<li>Macintosh 23%</li>
<li>iOS 11%</li>
<li>Android 8%</li>
</ol>

<p>So the lack users of Internet Explorer is not due to the absence of Windows users.  This must have implications for all developers, the users appeared to have moved to the more modern web browsers.</p>

<h2>Update</h2>

<p>I've now data from around 10 different sites involved in drug discovery or software/databases to support drug discovery, ranging from small sites with about 10,000 hits a month to major sites with many millions of hits a month, and I've now included the average data in the table below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="webbrowsers" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/webbrowsers.png" width="509" height="205" /></p>

<p>It looks like the data from <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources</a> reasonably reflects the usage in the Drug Discovery sector.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Web-based tools</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2016-03-01T16:23:15+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/258c8f35d72da388e755c08e0dba74d8-205.html#unique-entry-id-205</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/258c8f35d72da388e755c08e0dba74d8-205.html#unique-entry-id-205</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>More and more of the companies/groups that I'm working with are moving away from desktop applications to providing a web-based portfolio of applications for drug discovery. Most seem to use a combination of commercial tools with a selection of in house apps. Whilst this has many advantages it does raise the question about which web browser should they support? Whilst <a href="https://netmarketshare.com">NetMarketshare</a> still has Internet Explorer at 44% this is probably not a good metric to measure browser usage in the Drug Discovery Sector.</p>

<p>So for the last couple of months I've been monitoring the web browsers used to access the <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources</a> since it is unlikely that anyone not interested in drug discovery would spend much time browsing these pages. The results are interesting.</p>

<p>The ranking since 1 Jan 2016 to date is</p>

<ol>
<li>Chrome 56%</li>
<li>Safari 20%</li>
<li>Firefox 16%</li>
<li>Internet Explorer 4%</li>
</ol>

<p>Looking at operating systems</p>

<ol>
<li>Windows 57%</li>
<li>Macintosh 23%</li>
<li>iOS 11%</li>
<li>Android 8%</li>
</ol>

<p>So the lack users of Internet Explorer is not due to the absence of Windows users.  This must have implications for all developers, the users appeared to have moved to the more modern web browsers.</p>

<h2>Update</h2>

<p>A number of readers/companies have contacted me since I published with broadly similar results, I hope to compile and publish the anonymised results next week.<span style="font-size:25px; ">
</span></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Scinder :- Science introduction robot</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Scinder</category><dc:date>2016-02-28T13:06:27+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b32851b7cd4bf3d757cc88180cbf5793-204.html#unique-entry-id-204</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b32851b7cd4bf3d757cc88180cbf5793-204.html#unique-entry-id-204</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This is the latest project I'm involved with, the idea is a means for scientists working in similar areas of science to find out about each others work, provide introductions that will hopefully lead to collaborations.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="0f561064-da50-11e5-9bb5-dad214cd7211" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0f561064-da50-11e5-9bb5-dad214cd7211.png" width="120" height="143" /></p>

<p>The video to support the proposal can be found here <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=joarvBnTQ_k">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=joarvBnTQ_k</a><span style="font-size:25px; ">
</span></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2016-02-05T09:22:23+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b15d944dc305d0b35629d6ae28eaf41a-203.html#unique-entry-id-203</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b15d944dc305d0b35629d6ae28eaf41a-203.html#unique-entry-id-203</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have updated the Drug Discovery section on <a href="../resources/hit_identification/sample_collection.html" title="Sample Collection">Screening Collection</a> design.<span style="font-size:25px; ">
</span></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Global Health Compound Design Webinar - recording &amp; next meetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Training</category><dc:date>2016-02-04T13:10:28+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/562231a0d8079acc7c7ca35b5f9328ab-202.html#unique-entry-id-202</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/562231a0d8079acc7c7ca35b5f9328ab-202.html#unique-entry-id-202</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-size:25px; ">
</span>During 2016 Global Health are running a series of webinars on the subject of compound design. The programme for future meetings is available below (the agenda will develop through the year).</p>

<p>Date    Agenda (&amp; timing of each item in the recording when available)<br>  </p>

<h2>21st Jan 2016</h2>

<p>Introduction to meetings, Mark Gardner
Application of PK Tools in the optimisation of a series for the treatment of leishmaniasis, Gavin&nbsp;Whitlock, Sandexis, working with DNDi
Hints and tips to working with DataWarrior, Isabelle Giraud, Actelion, slides
Isabelle Giraud, DataWarrior demonstration" <a href="https://www.dropbox.com/s/ezwrgys40kwrxu7/2016-01-21%2015.04%20Global%20Health%20Compound%20Design%20Webinar.mp4?dl=0">Recording</a></p>

<h2>25th Feb 2016</h2>

<p>Visceral leishmaniasis TCP &amp; screen sequence, Charlie Mowbrary, DNDi
Malaria Target Candidate Profiles, stage gates and implications for successful malaria drug discovery, Paul Willis, MMV <a href="https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/rt/3770616070471474178">Registration</a></p>

<p>17th Mar 2016   "DataWarrior advanced data analysis, Isabelle Giraud, Actelion
Using the RSC Medicinal Chemistry Toolkit in Drug Discovery Projects, Andy Davis, AZ
The RSC Medicinal Chemistry Toolkit is a free suite of resources to support the day-to-day work of drug discovery scientists. &nbsp;It was developed to provide difficult-to-access, but industry-validated tools in a portable format. The presentation &nbsp;will show with worked examples, &nbsp;how the RSC Medicinal Chemistry Toolkit (Apple only) can be used to &nbsp;support design strategy thinking and structure-activity optimization. https://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/medicinal-chemistry-toolkit/id910073742?mt=8"  <a href="https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/rt/57501531798041602">Registration</a></p>

<h2>21st Apr 2016</h2>

<p>Free data pipelining tool KNIME in compound design &amp; analysis
Introduction to KNIME &amp; use cases in drug discovery &ndash; further details tbd <a href="https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/4016958352294872322">Registration</a></p>

<p>There are <a href="https://www.dropbox.com/s/d9awt0t12ggj39l/Webinars.docx?dl=0">more details here</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Royal Society of Chemistry 175th anniversary</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2016-01-23T12:40:03+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b7c04f0c507cfef92ec02caef413fe20-201.html#unique-entry-id-201</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b7c04f0c507cfef92ec02caef413fe20-201.html#unique-entry-id-201</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="http://www.rsc.org">Royal Society of Chemistry</a> celebrates it's <a href="http://www.rsc.org/about-us/our-history/175-anniversary/">175th anniversary in 2016</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>As the oldest chemical society in the world, we're proud to be celebrating our 175th anniversary during 2016.
We want to mark this milestone by recognising the rich heritage and community of which we're all a part. We'd also like to acknowledge the important role we all play in contributing to the future of the chemical sciences</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I thought I'd contribute to the activities by highlighting "Molecule 175" from various databases.</p>

<p>First up <a href="http://www.chemspider.com">ChemSpider</a> a free chemical structure database supported by the Royal Society of Chemistry providing fast text and structure search access to over 40 million structures from hundreds of data sources. ChemSpider ID 175 refers to acetone, a very important solvent with millions of tonnes produced annually.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="chemspider175" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/chemspider175.png" width="569" height="225" /></p>

<p>Next <a href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/">ChEMBL</a> a database of over 1,7 million small molecules and associated biological activity data. ChEMBL175 is Dexibuprofen, this is the active enantiomer of ibuprofen, a well known non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="chembl175" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/chembl175.png" width="600" height="234" /></p>

<p><a href="http://www.drugbank.ca">Drugbank</a> is a richly annotated database of drug and drug target information. DB00175 is Pravastatin a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used as a cholesterol-lowering agent.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="dugbank175" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dugbank175.png" width="710" height="408" /></p>

<p><a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">Pubchem</a> released in 2004, provides information on the biological activities of small molecules. Pubchem CID175 belongs to acetate, the ionised form of acetic acid, Acetate is the most common building block for biosynthesis.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="pubchem175" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/pubchem175.png" width="769" height="261" /></p>

<p><a href="http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/index.jsp">BindingDB</a> is a public, web-accessible database of measured binding affinities, focusing chiefly on the interactions of protein considered to be drug-targets with small, drug-like molecules. BDBM175 refers to an inhibitor of HIV protease designed to take advantage of the C2 axis of symmetry found for this dimeric protease.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="bdbm175" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bdbm175.png" width="426" height="216" /></p>

<p><a href="http://zinc.docking.org">Zinc</a> is a free database of commercially available compounds ideal for virtual screening, entry 175 appears to be a hydrated form of the benzodiazepine Clorazepate.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="zinc175" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/zinc175.png" width="929" height="213" /></p>

<p>In the <a href="http://www.guidetopharmacology.org">IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY</a> entry 175 is Spiramide,  a 5-HT2 antagonist.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="iuphar175" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/iuphar175.png" width="470" height="459" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Free webinar to discuss compound design.</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2016-01-14T21:41:17+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/af6dcaa2f47607f60c21b1c6422e258b-200.html#unique-entry-id-200</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/af6dcaa2f47607f60c21b1c6422e258b-200.html#unique-entry-id-200</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Webinar to discuss compound design. This meeting: <br>
* Brief introduction - Mark Gardner (AMG Consultants) <br>
* Application of PK Tools in the optimisation of a series for the treatment of leishmaniasis, Gavin Whitlock, Sandexis, working with DNDi. <br>
* Hints and tips to working with DataWarrior, Isabelle Giraud, Actelion<br></p>

<p>Register here <a href="https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/6743114969530154241" rel="external">https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/6743114969530154241</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Young Medicinal Chemist  Prizes</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>prizes</category><dc:date>2016-01-11T14:03:56+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/80f1ae30df9383e77affc307a5ce0c92-199.html#unique-entry-id-199</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/80f1ae30df9383e77affc307a5ce0c92-199.html#unique-entry-id-199</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<table border="0.000000" cellpadding="10.000000" cellspacing="0.500000"><tr height="0"><td valign="top" width="650"><p style="text-align:center;"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight:bold; color:#1C2437;font-weight:bold; ">
</span></td></tr><tr height="0"></p><p style="text-align:left;"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#1C2437;">
"</span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight:bold; color:#1C2437;font-weight:bold; ">The EFMC Prize for a Young Medicinal Chemist in Industry</span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#1C2437;">&rdquo; was initiated to acknowledge and recognize an outstanding young medicinal chemist (&le; 12 years after PhD) working in industry within Europe. The Prize is given annually and consists of a diploma, &euro; 1.000 and an invitation for a short presentation at an EFMC symposium. Two&nbsp;nominees will also be identified and acknowledged.
Nominations should be submitted&nbsp;by the candidate&rsquo;s supervisor via the </span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight:bold; color:#0A3D6D;font-weight:bold; "><a href="http://www.efmc.info/form.php?langue=english&cle_menus=1201086358">submission form</a></span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#1C2437;"> on this website and should consist of:
&bull;&nbsp;a letter by the supervisor.
&bull;&nbsp;a brief CV of the candidate.
&bull;&nbsp;abstract of potential oral presentation.
</span></td></tr><tr height="0"></p><p style="text-align:center;"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight:bold; color:#1C2437;font-weight:bold; ">Deadline for submission: January 31, 2016</span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#1C2437;">
&nbsp;

&ldquo;</span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight:bold; color:#1C2437;font-weight:bold; ">The EFMC Prize for a Young Medicinal Chemist in Academia</span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#1C2437;">&rdquo; was established by the European Federation for Medicinal Chemistry (EFMC) to acknowledge and recognize an outstanding young medicinal chemist&nbsp;(&le; 12 years after PhD) working in academia within Europe. The Prize is given annually and consists of a diploma, &euro; 1.000 and an invitation for a short presentation at an EFMC symposium. Two nominees will also be identified and acknowledged.
Applications should be done via the </span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight:bold; color:#0A3D6D;font-weight:bold; "><a href="http://www.efmc.info/form.php?langue=english&cle_menus=1201086357">application form</a></span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#1C2437;"> on this website and should consist of:
</span></td></tr><tr height="0"></p><p style="text-align:left;"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#1C2437;">&bull;&nbsp;a one-page letter by the candidate including a short rationale for their application.
&bull;&nbsp;one page with his/her 5 most important publications.
&bull;&nbsp;a brief CV of the candidate.
&bull;&nbsp;abstract of potential oral presentation.
</span></td></tr><tr height="0"></p><p style="text-align:center;"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight:bold; color:#1C2437;font-weight:bold; ">Deadline for submission: January 31, 2016</span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#1C2437;">
</span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight:bold; color:#1C2437;font-weight:bold; ">The winners of&nbsp;both prizes will be invited to give an oral communication at the XXIV EFMC International Symposium on&nbsp;Medicinal Chemistry (EFMC-ISMC 2016),&nbsp;August 28 - September 1,&nbsp;2016, Manchester, United Kingdom.</span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#1C2437;">
Please consult the website </span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight:bold; color:#0A3D6D;font-weight:bold; "><a href="http://www.efmc.info/">www.efmc.info</a></span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#1C2437;"> for more information on the </span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-weight:bold; color:#0A3D6D;font-weight:bold; "><a href="http://www.efmc.info/content.php?langue=english&cle_menus=1201086324">regulations and the application procedure</a></span></td></tr><tr height="0"><span style="font:12px Arial, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; color:#1C2437;">

</span></td></tr></table>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
</p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Mykrobe predictor</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug resistence</category><category>Software</category><dc:date>2016-01-07T07:07:33+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a3c10500d9ff11b55084c3a6e2f2acf0-198.html#unique-entry-id-198</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a3c10500d9ff11b55084c3a6e2f2acf0-198.html#unique-entry-id-198</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The increase in antibiotic resistant bacteria has highlighted the need to target infections with the correct drug. A recent paper &lsquo;Rapid antibiotic resistance predictions from genome sequence data for S. aureus and M. tuberculosis&rsquo;, by P Bradley, et al. Nature Communications, 21 December 2015 <a href="10.1038/ncomms10063">DOI</a> describes a program to identify species and resistance profiles of clinical isolates. </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The Mykrobe predictor is designed for use by microbiologists and doctors, providing information needed in order to choose the best treatment. It analyses the whole genome of a bacterial sample, all within a couple of minutes, and predicts which drugs the infection is resistant to. No expertise is needed to run or interpret it, and it works on a standard desktop or laptop.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Supports Illumina sequencing data as standard. Antibiotics supported: Beta-lactams (methicillin, penicillin), quinolones (ciprofloxacin), macrolides/lincosamides (erythromycin, clindamycin), tetracycline, aminoglycosides (gentamicin), glycopeptides (vancomycin), rifampicin, mupirocin, fusidic acid, trimethoprim.</p>

<iframe width="420" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/r50YeDoYS3o" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

<p>The software is available for download from the <a href="http://www.mykrobe.com/products/predictor/">Mykrobe website</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Annual Site Review</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2015-12-31T07:44:59+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/68276ed469120e39ff0e4ce5549130bd-197.html#unique-entry-id-197</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/68276ed469120e39ff0e4ce5549130bd-197.html#unique-entry-id-197</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As 2015 ends I'd like to take the chance to wish you all a Happy New Year and hope for great success in your drug discovery endeavours.</p>

<p>The website increases in popularity with 93,000 page views in 2015 an increase of 24% over last year. Nearly 25% of the visitors come back on multiple occasions which I hope means people are finding the content useful.</p>

<p>Nine of the top ten most popular pages were from the <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources Pages</a> which I am delighted to see, since it suggests that the work entailed in putting the resources together is worthwhile.</p>

<p>The most viewed pages were</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/distribution.html">Distribution and Plasma Protein Binding</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/">Calculating Physicochemical Properties</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">Molecular Interactions</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/logD.html">Lipophilicity</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/formulation.html">Formulation</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/">Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment based screening</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/aspartic_protease_inhibitors.html">Aspartic Acid Protease Inhibitors</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/focus/serine_protease_inhibitors.html">Serine Protease Inhibitors</a></li>
</ul>

<p>As might be expected the <a href="../resources/books.html" title="Books">Books page</a> only seems popular coming up to Christmas ;-)</p>

<p>The visitors come from over 100 different countries with US and UK topping the list. Whilst desktop systems predominate nearly 20% now access the site from a mobile device.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Insects in Drug Discovery	 </title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>ADME</category><dc:date>2015-12-24T10:01:37+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f7d6d6679c5a897780bd54a83a553cf3-195.html#unique-entry-id-195</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f7d6d6679c5a897780bd54a83a553cf3-195.html#unique-entry-id-195</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The company<a href="http://n2mo.co/science/insect-models/"> N2MO</a> offers the use of insects as model organisms. They can be used for ADME screening in particular brain penetration studies.</p>

<blockquote><p>The Grasshopper: A Novel Model for Assessing Vertebrate Brain UptakeOlga Andersson, Steen Honor&eacute; Hansen, Karin Hellman, Line R&oslash;rb&aelig;k Olsen, Gunnar Andersson, Lassina Badolo, Niels Svenstrup, and Peter Aadal Nielsen EntomoPharm R&D, Medicon Village, Lund, Sweden (O.A., K.H., G.A., P.A.N.); Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (S.H.H., L.R.O.); and Division of Discovery Chemistry and Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark (L.B., N.S.) Received April 10, 2013; accepted May 10, 2013<br><br>ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to develop a blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability model that is applicable in the drug discovery phase. The BBB ensures proper neural function, but it restricts many drugs from entering the brain, and this complicates the development of new drugs against central nervous system diseases. Many in vitro models have been developed to predict BBB permeability, but the permeability characteristics of the human BBB are notoriously complex and hard to predict.<br><br>Consequently, one single suitable BBB permeability screening model, which is generally applicable in the early drug discovery phase, does not yet exist. A new refined ex vivo insect-based BBB screening model that uses an intact, viable whole brain under controlled in vitro-like exposure conditions is presented.<br><br>This model uses intact brains from desert locusts, which are placed in a well containing the compound solubilized in an insect buffer. After a limited time, the brain is removed and the compound concentration in the brain is measured by conventional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The data presented here include 25 known drugs, and the data show that the ex vivo insect model can be used to measure the brain uptake over the hemolymph-brain barrier of drugs and that the brain uptake shows linear correlation with in situ perfusion data obtainedinvertebrates.Moreover,this study shows that the insect ex vivo model is able to identify P-glycoprotein (Pgp) substrates, and the model allows differentiation between low-permeability compounds and compounds that are Pgp substrates.</p></blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Target Validation</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><dc:date>2015-12-14T07:45:42+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8784c9c788b1ce544e046ebcba7bb04f-171.html#unique-entry-id-171</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8784c9c788b1ce544e046ebcba7bb04f-171.html#unique-entry-id-171</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>There has been much discussion about the attrition of drugs in development due to lack of efficacy in man and this in part can be due to poor target validation. That is proof that modulation of the identified target in a model system has the desired impact on biological activity and can be linked to therapeutic utility.</p>

<blockquote>This is an absolutely critical step, almost everything else can be fixed.</blockquote>

<p>For this reason two new resources seem particularly valuable.</p>

<p>The Centre for Therapeutic Target Validation platform (<a href="https://www.targetvalidation.org">https://www.targetvalidation.org)</a> brings together information on the relationships between potential drug targets and diseases. The core concept is to identify evidence of an association between a target and disease from various data types.</p>

<blockquote>A target can be a protein, protein complex or RNA molecule, but we integrate evidence through the gene that codes for the target. In the same way, we describe diseases through a structure of relationships called the Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO) that allows us to bring together evidence across different but related diseases.The platform supports workflows starting from either a target or disease and presents the evidence for target &ndash; disease associations in a number of ways through association and evidence pages.</blockquote>

<p>DisGeNET(<a href="http://www.disgenet.org/web/DisGeNET/menu/home">http://www.disgenet.org/web/DisGeNET/menu/home</a>) is a discovery platform integrating information on gene-disease associations (GDAs) from several public data sources and the literature <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/database/bav028">doi</a>.</p>

<blockquote>The current version contains (DisGeNET v3.0) contains 429111 associations, between 17181 genes and 14619 diseases, disorders and clinical or abnormal human phenotypes. </blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources Update</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2015-11-08T09:12:51+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bc61c09a10c779851ca781d508903792-172.html#unique-entry-id-172</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bc61c09a10c779851ca781d508903792-172.html#unique-entry-id-172</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've updated the <a href="../resources/overview/hit_iden.html" title="Hit Identification">hit identification</a> section of the Drug Discovery Resources. In particular I've added to the high-throughput screening analysis including more information on PAINS  (Pan Assay Interference Compounds) first described by Baell et al <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm901137j">DOI</a> and subsequently summarised in an excellent <a href="http://www.nature.com/news/chemistry-chemical-con-artists-foil-drug-discovery-1.15991">Nature comment</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Academic researchers, drawn into drug discovery without appropriate guidance, are doing muddled science. When biologists identify a protein that contributes to disease, they hunt for chemical compounds that bind to the protein and affect its activity. A typical assay screens many thousands of chemicals. &lsquo;Hits&rsquo; become tools for studying the disease, as well as starting points in the hunt for treatments.</p>

<p>These molecules &mdash; pan-assay interference compounds, or PAINS &mdash; have defined structures, covering several classes of compound. But biologists and inexperienced chemists rarely recognize them. Instead, such compounds are reported as having promising activity against a wide variety of proteins. Time and research money are consequently wasted in attempts to optimize the activity of these compounds. Chemists make multiple analogues of apparent hits hoping to improve the &lsquo;fit&rsquo; between protein and compound. Meanwhile, true hits with real potential are neglected.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Also added a page on <a href="../../resources/hit_identification/aggregation.html" title="Aggregation">Aggregators</a>. Promiscuous inhibition caused by small molecule aggregation is a major source of false positive results in high-throughput screening. To mitigate this, use of a nonionic detergent such as Triton X-100 or Tween-80 has been studied, which can disrupt aggregates, and is now common in screening campaigns <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm061317y">DOI</a>. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The Handbook of Medicinal Chemistry</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><category>Books</category><dc:date>2015-10-27T09:16:57+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a77bdd26f8de2b79a6bad989fd796a14-173.html#unique-entry-id-173</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a77bdd26f8de2b79a6bad989fd796a14-173.html#unique-entry-id-173</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="https://itunes.apple.com/gb/book/handbook-medicinal-chemistry/id1041412115?at=10lodz">The Handbook of Medicinal Chemistry</a> is a new book providing insight and advice for medicinal chemists.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Drug discovery is a constantly developing and expanding area of research. Developed to provide a comprehensive guide, the Handbook of Medicinal Chemistry covers the past, present and future of the entire drug development process. Highlighting the recent successes and failures in drug discovery, the book helps readers to understand the factors governing modern drug discovery from the initial concept through to a marketed medicine. With chapters covering a wide range of topics from drug discovery processes and optimization, development of synthetic routes, pharmaceutical properties and computational biology, the handbook aims to enable medicinal chemists to apply their academic understanding to every aspect of drug discovery. Each chapter includes expert advice to not only provide a rigorous understanding of the principles being discussed, but to provide useful hints and tips gained from within the pharmaceutical industry. This expertise, combined with project case studies, highlighting and discussing all areas of successful projects, make this an essential handbook for all those involved in pharmaceutical development.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>A free app has also been created in collaboration with the editors of the book. <a href="http://www.macinchem.org/mobilescience/biology,chemistry,medical/medicinal-chemistry-toolkit/">The Medicinal Chemistry Toolkit</a> provides a suite of resources to support the day to day work of a medicinal chemist</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Do Privileged PPI Scaffolds Exist</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>publications</category><category>protein-protein interactions</category><dc:date>2015-10-14T09:18:45+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9a107fe1d1b1e83fb0344788cbbfed7a-174.html#unique-entry-id-174</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9a107fe1d1b1e83fb0344788cbbfed7a-174.html#unique-entry-id-174</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've been working with the BioFocus group at Chesterford Park (now part of Charles River) thinking about ligands for Protein Protein Interactions, some of the work was described on a poster at the 18th Cambridge Medicinal Chemistry Meeting held in Cambridge in September this year. The poster is now available online <a href="http://www.criver.com/files/pdfs/nonsource/do-privileged-ppi-scaffolds-exist.aspx">http://www.criver.com/files/pdfs/nonsource/do-privileged-ppi-scaffolds-exist.aspx</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are ubiquitous in cellular biochemistry; however they are often difficult drug targets to interrogate due to their unique molecular topologies. A consequence is that low hit rates are frequently observed in PPI HTS campaigns and there remains an unmet need for innovative small molecule PPI inhibitors (SMPPIIs).
The term "privileged scaffold" was coined in 1988 when core structures were found to bind to more than one receptor with high affinity. This led us to pose the question:
&ldquo;Do privileged PPI scaffolds exist?&rdquo;</p>
</blockquote>

<p><a href="http://www.criver.com/files/pdfs/nonsource/do-privileged-ppi-scaffolds-exist.aspx" rel="external"><img class="imageStyle" alt="cambridge-med-chem-conference-privileged-poster_final" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cambridge-med-chem-conference-privileged-poster_final.png" width="532" height="709" /></a></p>

<p>A brilliant group of scientists to work with, many stimulating discussions in a very important area.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>CRUK Grand Challenges</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>CRUK</category><category>Cancer</category><dc:date>2015-10-12T09:21:13+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e74d1b0362d9b2cc00375a03daf2e1d0-175.html#unique-entry-id-175</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e74d1b0362d9b2cc00375a03daf2e1d0-175.html#unique-entry-id-175</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Cancer Research UK has a series of <a href="https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/funding-for-researchers/how-we-deliver-research/grand-challenge-award/challenges?wssl=1">7 grand challenges detailed on its website</a></p>

<p>Challenge 1: Develop vaccines to prevent non-viral cancers</p>

<p>Challenge 2: Eradicate EBV-induced cancers from the world</p>

<p>Challenge 3: Identify new targets for cancer prevention by understanding how unusual patterns of mutation are induced by different cancer-causing events</p>

<p>Challenge 4: Distinguish between lethal cancers that need treating, and non-lethal cancers that don&rsquo;t</p>

<p>Challenge 5: Map the molecular and cellular tumour microenvironment in order to define new targets for therapy and prognosis</p>

<p>Challenge 7: Deliver biologically active macromolecules to any and all cells in the body to effectively treat cancer</p>

<p>Well worth reading about and there is also the opportunity to suggest your own challenge.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Setting up Cheminformatics Support for the Open Source Malaria Project</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><dc:date>2015-09-29T09:22:36+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6cc1237a8d6f9590671fd2581c74157c-176.html#unique-entry-id-176</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6cc1237a8d6f9590671fd2581c74157c-176.html#unique-entry-id-176</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Here are the slides for a talk I gave at the Cambridge Cheminformatics Network Meeting in August.
Setting up <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/OSMdatapresentation.pdf">Cheminformatics Support for the Open Source Malaria Project</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Latest Publication</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><dc:subject>News</dc:subject><dc:date>2015-09-24T09:24:02+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/632eea8438c1ff4415509d72715caec3-177.html#unique-entry-id-177</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/632eea8438c1ff4415509d72715caec3-177.html#unique-entry-id-177</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.150105">Bifunctional crosslinking ligands for transthyretin</a></p>

<p>P. Patrizia Mangione, St&eacute;phanie Deroo, Stephan Ellmerich, Vittorio Bellotti, Simon Kolstoe, Stephen P. Wood, Carol V. Robinson, Martin D. Smith, Glenys A. Tennent, Robert J. Broadbridge, Claire E. Council, Joanne R. Thurston, Victoria A. Steadman, Antonio K. Vong, Christopher J. Swain, Mark B. Pepys, Graham W. Taylor</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Wild-type and variant forms of transthyretin (TTR), a normal plasma protein, are amyloidogenic and can be deposited in the tissues as amyloid fibrils causing acquired and hereditary systemic TTR amyloidosis, a debilitating and usually fatal disease. Reduction in the abundance of amyloid fibril precursor proteins arrests amyloid deposition and halts disease progression in all forms of amyloidosis including TTR type. Our previous demonstration that circulating serum amyloid P component (SAP) is efficiently depleted by administration of a specific small molecule ligand compound, that non-covalently crosslinks pairs of SAP molecules, suggested that TTR may be also amenable to this approach. We first confirmed that chemically crosslinked human TTR is rapidly cleared from the circulation in mice. In order to crosslink pairs of TTR molecules, promote their accelerated clearance and thus therapeutically deplete plasma TTR, we prepared a range of bivalent specific ligands for the thyroxine binding sites of TTR. Non-covalently bound human TTR&ndash;ligand complexes were formed that were stable in vitro and in vivo, but they were not cleared from the plasma of mice in vivo more rapidly than native uncomplexed TTR. Therapeutic depletion of circulating TTR will require additional mechanisms.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Hepatotoxicity</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Toxicity</category><dc:date>2015-09-18T09:25:31+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/36472dcf4a8cf1a458eada081ed82db5-178.html#unique-entry-id-178</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/36472dcf4a8cf1a458eada081ed82db5-178.html#unique-entry-id-178</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've expended the <a href="../../resources/toxicity/pre_clinical_toxicity.html" title="Pre-Clinical Toxicity">preclinical toxicity</a> section to include a page on <a href="../../resources/toxicity/hepatotoxicity.html" title="Hepatotoxicity">hepatotoxicity.</a> This gives some details of the common assays and markers used to evaluate the potential hepatotoxicity.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>An Aggregation Advisor for Ligand Discovery</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2015-09-05T09:27:23+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5835bc09ec1787c01fd8629f7706b3ce-179.html#unique-entry-id-179</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5835bc09ec1787c01fd8629f7706b3ce-179.html#unique-entry-id-179</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Aggregation is a regular concern when evaluating potential hits from screening and a recent paper "An Aggregation Advisor for Ligand Discovery" <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01105">DOI</a> attempts to provide an insight into this phenomenon, in addition they provide a useful web-based tool <a href="http://advisor.bkslab.org">http://advisor.bkslab.org</a> that provides a free service to advise whether molecules may aggregate under biological assay conditions.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="aggre" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/aggre.png" width="663" height="619" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Time Dependent Inhibition</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>CytochromeP450</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2015-07-13T09:29:54+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/33c3648af7bdf6a3bcb3fb20e96c1bdf-180.html#unique-entry-id-180</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/33c3648af7bdf6a3bcb3fb20e96c1bdf-180.html#unique-entry-id-180</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've just updated the Drug Discovery Resources page on <a href="../../resources/ADME/CYP_interactions.html" title="CYP_interactions">CYP Interactions</a>, included a section on Time Dependent Inhibition (TDI).</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ResearchKit</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Development</category><dc:date>2015-07-10T09:31:39+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d50c87daf04ef753eb2758b41678e58d-181.html#unique-entry-id-181</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d50c87daf04ef753eb2758b41678e58d-181.html#unique-entry-id-181</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>An article on <a href="http://www.buzzfeed.com/stephaniemlee/big-pharma-eyes-apples-researchkit-for-drug-development#.hirbEpXaXk">BuzzFeed</a> suggests that Pharma companies are investigating the use of <a href="http://researchkit.org">ResearchKit</a> in clinical trial studies.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>ResearchKit is an open source framework introduced by Apple that allows researchers and developers to create powerful apps for medical research. Easily create visual consent flows, real-time dynamic active tasks, and surveys using a variety of customizable modules that you can build upon and share with the community. And since ResearchKit works seamlessly with HealthKit, researchers can access even more relevant data for their studies &mdash; like daily step counts, calorie use, and heart rate</p>
</blockquote>

<p>GlaxoSmithKline apparently is currently working on integrating (ResearchKit) into clinical trials and planning to start in coming months, whilst Purdue Pharma are in the early stages of exploring whether Apple&rsquo;s new tool for research data collection can be used as part of its own drug R&amp;D efforts.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>So far, ResearchKit apps are being led by academic medical centers like the University of California, San Francisco, and nonprofits like Sage Bionetworks and the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson&rsquo;s Research. LifeMap Solutions, a company that develops mobile health apps, helped create the asthma app in partnership with the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. The first ResearchKit apps signed up more than 75,000 participants in just the first few months</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Antibiotic Screening</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><category>Drug Development</category><dc:date>2015-07-09T09:32:51+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/02e1f8417ab62b19724ed110ac8f05e6-182.html#unique-entry-id-182</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/02e1f8417ab62b19724ed110ac8f05e6-182.html#unique-entry-id-182</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A little while ago I mentioned The <a href="http://www.co-add.org">Community for Open Antimicrobial Drug Discovery</a> effort to provide free compound screening against a variety of infective agents. I now have a few more details of what you might be able to access for a 1mg sample.</p>

<p>Primary Screening:-
Test against key ESKAPE pathogens, E. coli,
K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa,
S. aureus (MRSA), as well as the fungi C. neoformans and C. albicans, at a single concentration.<br>
Hit Confirmation:-
Confirm activity with minimum inhibitory concentration and counterscreen for cytotoxicity and membrane interaction.<br>
Hit Validation:-
Test the positive hit against a broader panel of microbes and evaluate the basic drug qualities of actives.</p>

<p>CO-ADD will screen your compounds for free and make no claim to IP</p>

<p>The <a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/CO-ADD%20fact%20sheet_chemists.pdf">linked flyer gives full details</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Metrabase</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2015-06-29T09:33:56+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/677ac6d2db38c668e776ea9e7fd2387d-183.html#unique-entry-id-183</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/677ac6d2db38c668e776ea9e7fd2387d-183.html#unique-entry-id-183</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>p>The <a href="http://www-metrabase.ch.cam.ac.uk">Metabolism and Transport Database</a> (Metrabase) is a cheminformatics and bioinformatics resource that contains curated data related to human small molecule metabolism and transport, Journal of Cheminformatics 2015, 7:31 <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13321-015-0083-5">DOI</a>. Currently it includes interaction data on 20 transporters, 3438 molecules and 11649 interaction records manually abstracted from 1211 literature references and supplemented with data from other resources as  shown in the image below taken from the original publication.</p></p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="s13321-015-0083-5-1" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/s13321-015-0083-5-1.gif" width="359" height="232" /></p>

<p>I've added this and more details to the <a href="../../resources/ADME/transporters.html" title="Transporters">Transporters</a> page of the <a href="../../resources/" title="Drug Discovery Resources">Drug Discovery Resources</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Grant Funding Research</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>grant funding</category><category>Funding</category><dc:date>2015-06-08T09:36:17+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/66f6f80880dfa9cf8777890f6cafe1c2-184.html#unique-entry-id-184</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/66f6f80880dfa9cf8777890f6cafe1c2-184.html#unique-entry-id-184</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I've just updated the page listing possible sources of <a href="../../resources/miscellaneous/grant_funds.html" title="Grant Funds">grant funding for drug discovery research</a>. In particular I've extended the listing of disease specific resources, these may be particularly useful for rare or neglected diseases.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Paracetamol Challenge</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Toxicity</category><dc:date>2015-05-28T09:37:46+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/742f8b18ad546262127cef2ceda60a06-185.html#unique-entry-id-185</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/742f8b18ad546262127cef2ceda60a06-185.html#unique-entry-id-185</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Sadly it appears that the latest craze to sweep social media is the <a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/paracetamol-challenge-police-and-teachers-issue-warning-to-parents-over-social-media-craze-10276757.html">Paracetamol Challenge</a> in which people (usually children) are encouraged to consume large amounts of the over the counter analgesic <a href="http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.1906.html">paracetamol</a> (called acetaminophen in North America).</p>

<p>One of the particularly insidious features of paracetamol toxicity is that individuals may display little or no symptoms in the first 24h, it is only later when increasing liver damage has occurred do the more serious symptoms become apparent.</p>

<h2>What is the mechanism of Paracetamol Toxicity</h2>

<p>At normal therapeutic doses paracetamol the main route for clearance is by Phase II processes including conjugation to form the glucuronide or sulphate followed by renal clearance. At higher doses however, paracetamol is oxidised by CYP450 enzymes in the liver to a highly reactive intermediary metabolite, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine (NAPQI). NAPQI can be detoxified by conjugation with glutathione (GSH) to form cysteine and mercapturic acid conjugates however this pathway has limited capacity and once supplies of glutathione are exhausted if NAPQI remains it can react covalently with biomolecules resulting in widespread hepatocyte damage and death, leading to acute hepatic necrosis. Without treatment this progresses to irreversible liver, kidney failure followed by multiple organ failures.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="actaminophen" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/actaminophen.png" width="619" height="451" /></p>

<h2>Treatment</h2>

<p>If caught within an hour of ingestion gastric lavage may be used to remove any drug that has not yet been absorbed, at later stages N-acetylcysteine can be administered. This works to reduce paracetamol toxicity by replenishing body stores of glutathione (GSH). However N-acetylcysteine needs to be administered before liver damage has occurred, if given more than 8 hours after ingestion of paracetamol it's effectiveness is reduced. If patients develop hepatic failure or who are otherwise expected to die from liver failure, the mainstay of treatment is liver transplantation.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Lack of reproducibility with antibodies</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Target identification</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2015-05-20T09:39:23+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/974594a45505303bb23b158016faee70-186.html#unique-entry-id-186</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/974594a45505303bb23b158016faee70-186.html#unique-entry-id-186</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A slightly worrying article in Nature, <a href="http://www.nature.com/news/reproducibility-crisis-blame-it-on-the-antibodies-1.17586?WT.mc_id=TWT_NatureNews">Reproducibility crisis: Blame it on the antibodies</a>.</p>

<p>The lack of reproducibility of published data on potential drug targets has been highlighted on several occasions <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd3439-c1">DOI</a> and it has been suggested that this is a major factor in the failure rate for phase 2 clinical trials <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrd3439">DOI</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>In almost two-thirds of the projects, there were inconsistencies between published data and in-house data that either considerably prolonged the duration of the target validation process or, in most cases, resulted in termination of the projects.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Antibodies have rapidly become a key tool in understanding and identifying new drug targets and potentially used as biomarkers to identify patients. However it is clear that many of the 2 million commercially available antibodies need to be checked rigorously, with some scientists claiming more than half are unreliable.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>In 2011, an evaluation4 of 246 antibodies used in epigenetic studies found that one-quarter failed tests for specificity, meaning that they often bound to more than one target. Four antibodies were perfectly specific &mdash; but to the wrong target.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Caveat emptor.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Medicinal Chemistry Toolkit app</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><dc:date>2015-05-18T09:40:45+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/77006a787ba4f41fc164eea49331e313-187.html#unique-entry-id-187</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/77006a787ba4f41fc164eea49331e313-187.html#unique-entry-id-187</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A review of the Medicinal Chemistry Toolkit app for iOS</p>

<p><a href="http://www.macinchem.org/reviews/mctk/medchemtoolkit.php">http://www.macinchem.org/reviews/mctk/medchemtoolkit.php</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The role of solvent in ligand binding</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>lead optimisation</category><dc:date>2015-05-13T09:42:02+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/90f0a39174e1f5e19c2c5ce8e0753590-188.html#unique-entry-id-188</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/90f0a39174e1f5e19c2c5ce8e0753590-188.html#unique-entry-id-188</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>p>The role of water in ligand binding is often ignored and I thought it might be useful to add information to the <a href="../../resources/" title="Drug Discovery Resources">drug discovery resources section</a>. In particular :-</p></p>

<p>Expanding the page on <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">molecular interactions</a></p>

<p>and adding a page on <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/solvation.html">Solvation and Desolvation</a></p>

<p>If you have time to have a look, any comments or suggestions would be very welcome.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>European Lead Factory</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2015-05-05T09:43:19+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e32a3f86add6e2db66cf85e391442719-189.html#unique-entry-id-189</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e32a3f86add6e2db66cf85e391442719-189.html#unique-entry-id-189</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>p>The <a href="../../resources/miscellaneous/ELF.html" title="European Lead Factory">European Lead Factory</a> has just announced that an additional <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/sonstige-seiten/news/news-article/press-release-european-lead-factory-wins-award-and-delivers-50000-new-compounds/">50,000 new compounds</a> have been added to their screening collection. This brings the collection up to 350,000 compounds and sets them well on the way to their 500,000 target.</p></p>

<p>I've been involved in a couple of projects that have made use of this high-throughput screening facility and I've been impressed with the quality and diversity of the hits generated.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The European Lead Factory was established to promote the discovery of novel lead compounds, suitable for subsequent optimization either to drug candidates or to high‐quality pharmacological tools for the experimental validation of targets. </p>
</blockquote>

<p>If you have a target you want to screen against you can <a href="https://www.europeanleadfactory.eu/proposals/biological-assays/submission-process-for-assays/">submit a proposal online</a>. For an academic or small company this is an interesting way to identify novel starting points for a medicinal chemistry program.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Free Compound Screening for antimicrobial activity</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2015-03-25T09:45:35+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6ba807ea4c2306077f204884c5fe02cf-190.html#unique-entry-id-190</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6ba807ea4c2306077f204884c5fe02cf-190.html#unique-entry-id-190</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The concerns about antibiotic resistance are well known and indeed have made headlines in the mainstream press. Here is a chance to help find the next generation of antibiotics.</p>

<p>Do you have interesting compounds sitting on the shelf? Perhaps you would be interested in having them screened for antibiotic activity for free?</p>

<p>The <a href="http://www.co-add.org">Community for Open Antimicrobial Drug Discovery</a> would like to hear from you, their goal is to screen compounds from academic research groups from anywhere in the world for free.</p>

<p>The requirements are pretty minimal</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>We ask for 1-2 mg of pure compound which will be used for primary screening, hit confirmation, and if active will be used for a broader antimicrobial screening, cytotoxicity and a check for its purity. We require all compounds to be soluble in water or DMSO and to be shipped as dry material in appropriate containers, such as  1-2 mL Eppendorf tubes. For larger collections we can arrange plates or tube-racks.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>In the primary screen they test against against key ESKAPE pathogens, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus (MRSA), as well as the fungi C. neoformans and C. albicans. The &lsquo;ESKAPE&rsquo; pathogens that are responsible for two-thirds of all health care-associated infections and resistant strains of these bacteria represent the greatest unmet need in antibacterial drug development. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>New Compound Sets Identified from High Throughput Phenotypic Screening Against Three Kinetoplastid Parasites: An Open Resource</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2015-03-12T09:47:01+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0189b27b5cb87781d7df028b791e55fd-191.html#unique-entry-id-191</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0189b27b5cb87781d7df028b791e55fd-191.html#unique-entry-id-191</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The GSK high-throughput screening group at Tres Cantos and collaborators have just published <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep08771">DOI</a> the results of whole-cell phenotypic screens against the three kinetoplastids most relevant to human disease, i.e. Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei. Three anti-kinetoplastid chemical boxes of ~200 compounds each were assembled. Functional analyses of these compounds suggest a wide array of potential modes of action against kinetoplastid kinases, proteases and cytochromes as well as potential host-pathogen targets. The compound sets are provided as an open resource for the scientific community.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="srep08771-f1" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/srep08771-f1.jpg" width="757" height="721" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Caveat emptor</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2015-01-19T09:50:33+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2b3adfaddfccdccf2d0cdb96319e8aa9-192.html#unique-entry-id-192</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2b3adfaddfccdccf2d0cdb96319e8aa9-192.html#unique-entry-id-192</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A paper entitled Promiscuous 2-Aminothiazoles (PrATs): A Frequent Hitting Scaffold appeared in J Med Chem recently <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm501402x">DOI</a>, in which they describe the promiscuous nature of 2-aminothiazoles in screens.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Exemplified by 4-phenylthiazol-2-amine being identified as a hit in 14/14 screens against a diverse range of protein targets, suggesting that this scaffold is a poor starting point for fragment-based drug discovery</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I thought I'd check how often this substructure appears in the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html" title="Published Fragment Hits">published fragments database</a>, indeed currently 43 of the 903 published fragments contain this substructure. Further investigation identifies a total of 63 amino-substituted 5-membered heterocycles, and there are 167 fragments in which there is an amino group on an aromatic ring (mainly heterocycles).</p>

<p>It should also be noted however that there are 64 structures in the <a href="http://www.drugbank.ca">DrugBank database</a> that also contain a 2-aminothiazole, so whilst promiscuous they can be developed into drugs.</p>

<p>So whether they are privileged structures or troublesome promiscuous hits is probably in the eye of the beholder, caveat emptor.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Annual Site Review</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><category>Drug Development</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2015-01-09T09:51:55+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d5e9bf76f5fbb104bab9189aa3665858-193.html#unique-entry-id-193</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d5e9bf76f5fbb104bab9189aa3665858-193.html#unique-entry-id-193</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>At the end of each year I take the opportunity to look at the website analytics to see what parts of the website are the most popular. Overall there was a 15% increase in the number of page views up to 75,000. Average time on a page was 2 mins suggesting the content is engaging with the viewers.</p>

<p>Nine of the top ten most popular pages were from the <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources Pages</a> which I am delighted to see, since it suggests that the work entailed in putting the resources together is worthwhile.</p>

<p>The most viewed pages were</p>

<p><ul>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/distribution.html">Distribution and Plasma Protein Binding</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/physiochem/">Calculating Physicochemical Properties</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/">Bioisosteres</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">Molecular Interactions</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/formulation.html">Formulation</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment based screening</a></li></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>More on PAINS</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2015-01-05T09:53:54+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7f6cffc843f664b3519ab1cb0ee8547f-194.html#unique-entry-id-194</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7f6cffc843f664b3519ab1cb0ee8547f-194.html#unique-entry-id-194</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I often get asked to help with the analysis of high-throughput screening results and one of the first filters I run as part of the <a href="../../resources/hit_identification/promiscous.html" title="Frequent Hitters">hit identification</a> is to flag for PAINS (Pan Assay Interference Compounds) first described by Baell et al <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm901137j">DOI</a> and subsequently summarised in an excellent <a href="http://www.nature.com/news/chemistry-chemical-con-artists-foil-drug-discovery-1.15991">Nature comment</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Academic researchers, drawn into drug discovery without appropriate guidance, are doing muddled science. When biologists identify a protein that contributes to disease, they hunt for chemical compounds that bind to the protein and affect its activity. A typical assay screens many thousands of chemicals. &lsquo;Hits&rsquo; become tools for studying the disease, as well as starting points in the hunt for treatments.</p>

<p>These molecules &mdash; pan-assay interference compounds, or PAINS &mdash; have defined structures, covering several classes of compound. But biologists and inexperienced chemists rarely recognize them. Instead, such compounds are reported as having promising activity against a wide variety of proteins. Time and research money are consequently wasted in attempts to optimize the activity of these compounds. Chemists make multiple analogues of apparent hits hoping to improve the &lsquo;fit&rsquo; between protein and compound. Meanwhile, true hits with real potential are neglected.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>In the supplementary information they provided the corresponding filters in Sybyl Line Notation (SLN) format, however they have also been converted to SMARTS format and incorporated in <a href="http://www.macinchem.org/reviews/pains/painsFilter.php">sieve file for use in filtering compound collections</a>. If you are a Vortex user then there is also a <a href="http://macinchem.org/reviews/vortex/tut22/scripting_vortex22.php">Vortex script available</a>, filters are also available for <a href="https://www.knime.org/downloads/overview">Knime</a> and now it is even available on mobile devices with <a href="http://cheminf20.org/2015/01/03/pains-filters-now-on-mobile-with-molprime/">MolPrime+</a>.</p>

<p>It is probably not until you have been involved in multiple small molecule screens that you appreciate the number of ways that false positives can occur and just how much valuable time and resources can be wasted following them up. Indeed it may be for the more difficult targets the majority of hits seen may be false positives. Flagging PAINS is now such a well developed tool that it would be fool hardy not to include it.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>CYP Interactions</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>CytochromeP450</category><category>ADME</category><dc:date>2014-11-12T06:57:38+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ad2a0d221bd4a5cf0804ddf7de4548ab-170.html#unique-entry-id-170</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ad2a0d221bd4a5cf0804ddf7de4548ab-170.html#unique-entry-id-170</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Prediction of Cytochromes P450 Inhibition, <a href="http://dx.doi.org/110.1093/bioinformatics/btt325">Bioinformatics, 2013, 29, 2051-2052 </a> WhichCyp, a tool for prediction of which cytochromes P450 isoforms (among 1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4) a given molecule is likely to inhibit. The models are built from experimental high-throughput data using support vector machines and molecular signatures.</p></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug versus Metabolite similarity</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2014-10-14T12:39:13+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c6a2b836d29f44ff067ae10fbb77dde8-169.html#unique-entry-id-169</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c6a2b836d29f44ff067ae10fbb77dde8-169.html#unique-entry-id-169</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A recent paper from Douglas Kell et al <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11306-014-0733-z">DOI</a> has provoked much discussion, especially since it was highlighted on <a href="http://pipeline.corante.com/archives/2014/10/06/a_new_way_to_estimate_a_compounds_chances.php">In the Pipeline</a>. The authors suggest that similarity to a human metabolite may be a useful as an indication of how &ldquo;drug like&rdquo; a molecule might be.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>We exploit the recent availability of a community reconstruction of the human metabolic network (&lsquo;Recon2&rsquo;) to study how close in structural terms are marketed drugs to the nearest known metabolite(s) that Recon2 contains. While other encodings using different kinds of chemical fingerprints give greater differences, we find using the 166 Public MDL Molecular Access (MACCS) keys that 90 % of marketed drugs have a Tanimoto similarity of more than 0.5 to the (structurally) &lsquo;nearest&rsquo; human metabolite. This suggests a &lsquo;rule of 0.5&rsquo; mnemonic for assessing the metabolite-like properties that characterise successful, marketed drugs. Multiobjective clustering leads to a similar conclusion, while artificial (synthetic) structures are seen to be less human-metabolite-like. This &lsquo;rule of 0.5&rsquo; may have considerable predictive value in chemical biology and drug discovery, and may represent a powerful filter for decision making processes.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Whilst this represents an interesting observation I was rather concerned about the choice of a Tanimoto coefficient of 0.5, and decided to repeat the analysis.</p>

<p>The <a href="http://humanmetabolism.org">recon-2</a> dataset was downloaded as a Matlab file, this was exported as a plain text file and <a href="http://blog.rguha.net/?p=1292">Rajarshi Guha</a> converted them to SMILES strings and removed duplicates (and did a comparison with PAINS). I imported these structures into a MOE database and then used a SVL script to compare the recon2 with several other datasets. This included <a href="http://www.drugbank.ca">DrugBank</a> that includes details of just under 7000 drug entries, a cleaned up subset of leadlike molecules from <a href="http://zinc.docking.org">Zinc</a>, and <a href="http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/index.jsp">BindingDB</a> a public, web-accessible database of measured binding affinities I downloaded in 2008. The datasets were first compared to each other using the MACCS fingerprints with a Tanimoto cutoff of 0.5.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="tan0.5" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/tan0.5.png" width="547" height="142" /></p>

<p>As the table above shows using a Tanimoto coefficient of 0.5 indeed 90% of the molecules in DrugBank are similar to a molecule in recon2, however the same is true for Zinc and BindingDB, indeed at a Tanimoto coefficient of 0.5 all the datasets are pretty similar.</p>

<p>If we increase the Tanimoto coefficient to 0.85 we start to see some resolution, recon2 looks to have more overlap with DrugBank than with either Zinc or BindingDB. However this may simply be a reflection of the fact that DrugBank contains a significant proportion of natural product derived compounds.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="tan0.85" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/tan0.85.png" width="553" height="141" /></p>

<p>The key question of course is &ldquo;Does this help us to identify compounds that are likely to fail in development?&rdquo;. It would be really useful to compare with successful drugs and those that fail in development however I&rsquo;m not aware of any dataset of of failed drug candidates (if anyone knows of one please let me know). However to in an effort to perhaps get some insight I&rsquo;ve compared the recon2 set with a dataset of drugs that have been withdrawn (for a variety of reasons). As might be expected using a Tanimoto coefficient of 0.5 offers little discrimination. Increasing to 0.85 it looks like there might be a signal there, but the dataset is too small for firm conclusions.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="withdrawn" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/withdrawn.png" width="362" height="184" /></p>

<p>In summary, this limited exploration suggests there may be something worth following up, but that a Tanimoto of 0.5 simply offers little discrimination. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Bioisosteres pages updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2014-10-13T09:59:26+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fa5f7c499a8b7d6090a2337cba7f0fa7-168.html#unique-entry-id-168</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fa5f7c499a8b7d6090a2337cba7f0fa7-168.html#unique-entry-id-168</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" target="self" title="Bioisosteres">pages on bioisosteres</a> to include more examples.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Page on HERG updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hERG</category><dc:date>2014-09-29T14:41:54+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a5655566743d5e11689999f29346948c-167.html#unique-entry-id-167</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a5655566743d5e11689999f29346948c-167.html#unique-entry-id-167</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the <a href="../resources/herg_activity.html" target="self" title="HERG_activity">page on HERG activity</a>, to include a little more information on pharmacophore models.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment sized drugs</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2014-09-10T14:53:33+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a3829f1df65cfda9fb5cf309f3a71899-166.html#unique-entry-id-166</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a3829f1df65cfda9fb5cf309f3a71899-166.html#unique-entry-id-166</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>As someone who regularly reads Derek Lowe&rsquo;s &ldquo;In the Pipeline&rdquo; blog I was taken with the post on <a href="http://pipeline.corante.com/archives/2014/08/27/the_smallest_drugs.php">The Smallest Drugs</a> in which he highlighted the structures using the arbitrary cutoffs</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>the molecular weight cutoff was set, arbitrarily, at aspirin's 180. I excluded the inhaled anaesthetics, only allowing things that are oils or solids in their form of use. As a small-molecule organic chemist, I only allowed organic compounds - lithium and so on are for another category. </p>
</blockquote>

<p>An interesting selection but I thought it might be interesting to profile the calculated properties, I used the <a href="http://www.drugbank.ca">DrugBank Database</a> too ensure I got a more comprehensive dataset and then calculated properties as I have done for the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html" target="self" title="Published Fragment Hits">Fragment collections</a>. The results are shown below. Probably the most notable feature is the number that contain ionisable groups, over 60% of the molecules would be predicted to be ionised at physiological pH (note however it does include a couple of natural amino acids). Around 50% contain an aromatic ring (of which 2/3 are heterocycles). There are a couple of structures with more 3D shape (<a href="http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.3914.html" target="self">Memantine</a>) but in general they would be classified as disc or rod-like. In general the results don&rsquo;t look too dissimilar to the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html" target="self" title="Published Fragment Hits">Published Fragment Hits</a>.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="smallDrugs" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/smalldrugs.png" width="1381" height="958" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Published Fragments</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2014-08-13T11:49:43+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dd7f12643607574ef09ed43eb7eb4514-165.html#unique-entry-id-165</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dd7f12643607574ef09ed43eb7eb4514-165.html#unique-entry-id-165</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the<a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html" target="self" title="Published Fragment Hits"> page on published fragments</a>, the dataset now includes over 800 published fragments hits abstracted from over 200 publications directed at nearly 130 different molecular targets using 22 different detection technologies and might be expected to give some insight into the type of compounds that appear as hits. With the caveat that the dataset only includes information that has been published.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="PubFrag" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/pubfrag.png" width="1057" height="741" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seven pharma companies provide access to stalled development compounds</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2014-07-22T15:07:29+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d9306ecb1418925c2f4ffc8b8206c3fc-164.html#unique-entry-id-164</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d9306ecb1418925c2f4ffc8b8206c3fc-164.html#unique-entry-id-164</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>UK researchers will be granted access to a &lsquo;virtual library&rsquo; of deprioritised pharmaceutical compounds through a new partnership between the Medical Research Council (MRC) and seven global drug companies, <a href="http://www.mrc.ac.uk/news-events/news/seven-pharma-companies-offer-up-compounds-to-uk-researchers/">announced today by Business Secretary Vince Cable</a>.</p>

<p>AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Research &amp; Development LLC*, Lilly, Pfizer, Takeda and UCB will each offer up a number of their deprioritised molecules for use in new studies to improve our understanding of a range of diseases. A full list of available compounds will be published later this year, when UK scientists will be able to apply for MRC funding to use them in academic research projects.</p>

<p>This has the potential to a really exciting resource for scientists to explore the pathways involved in a variety of different diseases, and since the compounds have apparently undergone some development it may provide a boon to those involved in repurposing drugs. Much will of course depend on the compounds offered but perhaps other companies will follow suit.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources Updates</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>CytochromeP450</category><category>ADME</category><dc:date>2014-07-16T08:48:28+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/76c65e88e8b047bf83fef28d077237f9-163.html#unique-entry-id-163</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/76c65e88e8b047bf83fef28d077237f9-163.html#unique-entry-id-163</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve added two new pages to the ADME section, there are now separate pages for <a href="../resources/ADME/cyp2d6inhibition.html" target="self" title="CYP2D6 Inhibition">CYP2D6 inhibitors</a> and <a href="../resources/ADME/cyp3a4inhibition.html" target="self" title="CYP3A4 Inhibition">CY3A4 inhibitors</a>.</p>

<p>22 July 2014
Updated to include <a href="../resources/ADME/cyp2c9inhibition.html" target="self" title="CYP2C9 Inhibition">CYP2C9</a> and <a href="../resources/ADME/cyp2c19inhibition.html" target="self" title="CYP2C19 Inhibition">CYP2C19</a> inhibitors.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Nheterocycles" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/nheterocycles.png" width="677" height="934" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>18th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2014-06-24T19:15:49+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e53c759c11b74396ccebdbb66af63b45-162.html#unique-entry-id-162</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e53c759c11b74396ccebdbb66af63b45-162.html#unique-entry-id-162</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>18th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium
Sunday 13 - Wednesday 16 September 2015 Churchill College, Cambridge , UK</p>

<p>Europe&rsquo;s premier biennial Medicinal Chemistry event, focusing on first disclosures and new strategies in medicinal chemistry. Reflecting current trends in medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical research, the theme of the conference will be &lsquo;Drugging the Undruggable&rsquo;.</p>

<p>A number of conference places will be reserved for poster presenters and contributions are invited from the whole field of medicinal chemistry. Those presenting a poster may also elect to advertise their poster via oral presentation of a single slide &lsquo;flash&rsquo; poster. In addition to traditional plenary talks the organising committee wishes to solicit short talks (20 minutes) describing highly impactful but possibly less complete episodes of medicinal chemistry.</p>

<p>Further Information
SCI Conference Dept, 14/15 Belgrave Square, London, SW1X 8PS T: + 44 (0)20 7598 1561
E: conferences@soci.org
W: www.soci.org</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Longitude Prize 2014</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><dc:subject>News</dc:subject><dc:date>2014-06-23T08:09:31+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/870f81420b33393d60b11e94daa94e8c-161.html#unique-entry-id-161</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/870f81420b33393d60b11e94daa94e8c-161.html#unique-entry-id-161</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In 1714 the British government threw down the gauntlet to solve the greatest scientific challenge of the century &ndash; how to pinpoint a ship&rsquo;s location at sea by knowing its longitude. Three hundred years later the <a href="http://www.longitudeprize.org">Longitude Prize 2014</a> is a challenge with a &pound;10 million prize fund to help solve one of the greatest issues of our time. It is being run and developed by Nesta, with the Technology Strategy Board as launch funding partner.</p>

<p>There are six potential areas highlighted all very worthy causes, however there can only be one prize winner and this is your chance to <a href="http://www.longitudeprize.org/vote-now">vote for your preferred project</a>.</p>

<h2>The Challenges</h2>

<p>WATER
How can we ensure everyone can have access to safe and clean water?
Water is becoming an increasingly scarce resource. 44 per cent of the world&rsquo;s population and 28 per cent of the world&rsquo;s agriculture are in regions of the world where water is scarce. The challenge is to alleviate the growing pressure on the planet&rsquo;s fresh water by creating a cheap, environmentally sustainable desalination technology.</p>

<p>ANTIBIOTICS
How can we prevent the rise of resistance to antibiotics?
The development of antibiotics has added an average of 20 years to our life. Yet the rise of antimicrobial resistance is threatening to make them ineffective. This poses a significant future risk as common infections become untreatable. The challenge is to create a cost-effective, accurate, rapid, and easy-to-use test for bacterial infections that will allow health professionals worldwide to administer the right antibiotics at the right time.</p>

<p>DEMENTIA
How can we help people with dementia live independently for longer?
It is estimated that 135 million people worldwide will have dementia by 2050, which will mean a greater personal and financial cost to society. With no existing cure, there is a need to find ways to support a person&rsquo;s dignity, physical and emotional wellbeing. The challenge is to develop intelligent, affordable integrated technologies that revolutionise care for people with dementia, enabling them to live independent lives.</p>

<p>FLIGHT
How can we fly without damaging the environment?
If aircraft carbon emissions continue to rise they could contribute up to 15 per cent of global warming from human activities within 50 years. This needs to be addressed in order to slow down climate change and its detrimental effects on the planet. The challenge is to design and build an aeroplane that is as close to zero-carbon as possible and capable of flying from London to Edinburgh, at comparable speed to today&rsquo;s aircraft.</p>

<p>FOOD
How can we ensure everyone has nutritious, sustainable food?
One in eight people worldwide do not get enough food to live a healthy and fulfilled life. With a growing population and limited resources, providing everybody with nutritious, sustainable food is one of the biggest global problems ever faced. The challenge is to invent the next big food innovation, helping to ensure a future where everyone has enough nutritious, affordable and environmentally sustainable food.</p>

<p>PARALYSIS
How can we restore movement to those with paralysis?
In the UK, a person is paralysed every eight hours. Paralysis can emerge from a number of different injuries, conditions and disorders and the effects can be devastating. Every day can be demanding when mobility, bowel control, sexual function and respiration are lost or impaired. The challenge is to invent a solution that gives paralysed people close to the same freedom of movement that most of us enjoy.
Find out more &amp; vote</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources Updates</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Brain Pentration</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2014-06-18T12:16:09+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5a497cdd25794beb50655296a7804b26-160.html#unique-entry-id-160</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5a497cdd25794beb50655296a7804b26-160.html#unique-entry-id-160</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the Drug Discovery Resources, in particular I&rsquo;ve updated the section on <a href="../resources/ADME/brian_penetration.html" target="self" title="Brain Penetration">Brain Penetration</a> to include more on predictive models.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="PCAanalysis" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/pcaanalysis.png" width="480" height="413" /></p>

<p>I&rsquo;ve also updated the page on <a href="../resources/grant_funds.html" target="self" title="Grant Funds">Grant Funding Research</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Worth a look.</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Books</category><category>Computational chemistry</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2014-05-31T10:28:29+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4f5ea73fe1070d6df71f27a29fc0e1f0-159.html#unique-entry-id-159</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4f5ea73fe1070d6df71f27a29fc0e1f0-159.html#unique-entry-id-159</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The a third edition of the popular book, The Organic Chemistry of Drug Design and Drug Action by Silverman and Holladay has just been released, I&rsquo;ve added it to <a href="../resources/books.html" target="self" title="Books">the book list</a>.</p>

<p>Vortex users might be interested in a <a href="http://www.macinchem.org/reviews/vortex/scripting_vortex19.php">new script</a> that implements an interesting paper from Wagner et al Moving beyond Rules: The Development of a Central Nervous System Multiparameter Optimization (CNS MPO) Approach To Enable Alignment of Druglike Properties <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cn100008c">DOI</a> that describes an algorithm to score compounds with respect to CNS penetration.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.macinchem.org/reviews/LillyMCR/LillyMedChemRules.php">Lilly MedChem rules can now be installed using Homebrew</a>. In late 2012 Robert Bruns and Ian Watson published a paper entitled Rules for Identifying Potentially Reactive or Promiscuous Compounds <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cn100008c">DOI</a>. This article describes a set of 275 rules, developed over an 18-year period, used to identify compounds that may interfere with biological assays, allowing their removal from screening sets. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources Updates</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>hit identification</category><dc:date>2014-05-06T13:08:34+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/be15d7db5ab2fbf28918422fa8405881-158.html#unique-entry-id-158</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/be15d7db5ab2fbf28918422fa8405881-158.html#unique-entry-id-158</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve made a couple of updates to the <a href="../resources/" target="self" title="Drug Discovery Resources">Drug Discovery Resources pages</a>. In particular I&rsquo;ve updated the Published fragments Hits to include more examples, details of &ldquo;promiscuous&rdquo; compounds and summary of detection technologies and the targets explored. I&rsquo;ve also updated the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/aspartic_protease_inhibitors.html" target="self" title="Aspartic Protease Inhibitors">Aspartic Protease inhibitors </a>page.</p>

<p>As ever comments and/or suggestions very welcome.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Bringing Open Source to Drug Discovery demo</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Cheminformatics</category><dc:date>2014-04-28T21:55:55+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/de54ce013edad18ea832be00429f4eba-157.html#unique-entry-id-157</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/de54ce013edad18ea832be00429f4eba-157.html#unique-entry-id-157</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I spoke at the 25th Symposium on Medicinal Chemistry in Eastern England yesterday and gave a talk/demo on integrating Open Source software into Drug Discovery. I&rsquo;ve now recorded the demo I showed and put it on YouTube</p>

<p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sG9vDIfp0NE&amp;feature=youtu.be" target="self" rel="external">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sG9vDIfp0NE&amp;feature=youtu.be</a></p>

<p>If you want any further information I&rsquo;d be happy to try and help.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Bringing Open Source to Drug Discovery</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Cheminformatics</category><dc:date>2014-04-25T10:03:58+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0fd9f1f2dbf017c1bfd0724633af202d-156.html#unique-entry-id-156</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0fd9f1f2dbf017c1bfd0724633af202d-156.html#unique-entry-id-156</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I spoke at the 25th Symposium on Medicinal Chemistry in Eastern England yesterday and gave a talk/demo on integrating Open Source software into Drug Discovery. As I promised at the meeting I&rsquo;ve published the slide deck that now includes 25 pages on links and resources that I hope you will find useful.</p>

<p><a href="http://cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/files/OpenDrugDiscovery.pdf">Bringing Open Source to Drug Discovery</a></p>

<p>If you want any further information I&rsquo;d be happy to try and help.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The origin of the pharmacophore concept.</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2014-04-23T12:38:38+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c13494648706996024c56588f810f093-155.html#unique-entry-id-155</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c13494648706996024c56588f810f093-155.html#unique-entry-id-155</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Any medicinal chemist will use the term &ldquo;pharmacophore&rdquo; to describe key features of a ligand binding interaction in 3D, but have you ever wondered where this important concept originated? Thanks to some detective work by Osman F. G&uuml;ner  and J. Phillip Bowen we now have a better idea who the concept originated and evolved. It is all described in a paper in J Chem. Inf. Model  <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci5000533">DOI</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The IUPAC defines a pharmacophore to be "an ensemble of steric and electronic features that is necessary to ensure the optimal supramolecular interactions with a specific biological target and to trigger (or block) its biological response&rdquo;.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>It is important to recognise that whilst a specific group of atoms may be used to define a pharmacophoric feature, the steric and electronic requirements can be mimicked by a completely different group of atoms.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Kinase Inhibitors</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hit identification</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2014-04-08T07:48:37+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2ecf1789756eadd8aba0d1f7074c62bd-154.html#unique-entry-id-154</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2ecf1789756eadd8aba0d1f7074c62bd-154.html#unique-entry-id-154</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the Drug Discovery Resources to include a page on <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/focus/kinaseinhib.html">Kinase Inhibitors</a>. I will be expanding it over the next week, so any comments or suggestions welcome.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ChEMBL 18 released</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2014-04-02T22:06:59+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/93a4e5edd7930e1e09957f9980f0258d-153.html#unique-entry-id-153</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/93a4e5edd7930e1e09957f9980f0258d-153.html#unique-entry-id-153</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>ChEMBL_18 has just been released.</p>

<p>It can be downloaded from the <a href="ftp://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/chembl/ChEMBLdb/releases/chembl_18">ChEMBL FTP site</a>, and there are more details on the <a href="http://chembl.blogspot.co.uk/2014/04/chembl18-released.html">ChEMBL blog</a></p>

<ul>
<li>1,566,466 compound records</li>
<li>1,359,508 compounds (of which 1,352,681 have mol files)</li>
<li>12,419,715 activities</li>
<li>1,042,374 assays</li>
<li>9,414 targets</li>
<li>53,298 documents</li>
</ul>

<p>They now include epigenetic targets, and several new web services giving drug approvals and mechanisms.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Centre for Therapeutic Target Validation</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Target identification</category><dc:date>2014-03-27T09:14:37+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a87f3a232173e0915774ed6e15a8a687-152.html#unique-entry-id-152</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a87f3a232173e0915774ed6e15a8a687-152.html#unique-entry-id-152</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Target validation is the most critical step in drug discovery because as the chemists will tell you &ldquo;Most of the other things we can fix&rdquo;, so I was delighted to hear about the new Centre for Therapeutic Target Validation.</p>

<p>You can read more about it in the <a href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/about/news/press-releases/CTTV-launch">Press release</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>&rdquo;The Centre for Therapeutic Target Validation is a transformative collaboration to improve the process of discovering new medicines,&rdquo; says Dr Birney. &ldquo;The pre-competitive nature of the centre is critical: the collaboration of EMBL-EBI and the Sanger Institute with GSK allows us to make the most of commercial R&amp;D practice, but the data and information will be available to everyone. It is truly exciting to apply so many different areas of expertise, from data integration to genomics, to the challenge of creating better medicines.&rdquo;</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I wish them every success and will be following their work closely.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>New fragment libraries</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2014-03-19T13:37:40+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cb5d2f3ddb239daf2e456560c7d8d619-151.html#unique-entry-id-151</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cb5d2f3ddb239daf2e456560c7d8d619-151.html#unique-entry-id-151</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It is interesting to see how commercial fragment libraries are starting to evolve, from simple molecular weight cuts of available chemicals to more careful selection based on physicochemical properties. We now see several interesting design strategies being adopted.</p>

<p>Those based on a screening technology such as the <a href="http://www.lifechemicals.com/files/Fluorine-Based_Fragment_Library.pdf">LifeChemicals Fluorine-based library</a> to support <sup>19</sup>F NMR-based fragment screening, and the <a href="http://www.maybridge.com/portal/alias__Rainbow/lang__en/tabID__190/DesktopDefault.aspx">Maybridge Bromo-Fragment Collection</a> a collection of over 1500 bromine containing Maybridge fragments constructed as an aid to X-ray based fragment screening.</p>

<p>Other libraries are designed for specific targets</p>

<p>OTAVA offers you new <a href="http://www.otavachemicals.com/products/fragment-libraries/chelator-fragment-library?utm_medium=email&amp;utm_source=UniSender&amp;utm_campaign=27339774" target="self">Chelator Fragment Library</a> that comprises 575 compounds in total, Chelators demonstrate binding affinities suitable for FBLD screening and provide a diverse range of molecular platforms from which to develop lead compounds. Also, the propensity for chelators to bind metal ions allows for better prediction of their probable binding position within a protein active site in the absence of experimental structural data of the complex.&nbsp;</p>

<p>Many attractive drug targets contain a free sulfhydryl group in the active site that confounds functional HTS assays due to its facile, non-specific oxidation leading to target inhibition.  AnCore have developed a <a href="http://www.ancorexthera.com/tci-frag.html" target="self">Targeted Covalent Inhibitor fragment library </a>(TCI-Frag&trade;) containing 100+ Rule-of-3 compliant fragments are conjugated with mildly reactive functionalities.
The <a href="http://www.keyorganics.net/services/bionet-products/fragment-libraries/">BIONET CNS Fragment Library</a> is a focused library containing 700 Fragments selected for their suitability for Fragment Based Lead Discovery in the areas of CNS drug discovery and Universal target classes.</p>

<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collections.html" target="self" title="Fragment Collections">Fragment Collections page</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources website updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2014-03-10T08:43:50+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7eed38b8d2ef8f129635d4f17aa83430-150.html#unique-entry-id-150</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7eed38b8d2ef8f129635d4f17aa83430-150.html#unique-entry-id-150</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;m in the process of updating the <a href="../resources/" target="self" title="Drug Discovery Resources">Drug Discovery Resources</a> pages, in particular I&rsquo;ve updated the <a href="../resources/grant_funds.html" target="self" title="Grant Funds">Grant Funding resources</a> and <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html" target="self" title="Published Fragment Hits">Fragment screening</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Free online MedChem course</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><category>Training</category><dc:date>2014-02-19T09:07:17+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4e49103ff7c6ffab4c671f90989c73f9-149.html#unique-entry-id-149</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4e49103ff7c6ffab4c671f90989c73f9-149.html#unique-entry-id-149</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just been sent details of a new medicinal chemistry course.</p>

<p><a href="https://www.edx.org/course/davidsonx/davidsonx-001x-medicinal-chemistry-1220">Medicinal Chemistry: The Molecular Basis of Drug Discovery</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>This course explores how to bring a drug from concept to market, and how a drug's chemical structure relates to its biological function. The course opens with an introduction to the drug approval process. This introduction combines the social, economic, and ethical aspects of drug discovery. Topics include how diseases are selected for treatment, the role of animal testing, and the costs of various discovery phases. The course then focuses on the scientific side of drug discovery. Topics include how drugs interact with biological molecules, drug absorption and elimination, and the discovery of weakly active molecules and their optimization into viable drugs.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>The course starts 10 March, it is estimated the course will require 6-8 hours per week and runs for 7 weeks. The course was organised by Erland Stevens who wrote the medchem textbook <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0321892704/ref=as_li_tf_tl?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=1634&amp;creative=6738&amp;creativeASIN=0321892704&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;tag=macinche-21">Medicinal Chemistry: The Modern Drug Discovery Process</a><img src="http://ir-uk.amazon-adsystem.com/e/ir?t=macinche-21&amp;l=as2&amp;o=2&amp;a=0321892704" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;" />.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Play to Cure™: Genes in Space</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Cancer</category><dc:date>2014-02-06T12:45:07+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/53929459e80218c075558c8f583c0d3d-148.html#unique-entry-id-148</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/53929459e80218c075558c8f583c0d3d-148.html#unique-entry-id-148</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Beating cancer through a space game never seemed possible. Until now&hellip;.</p>

<p>Every day, scientists across the globe are painstakingly analysing the genetic faults in thousands of cancer samples. They are looking for clues that will help develop new cancer treatments. This game let&rsquo;s you help.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.macinchem.org/mobilescience/biology,chemistry,medical/play-to-cure-genes-in-space/">Play to Cure&trade;: Genes in Space</a> is a pioneering way of helping these scientists in their mission to beat cancer sooner and all via this world first mobile game supported by Cancer Research UK.</p>

<p>A mysterious substance is discovered in the voids of deep space. Dubbed Element Alpha, the substance is refined for use in medicine, engineering and construction and soon the Element Alpha industry explodes galaxy wide&hellip;..</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Aldehyde Oxidase page updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>Metabolism</category><dc:date>2014-02-04T09:41:51+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a357bf3023f0e9e2d74b5fbe3a929773-147.html#unique-entry-id-147</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a357bf3023f0e9e2d74b5fbe3a929773-147.html#unique-entry-id-147</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the page on <a href="../resources/ADME/aldehyde_oxidase.html" target="self" title="Aldehyde Oxidase">Aldehyde Oxidase</a>, an enzyme in metabolism of a wide variety of nitrogen heterocycles. </p>

<p>I&rsquo;ve also included A recent publication  <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm4017976">DOI</a> that suggests a simple test for the early identification of heteroaromatic drug candidates that have a high probability of metabolism by AO. Bis(((difluoromethyl)sulfinyl)oxy)zinc (DFMS) was used as a source of the CF2H racial, simple LCMS was then used to identify a characteristic M+50 peak. It is also possible to scale up and isolate these metabolically blocked compounds and retest them for improved qualities. </p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Page on HERG updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hERG</category><dc:date>2014-01-30T10:05:18+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/95aaf63e8a3e025469606d26ad8d66d8-146.html#unique-entry-id-146</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/95aaf63e8a3e025469606d26ad8d66d8-146.html#unique-entry-id-146</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the <a href="../resources/herg_activity.html" target="self" title="HERG_activity">page on HERG activity</a>, I&rsquo;ve included the results of matched pair analysis conducted on the database of berg activity that I have been compiling.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>A review of FAst MEtabolizer (FAME)</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>Cheminformatics</category><dc:date>2014-01-13T09:14:02+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a4dfe5eb285f2e82af66b2e255398e57-145.html#unique-entry-id-145</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a4dfe5eb285f2e82af66b2e255398e57-145.html#unique-entry-id-145</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Whilst much computational work is undertaken to support, library design, virtual screening, hit selection and affinity optimisation the reality is that the most challenging issues to resolve in drug discovery often revolve around absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME). Whilst we can measure the levels of parent drug in various medium tracking metabolic fate can often be a considerably more difficult proposition requiring significant resources. For this reason prediction of sites of metabolism has become the subject of current interest.</p>

<p>FAME <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci400503s">DOI</a> is a collection of random forest models trained on a comprehensive and highly diverse data set of 20,000 small molecules annotated with their experimentally determined sites of metabolism taken from multiple species (rat, dog and human). In addition dedicated models are available to predict sites of metabolism of phase I and II processes. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="aspirinFame" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/aspirinfame.png" width="363" height="306" /></p>

<p>FAME offers a high performance prediction of sites of metabolism mediated by a wide variety of mechanisms.</p>

<p>The <a href="http://www.macinchem.org/reviews/fame/fame.php" target="self" title="FAME">full review is available here</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources website annual report</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2014-01-02T08:06:56+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e4617dc7a785fe701b952dbc76947e37-144.html#unique-entry-id-144</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e4617dc7a785fe701b952dbc76947e37-144.html#unique-entry-id-144</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources</a> section of the website is intended to act as a resource for scientists undertaking drug discovery, it was originally simply a web page version of a course I used to give but has been continuously expanded and updated. Since this takes a far amount of time I like to monitor usage to check that it is being used.</p>

<p>In 2013 the Drug Discovery Resources section was viewed by nearly 24,000 unique visitors (there were 9000 unique visitors in 2012), 27% of which made more than one visit. There were 65,000 page views and on average visitors viewed two pages per visit. There were visitors from 141 different countries with the US and UK being the most common.</p>

<p>The most frequently accessed pages were</p>

<p><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/">Drug Discovery Resources</a><br>
<a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/distribution.html">Plasma Protein Binding and Distribution</a><br>
<a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/molecular_interactions.html">Molecular Interactions</a><br>
<a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/formulation.html">Formulation</a><br>
<a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html">Fragment Screening</a><br></p>

<p>The most popular sections were</p>

<p><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/ADME/">ADME</a><br>
<a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/bioisoteres/">Bioisosteres</a><br>
<a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/overview/hit_iden.php">Hit Identification</a></p>

<p>The top search queries were</p>

<p>Plasma Protein Binding<br>
LogD<br>
Bioisosteres<br>
ADME<br>
Aldehyde Oxidase<br></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seasons Greetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><dc:subject>News</dc:subject><dc:date>2013-12-23T09:26:29+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5bef56aba5d98c8a95f1448653fd1757-143.html#unique-entry-id-143</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5bef56aba5d98c8a95f1448653fd1757-143.html#unique-entry-id-143</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>All the best for Christmas and every success in the New Year,</p>

<p>Cheers</p>

<p>Chris</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="IMG_0325" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/img_0325.jpg" width="480" height="358" /></p>

<p>All monies saved by using an electronic card will be donated to multiple sclerosis research</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>SureChEMBL</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2013-12-11T07:49:35+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/be213fe98eb4e3c7778ec9ef11c22f76-142.html#unique-entry-id-142</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/be213fe98eb4e3c7778ec9ef11c22f76-142.html#unique-entry-id-142</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I just saw a <a href="http://chembl.blogspot.co.uk/2013/12/surechembl-chemical-structure.html">note that the ChEMBL group</a> that they are taking over the running of the <a href="https://www.surechem.com">SureChem</a> system from Digital Science. This means that ChEMBL will be collating the chemical patent literature.</p>

<p>More details from the announcement</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>For those of you that are already SureChem users you will be familiar with the functionality and how it works; but for those that weren't SureChEMBL takes feeds of full text patents, identifies chemical objects from either the in-line text or from images and adds 2-D chemical structures. This is then loaded into a database and is searchable by chemical structure, so you can do substructure, similarity searching and so forth - all the good things you'd expect from a chemical database. This chemical search functionality is unavailable from the public, published patent documents, and is really essential for anyone seriously using the patent literature. Oh, and the system does this live, so as patents are published, they are processed and added to the system - the delay between publication and structures being available in SureChEMBL is about a day when converted from text, and a few days when converted from image sources</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Bioisosteres Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2013-12-08T10:07:06+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3a2fff2de4ec42554180cb66e123bc57-141.html#unique-entry-id-141</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3a2fff2de4ec42554180cb66e123bc57-141.html#unique-entry-id-141</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the aromatic bioisosteres page to include the bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane replacement for phenyl described in a recent publication <a href="dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm300094u |">DOI</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Published Fragment Hits</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2013-10-22T09:22:00+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c8342f146d138eb244e9d8f93007dfab-140.html#unique-entry-id-140</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c8342f146d138eb244e9d8f93007dfab-140.html#unique-entry-id-140</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve continued to collect details of fragment based screening hits that have been reported in the literature. There are now over 600 hits reported for 113 different targets culled from over 160 publications. I&rsquo;ll update the calculated properties for those compounds in due course. I was interested in seeing if the physicochemical profiles are different depending on the type of target, however as the plot below shows, the majority of those hits have been identified against enzyme targets so I think I&rsquo;ll need more data before any meaningful conclusions can be made.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="targetType" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/targettype.png" width="480" height="566" /></p>

<p>In contrast when looking at the screening technology used a variety of technologies have afforded a substantial number of hits, when I&rsquo;ve abstracted the latest batch of papers I&rsquo;ll have a look at the profiles of the compounds identified using each technology.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="DetectionType" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/detectiontype.png" width="480" height="595" /></p>

<p>Finding the data is getting more of a challenge, it seems as fragment screening becomes more mainstream it is often not mentioned in the title or abstract. So if you have recently published a relevant paper if you could send me the reference or even a pdf I&rsquo;d be very grateful.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources Update</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2013-10-15T08:13:09+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/986576b515b17b64c469cb3578a0dc90-139.html#unique-entry-id-139</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/986576b515b17b64c469cb3578a0dc90-139.html#unique-entry-id-139</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;m in the process of updating the drug discovery resources pages. </p>

<p>I&rsquo;ve added a couple more examples to the <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" target="self" title="Bioisosteres">bioisosteres pages</a> and revamped the <a href="../resources/lead_identification/computational_chemistry_tools.html" target="self" title="Computation Chemistry Tools">Computational Chemistry Tools page</a>.</p>

<p>I&rsquo;ve also updated the <a href="../journals/" target="self" title="Journal Feeds">Journal RSS feeds</a> and included the feed for Chemical Biology and Drug Design.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seeding Drug Discovery</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Development</category><dc:date>2013-10-11T15:39:05+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1b363490bafe836db8f082c4bc26d16c-138.html#unique-entry-id-138</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1b363490bafe836db8f082c4bc26d16c-138.html#unique-entry-id-138</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The closing date for the next round of the <a href="http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/Funding/Technology-transfer/Awards/Seeding-Drug-Discovery/index.htm">Wellcome Trust Seeding Drug Discovery initiative</a> is November 8 2013.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Funding to facilitate early-stage small-molecule drug discovery. The awards help applicants with a potential drug target or new chemistry embark on a programme of compound discovery and/or take later stage projects towards clinical trials. The aim of Seeding Drug Discovery is to develop drug-like, small molecules that will be the springboard for further research and development by the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry in areas of unmet medical need.A two-point entry system has been introduced to enable projects at an earlier stage in development to be competitive for funding as well as to progress later-stage projects further towards clinical trials.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Plasma Protein Binding</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>plasma protein binding</category><dc:date>2013-10-01T12:36:10+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e0ed9dbc1fe0339eddbca90519d1df1c-137.html#unique-entry-id-137</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e0ed9dbc1fe0339eddbca90519d1df1c-137.html#unique-entry-id-137</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the section on <a href="../resources/ADME/distribution.html" target="self" title="Distribution">distribution and plasma protein binding</a> in the Drug Discovery Resources.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Nitro bioisosteres.</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2013-09-12T07:44:04+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e257c4796cad57a277e5b735ea47bf96-136.html#unique-entry-id-136</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e257c4796cad57a277e5b735ea47bf96-136.html#unique-entry-id-136</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>At the 17th RSC-SCI Medicinal Chemistry Conference in Cambridge Alexander Pasternak (Merck) gave an excellent talk on their work to identify a potent and selective ROM-K inhibitor as novel diuretics.  The ROM-K potassium channel is a member of the inward rectifier family of potassium channels expressed in two regions of the kidney: thick ascending loop of Henle and cortical collecting duct <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1152%2Fajprenal.00181.2009">DOI</a>, ROMK participates in potassium recycling across the luminal membrane which is critical for the function of the Na+/K+/2C1" co-transporter, the rate- determining step for salt reuptake in this part of the nephron. At the cortical collecting duct , ROMK provides a pathway for potassium secretion that is tightly coupled to sodium uptake through the amiloride sensitive sodium channel. This makes ROM-K an attractive potassium sparing diuretic target.</p>

<p>To cut a long story short Merck ran a HTS campaign (actually I think they ran two) and the only hit is shown below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="ROMKdinitro" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/romkdinitro.png" width="461" height="120" /></p>

<p>As I am sure all medicinal chemists are aware nitro groups, in particular aromatic nitro groups are well known to be reduced in vivo yielding hydroxylamines and nitrosoamines that are highly reactive species and are known carcinogens. So whilst one nitro in the hit is bad imagine how it feels to have two!</p>

<p>The Merck group however followed this lead up and managed to identify several bioisosteric replacements for the nitro group, </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="ROMKbioisosteres" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/romkbioisosteres.png" width="436" height="225" /></p>

<p>Interestingly there have been two other reported hits for the same target, and these also include nitrobenzenes.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="ROMKothernitro" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/romkothernitro.png" width="396" height="349" /></p>

<p>These structures underline the importance of the arylnitro group but also raise a couple of interesting questions,  whether nitro compounds should be removed from screening collections? In addition, given the structure of ion channels is often a parallel array of identical proteins forming a pore through the membrane perhaps we should try to populate screening collections with palindromic structures that might bind linking two chains?</p>

<p>I&rsquo;ll add these to the <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" target="self" title="Bioisosteres">bioisosteres section</a> at the weekend.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Shape distribution for fragment collections</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2013-09-02T17:22:50+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e04b2c2d7a18eba2d2e93ab606e0f7a5-135.html#unique-entry-id-135</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e04b2c2d7a18eba2d2e93ab606e0f7a5-135.html#unique-entry-id-135</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve now updated the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/FragmentLibraryProfiles.html" target="self" title="Fragment Library Profiles">physicochemical property profiles</a> of all the fragment collections I have access to, including the <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/954b72a9ea160b835a5896e884d1170e-134.html" target="self">categorisation into rod-, disc- or sphere-like shapes</a> I described last week.</p>

<p>I thought it might be interesting to generate a plot of all 170,000 fragments to look at the distribution. I actually viewed the results in <a href="http://www.dotmatics.com/products/vortex/">Vortex</a> as shown below. This tool makes it easy to colour by &ldquo;shape&rdquo; and also allows me to highlight a few structures that appear at the extremism of the plot.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="plotall" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/plotall.png" width="758" height="774" /></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>3D Shape distributions of Compound Collections</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2013-08-29T08:03:41+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/954b72a9ea160b835a5896e884d1170e-134.html#unique-entry-id-134</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/954b72a9ea160b835a5896e884d1170e-134.html#unique-entry-id-134</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I recently updated the fragment collections page this included updating the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/FragmentLibraryProfiles.html" target="self" title="Fragment Library Profiles">physicochemical property profiles</a> adding npmi (Normalized ratio of principle moments of inertia) as described by Sauer&nbsp;WH,&nbsp;Schwarz&nbsp;MK&nbsp;(2003)&nbsp;Molecular shape diversity of combinatorial libraries: A prerequisite for broad bioactivity.&nbsp;J Chem Inf Comput Sci&nbsp;43:987&ndash;10030. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci025599w">DOI</a> As the image below shows this gives a view of the shape of the molecules as to whether they are rod, disk or sphere like.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="vortex" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/vortex.png" width="480" height="360" /></p>

<p>Whilst this works very well for individual compounds or small libraries the plot becomes a blur of overlapping points for larger collections and it is not really possible to compare collections. Whilst it may be possible to generate a single number as the &ldquo;average&rdquo; of each collection I&rsquo;m not sure how useful it would be. So with help from <a href="http://matt-swain.com/about">Matt</a> I decided to divide the plot into three sections as shown below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="3Dfrag4" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3dfrag4.png" width="822" height="256" /></p>

<p>The centre point (c1, c2) was calculated using ( 0.5, (2<em>sqrt(0.5)&nbsp;+ 0.5)/(2</em>sqrt(0.5)&nbsp;+ 1)&nbsp;) which is about (0.5, 0.793).</p>

<p>Each of the points in the plot was then assigned to a category using:</p>

<p>If a point is below both lines then:
(0.5&nbsp;-&nbsp;0.25) * (npmi2 -&nbsp;0.75) - (0.793&nbsp;-&nbsp;0.75) * (npmi1 -&nbsp;0.25) &lt; 0
and
(0.5&nbsp;-&nbsp;0.75) * (npmi2 -&nbsp;0.75) - (0.793&nbsp;-&nbsp;0.75) * (npmi1 -&nbsp;0.75) > 0
then it is disc-like.</p>

<p>If not, then it is rod-like if npmi1 &lt; 0.5 and sphere-like if npmi1 > 0.5.</p>

<p>The result for a 35,000 compound collection are shown below, with the points colour-coded by the assigned category.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="shapeplot1" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/shapeplot1.png" width="429" height="419" /></p>

<p>We can then create a categorical plot as shown below.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="shapeplot2" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/shapeplot2.png" width="480" height="452" /></p>

<p>I plan to update all the physicochemical profiles of all the fragment collections next week.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>3D Fragment Consortium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2013-08-27T09:06:12+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/37d517df9fadbda42ace86b58341354a-133.html#unique-entry-id-133</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/37d517df9fadbda42ace86b58341354a-133.html#unique-entry-id-133</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I just added the dataset from the <a href="http://www.3dfrag.org">3D Fragment Library Consortium</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The 3D Fragment Consortium brings together UK-based not-for-profit drug discovery institutes and academic groups, working in partnership to build a collection of chemically diverse molecules with a particular focus on fragments that incorporate 3D structure. The consortium is looking to collaborate with other research groups to expand the collection and make it available for screening against new biological targets to help kick-start hit discovery programmes and provide a foundation for a vibrant pre-competitive drug discovery network across the UK. The 3D Fragment Consortium has identified a foundation library of 170 fragments to commence their screening activities.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I&rsquo;ve added this fragment library profile to the 22 other collections previously calculated:</p>

<p><a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collection_profiles.html" target="self" title="Fragment Collection Profiles">Comparison of all collections</a>, and <a href="../resources/hit_identification/FragmentLibraryProfiles.html" target="self" title="Fragment Library Profiles">calculated physiochemical profiles</a>.</p>

<p>It is obviously early days yet but it will be interesting to see how this develops.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Protein-Protein Interactions</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>protein-protein interactions</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2013-08-20T14:24:17+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f4616e39208c8782357bc9668f440706-132.html#unique-entry-id-132</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f4616e39208c8782357bc9668f440706-132.html#unique-entry-id-132</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just added a <a href="../resources/hit_identification/focus/PPI.html" target="self" title="Protein Protein Interactions">section on Protein-Protein interactions</a>.</p>

<p>These seem to be an increasingly popular target class and I&rsquo; hope to expand on it as we find out more.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>How are fragments optimised?</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2013-08-06T16:37:05+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/786883202f431114c8069fe2dd187453-131.html#unique-entry-id-131</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/786883202f431114c8069fe2dd187453-131.html#unique-entry-id-131</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A recent paper J. Med. Chem. 2013, 56, 2478&minus;2486 <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm301851v">DOI</a> looked at the different ways that the initial fragments were subsequently optimised, looking at a variety of physicochemical properties and ligand efficiency indices.</p>

<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html" target="self" title="Known Fragment Hits">known fragments page</a> to include some of their conclusions.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Open Source Drug Discovery</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2013-07-15T11:16:24+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9cc45f9deaee8d984aa823c2b5f9d2df-130.html#unique-entry-id-130</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9cc45f9deaee8d984aa823c2b5f9d2df-130.html#unique-entry-id-130</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If you have ever wondered how Open Source Drug Discovery might work there is a very nice example on the <a href="http://intermolecular.wordpress.com/2013/07/15/an-example-of-open-source-drug-discovery/">Intermolecular blog here</a>. </p>

<p>Well worth a read.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>And now for something completely different</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2013-06-17T08:09:33+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/76705aa727b03db39da844db7e4454a1-129.html#unique-entry-id-129</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/76705aa727b03db39da844db7e4454a1-129.html#unique-entry-id-129</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In the last few updates I&rsquo;ve concentrated on Fragment-Based-Screening, where by screening a small set of low molecular weight fragments it is possible to obtain hits that can then be expanded. The latest update highlights the use of <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/resources/hit_identification/ELT.html" target="self">encoded libraries</a>, here vast libraries (>>1M compounds) can be screened the hits isolated and identified by virtue of a DNA tag.</p>

<p>From the early &ldquo;proof-of-principle&rdquo; peptide libraries this area has now extended into a variety of interesting chemistries.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Biological and MedChem Meeting</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><category>Conferences</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2013-06-12T09:57:30+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0ba27c49735ba81f6494bcdc8e572a4d-128.html#unique-entry-id-128</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0ba27c49735ba81f6494bcdc8e572a4d-128.html#unique-entry-id-128</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I just got details of an interesting meeting in Cambridge, UK later this year.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="BMCS PG Symposium 2013 Flyer" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bmcs-pg-symposium-2013-flyer.png" width="480" height="679" /></p>

<p>The <a href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1XZGNq-TyXaIWtQibqulJ39pp9HbDPMMJ1QabMsev2ss/viewform" target="self" rel="external">registration form is here</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Known Fragment Hits</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2013-06-12T09:37:46+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0cd7e7a9ea7133e500c1398c9bc38c2e-127.html#unique-entry-id-127</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0cd7e7a9ea7133e500c1398c9bc38c2e-127.html#unique-entry-id-127</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the section describing fragment <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html" target="self" title="Known Fragment Hits">hits reported in the literature</a>.The dataset now has >500 entries culled from 150 publications directed at nearly 100 different molecular targets using 18 different detection technologies and might be expected to give some insight into the type of compounds that appear as hits.</p>

<p>I&rsquo;ve calculated a number of physicochemical descriptors and identified fragments that have appeared as hits against multiple targets.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment Pages updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2013-06-10T08:17:52+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/db445192c6a143e36eef8ba1b6132925-126.html#unique-entry-id-126</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/db445192c6a143e36eef8ba1b6132925-126.html#unique-entry-id-126</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the section on <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collections.html" target="self" title="Fragment Collections">fragment libraries</a>, I&rsquo;ve added a couple of new vendors and updated the existing vendors, there are now over 160,000 fragments available from commercial suppliers. I&rsquo;ve recalculated the identity and similarity matrix. I&rsquo;ve also updated the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/FragmentLibraryProfiles.html" target="self" title="Fragment Library Profiles">physicochemical property profiles</a> and added npmi (Normalized ratio of principle moments of inertia) as described by Sauer&nbsp;WH,&nbsp;Schwarz&nbsp;MK&nbsp;(2003)&nbsp;Molecular shape diversity of combinatorial libraries: A prerequisite for broad bioactivity.&nbsp;J Chem Inf Comput Sci&nbsp;43:987&ndash;10030. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci025599w">DOI</a> As the image below shows this gives a view of the shape of the molecules as to whether they are rod, disk or sphere like, it is included with all the other calculated properties.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="vortex" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/vortex.png" width="480" height="360" /></p>

<p>I notice that a couple of the vendor with very large fragment collections now sell relatively small subsets, underlining the fact that a library of 2000 fragments is usually sufficient as a screening set. Access to the larger fragment space is only really needed when you come to explore the hits.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Separation of PK and PD</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Development</category><category>lead optimisation</category><dc:date>2013-04-12T17:45:46+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6c9c84f8a621bee1788b163e94c16be9-124.html#unique-entry-id-124</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6c9c84f8a621bee1788b163e94c16be9-124.html#unique-entry-id-124</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just added a section on <a href="../resources/seppkandpd.html" target="self" title="Separation of PK and PD">compounds with extended off rates from the protein target.</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>For indications for which require an extended pharmacological profile a compound with a long binding half-life can have a duration of action which extends beyond the presence of drug levels in plasma needed for biological activity. In particular it may be possible to extend duration of action at the intended target whilst limiting activity at off-target proteins. Whilst this could be achieved by irreversible covalent binding there is now a growing body of evidence that many small molecules can display slow off rate kinetics</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Learning from our mistakes: The ‘unknown knowns’ in fragment screening</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2013-04-04T13:34:47+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d333d7db0e99a448d5351dbdffabe065-123.html#unique-entry-id-123</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d333d7db0e99a448d5351dbdffabe065-123.html#unique-entry-id-123</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Whilst fragment-based screening has been around for a while there are still groups that are new to the area. This invaluable paper provides an insight into the pit-falls that await the unwary scientist. Absolutely essential reading</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>In the past 15 years, fragment-based lead discovery (FBLD) has been adopted widely throughout academia and industry. The approach entails discovering very small molecular fragments and growing, merging, or linking them to produce drug leads. Because the affinities of the initial fragments are often low, detection methods are pushed to their limits, leading to a variety of artifacts, false positives, and false negatives that too often go unrecognized. This Digest discusses some of these problems and offers suggestions to avoid them. Although the primary focus is on FBLD, many of the lessons also apply to more established approaches such as high-throughput screening.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Learning from our mistakes: The &lsquo;unknown knowns&rsquo; in fragment screening <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.03.028">DOI</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Published Fragment hits</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2013-04-02T09:10:14+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1602ee6bcbc11dbd37b45cea942bc8dd-122.html#unique-entry-id-122</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1602ee6bcbc11dbd37b45cea942bc8dd-122.html#unique-entry-id-122</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Whilst there are a variety of techniques to measure the properties or diversity of fragment libraries it is interesting to look at the profiles of compounds that actually appear as hits in fragment-based screening campaigns. I&rsquo;ve been compiling a database of compounds that have been reported as hits in the literature, this database now has >500 entries culled from 150 publications directed at nearly 100 different molecular targets using 18 different detection technologies and might be expected to give some insight into the type of compounds that appear as hits. </p>

<p><a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html" target="self" title="Known Fragment Hits">You can read more here</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Suggested Books</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>ADME</category><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2013-03-31T09:19:28+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/216f2743f7d7768edca7a75bab600588-121.html#unique-entry-id-121</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/216f2743f7d7768edca7a75bab600588-121.html#unique-entry-id-121</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the <a href="../resources/books.html" target="self" title="Books" rel="external">list of suggested books</a>.</p>

<p>Included books on bioisosteres and fragment-based screening.</p>

<!-- Place this tag where you want the +1 button to render. -->

<div class="g-plusone" data-annotation="inline" data-width="300"></div>

<!-- Place this tag after the last +1 button tag. -->

<script type="text/javascript">
  (function() {
    var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true;
    po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js';
    var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s);
  })();
</script>

<p><br></p>

<p><?php as_728x90(); ?></p>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>17th RSC/SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium </title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><category>Conferences</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2013-03-28T16:46:07+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/18d6fc0cff6549dad6cd3d3872f9f8ce-120.html#unique-entry-id-120</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/18d6fc0cff6549dad6cd3d3872f9f8ce-120.html#unique-entry-id-120</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The registrations are coming in  for the forthcoming 17th RSC/SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium to be held in Cambridge UK (8-11 Sept 2013). Book early to avoid disappointment. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="image" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/image.png" width="480" height="660" /></p>

<p>Full details of the scientific programme are available <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/News/files/Final%20announcement.pdf" target="self">here together with the registration form</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment Collections</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2013-02-27T10:40:07+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ee787cf295bba7ff94f28b56ba1001c1-118.html#unique-entry-id-118</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ee787cf295bba7ff94f28b56ba1001c1-118.html#unique-entry-id-118</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the page containing the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collection_profiles.html" target="self" title="Fragment Collection Profiles">profiles of commercial fragment collections.</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment library design: the evolution of fragment-based lead discovery</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>publications</category><dc:date>2013-02-18T18:37:35+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c4c73388ea834c15e3c53af2cee2c8e8-117.html#unique-entry-id-117</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c4c73388ea834c15e3c53af2cee2c8e8-117.html#unique-entry-id-117</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Latest Publication</p>

<p>Fragment library design: the evolution of fragment-based lead discovery
By Dr E. Zartler, Dr C. Swain &amp; S. Pearce<br>
<a href="http://www.ddw-online.com/winter-2012-teasers/p206491-fragment-library-design:the-evolution-of-fragmentbased-lead-discovery.html">Drug Discovery World Winter 2012/13</a></p>

<p>With the growing need to streamline the drug discovery process, screening against fragment libraries rather than drug-like molecules has become increasingly adopted as an integral part of many drug discovery programmes. However, success depends on the quality of the fragment library, and many factors dictate quality.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>European Lead Factory</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Development</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2013-02-11T19:04:40+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e655b81bd466577c298bab872ee3ff3f-116.html#unique-entry-id-116</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e655b81bd466577c298bab872ee3ff3f-116.html#unique-entry-id-116</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;m delighted to see the announcement about the European Lead Factory, hopefully this will be a huge asset for Drug Discovery. <a href="http://www.nature.com/news/europe-bets-on-drug-discovery-1.12372">http://www.nature.com/news/europe-bets-on-drug-discovery-1.12372</a></p>

<p>Two sites shuttered by the pharmaceutical giant Merck, one in Scotland and one in the Netherlands, will soon be humming again with the work of drug discovery. But the hum will not be business as usual. It will be the sound of a public&ndash;private consortium placing a high-stakes wager: a nearly &euro;200-million (US$271-million) bet that it can boost a languishing pharmaceutical sector by fusing academic innovation with industrial-scale screening, using robots to test chemicals for biological activity&hellip;.Any academic group or company can also propose assays to test molecules in the library for biological activity. Lead-factory scientists will run these assays free of charge and confirm any promising results, working mainly in laboratory space closed by Merck in 2011 at Oss in the Netherlands. Follow-up work will be done at the University of Dundee in Scotland. Results will be provided confidentially to the groups that proposed the assays so that they can pursue further work and publications.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>17th RSC/SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2013-02-08T11:31:18+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/13b456f9def7c71fec710edb6fa22414-115.html#unique-entry-id-115</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/13b456f9def7c71fec710edb6fa22414-115.html#unique-entry-id-115</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The latest details of the forthcoming 17th RSC/SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium to be held in Cambridge UK (8-11 Sept 2013) are now available. </p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="image" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/image.png" width="480" height="660" /></p>

<p>Full details of the scientific programme are available <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/News/files/Final%20announcement.pdf" target="self">here together with the registration form</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>STEM Team East</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Science</category><dc:date>2013-01-31T08:07:22+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dbb925e995984ad106fd977102646d6f-114.html#unique-entry-id-114</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dbb925e995984ad106fd977102646d6f-114.html#unique-entry-id-114</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) Team East is an education&nbsp;charity of 27 years standing.&nbsp; Their aim is to promote STEM education to students.</p>

<p>They provide bespoke consultation on STEM enrichment to each secondary school; teacher CPD in digital electronics and CAD; teacher and pupil STEM workshops and large scale STEM Fairs (both local and regional) with hands&ndash;on practical learning activities, career events and talks. They also manage national programmes such as the Nuffield Research Bursary Scheme and the British Science Association CREST Awards.&nbsp;</p>

<p>My children have all benefited enormously from a chance to work in science laboratories during the summer vacation, however there is the need to provide more placements, if you, your company or institution might be interested in helping please contact:-</p>

<p>STEM Team East
12 Ronald Rolph Court
Wadloes Road
Cambridge&nbsp;CB5 8PX
<span style="color:#386EFF;"><u><a href="http://www.stemteameast.org.uk/">http://www.stemteameast.org.uk</a></u></span></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>SMARTCyp 2.4 released</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><category>Cheminformatics</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2013-01-23T08:42:54+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f609f3d4b62e439ee03e8a4c3a204f08-113.html#unique-entry-id-113</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f609f3d4b62e439ee03e8a4c3a204f08-113.html#unique-entry-id-113</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The new <a href="http://www.farma.ku.dk/smartcyp/">SMARTCyp</a> version 2.4 includes solvent accessible surface area (SASA) in the scoring function.
SASA is computed using the 2DSASA algorithm from 2D coordinates.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="smartcyp" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/smartcyp.png" width="480" height="213" /></p>

<p>&nbsp;
A paper describing the new models and their predictive accuracy on nine CYP isoforms is available in Molecular Pharmaceutics <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/mp3005116">DOI</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Molecular Interactions</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Molecular interactions</category><dc:date>2013-01-21T14:36:50+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c2719cfb241c92c0a66818c71e9db7ce-112.html#unique-entry-id-112</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/c2719cfb241c92c0a66818c71e9db7ce-112.html#unique-entry-id-112</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the <a href="../resources/molecular_interactions.html" target="self" title="Molecular Interactions">molecular interactions page</a> in the drug discovery resources, expanding the section on bonding to halogen.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Building a Screening Collection</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2013-01-14T13:02:32+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/84dec876acad504cab9c191098d44ed0-111.html#unique-entry-id-111</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/84dec876acad504cab9c191098d44ed0-111.html#unique-entry-id-111</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the page on <a href="../resources/hit_identification/sample_collection.html" target="self" title="Sample Collection">building a screening collection</a> and added links to recent useful publications.</p>

<p>Broad Coverage of Commercially Available Lead-like Screening Space with Fewer than 350,000 Compounds, Jonathan Baell <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci300461a">DOI</a><br>
Metal Impurities Cause False Positives in High-Throughput Screening Campaigns, Johannes C. Hermann<em> et al</em> <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ml3003296">DOI</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragments in the Clinic Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2013-01-11T09:05:32+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5898a151f82f14a6aa070f92331d7452-110.html#unique-entry-id-110</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/5898a151f82f14a6aa070f92331d7452-110.html#unique-entry-id-110</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Practical Fragments has updated the its <a href="http://practicalfragments.blogspot.co.uk/2013/01/fragments-in-clinic-2013-edition.html">list of fragment-derived compounds in the clinic</a>. There is now one approved, the B-Raf(V600E) inhibitor <a href="http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.24747352.html">Vemurafenib</a>, eleven apparently in Phase 2 or 3 and fourteen reportedly in Phase 1.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Resources Update</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>ADME</category><dc:date>2013-01-02T12:45:14+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/aa05da7ce78067e2115bb8aa29400705-109.html#unique-entry-id-109</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/aa05da7ce78067e2115bb8aa29400705-109.html#unique-entry-id-109</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the <a href="../resources/" target="self" title="Drug Discovery Resources">Drug Discovery Resources Pages </a>over the Christmas Break. In particular I&rsquo;ve updated the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html" target="self" title="Fragment Based Screening">Fragment Based Screening</a> section and added a page on <a href="../resources/hit_identification/buildingFragCollection.html" target="self" title="Building a Fragment Collection">building a fragment collection</a>. I&rsquo;ve also updated the section on <a href="../resources/ADME/CYP_interactions.html" target="self" title="CYP_interactions">CYP interactions</a>, expanding the Induction section.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Royal Institution Christmas Lectures 2012</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Chemistry</category><dc:date>2012-12-28T09:37:35+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/08159a7a042d91c4296f824dc3d20fab-108.html#unique-entry-id-108</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/08159a7a042d91c4296f824dc3d20fab-108.html#unique-entry-id-108</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve been watched the Royal Institution Christmas lectures with my family, and ever they are brilliantly presented exploration of an area of science. This year it is the turn of Peter Wothers &ldquo;The Modern Alchemist&rdquo; to explain about the chemicals in the air we breath and the water we drink. Hopefully inspiring the next generation of scientists and hopefully convincing people that &ldquo;chemicals&rdquo; far from being man-made toxins are in fact essential for all human life.</p>

<p>If you have ever wanted to know what the reaction of caesium with fluorine is like then have a look at lecture two.</p>

<p>The lectures are televised on BBC 4 and are available on <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/b01pp64k/Royal_Institution_Christmas_Lectures_2012_The_Modern_Alchemist_Water_The_Fountain_of_Youth/">iPlayer</a></p>

<p>Further behind the scenes clips and more information is available on the <a href="http://www.richannel.org/christmas-lectures/2012/peter-wothers">Royal Institution website</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The two most reactive elements in the Periodic Table.
In preparation for the 2012 Christmas Lectures Dr Peter Wothers heads off to the University of Leicester to conduct an extraordinary experiment - reacting the most reactive metal in the periodic table (Caesium) with the most reactive non-metal (Fluorine).
Due to the extreme reactivity of the two elements, Fluorine expert Professor Eric Hope is on hand to enable the experiment to be conducted safely in a unique set of apparatus.
We believe this is the first time the reaction has been caught on camera.</p>
</blockquote>

<p><a href="http://www.richannel.org/christmas-lectures/2012/peter-wothers#/the-modern-alchemist-reacting-fluorine-with-caesium">http://www.richannel.org/christmas-lectures/2012/peter-wothers#/the-modern-alchemist-reacting-fluorine-with-caesium</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Seasons Greetings</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><dc:subject>News</dc:subject><dc:date>2012-12-14T13:39:56+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a115d741ab440dacb5292eb0cdac90c7-107.html#unique-entry-id-107</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a115d741ab440dacb5292eb0cdac90c7-107.html#unique-entry-id-107</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="Photo" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/photo-2.jpg" width="480" height="375" /></p>

<p>Wishing Everyone a successful New Year.</p>

<p>As in previous years money saved on cards will be donated to MS research.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>RSC aquires The Merck Index</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2012-12-14T07:14:32+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/78da8b4e21fa67646b917858f5c02052-106.html#unique-entry-id-106</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/78da8b4e21fa67646b917858f5c02052-106.html#unique-entry-id-106</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.rsc.org/AboutUs/News/PressReleases/2012/RSC-acquires-Merck-Index.asp">The Merck Index</a>, is to join the highly acclaimed publishing portfolio of the Royal Society of Chemistry.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>The RSC already plans significant development of&nbsp;The Merck Index online, and will continue to develop and update.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I wonder if this will be integrated into <a href="http://www.chemspider.com">ChemSpider</a>? When you also consider that the RSC is taking over the <a href="https://cds.dl.ac.uk">Chemical Database Service</a> it is clear that the RSC is moving to increase it&rsquo;s support of online chemistry.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Following a tendering exercise earlier this year the EPSRC will be renewing the Chemical Database Facility, with the Royal Society of Chemistry being the preferred bidder. Contract negotiations are being pursued and should be in place by the end of this year. Details of the renewed service will be made known in due course and the RSC will be working with Daresbury to ensure a seamless transfer to the new system.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>SMARTCyp Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>ADME</category><category>Cheminformatics</category><dc:date>2012-12-04T10:44:31+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bdfa408081af24023c8a0b0535f4c3f1-105.html#unique-entry-id-105</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bdfa408081af24023c8a0b0535f4c3f1-105.html#unique-entry-id-105</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>SMARTCyp 2.3 has been released with some additional improvements including:
Improved energies for N-oxidations
Empirical correction for unlikely N-oxidations of tertiary alkylamines
A filtering functionality for excluding compounds with very low activation barriers to CYP-mediated oxidations
A smiles string can now be input directly on the command line using the -smiles flag.
&nbsp;
Available as usual at <a href="http://www.farma.ku.dk/smartcyp">http://www.farma.ku.dk/smartcyp</a>
&nbsp;
The science behind the improved N-oxidations and the empirical correction has also been published in a paper in Angewandte Chemie:
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.2012062070">DOI</a>
&nbsp;</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Modelling the Drug Discovery Pipeline</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2012-12-03T12:52:26+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/32e7396da400fcbcd7bb6c03bf55e1d9-104.html#unique-entry-id-104</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/32e7396da400fcbcd7bb6c03bf55e1d9-104.html#unique-entry-id-104</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>An interesting publication in the latest issue of Journal of Cheminformatics in which Melvin Yu uses Monte Carlo simulations to look at the Drug Discovery pipeline <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1758-2946-4-32">DOI</a>. With any analysis of this kind it is easy to argue that it is too simplistic however it does raise some useful discussion points. In particular, the idea that simply attempting to improve drug discovery productivity by simply increasing the size of existing working groups may not necessarily be the best solution. </p>

<p>This also sounds familiar</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Simulations also predict that the frequency of compounds to successfully pass the candidate selection milestone as a function of time will be irregular, with projects entering preclinical development in clusters marked by periods of low apparent productivity</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Perhaps a greater number of independent smaller research units is a more attractive model?</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>FiercePharma</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Drug Development</category><dc:date>2012-11-26T15:45:31+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ec716e90f811c54e18d23b4fce9f9d63-103.html#unique-entry-id-103</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ec716e90f811c54e18d23b4fce9f9d63-103.html#unique-entry-id-103</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://links.mkt1985.com/ctt?kn=5&amp;ms=NDU2Mzc1MwS2&amp;r=MjM4MzQyNjk0NTUS1&amp;b=0&amp;j=MTMzNjMyMTA5S0&amp;mt=1&amp;rt=0" target="self" rel="external">FiercePharma</a> are obviously on a recruitment drive, I have to confess I&rsquo;m already a subscriber. Makes an interesting read over the early morning cup of coffee.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Frament Screening Pages</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2012-11-05T08:18:30+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a4d5bc8b7fa5d812b1d5229de9117d3d-102.html#unique-entry-id-102</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a4d5bc8b7fa5d812b1d5229de9117d3d-102.html#unique-entry-id-102</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html" target="self" title="Fragment Based Screening">fragment-based screening pages</a>, added new screening technologies, added a couple of new vendors and updated the fragment collection profiles based on the current fragment collections that vendors have provided.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Zinc databases Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2012-10-23T07:35:27+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/644e4d45e8ec5c59ad6b2e136f7e7728-101.html#unique-entry-id-101</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/644e4d45e8ec5c59ad6b2e136f7e7728-101.html#unique-entry-id-101</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I see the <a href="http://blaster.docking.org/zinc/" target="self" rel="external">Zinc databases</a> have been updated (ZINC, is a free database of commercially-available compounds for virtual screening)</p>

<p>Lead-like, 5.7M, today
Shards, 55K, Oct 15
Frag-like, 636K, Oct 15
Leads-now, 2M, Oct 15
Frags-now, 440K, Oct 12</p>

<p>There are <a href="../resources/databases.html" target="self" title="Chemical Databases">more databases here</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Bioisosteres Pages updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2012-10-22T21:24:55+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/526b3d96042f18b105e6f8e0492a0324-100.html#unique-entry-id-100</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/526b3d96042f18b105e6f8e0492a0324-100.html#unique-entry-id-100</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve added a few more examples to the <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" target="self" title="Bioisosteres">Bioisosteres pages</a>. Many thanks to the readers who sent the suggestions.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>A review of Bioisosteres in Medicinal Chemistry</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2012-10-12T18:36:39+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7137420e48ba1f10d48444aaa1089a26-99.html#unique-entry-id-99</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7137420e48ba1f10d48444aaa1089a26-99.html#unique-entry-id-99</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When I look at the weblogs of the <a href="../resources/" target="self" title="Drug Discovery Resources">Drug Discovery Resources</a> section of my website it is clear that two sections are of particular interest, <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html" target="self" title="Fragment Based Screening">Fragment-Based screening</a> attracts a steady stream of readers and the other area that is very popular is the section on <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" target="self" title="Bioisosteres">Bioisosteres</a>. The former because it is an increasingly popular, effective and low cost entry point into screening for leads, the latter presumably because it provides a great way to generate ideas of what one might do next.</p>

<p>I&rsquo;m not aware of a book dedicated solely to Bioisosteres so I was delighted to hear about a new book in the area Bioisosteres in Medicinal Chemistry edited by Nathan Brown.</p>

<iframe src="http://rcm-uk.amazon.co.uk/e/cm?t=macinche-21&o=2&p=8&l=as1&asins=3527330151&ref=tf_til&fc1=000000&IS2=1&lt1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr" style="width:120px;height:240px;" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0"></iframe>

<p>Having had time to read through the book I thought I&rsquo;d post my thoughts.</p>

<p>A bioisostere is a molecule resulting from the exchange of an atom or of a group of atoms with an alternative, broadly similar, atom or group of atoms. The objective of a bioisosteric replacement is to create a new molecule with similar biological properties to the parent compound, but perhaps with improved physicochemical or ADME properties. Whilst the experienced Medicinal Chemist will have a toolbox of such replacements, this book is an excellent resource that provides a logical framework to this area of drug discovery that will be useful to all.</p>

<p>The book is organised into four section, the first deals with classical replacements, the second the discovery of bioisosteres based on database mining, the third section deals with physicochemical properties and shape, the final section includes the application of bioisosterism in a drug discovery project.</p>

<p>The book starts by giving a short history of bioisosteres and several examples of the attempts to define what is exactly meant by a bioisostere, it then quickly moves onto description of the development of many of the classical bioisosteres, giving plenty of examples and references. The influence of the bioisostere on ADME properties is also introduced again with plenty of key examples. The second section starts by describing the evolution of the Bioster database that has been created by abstracting examples from the Medicinal Chemistry literature. There is also a description of how it might be used as a source of bioisosteric replacements. In contrast mining the Cambridge Structural Database has the potential to identify unexpected replacements based on the arrangement of potential non-bonding interactions. As mentioned agove one of the key drivers for looking at bioisosteres is to improve ADME properties, and mining a large database of metabolic stability data has allowed the identification of transformations that are more likely to improve stability. The third section deals with physicochemical properties, molecular topology and shape, describing in some detail the <em>in silico</em> techniques that can be used to scaffold hop to identify novel frameworks. The final section describes the Drug Guru project, and the use of the molecular field based screening in a NPY-Y5 project.</p>

<p>In summary the book is an excellent starting point for new medicinal chemists and a useful resource for more experienced scientists to dip into to generate ideas. in summary every chemist involved in drug discovery would benefit from access to this book.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Viewing docking results in Vortex</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Cheminformatics</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2012-10-10T06:52:09+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ff8cbb199ec410ba4b77300f5ff7fb10-98.html#unique-entry-id-98</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ff8cbb199ec410ba4b77300f5ff7fb10-98.html#unique-entry-id-98</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This may be of interest.</p>

<p>I recently wrote a review of <a href="http://macinchem.org/reviews/forgev10/forgev10_review.php" target="self" title="Review of ForgeV10">ForgeV10</a> from Cresset in which I actually imported the results into Vortex to do the analysis. There were however two issues with doing this, firstly interpretation of the 3D structures is sometimes difficult, this can be resolved by creating a <a href="http://macinchem.org/reviews/scripting_vortex9.php" target="self" title="Scripting Vortex 9">2D rendering of the structure</a>. The other issue is trying to interpret the docking pose whilst looking at the analysis of the results in say a Vortex scatter plot.</p>

<p>I&rsquo;ve been working with Mike Hartshorn and the people at Dotmatics who have incorporated <a href="http://openastexviewer.net/web/">OpenAstexViewer</a> (a 3D molecule viewer) into the application you can <a href="http://macinchem.org/reviews/vortex2/vortex_docking.php" target="self" title="Viewing docking in Vortex">read the full article here</a>..</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>A virus that kills cancer</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Development</category><dc:date>2012-09-05T08:42:33+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/193b2eaf680798bba09adea4b22b6ae0-97.html#unique-entry-id-97</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/193b2eaf680798bba09adea4b22b6ae0-97.html#unique-entry-id-97</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Ad5[CgA-E1A-miR122]PTD is a virus created by Professor Magnus Essand that has been shown in animal models to infect and kill cancer cells.
The work has been published and is thus not patentable, however they hope to develop the virus with the support of charitable funding and crowdsourcing.</p>

<p>If you would like to find out more or donate visit <a href="http://www.fundingjar.com/projects/130/project-info/">http://www.fundingjar.com/projects/130/project-info/</a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Bioisosteres in Medicinal Chemistry</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2012-08-30T08:12:53+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/752ec83a730a5b146c085bc2fd85f081-96.html#unique-entry-id-96</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/752ec83a730a5b146c085bc2fd85f081-96.html#unique-entry-id-96</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I mentioned this book in the past and I have just been told it is now available on Amazon.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Written with the practicing medicinal chemist in mind, this is the first modern handbook to systematically address the topic of bioisosterism. As such, it provides a ready reference on the principles and methods of bioisosteric replacement as a key tool in preclinical drug development. The first part provides an overview of bioisosterism, classical bioisosteres and typical molecular interactions that need to be considered, while the second part describes a number of molecular databases as sources of bioisosteric identification and rationalization. The third part covers the four key methodologies for bioisostere identification and replacement: physicochemical properties, topology, shape, and overlays of protein&ndash;ligand crystal structures. In the final part, several real&ndash;world examples of bioisosterism in drug discovery projects are discussed. With its detailed descriptions of databases, methods and real&ndash;life case studies, this is tailor&ndash;made for busy industrial researchers with little time for reading, while remaining easily accessible to novice drug developers due to its systematic structure and introductory section.</p>
</blockquote>

<iframe src="http://rcm-uk.amazon.co.uk/e/cm?t=macinche-21&o=2&p=8&l=as1&asins=3527330151&ref=tf_til&fc1=000000&IS2=1&lt1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr" style="width:120px;height:240px;" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0"></iframe>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Pages</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2012-08-24T12:24:18+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b6242b3bc99ba59d0de7026e9e94785f-95.html#unique-entry-id-95</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b6242b3bc99ba59d0de7026e9e94785f-95.html#unique-entry-id-95</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the page of<a href="../resources/databases.html" target="self" title="Chemical Databases"> online databases</a> to include databases that contain biological information that might be useful.</p>

<p>I&rsquo;ve also added a link to a series of presentations and posters available from Sirius on the <a href="../resources/physiochem/" target="self" title="PhysicoChem">physicochemical properties page</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment methods in drug discovery: the potential grows

</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2012-08-14T12:34:29+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2a176f11a1c31251d678cfa297238fbb-94.html#unique-entry-id-94</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2a176f11a1c31251d678cfa297238fbb-94.html#unique-entry-id-94</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>An interesting set of articles focussed on Fragment methods published in <a href="http://www.drugdiscoverytoday.com/view/27121/fragment-methods-in-drug-discovery-the-potential-grows/">Drug Discovery Today</a>.</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Fragment methods have now become well established within the repertoire of drug discovery technologies used within the pharma and biotech industries. Success has been repeatedly demonstrated in the application of fragment methods as the basis for the discovery of drug candidates with attractive physicochemical properties for soluble protein targets&hellip;.In this issue of Drug Discovery Today, Editor&rsquo;s Choice highlights four recent papers that consider how to make the best use of fragments both in terms of their optimisation and their application more broadly in drug discovery. The papers featured are all available as free downloads, so please have a look at them; I&rsquo;m sure that you will find them interesting and thought provoking.</p>
</blockquote>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment Collections</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2012-07-31T20:33:25+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cddee94dfd370637053d206ceb59e7e0-93.html#unique-entry-id-93</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cddee94dfd370637053d206ceb59e7e0-93.html#unique-entry-id-93</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the page describing the different <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collections.html" target="self" title="Fragment Collection">fragment collections</a>.</p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>17th RSC/SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2012-07-18T17:09:15+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4176d34219a642e39561dd28ef3735c4-92.html#unique-entry-id-92</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/4176d34219a642e39561dd28ef3735c4-92.html#unique-entry-id-92</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The first circular for the 17th RSC/SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium is <a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/CambridgeMedChem.pdf" target="self" rel="external">available for download</a>. The meeting will be held at Churchill College Cambridge UK, 8-11 September 2013. Always a hugely popular meeting so worth registering your interest early.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/CambridgeMedChem.pdf" target="self" rel="external"><img class="imageStyle" alt="First announcement - 17th Cambridge MedChem" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/first-announcement---17th-cambridge-medchem.png" width="480" height="681" /></a></p>

<script type="text/javascript"><!--
google_ad_client = "pub-4009912495867492";
google_ad_width = 728;
google_ad_height = 90;
google_ad_format = "728x90_as";
google_ad_type = "text";
google_ad_channel = "";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
  src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Drug Discovery Stage Definitions</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2012-07-16T16:59:35+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1936a65c002700057a99053b2783b1e7-91.html#unique-entry-id-91</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1936a65c002700057a99053b2783b1e7-91.html#unique-entry-id-91</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[I&rsquo;ve just added a page on <a href="../resources/stages.html" target="self" title="Stage_definitions">Drug Discovery Stage Definitions</a><br /><br />Whilst the Drug Discovery process is continuous and can vary depending on target it is often useful to split the process into stages with key milestones and targets clearly defined and met before a project moves from one stage to the next.]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ODDT Publication</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Rare diseases</category><dc:date>2012-06-28T06:23:54+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/00ed979a1f72420fd4cc9c320db70109-90.html#unique-entry-id-90</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/00ed979a1f72420fd4cc9c320db70109-90.html#unique-entry-id-90</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[There is a <a href="http://www.genengnews.com/insight-and-intelligenceand153/app-connects-rare-disease-researchers-to-data/77899637/" target="self" rel="external">paper describing ODDT</a> Open Drug Discovery Teams app.<br /><br />Investigators of rare and neglected diseases can access some of the latest research in the field, plus data about the disorders themselves, through a recently launched <a href="http://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/oddt/id517000016?mt=8" target="self" rel="external">free app</a> for Apple devices.<br /><br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Bioisosteres Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2012-06-18T11:09:16+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6bb3cfe02aa9b56150307d21177d81d0-89.html#unique-entry-id-89</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6bb3cfe02aa9b56150307d21177d81d0-89.html#unique-entry-id-89</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[I&rsquo;ve updated several of the pages on <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" target="self" title="Bioisosteres">bioisosteres</a> and added a page on <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/phosphate_bioisosteres.html" target="self" title="Phosphate Bioisosteres">phosphate bioisosteres</a>.]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment Screening Publication</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2012-06-15T11:42:14+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/30d2da1954ea0ed048f4d88a8cb829ec-88.html#unique-entry-id-88</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/30d2da1954ea0ed048f4d88a8cb829ec-88.html#unique-entry-id-88</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[The fragment screening library I helped to design for Selcia has now been used to identify novel HSp90 ligands.<br /><br /><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057112445785" target="self" rel="external">http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057112445785</a>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment Profiles Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2012-06-13T10:09:38+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dbd2130490fff79c2546890e6e2e0b99-87.html#unique-entry-id-87</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dbd2130490fff79c2546890e6e2e0b99-87.html#unique-entry-id-87</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[I&rsquo;ve just updated the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collection_profiles.html" target="self" title="Fragment Collection Profiles">fragment-based screening pages</a>, I&rsquo;ve updated a few of the fragment collections and added Vitas.]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Bioisosteres in Medicinal Chemistry by Nathan Brown</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><category>Medicinal Chemistry</category><dc:date>2012-06-03T08:25:45+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cf24d01aba1bf11a3ba6e6fa7f083806-86.html#unique-entry-id-86</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/cf24d01aba1bf11a3ba6e6fa7f083806-86.html#unique-entry-id-86</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<span style="font:12px Trebuchet, Tahoma, sans-serif; ">I&rsquo;ve just been sent a link to an interesting new book<br /><br /><iframe src="http://rcm-uk.amazon.co.uk/e/cm?t=macinche-21&o=2&p=8&l=as1&asins=3527330151&ref=tf_til&fc1=000000&IS2=1&lt1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr" style="width:120px;height:240px;" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0"></iframe><br /></span>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Big Pharma in Crisis</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>publications</category><dc:date>2012-05-28T19:21:24+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b16c243008fb9908d83371461c165c85-85.html#unique-entry-id-85</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b16c243008fb9908d83371461c165c85-85.html#unique-entry-id-85</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<span style="font:12px Trebuchet, Tahoma, sans-serif; ">I wrote an article for European Pharmaceutical Contractor on the possible evolution of the Large Pharma companies, it is now available online<br /><br /></span><span style="font:12px Trebuchet, Tahoma, sans-serif; "><a href="http://www.samedanltd.com/magazine/11/issue/175/article/3271" target="self" rel="external">http://www.samedanltd.com/magazine/11/issue/175/article/3271</a></span>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>CYP450 Induction</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><dc:date>2012-05-09T18:28:41+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d77c00c174caff253489b91529654b1c-84.html#unique-entry-id-84</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d77c00c174caff253489b91529654b1c-84.html#unique-entry-id-84</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<span style="font:12px Trebuchet, Tahoma, sans-serif; ">I&rsquo;ve just finished updating the CYP450 interactions of the Drug Discovery Resources, in particular I expanded the section on </span><span style="font:12px Trebuchet, Tahoma, sans-serif; "><a href="../resources/ADME/CYP_interactions.html" target="self" title="CYP_interactions">CYP450 enzyme induction</a></span><span style="font:12px Trebuchet, Tahoma, sans-serif; ">.</span>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Magic methyl</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2012-04-26T07:20:44+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f02c17815ae78c84921afeaf9d58c6dd-83.html#unique-entry-id-83</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/f02c17815ae78c84921afeaf9d58c6dd-83.html#unique-entry-id-83</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[I&rsquo;m sure many of us have come across instances where introduction of a single methyl group results in an unexpected increase in affinity. If you have you might like this paper in J Med Chem.<br /><br /><strong>Methyl Effects on Protein&ndash;Ligand Binding<br /></strong><br />Cheryl S. Leung, Siegfried S. F. Leung, Julian Tirado-Rives, and William L. Jorgensen<br />A literature analysis of >2000 cases reveals that an activity boost of a factor of 10 or more is found with an 8% frequency, and a 100-fold boost is a 1 in 200 event&hellip;.The greatest improvements in activity arise from coupling the conformational gain with the burial of the methyl group in a hydrophobic region of the protein.<br /><br /><span style="font:12px Trebuchet, Tahoma, sans-serif; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; ">DOI: </span><span style="font:12px Trebuchet, Tahoma, sans-serif; "><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm3003697" target="self" rel="external">10.1021/jm3003697</a></span>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ODDT Released</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Rare diseases</category><dc:date>2012-04-13T08:00:29+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/765449cae45b89c2dfbe2b50b155d13e-82.html#unique-entry-id-82</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/765449cae45b89c2dfbe2b50b155d13e-82.html#unique-entry-id-82</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[Open Drug Discovery Teams (ODDT) is now available on the iTunes Store.<br /><br />The idea behind <a href="http://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/oddt/id517000016?mt=8" target="self">ODDT</a> is that there are many rare of neglected diseases that might benefit from collaborative efforts from scientists from multiple disciplines, ODDT is an application that supports informal interactions, provides a means to explore relevant information in a flipboard like interface in particular information tagged by other scientists with similar interests. The image below gives you an idea of the topics currently discussed.<br /><br /><img class="imageStyle" alt="oddt" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/oddt.png" width="480" height="315" /><br /><br />This slideshow explains the genesis of the project, and how it has evolved.<br /><br /><div style="width:425px" id="__ss_11925158"> <strong style="display:block;margin:12px 0 4px"><a href="http://www.slideshare.net/ekinssean/oddt-open-drug-discovery-teams-for-collaboration" title="ODDT - open drug discovery teams for collaboration" target="_blank">ODDT - open drug discovery teams for collaboration</a></strong> <iframe src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/11925158" width="425" height="355" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe> <div style="padding:5px 0 12px"> View more <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/thecroaker/death-by-powerpoint" target="_blank">PowerPoint</a> from <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/ekinssean" target="_blank">Sean Ekins</a> </div> </div><br /><br /><br />So why not fire up iTunes and download the free app and get involved?]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment Screening Pages Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2012-04-08T09:57:54+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bd76e075c3bedcf3f3d9cc2ae12ab402-81.html#unique-entry-id-81</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bd76e075c3bedcf3f3d9cc2ae12ab402-81.html#unique-entry-id-81</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the pages devoted to fragment-based screening</p>

<p><a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collections.html" target="self" title="Fragment Collection">Fragment Collections</a><br>
<a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collection_profiles.html" target="self" title="Fragment Collection Profiles">Fragment Collection Profiles</a><br>
<a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html" target="self" title="Fragment Based Screening">Fragment-Based Screening</a><br>
<a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening_reported_hits.html" target="self" title="Known Fragment Hits">Known Fragment Hits</a><br></p>

<p>Many thanks to all who provided details of their fragment collections.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Bioisosteres updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2012-03-22T13:08:10+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/06d65a381e75b5ef2a5402acbe462460-80.html#unique-entry-id-80</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/06d65a381e75b5ef2a5402acbe462460-80.html#unique-entry-id-80</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the pages containing <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/acid_bioisosteres.html" target="self" title="Acid Bioisosteres">Acid</a> and <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/ester_bioisosteres.html" target="self" title="Ester Bioisosteres">Ester</a> bioisosteres.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ChEMBL 13</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Trypanosomiasis</category><category>Chagas</category><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2012-03-04T12:30:05+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0941bb14c264ba5ec57f5f2aa2f5dc6f-79.html#unique-entry-id-79</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0941bb14c264ba5ec57f5f2aa2f5dc6f-79.html#unique-entry-id-79</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://chembl.blogspot.com/2012/02/chembl-13-released.html" target="self" rel="external">ChEMBL 13</a> has been released.</p>

<p>This release includes updates to the manually extracted Medicinal Chemistry literature, updates to OrangeBook drug approvals and a update from PubChem BioAssay. This release also contains data sets related to screening against human African Trypanosomiasis and Chagas disease. Both data sets have been deposited by the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi). </p>

<p>This latest version of the ChEMBL database contains:</p>

<ul>
<li>1,304,115 compound records</li>
<li>1,143,682 distinct compounds</li>
<li>617,681 assays</li>
<li>6,933,068 bioactivities</li>
<li>8,845 targets</li>
<li>44,68 documents</li>
<li>8 data sources</li>
</ul>

<p>The data can be downloaded from the ChEMBL website.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Added links to MACiE</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>enzyme inhibitors</category><dc:date>2012-03-04T09:30:20+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/18bdc0fba0e47330e773c6b68624ae83-78.html#unique-entry-id-78</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/18bdc0fba0e47330e773c6b68624ae83-78.html#unique-entry-id-78</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve added links to the <a href="http://www.ebi.ac.uk/thornton-srv/databases/MACiE/" target="self" rel="external">MACiE database</a> (Mechanism, Annotation and Classification in Enzymes), to provide more information on the mechanisms of the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/aspartic_protease_inhibitors.html" target="self" title="Aspartic Protease Inhibitors">Aspartic</a>, <a href="../resources/hit_identification/focus/serine_protease_inhibitors.html" target="self" title="Serine Protease Inhibitors">Serine</a> and <a href="../resources/hit_identification/focus/cysteine_protease_inhibitors.html" target="self" title="Cysteine Protease Inhibitors">Cysteine</a> Proteases.</p>

<p>Also started a page on <a href="../resources/hit_identification/focus/metalloprotease_inhib.html" target="self" title="Metalloprotease Inhibitors">metalloproteases</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Biology and Pathology of the Malaria Parasite, 14 - 16 May 2012</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><dc:date>2012-02-25T09:43:45+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1e2f7b4b3dcfb5a1e8c84d426ff6eac1-77.html#unique-entry-id-77</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1e2f7b4b3dcfb5a1e8c84d426ff6eac1-77.html#unique-entry-id-77</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Registration and abstract deadlines will be closing on 1st March 2012 <br>
Pleae note that registration without abstract submission is also possible.</p>

<p>Conference website: <a href="http://www.embl.de/training/events/2012/BMP12-01" target="self" rel="external">www.embl.de/training/events/2012/BMP12-01</a></p>

<p>Venue: EMBL Advanced Training Centre, Heidelberg, Germany</p>

<p>This annual conference will bring together malaria researchers from Europe and overseas in order to present and share recent groundbreaking findings on fundamental malaria research. </p>

<p>Topics covered include:
- Immunobiology and Pathophysiology
- Parasite Molecular and Cell Biology
- Vector Parasite Interactions
- Modelling and Systems Biology
We also invite you to register for a two and a half day workshop designed to provide you with training in effective use of several online resources relevant for Plasmodium research, including:
- GeneDB (http://GeneDB.org)
- PlasmoDB (http://PlasmoDB.org)
- VectorBase (http://VectorBase.org)
The workshop will start at 9am on Saturday May 12th and run until Monday May 14th.
You are welcome to&nbsp;circulate this announcement to interested members and groups within your institute.</p>

<p>We look forward to welcoming you in Heidelberg, Germany.</p>

<p>Matthew Berriman, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, United Kingdom
Peter Bull, KEMRI Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom
Flaminia Catteruccia, University of Perugia, Italy
Lisa Ranford-Cartwright, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
Till Voss, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute /&nbsp;University of Basel,&nbsp;Switzerland</p>

<p>If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact Tim Nuernberger.
Email: <a href="mailto:tim.nuernberger@embl.de" target="self" rel="external">tim.nuernberger@embl.de</a>
European Molecular Biology Laboratory</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>More bioisosteres added</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2012-02-22T14:01:56+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b32e2aae6cacae2bc2ebfc6ce95beac9-76.html#unique-entry-id-76</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/b32e2aae6cacae2bc2ebfc6ce95beac9-76.html#unique-entry-id-76</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" target="self" title="Bioisosteres">bioisosteres section</a>, adding a number of new examples of bioisosteric replacements. </p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>More Ester and Amide bioisostere examples</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2012-02-17T14:23:43+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/31cbda2c0c36144e39b492abafeb2dc0-75.html#unique-entry-id-75</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/31cbda2c0c36144e39b492abafeb2dc0-75.html#unique-entry-id-75</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated Bioisosteres section adding several new examples to the <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/ester_bioisosteres.html" target="self" title="Ester Bioisosteres">Ester and Amide bioisosteres</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Website Update</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Website</category><dc:date>2012-02-15T16:37:23+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/afb3326cffb9c0d3fe6ec15f25212cf7-74.html#unique-entry-id-74</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/afb3326cffb9c0d3fe6ec15f25212cf7-74.html#unique-entry-id-74</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve now finished updating the website. I&rsquo;ve changed the host, redesigned the theme and updated almost every page.</p>

<p>Feel free to have a look around and let me know of any issues or suggestios.</p>

<p><?php as_728x90(); ?></p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>OSIRIS Property Explorer</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Cheminformatics</category><dc:date>2011-10-29T09:15:29+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/osiris-property-explorer.html#unique-entry-id-73</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/osiris-property-explorer.html#unique-entry-id-73</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I recently came across a website that may be of interest:</p>

<p>The <a href="http://www.organic-chemistry.org/prog/peo/" target="self" rel="external">OSIRIS Property Explorer</a> shown in this page is an integral part of Actelion's (1) inhouse substance registration system. It lets you draw chemical structures and calculates on-the-fly various drug-relevant properties whenever a structure is valid. Prediction results are valued and color coded. Properties with high risks of undesired effects like mutagenicity or a poor intestinal absorption are shown in red. Whereas a green color indicates drug-conform behaviour.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Piperazine bioisosteres</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2011-09-17T09:34:55+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/piperazine-bioisosteres.html#unique-entry-id-72</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/piperazine-bioisosteres.html#unique-entry-id-72</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>At the 16th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium held in Churchill College, Cambridge there we a couple of examples of bioisosteric replacements for piperazine. Since piperazines turn up regularly in sample collections I thought it might be useful to add them to the page of basic <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/Base_bioisosteres.html" target="self" title="Bioisosteres_3">bioisosteres</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>The Great Stagnation</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Books</category><dc:date>2011-09-16T10:31:04+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/the-great-stagnation.html#unique-entry-id-71</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/the-great-stagnation.html#unique-entry-id-71</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Those who heard Derek Lowe&rsquo;s presentation at the Cambridge MedChem Meeting might be interested in reading the book by Tyler Cowen&rsquo;s The Great Stagnation excerpts of which he used to illustrate his talk.</p>

<iframe src="http://rcm-uk.amazon.co.uk/e/cm?t=macinche-21&o=2&p=8&l=as1&asins=0525952713&ref=tf_til&fc1=000000&IS2=1&lt1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr" style="width:120px;height:240px;" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0"></iframe>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment Based Screening</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2011-07-17T13:01:45+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fragment-based-screening.html#unique-entry-id-70</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/fragment-based-screening.html#unique-entry-id-70</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the sections on <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html" target="self" title="Fragment Based Screening">fragment based screening</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Chemical Databases</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2011-07-07T22:22:41+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/chemical-databases.html#unique-entry-id-69</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/chemical-databases.html#unique-entry-id-69</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-size:18px; color:#000000;">
</span>Updated the <a href="../resources/databases.html" target="self" title="Chemical Databases">Chemical Databases</a> page, added <a href="http://mms.dsfarm.unipd.it/MMsINC.html" target="self" rel="external">MMsINCdatabase</a> a free web-oriented database of commercially-available compounds for virtual screening and chemoinformatic applications. MMsINC contains over 4 million non-redundant chemical compounds in&nbsp;3D formats. </p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>16th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2011-07-06T07:50:44+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/sci-rsc-medicinal-chemistry-symposium.html#unique-entry-id-68</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/sci-rsc-medicinal-chemistry-symposium.html#unique-entry-id-68</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The deadline for the early bird rates ends soon for the 16th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium to be held Sunday 11 -14 September 2011 Churchill College, Cambridge, UK.</p>

<p>The 16th SCI-RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium will focus on first disclosures and new strategies in medicinal chemistry. Reflecting current trends in medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical research, the theme of the conference will be The Path Forward: Collaboration or Competition? The scientific programme features lectures on Enzyme Inhibitors, Ligands for Receptors and Ion Channels plus a Hot Topic late breaker session.  In addition the meeting has a number of talks addressing key Enabling Processes and Technologies for the future of Medicinal Chemistry. There will also be Poster Sessions with a number of posters selected for short talks.</p>

<p><a href="http://www.soci.org/General-Pages/Display-Event?EventCode=FCHEM108" target="self" rel="external">Full details are here</a></p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Bioisosteres</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2011-06-07T09:26:17+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/updated-bioisoteres.html#unique-entry-id-67</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/updated-bioisoteres.html#unique-entry-id-67</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Added a few more examples to the <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/Base_bioisosteres.html" target="self" title="Bioisosteres_3">Bioisoteres page</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Fragment Collections</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2011-05-05T08:27:55+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/updated-fragment-collections.html#unique-entry-id-66</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/updated-fragment-collections.html#unique-entry-id-66</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated two pages.</p>

<p><a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collections.html" target="self" title="Fragment Collection">Fragment Collections</a> on which I&rsquo;ve added a couple of additional suppliers, and <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collection_profiles.html" target="self" title="Fragment Collection Profiles">Fragment collection profiles</a> on which I&rsquo;ve added the profile of the TimTec collection and updated the collections from the existing vendors. It seems that as the collections evolve more of the collections are starting to look like they were designed rather than simply applying cutoffs (MWt etc) to an existing sample collection. We are starting to see less aromatic compounds and more consideration to the 3D structure.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Idiosyncratic toxicity</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2011-04-29T09:20:05+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/idiosyncratic-toxicity.html#unique-entry-id-65</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/idiosyncratic-toxicity.html#unique-entry-id-65</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the section on <a href="../resources/toxicity/idiosyncratic_toxicity.html" target="self" title="Idiosyncratic Toxicity">idiosyncratic toxicity</a> to include more information on risk assessment strategies and the influence of clinical dose.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>RSC MedChem School</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2011-04-04T13:07:03+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/rsc-medchem-school.html#unique-entry-id-63</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/rsc-medchem-school.html#unique-entry-id-63</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The details of the RSC MedChem School that will be held 4-8 July 2011 at Burleigh Court Conference Centre, Loughborough University are now online. Early bird registration is available until April 1st.</p>

<p>Full details can be found on the <a href="http://www.rsc.org/ConferencesAndEvents/RSCEvents/MedChemTrainingSchool/index.asp" target="self" rel="external">RSC website here</a>.</p>

<p>The residential training school focusses on current thinking in drug discovery and will take place at the Burleigh Court Conference Centre, Loughborough University. The course is directed primarily at graduate and post doctoral chemists with 1-4 years experience in the field of drug research. Final year PhD students in pharmacy and organic chemistry contemplating a career in medicinal chemistry will also find the course of use.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Bioisosteres</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2011-04-04T09:43:28+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7ccfe680b5fab9a817e075a8968c74c2-62.html#unique-entry-id-62</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7ccfe680b5fab9a817e075a8968c74c2-62.html#unique-entry-id-62</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Judging by the weblogs the <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" target="self" title="Bioisosteres_1">Bioisosteres section</a> has been very popular so I&rsquo;ve added several more examples that I hope will be useful.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Grant funding available</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><dc:subject>News</dc:subject><dc:date>2011-03-10T20:07:23+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/02cb5b6ef09676f3ef6086e518f2b07d-61.html#unique-entry-id-61</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/02cb5b6ef09676f3ef6086e518f2b07d-61.html#unique-entry-id-61</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Have you every thought of grant funding your research?</p>

<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the <a href="../resources/grant_funds.html" target="self" title="Grant_funds">list of general and disease specific funding bodies</a>.</p>

<p>Please let me know of any I&rsquo;ve missed.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>16th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry 
Symposium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2011-03-09T08:52:54+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1c90d8b3a6712c470befa718a56d0c8e-60.html#unique-entry-id-60</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/1c90d8b3a6712c470befa718a56d0c8e-60.html#unique-entry-id-60</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The flyer containing details of and the application form for the 16th SCI/RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium to be held Sunday 11 -14 September 2011 Churchill College, Cambridge, UK is now available for download:</p>

<p><a href="http://homepage.mac.com/swain/Sites/CMC/News/16MedChem_Flyer.pdf" target="self" rel="external">FINAL CIRCULAR and APPLICATION FORM</a></p>

<p>The 16th SCI-RSC Medicinal Chemistry Symposium will focus on first disclosures and new strategies in medicinal chemistry. Reflecting current trends in medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical research, the theme of the conference will be The Path Forward: Collaboration or Competition? The scientific programme features lectures on Enzyme Inhibitors, Ligands for Receptors and Ion Channels plus a Hot Topic late breaker session.  In addition the meeting has a number of talks addressing key Enabling Processes and Technologies for the future of Medicinal Chemistry. There will also be Poster Sessions with a number of posters selected for short talks</p>

<h2>Call for Posters</h2>

<p>Contributions from the whole field of medicinal chemistry are invited. Please submit A4 abstracts of your poster presentation to jacqui.colgate@soci.org and indicate whether you are willing to be upgraded to a poster talk. <strong>Deadline for submissions: 27 May 2011</strong>.  </p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>RSC MedChem School</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2011-03-04T08:47:11+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/371dfff6a122bf4032d91aff758523f4-59.html#unique-entry-id-59</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/371dfff6a122bf4032d91aff758523f4-59.html#unique-entry-id-59</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The RSC Medicinal Chemistry Summer School, for the last 40 years regarded as the pre-eminent industry training course for medicinal chemists, is due to take place 4-8th July 2011 at Burleigh Court Conference Centre, Loughborough University.&nbsp; It brings together cross-industry and cross-discipline &nbsp;practitioners to provide lectures, tutorials , workshops and case-studies illustrating modern drug discovery.&nbsp;&nbsp; This will provides an excellent training opportunity for young medicinal chemists, a refresher for those more experienced, or an introduction to drug design thinking for any scientist working in cross-functional discovery teams.</p>

<p><a href="http://homepage.mac.com/swain/Sites/CMC/News/files/RSC_MedChem_Course.pdf" target="self" rel="external">The flyer and application form can be downloaded here</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Directed and Virtual Screening</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2011-02-28T13:25:49+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e27383f78a17191635ebff24775ed272-58.html#unique-entry-id-58</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e27383f78a17191635ebff24775ed272-58.html#unique-entry-id-58</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just started a section on <a href="../resources/hit_identification/virtual_screening.html" target="self" title="Directed and Virtual Screening">Virtual Screening</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>RSC MedChem School</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Conferences</category><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2011-02-04T09:40:30+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0b8bc394c12d5af48859c9e6d683c23e-57.html#unique-entry-id-57</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/0b8bc394c12d5af48859c9e6d683c23e-57.html#unique-entry-id-57</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The details of the RSC MedChem School that will be held 4-8 July 2011 at Burleigh Court Conference Centre, Loughborough University are now online. Early bird registration is available until April 1st.</p>

<p>Full details can be found on the <a href="http://www.rsc.org/ConferencesAndEvents/RSCEvents/MedChemTrainingSchool/index.asp" target="self" rel="external">RSC website here</a>.</p>

<p>The residential training school focusses on current thinking in drug discovery and will take place at the Burleigh Court Conference Centre, Loughborough University. The course is directed primarily at graduate and post doctoral chemists with 1-4 years experience in the field of drug research. Final year PhD students in pharmacy and organic chemistry contemplating a career in medicinal chemistry will also find the course of use.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Aldehyde Oxidase page</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><dc:date>2011-01-11T09:52:41+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d73f94ac163cfc593fa3e9b134d02423-56.html#unique-entry-id-56</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d73f94ac163cfc593fa3e9b134d02423-56.html#unique-entry-id-56</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the page on <a href="../resources/ADME/aldehyde_oxidase.html" target="self" title="Aldehyde Oxidase">Aldehyde Oxidase (AOX1)</a>, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of many nitrogen containing heterocycles.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Chemical Databases Page</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2010-12-07T10:07:50+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9cbbca20b0ad35102fbd0e0bdcf2ddfa-55.html#unique-entry-id-55</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/9cbbca20b0ad35102fbd0e0bdcf2ddfa-55.html#unique-entry-id-55</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the <a href="../resources/databases.html" target="self" title="Chemical Databases">online chemical databases page</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Fragment Collection Profiles</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2010-10-16T08:49:36+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a29620b70d69dc53b89856f0dd5b09ab-54.html#unique-entry-id-54</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/a29620b70d69dc53b89856f0dd5b09ab-54.html#unique-entry-id-54</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Several companies have kindly sent me updated copies of the structure files for their fragment collections. </p>

<p>I&rsquo;ve updated the analysis of the collections and added a couple more properties, by calculating the most acid/basic pKa I&rsquo;ve catagorised the fragments into acid/base/neutral/zwitterion. I&rsquo;ve also calculated the fraction of aromatic atoms (number of aromatic/number heavy atoms), one comment I&rsquo;ve heard about some collections is that they contain too many aromatic compounds and have issues with solubility.</p>

<p>Full details are on the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collection_profiles.html" target="self" title="Fragment Collection Profiles">Fragment Collection Profiles</a> page.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment Screening</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2010-10-14T12:55:38+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d93cbf3b3544dea812d3cb4217ec36f9-53.html#unique-entry-id-53</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/d93cbf3b3544dea812d3cb4217ec36f9-53.html#unique-entry-id-53</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the page on fragment collection profiles</p>

<p>Full details are on the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collection_profiles.html" target="self" title="Fragment Collection Profiles">Fragment Collection Profiles</a> page.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment Collections</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Formulation</category><category>Drug Discovery</category><dc:date>2010-10-03T09:49:19+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e5472fa2f37d9019f2bce40ebd677085-52.html#unique-entry-id-52</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e5472fa2f37d9019f2bce40ebd677085-52.html#unique-entry-id-52</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just completed an addition to the Drug Discovery Resources, since fragment-based screening has increased in popularity I thought I&rsquo;d have a look at available fragment collections. In particular, I looked at the overlap between collections, the physicochemical profiles and their diversity.</p>

<p>Full details are on the <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_collection_profiles.html" target="self" title="Fragment Collection Profiles">Fragment Collection Profiles</a> page.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment Screening</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><dc:date>2010-09-30T08:38:43+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/59e7a4d5776988c6ec30fbe3cdb292b0-51.html#unique-entry-id-51</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/59e7a4d5776988c6ec30fbe3cdb292b0-51.html#unique-entry-id-51</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Just completed a project to help design a fragment library for Selcia to be used with their proprietary <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html" target="self" title="Fragment Based Screening">fragment screening technology CEFrag</a>.</p>

<p>A <a href="http://homepage.mac.com/swain/Sites/CMC/DDResources/Hit_iden/fbd_files/SelciaFragmentLibrary.pdf" target="self" rel="external">poster</a> will be presented at the FBLD2010 meeting in Philadelphia in October</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>16th RSC-SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><category>Conferences</category><dc:date>2010-08-23T12:39:22+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8c9df5b955f35bc27c06a5ed35695e86-50.html#unique-entry-id-50</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8c9df5b955f35bc27c06a5ed35695e86-50.html#unique-entry-id-50</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The first circular for the 16th RSC-SCI Medicinal Chemistry Symposium, 11-14  September 2011, Churchill College, Cambridge, UK is now <a href="http://homepage.mac.com/swain/Sites/CMC/News/files/MedChem2011FirstCircularPostcard.pdf" target="self" rel="external">available here</a>.</p>

<p>Scientifc Program includes:-</p>

<ul>
<li><p>Strategies to success - H-PGDS inhibitors for the treatment of inﬂamatory disorders, Sukanthini Thurauratnam, Sanoﬁ -Aventis </p></li>
<li><p>Discovery on next generation glucokinase activators, Mike Waring, AstraZeneca </p></li>
<li><p>Inhalation by design, Paul Glosson, Pﬁzer </p></li>
<li><p>Bromodomains a new class of epigenetic targets for small molecule drug discovery, Jason Witherington, GSK </p></li>
<li><p>GPCR Structure based drug design using stabilised receptors(StaRs), Miles Congreve, Heptares </p></li>
<li><p>GS-9350: a novel pharmacoenhancer, Lianhong Xu, Gilead Sciences</p></li>
</ul>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>ChemSpider Search</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2010-07-25T08:48:46+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bc77b1e7646331608de146c2dd9df11f-49.html#unique-entry-id-49</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/bc77b1e7646331608de146c2dd9df11f-49.html#unique-entry-id-49</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If like me you regularly come across drugs mentioned on web pages that you are unfamiliar with then <a href="http://www.macinchem.org/extensions/chemspider.php" target="self" rel="external">this Safari Extension</a> will be of interest.<span style="font-size:18px; color:#000000;">
</span>
If a page contains a drug name (<a href="../resources/ADME/aldehyde_oxidase.html" target="self" title="Aldehyde Oxidase">this page</a> describes AOX1 substrates), select the name and right click (or control click) and an option appears to search for the highlighted drug on ChemSpider.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/chemspider_1.png" width="1071" height="656" /></p>

<p>Click on Search for &ldquo;Loratidine&rdquo; on ChemSpider option and the structure appears in a small window.</p>

<p>The new version of the extension has a few extra options, the small window that pops up containing the structure now has a number of additional options highlighted below, if you click on the &ldquo;3D&rdquo; button the display changes to a 3D rendering using the Java applet JMOL. If you now click on the &ldquo;Zoom&rdquo; button.</p>

<p class="c"><img class="imageStyle" alt="" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2d_chemspider.png" width="459" height="333" /></p>

<p class="c"><img class="imageStyle" alt="" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/3d_chemspider.png" width="408" height="342" /></p>

<p>If you then click on the &ldquo;view&rdquo; option a new page opens showing the full details in ChemSpider.</p>

<p><img class="imageStyle" alt="" src="https:/www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/chemspider_3.png" width="1069" height="629" /><span style="font-size:18px; color:#000000;">
</span><span style="font-size:18px; color:#000000;">
</span></p>
<br />]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Malaria HTS results</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Malaria</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2010-07-17T14:10:52+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6a0c2ffdca8b1228825794d62280b3bb-48.html#unique-entry-id-48</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/6a0c2ffdca8b1228825794d62280b3bb-48.html#unique-entry-id-48</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Recently two groups have reported the results of screening campaigns, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) published ( <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature09107" target="self" rel="external">doi:10.1038/nature09107</a> ) the results of screening nearly 2 million compounds from their chemical library for inhibitors of P. falciparum, of which 13,533 were confirmed to inhibit parasite growth by at least 80% at 2 uM. The chemical structures and associated data were made public to encourage additional drug lead identification efforts and further research into this disease. In a second paper ( <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature09099" target="self" rel="external">doi:10.1038/nature09099</a> ) a library containing 309,474 unique compounds, &ldquo;designed at the scaffold level to provide diverse, comprehensive coverage of bioactive space&rdquo;, was screened against Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7 at a fixed concentration of 7 uM and afforded 1536 hits.</p>

<p>I thought I'd contribute to this generous effort by calculating a number of descriptors and properties for the molecules and then cluster the molecules in a variety of ways to help analysis and provide the data for download. <a href="../malaria/" target="self" title="Malaria">You can read about it here</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>MedChemComm RSS</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>RSC</category><dc:date>2010-07-15T08:49:12+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e789c89e8d15abd09f3565e1758fa957-47.html#unique-entry-id-47</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/e789c89e8d15abd09f3565e1758fa957-47.html#unique-entry-id-47</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Added the RSS feed for MedChemComm the new journal from the RSC</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Aldehyde Oxidase</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><dc:date>2010-07-08T07:57:52+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8b545c16ff608aeadc1e547ceb50cc85-46.html#unique-entry-id-46</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/8b545c16ff608aeadc1e547ceb50cc85-46.html#unique-entry-id-46</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve added a section on <a href="../resources/ADME/aldehyde_oxidase.html" target="self" title="Aldehyde Oxidase">Aldehyde Oxidase (AOX1)</a>, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of many nitrogen containing heterocycles.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Essential Reading</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Books</category><dc:date>2010-04-30T08:11:42+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/315ddf596640217fe6767936921037db-45.html#unique-entry-id-45</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/315ddf596640217fe6767936921037db-45.html#unique-entry-id-45</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Updated <a href="../resources/publications.html" target="self" title="Essential Reading">Essential Reading</a></p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Bioisosteres Updated</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Bioisosteres</category><dc:date>2010-03-30T08:36:54+01:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dbc1dbb5a9569514f5e2c8ecd97bc18c-44.html#unique-entry-id-44</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/dbc1dbb5a9569514f5e2c8ecd97bc18c-44.html#unique-entry-id-44</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Updated the section on <a href="../resources/bioisoteres/" target="self" title="Bioisosteres_1">Bioisosteres</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Privileged Structures</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><dc:subject>News</dc:subject><dc:date>2010-03-26T15:28:09+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/be1cf7d79d7a21b0903b0aefb78cf609-43.html#unique-entry-id-43</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/be1cf7d79d7a21b0903b0aefb78cf609-43.html#unique-entry-id-43</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Added a page of <a href="../resources/hit_identification/privileged_structures.html" target="self" title="Privileged Structures">privileged structures</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Computational Chemistry Books</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><dc:subject>News</dc:subject><dc:date>2010-03-23T08:46:14+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/09da80c28de1bc017c3debd8ec13b05f-42.html#unique-entry-id-42</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/09da80c28de1bc017c3debd8ec13b05f-42.html#unique-entry-id-42</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve added a page on <a href="../resources/computational_chemistry_books.html" target="self" title="Computational Chemistry Books">Computational Chemistry Books</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Pages</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Databases</category><dc:date>2010-03-20T08:52:41+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/07ec18904b0f3c43e48be3fe22f11043-41.html#unique-entry-id-41</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/07ec18904b0f3c43e48be3fe22f11043-41.html#unique-entry-id-41</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Updated the <a href="../resources/databases.html" target="self" title="Chemical Databases">Chemical Databases</a> and <a href="../resources/physiochem/" target="self" title="PhysicoChem">Physicochemical Properties</a> pages of the <a href="../resources/" target="self" title="Drug Discovery Resources">Drug Discovery Resources</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Fragment-Based Screening</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2010-02-13T08:37:43+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/31e4c0281c7305c71b7d842d2ff4f2e2-39.html#unique-entry-id-39</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/31e4c0281c7305c71b7d842d2ff4f2e2-39.html#unique-entry-id-39</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Updated the list of commercially available fragment libraries.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Frequent Hitters</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2010-02-11T10:09:38+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2ca8a5460baa732fe033488be253288c-38.html#unique-entry-id-38</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2ca8a5460baa732fe033488be253288c-38.html#unique-entry-id-38</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just added a new section to the Drug Discovery Resources describing :-</p>

<p><a href="../resources/hit_identification/promiscous.html" target="self" title="Frequent Hitters">Frequent Hitters, False Positives, Promiscuous Compounds</a></p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated HERG Page</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>hERG</category><dc:date>2010-02-01T11:11:40+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7745c679cc6504b0a63b23f84935a3da-37.html#unique-entry-id-37</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/7745c679cc6504b0a63b23f84935a3da-37.html#unique-entry-id-37</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve just updated the <a href="../resources/herg_activity.html" target="self" title="HERG_activity">HERG activity page</a>. Adding new data from the literature.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Site Updates</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Drug Discovery</category><category>Screening</category><dc:date>2010-01-17T09:05:23+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ed9d0abddf98c0695c1a9a528bf4e6e0-36.html#unique-entry-id-36</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/ed9d0abddf98c0695c1a9a528bf4e6e0-36.html#unique-entry-id-36</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<span style="color:#7F7F7F;">Details of Website updates</span>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updated Reading List</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>ADME</category><dc:date>2009-12-10T09:06:58+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/025fd2c8757cb6efbd0a93281af29573-35.html#unique-entry-id-35</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/025fd2c8757cb6efbd0a93281af29573-35.html#unique-entry-id-35</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Cyprotex ADME Guide: An excellent guide to understanding and interpreting ADME assays and results, available on request from the <a href="http://cyprotex.com/home/" target="self" rel="external">Cyprotex home page</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item><item><title>Updates</title><dc:creator>swain@mac.com</dc:creator><category>Fragment-based Screening</category><category>Metabolism</category><dc:date>2009-12-07T08:56:30+00:00</dc:date><link>https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2a92d5bf3de7fc3f5127da36d331c63e-34.html#unique-entry-id-34</link><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.cambridgemedchemconsulting.com/news/index_files/2a92d5bf3de7fc3f5127da36d331c63e-34.html#unique-entry-id-34</guid><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&rsquo;ve added a sections on <a href="../resources/hit_identification/fragment_based_screening.html" target="self" title="Fragment Based Screening">fragment-based screening</a>, <a href="../resources/physiochem/solubility.html" target="self" title="Solubility">solubility</a> and updated the section on <a href="../resources/ADME/metabolism.html" target="self" title="Metabolism">metabolism</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded></item></channel>
</rss>