#Refresh Excel External Data with PowerShell

# Define the path to the Excel file
$excelFilePath = "C:\Files\ExcelRefresh.xlsx"

# Set the visibility of the Excel application to false (invisible)
$visible = $false

# Create a new Excel application object
$excelApp = New-Object -ComObject "Excel.Application"

# Set the application to be invisible
$excelApp.Visible = $visible

# Open the specified workbook
$workbook = $excelApp.Workbooks.Open($excelFilePath)

# Refresh all external data connections
$workbook.RefreshAll()

# Disables pop-up alerts or messages while interacting with the workbook
$workbook.DisplayAlerts = $false

# Hides the workbook from view
$workbook.Visible = $false

# Save the workbook
$workbook.Save()

# Close the workbook and quit the application
$workbook.Close()
$excelApp.Quit()

# Release COM objects
Remove-Variable excelApp, workbook

Script walkthrough:

Step 1: Define the Excel File Path

# Define the path to the Excel file
$excelFilePath = "C:\Files\ExcelRefresh.xlsx"

Here, we start by specifying the path to our Excel file. Make sure to replace this with the path to your own workbook.

Step 2: Set Excel Application Visibility

# Set the visibility of the Excel application to false (invisible)
$visible = $false

This line determines whether Excel will be visible during the process. Setting it to $false makes it run in the background without distracting pop-ups.

Step 3: Create Excel Application Object

# Create a new Excel application object
$excelApp = New-Object -ComObject "Excel.Application"

With this line, we create a new instance of the Excel application, essentially opening Excel programmatically.

Step 4: Set Application Visibility

# Set the application to be invisible
$excelApp.Visible = $visible

Here, we use the visibility variable we defined earlier to set whether Excel should be visible to the user or not.

Step 5: Open Workbook and Refresh Data

# Open the specified workbook
$workbook = $excelApp.Workbooks.Open($excelFilePath)

# Refresh all external data connections
$workbook.RefreshAll()

We open the workbook specified in the file path and trigger a refresh for all external data connections.

Step 6: Disable Alerts and Hide Workbook

# Disables pop-up alerts or messages while interacting with the workbook
$workbook.DisplayAlerts = $false

# Hides the workbook from view
$workbook. Visible = $false

To avoid interruptions, we disable any alerts and keep the workbook hidden.

Step 7: Save Changes

# Save the workbook
$workbook. Save()

Ensuring any changes made during the refresh are saved.

Step 8: Close Workbook and Quit Application

# Close the workbook and quit the application
$workbook. Close()
$excelApp.Quit()

Finally, we gracefully close the workbook and quit the Excel application.

Step 9: Release COM Objects

# Release COM objects
Remove-Variable excelApp, workbook

To clean up, we release the COM objects, ensuring no memory leaks.

By following these steps, you’ve successfully automated the process of refreshing external data connections in Excel using PowerShell. This script is a time-saver, especially for those dealing with frequently updated data.

# Define source and destination folders, and Excel file path.
$sourceFolder = "C:\SourceFolder"
$destinationFolder = "C:\DestinationFolder"
$excelPath = "C:\File_List.xlsx"

# Import Excel data into a PowerShell object.
$excelData = Import-Excel -Path $excelPath

# Create dictionary to track copied files and avoid duplicates.
$copiedFiles = @{}

# Loop through each file in the source folder.
Get-ChildItem -Path $sourceFolder -File | ForEach-Object {
  # Get the base name (excluding extension) and full name (including extension) of the file.
  $fileName = $_.BaseName
  $fullName = $_.Name

  # Skip already copied files, checking both base and full name for duplicates.
  if ($copiedFiles[$fileName] -or $copiedFiles[$fullName]) {
    Write-Host "Skipping '$fullName' as it has already been copied."
    continue
  }

  # Check if a corresponding entry exists in Excel data, searching for either base or full name.
  $fileEntry = $excelData | Where-Object { $_.'Column1' -eq $fileName -or $_.'Column1' -eq $fullName }

  if ($fileEntry) {
    # Extract associated items from the "Column2" in Excel data.
    $items = $fileEntry.'Column2'

    # Create individual folders for each associated item.
    foreach ($item in $items) {
      # Create the target folder path.
      $targetFolder = Join-Path -Path $destinationFolder -ChildPath $item
      New-Item -Path $targetFolder -ItemType Directory -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

      # Copy the file to each item's folder.
      $destinationPath = Join-Path -Path $targetFolder -ChildPath $fullName
      Copy-Item -Path $_.FullName -Destination $destinationPath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
    }
  }

  # Mark both the base name and full name as copied to avoid duplicates.
  $copiedFiles[$fileName] = $true
  $copiedFiles[$fullName] = $true
}

Write-Host "Finished copying files."

Let’s break down the code step by step to understand how it works.
Setting the Stage: Defining Paths

# Define source and destination folders, and Excel file path.
$sourceFolder = "C:\SourceFolder"
$destinationFolder = "C:\DestinationFolder"
$excelPath = "C:\Workbook.xlsx"

Here, we set up the source folder containing our files, the destination folder where we want to organize them, and the path to an Excel workbook that holds our organizational data.

# Import Excel data into a PowerShell object.
$excelData = Import-Excel -Path $excelPath

We import data from the Excel workbook into a PowerShell object, allowing us to leverage it for efficient file management.

Avoiding Chaos: Preventing Duplicates

# Create dictionary to track copied files and avoid duplicates.
$copiedFiles = @{}

To ensure an organized system, we create a dictionary named $copiedFiles to keep track of files that have already been copied, preventing duplication.

The Main Act: File Looping and Copying

# Loop through each file in the source folder.
Get-ChildItem -Path $sourceFolder -File | ForEach-Object {
    # Get the base name and full name of the file.
    $fileName = $_.BaseName
    $fullName = $_.Name

    # Skip already copied files.
    if ($copiedFiles[$fileName] -or $copiedFiles[$fullName]) {
        Write-Host "Skipping '$fullName' as it has already been copied."
        continue
    }

    # Check for a corresponding entry in Excel data.
    $fileEntry = $excelData | Where-Object { $_.'Column1' -eq $fileName -or $_.'Column1' -eq $fullName }

    if ($fileEntry) {
        # Extract associated items from "Column2" in Excel data.
        $items = $fileEntry.'Column2'

        # Create folders for each associated item.
        foreach ($item in $items) {
            $targetFolder = Join-Path -Path $destinationFolder -ChildPath $item
            New-Item -Path $targetFolder -ItemType Directory -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

            # Copy the file to each item's folder.
            $destinationPath = Join-Path -Path $targetFolder -ChildPath $fullName
            Copy-Item -Path $_.FullName -Destination $destinationPath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
        }
    }

    # Mark both base name and full name as copied to avoid duplicates.
    $copiedFiles[$fileName] = $true
    $copiedFiles[$fullName] = $true
}

Here, the script iterates through each file in the source folder, checks for duplicates, and copies files to specified folders based on Excel data. The process ensures a well-organized destination folder.

Curtain Call: Finishing Touches

Write-Host "Finished copying files."

The script concludes by letting you know that the file copying process is complete. With this PowerShell script, you can efficiently manage and organize your files, saving time and effort in your daily workflow.

We can save these additional clicks by using a VB Macro to see only those file types which we want as in the image below.

Follow below steps to set this up:
1. Launch Microsoft Excel > Create a new document.
2. Navigate to Developer tab > Click on Visual Basic, or just press Alt + F11 on your keyboard.
3. In the project panel, double-click on “ThisWorkbook” under VBAProject. Now, paste below code in to the Editor:

Sub CustomFileOpen()
Dim strFileToOpen As String

strFileToOpen = Application.GetOpenFilename( _
                FileFilter:="Spreadsheets (*.xl* ; *.ods; *.csv),*.xl; *.ods; *.csv", _
                Title:="Select Spreadsheet to Open")
End Sub

4. Switch back to Excel > Press Alt + F8. This should open “Macro” dialog.
5. With “ThisWorkbook.CustomFileOpen” selected > Click Options and set up a hotkey to run this macro. For a familiar usage, you can set Ctrl + O as the shortcut.

Finally, to see if the code is working, switch back to Excel and press Ctrl + O. That should pop-up the Open File dialog.

In this script, we have made two changes to the dialog:
1. Changed the dialog title to “Select Spreadsheet to Open.”
2. Added filter to display all Excel files, OpenDocument Spreadsheet (.ods), and Comma-separated values (.csv) files.

You can further tweak the script to include or exclude any file type you want by editing the fifth line.

Tip: To make this macro available by default in all Excel Sheets, save the code in a workbook called “Personal.xlsb” in your XLSTART folder. This folder is located at: C:\Users\UserName\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Excel\XLSTART. Replace “UserName” in the path with your own Windows username.

That’s all.

In this post, we’ll be covering the following options:

• Allow Data Entry Only in Specific Cells in Excel
• Lock and Hide Formulas in Excel
• Protect Structure of an Excel Worksheet
• Mark Excel Workbook as Final
• Password Protect an Entire Excel Workbook File

How to Allow Data Entry Only in Specific Cells in Excel

We’ll start off by learning how to allow editing of specific cells in Excel, while all other cells remain locked and protected. This would also protect formatting of the cells you select while the users can add/edit content in the them.

Steps:
1. With the workbook open, select the cells you want to be editable.
2. Press Ctrl + 1 to open “Format Cells” dialog.
3. Switch to “Protection” tab in the dialog > Uncheck the “Locked” box, and then click the “OK” button.
4. Now go to “Review” tab > “Protect Sheet.”
5. Type-in a password to protect the sheet > Click “OK.” Password is optional.

That’s it. The worksheet is now protected, but the end user can still make modifications in the cells you have allowed them.

The pop-up dialog we saw in Step 3, allows even further fine-tuning of cell protection. For example, you can allow users to format cells without modifying the original content, or perhaps you can allow end users to insert additional rows and columns but not remove the original cells. These options can be achieved by customizing the selection in “Protect Sheet” dialog.

To unprotect a locked sheet, simply go to Review tab and click on “Unprotect Sheet.” If you had locked with a password, re-enter the password as well to remove the protection.

How to Lock and Hide Formulas in Excel

While sharing a spreadsheet, if you do not wish the end user to be able to view or edit the formulas used, you can hide them from appearing in the Formula Bar. Let’s look at how to achieve this.

Steps:
1. With the workbook open, select the cells containing the formula.
2. Press Ctrl+1 to open Format Cells dialog.
3. Switch to Protection tab in the dialog > Check the “Locked” and “Hidden” box, and then click the OK button.
4. Now go to Review tab > Protect Sheet.
5. Type-in a password to protect the sheet > Click OK.

You can allow users to enter data in other cells following the previous instructions.

How to Protect Structure of an Excel Worksheet

Now, let’s look at how we can protect the structure of an Excel workbook. With this enabled, the end user will not be able to add, delete, hide, unhide, or re-arrange sheets inside of the workbook. Follow these steps to enable “Protect Structure and Windows” protection:

Steps:
1. Open the Workbook you wish to protect.
2. Navigate to Review tab > Click on Protect Workbook.
3. Enter a password > Check the box for “Structure” > Click OK.

That’s it. The document is now protected.

To unprotect the workbook, simply click on the Protect Workbook button again and input the password.

How to Mark Excel Workbook as Final

The “Mark as Final” feature allows you to mark an Excel file as the final version. When this is enabled, the file switches to read-only mode, and the end user will have to re-enable editing if they wish to make edits. On opening the file, a soft warning is displayed at the top of the file as seen in the image above.

Steps:
1. Open the Workbook you wish to finalize.
2. Navigate to File tab > Choose Info tab.
3. Click on the Protect Workbook dropdown and choose Mark as Final.
4. You will get a prompt now > Confirm it and save the file.

How to Password Protect an Entire Excel Workbook File

Now, finally let’s look at how to protect an entire spreadsheet with a password to prevent others from opening it.

Steps:
1. Open the Workbook you wish to protect.
2. Navigate to File tab > Choose Info tab.
3. Click on the Protect Workbook dropdown and choose Encrypt with Password.
4. Type-in a password > Re-confirm it and click OK.

That’s all. Hope these tips help you in becoming an advanced Excel user and in protecting your data.

On most browsers, to pin a website, you just have to right-click on the website’s tab and select “Pin Tab.” If you regularly pin and unpin tabs, or if you primarily work on a laptop, using a quick keyboard shortcut to pin and unpin websites can be a real time and effort saver.

Assign Keyboard Shortcut to Pin Browser Tabs

In this post, we will be looking at how we can add a keyboard shortcut functionality to pin or unpin a website on Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, and Opera. These browsers do not have a built-in option to assign hotkeys to toggle pin/unpin tabs, but thankfully, there are browsers extensions to help us out here.

Keyboard Shortcut to Pin Google Chrome Tab

Earlier we had covered an extension called Shortkeys (Custom Keyboard Shortcuts) that allows users to add or customize default Chrome shortcuts. With Shortkeys you can add, disable, or change shortcut keys for most of the actions in Chrome. However, if you are looking for something simple that works straight out of the box, you can also have a look at Tab Pinner (Keyboard Shortcuts).

To start using Tab Pinner, just head over to Chrome Web Store and install the extension by clicking on the “Add to Chrome” button. Once installed, you just have to press Ctrl+Shift+X on your keyboard to pin any website. Here’s a small video demonstrating the feature:

Install: Tab Pinner (Keyboard Shortcuts)

Keyboard Shortcut to Pin Firefox Tab

In Firefox, we can make use of an aptly named add-on “Toggle Pin Tab” to pin/unpin the current website. To install it, go to the extension’s page on Firefox Add-ons repository and click on “Add to Firefox” button.

Once installed, you can any toggle the pin status of the current tab by simply pressing Alt+P on the keyboard.

Install: Toggle Pin Tab

Keyboard Shortcut to Pin Opera Tab

Even though Opera has built-in support for several advanced settings, it doesn’t offer one to toggle pin/unpin of a tab. Once again, we have a highly useful extension named “Shortkeys” to fix this.

To install Shortkeys, go to the Opera add-ons page for the extension and click on “Add to Opera” button.

Shortkeys requires a little amount of work before you can start using it. After installing, go to the extension’s options page to select a key binding, action, and site’s on which you’d like the hotkey to work.

For our use case, you could use something like Ctrl+Shift+X for key binding, “Pin/unpin tab” for action, and “All sites” for active on. Finally, click on “Save” button. To see if it works, simply open a new tab or refresh one of the tabs you already open, and press the newly assigned keyboard shortcut.

Shortkeys comes with an option to import and export settings. This could be useful if you have a lot of customized keyboard combinations.

Install: Shortkeys

Download and Install PowerShell Beautifier

PowerShell Beautifier is available in PowerShell Gallery. To install it, open PowerShell as an Administrator and type in below code:

Install-Module -Name PowerShell-Beautifier

Within a few seconds it would be downloaded and installed on your PC. To verify if the installation completed correctly, type in: Get-Help Edit-DTWBeautifyScript. You should be able to see a screen as below:

How to Use PowerShell Beautifier

PowerShell Beautifier supports several parameters:

• -SourcePath: Source file path
• -DestinationPath: Path to save file
• -IndentType: Tabs or spaces. Default is two spaces indent
• -StandardOutput or -StdOut: Get beautified code via stdout
• -NewLine: CRLF or LF style for newlines.

Before we start with the examples, please create a back up of your script files. Beautifier is programmed to rewrite to the final destination only if everything worked correctly; however, it’s always better to have a backup.

Beautify Single File

To use Beautifier, you just need to provide path to a script file. Be default, the source file is overwritten with two indent spaces:

Edit-DTWBeautifyScript C:\MyScripts\MyFile.ps1

We will see how to keep the source file intact and change indentation in the examples that follow.

Beautify Multiple PS Scripts in a Directory

We can run the utility on multiple scripts in a folder by filtering them based on the extension:

Get-ChildItem -Path C:\MyScripts -Include *.ps1,*.psm1 | Edit-DTWBeautifyScript

By using -Recurse parameter, this can be extended to subdirectories as well.

Use Tabs indentation

Don’t use spaces? Change indentation to Tabs with -IndentType parameter:

Edit-DTWBeautifyScript C:\MyScripts\MyFile.ps1 -IndentType Tabs

Save Formatted Code as New File

To keep the source file intact and save the clean version to a new file, specify -DestinationPath with the new file name:

Edit-DTWBeautifyScript -SourcePath C:\MyScripts\MyFile.ps1 -DestinationPath C:\MyScripts\MyCleanFile.ps1

Change New Line Style

By default, the beautifier uses the host OS’s style for newlines. To override this, use -NewLine:

Edit-DTWBeautifyScript C:\MyScripts\MyFile.ps1 -NewLine LF

Overall, Beautifier is a useful tool to run your code through before sharing or publishing online. It would make code easier to read and also standardize the format. Hit this link to get the latest version from PowerShell Gallery.

Copy Files and Rename Duplicate

This PowerShell code runs a search through each subfolder within the source directory and copies all files to the target directory. While doing so, if any file already exist in the destination directory, it would rename the duplicate file by appending a number – which is automatically incremented – before the extension.

function fcopy ($SourceDir,$DestinationDir)
{
	Get-ChildItem $SourceDir -Recurse | Where-Object { $_.PSIsContainer -eq $false } | ForEach-Object ($_) {
		$SourceFile = $_.FullName
		$DestinationFile = $DestinationDir + $_
		if (Test-Path $DestinationFile) {
			$i = 0
			while (Test-Path $DestinationFile) {
				$i += 1
				$DestinationFile = $DestinationDir + $_.basename + $i + $_.extension
			}
		} else {
			Copy-Item -Path $SourceFile -Destination $DestinationFile -Verbose -Force
		}
		Copy-Item -Path $SourceFile -Destination $DestinationFile -Verbose -Force
	}
}
fcopy -SourceDir "C:\Source\Directory\" -DestinationDir "C:\Destination\Directory\"

Script Breakdown

We start off by specifying the source and destination directory in this line:

fcopy -SourceDir "C:\Source\Directory\" -DestinationDir "C:\Destination\Directory\"

Next, on running the script, a list of files is created by recursively searching through the source directory. Folders are excluded here.

Get-ChildItem $SourceDir -Recurse | Where-Object { $_.PSIsContainer -eq $false } | ForEach-Object ($_)

Once we have a list of file names, we are using the Test-Path cmdlet to determine whether a file already exists in the destination.

if (Test-Path $DestinationFile)

If it doesn’t exist, the file is immediately copied to the target directory.

Copy-Item -Path $SourceFile -Destination $DestinationFile -Verbose -Force

Now, if a file does exist, script enters in a While loop.

while (Test-Path $DestinationFile) {
	$i += 1
	$DestinationFile = $DestinationDir + $_.basename + $i + $_.extension
}

In this loop, file name is altered by adding a number at the end, but before the extension. This loop keeps on running until the script finds a name that doesn’t match an existing file. For instance, if a file New.pdf already exists, it will rename the next file as New2.pdf and copy it. Subsequent files are named New3.pdf, New4.pdf, and so on.

We are using Test-Path here as the default behavior for Copy-Item is to overwrite files in the target folder. With Test-Path, we are preserving all existing files and copying over new files.

Move Files and Rename Duplicate

Instead of copy, if you are looking to move all files to a single folder, simply replace Copy-Item with Move-Item cmdlet in the script. That’d move all files and automatically rename duplicate.

Move Specific Files and Rename Duplicate

Using -Filter, we can filter specific files:

-Filter *.txt

-Filter accepts a single string. To add more than one filter, you can use -Include:

-Include *.txt, *.xls

This script is based on this post by Kris Powell where he shows how to copy individual files and rename duplicates.

Automatically Cycle Through Tabs in Any Browser

The problem with dedicated extensions is they are browser dependent. If you are looking for a universal solution that works with all browsers, here’s a useful PowerShell snippet.

while(1 -eq 1){
	$wshell=New-Object -ComObject wscript.shell;
	$wshell.AppActivate('Opera'); # Activate on Opera browser
	Sleep 5; # Interval (in seconds) between switch 
	$wshell.SendKeys('^{PGUP}'); # Ctrl + Page Up keyboard shortcut to switch tab
	$wshell.SendKeys('{F5}'); # F5 to refresh active page
}

When you run this script, PowerShell would switch focus to Opera browser and cycle through all open tabs with five second intervals. It would also reload the content of the active page each time.

Here, we have “Opera” in the code. You can as easily automatically cycle through tabs in Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Edge, or Internet Explorer. All you need to do is change $wshell.AppActivate('Opera'); with the browser you are using.

In the same way, you can alter the interval from 5 seconds to another one, for instance 30 seconds, based on the requirement by editing Sleep 5; value. Additionally, you have the option to disable the automatic reloading of pages when tabs get activated by simply commenting or removing the line $wshell.SendKeys('{F5}');.

By default, PowerShell switches to the last open browser window on executing the script. This can be changed to the window of interest by manually opening it.

The script is designed with multiple tabs in mind, but it can as well be used on a website that does not reload its content regularly. You can remove or comment out $wshell.SendKeys('^{PGUP}'); to auto reload pages after a specific time interval.

That’s all.

Open File at a Specific Line Number in Notepad++

We can control Notepad++ startup by passing the line number as an argument at launch time from the command line or via a shortcut. You can use the command-line option as following:

-n<line number>

For example, to open a file directly at line 1500, we can pass it as notepad++ filename -n1500.

To run this from command prompt, you can use this command:

start notepad++ "C:\Files\file.txt" -n1500

Open Multiple File at a Specific Line Number

In the same way, you can open multiple files at a specific line number like this:

start notepad++ -multiInst "C:\Files\file1.txt" -n1500
start notepad++ -multiInst "C:\Files\file2.txt" -n1000

By default Notepad++ runs in a single instance. -multiInst enables opening of multiple instances.

Create Desktop Shortcut to Open File at Specific Line

We can also create a desktop shortcut to the file by editing the target path as below. The target field should read something like:

"C:\Program Files (x86)\Notepad++\notepad++.exe" "C:\Files\file.txt" -n1500

Open Text File at a Specific Line Number with AutoHotkey

If you use AutoHotkey, we can create a shortcut to launch file at a specific line:

^!1::
Run, "C:\Program Files (x86)\Notepad++\notepad++.exe" "C:\Files\file.txt" -n99
Return

Similarly, we can set up hotkeys for multiple files and line numbers.

Notepad++ supports a lot of command line switches. These can be used to manipulate how a file opens:

• -alwaysOnTop: Opens file as topmost window
• -c<column number>: Scroll to particular <column number> in file
• -l<language>: Applies specified <language> syntax highlighting
• -multiInst: Launch multiple instances of Notepad++
• -n<line number>: Go to particular <line number> after opening
• -noPlugins: Disable all plugins for the specified file
• -nosession: Launch file in a blank session
• -notabbar: Disable tab interface
• -x<x-coordinate>: Position text file at a specific horizontal position on screen
• -y<y-coordinate>: Position file at a specific vertical position on screen

Control YouTube Playback in Chrome with AutoHotkey
Drop below script into your AHK file and reload it.

#Persistent
#NoEnv
#SingleInstance, Force
DetectHiddenWindows, On
SetWorkingDir %A_ScriptDir%
SetTitleMatchMode, 2
controlID 		:= 0
return

#IfWinNotActive, ahk_exe chrome.exe

; Play/pause
+!p::
	ControlGet, controlID, Hwnd,,Chrome_RenderWidgetHostHWND1, Google Chrome
	
	ControlFocus,,ahk_id %controlID%

	IfWinExist, YouTube
	{
		ControlSend, Chrome_RenderWidgetHostHWND1, k , Google Chrome
		return
	}
	Loop {
		IfWinExist, YouTube
			break

		ControlSend, , ^{PgUp} , Google Chrome
		sleep 150
	}
	ControlSend, , k , Google Chrome
return

; Next video in playlist
+!n::
	ControlGet, controlID, Hwnd,,Chrome_RenderWidgetHostHWND1, Google Chrome
	
	ControlFocus,,ahk_id %controlID%

	IfWinExist, YouTube
	{
		ControlSend, Chrome_RenderWidgetHostHWND1, +n , Google Chrome
		return
	}
	Loop {
		IfWinExist, YouTube
			break

		ControlSend, , ^{PgUp} , Google Chrome
		sleep 150
	}
	ControlSend, , +n , Google Chrome
return

; Previous video in playlist
+!b::
	ControlGet, controlID, Hwnd,,Chrome_RenderWidgetHostHWND1, Google Chrome
	
	ControlFocus,,ahk_id %controlID%

	IfWinExist, YouTube
	{
		ControlSend, Chrome_RenderWidgetHostHWND1, +p , Google Chrome
		return
	}
	Loop {
		IfWinExist, YouTube
			break

		ControlSend, , ^{PgUp} , Google Chrome
		sleep 150
	}
	ControlSend, , +p , Google Chrome
return

; Seek back
+!left::
	ControlGet, controlID, Hwnd,,Chrome_RenderWidgetHostHWND1, Google Chrome
	
	ControlFocus,,ahk_id %controlID%

	IfWinExist, YouTube
	{
		ControlSend, Chrome_RenderWidgetHostHWND1, j , Google Chrome
		return
	}
	Loop {
		IfWinExist, YouTube
			break

		ControlSend, , ^{PgUp} , Google Chrome
		sleep 150
	}
	ControlSend, , j , Google Chrome
return

; Seek forward
+!right::
	ControlGet, controlID, Hwnd,,Chrome_RenderWidgetHostHWND1, Google Chrome
	
	ControlFocus,,ahk_id %controlID%

	IfWinExist, YouTube
	{
		ControlSend, Chrome_RenderWidgetHostHWND1, l , Google Chrome
		return
	}
	Loop {
		IfWinExist, YouTube
			break

		ControlSend, , ^{PgUp} , Google Chrome
		sleep 150
	}
	ControlSend, , +l , Google Chrome
return

#IfWinNotActive

Five keyboard shortcuts are available here: play/pause, next video in playlist, and previous video in playlist, seek back, and seek forward. If you are playing a single video, the next video shortcut would simply start playing the next suggested video. I’ve commented each shortcut above. You can customize it as per your liking, and also remove a particular shortcut if you don’t plan on using it. To add a new shortcut, you can refer this page for the list of shortcuts supported by YouTube.

There are a few points to make note of while using this script due to restrictions implemented in Chrome:
1. If possible, have YouTube as the first tab. Not necessary, but I have seen this gives the fastest response.
2. Have all the tabs in a single Chrome window.