tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-86307253252550299002026-03-04T11:45:34.195+05:30Medical Notes , MCQs , Most Common Mnemonics , One Liners...DrAyushGoelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17014476353129475297noreply@blogger.comBlogger620125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-89889366339575359522023-05-29T17:06:00.002+05:302023-05-29T17:07:41.950+05:30

Author: Dr. Ayush Goel Q. What is the name of the Radiographic View and what is the diagnosis ? Image Courtesy : Dr Ayush Goel ANSWER: Answer: TMJ Lateral Oblique View (25 degree Caudad) - TMJ Dislocation

DrAyushGoelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17014476353129475297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-34697955124242737322022-12-23T10:45:00.000+05:302022-12-23T10:45:51.480+05:30

Author: Dr. Ayush Goel Q. What is the diagnosis of this classical appearance on MLO view of Mammogram ? Image Courtesy: Dr Ayush Goel & Dr Garima Goel ANSWER: Answer: BIRADS V - Malignant Breast Lesion

DrAyushGoelhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17014476353129475297noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-61963679185973026232016-11-28T19:16:00.000+05:302016-11-28T19:16:40.958+05:30

451. Periampullary carcinoma: Double duct sign 452. Carcinoma head of pancreas: Barium study - Widening of C loop of duodenum. 453. Down's syndrome: Antenatal ultrasound  Increased Nuchal Translucency >3mm (between 11.3 to 13.6 weeks gestation) Not to be confused with Nuchal fold thickness which is taken between 18 to 22 weeks of gestation Absent / Hypoplastic Nasal bone 454.

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-33481970607289794492016-11-27T21:33:00.000+05:302016-11-27T21:33:05.648+05:30

Author: Dr. Ayush Goel Renal tuberculosis occurs due to hematogenous spread. Salient points: Earliest symptom: Frequency of micturation Lab reports: Sterile Pyuria Best Radiological test: IVP Earliest feature - feathery appearance of calyces Late - Putty Kidney/Cement Kidney (Autonephrectomy) Note: Autosplenectomy is seen in Sickel cell disease Urinary bladder - Thimble bladder (thick

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-40810265436821603392016-08-10T22:34:00.001+05:302016-08-10T22:34:44.567+05:30

Author: Dr. Ayush Goel Q. What is the diagnosis of this classical appearance of lower limb during antenatal ultrasound scan ? Image courtesy: Dr Ayush Goel ANSWER: Answer: Congenital Talipes Equino Varus (CTEV / Club Foot)

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-58635515323512919762016-07-04T18:00:00.003+05:302016-07-04T18:00:39.576+05:30

Author: Dr. Ayush Goel Q. Whats the diagnosis for this classical appearance ? Image courtesy: Dr Ayush Goel ANSWER: Answer: Rickets - Cupping and flaring of metaphysis with widening of growth plate.

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-46963575323868285652016-01-17T19:31:00.000+05:302016-01-17T19:32:40.098+05:30

441. MRI - Gadolinium contrast is used (when needed). In patients with renal failure, it may cause Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis - plaques of skin (firm, indurated and erythematous) with subcutaneous oedema. 442. Air bronchograms can be seen in alveolar pathologies: Pneumonia Pulmonary edema Hyaline membrane disease Bronchoalveolar carcinoma 443. Pneumatocele 

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-34887324122559457732016-01-17T19:18:00.000+05:302016-01-17T19:18:39.440+05:30

Author: Dr. Ayush Goel Pulmonary Sequestration = accessory lung (embryonic cut off of a segment from main lung)  Types: Intralobar Extralobar More common (75-85% cases) Less common (15-25% cases)  Presentation Usually Child with recurrent infections Usually Neonate with respiratory distress and cyanosis

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-64849438227247883152016-01-17T15:05:00.003+05:302016-01-17T15:05:49.738+05:30

Author: Dr. Ayush Goel Q. Whats your diagnosis ? Image courtesy: Dr Ayush Goel and Dr Subhash Goel ANSWER: Answer: Enlarged Adenoids and Tonsils

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-52527062841268016562015-06-01T15:25:00.001+05:302015-06-01T15:25:56.963+05:30

431. Egg shell calcification Sarcoidosis Silicosis Treated Lymphoma 432. Achondroplasia Champagne glass pelvis Bullet shaped vertebra Tombstone iliac wings Trident hand Macrocephaly with narrowed foramen magnum 433. In Doppler ultrasound, colour indicates direction of flow, conventionally: Red: towards the probe Blue: away from the probe However, this can be reversed with machine

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-25221051531667845202015-05-30T13:30:00.002+05:302015-05-30T13:30:31.448+05:30

Author: Dr Ayush Goel Important Bone Tumors: 1. Osteosarcoma:  Age: 10-20 yrs (except when its secondary e.g. in Paget's disease in old age) Metaphyseal Sunray periosteal reaction note: sunburst calcification on abdominal X-ray is seen in Pancreatic serous cystadenoma Codman triangle  note: codman tumor is chondroblastoma Radioresistant 2. Ewing's sarcoma Age: 10-20 yrs

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-7195725458342394452015-05-28T19:42:00.000+05:302015-05-28T19:42:32.738+05:30

Pulmonary aspergillosis can present in 3 major forms: Aspergilloma fungal ball in an old tuberculous cavity shows Monad sign (usually also called air crescent sign) Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) central bronchiectasis gloved finger appearance fleeting opacities Invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised shows CT halo sign Note: Reverse CT halo/Atol sign is seen in

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-17384528505020606052015-05-28T18:42:00.001+05:302015-05-28T18:44:12.723+05:30

421. For lung investigation - CT scan is best, except in Pancoast tumour/Superior sulcus tumour where MRI is investigation of choice to look for brachial plexus involvement. 422. Silhouette's sign or more correctly loss of silhouette sign: Middle lobe pathology: obscures right heart border Lower lobe pathology: obscures diaphragm Lingular pathology: left heart border Posterior segment

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-53477022674317113782015-05-28T11:30:00.002+05:302015-05-28T11:32:32.847+05:30

X-ray photon interaction with matter can occur in various forms: Photoelectric effect {low energy photon (energy just greater than binding energy of electron) interacts with innermost shell electron}- MCQ directly proportional to atomic number of matter inversely proportional to cube of incident photon energy maximum with tightly bound electrons (i.e. innermost shell - K) Compton

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-83708229952022374592015-05-28T10:24:00.001+05:302015-05-28T10:24:34.684+05:30

Author: Dr Ayush Goel Stroke (cerebrovascular accident) is a neurological deficit that can occur due to: ischemia (ischaemic stroke) haemorrhage (haemorrhagic stroke) lobar haemorrhage hypertensive haemorrhage Imaging CT scan First investigation to be undertaken is CT scan, to rule out haemorrhage. It is thus the investigation of choice for haemorrhagic stroke. Axial Non contrast

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-80098911317869662452015-05-28T00:40:00.003+05:302015-05-28T00:40:58.676+05:30

411. Bulging fissure sign: Klebsiella pneumonia 412. Venous sinus thrombosis CT: Non contrast - dense delta sign Contrast CT - empty delta sign 413. Worst headache of life: Subarachnoid haemorrhage 414. Investigation of choice for aneurysm - angiography aortic aneurysm - CT scan as there may be intraluminal thrombus aortic dissection - MRI 415. Basal exudates on CT seen in:

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-91113253608676932292015-05-24T23:12:00.002+05:302015-05-24T23:20:13.151+05:30

Author:  Dr Ayush Goel Myocardial perfusion and viability assessment is important for many reasons: to diagnose, locate and grade the severity of coronary artery disease to identify candidates who would benefit from re-vascularization to evaluate response of re-vascularization Terminology Stunned myocardium It refers to a state in which there is wall dysfunction but the

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-7800201539053043232015-04-07T21:31:00.004+05:302015-04-08T14:58:18.283+05:30

Q. What is the diagnosis ? ANSWER: Biconvex extra-axial hyperdense collection, not crossing the sutures --> Extradural hematoma (EDH) Image courtesy: Dr Ayush Goel MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-50472189703226575592015-02-05T17:00:00.001+05:302015-02-05T17:00:48.324+05:30

What is the diagnosis ? ANSWER: Rickets: cupping and flaring of bilateral ulnar and radial metaphysis Image courtesy: Dr. Subhash Goel (M.D. Radiology), Reblogged with permission from Shiviradiology MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder : DrAyushGoel

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-85303200290879978902014-12-23T13:11:00.004+05:302014-12-23T13:11:40.254+05:30

401. Osteoporosis: decreased bone mass but normal mineralization. (Mineral to matrix ratio normal) 402. Osteomalacia: decreased rate of mineralization, hence increased quantity of non-calcified matrix. (Mineral to matrix ratio decreased) 403. MRI breast: In pre-menopausal women it should be performed between 7th-14th day (2nd week) after start of menstrual cycle, to avoid

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-58910485832319306112014-12-02T11:44:00.002+05:302014-12-02T11:44:36.304+05:30

MCQ 166 Q. Which of the following defines "Restricted Diffusion" in MRI ? a. Hyperintense on DWI, Hypointense on ADC b. Hypointense on DWI, Hyperintense on ADC c. Hyperintense on DWI and ADC d. Hypointense on DWI and ADC ANSWER: Answer: A (Hyperintense on DWI, Hypointense on ADC) Explanation: See - Diffusion MRI MedicoNotebook - Founder : DrShiviMudgal , Co-Founder :

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-46812871538229694432014-10-18T16:29:00.000+05:302015-05-16T23:04:16.836+05:30

Paraganglion is defined as non neuronal cell derived from the neural crest. Types: Chromaffin cells (Sympathetic paraganglion) Pathology e.g.-  Pheochromocytoma Non chromaffin cells (Para-sympathetic paraganglion)  Pathology e.g.- Carotid body tumor, Glomus juglare, Glomus tympanicum [ sometimes called Glomus tumors* ] *Not to be confused with Glomangioma

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-41796412611188248032014-10-06T19:35:00.001+05:302014-10-06T19:35:24.737+05:30

391. Bouquet of flowers appearance = paintbrush appearance - seen in Medullary sponge kidney on IVP. 392.Gallbladder ghost triad - seen sonographically in Biliary atresia atretic gallbladder length <19 mm,  thin or absent mucosal lining or indistinct wall,  irregular gallbladder contour 393. Triangular cord sign : Sonographic sign showing > 4mm thickness of

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-22782444392977005572014-08-30T17:28:00.001+05:302014-08-30T17:30:25.817+05:30

381. Most common leukaemia in downs syndrome - ALL 382. Leukodystrophy (Dysmyelinating disease) with amino acid metabolism disorder - Canavan disease. 383. Primary extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors - mostly found in - omentum and mesentery. 384. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) = Lou Gehrig's Disease - between the ages of 40 and 70 - affects corticospinal tracts (runs

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8630725325255029900.post-2144545842422821192014-06-10T23:28:00.001+05:302014-06-10T23:28:26.816+05:30

371. Metastases to thyroid gland is rare. Most common metastases to thyroid is from MELANOMA. 372. Most important point of differentiation between extradural hematoma (EDH) and subdural hematoma (SDH) - Is the ability of SDH to cross the suture lines whereas EDH does not cross suture line. Though EDH is usually biconvex and SDH is usually concavo-convex BUT It is important to

Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14855005970337163390noreply@blogger.com1