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	<title>Der Produktmanager</title>
	
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		<title>Das Geheimnis der Kennzahlen</title>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Aug 2010 19:01:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Rudolph</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Kommunikation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Literatur]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Marktdaten]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.produkt-manager.net/?p=3088</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Hier ein paar nachdenkenswerte Entwicklungen aus dem Wissensgebiet des betrieblichen Rechnungswesens, die heute im Handelsblatt zu lesen waren]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Copyright &copy; 2010 <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net" onclick="">Andreas Rudolph</a>. Visit the original article at <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/das-geheimnis-der-kennzahlen/" onclick="">http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/das-geheimnis-der-kennzahlen/</a>.<br /><p><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_MA-8.jpg" onclick=""><img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-2991" title="Sommer in Mannheim" src="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_MA-8-300x200.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="200" /></a>Hier ein paar nachdenkenswerte Entwicklungen aus dem Wissensgebiet des betrieblichen Rechnungswesens, die heute im Handelsblatt zu lesen waren (→ <a href="http://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/nachrichten/bilanzierung-das-geheimnis-der-kennzahlen;2638667" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.handelsblatt.com');" target="_blank">Das Geheimnis der Kennzahlen</a>).</p>
<h2>Der Wandel der Kennzahl</h2>
<p>Lange war es üblich die Zukunft einer Firma anhand von Kennzahlen zu beurteilen. Aus diesen Kennzahlen hat man sogar konkrete Handlungsanweisungen abgeleitet. Eine sehr beliebte Empfehlung war, daß Verhältnis zwischen Gemeinkosten und Umsatz möglichst klein zu halten, d.h. möglichst an unproduktiven Ausgaben zu sparen, wie zum Beispiel der Ausbildung der Mitarbeiter.</p>
<p>Nun hat man &#8211; insbesondere und gerade in der aktuellen Wirtschaftskrise &#8211; festgestellt, daß Unternehmen auch dann Ihre Gewinne steigern konnten, als sich dieses Verhältnis verschlechtert hat. Eine zu enge Sicht auf die Kennzahlen ist heute zuletzt deshalb aus der Mode gekommen, wie der Artikel vermeldet:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Kennzahlen isoliert zu betrachten, um daraus Schlüsse über künftige Gewinne eines Unternehmens zu ziehen, ist aus der Mode geraten. Spitzenforscher sind sich heute einig: Wer wissen will, wie es wirklich um einen Konzern steht, muss analysieren, in welchem Verhältnis verschiedene Kennzahlen zueinander stehen und wie ein Unternehmen innerhalb seiner Branche positioniert ist.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>Nicht zuletzt die Entwicklungen, die in der Wirtschaftskrise stattgefunden haben, haben die Fachwelt vorsichtiger gemacht:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Dass die Realität andere Ergebnisse liefert als die theoretisch hergeleiteten, alt-ehrwürdigen Bilanzierungs-Gesetzmäßigkeiten, hat den Wissenschaftler nachdenklich gemacht. „Kennzahlen sind kein Allheilmittel, sie haben enge Grenzen, die uns bewusst sein müssen“, sagt Küting.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>Sie fragen sich vielleicht, was diese Veränderung mit dem Produktmanagement zu tun hat? Für mich ist es der folgende Absatz, weil er bedeutet, daß die Langfristigkeit in das Denken zurückkehrt:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Ihn machte skeptisch, dass die Vertriebs- und Verwaltungskosten auch Investitionskomponenten enthalten – also Ausgaben, die einem Unternehmen künftig zugute kommen können, &#8230;. Um ihrem Anfangsverdacht, dass da „irgendetwas nicht stimmen kann“, nachzugehen, werteten Homburg, seine Mitarbeiterin Ute Bonenkamp und der Doktorand Daniel Baumgarten, der Hauptautor der Studie, die Bilanzen von über 5 500 US-Unternehmen über einen Beobachtungszeitraum von 22 Jahren aus. Die Forscher kamen zu einem überraschenden Schluss: Bei zwei von drei Unternehmen wirkte sich ein Anstieg der SG&amp;A-Kennzahl positiv auf die künftigen Gewinne aus.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<h2>Weiterführende Informationen</h2>
<p>In den folgenden Artikeln finden Sie weiterführende Informationen zum heutigen Thema</p>
<ul>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/lessons-learning-from-the-failure-of-general-motors/" onclick="">Lessons Learning from the Failure of General Motors</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/lessons-learning-from-the-failure-of-general-motors/" onclick=""></a>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/the-strategic-role-of-product-management/" onclick="">The Strategic Role of Product Management</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Hier können Sie meinen Blog abonnieren, um regelmäßig über neue Artikel benachrichtig zu werden → <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/DerProduktmanager" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/feeds.feedburner.com');" target="_blank">Mailingliste</a>. Oder, → <a href="http://www.twitter.com/ProdMgrNet" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.twitter.com');" target="_blank">folgen Sie mir einfach auf Twitter</a>, oder gehen sie auf → <a href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/Produkt-Manager/130288313671652" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.facebook.com');">meine neue Facebook-Seite</a>, um regelmäßig Nachrichten zu erhalten.</p>



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		<title>What Is Customer Opinion Good For?</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/DerProduktmanager/~3/vumRZDY-9jY/</link>
		<comments>http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/what-is-customer-opinion-good-for/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Aug 2010 18:30:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Rudolph</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[English Content]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Innovation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rolle des PM]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ungefiltert]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.produkt-manager.net/?p=3086</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[James Heskett is a Baker Foundation Professor, Emeritus, at Harvard Business School. He asks in his newest article → What Is Customer Opinion Good For?

With this provocative question he starts an interesting discussion among his readers about the topics innovation, and customer intimacy. In addition can you find in these answers a large amount of supplemental information]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Copyright &copy; 2010 <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net" onclick="">Andreas Rudolph</a>. Visit the original article at <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/what-is-customer-opinion-good-for/" onclick="">http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/what-is-customer-opinion-good-for/</a>.<br /><p><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_MA-11.jpg" onclick=""><img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-2990" title="Sommer in Mannheim" src="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_MA-11-300x200.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="200" /></a>James Heskett is a Baker Foundation Professor, Emeritus, at Harvard Business School. He asks in his newest article → <a href="http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/6458.html?wknews=082310" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/hbswk.hbs.edu');">What Is Customer Opinion Good For?</a> and explains his question as follows:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;I have no particular brief for traditional marketing research. But is there a pattern here? Is it possible that &#8220;asking the customer&#8221; about anything of strategic importance is on the wane? If so, what are the implications for customers as well as those selling to them? What is customer opinion good for? What do you think?&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>With this provocative question he starts an interesting discussion among his readers about the topics <em>innovation</em>, and <em>customer intimacy</em>. In addition can you find in these answers a large amount of supplemental information.</p>
<h2>My view</h2>
<p>In general, I think that it is very important to know your customers, and to learn about their problems and issues. So yes, you are supposed to ask customers. However, in  terms of the importance of customer intimacy, I think that it very much depends on the development, which you plan, how helpful customer intimacy actually is.</p>
<p>If you intend to improve an existing product, you probably need much, and very accurate information about customer preferences. On the other hand your customers are used to the products, and they own the data, which you are looking for.</p>
<p>However, if you intend to offer a disruptive product, you might find that customers do not know the answer either. In this case they are the wrong source of information. Here your own developers and your own knowledge about market demand and technological capabilities are.</p>
<p>I think, the following reply to Heskett&#8217;s article puts it best:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;The why, when and how of listening to the customer is worthy of on-going analysis and discussion. There are critical questions to be asked about whether the product is evolutionary or disruptive. More appropriately the question may really be, &#8220;Will this product be marketed as a disruptive product or fit with customer&#8217;s paradigms?&#8221;. Customer feedback is always important, but the weighting of that voice should vary greatly.</p>
<p>If a product is being positioned as evolutionary (possibly much larger value add, but same paradigm for customer) then the customers&#8217; voice should probably be weighted heavily. If it&#8217;s to be a disruptive product, I&#8217;d suggest the customers&#8217; feedback should also be abstracted to a slightly higher level.&#8221; - reply 17 Jonathan Hinkle in → <a href="http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/6458.html?wknews=082310" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/hbswk.hbs.edu');">What Is Customer Opinion Good For?</a></p></blockquote>
<h2><strong>Further Information</strong></h2>
<div>
<p>In my following articles you can find  additional, and related reading:</p>
<ul>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/beneficial-innovation-strategy/" onclick="">Beneficial Innovation Strategies</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/beneficial-innovation-strategy/" onclick=""></a>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/the-innovators-paradox/" onclick="">The Innovator’s Paradox</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/the-innovators-paradox/" onclick=""></a>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/innovation-the-innovators-dilemma/" onclick="">Innovation – The Innovator’s Dilemma</a></li>
</ul>
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		<title>Secrets to Creating a Culture of Innovation</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/DerProduktmanager/~3/vzYnEKZoYW0/</link>
		<comments>http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/secrets-to-creating-a-culture-of-innovation/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 20 Aug 2010 18:40:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Rudolph</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[English Content]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Innovation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kreativität]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ungefiltert]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[PM Strategie]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Positioning]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.produkt-manager.net/?p=3071</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[These days have I seen an interesting Article in the Harvard Business Review, which deals with my favorite topic "innovation".

I had to look twice, but in reality this article was not about innovation, but about ideation. As many people use a wrong definition, I thought it might be a good idea to (again) look into the definitions]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Copyright &copy; 2010 <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net" onclick="">Andreas Rudolph</a>. Visit the original article at <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/secrets-to-creating-a-culture-of-innovation/" onclick="">http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/secrets-to-creating-a-culture-of-innovation/</a>.<br /><p><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/VoelkHuette-5.jpg" onclick=""><img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-2791" title="VoelkHuette-5" src="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/VoelkHuette-5-300x201.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="201" /></a>These days have I seen an interesting Article in the Harvard Business Review, which deals with my favorite topic &#8220;innovation&#8221;.</p>
<p>I had to look twice, but in reality this article was not about innovation, but about ideation. As many people use a wrong definition, I thought it might be a good idea to (again) look into the definitions.</p>
<h2>Six Secrets to Creating a Culture of Innovation</h2>
<p>Here the article&#8230;. Emerging from a study with several CEOs, the article → <a href="http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2010/08/six_invisible_secrets_to_a_cul.html" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/blogs.hbr.org');" target="_blank">Six Secrets to Creating a Culture of Innovation</a> understands the following elements as &#8220;innovation&#8221;:</p>
<ol>
<blockquote>
<li><strong>Meet People&#8217;s Needs</strong>. &#8230;.</li>
<li><strong>Teach Creativity Systematically</strong>. &#8230;.</li>
<li><strong>Nurture Passion</strong>. &#8230;.</li>
<li><strong>Make the Work Matter</strong>. &#8230;.</li>
<li><strong>Provide the Time</strong>. &#8230;.</li>
<li><strong>Value Renewal</strong>. &#8230;.</li>
</blockquote>
</ol>
<div>
<p>If you take a closer look to the text, you will see that important elements are missing, because the article just talks about the ideation, and does not even mention the creation and delivery of products.</p>
<p>To see my problem with this definition, take a closer look to Schumpeter&#8217;s definition (he  has defined the term Innovation). You will seen that innovation (only) takes place if ideas are implemented in a product, which is used by customers:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Im engeren Sinne resultieren Innovationen erst dann aus Ideen, wenn diese in neue Produkte, Dienstleistungen oder Verfahren umgesetzt werden (<a title="Invention" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invention" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/de.wikipedia.org');">Invention</a>), die tatsächlich erfolgreiche Anwendung finden und den Markt durchdringen (<a title="Diffusion" href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/de.wikipedia.org');">Diffusion</a>).<span>&#8221; &#8211; </span><a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innovation" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/de.wikipedia.org');" target="_blank">http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innovation</a></p>
<p>(in short: Innovation = ideas are implemented in a product, which is used by customers)</p></blockquote>
<h2>How to become innovative?</h2>
<p>To become an innovative company, you need the following ingredients:</p>
<ol>
<li>Processes, which successfully deliver ideas</li>
<li>A translation of ideas in products that customers want to buy.</li>
<li>Qualities that allow these products to be adapted by real customers.</li>
</ol>
<p>To improve the idea creation, the abovementioned tips in the HBR article are perfect.</p>
<p>To translate ideas into products (point 2) you need different characteristics. In the following articles you can read which:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;So what does work in the innovation game? No single formula, to be sure. But some recent interviews with executives, consultants and academics can be distilled into three recommendations: think broadly, borrow from the entrepreneurial Silicon Valley model, and pay close attention to customers and to emerging user needs.&#8221; → <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/15/business/15unboxed.html" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.nytimes.com');" target="_blank">Innovate, Yes, but Make It Practical</a></p></blockquote>
<p>The adaption of products (pt 3) has different parts. In particular in the software space, the functionality and the quality of your products are important.</p>
<p>Particular examples the following elements:</p>
<div>
<div>
<ol>
<li>Value to the customer &#8211; Each feature must deliver  value to the customer, and thus, needs to improve something for him (for this you need to know the requirements).</li>
<li>Quality and stability - Quality is one of the most important parts of any software application, as features can only deliver their functional values, if they can  be installed and used without problem</li>
<li>Usability &#8211; To be used, it must be possible for users to understand and use each feature and the entire software needs.</li>
</ol>
<p>In summary: You need an organization, which is equally capable to creating and delivering good products and services, and which is creative.</p>
<h2><strong>Further Information</strong></h2>
<div>
<p>In my following articles you can find  additional, and related reading:</p>
<ul>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/artikelempfehlungen/" onclick="">Artikelempfehlungen</a></li>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/the-innovators-paradox/" onclick="">The Innovator’s Paradox</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Here you can subscribe to my blog, and you will receive regular notifications, once an update is published: → <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/DerProduktmanager" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/feeds.feedburner.com');" target="_blank">Mailinglist</a>. If you are interested in regular information, you can → <a href="http://www.twitter.com/ProdMgrNet" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.twitter.com');" target="_blank">follow me on Twitter</a>, or you → <a href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/Produkt-Manager/130288313671652" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.facebook.com');">become a fan on my Facebook-Page</a>.</p>
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		<title>Google and the Myth of Free Time</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/DerProduktmanager/~3/RYPfXBQZlM0/</link>
		<comments>http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/google-and-the-myth-of-free-time/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 17 Aug 2010 16:39:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Rudolph</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Corporate Strategy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[English Content]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Kreativität]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ungefiltert]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Agile Development]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[PM Strategie]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.produkt-manager.net/?p=3059</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Google is known as a very innovative company. In particular their innovation friday is famous. Here in my blog, I have written several articles, in which I discuss the usefulness of this approach.

In his article in the Harvard Business Review → Google and the Myth of Free Time, Chris Trimble writes about this strategy as well. In contrast to me and others, he basically does not think very positive about Google'a approach to foster innovation.

Using my experiences with both, a similar approach, and the development of innovative products, I would like to comment on his article.
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Copyright &copy; 2010 <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net" onclick="">Andreas Rudolph</a>. Visit the original article at <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/google-and-the-myth-of-free-time/" onclick="">http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/google-and-the-myth-of-free-time/</a>.<br /><p><img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-2985" title="Macro und Lensbaby" src="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_Macro-18-200x300.jpg" alt="" width="200" height="300" />Google is known as a very innovative company. In particular is their strategy famous that allows each employee to invest 20% of the working time into unconditional work, or into projects that are neither predefined, nor governed (Innovation Friday).</p>
<p>Here in my blog, I have written several articles, in which I discuss the usefulness of this approach.</p>
<p>In his article in the Harvard Business Review → <a href="http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2010/08/free_time_innovation.html" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/blogs.hbr.org');" target="_blank">Google and the Myth of Free Time</a>, Chris Trimble writes about this strategy as well. In contrast to me and others, he basically does not think very positive about Google&#8217;a approach to foster innovation.</p>
<p>Using my experiences with both, a similar approach, and the development of innovative products, I would like to comment on his article.</p>
<h2>The Ideas</h2>
<p>Chris Trimble argues in his article that Google&#8217;s innovation approach can not work, as it is far to exensive, and as the individual employees do not have sufficient capacity to really create more than a vast amount of abundant ideas, which will never flow into real products:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;But my answer to their question about the 20 percent policy is always the same: It sounds expensive. Very expensive&#8230;&#8230;</p>
<p>Could it be worth it? Will the investment pay off in the long run?</p>
<p>Unfortunately, it probably won&#8217;t. To see why, you have to recognize that innovation is a two-part adventure. First, you have to come up with a great idea. Second, you have to execute it. My co-author Vijay Govindarajan and I refer to that second step as the other side of innovation because it is often underappreciated or even completely overlooked.</p>
<p>The problem with the 20 percent policy is that it&#8217;s likely to generate a great deal of activity on the idea side of innovation and very little on the execution side — the other side&#8230;.&#8221;  → <a href="http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2010/08/free_time_innovation.html" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/blogs.hbr.org');" target="_blank">Google and the Myth of Free Time</a>.</p></blockquote>
<h2>My Experiences</h2>
<p>I think that Trimble does not consider all elements of Google&#8217;s innovation practice, and erronously reaches to a limited conclusion. In particular, I think that Google&#8217;s innovation concept needs to be viewed much broader than just limiting it to &#8220;costs&#8221; of 20%, and &#8220;employees that can not transfer their ideas to working products&#8221;.</p>
<p>Here are some reasons why the concept can not viewed as limited as Trimble does.</p>
<h3>Idea Generation</h3>
<p>Following Schumpeter, innovation requires both ideas, and the delivery of a product that implements these ideas. Basically holds: No ideas, or no products from these ideas, no innovation. Thus, a company needs both, ideas, and processes to convert ideas into products.</p>
<p>Google&#8217;s practice to allow employees to perform unconditional research first of all targets at the idea generation, and should not be missunderstood as a means to predominantly create new products. It is quire clear that such an innovation approach can and should not be used to produce products. For the conversion of ideas into deliverables it needs official units.</p>
<p>However, for me this need for official production units should not be missused as an argument to stop idea creation. I further think that the argument that there are &#8220;too many&#8221; ideas, much more than we can transfer into products, is a wrong argument. First of all I doubt that there is something like &#8220;too much&#8221; ideas, and then I think that not the quantity of ideas is important, but the quality. However to find one very good idea, you normally need to invest into many not-so-good ideas.</p>
<p>In particular in the IT industry it is often neccessary that experts invest their innovative time in testing new ideas, before he can prove that the idea can materialize at all. To improve the quality of the ideas, it is vital that you partially invest into experts that create quantity of ideas.</p>
<h3>Capacity</h3>
<p>The IT industry is known to be highly dynamic, and flexible. To do their jobs the employees need to possess a high level of qualification. As there is always more to be done than there is capacity available, it is quite normal that experts and most key employees are highly overbooked.</p>
<p>However, normally these overbooked experts are the real sources of innovative ideas. However, to create ideas, everybody, including experts need spare time other than daily business. These people do not possess time to innovate, if we do not actively help them to find this time.</p>
<p>Google&#8217;s practice to allow employees to invest in innovation works like an intelligent program to avoid overbooking of key employees. This offer clearly states that creative room is valued much more important than one additional backlog item. However it also states that there are backlog items that are more important than innovation.</p>
<p>These employees see on the one hand side the need to innovate. On the other hand they see the needs, which emerge from their daily business. What often happens in models like the one used at Google, is that a tradeoff takes place between both time buckets (innovation versus daily business), which considers the relative importances.</p>
<p>In effect Google allows each employee to take 20% of the time for innovation. In effect, these employees will probably take less time. However Google can be sure that this time these emloyees invest into innovation has a higher value than the backlog items, which they would develop instead.</p>
<h3>Avoiding Micro Management</h3>
<p>In particular the highly qualified employees in the IT partially think like small companies. While it might be common in other industries to widely predefine the work of employees, and to administer and measure each part of the working time, many employees in the IT do not like to be governed too closely.</p>
<p>A different trend more an more emerges from the ongoing industrialization of the software development. This is the trend, to understand developers as &#8220;coders&#8221; who are just supposed to code what others have defined.</p>
<p>I think, both is wrong. With most products you do not need coders, but you need experts in software development. Furthermore, you need to create an organization that avoids micro management, as this would stop these experts from being creative.</p>
<p>As these IT employees need room for own decisions, which they might not even want to discuss with their bosses, and as they need to be seen as much more than just &#8220;coders&#8221;, you need programs like the Google program, which shows these people, how valued they are.</p>
<p>Many innovative projects are too small to ASK a boss for time to work on. On the other hand these ideas are often too vague to be able to serve as a fully defined business case. Google&#8217; approach avoids both problems. The model furthermore prevents bosses from micromanaging their developers.</p>
<h3>Disruptive Innovation</h3>
<p>Disruptive innovation is a very valuable type of innovation, as it often opens the door for completely new products. However this type of innovation requires employees, which are experts in their areas, and it requires white spaces in the company, which allows these ideas to grow within a protected area.</p>
<p>Google&#8217;s model in particular supports the invention of disruptive products, as it minimizes the influence of non-experts, which might otherwise kill an idea, before it is born.</p>
<p>If Google would create just one successful disruptive product from such a program, I think that the entire program would have been paid.</p>
<h2>Further Information</h2>
<p>In my following articles you can find  additional, and related reading:</p>
<p>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/wie-innovations-management-2-0-funktioniert/" onclick="">Wie Innovations-Management 2.0 funktioniert</a><br />
→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/mehr-innovation-durch-den-innovationday/" onclick="">Mehr Innovation durch den Innovationday?</a></p>
<p>Here you can subscribe to my blog, and you will receive regular notifications, once an update is published: → <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/DerProduktmanager" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/feeds.feedburner.com');" target="_blank">Mailinglist</a>. If you are interested in regular information, you can → <a href="http://www.twitter.com/ProdMgrNet" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.twitter.com');" target="_blank">follow me on Twitter</a>, or you → <a href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/Produkt-Manager/130288313671652" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.facebook.com');">become a fan on my Facebook-Page</a>.</p>



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		<title>Gut kopiert ist halb gewonnen</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/DerProduktmanager/~3/IGb9rBuzRLs/</link>
		<comments>http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/gut-kopiert-ist-halb-gewonnen/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 13 Aug 2010 15:59:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Rudolph</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Anforderungen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Development]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Innovation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ungefiltert]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[PM Strategie]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.produkt-manager.net/?p=3048</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[In ihrem heute veröffentlichten Artikel → Gut kopiert ist halb gewonnen befasst  sich das Handelsblatt mit dem Thema Innovation, und (u.a.) mit dem Buch Copycats von Oded Shenkar, einem Management-Professor an der Ohio State University]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Copyright &copy; 2010 <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net" onclick="">Andreas Rudolph</a>. Visit the original article at <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/gut-kopiert-ist-halb-gewonnen/" onclick="">http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/gut-kopiert-ist-halb-gewonnen/</a>.<br /><p><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_MA-28.jpg" onclick=""><img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-2988" title="Sommer in Mannheim" src="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_MA-28-300x200.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="200" /></a>In ihrem heute veröffentlichten Artikel → <a href="http://www.handelsblatt.com/politik/nachrichten/studie-gut-kopiert-ist-halb-gewonnen;2630923" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.handelsblatt.com');" target="_blank">Gut kopiert ist halb gewonnen</a> befasst  sich das Handelsblatt mit dem Thema Innovation, und (u.a.) mit dem Buch <em>Copycats</em> von Oded Shenkar, einem Management-Professor an der Ohio State University.</p>
<h2>Kernargumente des Artikels</h2>
<p>Das folgende Zitat aus dem Artikel ließ mich hellhörig werden, weil es letztendlich bedeutet, daß es doch nicht sinnvoll ist, in Innovation zu investieren:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Shenkar hat beeindruckende Zahlen auf seiner Seite: zum Beispiel eine Studie, nach der in den USA zwischen 1948 und 2001 die Innovatoren nur 2,2 Prozent des wahren Wertes ihrer Erfindungen selbst einstreichen konnten – der Rest ging, schlussfolgert Shenkar, an Nachahmer. Schon eine Untersuchung aus den frühen 80er-Jahren hatte gezeigt, dass von 48 Erfindungen 34 kopiert worden waren.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<h3>Imovation</h3>
<p>Bei genauerem Hinsehen kommt der Artikel aber zu einem anderen Ergebnis:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;&#8230; um geschicktes Adaptieren. „Imovation“ ist sein etwas gekünsteltes Schlagwort, mit dem er für einen schlagkräftigen Strategie-Mix aus Erfinden und Nachmachen wirbt&#8230; Imovatoren übernehmen das Beste von anderen Produkten oder Konzepten und kombinieren es mit eigenen Innovationen.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>Na bitte, letztendlich behauptet er, daß es sinnvoll ist &#8220;das Beste&#8221; von anderen Produkten/ Konzepten zu übernehmen. Dies bedeutet aber nichts Anderes, als daß man sowohl den Kundenbedarf kennen, als auch die Technologie beherrschen sollte, bevor man auf den Markt geht.</p>
<p>Das hört sich für einen Produktmanager gwohnt an.</p>
<h3>Disruptive Produkte</h3>
<p>Weiterhin schlägt der Artikel mit dem folgenden Argument in die &#8220;Clayton-Christensen-Kerbe&#8221;. Der Unterschied zu Christensen ist, daß er vorschlägt, daß sich etablierte Unternehmen aktiv nicht in das Gebiet der Disruptive Innovation begeben sollte (Christensen behauptet, daß dies passiert, weil diese aus ökonomischen Gründen diese Produktfelder aktiv vernachlässigen):</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Daraus leiten Markides und Geroski die Empfehlung ab, dass sich gerade etablierte Firmen nicht in den Wettbewerb um radikale Innovationen stürzen sollten, sondern besser beraten seien, ein schneller Zweiter zu werden. Das heißt: „So lange abwarten, bis zu erkennen ist, welche Produktvariante sich auf dem Markt durchsetzen wird“ – um dann mit aller Macht die Größenvorteile gegenüber den oft kleinen Erfinder-Firmen zu nutzen. Die schnellen Zweiten können dann eine ausgereiftere, aber auch preisgünstigere, weil zu geringeren Kosten produzierte eigene Variante auf den Markt bringen.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>Das ist auch nicht ganz neu. Ist es doch so, daß sich viele Marktführer schwer damit tun, Disruptive Innovation hervorzubringen, und oft erst dann starten (oder aufkaufen), wenn sich eine neue Technologie etabliert hat.</p>
<h2>Meinungen und Erfahrungen</h2>
<p>Generell halte ich es für gefährlich, sich generell nur auf eine Follower-Rolle zu versteifen, und diese zum Prinzip zu erheben. Gerade in der IT kann man sehen, daß oft genau die Firmen bedeutend geworden sind, die eine neue Produktkategorie als erste mit Produkten besetzen konnten, die die Kunden wollten (z.B. Microsoft). Oder, die Firmen sind groß, die als Erstes neue Kategorien definieren (Beispiel: iPad).</p>
<p>Auf der anderen Seite kann man aber auch Firmen sehen, die als Follower groß geworden sind, indem sie den Innovator überflügelt haben (z.B. Google/Yahoo). Oft liegt dieses Ergebnis aber weniger an der Innovation, die man verbessert hat, sondern, eher an dem Kundenbedarf, den der Innovator übersehen hatte (bei Yahoo/Google waren es zum Anfang die Suchgenauigkeit und &#8211; geschwindigkeit).</p>
<p>Meiner Erfahrung nach haben innovative Prozesse in der Tat sehr viel mit der &#8220;Imitation&#8221; zu tun, jedoch teilweise etwas anders, als es Shenkar vordenkt. Das Rezept mag funktionieren bei den im Artikel aufgeführten Konsumgütermärkten. Bei Technologie, denke ich, daß es eher nicht sinnvoll ist zuviel zu imitieren.</p>
<h3>Das Beste imitieren</h3>
<p>Denken Sie einmal daran, wie sie selbst täglich daran arbeiten, Anforderungen einzuholen, die Sie am Ende in einer Spezifikation einmünden lassen.</p>
<p>Was Sie letztendlich hierbei machen, ist, daß Sie feststellen, welche Produktmerkmale von Kunden für wie bedeutend gewertet werden, bzw was Kunden &#8220;für das Beste&#8221; halten würden. Sie versuchen also, sich ein Bild davon zu machen, welche Dinge nachahmenswert wären, so es sie denn gäbe.</p>
<p>Um dies zu tun (wissen Sie ja selbst) muss man nicht warten bis jemand Anderes eine gute Idee hatte, um sie dann zu kopieren/adaptieren. Das kann man auch selbst machen, indem man Kunden befragt.</p>
<h3>Disruptive Innovationen</h3>
<p>Disruptive Innovationen basieren oft auf neuen Technologien, die zur Zeit noch schlechtere Ergebnisse bringen, zu höheren Preisen, als die führenden Produkte (z.B. die ersten Chipkameras waren teurer und schlechter, als die filmbasierten Kameras). Oft erschliessen sie zudem neue Kundensegmente, wie z.B. die Non-User.</p>
<p>Viele Firmen ignorieren die Gefahren wissentlich, weil ihre internen Prozesse es nicht erlauben an Produkten mit geringerer Marge, und schlechteren Leistungsmerkmalen zu arbeiten, als die bisherigen Produkte.</p>
<p>Sich hier wissentlich rauszuhalten, quasi aus Prinzip ein Follower werden zu wollen, halte ich bei Technologie für gefährlich, weil man so auch auf das Know How verzichtet. Ich denke, es ist demgegenüber sinnvoller, solche Innovationen in eigene Einheiten auszulagern, wie Christensen es fordert, d.h. quasi eine eigene Firma zu gründen, die man später imitierten kann.</p>
<h2>Weiterführende Informationen</h2>
<p>In den folgenden Artikeln finden Sie weiterführende Informationen zum heutigen Thema</p>
<ul>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/the-innovators-paradox/" onclick="">The Innovator’s Paradox</a></li>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/warum-manche-unternehmen-neue-technologien-verschlafen/" onclick="">Warum manche Unternehmen neue Technologien Verschlafen</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/warum-manche-unternehmen-neue-technologien-verschlafen/" onclick=""></a>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/made-to-stick-and-the-curse-of-innovation/" onclick="">Made to Stick and the Curse of Innovation</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Hier können Sie meinen Blog abonnieren, um regelmäßig über neue Artikel benachrichtig zu werden → <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/DerProduktmanager" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/feeds.feedburner.com');" target="_blank">Mailingliste</a>. Oder, → <a href="http://www.twitter.com/ProdMgrNet" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.twitter.com');" target="_blank">folgen Sie mir einfach auf Twitter</a>, oder gehen sie auf → <a href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/Produkt-Manager/130288313671652" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.facebook.com');">meine neue Facebook-Seite</a>, um regelmäßig Nachrichten zu erhalten.</p>



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<br/><br/>]]></content:encoded>
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		<item>
		<title>Ten tech-enabled business trends to watch</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/DerProduktmanager/~3/1NY66gfGcQM/</link>
		<comments>http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/ten-tech-enabled-business-trends-to-watch/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Aug 2010 19:53:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Rudolph</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Corporate Strategy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[English Content]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Prognosen]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ungefiltert]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Web 2.0]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crowdsourcing]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.produkt-manager.net/?p=3003</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Recently the Mc Kinsey Quarterly published an article about several technologically enabled business-trends to watch. I have already written here about several of these trends, and now want to highlight some of them]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Copyright &copy; 2010 <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net" onclick="">Andreas Rudolph</a>. Visit the original article at <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/ten-tech-enabled-business-trends-to-watch/" onclick="">http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/ten-tech-enabled-business-trends-to-watch/</a>.<br /><div><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_MA-32.jpg" onclick=""><img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-2987" title="Sommer in Mannheim" src="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_MA-32-300x200.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="200" /></a>Recently the McKinsey Quarterly published an article about several technologically enabled business-trends to watch.</p>
</div>
<p>I have already written here about several of these trends, and now I want to highlight some of them.</p>
<h2>The Trends</h2>
<div>In their article → <strong><a href="http://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/High_Tech/Strategy_Analysis/Clouds_big_data_and_smart_assets_Ten_tech-enabled_business_trends_to_watch_2647?gp=1" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.mckinseyquarterly.com');" target="_blank">Clouds, big data, and smart assets: Ten tech-enabled business trends to watch McKinsey</a></strong><strong> </strong>foresees and discusses the following trends:</div>
<ul id="ctl00_GridContainerPlaceHolder_inThisArticle_ulTableOfContents">
<blockquote>
<li><strong>Trend 1: </strong>Distributed cocreation moves into the mainstream</li>
<li><strong>Trend 2: </strong>Making the network the organization</li>
<li><strong>Trend 3: </strong>Collaboration at scale</li>
<li><strong>Trend 4: </strong>The growing ‘Internet of Things’</li>
<li><strong>Trend 5: </strong>Experimentation and big data</li>
<li><strong>Trend 6: </strong>Wiring for a sustainable world</li>
<li><strong>Trend 7: </strong>Imagining anything as a service</li>
<li><strong>Trend 8: </strong>The age of the multisided business model</li>
<li><strong>Trend 9: </strong>Innovating from the bottom of the pyramid</li>
<li><strong>Trend 10: </strong>Producing public good on the grid</li>
</blockquote>
</ul>
<p>Trend 1, 2, 3 and partially trend 9 is nutured from something also known crowdsourcing, partnering, or open innovation.</p>
<h2>In Earlier Times</h2>
<p>Im earlier times the game was: your company against the rest &#8211; keep all your information secret. Introduced by the internet, we have learned step-by-step that open processes and networked organizations will be the game of the future.</p>
<p>Nowadays, not single companies compete against each others, but networks of partners, who meet at the same hight, compete against different partner networks. Sometimes it is even quite normal that your partner in one business area is your competitor in a different one, and vice versa.</p>
<h2>Levels of a Strategic Partner Program</h2>
<p>To be strategic, a typical partner program address different levels of cooperation. This is necessary, as no company can maintain the same level of intimacy with all of their partners:</p>
<ul>
<li>Lowest level &#8211; <strong>Internet Communities,</strong> where the individual partners can share ideas, or know how</li>
<li><strong>Certified Partners</strong>, where the partners are trained in your products, and where they are able to take over certain services on your behalf</li>
<li><strong>Cooperations</strong>, and project related partnerships, where both of you cooperate in local projects</li>
<li><strong>Distribution agreements</strong> with a high(er) level of upfront investment, such as OEM-Partnerships, where one company exclusively buys products from a different company, to be able to offer the combined service.</li>
<li><strong>Strategic OEM Partnerships</strong>, which consist of a unified branding and development between two partners</li>
<li>Highest level -<strong> Joint Ventures</strong>, in which the partner financially engage themselves in a company that is owned by both partners.</li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: normal;">A well defined partner strategy enables you to work along severeral of the above-mentioned trends. The leveled approach provides you and your partners with a rapid orientation, and it enables you to efficiently deal with a large partnernetwork.</span></p>
<h2>Further Information</h2>
<p>Under the Tag → <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/tag/web-20/" onclick="" target="_blank">Web2.0</a> you can find  additional, and related reading.</p>
<p>Here you can subscribe to my blog, and you will receive regular notifications, once an update is published: → <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/DerProduktmanager" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/feeds.feedburner.com');" target="_blank">Mailinglist</a>. If you are interested in regular information, you can → <a href="http://www.twitter.com/ProdMgrNet" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.twitter.com');" target="_blank">follow me on Twitter</a>, or you → <a href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/Produkt-Manager/130288313671652" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.facebook.com');">become a fan on my Facebook-Page</a>.</p>



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		<title>Proactive Versus Reactive Strategies</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/DerProduktmanager/~3/6cqHu82Xr5U/</link>
		<comments>http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/proactive-versus-reactive-strategies/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 09 Aug 2010 18:00:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Rudolph</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Corporate Strategy]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[English Content]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Strategie]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ungefiltert]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Consumer-Strategies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Product-Concept]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.produkt-manager.net/?p=3021</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[When developing new products, one strategic choice can particularly be tricky to take. This is the choice wether your product shall be the first (in its category) in the market (proactive strategy), or if a reactive strategy is likely be more successful. The answer to the question, which strategy is the best, is not so simple to give, as it might seem to be. At least in terms of financial results sometimes a proactive strategy might be the strategy of choice, sometimes it is not, but the reactive strategy is superior]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Copyright &copy; 2010 <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net" onclick="">Andreas Rudolph</a>. Visit the original article at <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/proactive-versus-reactive-strategies/" onclick="">http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/proactive-versus-reactive-strategies/</a>.<br /><p><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_Macro-3.jpg" onclick=""><img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-2986" title="Macro und Lensbaby" src="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_Macro-3-300x200.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="200" /></a>When developing new products, one strategic choice can particularly be tricky to take. This is the choice wether your product shall be the first (in its category) in the market (proactive strategy), or if a reactive strategy is likely be more successful.</p>
<p>Example for products that follow a proactive strategy are the iPad (Apple), the first car (Benz), or SAP&#8217;s R/3. All these products where the first products in the market, which sometimes even defined a category. Examples for follower products (products following a reactive strategy) would be the Google search engine, or the Ford A-Model.</p>
<p>The answer to the question, which strategy is the best, is not so simple to give, as it might seem to be. At least in terms of financial results sometimes a proactive strategy might be the strategy of choice, sometimes it is not, but the reactive strategy is superior.</p>
<h2>Literature</h2>
<p>Following the literature (I am using Frank R. Kardes, <a href="http://www.amazon.de/gp/product/0131227955?ie=UTF8&amp;tag=derproduk-21&amp;linkCode=as2&amp;camp=1638&amp;creative=19454&amp;creativeASIN=0131227955" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.amazon.de');">Consumer Behavior and Managerial Decision Making (Pie)</a>, 2nd international ed), the following factors should be considered in deciding when to use reactive strategies, or when to use proactive strategies:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Growth Opportunities:</strong> Normally, proactive strategies work perfectly for new high-growth markets that are responsive to new product innovation, as these markets demand for diversification.</li>
<li><strong>Protection for Innovation</strong>: The company, which enters the market as first allows others to copy the idea. Thus, a high level of protection of interlectural property speaks in favor of a proactive strategy (and vice versa)</li>
<li><strong>Market size and margin: </strong>The company, which enters a large market as first, can achieve economies of scale, and thus a higher ROI. However, this requires a market, which is sufficiently large. Thus, proactive strategies work well with large markets, while reactive strategies work with small markets. This on the other hand requires that the company is sufficiently large to address the market.</li>
<li><strong>Competition</strong>. To attack one strong competitor in a shrinking market, is less likely to succeed than to face several competitors in a growing market. Thus, the sales potential (potential size of the market), and the penetration of competitors predetermines if you can run a proactive strategy, or a reactive strategy.</li>
<li><strong>Position in the distribution channel:</strong> To be able to be successful with a proactive strategy, you need to make sure that you are able to position your product properly. This on the other hand requires that you have access to these customers, and a particular position in the distribution channel.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Experiences</h2>
<p>In my experience it might be worthwhile to work on a larger strategy, which considers all available options:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Customer intimacy: </strong>Most of our current markets are somehow defined. It it thus not easy to find green fields, which you could target with a proactive strategy. To identify a product area, which might be worthwhile to develop, you first need to study the market very carefully. This requires that your company has a deep relation to customers, and potential customers.</li>
<li><strong>Positioning</strong>: In several cases you will find that it partly depends on your definition, if a market can be addressed with a proactive strategy, or not. Consider the situation where a competitor is on the market. If you now intend to enter the market with a practive strategy, an option would be that you redefine the market in a way that the customers gain a different view to their needs (i.e. with a disruptive product)</li>
<li><strong>Interlectual Property Rights:</strong> It is helpful that you constantly work to protect your interlectual property. However in the sense of a strategy, you should also check if you could achieve other competitive advantages that are not easy to copy. Examples could be loyal employees, or particular production capabilities.</li>
<li><strong>Partnering</strong>: If your company lacks the size to cover a market by means of a proactice strategy, partnering might be a strategic option. In such scenario would you partner horizontally, or vertically, while you are able to cover a larger market.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Further Information</h2>
<p>In the following articles can you find additional information about the topic:</p>
<ul></ul>
<ul>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/innovation-and-patents/" onclick="">Innovation and Patents</a></li>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/innovation-and-creativity/" onclick="">Innovation and Creativity</a></li>
</ul>
<ul></ul>
<p>Here you can subscribe to my blog, and you will receive regular notifications, once an update is published → <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/DerProduktmanager" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/feeds.feedburner.com');" target="_blank">Mailinglist</a>. If you are interested in regular information, you can → <a href="http://www.twitter.com/ProdMgrNet" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.twitter.com');" target="_blank">follow me on Twitter</a>, or you → <a href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/Produkt-Manager/130288313671652" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.facebook.com');">become a fan on my Facebook-Page</a>.</p>



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		<title>Innovation, Pricing und die Hochpreisstrategie</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/DerProduktmanager/~3/6KiobXadF4k/</link>
		<comments>http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/innovation-pricing-und-die-hochpreisstrategie/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 05 Aug 2010 20:33:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Rudolph</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Innovation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Literatur]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Market Relation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ungefiltert]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cash Generation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Consumer-Strategies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Positioning]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[pricing]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.produkt-manager.net/?p=3005</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Heute morgen habe ich in der New York Times einen Bericht gelesen, der sowohl zu sommerlichem Wetter passt, als auch zu der Frage, wie Produktinnovationen funktionieren, und ob sie finanziellen Sinn machen. Ok, Sie müssen sich ein wenig anstrengen, aber diese Studie läßt sich schliesslich doch gut auf High Tech Produkte übertragen]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Copyright &copy; 2010 <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net" onclick="">Andreas Rudolph</a>. Visit the original article at <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/innovation-pricing-und-die-hochpreisstrategie/" onclick="">http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/innovation-pricing-und-die-hochpreisstrategie/</a>.<br /><p><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_Macro-20.jpg" onclick=""><img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-2983" title="Macro und Lensbaby" src="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_Macro-20-300x200.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="200" /></a>Heute morgen habe ich in der New York Times einen Bericht gelesen, der sowohl zu sommerlichem Wetter passt, als auch zu der Frage, wie Produktinnovationen funktionieren, und ob sie finanziellen Sinn machen.</p>
<p>Ok, Sie müssen sich ein wenig anstrengen, aber diese Studie läßt sich schliesslich doch gut auf High Tech Produkte übertragen.</p>
<h2>You Scream, I Scream &#8230; at the Price of Ice Cream</h2>
<p>Julia Moskin beschreibt in Ihrem Artikel → <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/04/dining/04icecream.html" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.nytimes.com');" target="_blank">You Scream, I Scream &#8230; at the Price of Ice Cream</a> in der New York Times, daß an bestimmten Orten der USA Premiumhersteller auf dem Markt sind, die mehrere USD für eine Kugel Eis verlangen, und auch bekommen.</p>
<p>Zusammenfassend kann man sagen, daß diese Entwicklung durch Produktinnovation zustandekommt, hohe Qualität, und ein gutes unterstützendes Marketing. Alle Faktoren sorgen dafür, daß die Kunden Ihre Preissensitivität einbüßen, und den Herstellern damit eine einträgliche Marge garantieren.</p>
<h3><strong>Innovation in Sachen Eis</strong></h3>
<p>Den Anfang dieser Premiumbewegung hat die Marke Häagen-Dazs gemacht, die auch hierzulande aktiv ist. Die Preise von diesen Premiumherstellern übersteigen selbst die Premiumpreise von Häagen-Dazs um Vielfaches. Trotzdem werden die Produkte gekauft.</p>
<p>Dies wurde dadurch erreicht, daß die Hersteller die Eissorten immer weiter verfeinert und veredelt haben, d.h. Innovation betrieben haben.</p>
<div>
<blockquote><p>“The meaning of ‘premium’ now is very different from what it was when Häagen-Dazs came out,” said Robin Davis, food editor of The Columbus Dispatch and the author of a recent history of Graeter’s, a Cincinnati ice cream institution. At the time, she said, all-natural ingredients and high fat content were enough to impart prestige and command a high price.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Now, prestige comes from many different sources: an ice cream’s purity and pedigree, its artfulness and innovation.&#8221; → <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/04/dining/04icecream.html" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.nytimes.com');" target="_blank">You Scream, I Scream &#8230; at the Price of Ice Cream</a></p></blockquote>
</div>
<h3>Produkte, und Wettbewerbsvorteile</h3>
<p>Die Herstellung eines guten Speiseeis ist ein komplexer Prozess, und erfordert viele Fähigkeiten vom Hersteller. Trotzdem kommt es nicht nur auf das eigentliche Produkt an, sondern auch auf das Drumherum, wie die Webseite, Lieferfahrzeuge, und ähnliches.</p>
<p>Insgesamt hat zudem jeder High End Hersteller seine Geheimnisse, und es gibt Merkmale, die man auch im Technologiebereich kennt: <strong>Wettbewersvorteile</strong>.</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;The world of high-end ice cream is small, and marbled with squabbles and secrets, making it difficult to pin down exactly what is in the stuff.</p>
<p>The sheer act of making ice cream is expensively complex and time-consuming, artisans say&#8230;.&#8221;</p>
<p>“Sadly, I think the marketing is just as important as the product,” said Benjamin Van Leeuwen, &#8230;.. The Victorian look of our Web site, the botanical drawings and especially the color of our trucks seemed to make a huge difference,” he said. → <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/04/dining/04icecream.html" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.nytimes.com');" target="_blank">You Scream, I Scream &#8230; at the Price of Ice Cream</a></p></blockquote>
<h2><strong>Hochpreisstrategie in Theorie und Praxis</strong></h2>
<p>Diese Eishersteller streben im Wesentlichen die Implementation einer Hochpreisstrategie an, indem sie ihre Güter zu Luxusgütern machen. Gabler definiert die Hochpreisstrategie wie folgt, und gibt gleich die wesentlichsten Stellgrößen an, die Luxusgüter ausmachen (Qualität und Image):</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Preisstrategie, bei der Güter dauerhaft zu hohen Preisen angeboten werden. Es werden dabei Kunden mit geringer Preissensitivität angesprochen. Anstelle des Preises werden Qualität und Image zur Differenzierung vom Wettbewerb in den Vordergrund der Kommunikation gestellt. Der Preis kann dabei auch oberhalb des gewinnoptimalen Preises liegen. Solche Strategien sind insbesondere im Luxusgüterbereich vorzufinden.&#8221; &#8211; Gabler Verlag (Herausgeber), Gabler Wirtschaftslexikon, Stichwort: Hochpreisstrategie, online im Internet:<a href="http://wirtschaftslexikon.gabler.de/Archiv/17541/hochpreisstrategie-v6.html" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/wirtschaftslexikon.gabler.de');" target="_blank"><span style="color: #000000;">Hochpreisstrategie</span></a>)</p></blockquote>
<p>Um zu verstehen, warum solche Hochpreisstrategien funktionieren, lohnt es sich in eine weitere Studie hineinzusehen. Dort wird konstatiert, daß der emotionale Produkt- und Markenwert, und nicht der Preis an sich kaufentscheidend ist.</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Laut einer Studie der globalen Strategieberatung Simon-Kucher &amp; Partners unter führenden Luxusgüterherstellern ist nach Einschätzung der befragten Unternehmen nicht etwa der Preis ausschlaggebend für die Kaufentscheidung der Kunden, sondern der emotionale Produkt- und Markenwert. Dies ermöglicht der Industrie die Durchsetzung von Preispremien und die Realisierung hoher Margen.&#8221; &#8211;  Competencesite, <a href="http://www.competence-site.de/pricing/Luxus-muss-seinen-Preis-haben-Studie-Luxusgueterpricing" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.competence-site.de');" target="_blank"><span style="color: #000000;">Luxus muss seinen Preis haben, </span></a>online im Internet</p></blockquote>
<h2>Gedanken zur Umsetzung</h2>
<p>Wenn Sie für Ihre Produkte eine Hochpreisstrategie für Ihre Technikprodukte anstreben, müssen Sie sich folgende Gedanken machen:</p>
<ul>
<li>Was verstehen meine potentiellen Kunden mit geringer Preissensitivität unter Produkt- und Markenwert (d.h was finden diese Kunden &#8220;gut&#8221;, wann wären sie &#8220;begeistert&#8221;)?</li>
<li>Wie gestalte ich mein Leistungspaket, sodaß ein maximaler Produkt- und Markenwert entsteht?</li>
<li>Bin ich in der Lage Qualität zu liefern, oder wo muss noch Kompetenz aufgebaut werden?</li>
<li>An welchen Produkt- und Leistungsmerkmalen muss ich innovative Lösungen suchen, die begeistern (dies bedingt u.a., daß Sie auch über Ihren Wettbewerb bescheidwissen)?</li>
<li>Wie muss das Marketing gestaltet werden (Kommunikation,.. Markenauftritt&#8230; Produktmerkmale, etc), mit dem Sie das notwendige Image erzielen?</li>
<li>Wie erziele ich die Glaubwürdigkeit, die notwendig ist, um Image und Produkte auch glaubhaft vertreten zu können?</li>
</ul>
<h2>Weiterführende Informationen</h2>
<p>In den folgenden Artikeln finden Sie weiterführende Informationen zum heutigen Thema</p>
<ul>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/the-strategic-role-of-product-management/" onclick="">The Strategic Role of Product Management</a></li>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/positioning-for-growth/" onclick="">Positioning for Growth</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/positioning-for-growth/" onclick=""></a>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/winning-in-a-down-economy-or-building-businesses-in-turbulent-times/" onclick="">Winning in a Down Economy or Building Businesses in Turbulent Times</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Hier können Sie meinen Blog abonnieren, um regelmäßig über neue Artikel benachrichtig zu werden → <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/DerProduktmanager" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/feeds.feedburner.com');" target="_blank">Mailingliste</a>. Oder, → <a href="http://www.twitter.com/ProdMgrNet" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.twitter.com');" target="_blank">folgen Sie mir einfach auf Twitter</a>, oder gehen sie auf → <a href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/Produkt-Manager/130288313671652" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.facebook.com');">meine neue Facebook-Seite</a>, um regelmäßig Nachrichten zu erhalten.</p>



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		<title>Außenwirtschaft – Going International</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/DerProduktmanager/~3/bS08Rf0kZeo/</link>
		<comments>http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/aussenwirtschaft-going-international/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 02 Aug 2010 18:57:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Rudolph</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Globalization]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Marktdaten]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ungefiltert]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Globalisierung]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Internationalisierung]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.produkt-manager.net/?p=2981</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Heute ist mir eine interessante Nachricht des iXPOS Außenwirtschaftsportals über den Mercosur in die Hände gefallen. Diese Nachricht hat mich dazu inspiriert, mal wieder über ein Thema aus dem internationalen Umfeld zu schreiben.

Heute befasse ich mich mit den Möglichkeiten, die eine kleine Firma hat, ins Ausland zu gehen]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Copyright &copy; 2010 <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net" onclick="">Andreas Rudolph</a>. Visit the original article at <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/aussenwirtschaft-going-international/" onclick="">http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/aussenwirtschaft-going-international/</a>.<br /><p><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_MA-15.jpg" onclick=""><img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-2989" title="Sommer in Mannheim" src="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Lensbaby_MA-15-300x200.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="200" /></a>Heute ist mir eine interessante Nachricht des iXPOS Außenwirtschaftsportals über den Mercosur in die Hände gefallen. Diese Nachricht hat mich dazu inspiriert, mal wieder über ein Thema aus dem internationalen Umfeld zu schreiben.</p>
<p><span style="font-size: 13.1944px;">Heute befasse ich mich mit den Möglichkeiten, die eine kleine Firma hat, ins Ausland zu gehen. Gleichzeitig gebe ich hiermit Hinweise auf die Vorgehensweise bei der Einführung eines neuen Produkt in einem fernen Markt.</span></p>
<p>Da das Thema unerschöpflich ist, wird es mir sicher nicht gelingen, es vollumfänglich abzuhandeln.</p>
<h2>Marktauswahl</h2>
<p>Oft ist das Going-International in ein größeres Konzept eingebunden. Vielfach sammeln Firmen erste Erfahrungen zum Beispiel in den anderen deutschsprachigen Ländern, und stellen sich dann die Frage, in welche Märkte sie noch expandieren könnten.</p>
<p>Spätestens ab diesem Moment werden Frage und Entscheidung strategisch, und erfordern die Einbeziehung der Geschäftsleitung.</p>
<p>Um eine befriedigende Antwort auf die Frage nach den Zielmärkten zu bekommen, sollen Sie sich einige Zeit nehmen um die einzelnen Märkte der Welt näher für sich und Ihre Produkte zu klassifizieren. Oft gibt es gerade in kleineren Ländern, abseits von den üblichen Verdächtigen (USA, GB, Frankreich, etc) interessante Marktchancen zu erschliessen. Da solche Randmärkte oft nicht überall im Fokus stehen, tummeln sich dort erfahrungsgemäß weniger Wettbewerber.</p>
<p>Für diesse Klassifikation benötigen Sie zunächst auch sekundärstatistisches Material, wie zum Beispiel, wie von Marktforschungsunternehmen angeboten (→ <a href="http://blog.nielsen.com/nielsenwire/category/reports-downloads/" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/blog.nielsen.com');" target="_blank">Beispiel</a>), oder Sie benötigen Länderdossiers, wie zum Beispiel von → <a href="http://www.iXPOS.de/nn_600702/Navigation/02LaenderBranchen/Laenderdossiers/laenderdossiers__node.html?__nnn=true" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.iXPOS.de');" target="_blank">iXPOS</a>, → <a href="http://http://www.vdma.org/wps/portal/Home/de/VDMAThemen?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/wps/wcm/connect/vdma/Home/de/VDMAThemen/Maerkte_und_Konjunktur" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.vdma.org');" target="_blank">VDMA</a>, oder der → <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.cia.gov');" target="_blank">CIA</a>, um sich ein erstes Bild von den Ländermärkten zu machen.</p>
<h2>Passende Produkte und Organisation</h2>
<p>Normalerweise werden Sie es nicht schaffen, Ihre Produkte unverändert, und in deutsch in einem fremden Land zu verkaufen. Deshalb liegt es auf der Hand, daß Sie sowohl Ihre Produkte, aber auch Ihre Organisation, und Ihre Verfahren an den neuen Markt anpassen müssen.</p>
<p>Dies bedingt zweierlei:</p>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 13.1944px;">Sie benötigen Informationen darüber, wie Ihr Produkt und Ihre Leistungen für das andere Land gestaltet werden müssen, und sie benötigen deshalb Produktmanagement-Expertise</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 13.1944px;">Sie benötigen in Ihrem Stammwerk die notwendige Kapazität, und Erfahrung, um Anpassungen vorzunehmen. </span></li>
</ul>
<p>Unter der folgenden Adresse finden Sie Informationen über einen Kompetenz-Check, den Sie für Ihr Unternehmen absolvieren können und sollten: <span style="font-size: 13.1944px;">→ <a href="http://www.iXPOS.de/cln_100/nn_601594/Navigation/01StartAusland/Fit__fuer__Auslandsmaerkte/Kompetenz__Check/Kompetenz__Check__node.html?__nnn=true" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.iXPOS.de');" target="_blank">Kompetenz-Check international: Einchecken in Auslandsmärkte</a>. Dieser Kompetenzcheck hilft Ihnen dabei, Ihre eigenen Fähigkeiten einzuschätzen.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 13.1944px;">Eine weitere Möglichkeit ist, daß Sie aktiv Forschung und Innovation betreiben, wie zum Beispiel vom → <a href="http://www.vdma.org/wps/portal/Home/de/VDMAThemen/Forschung_und_Innovation?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/vdma/Home/de/VDMAThemen/Forschung_und_Innovation" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.vdma.org');" target="_blank">VDMA im internationalen Kontext unterstützt</a>.</span></p>
<h2>Know How</h2>
<p>Bereits der Export einer Ware in ein anderes Land verlangt umfangreiches Know-How in der Exportabwicklung. Die Kür wäre, daß Sie ein eigenes Büro einrichten wollen, oder ein Joint Venture mit einem lokalen Partner planen.</p>
<p>Ihre Firma wird dieses Know-How sicher nicht bereits zu Beginn haben. Auf der anderen Seite ist der Know-How Aufbau langwierig, und kann teuer werden.</p>
<p>Hierfür gibt es unterschiedliche Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten. So können Sie Ihre Mitarbeiter in der → <a href="http://www.eabw.org/eabw-angebote/sefex/sefex" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.eabw.org');" target="_blank">Exportakademie Baden-Württemberg schulen </a>lassen. Oder Sie besuchen Seminare zu speziellen Themen (→ <a href="http://www.iXPOS.de/nn_600704/Navigation/04Markteintritt/markteintritt__node.html?__nnn=true" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.iXPOS.de');" target="_blank">Beispiel</a>). Interessant ist auch, daß es Fördermittel gibt.</p>
<h2>Marktnähe</h2>
<p>Die Marktnähe ist besonders wichtig. Auf der einen Seite wollen Sie sich potentielle Kunden vor Ort suchen, oder Sie benötigen Leute, die sich mit dem lokalen Gepflogenheiten auskennen. In manchen Fällen planen Sie sogar die Suche von Partnern, oder die Gründung lokaler Joint Ventures.</p>
<p>Um zu Informationen über Kunden und Partnern zu gelangen, können Sie zum Beispiel mit dem e-Trade Center potentielle Kunden und Geschäftspartner vor Ort suchen (→ <span style="font-size: 13.1944px;"><a title="e-trade-center" href="http://www.ixpos.de/nn_600706/Navigation/03AbnehmerPartner/Navigation/03AbnehmerPartner/EtradeCenter/etradeCenter__node.html?__nnn=true" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.ixpos.de');">Weltweit Geschäftspartner finden</a>), oder Sie nutzen das lokale Netzwerk der deutschen Außenhandelskammern (→ <a href="http://www.dihk.de/" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.dihk.de');" target="_blank">Beispiel</a>). Spezielle Pakete helfen Ihnen entsprechend Ihrem Informationsbedarf (→ <a title="Markteintrittspaket erleichtert Geschäfte mit dem Mercosur" href="http://www.ixpos.de/nn_600706/DE/Home/DE/06Meldungen/2010/Q3/AHK__100730.html" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.ixpos.de');">Markteintrittspaket erleichtert Geschäfte mit dem Mercosur</a>), oder Sie nutzen weiterführende Hilfen, wie <a href="http://www.iXPOS.de/cln_100/nn_601598/Navigation/03AbnehmerPartner/abnehmerPartner__node.html?__nnn=true" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.iXPOS.de');" target="_blank">Messen und Ausschreibungen.</a></span></p>
<h2>Weiterführende Informationen</h2>
<p>In den folgenden Artikeln finden Sie weiterführende Informationen zum heutigen Thema</p>
<ul>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/internationale-markte-und-marktforschung/" onclick="">Internationale Märkte und Marktforschung</a></li>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/globalisierung_global_oder_lokal/" onclick="">Globalisierung: Global oder Lokal</a></li>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/internationalisierung-going-global/" onclick="">Internationalisierung (Going Global)</a></li>
<li>→ <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2009/international-product-policy/" onclick="">International Product Policy – The Basic Product</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Hier können Sie meinen Blog abonnieren, um regelmäßig über neue Artikel benachrichtig zu werden → <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/DerProduktmanager" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/feeds.feedburner.com');" target="_blank">Mailingliste</a>. Oder, → <a href="http://www.twitter.com/ProdMgrNet" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.twitter.com');" target="_blank">folgen Sie mir einfach auf Twitter</a>, oder gehen sie auf → <a href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/Produkt-Manager/130288313671652" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.facebook.com');">meine neue Facebook-Seite</a>, um regelmäßig Nachrichten zu erhalten.</p>



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		<title>Creation Spaces – Einrichtung</title>
		<link>http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/DerProduktmanager/~3/aN-kqN5f1QA/</link>
		<comments>http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/creation-spaces-einrichtung/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 28 Jul 2010 19:11:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Andreas Rudolph</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Innovation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Management]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Strategie]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ungefiltert]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Internet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[KnowHow]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rollin]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.produkt-manager.net/?p=2966</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Heute habe ich in der Washington Post einen Artikel von John Hagel, John Seely Brown, and Lang Davison des Deloitte Center for the Edge gelesen, der sich um Creation Spaces dreht.

Nachdem ich neulich über Creation Spaces generell geschrieben habe, möchte ich hier ein paar Hinweise zur Einrichtung und zum Betrieb solcher Creation Spaces geben]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[Copyright &copy; 2010 <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net" onclick="">Andreas Rudolph</a>. Visit the original article at <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/creation-spaces-einrichtung/" onclick="">http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/creation-spaces-einrichtung/</a>.<br /><p><a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/VoelkHuette-4.jpg" onclick=""><img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-2792" title="VoelkHuette-4" src="http://www.produkt-manager.net/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/VoelkHuette-4-201x300.jpg" alt="" width="201" height="300" /></a>Heute habe ich in der Washington Post einen Artikel von John Hagel, John Seely Brown, and Lang Davison des Deloitte Center for the Edge gelesen, der sich um Creation Spaces dreht (→ <a href="http://views.washingtonpost.com/leadership/guestinsights/2010/07/cultivating-open-innovation-seeding-feeding-and-weeding.html" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/views.washingtonpost.com');" target="_blank">Cultivating open innovation: Seeding, feeding and weeding</a>).</p>
<p>Nachdem ich neulich über Creation Spaces generell geschrieben habe, möchte ich hier ein paar Hinweise zur Einrichtung und zum Betrieb solcher Creation Spaces geben.</p>
<h2>Wozu Creation Spaces?</h2>
<p>Die erwähnten Autoren stellen Creation Spaces als eine gute Methode dar, um die Innovation zu fördern. Sie sehen in Ihnen eine interessante Quelle von strategischen Wettbewerbsvorteilen:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;This can become a significant and sustainable source of strategic advantage. Leaders who understand this potential, and the evolutionary path leading to it, can help to accelerate their companies toward collaborative growth and innovation by deploying the tools and governance structures that support these creation spaces.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<p>Sie gehen in dem Beitrag hauptsächlich auf die Erfahrungen der Firma SAP mit dem Software Developer Network (SDN) ein, behandeln aber auch andere Creation Spaces im Ansatz, die eine etwas andere Ausrichtung haben (z.B. Innocentive).</p>
<p>Für besonders wichtig halten die Autoren, daß Creation Spaces unkoordiniert entstehen, und sich zudem flexibel den Bedürfnissen der Nutzer anpassen können. Darüber hinaus geben sie gleich noch ein paar weiterführende Tipps, wie man solche Creation Spaces betreibt:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Low barriers to entry, short-term and tangible value, robust reputation mechanisms, multiple performance levels, clear and rapid performance feedback, shared work-spaces that encourage teams to form and collaborate, and easy-to-search interaction archives: these are the kinds of tools and approaches that have helped to foster emerging creation spaces.</p>
<p>Executives can then analyze how people are interacting in these environments and make adjustments to encourage performance-driven relationships.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<h2>Einige praktische Tipps</h2>
<h3>Zielgruppe</h3>
<p>Die Autoren des oben erwähnten Artikels gehen auf das Software Developer Network ein, und behaupten, daß dieses Network ursprünglich als Forum gedient hat, in dem Entwickler Antworten auf Ihre Entwicklungsfragen bekommen konnten.</p>
<p>Sie verschweigen jedoch, daß zu diesem frühen Zeitpunkt ein weiteres Forum im Betrieb war, daß sich hauptsächlich den geschäftsrelevanten Fragen gewidmet hat, bzw in dem sich Nutzer getummelt haben. Diese beiden Bereiche wurden erst später unter einem Dach integriert, nachdem die Nutzerzahlen entsprechend angewachsen war.</p>
<p>Wenn Sie mit Ihrem Creation Space beginnen, hat diese Plattform sicherlich ebenfalls kaum Nutzer und Bekanntheit. Daher entsteht der beabsichtigte Effekt &#8220;Interaktion durch performance-driven relationships&#8221; schon mangels Masse nur in sehr eingeschränktem Umfang.</p>
<p>Daher halte ich es für wichtig, zu diesem Zeitpunkt dafür zu sorgen, daß Sie schon durch die Architektur des Forums sicherstellen, daß die Wissensgebiete getrennt laufen können. Dies stellt sicher, daß sich die Nutzer nicht auch noch inhaltlich in die Quere kommen, gegenseitig langweilen, oder vertreiben. Sie könnten hierfür analog eine Plattform für technische Themen einrichten, und eine weitere Plattform für Anwendungsthemen. Oder, Sie fangen mit einem Bereich an, und nehmen den anderen später hinzu.</p>
<h3>Moderation</h3>
<p>In der Entstehungsphase eines Creation Spaces fehlt Ihnen vermutlich die Masse auch aus inhaltlicher Sicht. Auf der anderen Seite können Sie nur dann Menschen an Ihr Forum binden, wenn diese dort einen Nutzen erhalten. Sie müssen es also, trotz fehlender Masse bei den eigentlichen Nutzern, erreichen, daß die Anfragen zügig beantwortet werden.</p>
<p>Daher ist es in der Frühphase wichtig, daß Sie neben der eigentlichen Moderation viele eigene Mitarbeiter mitarbeiten lassen, die dafür sorgen, daß eingehende Fragen auch beantwortet werden. In späteren Phasen, wenn sich bereits externe Expertengruppen gebildet haben, können Sie sich auf die eigentliche Moderation zurückziehen.</p>
<p>Die intensive Betreuung hat einen zweiten Nebeneffekt: Ihre Kunden erkennen die hohe Bedeutung, die Sie selbst dem Forum zubilligen, und sind eher bereit, Sie zu unterstützen.</p>
<h3>Geheimhaltung, und Benehmen</h3>
<p>Wenn Sie Ihre eigenen Experten in das Forum hereinnehmen haben diese vermutlich einige Startprobleme und -fragen:</p>
<ul>
<li>Ich bin Experte, kann aber nicht extern schreiben &#8211; und jetzt?</li>
<li>Ich habe als Experte kaum Kundenerfahrung, und will nichts Falsches sagen.</li>
<li>Da können ja auch Wettbewerber sein. Muss ich nicht eigentlich möglichst alle Informationen geheimhalten?</li>
<li>Wie helfe ich mir wenn ich an einen Troll gerate (d.h. eine Person, die nur Frust ablässt, oder der bewußt provoziert)?</li>
</ul>
<p>Meiner Erfahrung nach, sollten Sie Ihren Mitarbeitern Hilfen geben:</p>
<ul>
<li>Jemand, der Beiträge (bei Bedarf) redaktionell überarbeitet.</li>
<li>Einen Produktmanager(in), der den Experten bei brenzligen Fragen hilft (Eskalationen, Beschwerden, negatives Feedback, etc, das eingeht)?</li>
<li>Die Ansage, daß alle Informationen erlaubt sind &#8211; außer vielleicht echten Handelsgeheimnissen.</li>
<li>Einen gewieften Moderator, der mit umfassenden Rechten ausgestattet ist, um mit Beiträgen von Trollen zurechtzukommen.</li>
</ul>
<p>Darüberhinaus sollten Sie die Anreize nicht vergessen: kleine Geschenke, oder sonstige Benefits, die Ihren Leuten, mit jeder Antwort zeigen, daß Sie den gesonderten Einsatz wertschätzen.</p>
<p>Auch ist es wichtig, Ihren Leuten die notwendige Zeit zu geben.</p>
<h2>Weitere Informationen</h2>
<p>In dem folgenden Artikel finden Sie weiterführende Informationen zum Thema → <a href="http://www.produkt-manager.net/2010/creation-spaces/" onclick="">Creation Spaces</a>.</p>
<p>Hier können Sie meinen Blog abonnieren, um regelmäßig über neue Artikel benachrichtig zu werden → <a href="http://feeds.feedburner.com/DerProduktmanager" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/feeds.feedburner.com');" target="_blank">Mailingliste</a>. Oder, → <a href="http://www.twitter.com/ProdMgrNet" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.twitter.com');" target="_blank">folgen Sie mir einfach auf Twitter</a>, oder gehen sie auf → <a href="http://www.facebook.com/pages/Produkt-Manager/130288313671652" onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outbound/article/www.facebook.com');">meine neue Facebook-Seite</a>, um regelmäßig Nachrichten zu erhalten.</p>



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