https://hdl.handle.net/10568/1From ILRI staff and projectsSat, 18 Apr 2026 02:19:20 GMT2026-04-18T02:19:20Z255101https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstreams/9f97aa30-76b2-4ec2-a8ad-12d91b05da3e/downloadhttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/1https://hdl.handle.net/10568/182534dc.title: PREZODE: a global co-designed collaboration for preventing zoonotic emergence dc.contributor.author: Lounnas, M.; Ayouba, A.; Bailly, X.; Banuls, A.-L.; Benavides, J.; Ben Salem, M.; Bohin, E.; Blandin, G.; Bordier, M.; Caron, Alexandre; Caceres, P.; Cardinale, E.; Cappelle, J.; Charbonnel, N.; Chiossi, S.; Chevalier, V.; Citti, C.; Le Coint, V.; Debnath, N.; De Nys, H.; Delabouglise, A.; Delaporte, E.; Diallo, A.; Duboz, R.; Ducatez, M.; Etter, E.; Garchitorena, A.; Guinat, C.; Goutard, F.L.; Gozlan, R.E.; Käsbohrer, A.; Laury, E.; Ladreyt, H.; Lefrançois, T.; Leger, E.; Miguel, E.; Morand, S.; Mugabe, P.; Olive, M.-M.; Purse, B.; Ross, E.; Scagliarini, A.; Shafiq, R.; Suzan, G.; Sironen, T.; Trouillet, M.; Hung Nguyen-Viet; Vourc’h, G.; Walzer, C.; Ward, J.; Soussana, J.-F.; Peyre, M.; Roche, B. dcterms.abstract: PREZODE is a global One Health initiative, involving scientists, communities, governments and practitioners, to prevent zoonotic epidemics and pandemics. Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/1825342026-04-14T00:00:00ZLounnas, M.Ayouba, A.Bailly, X.Banuls, A.-L.Benavides, J.Ben Salem, M.Bohin, E.Blandin, G.Bordier, M.Caron, AlexandreCaceres, P.Cardinale, E.Cappelle, J.Charbonnel, N.Chiossi, S.Chevalier, V.Citti, C.Le Coint, V.Debnath, N.De Nys, H.Delabouglise, A.Delaporte, E.Diallo, A.Duboz, R.Ducatez, M.Etter, E.Garchitorena, A.Guinat, C.Goutard, F.L.Gozlan, R.E.Käsbohrer, A.Laury, E.Ladreyt, H.Lefrançois, T.Leger, E.Miguel, E.Morand, S.Mugabe, P.Olive, M.-M.Purse, B.Ross, E.Scagliarini, A.Shafiq, R.Suzan, G.Sironen, T.Trouillet, M.Hung Nguyen-VietVourc’h, G.Walzer, C.Ward, J.Soussana, J.-F.Peyre, M.Roche, B.PREZODE is a global One Health initiative, involving scientists, communities, governments and practitioners, to prevent zoonotic epidemics and pandemics.https://hdl.handle.net/10568/182480dc.title: Gender and culture shape prosociality more than heat stress in a five-country experiment dc.contributor.author: Cassar, A.; Hobbs, Andrew; Anttila-Hughes, J.; Bogliacino, F.; Lybbert, Travis J.; Rojas, I.; Shikuku, Kelvin Mashisia; Chetwynd, J.; Cosgrove, J.; Courtman, A.; Hall, Andrew; Hermoso, S.; Klaus, S.; Sottile, A.; Tkachenko, N.; Wydick, Bruce dcterms.abstract: A consistent finding regarding human societies is that higher temperatures lead to antisocial behavior, including more crime, violence, aggression, and civil conflict. A large body of research documents this relationship at the societal level, but an understanding of the psychological and physiological mechanisms underpinning the effect of heat on antisocial behavior remains less understood. We present an experiment designed to isolate the impact of elevated temperatures on social preferences, namely egalitarianism, welfare maximization, selfishness, spite, and competitiveness. We exogenously varied temperatures across lab sessions in five countries in which randomly matched participants make incentivized distributional choices to others and decide whether to compete in a tournament. As an additional manipulation, we include a psychological stressor to potentially trigger an antisocial response when combined with higher temperatures. Our sessions were carried out with university student participants in Colombia, India, Kenya, Mexico, and the United States (N = 1, 636). We find that despite a strong negative effect on mood, elevated temperatures had little or no effect on social and economic preferences across countries, especially in comparison to the substantial and significant correlations we find with gender and culture. Future research should more closely examine the alternative channels through which elevated temperatures negatively impact social behavior. Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/1824802026-03-10T00:00:00ZCassar, A.Hobbs, AndrewAnttila-Hughes, J.Bogliacino, F.Lybbert, Travis J.Rojas, I.Shikuku, Kelvin MashisiaChetwynd, J.Cosgrove, J.Courtman, A.Hall, AndrewHermoso, S.Klaus, S.Sottile, A.Tkachenko, N.Wydick, BruceA consistent finding regarding human societies is that higher temperatures lead to antisocial behavior, including more crime, violence, aggression, and civil conflict. A large body of research documents this relationship at the societal level, but an understanding of the psychological and physiological mechanisms underpinning the effect of heat on antisocial behavior remains less understood. We present an experiment designed to isolate the impact of elevated temperatures on social preferences, namely egalitarianism, welfare maximization, selfishness, spite, and competitiveness. We exogenously varied temperatures across lab sessions in five countries in which randomly matched participants make incentivized distributional choices to others and decide whether to compete in a tournament. As an additional manipulation, we include a psychological stressor to potentially trigger an antisocial response when combined with higher temperatures. Our sessions were carried out with university student participants in Colombia, India, Kenya, Mexico, and the United States (N = 1, 636). We find that despite a strong negative effect on mood, elevated temperatures had little or no effect on social and economic preferences across countries, especially in comparison to the substantial and significant correlations we find with gender and culture. Future research should more closely examine the alternative channels through which elevated temperatures negatively impact social behavior.https://hdl.handle.net/10568/182468dc.title: Institutional Research Ethics Forms (IREC): Applicant Training Manual—ILRI Research Compliance Online Platform (Infonetica) dc.contributor.author: International Livestock Research Institute Tue, 16 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMThttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/1824682024-04-16T00:00:00ZInternational Livestock Research Institutehttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/182467dc.title: Institutional Biosafety Committee Forms (IBC): Applicant Training Manual—ILRI Research Compliance Online Platform (Infonetica) dc.contributor.author: International Livestock Research Institute Tue, 16 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMThttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/1824672024-04-16T00:00:00ZInternational Livestock Research Institutehttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/182466dc.title: Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Forms (IACUC): Applicant Training Manual—ILRI Research Compliance Online Platform (Infonetica) dc.contributor.author: International Livestock Research Institute Tue, 16 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMThttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/1824662024-04-16T00:00:00ZInternational Livestock Research Institutehttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/182465dc.title: Research Compliance Form (Project Level): Applicant Training Manual—ILRI Research Compliance Online Platform (Infonetica) dc.contributor.author: International Livestock Research Institute Tue, 16 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMThttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/1824652024-04-16T00:00:00ZInternational Livestock Research Institutehttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/182461dc.title: Community-based rangeland health (for One Health) on the edge of Kafue National Park in Zambia dc.contributor.author: Bichat, G.; Dupon, L.; Shandomo, F.; Kasama, B.; Delesalle, V.; Caron, Alexandre dcterms.abstract: In the Kafue flats of Western Zambia, Ila and Tonga livelihoods are based on agro-pastoral practices centred on cattle production representing the basis for cultural, social, agricultural and economic practices. Up to four decades ago, herds were transhumant within a community, and movements were decided by traditional authorities. This system has gradually been lost due to various multifactorial changes. Epidemics among communal cattle herds (especially tick-borne diseases), a more individualistic lifestyle, and increasing pressure on natural resources caused by population and livestock growth have weakened community management. However, the current organization faces new challenges, including human-wildlife conflicts, declining grazing quality, anthropogenic fires in grazing areas, and conflicts over the use of grazing resources. Agro-pastoral farmers struggle facing these emerging and complex challenges on their own. Melindika is a French solidarity organization created in 2016 by two veterinarians. After initial engagement with Ila and Tonga communities, it became clear that key for the sustainability of the Kafue flats was the support to local livelihoods crafted in indigenous cultures and knowledge systems but facing multiple challenges. Interventions were to promote decent livelihoods embedded in a bio- and culturally diverse territory. Melindika initially used a community-based approach for improving animal health and nutrition through the development of local private veterinary services to move towards income-generating livestock farming that respects natural resources (i.e., rangeland and wildlife). Through a dedicated and long-term participatory approach, an observational attitude and a gradual understanding of the knowledge and practices surrounding the dynamics of local natural resources and the challenges associated with their multiple uses, it became clear that the farmers’ challenges were caused by the intertwining of social characteristics (management of natural resources by farmers) and the ecological characteristics of the social-ecological system (SES). It was hypothesized that a change in the grazing management system could promote the improvement of natural resources and animal production. In order to develop a coherent organization for herd management, Melindika relied on farmers and various stakeholders in the governance system to define the stages and actions of the project, based on the emergence of a communal vision of the territory and its resource dynamics and use. Finally, this joint effort, driven by a holistic One Health approach, has led to the development of grazing management committees (GMCs), integrated into local governance, which are working to implement long-term community actions by drawing up collective management rules. Mon, 13 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/1824612026-04-13T00:00:00ZBichat, G.Dupon, L.Shandomo, F.Kasama, B.Delesalle, V.Caron, AlexandreIn the Kafue flats of Western Zambia, Ila and Tonga livelihoods are based on agro-pastoral practices centred on cattle production representing the basis for cultural, social, agricultural and economic practices. Up to four decades ago, herds were transhumant within a community, and movements were decided by traditional authorities. This system has gradually been lost due to various multifactorial changes. Epidemics among communal cattle herds (especially tick-borne diseases), a more individualistic lifestyle, and increasing pressure on natural resources caused by population and livestock growth have weakened community management. However, the current organization faces new challenges, including human-wildlife conflicts, declining grazing quality, anthropogenic fires in grazing areas, and conflicts over the use of grazing resources. Agro-pastoral farmers struggle facing these emerging and complex challenges on their own. Melindika is a French solidarity organization created in 2016 by two veterinarians. After initial engagement with Ila and Tonga communities, it became clear that key for the sustainability of the Kafue flats was the support to local livelihoods crafted in indigenous cultures and knowledge systems but facing multiple challenges. Interventions were to promote decent livelihoods embedded in a bio- and culturally diverse territory. Melindika initially used a community-based approach for improving animal health and nutrition through the development of local private veterinary services to move towards income-generating livestock farming that respects natural resources (i.e., rangeland and wildlife). Through a dedicated and long-term participatory approach, an observational attitude and a gradual understanding of the knowledge and practices surrounding the dynamics of local natural resources and the challenges associated with their multiple uses, it became clear that the farmers’ challenges were caused by the intertwining of social characteristics (management of natural resources by farmers) and the ecological characteristics of the social-ecological system (SES). It was hypothesized that a change in the grazing management system could promote the improvement of natural resources and animal production. In order to develop a coherent organization for herd management, Melindika relied on farmers and various stakeholders in the governance system to define the stages and actions of the project, based on the emergence of a communal vision of the territory and its resource dynamics and use. Finally, this joint effort, driven by a holistic One Health approach, has led to the development of grazing management committees (GMCs), integrated into local governance, which are working to implement long-term community actions by drawing up collective management rules.https://hdl.handle.net/10568/182460dc.title: Epidemiological and molecular characterization of Rift Valley fever outbreak in livestock in Burundi, May - November 2022 dc.contributor.author: Nkundwanayo, C.; Niyokwizera, P.; Ntunzwenimana, M.; Ntirandekura, J.B.; Ntawuyankira, N.; Tran, A.; Cêtre-Sossah, C.; Nyabongo, Lionel; Juma, John; Korir, Max; Mwangi, Reuben; Bett, Bernard K. dcterms.abstract: An outbreak of Rift Valley fever (RVF) was officially reported for the first time in Burundi on 10th May 2022. The outbreak originated in the northern provinces and progressively spread to other regions of the country. This study presents (i) epidemiological investigations that were carried out through a countrywide emergency response and (ii) the characterization of the genotype of the RVF virus that caused the outbreak through phylogenetic analyses. Field teams visited each affected farm, collected data on observed syndromes, species and number of animals affected, farm’s locations, and herd size. Blood, serum and tissue samples were collected from selected clinical cases. Epidemiological data were analyzed using R (version 4.4.2) to determine the spatiotemporal distribution of cases. Mixed effects Poisson regression models were fitted to the data to identify risk factors. A total of 1,739 clinical cases were recorded. Of 100 samples collected and screened using Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), 36 tested positives. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the outbreak was caused by an RVFV strain of lineage C, sub-clade C.2.2 of the dominant lineage that was circulating in East Africa, with a close relationship to RVFV that was isolated in Rwanda in 2022. Epidemiological analyses revealed the northeastern region as the epicenter of the outbreak. Multivariable analyses showed that increased RVF cases were significantly associated with high and persistent rainfall and an upsurge in the minimum temperatures that occurred 3–4 months earlier. The analyses conducted provided insights on the risk of RVF in the country. The results would help the development of risk maps and other decision support tools that would be used to manage future risks of the disease. Fri, 10 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/1824602026-04-10T00:00:00ZNkundwanayo, C.Niyokwizera, P.Ntunzwenimana, M.Ntirandekura, J.B.Ntawuyankira, N.Tran, A.Cêtre-Sossah, C.Nyabongo, LionelJuma, JohnKorir, MaxMwangi, ReubenBett, Bernard K.An outbreak of Rift Valley fever (RVF) was officially reported for the first time in Burundi on 10th May 2022. The outbreak originated in the northern provinces and progressively spread to other regions of the country. This study presents (i) epidemiological investigations that were carried out through a countrywide emergency response and (ii) the characterization of the genotype of the RVF virus that caused the outbreak through phylogenetic analyses. Field teams visited each affected farm, collected data on observed syndromes, species and number of animals affected, farm’s locations, and herd size. Blood, serum and tissue samples were collected from selected clinical cases. Epidemiological data were analyzed using R (version 4.4.2) to determine the spatiotemporal distribution of cases. Mixed effects Poisson regression models were fitted to the data to identify risk factors. A total of 1,739 clinical cases were recorded. Of 100 samples collected and screened using Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), 36 tested positives. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the outbreak was caused by an RVFV strain of lineage C, sub-clade C.2.2 of the dominant lineage that was circulating in East Africa, with a close relationship to RVFV that was isolated in Rwanda in 2022. Epidemiological analyses revealed the northeastern region as the epicenter of the outbreak. Multivariable analyses showed that increased RVF cases were significantly associated with high and persistent rainfall and an upsurge in the minimum temperatures that occurred 3–4 months earlier. The analyses conducted provided insights on the risk of RVF in the country. The results would help the development of risk maps and other decision support tools that would be used to manage future risks of the disease.https://hdl.handle.net/10568/182459dc.title: Serological investigation of major respiratory viruses in sheep in North Shewa, Ethiopia: Parainfluenza virus, bluetongue virus, maedi-visna virus and peste des petits ruminants virus dc.contributor.author: Alamerew, E.A.; Gemeda, Biruk A.; Wondifra, Y.; Asfaw, T.; Aklilu, F.; Ayele, F.; Demis, C.; Aydefruhim, D.; Yitagesu, E. dcterms.abstract: Background: Respiratory diseases significantly affect small ruminants, leading to considerable illness and mortality. These conditions are often multifactorial, resulting from interactions among pathogens, host immunity and environmental stressors. Objective: This study aimed to detect antibodies against major respiratory viruses, bluetongue virus (BTV), maedi-visna virus (MVV), parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI-3) and Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) in sheep from the North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional serological survey was conducted between September and November 2018, involving 135 sheep from the Menz-Mama and Menz-Gera districts. Serum samples were analysed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA): competitive ELISA for BTV and PPRV and indirect ELISA for MVV and PI-3. Data were analysed using STATA software, and descriptive statistics were used to estimate the frequency of antibodies against the target viruses. Results: PI-3 showed the highest seropositivity (60.74%), followed by PPRV (27.41%), BTV (12.59%) and MVV (8.15%). Overall, 76.3% of sheep had antibodies to at least one virus, 26.67% to two viruses and 2.22% to three. In Menz-Mama, among 64 sheep tested, 3.13% were seropositive for MVV and PPRV, 37.5% for PI-3 and 18.75% for BTV. A total of 57.81% had antibodies to at least one virus and 3.13% to two. In Menz-Gera, higher seroprevalence was observed: 12.68% for MVV, 81.69% for PI-3, 49.3% for PPRV and 7.04% for BTV. A total of 92.96% of sheep had antibodies to at least one virus, 47.89% to two and 4.23% to three, indicating substantial viral exposure and potential co-infection. Conclusions: These findings indicate widespread circulation of respiratory viruses, with PI-3 being the most seroprevalent. Integrated control measures, including enhanced surveillance, targeted vaccination and improved husbandry practices, are urgently needed to reduce the disease burden and support sustainable sheep farming in the region. Fri, 01 May 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/1824592026-05-01T00:00:00ZAlamerew, E.A.Gemeda, Biruk A.Wondifra, Y.Asfaw, T.Aklilu, F.Ayele, F.Demis, C.Aydefruhim, D.Yitagesu, E.Background: Respiratory diseases significantly affect small ruminants, leading to considerable illness and mortality. These conditions are often multifactorial, resulting from interactions among pathogens, host immunity and environmental stressors. Objective: This study aimed to detect antibodies against major respiratory viruses, bluetongue virus (BTV), maedi-visna virus (MVV), parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI-3) and Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) in sheep from the North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional serological survey was conducted between September and November 2018, involving 135 sheep from the Menz-Mama and Menz-Gera districts. Serum samples were analysed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA): competitive ELISA for BTV and PPRV and indirect ELISA for MVV and PI-3. Data were analysed using STATA software, and descriptive statistics were used to estimate the frequency of antibodies against the target viruses. Results: PI-3 showed the highest seropositivity (60.74%), followed by PPRV (27.41%), BTV (12.59%) and MVV (8.15%). Overall, 76.3% of sheep had antibodies to at least one virus, 26.67% to two viruses and 2.22% to three. In Menz-Mama, among 64 sheep tested, 3.13% were seropositive for MVV and PPRV, 37.5% for PI-3 and 18.75% for BTV. A total of 57.81% had antibodies to at least one virus and 3.13% to two. In Menz-Gera, higher seroprevalence was observed: 12.68% for MVV, 81.69% for PI-3, 49.3% for PPRV and 7.04% for BTV. A total of 92.96% of sheep had antibodies to at least one virus, 47.89% to two and 4.23% to three, indicating substantial viral exposure and potential co-infection. Conclusions: These findings indicate widespread circulation of respiratory viruses, with PI-3 being the most seroprevalent. Integrated control measures, including enhanced surveillance, targeted vaccination and improved husbandry practices, are urgently needed to reduce the disease burden and support sustainable sheep farming in the region.https://hdl.handle.net/10568/182458dc.title: A rapid tool for understanding how knowledge users engage with research findings in research-for-development contexts dc.contributor.author: Lam, Steven; Hoffmann, Vivian; Otoigo, Lilian; Hung Nguyen-Viet dcterms.abstract: Promoting the use of research findings in development projects is essential but often overlooked during study design. Existing frameworks for research use tend to focus on clinical settings and offer questionable applicability to development contexts, which are typically nonlinear, dynamic and cross-sectoral. As a result, there remains a gap in tools that can capture how evidence is intended to be applied by diverse knowledge users in real-world development settings. To address this gap, and drawing on over a decade of experience implementing research-to-action strategies, our objective is to develop a simple research uptake and use tool to better understand and support the use of evidence in research-for-development. We piloted the tool immediately after or 1 month following dissemination workshops, engaging 206 participants across nine sessions in five countries – Kenya, Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Malawi, and Vietnam – to gather insights on which evidence was most relevant, how participants intended to apply it and why they valued it. Although conceptualized with a focus on agriculture and global health research, this framework is broadly applicable across the wider development sector in low- and middle-income countries. cg.contributor.initiative: One Health cg.contributor.programAccelerator: Sustainable Animal and Aquatic Foods Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://hdl.handle.net/10568/1824582026-01-01T00:00:00ZLam, StevenHoffmann, VivianOtoigo, LilianHung Nguyen-VietPromoting the use of research findings in development projects is essential but often overlooked during study design. Existing frameworks for research use tend to focus on clinical settings and offer questionable applicability to development contexts, which are typically nonlinear, dynamic and cross-sectoral. As a result, there remains a gap in tools that can capture how evidence is intended to be applied by diverse knowledge users in real-world development settings. To address this gap, and drawing on over a decade of experience implementing research-to-action strategies, our objective is to develop a simple research uptake and use tool to better understand and support the use of evidence in research-for-development. We piloted the tool immediately after or 1 month following dissemination workshops, engaging 206 participants across nine sessions in five countries – Kenya, Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Malawi, and Vietnam – to gather insights on which evidence was most relevant, how participants intended to apply it and why they valued it. Although conceptualized with a focus on agriculture and global health research, this framework is broadly applicable across the wider development sector in low- and middle-income countries.